Extraordinary Claims Don’t always Require Extraordinary Evidence, but They Do Require Good Quality Evidence
David
Hawkes
VCS Foundation, Carlton South, Australia.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1935
1937
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88664_dbb47e60530b55f56aff44f595be8604.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1935
Interleukin-10 (1082G/A) Polymorphism is Associated with Susceptibility of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Sudanese Population
Omnia Mohamed
Sharif
Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
author
Rosline
Hassan
Department of Hematology,
School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
author
Ameen Abdulaziz
Mohammed Basbaeen
Department
of Haematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan.
author
Ayman Hussien
Mohmed
Hematology
and Blood Banking Unit, Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA.
author
Ibrahim Khider
Ibrahim
Department of Hematology,
School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional cytokine with both immunosuppressive and antiangiogenicfunctionsand may have both tumor-promoting and -inhibiting properties. We examined the associationbetween a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in IL-10 -1082G/A (rs1800896) in Sudanese acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients and to assess the association between polymorphisms in IL-10 -1082G/A (rs1800896) and thehematological profile in Sudanese patients with AML. Methods: A total of 30 patients with acute myeloid leukemiaand 30 control subjects were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected from all patients in EDTA containingtubes. Genomic DNA was extracted from all blood samples using salting out method. The genotypic variants ofIL-10 (-1082G/A) polymorphism were detected by allele specific-PCR. Results: We found that (36.7%) of patients havehomogenous GG genotype, (43.3%) have heterogeneous GA genotype and (20.0%) have AA genotype. GA genotypewas significantly associated with higher risk of AML compared with the homozygous Genotypes (GG and AA), there isno association between IL-10 (-1082G/A) polymorphism and AML sub-type, gender, age group, mean of hematologicalparameters. Conclusion: Our study concluded that GA genotype of IL-10 -1082G/A (rs1800896) polymorphism is arisk factor for AML and G allele is insignificantly higher than A allele in AML patient. No association between IL-10(-1082G/A) polymorphism and AML sub-type, gender, age group, mean of hematological parameters.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1939
1943
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88651_9c3314efc05bf994ad0c9dafa4019098.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1939
Knowledge and Attitude Toward Human Papillomavirus and HPV Vaccination in Iranian Population: A Systematic Review
Mahboubeh
Taebi
Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Hedyeh
Riazi
Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Zohreh
Keshavarz
Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Maryam
Afrakhteh
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background and objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. This systematicreview was performed to provide an overview of knowledge and attitude about HPV infection and HPV vaccine inIranian population. Materials and Methods: The information was identified by searching international and nationaldatabases; pubmed/MEDLINE (NCBI), Embase (Elsevier), Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database, MagIran,and IranDoc. The current research was performed using the terms of medical subject headings (MeSH) and combinationsof the keywords including: “human papillomavirus” or “human papillomavirus vaccine” with the words “knowledge,”“awareness,” “attitude” and “Iran.” Studies were evaluated according to the checklist of STrengthening the Reporting ofOBservational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE). Results: A total of 10 observational studies that met the inclusioncriteria were included in this review. The overall knowledge and awareness of the Iranian population (parents, women,university students, medical students, nurses and hospital staff) about HPV and HPV vaccination was low; however,the attitude toward this issue was positive and strong. Conclusion: Due to the low levels of knowledge about HPVinfection and its methods of prevention, efforts should be increased to enhance the knowledge of the general populationabout HPV infection and vaccination in order to prevent its incidence and complications.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1945
1949
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88640_d6458e9820c0023169822ff1d1fc3b2e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1945
Association of Promoter Region Polymorphisms of IL-10 Gene with Susceptibility to Lung Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Jamal
Jafari-Nedooshan
Department of Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Mansour
Moghimi
Department of Pathology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Mohammad
Zare
Department of Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Naeimeh
Heiranizadeh
Department of Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Majid
Morovati-Sharifabad
Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
author
Mohamad Javad
Akbarian-Bafghi
Bam University of Medical Sciences, Department of Healthcare Management, Bam, Iran.
author
Mohammad Hossein
Jarahzadeh
Department of Emergency Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Hossein
Neamatzadeh
Mother and New Born Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: Epidemiological studies have suggested that the promoter region polymorphisms of interleukin-10 (IL-10)gene may be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. However, those studies results are controversial. Thus, acomprehensive meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association of promoter region polymorphisms of IL-10gene with susceptibility to lung cancer. Methods: a comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and CNKI databaseswas performed to find all eligible studies up to September 15, 2018. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidenceintervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of such association. Results: A total number of 19 case-control studies with4084 cases and 6,131 controls were selected. The overall meta-analysis results showed that the -592A>C polymorphismwas significantly associated with lung cancer risk under four genetic models, i.e., allele (CT vs. TT: OR= 1.17, 95% CI1.01-1.35, p=0.02), homozygote (CC vs. AA: OR= 1.64, 95% CI 1.29-2.02, p≤0.001), heterozygote (CA vs. AA: OR=1.26, 95% CI 1.06-1.50, p≤0.001), and dominant (CC+CA vs. AA: OR= 1.31, 95% CI 1.11-1.54, p=0.001). However,there was no significant association between -819T>C and -1082A>G polymorphisms of IL-10 and lung cancer risk.Similarly, subgroup analyses by ethnicity detected significant association between IL-10 -592A>C and lung canceramong Asians and Caucasians. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests that the IL-10 -592A>C polymorphism mightbe risk factor for lung cancer, especially among Asian and Caucasians. In contrast, the IL-10 -819T>C and -1082A>Gpolymorphisms are not significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1951
1957
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88633_195aff5c846c582ed3b33b47ad265251.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1951
Cluster Analysis Evaluating PM2.5, Occupation Risk and Mode of Transportation as Surrogates for Air-pollution and the Impact on Lung Cancer Diagnosis and 1-Year Mortality
Sopian
Abdul Wahab
Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan, Cheras, Malaysia.
author
Astrid
Hassan
Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan, Cheras, Malaysia.
author
Mohd Talib
Latif
School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
author
Yasheeny
Vadiveel
Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan, Cheras, Malaysia.
author
Tamyenthini
Jeyabalan
Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan, Cheras, Malaysia.
author
Chun Ian
Soo
Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan, Cheras, Malaysia.
author
Faisal
Abdul Hamid
Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan, Cheras, Malaysia.
author
Andrea Ban
Yu-lin
Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan, Cheras, Malaysia.
author
Tidi
Hassan
Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan, Cheras, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: Epidemiological studies have reported the close relationship between risk for lung cancers and air pollutionin particular, for non-smoking related lung cancers. However, most studies used residential address as proxies which maynot estimate accurately an individual’s air pollution exposure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify risk factorssuch as occupation and mode of transportation associated with lung cancer diagnosis and death. Methods: Subjectswith lung cancer (n=514) were evaluated both by chart reviews for clinical data and interviews to determine residentialaddress for ten years, main occupation and main mode of transportation. Annual particulate matter with diameter sizeless than 2.5 micrometre (PM2.5) concentration were calculated based on particulate matter with diameter size less than10 micrometre (PM10) data recorded by Malaysian Department of Environment. Logistic regression analysis, clusteranalysis and the Cox regression analysis were performed to the studied variables. Results: This study concurred withprevious studies that lung adenocarcinoma were diagnosed in predominantly younger, female non-smokers comparedto the other types of lung cancers. Lung adenocarcinoma subjects had annual PM2.5 that was almost twice higher thansquamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and other histological subtypes (p=0.024). Independent of smoking,the κ -means cluster analysis revealed two clusters in which the high risk cluster involves occupation risk with airpollution of more than four hours per day, main transportation involving motorcycle and trucks and mean annual PM2.5concentration of more than 30 based on residential address for more than ten years. The increased risk for the high-riskcluster was more than five times for the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma (OR=5.69, 95% CI=3.14-7.21, p<0.001).The hazard ratio for the high-risk cluster was 3.89 (95% CI=2.12-4.56, p=0.02) for lung adenocarcinoma mortality at1 year. Conclusion: High-risk cluster including PM2.5, occupation risk and mode of transportation as surrogates forair-pollution exposure was identified and highly associated with lung adenocarcinoma diagnosis and 1-year mortality.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1959
1965
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88652_3a980bb128e0ff37e99ba762e83b0d3c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1959
Efficacy of Implementing Home Care Using Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in Reducing Stress of Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer
Milad
Borji
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical
Science, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Asma
Tarjoman
Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical
Science, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Alireza
Abdi
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical
Science, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Masoume
Otaghi
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Gastrointestinal cancer is the third most common types of cancer in the world which leads to alot of stress among sufferers. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are used to treat stress inducedby serious diseases. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) technique is considered as one ofnon-pharmacological method for decreasing patient’s stress. Objective: This study was conducted to determine theeffect of home care using EMDR technique on the stress of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Materials andMethods: The current semi-experimental study was performed on patients with gastrointestinal cancer residing inIlam, Iran. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=30) and control (n=30). Homecare was provided for intervention group in patients’ homes which included 2 sessions (a total of 60 sessions for allpatients). Each session lasted for 45 to 60 minutes according to EMDR protocol. The data were analyzed using SPSS(version 16). Results: The findings of this study showed that most of patients were male (36, 60%), had diplomadegrees (44, 73.3%), had a monthly income less than 500 thousand (38, 63.3%), were married (39, 65 %). The meanage of the patients was 69.18 ± 11.58 years. No statistically significant difference was observed between two groupsbefore the intervention in terms of patients’ perceived stress (P>0.05). However, efficacy and perceived distress of theintervention group significantly was decreased following the intervention (P<0.05). Conclusions: According to thefindings regarding the impact of home care using EMDR technique on reducing stress in patients with gastrointestinalcancer, the implementation of this intervention and provision of education for patients are recommended to expand thenursing duty to community health wards as well as to improve the health status of patients.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1967
1971
https://journal.waocp.org/article_82498_da7d3f51c971fe68f06671c239064cfa.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1967
Assessment of the Blood Parameters, Cardiac and Liver Enzymes in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Following Treated with Injectable Doxorubicin-Loaded Nano-Particles
Monir
Moradzadeh Khiavi
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Enayat
Anvari
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
author
Hamed
Hamishehkar
Department of Drug Applied Research Center,, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
author
Khadijeh
Abdal
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Purpose: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common and most malignant disorder of the oralcavity. Standard cancer treatments have many complications for patients. Nausea, vomiting, and perturbation inblood cells are the most common side effects when using Doxorubicin (Dox) for the treatment of OSCC. Use ofDoxorubicin-loaded nano-particles (n-Dox) give rise to increase its biological efficacy and the rapeutic effects. This studyassessed the efficacy of the injectable form of the n-Doxon blood parameters and cardiac and liver enzymes comparedto the commercial form of Dox in OSCC-induced by 4NQO in rats. Methods: 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxideas was used asa solution in drinking water for inducing OSCC during 14 weeks in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of animalswere categorized randomly: first (OSCC+Dox), second (OSCC+n-Dox), third (OSCC) and, last, healthy animals. Results:Using n-Dox had no harmful effect on the number of white and red blood cells. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia inanimals treated with n-Dox was less than the other groups. Hemoglobin and hematocrit in all treated groups did notdiffer and were similar to the healthy control. Hepatic and cardiac enzymes did not show any significant difference inany of the groups. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that significant decreases in haematological changesoccurred, including leukopenia and anemia, in an animal model of OSCC induced by 4-NQO following use of n-Doxwith compare to Dox. Use of n-Dox is better than of Dox for treatment of OSCC.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1973
1977
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88659_0a639d61546ee548bd421c863b54692d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1973
Tumor Cell Death via Apoptosis and Improvement of Activated Lymphocyte Cytokine Secretion by Extracts from Euphorbia Hebecarpa and Euphorbia Petiolata
Zahra
Amirghofran
Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
author
Narjes
Shekofteh
Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
author
Mehri
Ghafourian
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Neda
Khosravi
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Kurosh
Kalantar
Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
author
Saeed
Malek-Hosseini
Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Immunomodulatory materials from natural herbs and the characterization of their immune enhancementeffects may have tremendous potential as cancer treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate theapoptosis-inducing activities of Euphorbia hebecarpa Boiss and Euphorbia petiolata Banks & Sol. plant extracts andtheir effects on cytokine secretion by lymphocytes. Materials and Methods: We assessed the apoptosis-inducingeffect of the plants’ hexane extracts on previously determined sensitive cell lines (HeLa for E. hebecarpa and K562for E. petiolata) by flow cytometry and measurement of caspase 3 activation. The apoptosis-related gene expressionswere examined by real-time PCR. The effects of the extracts on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion wereexamined. Results: Flow cytometry analysis showed that the inhibitory effect of the extracts on tumor cell growthwas due to cell apoptosis. The plant extracts at the 100 μg/ml dose induced apoptosis in HeLa (98.5 ± 0.1%) and K562(57.7 ± 1.9%) cells. The extracts increased caspase 3 activation (≈2-fold>control). Real-time PCR showed Fas and Baxgene upregulation and Bcl-2 downregulation, which resulted in an increased Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio. The extractsincreased lymphocyte proliferation and increased levels of IFN-γ production in the presence and absence of mitogen(p < 0.05). They significantly increased IL-4 and decreased IL-10 secretion by mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes.E. hebecarpa also increased IL-17 release. Conclusion: These results have shown that both extracts possess antitumoractivity by inducing apoptosis, possibly through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. In addition, they induced secretionof different T helper subset related cytokines that are effective in the immune response against cancer.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1979
1988
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88660_23ac78a04a244a1ece21bb7c329aeb32.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1979
The Role of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER2/neu) in the Prognosis of Patients with Gastric Cancer
Mozaffar
Aznab
Department of Internal Medicine,Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Davood
Maleksabet
Shahid
Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
Sdigheh
Khazaei
Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza University Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Mansour
Khazaei
Taleghani University Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
Mansour
Rezaei
Department of Biostatistics, Public Health College, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: Gastric cancer is one of the oncological challenges, and tendency toward target therapy in this cancerhas been increased. Controversy still exists on prognostic value of HER2/neu expression and its relationship withclinicopathological characteristics and survival of gastric cancer patients. In this regard, the present study examinedthe status of HER2/neu in patients with gastric cancer and its prognostic effects. Methods: Pathological samples of 97gastric cancer patients diagnosed over the last 8 or 9 years (from 2008 to the end of 2017) and treated with 5-fluorouracil,Docetaxel, and Cisplatin (TCF) were studied in this investigation. Patients were assigned to two groups according totheir HER2/neu status. First group included patients with positive HER2/neu (Score 3) and second group involvedpatients with negative HER2/neu (Score 0 and 1). Patients were compared in terms of disease stage, survival rate,and mortality. Results: The mean age of patients was 58 years old. There were 75 men and 22 women in this study.In terms of disease stage, 4, 21, 41, and 31 patients were in stage I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Using IHC method,it was found that 27, 23, 25, and 22 patients had HER2/neu expression with score 0, score +1, score 2+ and score+3,respectively. We discovered that expression of positive HER2/neu was associated with male sex. We also observedthat survival and mortality rates following treatment initiation were significantly different between HER2/neu positiveand negative gastric cancer patients (P<0.01). Conclusion: Evaluation of HER2/neu status in gastric cancer patientsshowed that HER2/neu 3+ expression could reduce the patients’ survival. Therefore, it is recommended that patientswho may benefit from trastuzumab, be treated. A clinical multi-center trial should be also considered for use of thisdrug in adjuvant cases.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1989
1994
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88641_3447e1cb26c1dbb23fdc739b6cc6e2d8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1989
Effects of Mangaba (Hancornia speciosa) Fruit Extract Adsorbed onto PEG Microspheres in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Co-Cultured with Blood Cells
Renata Lázara
de Araújo
Post Graduate Program in Material Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso,
Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil.
author
Suiane
Savazzi
Post Graduate Program in Material Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso,
Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil.
author
Mahmi
Fujimori
Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso,
Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil.
author
Alessandra
Deluque
Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso,
Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil.
author
Eduardo Luzia
Honório-França
Post Graduate Program in Material Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso,
Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil.
author
Paula Becker
Pertuzatti Konda
Post Graduate Program in Material Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso,
Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil.
author
Adenilda Cristina
Honório-França
Post Graduate Program in Material Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso,
Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: To evaluate the antitumor effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres with adsorbed Hancorniaspeciosa ethanolic extract (HSEE) on blood mononuclear (MN) cells co-cultured with MCF-7 breast cancer cells.Methods: PEG microspheres were adsorbed with HSEE and examined by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy.MCF-7 and MN cells obtained from volunteer donors were pre-incubated alone or co-cultured (MN and MCF-7cells) for 24 h with or without HSEE, PEG microspheres or PEG adsorbed with HSEE (PEG-HSEE). Cell viability,superoxide release and superoxide dismutase were determined. Results: Fluorescence microscopy showed that PEGmicrospheres were able to absorb HSEE throughout their surface. Irrespective of the treatment, the viability index ofMN cells, MCF-7 and their co-culture was not affected. Superoxide release increased in co-cultured cells treated withHSEE, adsorbed or not onto PEG microspheres. In co-cultured cells, SOD levels in culture supernatant increased inthe treatment with HSEE, adsorbed onto PEG microspheres or not. Conclusion: HSEE has direct effects on MN cellsco-cultured with MCF-7 cells. The results suggest the benefits of Hancornia speciosa fruit consumption by women atrisk of breast cancer. In addition, because PEG-HSEE maintained oxidative balance in co-cultured cells, it is a promisingalternative for the treatment of tumor cells.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
1995
2001
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88637_9e2716c97d35034ec1a29127f0d732f6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.1995
Staging and Response Evaluation to Neo-Adjuvant Chemoradiation in Esophageal Cancers Using 18FDG PET/ CT with Standardized Protocol
Nosheen
Fatima
Section of NM and PET/CT Imaging, Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan.
author
Maseeh uz
Zaman
Section of NM and PET/CT Imaging, Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan.
author
Areeba
Zaman
Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan.
author
Unaiza
Zaman
Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan.
author
Rabia
Tahseen
Department of Radiation Oncology, Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan.
author
Sidra
Zaman
Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Precise staging of esophageal cancer (EC) is important for selection of optimal treatment optionand prognostication. Aim of this study was to assess the role of 18FDG PET/CT in staging and response evaluationto neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCR) in EC patients using standardized imaging protocol. Material and methods:This prospective study was conducted at PET/CT Section of Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi, Pakistan from July 2017 till February 2018. We included 34 biopsy proven EC patients who had 18FDGPET/CT and CT of neck, chest and abdomen as part of initial staging. Eleven patients had post-nCR 18FDG PET/CTusing standardized imaging protocol as per EANM guidelines. CT and PET/CT based staging was compared. Basedon PERCIST criteria, response evaluation was assessed using change in highest SUVmax (%ΔSUVmax) in baselineand follow-up scans (primary lesion, node or extra-nodal metastases). Results: Mean age of cohort was 57 ± 14 years(23 males and 11 females) having adenocarcinoma (AC) in 23 and squamous cell cancer (SCC) in 11 patients. Mean18FDG dose, uptake time and hepatic SUVmean for baseline scans were 169 ±54 MBq, 65 ±10 minute and 1.91 ± 0.49which were within ± 10%, ± 15% and ± 20% for follow-up scans in 11 patients respectively. Mean size (craniocaudaldimension in mm) and SUVmax of primary tumor was 56 ±27 mm and 13.4 ± 4.7. Based on 18FDG PET/CT findings,patients were categorized into N0 (10/34), N1 (09/34), N2 (11/34) and N3 (04/34) while 11/32 had stage IV disease.No significant difference was seen in AC and SCC groups. CT found stage IV disease in 3/34 (09%) while PET/CTfound in 11/34 (32%; p value: 0.019) cases. PET/CT showed concordance with CT in 41% while discordance (allwith upstaging) seen in 59%. On follow-up PET/CT, complete metabolic response was seen in 5/11 (45%) and partialmetabolic response was noted in 6/11 (55% - p value non-significant) patients. Median %ΔSUVmax over primarylesions was 49.84% (-32.69 -100%) while over nodal sites it was 41.18% (-82.60 -100%). Conclusion: We concludethat 18FDG PET/CT was found a sensitive tool in initial staging of EC. Compared with CT, it had higher diagnosticaccuracy for distant nodal and extra-nodal metastasis. %ΔSUVmax between baseline and post-nCR studies acquiredwith standardized protocol had changed management in more than half of our patients. For response evaluation in ECmore studies with standardized 18FDG PET/CT imaging protocols are warranted.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2003
2008
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88628_ba9f2694fbdc9f6352a7f3ea24a38360.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2003
Salivary Level of Trace Element in Oral Lichen Planus, A Premalignant Condition
Fahimeh
Rezazadeh
Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
author
Sadaf
Salehi
Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
author
Mostafa
Rezaee
Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a common inflammatory disease of unknown cause that knows alsoas a premalignant condition. Recent studies contributed nutritional factors to the pathogenesis of many autoimmunedisorders. Objective: The aim of present study was to investigate the salivary levels of Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca),Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) in this disorder. Materials and Methods: In this observational case-control study,the unstimulated saliva of 40 patients with OLP and 40 age and sex matched healthy control subjects were collected.The salivary levels of Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn and Cu were determined using ICP-AES. Results: Mg levels were significantlylower in OLP patients than in healthy controls, although it didn’t differ significantly between erosive and non-erosivetypes of Lichen Planus. Also there was no meaningful relationship between the levels of Ca, Fe, Zn and Cu in case andcontrol groups. Conclusion: Trace elements such as Mg may have a role in ethiopathogenesis of OLP.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2009
2013
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88631_ff8f565530f3ce2a9614037e613445d1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2009
Global Trend of Breast Cancer Mortality Rate: A 25-Year Study
Nasrindokht
Azamjah
Department of Administrative Science, Faculty of Shariaty, Tehran Branch, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran.
author
Yasaman
Soltan-Zadeh
Department of Information Studies, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
author
Farid
Zayeri
Proteomics Research Center and Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death for women worldwide. In the past twodecades, published epidemiological reports in different parts of the world show significant increase in breast cancermortality rate. The aim of this study was to determine the 25-year trend of breast cancer mortality rate in 7 super regionsdefined by the Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), i.e. Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa and Middle East, SouthAsia, Southeast Asia and East Asia and Oceania, Latin America and Caribbean, Central Europe and Eastern Europe andCentral Asia, High-income. Methods: Our study population consisted of 195 world countries in the IHME pre-definedseven super regions. The age-standardized mortality rates from 1990 to 2015 were extracted from the IHME site. Thereference life table for calculating mortality rates was constructed based on the lowest estimated age-specific mortalityrates from all locations with populations over 5 million in the 2015 iteration of GBD. To determine the trend of breastcancer mortality rate, a generalized linear mixed model was fitted separately for each IHME region and super region.Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant increase for breast cancer mortality rate in all super regions, exceptfor High-income super region. For total world countries, the mean breast cancer mortality rate was 13.77 per 100,000in 1990 and the overall slope of mortality rate was 0.7 per 100,000 from 1990 to 2015. The results showed that LatinAmerica and Caribbean the highest increasing trend of breast cancer mortality rate during the years 1990 to 2015 (1.48per 100,000). Conclusion: In general, our finding showed a significant increase in breast cancer mortality rate in theworld during the past 25 years, which could be due to increase in incidence and prevalence of this cancer. Low thisincreasing trend is an alarm for health policy makers in all countries, especially in developing countries and low-incomeregions which experienced sharp slopes of breast cancer mortality rate.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2015
2020
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88661_5d5b0cd7e925afebbe469524afd9f19b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2015
Comparison of Life-Time Death Probability due to Malignant Tumors in Different Regions of China Based on Chinese Surveillance Sites
Ping
Yuan
Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China.
author
Tie-Hui
Chen
Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China.
author
Xiu-Quan
Lin
Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, China.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: To estimate and comparably analyze the life-time death probability (LDP) caused by malignant tumorsin different regions in 2004 and 2014. Methods: LDP was calculated by a probability additive formula and based on anabridged life table. Data on age-specific mortality was obtained from the National Cause-of- Death Surveillance Datasetin 2014 using surveillance sites in China and data on age-specific mortality was collected from the third retrospectiveinvestigation of death cause in China in 2004. Results: LDP caused by malignant tumors, lung cancer, gastric cancer,liver cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal, and anal cancer were 19.2%, 5.6%, 2.8%, 2.8%, 1.7%, 1.3%, respectively. Inaddition, we calculated LDP caused by malignant tumors in three different regions of China. LDP caused by malignanttumors were 21.2%, 6.1%, 3.1%, 2.8%, 2.0%, and 1.5% in the eastern region, were 18.3%, 5.5%, 2.7%, 3.0%, 1.5%,and 1.1% in the central region, and were 16.7%, 4.6%, 2.3%, 2.8%, 1.6%, and 1.2% in the western region, respectively.Additionally, LDP caused by malignant tumors in 2004 and 2015 were compared. We found that LDPs caused bymalignant tumors, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer have increased in the past decade, while LDPs caused by gastriccancer, liver cancer, and esophageal cancer have experienced a decreasing trend. Conclusions: Malignant tumorswere still the main cause of death in one’s life time, giving rise to LDP. LDP caused by malignant tumours has twodivisions. First, traditional upper digestive system cancers related to long-term chronic infection, such as esophagealcancer, gastric cancer, and liver cancer, which has shown a significant downward trend. Second, lung and colorectalcancers related to the environmental factors and lifestyle, which are on the rise.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2021
2025
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88639_d073b67304e9362be1e93bcd76302f88.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2021
Effectiveness of School based Awareness Programmes against Tobacco among Users and Non- Users– A Cross- Sectional Study from Rural Kerala, India
Radhakrishnan
Jayakrishnan
Division of Community Oncology,
Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
author
Jagathnath Krishna
Kumara Pillai Mohanan Nair
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
author
Geetha
Seema
Department of Periodontics, Sri Sankara Dental College, Vennicode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
author
Gigi
Thomas
Division of Community Oncology,
Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
author
Paul
Sebastian
Former Director, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Known is the fact that adult tobacco users mostly had their initiation into the habit during the adolescence period. The current study was conducted to evaluate the impact of awareness programmes among adolescent students in rural Kerala, India, in terms of knowledge enhancement on tobacco hazards. Methods: A total of 10 high schools and higher secondary schools from one educational sub district were selected using multi stage sampling design. Male students in the age group 13-19 years studying in class IX and X (high school category) and class XI and XII (higher secondary school) were included in the study. The effectiveness was assessed using pre and post training evaluation forms based on mean knowledge scores. Results: 1,114 students participated by filling both the forms (mean age 15.6, SD 1.3). The response rate was 92.8%. The prevalence of ‘current users’ in the study was 4.3% (95% CI 3.11- 5.49). Overall difference in mean knowledge scores among study subjects was evident when pre and post training responses were compared (p<0.001). The difference in knowledge scores was evident among ‘never users’ of tobacco before and after the awareness programmes (p<0.0001). However, no significant difference in mean scores was observed among ‘ever users’ of tobacco (p = 0.584), age groups of ever users (p=0.208), students of high schools (p = 0.242) and higher secondary schools (p= 0.994). Comparison of never, ever and current users revealed significant difference between ‘never’ and ‘current’ users (p = 0.001). However, no such difference was observed between ‘ever’ and ‘current’ users (p =0.138) and ‘ever’ versus ‘never’ users (p =0.099). Conclusion: The study was useful to improve knowledge among school students in general. However, newer strategies have to be tested to understand the best possible measures for tobacco awareness training among adolescent tobacco users.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2027
2032
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88627_55a0a98e18e040a275bfe1d74d56863a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2027
Growth Hormone (GH) Improvement of Ovarian Responses and Pregnancy Outcome in Poor Ovarian Responders: A Randomized Study
Leyli
Safdarian
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Marzieh
Aghahosseini
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Ashraf
Alyasin
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Atefeh
Samaei Nouroozi
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Sahar
Rashidi
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Maryam
Shabani Nashtaei
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Ayda
Najafian
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Parvane
lak
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Recent evidence has emphasized growth hormone benefits in increasing the ovarian response and improving thepregnancy rate in poor responders (POR), caused by aging, ovarian surgery, chemotherapy and other reasons, undergoingIVF/ICSI. The most important factor in the treatment of POR patients is the quality and quantity of oocytes followingovarian stimulation; thus, efforts should be made to provide opportunities for young patients to improve their fertilityand ovarian responses. The use of GH in these patients may offer a promising aid to successful fertility.In the presentsingle-blinded clinical trial, POR patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three regimens: (A) Gonadotropin,a GnRH antagonist and GH from the eighth day of the cycle for about 5 days (n = 34); (B) Gonadotropin, a GnRHantagonist and GH from the third day of the previous cycle for about 20 days (n = 32); and (C) Gonadotropin, a GnRHantagonist, and a placebo from the eight day of the cycle for about 5 days (n = 26). Oocyte quality and pregnancy rateswere compared across the three groups. A significantly lower number of collected oocytes, MII oocytes, fertilizedoocytes, transferred embryos, and clinical pregnancy rate in the placebo group was noted as compared to the twoexperimental groups receiving GH. Live clinical pregnancies in B group were significantly greater than in the othergroups. Our results together indicate that GH may play an important role in recruitment of dominant follicles andenhance follicular survival and the cell proliferation leading to high- quality embryos. Accordingly,
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2033
2037
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88655_c86121bfe34aef3381322e29b85de543.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2033
Evaluating the Incidence Rate of an Accelerated Short Course High Dose Rate Intravaginal Brachytherapy Complications in Patients with Endometrial Cancer
Farnaz
Amouzegar Hashemi
Radiation Oncology Research Center (RORC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Zakieh
Vesgari Kiasari
Radiation Oncology Research Center (RORC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Bita
Kalaghchi
Radiation Oncology Research Center (RORC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Mahdi
Aghili
Radiation Oncology Research Center (RORC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Soraya
Gholami
Physics Department of Radiation Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Sepideh
Mansouri
Radiation Oncology Research Center (RORC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Sepand
Moalej
Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA.
author
Afsaneh
Maddah Safaei
Radiation Oncology Research Center (RORC), Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Brachytherapy in treatment of endometrial cancer patients is growing and therefore, evaluation ofmore feasible schedule has become of great importance. The purpose of current study was to evaluate the complicationsof accelerated short course high dose rate intravaginal brachytherapy (HDR IVB), a new brachytherapy approachwhich is a more feasible treatment option in developing countries. Method: From 2017 to 2018, 54 patients diagnosedwith endometrial cancer and FIGO stages IA to IIB who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with a bilateralsalpingo-oophorectomy were enrolled in present study. They were treated with a total dose of 25 Gy in 5 fractionswhich was prescribed daily. A dose of 5 Gy was prescribed at a depth of 0.5 cm in the upper third and middle thirdof vagina. Adverse effects related to organs at risk consist of bladder, vagina and rectum were documented based onthe Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 (CTCAE v3.0). Results: The accelerated short courseHDR IVB was well tolerated and no grade 3 or higher toxicities was reported for patients during the follow up period.There were no chronic rectal toxicities and only one patient showed chronic urinary toxicities. However, the incidencerate of vaginal toxicities at the end of 4-month and 8-month follow up periods was higher than acute toxicities andsignificantly lower in elderly group compared to younger group. Conclusion: Overall, the accelerated HDR IVB wassafe and was well tolerated in endometrial cancer patients and the incidence rate of undue complications were equal,if not less, in elderly patients compared to the younger ones.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2039
2043
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88629_155a01012b13623c45f56d359c598ff2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2039
Awareness, Knowledge and Attitudes of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) among Private University Students- Malaysia Perspective
Vincensa Nicko
Widjaja
School of Biosciences, Taylor’s University, Selangor, Malaysia.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: Assess and analyse the awareness, knowledge, and attitudes of university students regarding HPV andits vaccine. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed with questionnaire serving as the research instrument.A total of 425 university students were recruited voluntarily. Thirteen assessable questions were analysed to revealthe mean total knowledge score of HPV and its vaccine. Both descriptive and statistical approach were employedto analyse the research outcomes. Results: Students were moderately aware as 59.8% and 49.6% have heard aboutHPV and its vaccine, respectively. The mean total knowledge score was 5.26 ± 3.10 out of 13 which was found to bemoderately knowledgeable. Female (N= 235) have a significantly higher mean knowledge score in comparison to male(N= 190) at 5.58 ± 2.80 versus 4.87 ± 3.40, respectively (p<0.05), likely due to the disease profiles favouring female.As hypothesised, health-related school students (N= 171) outperformed other schools (N= 254) at 7.00 ± 2.95 versus4.10 ± 2.62, respectively (p<0.001). In general, the score depends on participant’s gender and educational background(χ2= 25.426, peducational talk refinement are therefore essential in controlling the disease by spreading awareness.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2045
2050
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88630_359e31b776ae8ac6feeeb3ba66dd11e5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2045
Clinical Predictors of Laryngeal Preservation Rate in Stage III-IV Laryngeal Cancer and Hypopharyngeal Cancer Patients Treated with Organ Preservation
Kanograt
Tangsriwong
Department of Radiation Oncology,
Rajavithi Hospital, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand.
author
Tastsanachart
Jitreetat
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rajavithi Hospital, College of
Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Purpose: To determine factors affecting laryngeal preservation rate in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patientstreated with organ preservation. Material and Methods: Retrospective study examining stage III to IV laryngeal andhypopharyngeal cancer patients who have been treated with organ preservation. Conventional radiation must be appliedin all patients with minimum dose of 45 Gray. Weekly or triweekly chemotherapy can be adding during radiation. Salvagesurgery should be considered in residual disease or local recurrence. Kaplan-Meier was used for survival analysis and,Log rank test and Cox proportional hazard test were used for uni and multivariate analysis. Results: From January2010 to October 2014, there were 69 patients treated with laryngeal preservation and 53 patients received radiationdose 61-70 Gray. After completing radiation, we found that 44 patients have no residual tumor within 6 months and33 patients can preserve their functional larynx later with complete response (median follow up 6 mo, range 0-46.3mo). The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year laryngeal preservation rate was 49%, 36 % and 32 % respectively. On univariateanalysis, lower nodal stage (p = 0.008), stage III disease (p = 0.046), tumor volume cord involvement (p = 0.016), dose 61-70 Gray (p < 0.001) and no interruption of treatment (p = 0.017) have betterlaryngeal preservation rates. ECOG performance status 2, higher nodal stage, stage IV, presence of true vocal cordinvolvement, upper airway obstruction before/during radiation and radiation dose below 61-70 Gray had an effect onworse overall survival when evaluated with univariate analysis statistical significance. Conclusion: For factors thataffected laryngeal preservation in our study were nodal stage, group stage, tumor volume, true vocal cord involvement,radiation dose and treatment break time more than one week with statistical significance.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2051
2057
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88646_1dc507b127bf166cd67c5f3b64131959.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2051
Human Papillomavirus Genotyping among Different Cervical Smears in Duhok/Iraq
Intisar Salim
Pity
Department of Pathology,College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Iraq.
author
Hanaa Mohammed
Abdo
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Iraq.
author
Amer Abdalla
Goreal
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Iraq.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background/Objective: Cervical cancer ranks the second among the most common gynecologic cancers. This studywas established to determine the distribution of cervical HPV genotypes among different Pap readings in Duhok/Iraq.Methods: Between January and September-2016, HPV-DNA was tested in 64 women. Genotyping was carried out bythe hybridization reverse blot technique. Cervical smears were taken, performed by ThinPrep technique and stained byPap stain. Results: Twenty six (40.6%) cases were positive for HPV, 12 (46.2%) in normal and 14 (53.8%) in abnormalPap smears. 39 (19 high-risk and 16 low-risk) genotypes were identified. The high risk group comprised 6 HPV16, 4HPV18, 2 HPV66, 2 HPV52, 2 HPV39, 1 HPV56, 1 HPV31 and 1 HPV45. The 16 low risk strains encompassed 4HPV6 strains, 4 HPV71, 2 HPV54 and 2 HPV83, HPV11, HPV61 HPV84, and HPV62. Mixed infections were describedin 4 women (6.25%), limited to the NILM, ASC-US and LSIL smears. They included variable admixtures of 7 highrisk genotypes, HPV39 (both copies), HPV66 (both copies), HPV52, HPV31, HPV45 and 6 low risk strains: HPV83,HPV6, HPV11, HPV54, HPV62 and HPV71. Conclusions: The higher frequency of HR-HPV than the LR-HPV withidentification of 4 mixed cases indicates that our women are at risk of developing cervical cancer. Detection of HR-HPVin NILM and ASC-US smears with restriction of some strains to these 2 categories highlights the great value of HPVgenotyping as a surrogate test to pick up unscreened women at risk of developing cervical malignancy particularlywhen a proper screening program is absent.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2059
2064
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88632_ef0def28c6f666f42c85e5b7cf053f45.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2059
Genetic Variations in VDR could Modulate the Efficacy of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Total Antioxidant Capacity among Breast Cancer Women: A Randomized Double Blind Controlled Trial
Houra
Mohseni
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Reza
Amani
Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Seyed Ahmad
Hosseini
Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Alireza
Ekrami
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Ahmad
Ahmadzadeh
Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
Seyed Mahmoud
Latifi
Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Low levels of vitamin D are found in a great part of breast cancer women. Study subjects using vitaminD3 supplement had lower rates of cancers and fewer markers of inflammation. Additionally, recent studies demonstratethe power of vitamin D supplementation to lower inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers associate with VDRpolymorphism to reduce inflammation. This study was aimed to assess the impact of vitamin D3 supplementation onthe serum concentration of inflammatory markers and antioxidant capacity with regard to VDR polymorphism in theVDR gene in breast cancer women. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 56breast cancer women. Participants were assigned to 2 treatment arms: placebo and vitamin D3 for 2 months intervention.Supplementation group received 50,000 IU of vitamin weekly. Blood samples were collected at baseline and afterthe intervention to measure the 25(OH) D3, TNF-α, TGF- β and TAC. Genotyping was performed for FokI, BsmI, ApaI,and TaqI polymorphism. Results: After eight weeks supplementation, the intervention group showed a significant increasein the serum concentration of 25(OH) D3 (28±2.6 to 39±3.5; p=0.004 and TAC (48.9±13.3 to 63.5±13.3; p= 0.017).Changes in TNF-α, TGF- β1 were not significant. Serum TAC levels of participants with the TT/Tt, Ff genotypes weremore responsive to supplementation. Conclusions: Supplementation with a vitamin D3 increased the TAC in breastcancer women, although it had no effect on inflammatory markers. Serum TAC in the TT/Tt, Ff were more responsive tovitamin D supplement compared with those with the FF/ff and tt genotypes.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2065
2072
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88647_7c2f25fdbf962785a9c4774944f38890.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2065
Pulsatility Index and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Expression Predict the Clinical Response after External Radiation in Patients with Stage IIB to IVA Cervical Cancer
I Gde Sastra
Winata
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.
author
Yudi Mulyana
Hidayat
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.
author
Gatot Nyarumenteng
Winarno
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.
author
Dodi
Suardi
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.
author
Setiawan
Soetopo
Deparment of Radiotherapy, dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.
author
Ketut
Suwiyoga
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanglah Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: To evaluate the ability of pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and hypoxia induciblefactor-1α (HIF-1α) expression in predicting the clinical response after radiation in patients with cervical cancer.Methods: A prospective cohort was carried on in Department of Obstetric and Gynecology Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, during the period of July 2017 to March 2018 which include 51 sampleswith stage IIB to IVA cervical cancer. Tumor perfusion and oxygenation were evaluated using color Doppler ultrasoundindices (pulsatility index and resistance index) and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). The clinicalresponse was assessed 2 months after external radiation. Result: Among 51 patients, 31 patients demonstrated goodresponse and 20 patients demonstrated poor response to radiation. The mean value of PI was significantly lower in patients who demonstrated good response as compared to patients with poor response (0.84±0.916 vs. 1.70±1.260, p = 0.004). The mean value of RI did not differ significantly (0.29±0.112 vs. to 0.36±0.189 p =0.173). HIF-1α expression was significantly lower in patients who demonstrated good response as compared to patients with poor response (1.83±1.529 vs. 6.55±2.625, p = 0.0001). In multivariate model, PI and HIF-1α expression both predicted the clinical response after radiation. Conclusion: PI and HIF-1α expression predict the clinical response after radiation in patients with cervical cancer.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2073
2078
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88658_38e5233b225c3effe7899e47ea59dd57.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2073
Platelet Function Tests and Inflammatory Markers for the Differentiation of Primary Thrombocytosis and Secondary Thrombocytosis
Piyapong
Kanya
Department of Internal Medicine, Chiang Rai Prachanukroh Hospital, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
author
Ekarat
Rattarittamrong
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
author
Ornkamon
Wongtakan
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
author
Thanawat
Rattanathammethee
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
author
Chatree
Chai-Adisaksopha
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
author
Adisak
Tantiworawit
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
author
Lalita
Norrasethada
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: The prognosis and management of primary thrombocytosis (PT) and secondary thrombocytosis (ST)are different. This study aims to evaluate the role of platelet function tests by light transmission platelet aggregometry(LTA), plasma von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), ristocetin cofactor activity (vWF:RCo) and inflammatorymarkers [erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)] for the differentiation between PT and ST.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in patients with platelet counts greater than 450 x 109/L. Primaryoutcomes were the sensitivity and specificity of platelet function tests by LTA for the differentiation of PT and ST.Secondary outcomes were sensitivity and specificity of ESR, CRP, vWF:Ag, and vWF:RCo for the differentiation ofPT and ST. Results: Fifty-two patients were enrolled onto the study of which 26 (50%) had PT. The sensitivity andspecificity of epinephrine, collagen, and arachidonic acid (AA) induced abnormal LTA for the differentiation of PTfrom ST were sensitivity of 50%, 38.5%, 26.9% and specificity of 88.5%, 100%, 100% respectively. The sensitivityand specificity of abnormal ESR, CRP, and either abnormal ESR or CRP in the differentiation of ST from PT weresensitivity of 88.5%, 80.8%, 100% and specificity of 65.4%, 61.5%, 46.2% respectively. The sensitivity and specificityof low vWF:Ag and vWF:RCo in the differentiation of PT from ST were sensitivity of 7.69%, 42.3% and specificity of100%, 88.5% respectively. Conclusions: Abnormal platelet function determined by LTA with collagen, AA, epinephrinehad high specificity ratings enabling the differentiation between PT and ST. vWF:RCo, ESR and CRP levels could behelpful in differentiating between PT and ST.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2079
2085
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88645_0ae6ed9fcccadd31ee2e3103a0a8c534.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2079
Salivary Tumour Necrosis Factor-α as a Biomarker in Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Deepthi
G
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospitals, Hyderabad, India.
author
S R K
Nandan
Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Telangana, India.
author
Pavan G
Kulkarni
Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Pathology, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Telangana, India.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Oral cancer is one of the life threatening disease which requires an availability of a biomarker for itsearly detection and also for effective treatment strategies. The current study is done to evaluate the efficacy of one suchbiomarker i.e. TNF- α as an indicator for oral precancer and oral cancer. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Tumournecrosis factor - alpha (TNF)-α as a salivary biomarker in histopathologically diagnosed cases of oral leukoplakia andOral squamous cell carcinoma. To correlate the levels of TNF- α with varying histologic grading in Oral SquamousCell Carcinoma and dysplasia grading in Oral leukoplakia or Hyperkeratosis. Materials and Methods: The studygroup included 90 subjects that were divided into three groups. OSCC (n=30), leukoplakia (n=30) and controls (n=30).Cases were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Salivary samples were then collected fromall three groups. Salivary levels of TNF-α were estimated using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Thedata on concentration gradients obtained were subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. Results: The results of thepresent study demonstrated higher levels of salivary TNF-α in individuals with OSCC compared to leukoplakia andhealthy control subjects with a high level of statistical significance. ROC curve analysis along with diagnostic parametercalculation also revealed that salivary TNF-α to be a better medium for detecting OSCC. There is also an increase inthe salivary TNF-α levels with increase in the histological grade of differentiation in OSCC as well as leukoplakia.Conclusion: The present study concludes that salivary TNF – α can be used as a prognostic biomarker of OSCC. Inview of the elevated levels of TNF – α in saliva of individuals with severe dysplasia, it can also be used to monitor themalignant transformation to leukoplakia to OSCC.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2087
2093
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88635_44291e539b79fbeb716472fabc050da9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2087
Brain Tumour Segmentation Using Convolutional Neural Network with Tensor Flow
M
Malathi
Saveetha Engineering College,Chennai, India.
author
P
Sinthia
Saveetha Engineering College,Chennai, India.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Introduction: The determination of tumour extent is a major challenging task in brain tumour planning andquantitative evaluation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the non-invasive technique has emanated asa front- line diagnostic tool for brain tumour without ionizing radiation. Objective: Among brain tumours, gliomasare the most common aggressive, leading to a very short life expectancy in their highest grade. In the clinical practicemanual segmentation is a time consuming task and their performance is highly depended on the operator’s experience.Methods: This paper proposes fully automatic segmentation of brain tumour using convolutional neural network.Further, it uses high grade gilomas brain image from BRATS 2015 database. The suggested work accomplishesbrain tumour segmentation using tensor flow, in which the anaconda frameworks are used to implement high levelmathematical functions. The survival rates of patients are improved by early diagnosis of brain tumour. Results: Hence,the research work segments brain tumour into four classes like edema, non-enhancing tumour, enhancing tumour andnecrotic tumour. Brain tumour segmentation needs to separate healthy tissues from tumour regions such as advancingtumour, necrotic core and surrounding edema. This is an essential step in diagnosis and treatment planning, both ofwhich need to take place quickly in case of a malignancy in order to maximize the likelihood of successful treatment.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2095
2101
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88648_b3994a856b9a19db10e187e90610c1f3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2095
Association of PIK3CA and MDM2 SNP309 with Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Philippine Population
Ourlad Alzeus G
Tantengco
College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.
author
Yukiko
Nakura
Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan.
author
Michinobu
Yoshimura
Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan.
author
Erlidia F
Llamas-Clark
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines-Philippines General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.
author
Itaru
Yanagihara
Department of Developmental Medicine, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: PIK3CA and MDM2 SNP309 have been studied to be associated with cervical cancer. PIK3CA mutationis associated with poor treatment response and low survival rate while MDM2 is associated with tumorigenesis andpoor prognosis in cervical cancer. Thus, we determined the prevalence of PIK3CA and MDM2 mutations in Filipinocervical cancer patients. Methods: Twenty-eight formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical squamous cell carcinomaand 16 non-malignant cervix tissue biopsies of Filipino patients were subjected to PIK3CA gene and MDM2 SNP309(rs2279744) analysis. Results: PIK3CA gene was found mutated in three (10.71 %) out of 28 cervical cancer patientsincluded in this study. Among the HPV-negative cervical cancer patients, two (28.57 %) were positive for PIK3CAmutation and only one (4.76 %) tested positive among the HPV-positive cervical cancer patients. MDM2 SNP309analysis revealed that T allele (71.43%) was more common in cervical cancer patients compared to the control group.TG genotype (p = 0.03; OR = 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.76) was associated with lower rates of cervical cancer when TTgenotype was used as a reference point. Conclusion: PIK3CA gene mutation was present among Filipino cervicalcancer patients and not in control patients. MDM2 SNP309 analysis revealed that TG genotype has lower associationto cervical cancer when compared with the TT and GG genotypes.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2103
2107
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88656_9633679247ae46b5bb5c7e261f44f8ce.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2103
Imunophenotypic Evaluation as a Tool for Monitoring Risks for Blood Malignancies in Gas Station Workers
Fabio
Santiago
Laboratory of Circulating Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
author
Simone
Lima
Laboratory of Circulating Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
author
Susani
Antunes
Laboratory of Circulating Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
author
Rafaele Tavares
Silvestre
Laboratory of Circulating Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
author
Luciano Rios
Scherrer
Kennedy College, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
author
Gilda
Alves
Laboratory of Circulating Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
author
Marilza de M
Ribeiro- Carvalho
Laboratory of Circulating Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
author
Maria Helena
Ornellas
Laboratory of Circulating Markers, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Gas station workers are exposed to carcinogenic substances with impact on the hematologic andimmune systems. The aim was to apply the immunophenotyping as a tool in the biological monitoring. Methods: Thisis a workplace-based case-control study with 49 workers and 26 controls. Medical interviews, hematological exams,and immunophenotyping analyses were performed. According to risk behavior (cleaning flannel and mistrust in theautomatic fuel supply) the workers were divided into two groups: low risk (group 1) and high risk (group 2). Results:The results showed that CD16, HLA-DR, CD25, CD56+, CD16 CD56low, and CD56high expressions were higherin workers when compared to the control group (P =0.020, P =0.001, P =0.001; P =0.034, P=0.023, and P =0.008,respectively). The expressions of CD2, CD8, CD10, CD8low, and CD4/CD8 ratios were lower (P =0.016, P =0.001,P=0.001, P= 0.017, P = 0.0259, and P =0.029, respectively). Headache and paresthesia complaints were associatedwith workers when compared to the control group (OR = 4.091, 95% CI, 1.400 -11.951, P = 0.014; OR =12.12, 95%CI, 1.505 - 97.61, P =0.004). Using cleaning flannel and mistrust in the automatic fuel supply (risk behaviors) wereassociated with group 2 (OR = 9.71, 95% CI, 2.60-36.26, P = 0.005; OR = 18.18, 95% CI, 2.04-161.37, P = 0.004).Conclusions: The results strengthen the worker’s immunosuppression hypothesis, which may contribute to somedisorders and the carcinogenesis process. The evaluation of the immune system by flow cytometry is a promising toolfor monitoring blood malignancy risk in addition to regular classic hematological exams.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2109
2115
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88663_56272f7f872f6f489daf56a293121376.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2109
Anticancer Activities of Ricin-Liposome Complexes on SKMEL-28 Cells
Nguyen Thi
Bich Loan
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Vietnam.
author
Ngo Ngoc
Trung
Institute of Chemistry and Environment, High Command of Chemistry, Ministry of National Defense, Vietnam.
author
Nguyen Thi
Le Na
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Vietnam.
author
Nguyen Dinh
Thang
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Vietnam.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Ricin has been reported as a potential chemical for cancer treatment. However, so far, the applicationof ricin in cancer treatment is very limited because of its non-specificity. Methods: In this study, ricin were conjugated/encapsulated with DOTAP/DOPE liposome to form ricin-liposome complexes (ricin-lipososme1, ricin-liposome2,ricin-liposome3 and ricin-liposome4). Characteristics of ricin-liposome complexes were analyzed and their effects onsurvival, apoptosis, migration, invasion and tumor formation of SKMEL-28 melanoma cells were examined by carryingout the MTT assay, apoptosis assay, scratch wound healing assay, invasion assay and soft-agar colony formation assay,respectively. Results: Ricin-liposome complexes had even size-distribution with average size of around 340 nm. Thesericin-liposome complexes were able to penetrate into the cells via endocytosis with the highest ability of the ricinliposome3.It also showed that ricin-liposome3 expressed very high toxicity with the IC50 of 62.4 ng/mL and followedby ricin-liposome4 (286.4 mg/mL), ricin-liposome2 (417.5 ng/mL), and ricin-liposome1 (604.3 ng/mL) to SKMEL-28cells at 36 hours post treatment. At the concentrations of IC10 (10.1 ng/mL), ricin-liposome3 strongly induced necrosisand apoptosis of SKMEL-28 cells up to 25.6% and 11.4%, respectively. Moreover, ricin-liposome3 expressed greatanticancer properties by decreasing the migration, invasion and tumor formation abilities of SKMEL-28 cells of 7.5folds, 4.3 folds and 5.9 folds, respectively, compared with those of control SKMEL-28 cells. Conclusion: The obtainedresults from our study suggest that although ricin is listed as one of the most poisonous substances in nature, it can beused in the complex forms with liposome to increase its specificity to apply in treatment of melanoma and other cancers.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2117
2123
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88649_73cfd9a1f61519d0ea8bb487c7669e3d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2117
Tissue P16 is Associated with Smoking Status among Indonesian Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Subjects
Laila
Wahyuningsih
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
author
Ery Kus
Dwianingsih
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
author
Erika Diana
Risanti
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Surakarta, Indonesia.
author
Prijono
Tirtoprodjo
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
author
Hanggoro Tri
Rinonce
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
author
Fikar Arsyad
Hakim
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FK-KMK UGM), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
author
Camelia
Herdini
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, FK-KMK UGM, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
author
Jajah
Fachiroh
Department of Histology and Cell Biology, FK-KMK UGM, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy with high incidence in Southern China andSouth-East Asia. NPC incidence among males in Indonesia is estimated around 8.3/100,000 populations. Tobaccosmoking is a common risk factor for cancer, including NPC. P16 is one of the key proteins related to the activation ofapoptotic pathways, that commonly change during carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis is often related to environmentalexposure, including tobacco smoke. Objective: To analyze the association between P16 protein and smoking statusamong NPC subjects in Indonesia. Methods: Forty formalin fixed-paraffin embedded NPC tissue samples of knownsmoking status (20 smokers, 20 non-smokers) were collected from the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. SardjitoHospital, Yogyakarta. P16 was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. German semi-quantitative scoring systemwas applied to the P16 staining. Expression index with the score of 0 to 3 was classified as negative staining, meanwhile4 to 12 was classified as positive staining. The association between P16 (score) and smoking status among NPC patientswas analyzed using Fischer exact test. One-sided p ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Allsamples were Javanese males, with age range 25-76 years old. P16 positive staining among smokers was 5% (1/20),while among non-smokers was 40% (8/20). P16 among smokers was significantly lower than non-smokers patients(p=0.010). No difference was found between quantity of smoke and P16 score. Conclusion : A significant associationbetween P16 and smoking status in Indonesian NPC patients has been revealed. The result of this study may be usedto improve prevention and management of NPC cases related to smoking habit in Indonesia.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2125
2130
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88657_d518b6138bea3bd0b163aef663cd959f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2125
The Economic Burden of Breast Cancer Survivors in Korea: A Descriptive Study Using a 26-Month Micro-Costing Cohort Approach
Chang Hoon
You
Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea.
author
Sungwook
Kang
Department of Public Health, Daegu Haany University, 1 Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Korea.
author
Young Dae
Kwon
Department of Humanities and Social
Medicine, College of Medicine and Catholic Institute for Healthcare Management, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpodaero,
Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: This study analyzed the burden of cancer treatment costs on patients by calculating the monthlyamount of medical expenses paid by breast cancer patients for two years after mastectomy. Methods: Among thosewho were diagnosed with breast cancer and had received treatment at one of two academic medical centers in Seoulbetween 2003 and 2011, 1,087 patients who underwent mastectomy and received follow-up for at least two yearswere recruited. A micro-costing approach from the provider’s perspective, based on a retrospective review of patientmedical claim records, was used to analyze cancer treatment cost of care. The cohort’s number of hospitalizations,total hospitalization duration, and number of outpatient visits were noted, and the total amount of medical expenses,out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures, uninsured costs, and OOP ratio were calculated. Results: The total amount ofmedical expenses tended to increase by year, whereas the OOP expenditure ratio decreased. The OOP expenditureratio was highest in the first month post-operation. Around one quarter of the total OOP payments incurred over thecourse of three months: one month before the operation, the month of the operation, and one month post-operation.Conclusion: OOP payment burden on patients was concentrated in the initial phase of treatment, and items not coveredby the National Health Insurance caused an additional increase in patients’ burden in the initial phase. The economicburden of cancer treatment varies considerably. In order to alleviate patients’ medical expenses burden, the timing ofexpenditures and the possible financial burden on cancer survivors, they should be understood more fully and possiblyaddressed in interventions aimed at reducing the cancer burden.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2131
2137
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88650_158f9758d9aafd148a2be89dc73b99b8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2131
A Comparison of Cytomorphological Features of ASC-H Cells Based on Histopathological Results Obtained from a Colposcopic Target Biopsy Immediately after Pap smear Sampling
Hiromi
Hata
Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, 181-8621, Tokyo, Japan.
author
Kaori
Okayama
School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Gunma Paz University, 1-7-1 Tonyamachi, Takasaki-shi, 370-0006, Gunma, Japan.
author
Junko
Iijima
Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, 181-8621, Tokyo, Japan.
author
Koji
Teruya
Department of Health and welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, 181-8621, Tokyo, Japan.
author
Natsuko
Shiina
ILABO Cyto STD Laboratory, Inc., 560-6 Shimoonkata, Hachiouji-shi, 192-0154 Tokyo, Japan.
author
Timothy
Caniz
ILABO Cyto STD Laboratory, Inc., 560-6 Shimoonkata, Hachiouji-shi, 192-0154 Tokyo, Japan.
author
Yasuyoshi
Ishii
Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, 3-6-5 Iidabashi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0072, Tokyo, Japan.
author
Masahiko
Fujii
Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, 3-6-5 Iidabashi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0072, Tokyo, Japan.
author
Mizue
Oda
Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, 3-6-5 Iidabashi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0072, Tokyo, Japan.
author
Mitsuaki
Okodo
Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, 181-8621, Tokyo, Japan.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: To compare the cytomorphological features of atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-gradesquamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) observed in a liquid-based Pap smear with the histopathological featuresobserved in a concurrent colposcopic biopsy specimen obtained immediately after obtaining the Pap smear. Methods:Cytomorphological features such as cytoplasmic differentiation, nuclear/cytoplasm (N/C) ratio, chromatin pattern,thickening of nuclear contour, and the appearance of the nucleolus of 247 ASC-H obtained from 25 liquid-based Papsmear ASC-H cases were compared with those of the cells obtained from biopsied samples. Human papillomavirus(HPV) infection was tested for 39 HPV genotypes using Uniplex E6/E7 polymerase chain reaction method. Results:Of the 25 ASC-H cases, 22 (88%) showed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 or greater (CIN1+) and 3 (12%)were benign. HPV infection was detected in 100% CIN1+ cases and 66.7% benign cases. Significant differences such asmarked hyperchromasia, thickened nuclear contour, and prominent nucleoli were observed between ASC-H cases withCIN1+ and the benign cases. Conclusion: The presence of small dysplastic cells displaying marked hyperchromasia,thickening of nuclear contour, and prominent nucleoli on Pap smear strongly suggest the presence of CIN in ASC-H cases.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2139
2143
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88634_f5ce14616b98109300a77e44b7289e18.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2139
Evaluation of Protein Profiling in a Cohort of Egyptian Population with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Benign Kidney Neoplasms
Noha Said
Kandil
Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
Rasha Abdelmawla
Ghazala
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
Rania Mohamed
El Sharkawy
Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
Tamer Abou
Youssif
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
Noha
Noha Abouseda
Department
of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Abdominal imaging leads to the detection of a large number of renal tumors without the ability to distinguish thetype of tumor detected. It is necessary to find a precise way to know the type of tumor to determine the appropriatetreatment. The use of urine samples for detecting new biomarkers especially proteins has a great potential. In this workwe assessed the proteomic profiling difference in a cohort of Egyptian population with renal neoplasms. Methods:This cohort study was conducted on 85 subjects. They were classified as 40 RCC, 15 benign kidney patients, and 30healthy controls. Morning urine samples were used for peptidome separation using magnetic beads. Matrix assisted laserdesorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was applied Using FlexControlTM software.Results: Benign tumors were differentiated from controls by 5 integrated peaks, 12 significant and 2 integrated significantpeaks, 17:3,418.8 and 25:4,173.41. While RCC were differentiated from benign by 5 integrated, 28 significant and oneintegrated significant peak. The RCC group was discriminated from the controls by 5 peaks which were integrated fromwhich 1 was integrated and significant (with mass to charge ratio of 12:3,408.97). The three groups showed proteinprofiles ranging from 1 to 10 kDa. The external validation was performed for the RCC group versus the control reveledsensitivity of 88.7% and specificity of 73.2% by genetic algorithm. Conclusion: Proteomic approach can be used as asensitive urinary marker differentiating renal masses in an early diagnostic approach.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2145
2152
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88643_8dc3e4020b5ae92f5a83cda5fc43934e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2145
Polymorphisms of XRCC3 and XRCC7 and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran
Jamshid
Mehrzad
Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.
author
Mahdieh
Dayyani
Department of Radiation Oncology, Reza Radiotherapy Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Mohammadreza Erfanian
Khorasani
Department of Biotechnology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic
Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly prevalent cancer, which should be genetically studied amongdifferent peoples of the world. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of XRCC3T241M, XRCC3A17893G and, for the first time, XRCC7 I3434T polymorphisms on CRC risk in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran.Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 180 patients with CRC and 160 sex- and age-matched healthycontrols were studied. Genotypes were determined by RFLP-PCR and ARMS-PCR. Results: The incidence of CRC wasobserved to be significantly more in a heterozygous XRCC3 C/T genotype than in the CC genotype (OR 2.210, 95% CI1.073-4.548, p=0.030). In the case of the XRCC7 I3434T polymorphism, CRC risk was significantly (4.3 fold) higherin I/T+T/T variant subjects compared to the I/I genotype (OR 4.394, 95% CI 2.721-7.096, p=0.000). Moreover, theXRCC3 A17893G polymorphism did not correlate with CRC. In addition, there was no significant difference betweenthe distribution of genotypes of the three studied polymorphisms with demographic and clinicopathological featuresin the CRC patients. Conclu
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2153
2158
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88653_dbe767df97bbe17debce1d5d5bb14f87.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2153
Lung Cancer Detection using Probabilistic Neural Network with modified Crow-Search Algorithm
Sannasi Chakravarthy
S R
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India.
author
Harikumar
Rajaguru
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: Lung cancer is a type of malignancy that occurs most commonly among men and the third most commontype of malignancy among women. The timely recognition of lung cancer is necessary for decreasing the effect ofdeath rate worldwide. Since the symptoms of lung cancer are identified only at an advanced stage, it is essential topredict the disease at its earlier stage using any medical imaging techniques. This work aims to propose a classificationmethodology for lung cancer automatically at the initial stage. Methods: The work adopts computed tomography (CT)imaging modality of lungs for the examination and probabilistic neural network (PNN) for the classification task.After pre-processing of the input lung images, feature extraction for the work is carried out based on the Gray-LevelCo-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and chaotic crow search algorithm (CCSA) based feature selection is proposed.Results: Specificity, Sensitivity, Positive and Negative Predictive Values, Accuracy are the computation metrics used.The results indicate that the CCSA based feature selection effectively provides an accuracy of 90%. Conclusion: Thestrategy for the selection of appropriate extracted features is employed to improve the efficiency of classification andthe work shows that the PNN with CCSA based feature selection gives an improved classification than without usingCCSA for feature selection.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2159
2166
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88638_4b96cdfd581afed1c63f3127de8a29b8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2159
Possible Association of Smokeless Tobacco Dependent Impairment in the Erythrocytes and Platelets Membranes of Human Male Volunteers: An Observation
Fareeda Begum
Shaik
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
author
G
Nagajothi
Department of Corporate Secretary ship, Queen Mary’s College (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
author
K
Swarnalatha
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
author
C Vinod
Kumar
Laboratory of Insect Molecular Biology and
Biotechnology, Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
author
K Narender
Dhania
Laboratory of Insect Molecular Biology and
Biotechnology, Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
author
C Suresh
Kumar
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
author
Narendra
maddu
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) acts as a modifier of erythrocyte and platelet membranes by disruptingantioxidant system with the concomitant increase in free radical production and induction of apoptosis. Methods: TheSLT users was that individuals used gutkha and khaini products (Khaleja/mahak chaini brand respectively) habitually,at least >20 times per week consists of 50-60 g during the last 2-4 years. Results: The gutkha and khaini users foundto be significantly increased levels of iNOS (Inducible nitric oxide synthase) enzyme in plasma, erythrocytes, andplatelet membranes when compared to normal controls. The gutkha and khaini users exhibited that the significantincrease in the levels of gene expression of apoptotic proteins (Bcl2-B cell lymphoma gene 2, Bax, caspases 8, caspase10, and caspase 12), IL-6 (Interleukin-6), and decreased levels of TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and decreasedexpression of caspase 12 of khaini users were observed from blood samples. The significant increase in the concentrationsof peroxynitrites (ONOO-), nitric oxide (NO) (Nitrates and nitrites), malondialdehyde (MDA), cholesterol, andphospholipids were reported in the smokeless tobacco users of erythrocytes and platelets. The experimental subjectsshowed that the increased osmotic fragility and decreased membrane fluidity of erythrocytes and platelets in comparisonwith non-tobacco users. The normal subjects had been exposed that the proper functioning of antioxidant enzymes anddecreased enzyme activities of antioxidants were reported by SLT users. Conclusion: The smokeless tobacco productsare exerted chronic damage to membranes of erythrocytes and platelets and elevation of apoptosis in the prolongedperiods of human male volunteers.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2167
2176
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88642_58405e043c69a29f6ca37b1a01dde564.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2167
Association between Gastric Pathology and Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients with or without Helicobacter Pylori
Mahmoud
Baghbanian
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
author
Seyyed Abolfazl
Hoseini Mousa
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
author
Masoud
Doosti
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research
Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd.
author
Mansour
Moghimi
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: In the recent years, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been considered as a risk factor for gastriccancer, but further studies are required to confirm these claim. The present study was aimed to evaluate the correlationbetween gastric pathology (precancerous and cancerous conditions) with HBV infection in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)positive or negative patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 728 patients under endoscopy examination in YazdShaheed Sadoughi Hospital between 2017 and 2018 were participated. Histopathological analysis was performed ongastric specimens. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in sera was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The relationship between gastric pathology and HBV infection were explored by logistic regression analysis.Results: Of 728 patients, HBsAg and H. pylori infection were detected in 83 and 408 patients, respectively. Sixty ninepatients were co-infected with H. pylori/HBV. H. pylori infection detected in patients with HbsAg positive significantlymore than those were negative for HbsAg (p=0.029). None of HBV/H. pylori co-infected patients did not have normalgastric tissue. A significant difference was seen in histopathology of gastric tissue between HBsAg positive patientswith and without H. pylori infection (p<0.0001). The HBsAg was associated with histopathology of gastric (OR=21.56,95℅CI=7.070-65.741, p<0.001) and as a risk factor for gastritis (OR=12.457, 95℅CI= 3.007-51.614, P=0.001) but nocancer (OR=2.127, 95℅CI=0.242-18.704, P=0.496). Conclusion: The HBV infection alone is associated with someprecancerous lesions but is not correlated with gastric cancer. It can increase development of premalignant conditionsand carcinoma significantly in H. pylori positive patients.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2177
2180
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88654_9b2e46d23464e68293cf17355131434b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2177
Polymeric Microsphere Formulation for Colon Targeted Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil Using Biocompatible Natural Gum Katira
Saumen
Karan
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
author
Hira
Choudhury
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Jalan Jalil Perkasa, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
author
Biplab Kumar
Chakra
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
author
Tapan Kumar
Chatterjee
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Controlled release delivery system of chemotherapeutic agents at the site of colon endorses modern drug-entrappeddelivery tools, which release the entrappedagents at a controlled rate for anextended period providing patient complianceand additional protection from the degradinggastric environment. Thus, the present study was aimed to developand optimize a novel polymeric microsphere of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) using natural gum katira to obtain an optimaltherapeutic response at the colon. Due course of experimentation, in-vivo safety profile of the gum katira in an animalmodel was established. Modified solvent extraction/evaporation technique wasemployed to encapsulate 5-FU in thenatural polymeric microsphere and was characterized using in-vitro studies to investigate particle size, morphology,encapsulation efficiency and release of the drug from developed formulation. Formulated and optimized polymericmicrosphere of 5-FU using gum katira polymer own optimal physicochemical characteristics with a fine spherical particlewith size ranged from 210.37±7.50 to 314.45±7.80 μm.Targeted microsphere exhibited good cytotoxicity and also hashigh drug entrapment efficiency, and satisfactory release pattern of the drug within a time frame of 12 h. Finally, weforesee that the optimized polymeric gum katiramicrosphere of 5-FU could be a promising micro-carrier for efficientcolon drug targeting delivery tool with improved chemotherapeutic efficacy against colon cancer.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2181
2194
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88662_4563369415745c61dbf39516be8b2f21.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2181
The Circadian Gene Per1 Plays an Important Role in Radiation-Induced Apoptosis and DNA Damage in Glioma
Ling
Zhu
Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Jingmen, Jingmen, China.
author
Qunli
Wang
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital
of Jingmen, Jingmen, China.
author
Yi
Hu
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital
of Jingmen, Jingmen, China.
author
Fan
Wang
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital
of Jingmen, Jingmen, China.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: Period1 (PER1), a core circadian gene, not only modulates circadian rhythm but may also play animportant role in other biological processes, including pathways involved in the proliferation and apoptosis of tumorcells. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which the downregulated expression of PER1 promotes theapoptosis of wild-type P53 human glioma U343 cells exposed to X-rays. Methods:U343 cells were exposed to 6 mV10 Gy X-ray irradiation after infection with an shRNA lentivirus to reduce the expression of PER1 and were analyzedby SCGE analysis, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. Result: SCGE analysis revealed that compared withthe controls, U343 cells expressing low levels of PER1 showed minor DNA damage when exposed to X-ray irradiation(P<0.05), and the flow cytometry assay showed lower death rates (P<0.05). RT-PCR and western blot analysis bothrevealed decreased expression of CHK2 and P53, which regulate DNA damage and repair via the CHK2-P53 pathway,and decreased expression of C-MYC, which is related to cell apoptosis. Conclusion:Our research suggests that PER1may play an important role in tumor radiotherapy, which is attributable to enhanced chk2-P53 signaling and proapoptoticprocesses. These findings provide a new target for the clinical treatment of glioma and a reliable basis for postradiationtherapy and gene therapy for glioma and other cancers.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2195
2201
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88636_7de68c27b1511a4b59100dc8f062b7ea.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2195
Somatic Mitochondrial Mutations in Oral Cavity Cancers among Senegalese Patients
Silly
Toure
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology University Hospital Center Aristide le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal.
author
Fatimata
Mbaye
GENGESPOP Team, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
author
Mame Diarra
Gueye
GENGESPOP Team, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
author
Malick
Fall
Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
author
Ahmadou
Dem
Cancer Institut, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Stomatology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
author
Jean Baptiste
Lamy
LIMICS, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 93017 Bobigny, France, INSERM UMRS 1142, UPMC Université Paris 6, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
author
Mbacké
Sembene
GENGESPOP Team, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: Somatic mutations affecting the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been frequently observed inhuman cancers and proposed as important oncological biomarkers. However, the exact mtDNA mutations that isresponsible for the pathogenesis of cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate somatic mutationsin the MT-CYB and D-Loop regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in oral cavity cancers from Senegalese patients.Methods: MT-CYB and the D-Loop of mtDNA derived from 45 oral cavity cancer tissues and 21 control bloodsamples were assessed by PCR and sequencing. The sequences of MT-CYB and the D-Loop from cancerous tissueswere compared with control sequences, and sequence differences were recognized as somatic mutations. Results:Overall, 389 somatic mtDNA mutations were identified, most of which (79.43%) were located in the D-Loopregion. The majority of base substitution mutations were G-to-A (63.93%) and T-to-C (16.39%) transitions. In theprotein-coding MT-CYB gene, 29 missense mutations were observed. The pathogenic mutation load of MT-CYB was3.11%. Pathogenic mutations were carried by 25% of patients. pArg76Pro (pArg282Pro in rCRS) was novel and wasthe most common pathogenic mutation observed. Conclusion: These results strongly indicate that mtDNA mutationsare a potential marker of oral cavity cancer.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2203
2208
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88644_2d87c1a236fbc0873a28dd51002f683e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2203
The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Luminal B Breast Cancer
Mauricio
Rivas
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Francisco
Acevedo
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Francisco
Dominguez
Department of Oncological and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Hector
Galindo
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Mauricio
Camus
Department of Oncological and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
David
Oddo
Department of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Alejandra
Villarroel
Department of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Dravna
Razmilic
Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Jose
Peña
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Matias
Munoz Medel
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Maria Elena
Navarro
Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Alejandra
Perez-Sepulveda
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Lidia
Medina
Centro de Cancer, Red de Salud UC-CHRISTUS, Santiago, Chile.
author
Tomas
Merino
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Juan
Briones
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Alexis
Kalergis
Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biologic Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
Cesar
Sanchez
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Objective: Tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer (BC) patients is a predictor foroverall survival. The aim of our study was to determine a relationship between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR) prior to NAC, BC subtypes and the probability of a pathologic complete response (pCR). Materials andMethods: Medical records were collected retrospectively from Centro de Cancer at Red Salud UC-Christus. Clinicaldata collected included peripheral blood cell counts, BC subtype at diagnosis and the pathology report of surgeryafter chemotherapy. Results: A total of 88 patients were analyzed. Approximately, a 25% had a pCR, and displayed asignificant correlation between BC subtype and pCR (p= 0.0138 Chi2); this was more frequent in epidermal growthfactor receptor type 2 (HER2) enriched subtype patients (54%). Luminal B BC patients with a pCR had significantlylower NLR levels (t test, p= 0.0181). Conclusions: HER2-enriched tumors had a higher probability of pCR. In LuminalB tumors, NLR had a statistically significant relationship with the probability of pCR. In this subtype, NLR could bea useful biomarker to predict tumor response to NAC. Further studies including other clinical parameters for systemicinflammation such as platelet counts, intratumoral NLR or body mass index could help identify patients that wouldget the most benefit from NAC.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2209
2212
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88665_40c2b7864a4fce9fff2a704c21f53c34.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2209
Outcome of Combined Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Vitamin A in Advanced Cervical Carcinoma: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Rizal Sanif
Sanusi
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Dr.Mohammad Hoessin,
University of Sriwijaya, Palembang, Sumatra, Indonesia.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: The latest World Health Organization (WHO) inquiry on the epidemiology of cervical cancers indicatethere are approximately 528,000 new cases per year, ranking fourth after breast, colorectal and lung cancer. The validityof neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) alone in advanced cervical cancer is still being debated. NAC induces tumorshrinkage prior to pursuing surgery. NAC also has the benefit of sterilizing the lymph nodes and parametria, therebylowering the need for adjuvant therapy after surgery. This research aims to determine the impact on the treatment ofadvanced cervical carcinoma with NAC, with the additional provision of Vitamin A during treatment to assess thefactors that could affect the outcome of clinical treatment. Methodology: The research methodology and design ofthis study is a randomized double-blind clinical trial to compare the effects of treatment with NAC and treatment withNAC + Vitamin A, in advanced cervical carcinoma. Both study groups received treatments consisting of a regime ofcisplatin and paclitaxel. The study was conducted at the General Hospital of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin. The total numberof patients recruited for the trial was 30 with 15 patients per treatment arm. One group received NAC consisting ofcisplatin and paclitaxel and the remaining 15 patients received NAC + Vitamin A. Results: The addition of VitaminA was found to be much better in influencing the clinical response in the treatment of advanced cervical carcinoma,although this was not statistically significant. However, a larger sample size with the reported proportion of higherpositive outcome for NAC + Vitamin A may be statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on the results, Vitamin Asupplementation in the treatment of advanced cervical carcinoma with neoadjuvant chemotherapy may play a crucialrole in the treatment of cervical carcinoma.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2213
2218
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88666_85145816adbed6c1e7b7e14b975b609b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2213
Urine and Serum Exosomes as Novel Biomarkers in Detection of Bladder Cancer
Fathia
Elsharkawi
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University,Cairo, Egypt.
author
Mahmoud
Elsabah
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Marwa
Shabayek
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Hussein
Khaled
National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Background: The gold standard for initial clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer involves cystoscopic examination of bladder and histological evaluation of tissues. There is a critical need to identify non-invasive and sensitive biomarkers. Early detection is essential challenge in diagnosis and surveillance of bladder carcinoma. Exosomes are nano- sized vesicles present in many biological fluids and have significant role in cancer. Thus, quantification of exosomes in different stages of bladder cancer may be of critical concern for clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Methods: Tumor derived exosomes levels in urine and serum samples of 70 bladder cancer Egyptian patients from stages T0-T3 and 12 healthy control people were measured using ELISA technique. Results: When compared to health subjects, exosomes levels in bladder cancer patients were increased in urine and serum samples at different stages of the disease. A gradual increase in tumor derived exosomes in serum (1.21, 3.31, 4.71, 6.47µg/ml) and urine (1.59, 2.84, 4.75, 6.67µg/ml) was observed comparative to invasiveness of tumor (T0-T3). Serum was more specific (100%) sample for detection of exosomes in bladder cancer. Conclusion: our findings suggest that tumor derived exosomes may offer a convenient tool for early diagnosis and monitoring of bladder cancer.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2219
2224
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88667_5585ccdbdd464af09c83a6ff6c3294bc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2219
Bevacizumab and CCR2 Inhibitor Nanoparticles Induce Cytotoxicity-Mediated Apoptosis in Doxorubicin-Treated Hepatic and Non-Small Lung Cancer Cells
Ahmed A
Abd-Rabou
Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
author
Hanaa H
Ahmed
Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are very common in certain populationaround the world. Despite the recent advances in their diagnosis and therapy, their prognosis remains poor due to thedevelopment resistance to drug. Although doxorubicin (DOX) is considered to be one of the most anti-solid tumordrugs, developed resistance is contributing to unsuccessful outcome. The rationale of the current study is to explorethe sensitizing capability of the DOX-treated cancer cells using the anticancer agents; bevacizumab (avastin; AV) andCCR2 inhibitor (CR) in their free- and nano-formulations. Here, the average size, polydispersity index (PDI), zetapotential, and entrpment effeciency (EE%) of the synthesized nanoparticles were measured. We investigated the effectof these platforms on the proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and zinc levelsof human HCC (HepG2 and Huh-7) and NSCLC (A549) cancer cell lines. Glucose consumption rates using Huh-7and A549 cancer cells were tested upon treatments. We demonstrated that AV and CR nano-treatments significantlysuppressed A549 cell viability and activated apoptosis by NO level elevation. We concluded that AVCR NP plusDOX significantly induces A549 cytotoxicity-mediated apoptosis more than Huh-7 and HepG2 cells. This drug-drugnano-combination induced Huh-7 cytotoxicity-mediated apoptosis more than HepG2 cells. In conclusion, AVCR NPsensitized DOX-treated A549 and Huh-7 cells through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-stimulated apoptosis. Takentogether, our data suggested that the CR plus AV nano-platforms would be a potential personalized medicine-basedstrategy for treating CCR2-positive NSCLC and HCC patients in the near future.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
1513-7368
20
v.
7
no.
2019
2225
2238
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88668_4d1966c1d8f30a9abdc826e8274d41e3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2225