@article { author = {}, title = {Overview of Players and Information in the Cancer Epidemiology World in Asia}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {1-10}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cancer and related lifestyle diseases are on the increase across Asia and already account for over half thedisease-associated mortality in the vast majority of the included countries. An understanding of the epidemiologyis therefore of paramount importance. In addition, given the immensity of the problem, cooperation among allthe interested parties is of the essence. The present series of reviews were complied with the aim of promotingbetter comprehension and interaction, focusing on cancer prevalence and the underlying risk and preventivefactors in Asia. Data from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents and Globocan 2002, published by the InternationalAgency for Research on Cancer, as well as various other cancer registry sources, were thus married with researchinformation in the public domain, accessible through PubMed. It is hoped that the comprehensive approachadopted for the different regions will help bring together all of the Asian community of individuals involved incancer epidemiology and control and contribute to establishment of Asian networks for collaborative research.The major players and the overall picture for cancer control are covered in the present overview. Furtherdetails are then provided in seven separate regional reviews: for North-Western and Central Asia; South-WestAsia; South Asia; Mainland South-East Asia; Peninsular and Island South-East Asia, the Pacific; and North-East Asia. The final section covers possible organ-based strategies for cancer control and, lastly, an Appendixhas been included listing research institutes and staff in Asia to facilitate contacts between interested individuals.}, keywords = {Asian cancer control,Cancer registration,Epidemiology,International Organizations,Networking}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25182.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25182_05e45f829185dfc739fc1ba86857c165.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer in Asia - Incidence Rates Based on Data in Cancer Incidence in Five Continents IX (1998-2002)}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {11-16}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Data from 44 cancer registries in 15 countries in Asia were published in Cancer Incidence in Five ContinentsVolume IX (CI5 IX). These and findings from 3 other registries were here analysed to provide an overview onthe incidence and characteristics of specific cancers by country/region in Asia. Using the collected database, theannual number of cancer cases and the corresponding population numbers divided into six age groups (0-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70 and more) were extracted and used for incidence estimation. The incidence rates ofcancer across Asia vary greatly, with approximately three fold differences in both males and females.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25183.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25183_87a14e9a934a1c6fa6036efaf04d23d0.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer Epidemiology in North-Western and Central Asia - Past, Present and Future}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {17-32}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The North-Western and Central region of Asia stretches from Turkey through Armenia, Georgia andAzerbaijan, to Iran and Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tadjikistan and Afghanistan.These countries in the main share Turkic, Iranian or Caucasus ethnicity and culture and can be considered as aregional entity for cooperation in control of cancer. The present review of cancer registry and other epidemiologicaldata was undertaken to provide an evidence base for cancer control programs and pointers to possible researchcollaboration. The most prevalent cancer site in males is the lung in the Western part of the region and thestomach in most of Iran and Central Asia, followed by the oesophagus in the latter two. Bladder cancer iscomparatively frequent throughout. In females breast cancer is number one, generally followed by gastric,oesophageal or cervical lesions. However, there are interesting differences between countries or regions,particularly regarding the stomach. General tendencies for increase in adenocarcinomas but decrease in squamouscell carcinomas and gastric cancer point to change in environmental influence over time. Variation in riskfactors depends to some extent on the level of economic development but overall the countries of the region facesimilar challenges in achieving effective cancer control, underlying the necessity for cooperation.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25184.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25184_1719d9b5fed55ca1b15d58a48b8472c3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer Epidemiology in South-Western Asia - Past, Present and Future}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {33-50}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {South-West Asia, stretching from Lebanon and Syria in the north, through to Yemen in the south and Iraq inthe east, is the home of more than 250 million people. Cancer is already a major problem and the markedlyincreasing rates for diabetes suggest that the burden of adenocarcinomas will only become heavier over time,especially with increasing obesity and aging of what are now still youthful populations. The age-distributions ofthe affected patients in fact might also indicate cohort effects in many cases. There are a number of activeregistries in the region and population-based data are now available for a considerable number of countries.Scientists from the region are also contributing to epidemiological research into the causes of cancer and how todevelop effective control programs. The present review covers the relevant PubMed literature and cancerincidence data from various sources, highlighting similarities and variation in the different cancer types, withattempts to explain disparities with reference to environmental factors. In males, the most prevalent cancersvary, with lung urinary bladder or liver in first place, while for females throughout the region breast cancer isthe major problem. In both sexes, non-Hodgkins lymphomas and leukemias are relatively prevalent, along withlung in males and thyroid in certian female populations. Coordination of activities within the Arab world, aswell as Israel, could bring major benefits to cancer control in the eastern Mediterranean region.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25185.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25185_0d57f8f11f97ad9ca39c7cac2475fc1e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer Epidemiology in South Asia - Past, Present and Future}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {49-67}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan, with their total population of more than 1,500million, make up the subcontinent of South Asia. Despite massive diversity across the region, there are sufficientsimilarities to warrant a collective approach to chronic disease control, including development of cancer controlprograms. Cancer is already a major problem and there are general similarities in the prevalence patterns. Inmales, oral and lung cancer are either number one or two, depending on the registry, with the exceptions ofQuetta in the far north, Larkana and Chennai. Moderately high numbers of pharyngeal and/or laryngeal cancerare also consistently observed, with prostate cancer now becoming visible in the more developed cities. Breastand cervical cancer share first and second place except in Muslim Pakistan, where oral cancer generally followsbreast. The ovary is often included in the five most prevalent types. Markedly increasing rates for breast cancerand distribution shifts in other cancers suggest that, despite improvement in cervical and oral rates, the overallburden will only become heavier over time, especially with increasing obesity and aging of what are still youthfulpopulations. Coordination of activities within South Asia is a high priority for cancer control in the region.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25186.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25186_0bf3df812cd04e356d7b47eef31acbf3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer Epidemiology in Mainland South-East Asia - Past, Present and Future}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {67-80}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The countries of mainland South-East Asia, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Viet Nam, share along history of interactions and many cultural similarities, as well as geographical contiguity. They thereforecan be usefully examined as a group when considering measures for control of cancer and other non-communicablediseases. Liver cancer is consistently found at higher incidence than most other parts of Asia, with lung canceras the other most important neoplasm in males. In females cervical and breast cancer about equally predominate,throughout. However, there are also major differences, particularly with regard to stomach and nasopharyngealcancer, only found at relatively high incidence in Viet Nam. The present review was conducted to gather togetherregistry data on cancer prevalence and epidemiological findings cited in PubMed in order to obtain ascomprehensive picture as possible of the present status. It is hoped that future cooperation across the region willfacilitate development of coordinated cancer control programs to reduce the burden.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25187.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25187_0daf8607d69718991d7b1bce75a613ae.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer Epidemiology in Peninsular and Island South-East Asia - Past, Present and Future}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {81-98}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Indonesia, East Timor and the Philippines constitute peninsular and islandSouth-East Asia. For reasons of largely shared ethnicity, with Chinese elements added to the basic Austromalaysianpopulations, as well as geographical contiguity, they can be usefully grouped together for studies of chronicdisease prevalence and underlying risk factors. The fact of problems are shared in common, particularly regardingincreasing cancer rates, underlines the necessity for a coordinated approach to research and development ofcontrol measures. To provide a knowledge base, the present review of available data for cancer registration,epidemiology and control was conducted. The most prevalent cancer site in males is the lung, followed by theliver, colon or the prostate in the majority of cases, while breast and cervical cancers predominate in mostfemale populations. However, there are interesting differences among the racial groups, particularly regardingthe stomach. General tendencies for increase in adenocarcinomas but decrease in squamous cell carcinomasand gastric cancer, point to change in environmental influence over time. Variation in risk factors depends tosome extent on the level of economic development but overall the countries of the region face similar challengesin achieving effective cancer control. A major task is persuading the general populace of the efficacy of earlydetection and clinical treatment.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25188.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25188_fa846533f0216e649ed14b9d255b86c2.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer Epidemiology in the Pacific Islands - Past, Present and Future}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {99-106}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The Pacific Ocean contains approximately 25,000 islands, stretching from Papua New Guinea to EasterIsland, populated by mixtures of Melanesians, Micronesians and Polynesians, as well as migrant groups fromAsia and Europe. The region encompasses a third of the surface of the earth although it is sparsely populated ata total of around 9 million. With the exception of some of the more populated islands, such as New Zealand andHawaii, few surveys of chronic diseases have been conducted, but it is increasingly recognized that obesity,diabetes and associated conditions are emerging public health problems and clearly there is a need for cooperationto optimize control. Here we focus on cancer registry and epidemiological findings for Papua New Guinea, theSolomons, Vanuatu, Samoa, New Caledonia, Fiji, Polynesia, French Polynesia, Maori in New Zealand, NativeHawaiians, Micronesia, including Guam, and Aboriginal populations in Australia as assessed by PubMed searchesand perusal of the International Agency for Cancer Research descriptive epidemiology database. Overall, themajor cancers in males are oral and liver in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, and lung and prostateelsewhere (Fiji being exceptional in demonstrating a predominance of esophageal cancer), whereas in females itis breast and either cervix or lung, depending largely on whether cervical cancer screening program is active. Incertain locations thyroid cancer is also very prevalent in females. The similarities and variation point to advantagesfor collaborative research to provide the evidence-base for effective cancer control programs in the region.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25189.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25189_19a365e9bb8d222efd614666a7e03fec.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cancer Epidemiology in North-East Asia - Past, Present and Future}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {107-148}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {China, Mongolia, Korea and Japan constitute North-East Asia. For reasons of largely shared ethnicity andculture, with various degress of mixed Chinese and Altaic elements, as well as geographical contiguity, they canbe usefully grouped together for studies of chronic disease prevalence and particularly cancer. The fact of problemsshared in common, with increasing disease rates, underlines the necessity for a coordinated approach to researchand development of control measures. To provide a knowledge base, the present review of cancer registrationand epidemiology data was conducted. The most frequent cancers in males of North-East Asia are in the lung,liver and stomach, with considerable geographical and temporal variation in their respective prevalences.However, colorectal cancer is also of increasing importance. In females the breast, together with the lung inChina, the liver in Mongolia and the stomach in Korea and Japan, are most frequent. Variation in risk factorsdepends to a large extent on the local level of economic development but overall the countries of the region facesimilar challenges in achieving effective cancer control.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25190.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25190_cddd623407cb5b4f970a90fb5f85978a.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Measures for Cancer Control on an Organ-Site Basis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {149-164}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {A great deal of research information has been generated regarding cancer incidence rates and underlyingrisk factors. Since incidence:mortality ratios are generally less than 2:1 and often approach equivalence thereclearly is a need for particular emphasis on preventive measures and early detection. Whether the latter shouldbe through screening or education for improved awareness will depend on the socioeconomic conditions and theorgan site. The location within the body, physiological factors and the cell type, whether essentially glandular orsquamous, and the particular risk and protective factors operating in the particular social context will all impacton what measures can be recommended. Here the focus is on primary and secondary prevention of cancers inthe various regions of Asia, taking into account similarities and differences in etiology for organs/tisssues of thegastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract, the urinary system, the reproductive system, the nervous system,the thyroid and non-Hogkins lymphomas and leukemias. Globocan 2002 data on incidence and mortality andall of the findings reviewed in the Regional Reviews were taken into account in compiling this overview. Thechief recommendations are education in the developing world, to overcome the problem of late presentation athospital (reflected by high mortality/incidence ratios), betel and tobacco control for the oral cavity and pharynx,reduce salt intake and targeting of Helicobacter pylori for the stomach, reduction in food intake, improvementin the diet and more exercise for the colorectum, kidney, prostate, breast, ovary and endometrium, reduction insmoking and exposure to other fumes for the lung, increase in water intake, particularly for the urinary bladder,and avoidance of parasites for the special cases of the urinary bladder and intrahepatic bile ducts. The cancerregistry could be a major resource for development of further research capacity, with selection of suitablepartners in areas with contrasting cancer rates and lifestyles for detailed comparisons applying the same protocols.This should facilitate future exploration and hopefully elucidation of any anomalies, so that cancer controlprograms can be optimized in accordance.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25191.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25191_9fa0f95824828f43d00352eff73c3d3c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Asian Cancer Research Facilities and Staff}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {11}, number = {Supplement 2}, pages = {165-192}, year = {2010}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {For collaboration across the Asian Pacific to function effectively in this day and age, email contact is absolutely essential. The list below is for the present moment in time and will be continuously upgraded at regular intervals in the future, to be made available as a pdf file from the APOCP website: www.apocp.org. Anyone wishing to add or delete a name, or change details, should contact apocpcontrol@yahoo.com. To indicate the area of speciality a simple coding system has been employed: BN, brain and nervous tissue; BR, breast; CC, childhood cancer; CE, cervix; CR, colorectum; EN, endometrium; FF, food; GB, gallbladder; GE, general epidemiology; GO, governmental organization; HP, health promotion; KI, kidney; LI, liver; IM, imaging; LL, lymphoma/leukemia; LU, lung; ME, molecular epidemiology; MO, medical oncology; OC, oral cavity; OE, oesophagus; OV, ovary; NGO, non-governmental organization; NP, nasopharynx; PA, pathology; PAL, palliative care; PC, pancreas; PE, pediatrics; PL, pharynx/larynx; PS, patient support; RO, radiation oncology; SC screening; REG, cancer registration; SK, skin; ST, stomach; SU, surgery; TC, tobacco control; TH, thyroid; TP, toxicological pathology; UT, urinary bladder. The order of countries is from West to East, rather than alphabetical, so that geographical proximity is given priority, then cities/states and institutions/departments/individuals are listed alphabetically.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25192.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_25192_d9f4186373aedc93283b0133b75a3498.pdf} }