@article { author = {}, title = {Risk and Beneficial Factors - Fallacy at the Individual but Not the Population Level? Relevance to a Practical Prevention Program}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {83-87}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24032.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24032_80e746278096fae5422766bd677efedd.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Vietnam National Cancer Institute - A History of its Development}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {89-92}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24033.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24033_65079e266782da8622e56ddb7587346c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {The JICA Training Course, Community-based Cancer Prevention (Epidemiological Approach)}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {93-97}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The present training course was programmed by the Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer CenterResearch Institute, Japan, and has been annually conducted since 1999, supported by the Japan International CooperationAgency (JICA). The course targets doctors and public health workers who are responsible for community-based cancerprevention in developing countries to promote comprehensive measures, focusing on both primary and secondary preventionagainst cancer.Neoplasia is the leading cause of deaths in developed countries, while communicable diseases continue to contributeas major causes of deaths in developing countries (WHO, 2000). However, the relative importance of cancer deaths isincreasing in the latter, with economic development and a longer life span (Walgate, 1984; Chackiel, 1999). Boffetta andParkin (1994) have estimated cancer to account for 13 percent of the annual deaths in adults of developing countries.Limitations of medical facilities and equipment in developing countries means that an emphasis on prevention is indispensablefor cancer control (Mikheev et al. 1994). However, the necessary human resources remain limited, and encouragement oftheir development should be given the first priority for effective cancer prevention.The Japanese Government extends official development assistance (ODA) to developing countries to support self-helpefforts that will lead to economic progress and a better life for the citizens of those countries. Since its foundation in 1974,JICA has implemented Japan’s technical cooperation under the ODA programme. Currently, JICA conducts such activitiesas training, dispatch of experts, provision of equipment, project-type technical cooperation, development studies, dispatchof cooperation volunteers (JOCV), survey and administration of capital grant aid programs. The present training programfor doctors and public health workers from overseas is one of JICA’s fundamental technical cooperation activities fordeveloping countries. Participants are invited to attend for two months in order to obtain knowledge and technologicalexpertise in a wide variety of fields. The objectives of the JICA training program are: 1) to contribute to the development ofhuman resources and thereby promote the advancement of developing countries; and 2) to enhance mutual understandingand friendship. The present report details the contents of this course with commentaries on perceived advantages anddisadvantages after three years experience.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24034.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24034_96d70dcf4d3e7498073e8b257773dc59.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Gene-environment Interactions and Polymorphism Studies for Cancer Risk in Hospital-based Epidemiologic Research Program at Aichi Cancer Center II (HERPACC-II)}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {99-107}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Genetic polymorphisms may modify the effects of environmental risk factors on cancer occurence. We have recentlylaunched a comprehensive epidemiologic project, HERPACC II (Hospital-based Epidemiologic Research Programat Aichi Cancer Center II), including both lifestyle and polymorphism data, following HERPACC-I which solelyconcentrated on lifestyle data. As of April 2001, about 3000 samples of DNA are being stored to conduct case-controlstudies. Genotyping of 46 polymorphisms has been conducted at the laboratory of the Division of Epidemiology andPrevention. Twelve case-control studies and two papers on a new PCR method, PCR-CTPP (polymerase chain reactionwith confronting two-pair primers), have been accepted for publication. Significant findings in Japanese were foundfor 1) gene-environment interaction for esophageal cancer between heavy drinking and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2), 2) malignant lymphoma risk with methylenetetrahydrofalate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase(MS), 3) interactions between smoking and two polymorphisms, interleukin 1B (IL-1B) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)for Helicobacter pylori infection, and 4) smoking habits with dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and IL-1B. Furtherstudies on interactions with polymorphisms will continue to be conducted for Japanese, using larger sizes of samples.}, keywords = {lifestyle - genetic polymorphism - cancer risk &#8211,case-control study &#8211,PCR-CTPP}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24035.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24035_8be8bfc3123961c827d3fdbc8b80e9e6.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer Chemoprevention: Tea Polyphenol Induced Cellular and Molecular Responses}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {109-116}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Genetic polymorphisms may modify the effects of environmental risk factors on cancer occurence. We have recentlylaunched a comprehensive epidemiologic project, HERPACC II (Hospital-based Epidemiologic Research Programat Aichi Cancer Center II), including both lifestyle and polymorphism data, following HERPACC-I which solelyconcentrated on lifestyle data. As of April 2001, about 3000 samples of DNA are being stored to conduct case-controlstudies. Genotyping of 46 polymorphisms has been conducted at the laboratory of the Division of Epidemiology andPrevention. Twelve case-control studies and two papers on a new PCR method, PCR-CTPP (polymerase chain reactionwith confronting two-pair primers), have been accepted for publication. Significant findings in Japanese were foundfor 1) gene-environment interaction for esophageal cancer between heavy drinking and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2), 2) malignant lymphoma risk with methylenetetrahydrofalate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase(MS), 3) interactions between smoking and two polymorphisms, interleukin 1B (IL-1B) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)for Helicobacter pylori infection, and 4) smoking habits with dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and IL-1B. Furtherstudies on interactions with polymorphisms will continue to be conducted for Japanese, using larger sizes of samples.}, keywords = {Tea polyphenol,catechin,Antioxidant,antimutagenic,antigenotoxic,antitumor promotion,apoptosis signal transduction,Chemoprevention}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24058.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24058_8f953984ea0084787a6924a4b7309bdc.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Epidemiology of Liver Cancer in Thailand}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {117-121}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The cancer registry is an essential part of any rational programme of cancer control. The information is theprimary resource for epidemiological research and for planning and evaluating health services for the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Epidemiological research, based on comprehensive cancer registration, remainsthe most valid and efficient way to plan and evaluate all aspects of cancer control.The estimated incidence of primary liver cancer in Thailand is very high, Liver cancer is the leading cancer inmales and third in frequency in females. There is a very marked regional variation, with the highest incidence in thenortheast, the age – standardized incidence rate of liver cancer in Khon Kaen is highest in the world. The percentageof hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) varies greatly between regions. In Thailand,chronic infections with hepatitis B virus and the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini are the major risk factors for thedevelopment of HCC and CCA, respectively. Primary prevention is an important approach for prevention andcontrol of liver cancer.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24059.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24059_3aa63e27fd1c3ef327d7335eed5e19da.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Role of Dietary Intake and Biomarkers in Risk of Breast Cancer: A Case Control Study}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {123-130}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Reproductive factors are not considered to play a significant role in the aetiology of breast cancer in low incidenceregions like Gujarat, although it is well established that they exert a major influence on such tumours in the westerndeveloped world. Women in the western Indian region have a very low prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumptionbut a high prevalence of vegetarianism. Noting the changes in the life style practices with increasing affluence islikely to yield several interesting findings in such a population. Physical activity and dietary factors have emerged asimportant parameters and their lack may contribute significantly to the risk of breast cancers. The breast cancerrisk significantly increased with higher consumption of total fat (>25% of total calories), frequent intake of friedfoods and sweets. A significant protection was offered by frequent consumption of green yellow leafy vegetables,foods rich in β-carotene and isoflavinoids. The present study demonstrated a good protective effect of dietary intakeof antioxidant vitamins. The breast cancer risk increases with elevation of circulating lipid components except HDLCholesterol.}, keywords = {risk factors,breast cancer,Diet,Serum lipids}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24060.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24060_98ad634a491cc85d7676948f7c0845b4.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Time Course of Change in Glutathione S-Transferase Positive Foci and Ornithine Decarboxylase Activity after Cessation of Long-term Alcohol Administration in Rats}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {131-134}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {In our previous experiments, we showed that cessation of long-term alcohol administration enhanceshepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. In the present study, we examined the time course of hepatocarcinogenesis inducedby diethylnitrosamine (DEN) after cessation of alcohol using numbers and areas of glutathione S transferase placentalform (GST-P)-positive foci and the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in males of the Wistar strain. Fifty sixrats were given a single i.p. injection of DEN (200 mg/kg body weight), maintained on basal solid diet for two weeks,then maintained on liquid diet in which 36% of total calories were provided by ethanol (Al diet) for 12 weeks, andthen eight rats were killed. The remaining rats were divided into 6 groups. Three alcohol cessation groups weremaintained on control liquid diet (C diet) instead of Al diet for 3 , 6 and 12 weeks, respectively. The others, asreference groups were maintained on the Al diet continuously for the same periods, respectively. The numbers ofGST-P-positive foci per unit area of the liver were not markedly changed after cessation of alcohol. However, theirareas were increased with time, so that values in the alcohol cessation groups at 3 and 12 weeks were significantlyhigher than those in the reference groups at the same points, respectively. Furthermore, ODC activity was significantlyelevated in the alcohol cessation groups at 3 and 6 weeks compared to reference groups, but not at 12 weeks whenreduction was rather observed. These results suggest that cessation of long-term alcohol administration enhanceshepatocarcinogenesis and this effect may be closely related to activation of cell proliferation due to the interruptionof alcohol insult.}, keywords = {alcohol,hepatocarcinogenesis,glutathione S transferase placental form,Ornithine decarboxylase,cessation}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24061.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24061_5042c3de59bb3465e61c2271b77fa6f4.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Human Papillomavirus Infection among Bolivian Amazonian Women}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {135-141}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cervical cancer is the most common malignancy among women in Latin America. Human papilloma virus infectionis known to be an important risk factor. However, HPV infection among Bolivian women has not yet been fullyevaluated. The present study aimed to investigate HPV infection among women living in a rural region of the BolivianAmazon. Cervical swab samples were collected from 151 healthy women in three Amazonian villages. From everywoman, two samples were collected by cotton swab; one for cytological examination and the other for ethanolpreservationof cervical epithelial cells for HPV DNA testing. High molecular DNA was extracted from the ethanolpreservedcervical epithelial cells and tested for HPV DNA by a PCR-RFLP protocol.Ethanol-preserved cervical epithelial cells remained suitable for DNA isolation and PCR amplification of humanβ-globin and HPV E6/E7 genes, 25 days after sample collection in the field. HPV-31, HPV-58 and HPV-6 weredetected in the studied population. The overall prevalence of HPV infection among Bolivian Amazonian women was8.0%. Neither dual nor multiple HPV infections were found in any of the positive samples.This is the first report of HPV prevalence and type distribution among Bolivian Amazonian women. Our newmethod for preservation of cervical epithelial cells in ethanol may be useful for viro-epidemiological studies in ruralareas.}, keywords = {HPV infection-Bolivian Amazonian women-cervical swab samples-ethanol preservation}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24062.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24062_686bde1c4756468fdee7d00c68210047.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Prophylaxis and Medical Treatment of Cancer Using Brain Properties}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {143-146}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {A new system, called the Gluchoadreyn System, is proposed for the human organism by the author. It beginsfrom the mouth cavity, continues through digestive system, cardiovascular system and reaches every atom andmolecule, which constitutes the human body. The Gluchoadreyn System has several branches and conditionallydivides the human body into several parts, subordinate to the same rules. It is the executor of the nervous system.The theory of nervism has not been used previously in order to cure cancer. Owing to the discovery of the GluchoadreynSystem it may now be possible to use the theory of nervism in prophylaxis and medical treatment of cancer and otherdiseases.}, keywords = {Gluchoadreyn System,cancer,Pathological processes,Prophylaxis- Treatment,brain,Nervism}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24063.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24063_108b840f9f979ed8904d9332785d8849.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Conclusions from Smoking-Related Research Published in the APJCP in 2000 with a Brief Review of the Recent Literature}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {147-153}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Conclusions from Smoking-Related Research Published in the APJCP in 2000 with a Brief Review of the Recent Literature}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24064.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24064_4f41f71aba0775ed0e3ac9d5f940e620.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Better ROC Curves for a Regionally Developed Helicobacter Pylori Antibody Test}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, pages = {155-156}, year = {2001}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24065.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_24065_6f2c5165f31fff8ed2ad348a0cebc2fa.pdf} }