@article { author = {}, title = {Update on the APJCP and the APOCP in 2013 - What is Going to be Achieved in the Future}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2151-2153}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The history of the APOCP/APJCP goes back to 1999 when a number of interested scientists joined togetherto form the organization and to launch a new journal to support cancer prevention research in the Asian-Pacificarea. Since the initial Founding Conference, some six General Assemblies (GAs) and ten Regional Conferences(RCs) and Special Study Sessions have been organized. Already the decisions have been made for two furtherGAs and at least three RCs. As of the April issue of 2013, a total of nearly 3,700 papers have already beenpublished in regular issues of the APJCP or special supplements. With support of the Korean National CancerCenter, housing the Chief Editorial Office, the journal is now including approximately 100 papers a month.Although it experienced a set-back by reduction in the Impact Factor (IF) from 1.29 in 2010 to 0.67 in 2011, thereare good grounds to expect an improvement in 2012. However, the future of the APOCP/APJCP will continueto depend on its membership, making continuous efforts to attend our conferences and submit good qualitymanuscripts. It is particularly important to cite papers in the APJCP wherever possible, if the wish is for an IFcommensurate with our long term aims. In that sense it is up to all authors, since the journal will continue tohave a very positive ploicy towards accepting papers from all countries within the Asian-Pacific, with continue tovaried levels of resources. The editorial team looks forward to your considered support. The APOCP also hopesto see you in person at future meeetings, so that you have a more active voice in deciding the best way forwardin our cooperative enterprise.}, keywords = {APOCP,APJCP,Conferences,Impact factor,citation policy,membership support}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27591.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27591_9592b2b1da1d02c9b9979b9c59d2dbc9.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Global Controversies and Advances in Skin Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2155-2157}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Advances and controversies of skin cancer prevention in the Asian-Pacific region are to be examined in the world’s first Global Controversies and Advances in Skin Cancer Conference to be held in Brisbane, Australia this November. APOCP Members are cordially invited to register early for the opportunity to contribute to the debate on a cancer which continues to be a prominent issue in the Asia Pacific and indeed worldwide. We need answers to the questions of why a cancer that is so preventable and easily detectable is still shrouded in controversy. Primary focuses will be on issues like viral involvement, vaccines and novel clinical approaches.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27592.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27592_50a1aa5a5fa3f68198e396a52e4f37f3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Roles of Cancer Registries in Enhancing Oncology Drug Access in the Asia-Pacific Region}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2159-2165}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cancer registries help to establish and maintain cancer incidence reporting system, serve as a resource for investigation of cancer and its causes, and provide information for planning and evaluation of preventive and control programs. However, their wider role in directly enhancing oncology drug access has not been fully explored. We examined the value of cancer registries in oncology drug access in the Asia-Pacific region on three levels: (1) specific registry variable types; (2) macroscopic strategies on the national level; and (3) a regional cancer registry network. Using literature search and proceedings from an expert forum, this paper covers recent cancer registry developments in eight economies in the Asia-Pacific region - Australia, China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand - and the ways they can contribute to oncology drug access. Specific registry variables relating to demographics, tumor characteristics, initial treatment plans, prognostic markers, risk factors, and mortality help to anticipate drug needs, identify high-priority research area and design access programs. On a national level, linking registry data with clinical, drug safety, financial, or drug utilization databases allows analyses of associations between utilization and outcomes. Concurrent efforts should also be channeled into developing and implementing data integrity and stewardship policies, and providing clear avenues to make data available. Less mature registry systems can employ modeling techniques and ad-hoc surveys while increasing coverage. Beyond local settings, a cancer registry network for the Asia-Pacific region would offer cross-learning and research opportunities that can exert leverage through the experiences and capabilities of a highly diverse region.}, keywords = {Asia-Pacific region,Asia,cancer,drug access,Registry,Oncology}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27593.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27593_06127ef410f5480b597b45a357d40927.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Lung Cancer Detection by Screening – Presenting Circulating miRNAs as a Promising Next Generation Biomarker Breakthrough}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2167-2172}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Lung cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for more deaths than any other cause. All the clinical practice guidelines recommended against routine screening for lung cancer have cited lack of robust evidence, at least until a few years back. However, the potential to screen lung cancers has received renewed interest due to superior performance of low dose CT (LD-CT) in detecting early stage cancers. The incremental costs and risks involved due to the invasive procedures in the screened population due to a high false positivity rate questions the use of LD-CT scan as a reliable community based screening tool. There is therefore an urgent need to find a less invasive and a more reliable biomarker that is crucial to increase the probability of early lung cancer detection. This can truly make a difference in lung cancer survival and at the same time be more cost and resource utilization effective. Sampling blood serum being minimally invasive, low risk and providing an easy to obtain biofluid, needs to be explored for potential biomarkers. This review discusses the use of circulatory miRNAs that have been able to discriminate lung cancer patients from disease free controls. Several studies conducted recently suggest that circulating miRNAs may have promising future applications for screening and early detection of lung cancer.}, keywords = {Lung cancer screening,Circulating miRNA,early stage lung cancers,plasma miRNA,serum miRNA}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27594.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27594_8ae162f7510d3027ce4851c36bd94d9e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Power and Promise of Ubiquitin Carboxyl-terminal Hydrolase 37 as a Target of Cancer Therapy}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2173-2179}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 37 (UCH37, also called UCHL5), a member of the deubiquitinating enzymes, can suppress protein degradation through disassembling polyubiquitin from the distal subunit of the chain. It has been proved that UCH37 can be activated by proteasome ubiqutin chain receptor Rpn13 and incorporation into the 19S complex. UCH37, which has been reported to assist in the mental development of mice, may play an important role in oncogenesis, tumor invasion and migration. Further studies will allow a better understanding of roles in cell physiology and pathology, embryonic development and tumor formation, hopefully providing support for the idea that UCH37 may constitute a new interesting target for the development of anticancer drugs.}, keywords = {UCH37,deubiquitination,proteasome,Protein Interaction,tumor therapy target}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27595.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27595_0ee7d3d8c6164416577ed9cdb73fd209.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Review of Selenium and Prostate Cancer Prevention}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2181-2184}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men in the United States. Surgery or radiation are sometimes unsatisfactory treatments because of the complications such as incontinence or erectile dysfunction. Selenium was found to be effective to preven prostate cancer in the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial (NPC), which motivated two other clinical trials: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) and a Phase III trial of selenium to prevent prostate cancer in men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. However, these two trials failed to confirm the results of the NPC trial and indicated that the selenium may not be preventive of prostate cancer. In this article we review the three clinical trials and discuss some different points which might be potential factors underlying variation in results obtained.}, keywords = {selenium,Prostate Cancer,Prevention,clinical trials}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27596.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27596_af03ea07ffa96f4955b172d04027f6b2.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Potential Therapeutic Targets for the Primary Gallbladder Carcinoma: Estrogen Receptors}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2185-2190}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Gallbladder carcinoma, the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the biliary tract system, has always been considered to feature late clinical presentation and diagnosis, limited treatment options and an extremely poor prognosis. In recent years, while the incidence of gallbladder cancer has appeared to be on the increase, the available treatment methods have not greatly improved survival of the affected patients. Thus, exploring new therapeutic targets for this devastating disease is an urgent matter at present. Epidemical studies have demonstrated that the incidence of gallbladder carcinoma exhibits a distinct gender bias, affecting females two to three times more than males, pointing to crucial roles of estrogen. It is well known that estrogen acts on target tissues by binding to estrogen receptors (ERs), which are mainly divided into three subtypes, ERα, ERβ and ERγ. ERα and ERβ appear to have overlapping but also unique even opposite biological effects. As important pathogenic mediators, ERs have been considered to relate to several kinds of tumors. In gallbladder carcinoma tissue, ERs have been shown to be positively expressed, and ERs expression levels are associated with differentiation and prognosis of this cancer. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of estrogen inducing growth of gallbladder carcinoma remain poorly understood. On the base of the current investigations, we deduce that estrogen participates in promotion of gallbladder carcinoma by influencing the formation of gallstones, stimulating angiogenesis, and promoting abnormal proliferation. Since ERs mediate the carcinogenic actions of estrogen in gallbladder, and therapy targeting ERs may provide new directions for gallbladder carcinoma. Therefore, it should be stressed that ERs are potential therapeutic targets for gallbladder carcinoma.}, keywords = {gallbladder carcinoma,estrogen,Estrogen Receptor,therapeutic target}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27597.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27597_a9d1743775a74dec058f333b0ef565de.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Equol, Adiponectin, Insulin Levels and Risk of Breast Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2191-2199}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Soy isoflavones have been widely studied and among all isoflavones equol has been gaining interest with regard to its relationship with breast cancer risk. Obesity has been revealed as one of the breast cancer risk factors, known to be associated with high levels of circulating insulin and decreased levels of adiponectin. Hence there have been many studies investigating relationships between insulin and adiponectin levels and breast cancer risk. Additionally recent findings have suggested that insulin and adiponectin themselves may have influence on breast cancer development, independent of obesity. In the present review, we discuss the relationships between breast cancer risk and equol, insulin and adiponectin levels, which are three important factors in our ongoing hospital-based case-control study. Herein these factors are reviewed not only from the clinical viewpoint but also from possible chemical and biological points of view which may explain clinical observations.}, keywords = {breast cancer,isoflavones,equol,insulin,Adiponectin,menopausal status}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27598.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27598_6c41378899330192d8e738a2a961f455.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Potential Targets for Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: a Focus on PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Wnt Pathways}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2201-2205}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in many parts of the world. Its development is a multi-step process involving three distinct stages, initiation that alters the molecular message of a normal cell, followed by promotion and progression that ultimately generates a phenotypically altered transformed malignant cell. Reports have suggested an association of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway with colon tumorigenesis. Activation of Akt signaling and impaired expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) (a negative regulator of Akt) has been reported in 60-70% of human colon cancers and inhibitors of PI3K/Akt signaling have been suggested as potential therapeutic agents. Around 80% of human colon tumors possess mutations in the APC gene and half of the remainder feature β-catenin gene mutations which affect downstream signaling of the PI3K/Akt pathway. In recent years, there has been a great focus in targeting these signaling pathways, with natural and synthetic drugs reducing the tumor burden in different experiment models. In this review we survey the role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Wnt signaling in CRC.}, keywords = {Colon cancer,PI3K/Akt,mTOR,Wnt/β-catenin,Chemoprevention,Flavonoids}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27599.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27599_6f11cd925b3fe61db6eeb8b14f5ef6d3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Mechanics behind Breast Cancer Prevention - Focus on Obesity, Exercise and Dietary Fat}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2207-2212}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cancer prevention is rapidly emerging as a major strategy to reduce cancer mortality. In the field of breast cancer, significant strides have recently been made in the understanding of underlying preventive mechanisms. Currently, three major strategies have been linked to an increase in breast cancer risk: obesity, lack of physical exercise, and high levels of saturated dietary fat. As a result, prevention strategies for breast cancer are usually centered on these lifestyle factors. Unfortunately, there remains controversy regarding epidemiological studies that seek to determine the benefit of these lifestyle changes. We have identified crucial mechanisms that may help clarify these conflicting studies. For example, recent reports with olive oil have demonstrated that it may influence crucial transcription factors and reduce breast tumor aggressiveness by targeting HER2. Similarly, physical exercise reduces sex hormone levels, which may help protect against breast cancer. Obesity promotes tumor cell growth and cell survival through upregulation of leptin and insulin-like growth factors. This review seeks to discuss these underlying mechanisms, and more behind the three major prevention strategies, as a means of understanding how breast cancer can be prevented.}, keywords = {breast cancer,Obesity,physical exercise,Diet,Prevention}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27600.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27600_f037c65a9bce290518b88cb847d6051a.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Anti-Cancer Mechanism and Possibility of Nano-Suspension Formulation for a Marine Algae Product Fucoxanthin}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2213-2216}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Recently, use of natural products available from marine sources, and especially algae products, are receiving more attention. Scientific evidence for claimed nutraceutical and therapeutical effects of one such marine algae product, fucoxanthin, is discussed in this paper with a summary of the currently available literature regarding its antioxidant, anti-obesity and anticancer activities. It is safe for use in humans, but as it has poor solubility a nano-suspension mode of delivery may be adopted to improve efficacy of supplments. We conclude from ourliterature review that the marine algae product fucoxanthin has significant antioxidant, anti-obesity and anticancer activity with established mechanisms of action.}, keywords = {Anti-cancer mechanism,Antioxidant activity,anti-obesity,fucoxanthin,Marine algae}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27601.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27601_19b5eec1562c6baee273d4931925aa66.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Evaluation of Levels of Knowledge about Etiology and Symptoms of Oral Cancer in Southern Iran}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2217-2220}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Knowledge regarding risk factors and primary signs of oral cancer in the general population can help them to avoid risky behaviour and seek timely advice from a physician. The aim of this study was to survey adult knowledge about risk factors and signs of oral cancer in Shiraz Dental University. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study using an investigator-made questionnaire, 783 adults who were referred to Shiraz Dental University participated. Questionnaire data were analyzed by ANOVA and T-test. Results: The results showed that 32.3% of participants were aware of oral cancer and gained their knowledge from the media. The risk factors mentioned by these participants was as follows: sunlight 30.8%, hot and peppery food 40.7%, alcoholic drinks 47.4% and smoking 73.6% (there was significant relationship for drinking alcohol and gender, education and times of using dental service, p<0.05). They also mentioned the primary signs of oral cancer as follows: red patch without pain 27.8%, white patch without pain 13.5% and prolong scarring without pain 56.7% (there was significant relationship between these three signs and education and times of using dental service, p<0.05). The mean knowledge about the risk factors and signs of oral cancer were 1.94 from 5 with 1.14 standard deviation and 0.96 from 3 with 0.93 standard deviation. Conclusions: The observed low level of knowledge of people regarding both risk factors and signs of oral cancer emphasizes the need for more efforts to be made about the above mentioned issues by the media.}, keywords = {knowledge,risk factors,oral cancer,Iran}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27602.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27602_9a101d83597599fdad5df5e1515fb31b.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Deletion of GSTM1 and T1 Genes as a Risk Factor for Development of Acute Leukemia}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2221-2224}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes involved in the detoxification of a wide range of chemicals, including important environmental carcinogens, as well as chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study 294 acute leukemia cases, comprising 152 of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 142 of acute myeloid leukemia, and 251 control samples were analyzed for GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms through multiplex PCR methods. Significantly increased frequencies of GSTM1 null genotype (M0), GSTT1 null genotype (T0) and GST double null genotype (T0M0) were observed in the both ALL and AML cases as compared to controls. When data were analyzed with respect to clinical variables, increased mean levels of WBC, Blast %, LDH and significant reduction in DFS were observed in both ALL and AML cases with T0 genotype. In conclusion, absence of both GST M & GST T might confer increased risk of developing ALL or AML. The absence of GST enzyme might lead to oxidative stress and subsequent DNA damage resulting in genomic instability, a hallmark of acute leukemia. The GST enzyme deficiency might also exert impact on clinical prognosis leading to poorer DFS. Hence GST genotyping can be made mandatory in management of acute leukemia so that more aggressive therapy such as allogenic stem cell transplantation may be planned in the case of patients with a null genotype.}, keywords = {Glutathione S- transferase,null phenotype,Acute leukemia,risk factor,Prognostic factor}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27603.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27603_9e6aeee8361b2c85b6162ea25eed4b50.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effects of Obesity on Presentation of Breast Cancer, Lymph Node Metastasis and Patient Survival: A Retrospective Review}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2225-2229}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: As data on the relation between obesity and lymph node ratio are missing in the literature, we here aimed to assess the impact of obesity on this parameter and other clinicopathological features of breast cancer cases and patient survival. Materials and Methods: Medical data of 646 patients, all referred to two centers in Tehran, Iran, were reviewed. Factors that showed significant association on univariate analysis were entered in a regression model. Kaplan-Meier and Cox-regression were employed for survival analysis. Results: Obesity was correlated with the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptor (p=0.004 and p=0.039, respectively), metastasis to axillary lymph nodes (p=0.017), higher lymph node rate (p<0.001) and larger tumor size (p<0.001). The effect of obesity was stronger in premenopausal women. There was no association between obesity and expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor. Three factors showed independent association with BMI on multivariate analysis; tumor size, estrogen receptor and lymph node ratio. Obesity was predictive of shorter disease-free survival with a hazard ratio of 3.324 (95%CI: 1.225-9.017) after controlling for the above-mentioned variables. Conclusions: The findings of this study support the idea that obese women experience more advanced disease with higher axillary lymph node ratio, and therefore higher stage at the time of diagnosis. Furthermore, obesity was associated with poorer survival independent of lymph node rate.}, keywords = {breast cancer,Body mass index,lymph node ratio,survival,Iran}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27604.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27604_97f8a020d733959b10c8edbd11253913.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {HER-2/neu Status: A Neglected Marker of Prognostication and Management of Breast Cancer Patients in India}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2231-2235}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Categorizing breast tumors based on the ER, PR and HER/Neu 2 receptor status is necessary in order to predict outcome and assist in management of breast cancer. Herfe we assessed this question in South Indian patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 619 formalin fixed paraffin embedded breast tumor tissues were collected from pathology archives after receipt of ethical clearance. With the help of primary and secondary conjugated antibodies, expression status of ER, PR and HER2/neu was determined. All the experimental data were assessed for correlations with histopathological features of tumors and clinical presentation of the subjects. Results: In the present study, the ages ranged from 20-87 years with a mean of 50.0±12.q years, and majority of the tumors (84%) were of infiltrating duct cell carcinoma type. Assessment of ER, PR and Her-2/neu expression showed that 46% were triple negative. Interestingly, an inverse relation between ER, PR and HER-2/neu was apparent in 41.2% (p<0.0001) of the tumors, of which 24.5% (p<0.0001) were ER and PR co-negative but HER-2 positive. Conclusions: ER and PR positive tumors are less common (i.e<30%) compared to HER-2/neu positive tumors (i.e>50%) in Indian breast cancer patients, underlining the need for effective diagnostic screening and specific therapeutic managements in order to improve the survival rate of patients in low resource countries such as India.}, keywords = {breast cancer,receptor status,ER,PR,Her-2,Developing countries,India}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27605.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27605_d0950fa1924e3493a9482432cb8877e0.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Impact of Applied Progressive Deep Muscle Relaxation Training on the Level of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Prostate Cancer Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2237-2242}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of applied progressive muscle relaxation training on the levels of depression, anxiety and stress among prostate cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) over six months. Prostate cancer patients from UMMC received the intervention and patients from UKMMC were taken as controls. The level of depression, anxiety and stress were measured using Depression, Anxiety Stress Scales - 21 (DASS-21). Results: A total of 77 patients from the UMMC and 78 patients from the UKMMC participated. At the end of the study, 90.9% and 87.2% of patients from the UMMC and UKMMC groups completed the study respectively. There were significant improvements in anxiety (p<0.001, partial η2=0.198) and stress (p<0.001, partial η2=0.103) at the end of the study in those receiving muscle training. However, there was no improvement in depression (p=0.956). Conclusions: The improvement in anxiety and stress showed the potential of APMRT in the management of prostate cancer patients. Future studies should be carried out over a longer duration to provide stronger evidence for the introduction of relaxation therapy among prostate cancer patients as a coping strategy to improve their anxiety and stress.}, keywords = {Applied progressive deep muscle relaxation training,depression,Anxiety,Stress,Prostate Cancer}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27606.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27606_c0d110e9cdc4ab1e668263fa7f23b405.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Dose Planning Study of Target Volume Coverage with Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Penang General Hospital Experience}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2243-2248}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: To compare the dosimetric coverage of target volumes and organs at risk in the radicaltreatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and threedimensionalconformal radiotherapy (3DCRT). Materials and Methods: Data from 10 consecutive patientstreated with IMRT from June-October 2011 in Penang General Hospital were collected retrospectively foranalysis. For each patient, dose volume histograms were generated for both the IMRT and 3DCRT plans usinga total dose of 70Gy. Comparison of the plans was accomplished by comparing the target volume coverage (5measures) and sparing of organs at risk (17 organs) for each patient using both IMRT and 3DCRT. The meansof each comparison target volume coverage measures and organs at risk measures were obtained and testedfor statistical significance using the paired Student t-test. Results: All 5 measures for target volume coverageshowed marked dosimetric superiority of IMRT over 3DCRT. V70 and V66.5 for PTV70 showed an absoluteimprovement of 39.3% and 24.1% respectively. V59.4 and V56.4 for PTV59.4 showed advantages of 18.4% and16.4%. Moreover, the mean PTV70 dose revealed a 5.1 Gy higher dose with IMRT. Only 4 out of 17 organsat risk showed statistically significant difference in their means which were clinically meaningful between theIMRT and 3DCRT techniques. IMRT was superior in sparing the spinal cord (less 5.8Gy), V30 of right parotid(less 14.3%) and V30 of the left parotid (less 13.1%). The V55 of the left cochlea was lower with 3DCRT (less44.3%). Conclusions: IMRT is superior to 3DCRT due to its dosimetric advantage in target volume coveragewhile delivering acceptable doses to organs at risk. A total dose of 70Gy with IMRT should be considered as astandard of care for radical treatment of NPC.}, keywords = {intensity-modulated radiotherapy,3D conformal radiotherapy,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27607.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27607_f00a86f34bf48e6581e9c9c0c8eda596.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Inhibitory Effects of Tualang Honey on Experimental Breast Cancer in Rats: A Preliminary Study}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2249-2254}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The study was conducted to determine the effect of Malaysian jungle Tualang Honey (TH) on developmentof breast cancer induced by the carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) in rats. Forty nulliparousfemale Sprague-Dawley rats were given 80 mg/kg DMBA then randomly divided into four groups: Group 1served as a Control while Groups 2, 3 and 4 received 0.2, 1.0 or 2.0 g/kg bodyweight/day of TH, respectively, for150 days. Results showed that breast cancers in the TH-treated groups had slower size increment and smallermean tumor size (≤2cm3) compared to Controls (≤8cm3). The number of cancers developing in TH-treated groupswas also significantly fewer (P<0.05). Histological grading showed majority of TH–treated group cancers to beof grade 1 and 2 compared to grade 3 in controls. There was an increasing trend of apoptotic index (AI) seenin TH-treated groups with increasing dosage of Tualang Honey, however, the mean AI values of all TH-treatedgroups were not significantly different from the Control value (p>0.05). In conclusion, Tualang Honey exertedpositive modulation effects on DMBA-induced breast cancers in rats in this preliminary study.}, keywords = {honey,induced breast cancer,inhibitory effects,rat model}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27608.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27608_5a2087cfba6cfa40af643fb27b613728.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Acetylation of Retinoblastoma Like Protein2 (Rb2/p130) in Tumor Tissues}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2255-2258}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The activity of Rb proteins is controlled by post-translational modifications, especially through phosphorylation.Acetylation of Rb2/p130 was reported recently in NIH3T3 cells but its physiological relevance in cell cycle controland tumorigenesis is still unknown. Efforts are underway to investigate possible interplay between Rb2/p130phosphorylation and acetylation. Here we hypothesized that Rb2/p130 acetylation, like p53 acetylation, may playa role in development of the tumor phenotype. The proposed hypothesis regarding acetylation of Rb2/p130 intumor VS normal cells was found to be true in our case study of 36 tumor samples. Statistical analysis of resultssuggest strong correlation among Rb2/p130 acetylation and cancer phenotype.}, keywords = {Pocket proteins,Rb2/p130,Acetylation,Cell cycle,protein modification}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27609.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27609_2982246e9737c1eef192858dc0f4d6a4.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Lack of Health Insurance Increases All Cause and All Cancer Mortality in Adults: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) Data}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2259-2263}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Public use National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and NHANES IIIlinked mortality data were here applied to investigate the association between health insurance coverage and allcause and all cancer mortality in adults. Patients and Methods: NHANES III household adult, laboratory andmortality data were merged. Only patients examined in the mobile examination center (MEC) were included inthis study. The sampling weight employed was WTPFEX6, SDPPSU6 being used for the probability samplingunit and SDPSTRA6 to designate the strata for the survey analysis. All cause and all cancer mortalities wereused as binary outcomes. The effect of health insurance coverage status on all cause and all cancer mortalitieswere analyzed with potential socioeconomic, behavioral and health status confounders. Results: There were 2398sample persons included in this study. The mean age was 40 years and the mean (S.E.) follow up was 171.85 (3.12)person months from the MEC examination. For all cause mortality, the odds ratios (significant p-values) of thecovariates were: age, 1.0095 (0.000); no health insurance coverage (using subjects with health insurance), 1.71(0.092); black race (using non-Hispanic white subjects as the reference group) 1.43, (0.083); Mexican-Americans,0.60 (0.089); DMPPIR, 0.82, (0.000); and drinking hard liquor, 1.014 (0.007). For all cancer mortality, the oddsratio (significant p-values) of the covariates were: age, 1.0072 (0.00); no health insurance coverage, using withhealth coverage as the reference group, 2.91 (0.002); black race, using non-Hispanic whites as the referencegroup, 1.64 (0.047); Mexican Americans, 0.33 (0.008) and smoking, 1.017 (0.118). Conclusion: There was a 70%increase in risk of all cause death and almost 300% of all cancer death for people without any health insurancecoverage.}, keywords = {NHANES III,Health Insurance,all cause mortality,cancer mortality,Disparity}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27610.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27610_ffdb2cf00bfc53950a5e8cfc4fcf676c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Complex Regulatory Network of MicroRNAs, Transcription Factors, Gene Alterations in Adrenocortical Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2265-2268}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Several lines of evidence indicate that cancer is a multistep process. To survey the mechanisms involving genealteration and miRNAs in adrenocortical cancer, we focused on transcriptional factors as a point of penetrationto build a regulatory network. We derived three level networks: differentially expressed; related; and global. Atopology network ws then set up for development of adrenocortical cancer. In this network, we found that somepathways with differentially expressed elements (genetic and miRNA) showed some self-adaption relations, suchas EGFR. The differentially expressed elements partially uncovered mechanistic changes for adrenocorticalcancer which should guide medical researchers to further achieve pertinent research.}, keywords = {Adrenocortical cancer,network,Transcription factor,MicroRNA,target gene,host gene}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27611.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27611_89360fde8d8c2dd014b74f501ea1f97f.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Current Evidence on Associations Between the MMP-7 (-181A>G) Polymorphism and Digestive System Cancer Risk}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2269-2272}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade various components of the extracellular matrix and functionalpolymorphisms in encoding genes may contribute to genetic susceptibility to many cancers. Up to now, associationsbetween MMP-7 (-181A>G) and digestive system cancer risk have remained inconclusive. To better understandthe role of the MMP-7 (-181A>G) genotype in digestive cancer development, we conducted this comprehensivemeta-analysis encompassing 3,518 cases and 4,596 controls. Overall, the MMP-7 (-181A>G) polymorphism wasassociated with higher digestive system cancer risk on homozygote comparison (GG vs. AA, OR=1.21, 95% CI =1.12-1.60) and in a dominant model (GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.16, 95% CI =1.03-1.46). On subgroup analysis, thispolymorphism was significantly linked to higher risks for gastric cancer (GG vs. AA, OR=1.22, 95% CI = 1.02-1.46; GA vs. AA, OR=1.82, 95% CI =1.16-2.87; GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.13, 95% CI =1.01-1.27; GG vs. GA/AA,OR= 1.25, 95% CI = 1.06-2.39. We also observed increased susceptibility to colorectal cancer and esophagealSCC in both homozygote (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.06-1.26) and heterozygote comparisons (OR = 1.45, 95% CI= 1.11-1.91). In the stratified analysis by controls, significant effects were only observed in population-basedstudies (GA vs. AA, OR=1.16, 95% CI=1.08-1.50; GA/AA vs. GG, OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.01-1.72). According to thesource of ethnicity, a significantly increased risk was found among Asian populations in the homozygote model(GG vs. AA, OR=1.40, 95% CI=1.12–1.69), heterozygote model (GA vs. AA, OR=1.26, 95% CI=1.02–1.51), anddominant model (GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.08–1.55). Our findings suggest that the MMP-7 (-181A>G)polymorphism may be a risk factor for digestive system cancer, especially among Asian populations.}, keywords = {MMP-7,Polymorphism,digestive cancer,Meta-analysis,ethnic variation}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27612.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27612_a9606db865bc9d11930fe466298f1c9c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Proteomic Profiling of Serum from Stage I Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2273-2276}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objectives: This study employed proteomic profiling to identify specific tumor markers that might improveearly diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Serum samples were isolated from 30 patients withstage I lung squamous cell carcinoma and 30 age-and gender-matched healthy controls, and proteomic profileswere obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Results: Threehighly expressed potential tumor markers were identified in the sera of stage I lung squamous cell carcinomapatients, with molecular weights of 3261.69, 3192.07, and 2556.92 Da. One protein peak with molecular weight3261.69 Da was chosen as the candidate biomarker and identified as a fibrinogen alpha chain through a searchof the IPI, NCBI or SWISS-PROT protein databases. Conclusion: As a potential tumor biomarker, fibrinogenalpha chain may be applicable for the early diagnosis and prognosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.}, keywords = {Lung cancer,Squamous Cell Carcinoma,fibrinogen alpha chain,tumor biomarker}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27613.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27613_0875ccdad4271777c39b4795a5bc2239.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effects of Age, Breast Density and Volume on Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Retrospective Comparison of Sensitivity of Mammography and Ultrasonography in China’s Rural Areas}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2277-2282}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Purpose: Mammography has been confirmed as the only effective mode to improve the prognosis of patientswith breast cancer in Western developed countries, but might not be a good choice in other areas of the world.One of the major challenges in China is to determine an optimal imaging modality for breast cancer screening.This study was designed to clarify the sensitivity of ultrasonography compared with that of mammography inrural China. Methods: We retrospectively studied the sensitivity of mammography and ultrasonography basedon 306 breast cancer patients detected by the program of “screening for cervical cancer and breast cancer”performed in Chinese rural areas between January 2009 and December 2011, and analyzed the effects of age,breast density and volume on the sensitivity. Results: Stratified analysis showed that the sensitivity of breastultrasonography was significantly higher than that of mammography in premenopausal patients (81.4% vs.61.1%, p=0.02), in women ≤ 55 years of age (82.2% vs. 63.4%, p<0.01), in the high breast density group (AmericanCollege of Radiology [ACR] levels 3-4) (85.9% vs. 60.6%, p<0.01) and in the small breast volume group (≤400ml) (87.1% vs. 66.7%, p<0.01). Age had a significant effect on sensitivity of mammography (breast density andvolume-adjusted odds ratio, 6.39; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-14.4 in age group > 55 compared to age group≤ 45), but not that of ultrasonography. Neither breast density nor volume had significant effect on sensitivityof mammography or ultrasonography. Conclusions: Ultrasonography is more sensitive than mammography indetecting breast cancer in women under 55 year-old Chinese, especially in those with high-density and relativelysmall breasts.}, keywords = {Breast Cancer Screening,mammography,Ultrasonography,Sensitivity,rural China}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27614.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27614_611540722d2147c972f3412c1e60ba74.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Xeliri Plus Bevacizumab Compared with Folfiri Plus Bevacizumab as First-Line Setting in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Experiences at Two-Institutions}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2283-2288}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Efficacy of chemotherapy plus bevacizumab has been shown in patients with metastatic colorectalcancer (mCRC) compared with chemotherapy alone. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacyand safety of FOLFIRI or XELIRI regimens in combination with bevacizumab for mCRC patients in a first-linesetting. Materials and Methods: A total of 132 patients with previously untreated and histologically confirmedmCRC were included. They were treated with either FOLFIRI-Bevacizumab (Bev) or XELIRI-Bev accordingto physician preference. The efficacy and safety of the two regimens were compared. Results: Between 2006and 2010, 68 patients were treated with the XELIRI-Bev regimen, while the remaining 64 patients received theFOLFIRI-Bev regimen. The median age was 58.5 years (53.6 years in the FOLFIRI-Bev and 59.7 years in theXELIRI-Bev arm, p=0.01). Objective response rate was 51.6% for FOLFIRI-Bev versus 41.2% for XELIRI-Bev(p=0.38). At the median follow-up of 24.5 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was not differentbetween two groups (14.2 months in FOLFIRI-Bev vs. not reached in the XELIRI-Bev, p=0.30). However,median overall survival time for the FOLFIRI-Bev arm was better than that for patients treated with XELIRIBev,but these differences was not statistically significant (37.8 months vs. 28.7 months, respectively, p=0.58).Most commonly reported grade 3-4 toxicities (FOLFIRI-Bev vs XELIRI-Bev) were nausea/vomiting (7.8% vs.14.7%, p=0.27), diarrhea (10.9% vs 22.1%, p=0.10), hand-foot syndrome (0% vs 8.8%, p=0.02) and neutropenia(18.7% vs 27.9%, p=0.22). Conclusion: Our results showed that FOLFIRI-Bev and XELIRI-Bev regimens weresimilarly effective treatments in a first-line setting for patients with untreated mCRC, with manageable adverseevent profiles.}, keywords = {Colorectal carcinoma,Chemotherapy,Irinotecan,capecitabine,Bevacizumab}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27615.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27615_381bcdf9d99624fa8d70db2b81258c91.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Aberrant Expression of miR-20a and miR-203 in Cervical Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2289-2293}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that are critical regulators of various diseases. MicroRNA-20a (miR-20a) and microRNA-203 (miR-203) have previously shown significant alteration in a range of cancers.In this study, the expression levels of miR-20a and miR-203 in 100 cervical cancer tissues were detected byqRT–PCR and compared to patient matched-nontumor cervical tissues. Correlations between expression leveland clinicopathologic characteristics of cervical cancer were also analyzed. Finally, we studied the effect of miR-20a and miR-203 on cell proliferation in cervical cancer cell lines by MTT. We found that the expression levelof miR-20a (P<0.001) was significantly higher in cervical cancer patients than in healthy controls, while thatof miR-203 (P<0.001) was lower. Aberrant expression of miR-20a was correlated with lymph node metastasis(LNM), histological grade and tumor diameter, but down-regulated miR-203 was correlated with LNM only.Furthermore, we found that over-expression of miR-203 decreased cell proliferation, while reduction of miR-20a also prevented tumor progression. Our results support the involvement of miR-20a and miR-203 in cervicaltumorigenesis. We propose that miRNAs might be used as therapeutic agents for cervical cancer.}, keywords = {miR-20a,miR-203,cervical cancer,therapeutic agents}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27616.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27616_1854fea03bc802f20297115916257d00.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Caveolin-1, Through its Ability to Negatively Regulate TLR4, is a Crucial Determinant of MAPK Activation in LPS-challenged Mammary Epithelial Cells}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2295-2299}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: To explore the role of caveolin-1(CAV-1) gene silencing on MAPK activation in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-challenged human mammary epithelial cells. Methods: We established a MCF-10ACE of CAV-1 genesilencing from human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A by RNAi technology. DNA Microarray wereused to detect the expression of inflammation-associated genes in MCF10ACE. Western blotting was used toexamine the activation of MAPK in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-challenged MCF-10A and MCF-10ACE. Moreover,immunofluorescence and Western bloting were performed to detect the co-localization of CAV-1 and toll-likereceptor 4 (TLR4) in human mammary epithelial cells. Results: MCF-10ACE exhibited significant increases ininflammation-associated gene expression, especially IL-6 (~7-fold) and IL6R (~17-fold). In addition, LPS-inducedp38 MAPK and JNK MAPK activation was significantly increased in MCF-10ACE. Furthermore, CAV-1 colocalizedwith TLR4 and appeared a negative correlation trend. Conclusion: CAV-1 gene silencing promotesMAPK activation via TLR4 signaling in human mammary epithelial cells response to LPS.}, keywords = {Cav-1,LPS-MAPK pathway,TLR4,mastitis,breast cancer}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27406.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27406_8f359eca7463bbefd75e3149eca81083.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Isolation of a Quinone-rich Fraction from Ardisia crispa Roots and its Attenuating Effects on Murine Skin Tumorigenesis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2301-2305}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Ardisia crispa (Family: Myrsinaceae) is an evergreen, fruiting shrub that has been traditionally used asfolklore medicine. Despite a scarcity of research publications, we have succeeded in showing suppressive effectson murine skin papillomagenesis. In extension, the present research was aimed at determining the effect ofa quinone-rich fraction (QRF) isolated from the same root hexane extract on both initiation and promotionstages of carcinogenesis, at the selected dose of 30 mg/kg. Mice (groups I-IV) were initiated with a single doseof 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA, 100 μg/100 μl) followed by repeated promotion of croton oil (1%)twice weekly for 20 weeks. In addition, group I (anti-initiation) received QRF 7 days before and after DMBA;group II (anti-promotion) received QRF 30 minutes before each croton oil application; group III (anti-initiation/promotion) was treated with QRF as a combination of group I and II. A further two groups served as vehiclecontrol (group V) and treated control (group VI). As carcinogen control, group IV showed the highest tumorvolume (8.79±5.44) and tumor burden (3.60±1.17). Comparatively, group III revealed only 20% of tumorincidence, tumor burden (3.00±1.00) and tumor volume (2.40±1.12), which were significantly different fromgroup IV. Group II also showed significant reduction of tumor volume (3.11), tumor burden (3.00) and tumorincidence (11.11%), along with prominent increase of latency period of tumor formation (week 12). Group I,nonetheless, demonstrated marked increment of tumor incidence by 40% with prompted latency period of tumorformation (week 7). No tumor formation was observed in groups V and VI. This study provided clear evidenceof inhibitory effects of QRF during promotion period which was in agreement with our previous findings. Themechanism(s) underlying such effects have yet to be elucidated.}, keywords = {Skin Cancer,murine carcinogenesis model,tumor initiation,tumor promotion,Ardisia crispa}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27620.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27620_42f05926ddc745a801ea1f0fbd352644.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Enhanced Antitumor Effect of Curcumin Liposomes with Local Hyperthermia in the LL/2 Model}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2307-2310}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Curcumin previously was proven to inhibit angiogenesis and display potent antitumor activity in vivo andin vitro. In the present study, we investigated whether a combination curcumin with hyperthermia would havea synergistic antitumor effect in the LL/2 model. The results indicated that combination therapy significantlyinhibited cell proliferation of MS-1 and LL/2 in vitro. LL/2 experiment model also demonstrated that thecombination therapy inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the life span in vivo. Furthermore, combinationtherapy reduced angiogenesis and increased tumor apoptosis. Our findings suggest that the combination therapyexerted synergistic antitumor effects, providing a new perspective fpr clinical tumor therapy.}, keywords = {curcumin,Hyperthermia,Anti-angiogenesis,Apoptosis,antitumor therapy}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27622.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27622_e36ca6101f078a32c783843021db75cc.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Down-regulation of Long Non-coding RNA TUG1 Inhibits Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2311-2315}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective: To investigate the expression level of TUG1 and one of its transcript variants (n377360) inosteosarcoma cells and assess the role of TUG1 in proliferation and apoptosis in the U2OS cell line. Methods:TUG1 and n377360 expression levels in patients with osteosarcomas and the U2OS human osteosarcoma cellline were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR. U2OS cells were transected with TUG1 and n377360siRNA or non-targeting siRNA. MTS was performed to assess the cell proliferation and flow cytometry wasapplied to analyze apoptosis. Results: We found significantly higher TUG1 and n377360 expression levels inosteosarcoma tissues compared with matched non-tumorous tissues. In line with this, suppression of TUG1and n377360 expression by siRNA significantly impaired the cell proliferation potential of osteosarcoma cells.Furthermore, inhibition of TUG1 expression significantly promoted osteosarcoma cell apoptosis. Conclusions:The overexpression of TUG1 and n377360 in osteosarcoma specimens and the functional role of TUG1 andn377360 regarding cell proliferation and apoptosis in an osteosarcoma cell line provided evidence that the useof TUG1 or n377360 may be a viable but an as yet unexplored therapeutic strategy in tumors that over expressthese factors.}, keywords = {TUG1,osteosarcoma,Proliferation,Apoptosis}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27624.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27624_aa3d48d1d7db456a1cc26dab82aa38a3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Testing the Transtheoretical Model in Predicting Smoking Relapse among Malaysian Adult Smokers Receiving Assistance in Quitting}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2317-2323}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The role of The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) in predicting relapse is limited. We aimed to assess whether thismodel can be utilised to predict relapse during the action stage. The participants included 120 smokers who hadabstained from smoking for at least 24 hours following two Malaysian universities’ smoking cessation programme.The smokers who relapsed perceived significantly greater advantages related to smoking and increasing doubt intheir ability to quit. In contrast, former smokers with greater self-liberation and determination to abstain wereless likely to relapse. The findings suggest that TTM can be used to predict relapse among quitting smokers.}, keywords = {Model,smoking,Male,cessation,nicotine dependence}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27626.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27626_6a7592e5cb99706d0db8467e7b434c40.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Plumbagin from Plumbago Zeylanica L Induces Apoptosis in Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines through NFkB Inactivation}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2325-2331}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective: To detect effects of plumbagin on proliferation and apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer celllines, and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Human non-small cell lung cancercell lines A549, H292 and H460 were treated with various concentrations of plumbagin. Cell proliferationrates was determined using both cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and clonogenic assays. Apoptosis was detected byannexin V/propidium iodide double-labeled flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. The levels of reactive oxygenspecies (ROS) were detected by flow cytometry. Activity of NF-kB was examined by electrophoretic mobilityshift assay (EMSA) and luciferase reporter assay. Western blotting was used to assess the expression of bothNF-kB regulated apoptotic-related gene and activation of p65 and IkBk. Results: Plumbagin dose-dependentlyinhibited proliferation of the lung cancer cells. The IC50 values of plumbagin in A549, H292, and H460 cells were10.3 μmol/L, 7.3 μmol/L, and 6.1 μmol/L for 12 hours, respectively. The compound concentration-dependentlyinduced apoptosis of the three cell lines. Treatment with plumbagin increased the intracellular level of ROS, andinhibited the activation of NK-kB. In addition to inhibition of NF-kB/p65 nuclear translocation, the compoundalso suppressed the degradation of IkBk. ROS scavenger NAC highly reversed the effect of plumbagin onapoptosis and inactivation of NK-kB in H460 cell line. Treatment with plumbagin also increased the activity ofcaspase-9 and caspase-3, downregulated the expression of Bcl-2, upregulated the expression of Bax, Bak, andCytC. Conclusions: Plumbagin inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in human lung cancer cells throughan NF-kB-regulated mitochondrial-mediated pathway, involving activation of ROS.}, keywords = {Plumbagin,NSCLC,Apoptosis,NF-KB,reactive oxygen species,mitochondrial pathway,caspase}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27628.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27628_776c5c82e00648a4a5fd344fc4dfaa9c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Epidemiology of Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma in Golestan, Iran}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2333-2336}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: The aim of this paper was to present the incidence rates of leukemia and multiple myeloma(MM) in Golestan province located in northeastern Iran during 2004-2009. Materials and Methods: This wasa descriptive cross-sectional study. Data on newly diagnosed (incident) leukemia and MM cases were obtainedfrom collected from Golestan population-based cancer registry. Data was entered into CanReg-4 software. Agestandardized incidence rates (ASR) (per 100000 person-years) for leukemia and MM were calculated. Data onGolestan population was obtained from the data of Iranian national census in 2006. Results: Totally, 11036 newcancer cases were registered in GPRC from 2004-2009. Leukemia and MM accounted for 693 and 124 of cases,respectively. The mean age in patients with leukemia and MM was 43.8 and 62.4 years, respectively. The ASRsfor leukemia among men and women were 10.4 and 7.8, respectively (p<0.001). The ASRs for MM were 2.1 and2 in men and women, respectively (p=0.93). The rate of leukemia was significantly higher in rural areas (p=0.02)whereas the incidence of MM was higher in urban areas (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our results showed a highincidence rate of leukemia in Golestan province of Iran. The incidence of leukemia was significantly higher inmales and residents of rural areas. High exposure to pesticides and other agricultural related products may be apossible explanation for epidemiological pattern of leukemia in this area. Determining and controlling importantrisk factors, especially environmental factors, of leukemia may lead to decrease in its burden in Golestan provinceof Iran.}, keywords = {Leukemia,multiple myeloma,Epidemiology,Golestan,Iran}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27632.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27632_9410017a4c80d33c7da0ab7a6ac6d775.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Association of mir-499 and mir-149 Polymorphisms with Cancer Risk in the Chinese Population: Evidence from Published Studies}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2337-2342}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Meta-analyses have shown that microRNA polymorphisms have variable effects in different population. Yet,no meta-analysis investigated the association of two common polymorphisms of miRNA, mir-499 rs3746444polymorphism and mir-149 rs2292832 polymorphism, with cancer risk in the Chinese population. We searchedthe PubMed, Web of Knowledge, MEDLINE, CNKI databases, as well as Cochrane library, updated on December31, 2012 for assays regarding cancer risk association with these two common polymorphisms in the presentmeta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to explore the strengthof associations. The results showed that rs3746444 polymorphism was associated with increased cancer risk(dominant model: GG/AG vs. AA: OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.14-1.80; recessive model: GG vs. AG/AA: OR = 1.54,95% CI: 1.04-2.30; homozygote model: GG vs. AA: OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.10-2.60; heterozygote model: AG vs.AA: OR = 1. 35, 95% CI: 1.09-1.67), and rs3746444 was associated with liver cancer in the subgroup of cancertypes. For the rs2292832 polymorphism, the results showed no significant risk association in both overall pooledanalysis and subgroup of cancer types, smoking status, gender and tea drinking status in the Chinese population.This meta-analysis suggested that the rs3746444 GG genotype is associated with increased cancer risk, especiallyliver cancer, while the rs2292832 polymorphism showed no association with cancer risk in Chinese.}, keywords = {cancer,microRNA (miRNA),polymorphisms,Chinese population,Meta-analysis}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27634.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27634_dd8c666cc9d8450041de56f0d80f3d70.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effects of Celecoxib on Cycle Kinetics of Gastric Cancer Cells and Protein Expression of Cytochrome C and Caspase-9}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2343-2347}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective: This investigation aimed to determine effects of celecoxib on the cell cycle kinetics of the gastriccancer cell line MGC803 and the mechanisms involved by assessing expression of cytochrome C and caspase-9at the protein level. Methods: Cell proliferation of MGC803 was determined by MTT assay after treatment withcelecoxib. Apoptosis was assessed using fluorescence staining and cell cycle kinetics by flow cytometry. Westernblotting was used to detect the expression of caspase-9 protein and of cytochrome C protein in cell cytosol andmitochondria. Results: Celecoxib was able to restrain proliferation and induce apoptosis in a dose- and timedependentmanner, inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, release of cytochrome C into the cytosol, and cleavageof pro-caspase-9 into its active form. Conclusion: Celecoxib can induce apoptosis in MGC803 cells through amechanism involving cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial cytochrome C release and caspase activation.}, keywords = {Celecoxib,MGC803,Cell cycle,cytochrome C,Caspase-9,Apoptosis}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27640.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27640_a810cf45b31735088d86c6ebe6cefbd7.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {NAD(P)H: Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T Gene Polymorphism Association with Digestive Tract Cancer: A Meta-analysis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2349-2354}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T gene polymorphisms have been reported to influence therisk for digestive tract cancer (DTC) in many studies; however, the results remain controversial and ambiguous.We therefore carried out a meta-analysis of published case-control studies to derive a more precise estimationof any associations. Electronic searches were conducted on links between this variant and DTC in severaldatabases through April 2012. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated toestimate the strength of associations in fixed or random effect models. Heterogeneity and publication bias werealso assessed. A total of 21 case-control studies were identified, including 6,198 cases and 7,583 controls. Overall,there was a statistically significant association between the NQO1 C609T polymorphism and DTC risk (TT vs.CC: OR=1.224, 95%CI=1.055-1.421; TT/CT vs. CC: OR=1.195, 95%CI=1.073-1.330; TT vs. CT/CC: OR=1.183,95%CI=1.029-1.359; T vs. C: OR=1.180, 95%CI=1.080-1.290). When stratified for tumor location, the resultsbased on all studies showed the variant allele 609T might have a significantly increased risk of upper digest tractcancer (UGIC), but not colorectal cancer. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, we observed a significantly riskfor DTC in Caucasians. For esophageal and gastric cancer, a significantly risk was found in both populations,and for colorectal, a weak risk was observed in Caucasians, but not Asians. This meta-analysis suggested thatthe NQO1 C609T polymorphism may increase the risk of DTC, especially in the upper gastric tract.}, keywords = {Digestive tract cancer,Polymorphism,NQO1,Meta-analysis}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27641.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27641_4426b411e0bca479b805038a4901f168.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Preliminary Study on Human Papillomavirus Frequency and pecific Type-distribution in Vulva Cancer from Thai Women}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2355-2359}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Vulva cancer is rare among all gynecological cancer worldwide, including Thailand, and mainly affectsolder women. Persistent high risk type infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the one important factorfor developing cancer. In this study, we focused on HPV DNA investigation and type-specific distribution ofHPV in 25 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples collected from Thai women with vulva cancerhistologically confirmed by the National Cancer Institute, Thailand, during 2003-2011. HPV DNA detectionand genotyping were undertaken with polymerase-chain reaction and enzyme-immunoassay using GP5+/bio6+consensus specific primers and digoxigenin-labeled specific oligoprobes, respectively. Human β-globin genes wasused as the internal control. Our results showed that 44% (11/25) of all vulva cancer samples were HPV-positive.All of them are high risk HPV type infection, detected as single (63.64%, 7/11) and/or double infections (4/11,36.36%). HPV 16 was the most common type identified in vulva cancer, followed by HPV 35, 33, 18 and 58.In conclusion, this study presented that HPV-16 is observed at the highest frequency in this cancer, similar tocervical cancer, with HPV 18 being less frequent. Although the sample size was small and could not representoverall incidence and prevalence in Thai women, these preliminary data for vulva cancer are of interest sincethey reinforce the necessity for HPV screening or vaccination in Thailand.}, keywords = {human papillomavirus,Frequency,type distribution,vulva cancer,Thai women}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27643.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27643_99962ed855000b8b3cd73cfccc6cc72f.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effects of miR-155 Antisense Oligonucleotide on Breast arcinoma Cell Line MDA-MB-157 and Implanted Tumors}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2361-2366}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Diverse studies have shown that miR-155 is overexpressed in different tumor types. However, the precisemolecular mechanism of the ectopic expression of miR-155 in breast cancer is still poorly understood. Tofurther explore the role of miR-155 in breast tumorigenesis, we here assessed the influence of miR-155 antisenseoligonucleotide (miR-155 ASO) on MDA-MB-157 cell viability and apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, the effectsof inhibitory effects of miR-155 on the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo were determined with performanceof immunohistochemistry to detect expression of caspase-3, a pivotal apoptosis regulatory factor, in xenografts.Transfection efficiency detected by laser confocal microscope was higher than 80%. The level of miR-155expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the cells transfected with miR-155 ASO, compared withthat in cells transfected with a negative control. After being transfected with miR-155 ASO, the viability ofMDA-MB-157 cells was reduced greatly (P<0.05) and the number of apoptotic cells was increased significantly.Additionally, miR-155 ASO inhibited the growth of transplanted tumor in vivo and significantly increased theexpression of caspase-3. Taken together, our study revealed that miR-155 ASO can induce cell apoptosis andinhibit cell proliferation in vitro. Moreover, miR-155 ASO could significantly repress tumor growth in vivo,presumably by inducing apoptosis via caspase-3 up-regulation. These findings provide experimental evidencefor using miR-155 as a therapeutic target of breast carcinoma.}, keywords = {Breast Neoplasms,microRNA-155,antisense oligonucleotide,MDA-MB-157 cells,nude mice}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27648.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27648_b5f0ebf31f832de7bc6e5720eda34e93.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Preventive Effects of Resveratrol against Azoxymethane nduced Damage in Rat Liver}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2367-2370}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: In recent years, due to modern lifestyles and exposure to chemical carcinogens, cancer casesare steadily increasing. From this standpoint, azoxymethane (AOM), a chemical carcinogen which causes denovo liver damage, and resveratrol, which is an antioxidant found in foods and protects against oxidative stressdamage, are of interest. We here aimed to evaluate whether resveratrol could protect the liver tissues from theeffects of AOM. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 4 groups, each consisting of seven rats, thefirst receiving only AOM (2 times per week, 5 mg/kg), group 2 AOM and resveratrol (2 times a week, 20 mg/kg),group 3 assessed only as a control and group 4 administered only resveratrol. At the end of the seventh week, therats were sacrificed. Rat liver MDA, NO, GSH levels were analyzed biochemically, as well as the tissues beingevaluated histopathologically. Results: MDA and NO increased in AOM group as signs of increased oxidativestress. The group concomitantly administered resveratrol was been found to be significantly decreased in MDAand NO levels and increased in GSH activity. However, there were no significant findings on histopathologicalevaluation. Conclusions: In the light of these results, resveratrol appears to exert protective effect on oxidatives tress in the liver tissue due to deleterious effects of chemical carcinogens.}, keywords = {oxidative stress,azoxymethane,Resveratrol,liver damage}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27651.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27651_e1e2b44ec9557a0afa9083b77e5fdc51.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Prediction and Analysis of Ligands against Estrogen Related eceptor Alpha}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2371-2375}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women around the world. Among the varioushormonal types of breast cancer, those that are estrogen receptor (ER) positive account for the majority. Amongthe estrogen related receptors, estrogen related receptor α is known to have a potential role in breast cancerand is one of the therapeutic target. Hence, prediction of novel ligands interact with estrogen related receptoralpha is therapeutically important. The present study, aims at prediction and analysis of ligands from the KEGGCOMPOUND database (containing 10,739 entries) able to interact against estrogen receptor alpha using asimilarity search and molecular docking approach.}, keywords = {breast cancer,estrogen related receptor alpha,Docking,Virtual screening}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27653.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27653_ca960dbc041e818ded47285603477035.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Comparison of Clinical Efficacy of Three Different NeoadjuvantApproaches (Chemotherapy Combined Vaginal Intracavitary Irradiation, Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Alone or Radiotherapy) Combined with Surgery for Patients with Stage Ib2 and IIa2 Cervical Canc}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2377-2381}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {A total of 285 patients with stage Ib2 and IIa2 cervical cancer were categorized into three groups, andreceived preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with vaginal intracavitary irradiation, neoadjuvantchemotherapy alone or radiotherapy, respectively. The effective rate of 70.6 % in group 1 was much higher than41.4% in group 2 (P=0.000) and 46.9 % in group 3 (P=0.000); The percentage of patients receiving postoperativeadjuvant therapy was 44.1% in group 1, much lower than 67.8% in group 2 (P=0.001) and 64.6% in group 3(P=0.004); The percentage of patients with no postoperative risk factor in group 1 was 52.0%, much higher than32.2% in group 2 (P=0.006) and 35.4% in group 3 (P=0.019); The occurrence rate of surgery-related complicationsin groups 1, 2 and 3 were 29.4%, 28.7%, and 33.3%, respectively, with no statistical differences among the groups(P=0.981). Regarding preoperative neoadjuvant complications, none were obvious in group 3, while occurrencerates of myelosuppression in groups 1 and 2 were 89.1% and 86.6%, of nausea and vomitting were 78.4%and 78.2%, but without significant differences (all P>0.05). Among 166 patients who received postoperativeadjuvant therapy in the three groups, the occurrence rates were: 65.4%, 64.3% and 61.1% respectively formyelosuppression; 42.3%, 38.1%, and 38.9% for nausea and vomiting; 9.6%, 9.5% and 9.7% for urocystitis;and 63.5%, 69.0% and 65.3% enteritis and rectitis. There were no statistically significant differences amongthem (all P>0.05). The five-year disease-free survival rates (DFS) in groups 1, 2, 3 were 78.3%, 75.1%, 80.9%,respectively; the five-year overall survival rates (OS) were 81.4%, 78.2%, and 81.1%, respectively. The five-yearOS of 166 patients receiving postoperative in the three groups were 72.4%, 69.5%, and 71.8%, respectively, withno significant variation (all P>0.05). Although there were no differences among three groups in DFS and OS,preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with intracavitary radiotherapy may increase the effectiverate and the percentage of patients with no postoperative risk factors and decrease the percentage of patientsreceiving postoperative adjuvant therapy, thereby decreasing complications indirectly and increasing qualityof life.}, keywords = {cervical cancer,Neoadjuvant chemotherapy,synchronous chemoradiation,intracavitary irradiation}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27656.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27656_9c56b0206d4f5e808842a986e9cae76f.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Soluble Expression of Recombinant Human Smp30 for Detecting Serum Smp30 Antibody Levels in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2383-2386}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated antigen, was earliershown by our research group to be highly expressed in HCC paracancerous tissues, but have low levels in HCCtissues. In order to detect anti-SMP30 antibody in serum of HCC patients, we established pET30a-SMP30 andpColdIII-SMP30 expression systems in Escherichia coli. However, the expression product was mainly in the formof inclusion bodies. In this research, we used several combinations of chaperones, four molecular chaperoneplasmids with pET30a-SMP30 and five molecular chaperone plasmids with pColdIII-SMP30 to increase theamount of soluble protein. Results showed that co-expression of HIS-SMP30 with pTf16, combined with theaddition of osmosis-regulator, and a two-step expression resulted in the highest enhancement of solubility. A totalof 175 cases of HCC serum were studied by ELISA to detect anti- SMP30 antibody with recombinant SMP30protein. Some 22 were positive and x2 two-sided tests all showed P>0.05, although it remained unclear whetherthere was a relationship between positive cases and clinical diagnostic data.}, keywords = {SMP30,Genetic engineering,soluble expression,molecular chaperone}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27660.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27660_acd137ccfdfc0ffc141137ed674ea025.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Bcl-2 on Apoptosis and Transcription Factor NF-kB Activation Induced by Adriamycin in Bladder Carcinoma BIU87 Cells}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2387-2391}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Resistance to apoptosis is a major obstacle preventing effective therapy for malignancies. Bcl-2 plays asignificant role in inhibiting apoptosis. We reconstructed a stable human Bcl-2 transfected cell line, BIU87-Bcl-2, that was derived from the transfection of human bladder carcinoma cell line BIU87 with a plasmid vectorcontaining recombinant Bcl-2 [pcDNA3.1(+)-Bcl-2]. A cell line transfected with the plasmid alone [pcDNA3.1(+)-neo] was also established as a control. BIU87 and BIU87-neo proved sensitive to adriamycin induced apoptosis,while BIU87-Bcl-2 was more resistant. In view of the growing evidence that NF-κB may play an important rolein regulating apoptosis, we determined whether Bcl-2 could modulate the activity of NF-κB in bladder carcinomacells. Stimulation of BIU87, BIU87-neo and BIU87-Bcl-2 with ADR resulted in an increase expression of NF-κB(p<0.001). The expression of NF-κB in BIU87-Bcl-2 was higher than in the other two cases, with a concomitantreduction in the IκBκ protein level. These results suggest that the overexpression of Bcl-2 renders human bladdercarcinoma cells resistant to adriamycin -induced cytotoxicity and there is a link between Bcl-2 and the NF-κBsignaling pathway in the suppression of apoptosis.}, keywords = {bladder cancer,Bcl-2,NF-κB,Apoptosis,adriamycin}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27661.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27661_90062d5d697dfe6984be13a26c4a94de.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Mitochondrial Genome Microsatellite Instability and Copy Number Alteration in Lung Carcinomas}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2393-2399}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is considered a hotspot of mutations in various tumors. However, therelationship between microsatellite instability (MSI) and mtDNA copy number alterations in lung cancer has yetto be fully clarifieds. In the current study, we investigated the copy number and MSI of mitochondrial genomein lung carcinomas, as well as their significance for cancer development. Methods: The copy number and MSIof mtDNA in 37 matched lung carcinoma/adjacent histological normal lung tissue samples were examined bypolymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) assays for sequence variation,followed by sequence analysis and fluorogenic 5’-nuclease real-time PCR. Student’s t test and linear regressionanalyses were employed to analyze the association between mtDNA copy number alterations and mitochondrialMSI (mtMSI). Results: The mean copy number of mtDNA in lung carcinoma tissue samples was significantlylower than that of the adjacent histologically normal lung tissue samples (p < 0.001). mtMSI was detected in 32.4%(12/37) of lung carcinoma samples. The average copy number of mtDNA in lung carcinoma samples containingmtMSI was significantly lower than that in the other lung carcinoma samples (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Resultssuggest that mtMSI may be an early and important event in the progression of lung carcinogenesis, particularlyin association with variation in mtDNA copy number.}, keywords = {MtDNA,Lung cancer,MSI,copy number,Mutation}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27662.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27662_d801fbd2138b63b8f31ef9918b89b53d.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Predictive Factors Determining Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Outcomes in Breast Cancer - a Single Center Experience}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2401-2406}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {From January 1, 2008 to March 31, 2010, 101 patients with stage II-III breast cancer were enrolled in thisstudy and subjected to an anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen with or without docetaxel.Surgery was performed after 2-6 cycles of chemotherapy, and the clinical response was determined by pathologicaland histochemical assessments. The clinical response rate, as indicated by complete response (CR), partialresponse (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD), were 6.9, 52.5, 36.6, and 4.0%, respectively. Amultivariable correlation analysis indicated that the overall clinical response rate correlated with the number ofmetastatic lymph nodes, number of chemotherapy cycles, and vessel invasion status. Importantly, the CR ratewas only associated with the number of chemotherapy cycles. Nonparametric tests failed to detect a correlationbetween HER2 or Topo IIα status and clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in these patients. Whenthey were stratified by HER2 or HR status, for HER2-positive patients the CR rate was associated with vesselinvasion and Topo IIα status. Based on our findings, we propose that HR, HER-2 and Topo IIα are not putativepredictive biomarkers of chemotherapy outcome for breast cancer patients. Topo IIα expression level was onlyinversely correlated with CR rate among HR-positive patients. Importantly, the achievement of CR was largelyrelated to the number of chemotherapy cycles.}, keywords = {Neoadjuvant chemotherapy,Invasive breast cancer,hormone receptor,HER2,topoisomerase IIα}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27663.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27663_721b1fe6a07d00edc97f12d1884c3721.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Post-diagnosis Soy Food Intake and Breast Cancer Survival: A Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2407-2412}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background and Objectives: Data on associations between soy food intake after cancer diagnosis with breastcancer survival are conflicting, so we conducted this meta-analysis for more accurate evaluation. Methods:Comprehensive searches were conducted to find cohort studies of the relationship between soy food intake aftercancer diagnosis and breast cancer survival. Data were analyzed with comprehensive meta-analysis software.Results: Five cohort studies (11,206 patients) were included. Pooling all comparisons, soy food intake afterdiagnosis was associated with reduced mortality (HR 0.85, 95%CI 0.77 0.93) and recurrence (HR 0.79, 95%CI0.72 0.87). Pooling the comparisons of highest vs. lowest dose, soy food intake after diagnosis was again associatedwith reduced mortality (HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.71 0.99) and recurrence (HR 0.74, 95%CI 0.64 0.85). Subgroup analysisof ER status showed that soy food intake was associated with reduced mortality in both ER negative (highestvs. lowest: HR 0.75, 95%CI 0.64 0.88) and ER positive patients (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.72, 95%CI 0.61 0.84),and both premenopausal (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.78, 95%CI 0.69 0.88) and postmenopausal patients (highestvs. lowest: HR 0.81, 95%CI 0.73 0.91). In additioin, soy food intake was associated with reduced recurrence inER negative (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.64, 95%CI 0.44 0.94) and ER+/PR+ (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.65, 95%CI0.49 0.86), and postmenopausal patients (highest vs. lowest: HR 0.67, 95%CI 0.56 0.80). Conclusion: Our metaanalysisshowed that soy food intake might be associated with better survival, especially for ER negative, ER+/PR+, and postmenopausal patients.}, keywords = {soy foods,Breast Neoplasms,survival,Meta-analysis,receptor status,postmenopausal}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27665.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27665_fc0b15f47675e24cb667928541889c5e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Versus Placebo as Maintenance Therapy for Advanced Nonsmall-cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2413-2419}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Use of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs ) is now standard for nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effects of EGFR-TKIs in maintenance therapy for advancedNSCLC patients are still unclear. The preent meta-analysis was performed to examine pooled data of randomizedcontrol trials (RCT) where EGFR-TKIs were compared against placebo in maintenance regimens for patientswith advanced NCSLC to quantify potential benefits and determine safety. Methods: Several data bases weresearched, including PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL, and we performed an internet search of conferenceliterature. The endpoints were objective response rates (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overallsurvival (OS). We performed a meta-analysis of the published data, using Comprehensive Meta Analysis software(Version 2.0). with a fixed effects model and an additional random effects model, when applicable. The resultsof the meta-analysis are expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) or risk ratios (RRs), with their corresponding 95%confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results: The final analysis included six trials, covering 3,758 patients. Comparedwith placebo, EGFR-TKIs maintenance therapy improved ORR and PFS for patients with advanced NSCLC, thedifference being statistically significant (P<0.05), but proved unable to prolong patients’ OS. The main adversereactions were diarrhea and rashes. Conclusion: EGFR-TKIs demonstrated encouraging efficacy, safety andsurvival when delivered as maintenance therapy for patients with advanced NSCLC after first-line chemotherapy,especially for the patients who had adenocarcinomas, were female, non-smokers and patients with EGFR genemutations.}, keywords = {EGFR-TKIs,NSCLC,maintenance therapy}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27667.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27667_37aaf75cad27eb7f1d91a7a6572c0aa7.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Treatment Outcomes of Paclitaxel for Refractory or Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients in Thailand}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2421-2427}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: To study the response rate, toxicity profiles, and survival of refractory or recurrent epithelialovarian cancer (EOC) patients treated with paclitaxel. Materials and Methods: Patients with refractory orrecurrent EOC who were treated with paclitaxel between January 2002 and December 2011 at the Departmentof Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital were identified. Clinicopathological featuresof the patients including detailed data of paclitaxel treatment were collected. Results: During the study period, atotal of 44 patients were identified, with a mean age of 52.9±8.2 years. Some 13.6% (six patients) had refractorycancer to first-line chemotherapy while 86.4% (38 patients) had recurrent cancer. Among these, 35 (79.6%)and 9 (20.4%) patients were considered as platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant, respectively. Threepatients (6.8%) received fewer than 2 cycles of paclitaxel due to loss to follow-up, leaving 41 patients evaluablefor response. The overall response rate observed in all 41 patients was 41.5% (17 patients; 12 complete andfive partial responses): 12.5% or 1/8 patients with refractory or platinum-resistant cancer and 48.5% or 16/33patients with platinum-sensitive disease. Stable disease was demonstrated in 17.0% (seven patients) whileprogressive disease was apparent in 41.5% (17 patients). Median time to progress was 4.5 months (range, 0.67-58.6 months). Median progression-free survival was not reached while median overall survival was 16.3 months(95% confidence interval, 11.0 months -21.6 months). Common toxicities were neutropenia, neuropathy, andalopecia. Conclusions: Paclitaxel is an active agent for refractory or recurrent EOC. Neutropenia, neuropathyand alopecia are common side effects.}, keywords = {Recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma,Paclitaxel,response rate,Thailand}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27668.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27668_6f1eb2bbe1f0f1e5d9b7ba8b51c00ee8.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Epidemiology of Esophageal Cancer in Yanting - Regional Report of a National Screening Programme in China}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2429-2432}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background and Objectives: Yanting in Sichuan Province is one of the highest risk areas of esophageal cancer(EC) in the world. We here summarize the epidemiology of EC in Yanting using data from the national screeningprogramme during 2006-2011. Methods: Random cluster sampling was used to select a proportion of naturalvillages from six towns in Yanting, and residents aged 40-69 years old were invited for screening. Participantswere screened using endoscopy with iodine staining and then confirmed by histological examinations. Results:The overall detection rates of low-grade hyperplasia (LH), moderate hyperplasia (MH), high-grade hyperplasia(HH), carcinoma in situ (CIS), intramucosal carcinoma (IC) and invasive carcinoma (INC) were 5.33%, 1.28%,0.68% , 0.15% , 0.06% and 0.29%, respectively. The detection rates of LH, MH, HH and INC increased withage, reaching the peak among those aged 60-65 years, and the prevalences of LH and MH were higher amongmen than among women. In addition, the detection rates of hyperplasia were much higher in mountainous thanin hilly areas. Conclusions: Among the high risk population, there are a great number of people with early-stageEC or precancerous conditions who do not have presenting symptoms. In particular, the elderly, men, or thoseliving in mountainous areas are the most vulnerable population. It is therefore important to reinforce healtheducation and screening services among such high risk populations.}, keywords = {Esophageal cancer - screening assessment - Yanting,China - high risk population}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27669.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27669_cfb13d396ea050544aa773818b54345f.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Gene Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk in a Chinese Population}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2433-2437}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent regulator of angiogenesis and thereby involved in thedevelopment and progression of solid tumours. Associations between three VEGF gene polymorphisms (-634G/C, +936 C/T, and +1612 G/A) and breast cancer risk have been extensively studied, but the currently availableresults are inconclusive. Our aim was to investigate associations between three VEGF gene polymorphisms andbreast cancer risk in Chinese Han patients. We performed a hospital-based case-control study including 680female incident breast cancer patients and 680 female age-matched healthy control subjects. Polymerase chainreaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was performed to detect the threeVEGF gene polymorphisms. We observed that women carriers of +936 TT genotypes [odds ratio (OR) =0.46,95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28, 0.76; P=0.002] or 936 T-allele (OR=0.81, 95% CI= 0.68, 0.98; P=0.03) hada protective effect concerning the disease. Our study suggested that the +1612G/A polymorphism was unlikelyto be associated with breast cancer risk. The -634CC genotype was significantly associated with high tumoraggressiveness [large tumor size (OR=2.63, 95% CI=1.15, 6.02; P=0.02) and high histologic grade (OR=1.47,95% CI= 1.06, 2.03; P=0.02)]. The genotypes were not related with other tumor characteristics such as regionalor distant metastasis, stage at diagnosis, or estrogen or progesterone receptor status. Our study revealed thatthe VEGF -634 G/C and +936 C/T gene polymorphisms may be associated with breast cancer in Chinese Hanpatients.}, keywords = {VEGF,Single nucleotide polymorphism,Breast cancer risk,Han Chinese}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27670.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27670_4df7ca4e86792cecf32dd401c8cf41bf.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Associations of IL-10 Gene Polymorphisms with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Hunan, China}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2439-2442}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {We investigated the possible association of interleukin-10 (IL-10) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)and susceptibility to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in 115 patients and 137 healthy controls. Genetic analysisof IL-10 SNPs at -819 and -592 was carried out with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengthpolymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approach. The IL-10 mRNA expression of AML patients and controls with differentgenotype was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Genetic analysis of IL-10revealed that the -819AA genotype frequencies and the -819A allele frequencies in the AML group were higherthan in the controls (59.1% vs 40.9%; 75.6% vs 63.9%, respectively); there were remarkable differences in-819T/C and -592A/C gene distribution (P<0.05) and the TA haploid frequencies were higher in the AML group(75.6% vs 63.9%, P<0.05). IL-10 mRNA expression in incipient AML patients was obvious higher than the nontumorgroup and the remission group (7.78×10-3 vs 2.43×10-3, 3.64×10-3, P<0.05).The study suggested that thehaploid TA and genotype TA/TA may be associated with AML in Han people in Hunan province.The IL-10 SNPsat -819 and -592 sites were associated with AML and may affect IL-10 mRNA expression in AML patients.}, keywords = {Gene polymorphisms - AML - IL-10 - SNP - Hunan,China}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27671.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27671_c9be62475b89a8f077087fbefeb770fa.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Utility of VEGF and sVEGFR-1 in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Differential Diagnosis of Primary Lung Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2443-2446}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Published data have shown that the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and soluble VEGFreceptor-1 (sVEGFR-1) in plasma and pleural effusion might be usefulness for lung cancer diagnosis. Here, weperformed a prospective study to investigate the utility of VEGF and sVEGFR-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) for differential diagnosis of primary lung cancer. A total of 56 patients with solitary pulmonary massedby chest radiograph or CT screening were enrolled in this study. BALF and plasma samples were obtained fromall patients and analyzed for VEGF and sVEGFR-1 using a commercially available sandwich ELISA kit. Theresults showed that the levels of VEGF in BALF were significantly higher in patients with a malignant pulmonarymass compared with patients with a benign mass (P < 0.001). However, no significant difference of sVEGFR-1in BALF was found between malignant and non-malignant groups (P = 0.43). With a cut-off value of 214 pg/ml,VEGF showed a sensitivity and specificity of 81.8% and 84.2%, respectively, in predicting the malignant natureof a solitary pulmonary mass. Our study suggests that VEGF is significantly increased in BALF among patientswith lung cancer than in benign diseases. Measurement of VEGF in BALF might be helpful for differentialdiagnosis of primary lung cancer.}, keywords = {Lung cancer,Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,VEGF,sVEGFR-1}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27672.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27672_dff70e048455e4d958093254a7654bb7.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Inhibition by Imatinib of Expression of O-glycan-related Glycosyltransferases and Tumor-associated Carbohydrate Antigens in the K562 Human Leukemia Cell Line}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2447-2451}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective: To study changes of tumor associated carbohydrate antigen (TACAs) expression and mRNA levelsfor tumor associated glycosyltransferases, and assess subcellular localizations of N-acetyl galactosyltransferases(GalNAc-Ts) in the K562 leukemia cell line after imatinib treatment. Methods: RT-PCR was performed toanalyze the expression of glycosyltransferases which synthesize O-glycan in tumor-associated carbohydrateantigens (TCTAs). The expression of Tn antigen, T antigen and sialyl T antigen on K562 cell membraneswas measured by flow cytometry after treatment with different concentrations of imatinib. Co-localization ofGalNAc-Ts and ER (endoplasmic reticulum) was determined by confocal laser scanning microcopy. Results:Transcript expression levels of several glycosyltransferases related to TCTAs were decreased after imatinib(0-0.3μM) treatment. Expression of Tn antigen and T antigen was increased while that of sialyl T antigen wasdecreased. Co-localization of GalNAc-Ts and ER was reduced by 0.2μM of imatinib. Conclusion: Imatinibinhibited the expression of O-glycan related TACAs and several related glycosyltransferases, while decreasingthe co-localization of GalNAc-Ts and ER and normalizing O-glycosylation in the K562 human leukemia cell.}, keywords = {imatinib,K562,glycosyltransferases,tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens,leukemia cells}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27673.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27673_5187fb360b4dcf1659c3173156b6ef51.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Risk of Serious Neutropenic Events in Cancer Patients Treated with Bevacizumab: A Meta-analysis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2453-2459}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Bevacizumab has been approved for use in combination with chemotherapy to treat many types of cancerbut associated neutropenic events, including febrile neutropenia, have been reported. To estimate the incidenceand relative risk of neutropenic events in cancer patients treated with bevacizumab combination therapy, wesearched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science literature databases, as well as abstracts presented at theAmerican Society of Clinical Oncology conferences, to identify relevant studies published from January 1966 toDecember 2011. Studies that compared bevacizumab plus chemotherapy or biological therapy with chemotherapyor biological therapy alone, and that had adequate safety data profiles, were selected for analysis. Statisticalanalyses were conducted to calculate the summary incidence rates, relative risks (RRs), and 95% confidenceintervals (CIs) using fixed- or random-effects models. A total of 22 clinical trials involving 15,056 patients wereincluded in the analysis. The summary incidences of high-grade neutropenia (HGN) and high-grade febrileneutropenia (HGFN) in patients receiving bevacizumab was 27.3% (95% CI: 26.4%-28.3%) and 3.91% (95%CI: 3.51%-4.37%), respectively. The risks of HGN (RR=1.10; 95% CI: 1.02-1.19; P=0.02) and HGFN (RR=1.31;95% CI: 1.08–1.59; P=0.005) were significantly increased in bevacizumab-treated patients, compared to those whodid not receive bevacizumab. The RR of bevacizumab-associated HGN, but not HGFN, varied significantly withtumor types (P=0.005). The increased risk of bevacizumab-associated neutropenic events was dose-dependent,as the RR was greater at a dose of 5 mg/kg/week than at 2.5 mg/kg/week. Our findings suggest that bevacizumabaddition to cancer therapy significantly increases the risk of serious neutropenic events, and this risk may bedose-dependent.}, keywords = {Bevacizumab,neutropenia,febrile neutropenia,cancer,Meta-analysis}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27674.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27674_a7157137a73ba06f2af3a0ae6c711d9a.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Estimation of Gas-particle partitioning Coefficients (K) of Carcinogenic polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons in Carbonaceous Aerosols Collected at Chiang - Mai, Bangkok and hat-Yai, Thailand}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2461-2476}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {To assess environmental contamination with carcinogens, carbonaceous compounds, water-soluble ionicspecies and trace gaseous species were identified and quantified every three hours for three days st three different atmospheric layer at the heart of chiang-Mai, bangkok and hat-Yai from December 2006 to February 2007. A DRI model 2001 Themal/Optical Carbon Analyzer with the IMPROVE thermal/optical reflectance (TOR) protocol was used to quantify the organic carbon and elemental carbon content in PM Diurnal and vertical variability was also carefully investigated. In general, OC and EC contenttration shoeed the highest values at the monitoring period o 21.00-00.00 as consequences of human activities at night bazaar coupled with reduction of mixing layer, decreased wind speed and termination of photolysis nighttime. Morning peaks of carboaceous compounds were observed during the sampling period of 06:00 -09:00, emphasizing the main contribution of traffic emission in the three cities. The estimation of incremental lifetime partculate matter close to the observatory sites. The average values of incremental lifrtime particulate matter exposure of total carbon at Baiyoke Suit Hotel and Baiyoke Sky Hotel are approsimately ten time shigher then those air sample collected at prince of songkla Unoversity Hat- ai campus corpse incinerator and fish-can maufacturing factory but only slightly higher than those of rice atraw burnig in Songkla province. Interestingly, the absorption mode alone plays a minor role in gas-partcle partitiining of PAHs in Chiang-Mai, Bangkok and hat-Yai.}, keywords = {Carbonaceous aerosols- vertical distribution-gas particle partitioning coefficient(K)-PAHs,Thailand}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27681.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27681_5c92213c21b612ad68fb153171a834b9.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Prognostic Significance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (PET)-based Parameters in Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Treatment of Esophageal Carcinoma}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2477-2481}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Aims and Background: The purpose of the research was to study the prognostic value of tumor 18F-FDGPET-based parameters in neoadjuvant chemoradiation for patients with squamous esophageal carcinoma.Methods: Sixty patients received chemoradiation therapy followed by esophagectomy and two 18FDG-PETexaminations at pre- and post-radiation therapy. PET-based metabolic-response parameters were calculatedbased on histopathologic response. Linear regression correlation and Cox proportional hazards models wereused to determine prognostic value of all PET-based parameters with reference to overall survival. Results:Sensitivity (88.2%) and specificity (86.5%) of a percentage decrease of SUVmax were better than other PETbasedparameters for prediction of histopathologic response. Only percentage decrease of SUVmax and tumorlength correlated with overall survival time (linear regression coefficient β: 0.704 and 0.684, P<0.05). The Coxproportional hazards model indicated higher hazard ratio (HR=0.897, P=0.002) with decrease of SUVmaxcompared with decrease of tumor size (HR=0.813, P=0.009). Conclusion: Decrease of SUVmax and tumor sizeare significant prognostic factors in chemoradiation of esophageal carcinoma.}, keywords = {Esophageal Cancer,Chemoradiation,positron emission tomography,Prognostic factors}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27675.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27675_607b72e205e395bfeba3d32291aa2389.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Survey on Knowledge and Attitudes Related to the Relation between Tobacco, Alcohol Abuse and Cancer in the Northern State of Sudan}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2483-2486}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of tobacco smoking, toombak dippingand alcohol consumption as risk factors for cancer in the adult population of the northern state of Sudan.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey from March to April 2010, covering 963 adults, was performed.Result: Only 207 had responded, and the male female prevalence was 20.8% and 0.73%. Out of 207 respondents,29.5% had smoked tobacco in their lifetime, 38% were toombak dippers, while 14% were consumers of alcoholicbeverages. Conclusions: The prevalence of toombak dipping was higher than tobacco smoking among the adultpopulation in the northern state of Sudan. Female participation in tobacco and alcohol related studies was foundto suffer from major obstacles since these habits are considered as social stigma. Appreciation of the full impactof smoking on population health will definitely make a major contribution to improvement of the poor publichealth situation in Sudan.}, keywords = {Tobacco,toombak dipping,alcohol consumption,Cancer risk factors,Northern Sudan}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27676.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27676_67e0b92f6966e03c1df67ecd674ef504.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Genotoxicity and Interference with Cell Cycle Activities by an Ethanolic Extract from Thai Plumbago indica Roots in Human Lymphocytes in vitro}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2487-2490}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {In Thai traditional medicine, Plumbago indica or Jetamul-Pleung-Dang in Thai is known to have healthbenefit especially for anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antitumor activities. However, the mechanisms ofits action are still uncertain. One of which might be genotoxic effects. In the present study, we investigated thegenotoxicity of an ethanolic extract of Plumbago indica root (EEPIR) by sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assayin human lymphocytes. Results have shown that all treatments with EEPIR (12.5-100 μg/ml) could induce cellcycle delay as shown by significant increase in the number of metaphase cells in the first cell cycle but neither inthe second nor the third cell cycle. Only at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml were SCE levels significantlyincreased above that of the control (p<0.05) . EEPIR at a concentration of 500 μg/ml induced cell death as fewmitotic cells were shown. Accordingly, EEPIR (25-100 μg/ml) is genotoxic in human lymphocytes and cytotoxic atconcentrations of ≥500 μg/ml in vitro. Therefore, these activities of the EEPIR could serve its potential therapeuticeffects, especially as an anticancer agent. Further study of EEPIR in vivo is now needed to support this in vitroevidence.}, keywords = {Plumbago indica,Cell cycle,Cytotoxicity,genotoxicity,SCE}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27677.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27677_feeb9930d8672ebb94b907cbacec83b5.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Three Treatment Methods via the Hepatic Artery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma - A Retrospective Study}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2491-2494}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: To evaluate the relative effectiveness of different treatments of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) via the hepatic artery. Materials and Methods: The study sample group consisted of 418 patients whowere randomly selected from 2008 to 2012 with a first diagnosis of HCC and treated with transcatheter arterialchemoembolization (TACE) or without (TAE) chemotherapy or transcatheter arterial infusion (TAI). Wecollected data including tumor size preoperative and one month thereafter to compare change in areas acrossthe three groups, along with various laboratory indexes for comparison. Results: The overall average change ofareas was 240.8±72.1 mm2. In the three groups it was 265.0±58.0 mm2 vs. 250.5±51.9 mm2 vs. 123.7±26.2 mm2. Ingroups TACE and TAE values were larger than in group TAI (p<0.01), but the difference between the two wasnot statistically significant (p= 0.191). Additionally, U/L change of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanineaminotransferase (ALT) in groups TACE and TAE was greater than in the TAI cases (24.0±13.5 vs. 20.9±12.1 vs.5.47±8.20 and 25.6±13.5 vs.23.2±12.28 vs.5.48±14.3) on the preoperative day and two days thereafter (p<0.01).Between the two groups there was no significant cariation (p= 0.320 and p= 0.609). However, the AST and ALTrecovered to normal levels one month later on therapy with liver protecting drugs. Conclusion: The groupsTACE and TAE demonstrated more effective reduction of tumor size than group TAI. While lipiodol causedacute liver function damage, this proved reversible.}, keywords = {HCC,effect,intervention treatment,hepatic artery,Retrospective}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27678.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27678_1fef6982138cc5727db58c92f6975367.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Dietary Fat and Physical Activity in Relation to Breast Cancer among Polish Women}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2495-2502}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Dietary fat has been inconsistently associated with the risk of breast cancer. The purpose ofthis study was to examine the relationship between meat and animal and plant fat intake and breast cancer riskin subgroups by total lifetime physical activity, using data from a case-control study conducted in the Region ofWestern Pomerania, Poland. Materials and Methods: The study included 858 women with histological confirmedbreast cancer and 1,085 controls, free of any cancer diagnosis. The study was based on a self-administeredquestionnaire including questions about socio-demographic characteristics, current weight and height,reproductive factors, family history of breast cancer and lifestyle habits. Unconditional logistic regression wasperformed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: High animal fat intakesignificantly increased OR from 1.7 times (OR=1.66, 95%CI=1.07-3.59) to 2.9 times (OR=2.9, 95%CI=1.37-6.14) independent of physical activity level, comparing the third versus the lowest quartile. Women with a highintake of red meat or processed meat and low physical activity showed increased risk of breast cancer: OR=2.70,95%CI=1.21-6.03 and 1.78, 95%CI=1.04-3.59, respectively. The plant fat dietary pattern was negatively associatedwith breast cancer in sedentary women (OR=0.57, 95%CI=0.32-0.99). Conclusions: These results indicatedthat a diet characterized by a high consumption of animal fat is associated with a higher breast cancer risk insedentary women, while consumption of plant fat products may reduce risk in the same group.}, keywords = {Breast cancer risk,animal fat,plant fat,physical activity,Case-control study,Poland}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27679.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27679_e4b5a875ec6b196724a7842c1c5a1bdc.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Histone Deacetylases and their Inhibitors as Potential Therapeutic Drugs for cholangiocarcinoma - Cell Line findings}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2503-2508}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Histone deacetylation mediated by histone deacetylases (HDACs) has been reported as one of theepigenetic mechanisms associated with tumorigenesis. The poor responsiveness of anticancer drugs found withcholangiocarcinoma (CCA) leads to short survival rate. We aimed to investigate mRNA expression of HDACsclass I and II, and the effect of HDAC inhibitors, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and valproic acid(VPA), in CCA in vitro. Expression of HDACs was studied in CCA cell lines (M213, M214 and KKU-100) andan immortal cholangiocyte (MMNK1) by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. SAHA and VPA, aswell as a classical chemotherapeutic drug 5 -fluorouacil (5-FU) were used in this study. Cell proliferation was determined by sulforhodamine assay. IC50 and IC20 were then analyzed for each agent and cell line. Moreover, synergistic potentional of VPA or SAHA in combination with 5-FU at  sub toxic does (IC20) of each agent was alsoevaluated. Statistic difference of HDACs expression or cell proliferation in each experimental condition wasanalyzed by Student’s t-test. The result demonstrated that HDACs were expressed in all studied cell types.Both SAHA and VPA inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, KKU-100 whichwas less senstitive to classical chemotheraoeutic 5-FU was highly was sensitive to HDAC inhibitors. Simultaneous combination of subtoxic doses of HDAC inhibitors and 5-FU signiicantly inhibited cell proliferation in CCA cell lines compared to single sgent treatment(P<0.01), while sequentially combined treatments were less effective.The present study showed inhibitory effects of HDACIs on cell proliferation in CCA cell lines, with synergistic antitumor potential demonstrated by simultaneous combination of VPA or SAHA with 5-FU, suggesting a novel alternative therapeutic strategy in effective treatment of CCA.}, keywords = {cholangiocarcinoma,histone deacetylase,Inhibitor,Epigenetics,Cell lines}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27617.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27617_f1a64a6a87650c3aa82317f843fc9eda.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Predictive Factors for Supraclavicular Lymph Node Recurrence in N1 Breast Cancer Patients}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2509-2514}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: The purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors for supraclavicular lymph noderecurrence (SCLR) in N1 breast cancer patients and define a high-risk subgroup who might benefit fromsupraclavicular nodal radiotherapy (RT). Materials and Methods: From January 1995 to December 2009, 113breast cancer patients with 1 to 3 positive axillary lymph nodes were enrolled in this study. All patients underwentbreast-conserving surgery (BCS) or modified radical mastectomy (MRM). RT was given to all patients whoreceived BCS. Among the patients given MRM, those with breast tumors >5 cm in size received RT. Regionalnodal irradiation was not applied. Systemic chemotherapy was given to 105 patients (92.9%). Patient data wereretrospectively reviewed and analyzed to identify predictive factors for SCLR. Results: The median follow-upduration was 6.5 years, with 5- and 10-year actuarial SCLR rates of 9.3% and 11.2%, respectively. Factorsassociated with SCLR on univariate analysis included histologic grade, number of dissected axillary lymph nodes,lymphovascular invasion, extracapsular extension (ECE), and adjuvant chemotherapy. On multivariate analysis,histologic grade and ECE remained significant. The patient group with grade 3 and ECE had a significantlyhigher rate of SCLR compared with the remainder (5-year SCLR rate; 71.4% vs. 4.0%, p<0.001). Conclusions:Histologic grade and ECE status are significant predictive factors for SCLR. Supraclavicular nodal RT isnecessary in N1 breast cancer patients featuring histologic grade 3 and ECE.}, keywords = {breast cancer,predictive factor,radiotherapy,supraclavicular lymph node recurrence}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27404.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27404_27f139cdc68ae938aa7ea78d59703fd5.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Versus Total Abdominal Hysterectomy for Endometrial Cancer: A Meta-analysis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2515-2519}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The standard surgery for early-stage endometrial cancer is total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH), while totallaparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is less invasive and assumed to be associated with lower morbidity. This metaanalysiswas performed to investigate the effects of TLH versus TAH in women with early-stage endometrialcancer. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, CBM and Cochrane Review databases for randomized trialsassessing the effects of TLH versus TAH in women with early-stage endometrial cancer. The relative risks (RR)with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from each study were pooled using meta-analysis. In our study, 9 randomizedtrials with a total of 1,263 patients were included. Meta-analyses showed that TLH was associated with lowerrisks of major complications (RR = 0.53, 95%CI 0.29-0.98, P = 0.042), total complications (RR = 0.59, 95%CI0.42-0.82, P = 0.002) and postoperative complications (RR = 0.57, 95%CI 0.40-0.83, P = 0.003). However, therewere no obvious differences in risks of intra-operative complications (RR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.62-1.55, P = 0.919)and mortality (RR = 0.96, 95%CI 0.66-1.40, P = 0.835). In conclusion, our results provide new evidence of abenefit for TLH over TAH in terms of major complications, total complications and postoperative complicationsin endometrial cancer patients.}, keywords = {Endometrial cancer,total abdominal hysterectomy,total laparoscopic hysterectomy,Meta-analysis}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27405.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27405_61a85b9f4b9421f43559677c12c648b5.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {BRAF Mutations in Iranian Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2521-2523}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Papillary thyroid cancer or papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroidcancer. The fact that it occasionally occurs in women aged 30-40 years old suggests that genetic alterations areinvolved its genesis. Recently, activator mutations in BRAF gene have been relatively frequently discovered.Materials and Methods: In this study, we tested 63 DNA samples from PTC patients to identify the V600Emutation frequency in the Ahvaz population. DNA was isolated from formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE)PTC tumor tissues. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP and confirmed by direct DNA sequencing of asubset of PCR products. PCR-RFLP data were reported as genotype frequencies and percentages. Results: Fortynine out of 63 patients (77.8%) had a mutated heterozygote form while 14 (22.2%) showed normal genotype butnone demonstrated a mutant homozygote genotype. The frequency of V600E mutation was significantly high inPTC patients. Conclusions: These findings support involvement of V600E mutations in PTC occurrence in Iran.Assessment of correlations between BRAF V600E mutations and papillary thyroid cancer progression needs tobe performed.}, keywords = {Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma,BRAF proto-oncogene,V600E mutation,PCR-RFLP method}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27618.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27618_72f621252de9be8a56aa07d308071f5e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Growth and Differentiation Effects of Homer3 on a Leukemia Cell Line}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2525-2528}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The Homer protein family, also known as the family of cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins, which include threesubtypes (Homer1, Homer2, Homer3). Homer3 can regulate transcription and play a very important role in thedifferentiation and development for some tissues (e.g. muscle and nervous systems). The current studies showedthat Homer3 abnormal expression changes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Forced expression of Homer3in transfected K562 cells inhibited proliferation, influenced the cell cycle profile, affected apoptosis inducedby As2O3 through inhibition of Bcl2 expression, and also promoted cell differentiation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-acetate (TPA). These results showed that Homer3 is a novel gene which plays a certain role inthe occurrence and development of AML.}, keywords = {Homer3,leukemia cell line,Cell proliferation,Apoptosis,differentiation}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27619.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27619_877e4fcbe723061f843312f79b2a93b8.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Characteristics of Gynecologic Oncology Patients in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital - Complications and Outcome of Pelvic Exenteration}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2529-2532}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Pelvic exenteration is a procedure which includes enbloc resection of pelvic organs followed bysurgical reconstruction. Aims include both cure and palliation but data for pelvic exenteration in Thailand arevery limited. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate characteristics of patients, operative procedureoutcomes and complications. Materials and Methods: This retrospective review covered all of the charts ofexenteration patients during January 2002 to December 2011. Baseline characteristic of the patients werecollected as well as details of clinical results. Results: A total of 13 cases of pelvic exenteration were included.Most underwent total pelvic exenteration (9 cases) and the remainder posterior and anterior exenteration. Theirprimary cancers were ovarian, cervical and vulva. Mean operative time was 532 minutes (SD 160.2, range 270-750) and estimated blood loss was 2830 ml (1850, 1000-8000). Mean tumor size was 7.33 cm (3.75, 4-15). Meanhospital stay was 35.2 days (29.8, 13-109). The most common post operative complication was urinary tractinfection. Overall disease free survival with a negative surgical margin was significantly better than in positivesurgical margin patients (p=0.014). Conclusions: Surgical margin was the most significant prognostic factor fordisease free survival, in line with earlier studies.}, keywords = {Pelvic exenteration,gynecologic cancer,outcome,surgical margin,progression}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27621.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27621_30021b9a3ce446f83da194cff8726bd9.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cost-effectiveness Outcomes of the National Gastric Cancer Screening Program in South Korea}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2533-2540}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Although screening is necessary where gastric cancer is particularly common in Asia, theperformance outcomes of mass screening programs have remained unclear. This study was conducted to evaluatecost-effectiveness outcomes of the national cancer screening program (NCSP) for gastric cancer in South Korea.Materials and Methods: People aged 40 years or over during 2002-2003 (baseline) were the target population.Screening recipients and patients diagnosed with gastric cancers were identified using the NCSP and KoreaCentral Cancer Registry databases. Clinical outcomes were measured in terms of mortality and life-years saved(LYS) of gastric cancer patients during 7 years based on merged data from the Korean National Health InsuranceCorporation and National Statistical Office. We considered direct, indirect, and productivity-loss costs associatedwith screening attendance. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) estimates were produced according toscreening method, sex, and age group compared to non-screening. Results: The age-adjusted ICER for survivalwas 260,201,000-371,011,000 Korean Won (KW; 1USD=1,088 KW) for the upper-gastrointestinal (UGI) tractover non-screening. Endoscopy ICERs were lower (119,099,000-178,700,000 KW/survival) than UGI. To increase1 life-year, additional costs of approximately 14,466,000-15,014,000 KW and 8,817,000-9,755,000 KW wererequired for UGI and endoscopy, respectively. Endoscopy was the most cost-effective strategy for males andfemales. With regard to sensitivity analyses varying based on the upper age limit, endoscopy NCSP was dominantfor both males and females. For males, an upper limit of age 75 or 80 years could be considered. ICER estimatesfor LYS indicate that the gastric cancer screening program in Korea is cost-effective. Conclusion: Endoscopyshould be recommended as a first-line method in Korea because it is beneficial among the Korean population.}, keywords = {Cost-effectiveness analysis,Economic Evaluation,Gastric cancer screening,Stomach Neoplasm,Korea}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27623.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27623_bd999a783e389a7c33601644ef81bb3f.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {For Which Cancer Types can Neuron-Specific Enolase be Clinically Helpful in Turkish Patients?}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2541-2544}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levelsin patients with prostate cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, lung cancer and peripheral nerve tumors. Materials andMethods: NSE levels were determined by ELISA in the sera of 100 prostate cancer, 47 Hodgkin lymphoma, 35lung cancer and 35 peripheral nerve tumor patients and also in 132 healthy controls. Results: The median levelsof serum NSE were elevated in patients with lung cancer (p=0.018) and peripheral nerve tumors (p=0.008).NSE levels in prostate cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma patients were higher than the controls but there was nostatistically significant difference (p>0.05). Conclusions: We conclude that NSE may be applied in routine togain insight about the clinical statuses of various cancer patients, but more studies are needed to determine theorgan specificity.}, keywords = {NSE,cancer,Tumor marker,clinical status,Turkey}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27625.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27625_f256b71030ba647a01cc9cdda43e74dc.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Knowledge and Views of Secondary School Students in Kuala Lumpur on Cervical Cancer and its Prevention}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2545-2549}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in women worldwide. Persistent infection with a humanpapillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause for cervical cancer. Vaccination and Pap smear screening are the bestmethods for prevention of the disease. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledgeand views of upper secondary school female students in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, toward prevention of cervicalcancer. This study was conducted from April 2009 to September 2009 in 8 schools in Kuala Lumpur area usingpre-tested and validated questionnaires. Results indicated that the respondents had low knowledge of cervicalcancer and its prevention although the majority of students (80.4%) had heard about the disease. The level ofknowledge of cervical cancr and its prevention was significantly higher among students from the science stream(p<0.001) compared to students from the art stream. Most students (69.3%) agreed to take the vaccination if theservice was available in schools. A high percentage of students (82.2%) agreed that the vaccination should becompulsory to the students. In conclusion, most students had low knowledge of cervical cancer and its preventionbut they had positive attitude toward vaccination and agreed that vaccination should be compulsory. Therefore,suitable educational programmes should be developed to improve the knowledge of secondary school studentson the prevention of cervical cancer.}, keywords = {cervical cancer,Prevention,HPV vaccination,adolescents,school students}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27627.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27627_593cab0ae4eb9e9448cc2359d045a085.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Physical Activity and Quality of Life of Cancer Survivors: A Lack of Focus for Lifestyle Redesign}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2551-2555}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Physical activity is a component of lifestyle activity and one that has been increasingly seen as‘the medicine’ to cure chronic diseases, including certain types of cancer. Physical activity has potent impact onmortality but only if it is well incorporated as lifestyle activity may it allow a better outcome of the quality of lifeof cancer survivors. This paper presents a review on the evidence of physical activity being actively promoted aslifestyle activity amongst cancer survivors, for the last five years. Materials and Methods: Electronic databaseswere systematically searched for randomized controlled trials incorporated as lifestyle activity through MEDLINEwith the associated terms “physical activity or exercise”, “quality of life” and “cancer survivor or people withcancer”, ‘lifestyle’ and ‘randomised controlled trial’. The period of search was confined to publication withinJanuary 2008 till December 2012 and further limits were to full text, peer reviewed, abstract available andEnglish language. Results: Based on inclusion criteria, 45 articles were retrieved. Of these, 41 were excludedafter examining the full paper. Four final articles on randomized controlled trials were studied to determine theeffectiveness of PA to improve the quality of life in post treatment cancer survivors and positive associations werefound. Conclusions: Physical activity is related to better quality of life of cancer survivors. Only one paper hadcharacteristics of lifestyle incorporation for a lifestyle redesign, but none overtly or actively promoting exerciseinterventions as an essential lifestyle activity. With increasing survivorship, the benefits of physical activity mustbe aggressively and overtly promoted to optimize its positive impact.}, keywords = {Physical activity or exercise,Quality of Life,cancer survivors,Randomized controlled trials}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27629.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27629_fda059d0f7f69608616d3f85f9f15fb2.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Efficacy and Safety of Concomitant Chemoradiotherapy with Cisplatin and Docetaxel in Patients with Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancers}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2557-2561}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Chemoradiation (CRT) using cisplatin-based regimens has become the standard of care in thetreatment of squamous cell head and neck cancers (SCHNC). The impact of taxanes as radiosensitizing agentswith concurrent CRT regimens is unknown. We therefore retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and tolerabilityof a weekly cisplatin+docetaxel combination with CRT in locally advanced SCHNC. Methods: Sixty-six patientswith locally advanced SCHNC (39.4% stage IV, 53% stage III, and 7.6% stage II) were assessed retrospectively.Total radiation dose to the PTV of gross disease (primary and/or node) was 70 Gy/ 35 fractions, 5 fractions perweek. Minimum doses of 60 Gy and 50 Gy were administered to PTVs of elective high risk and low risk disease,respectively. Chemotherapy (CT) consisted of weekly cisplatin (20 mg/m2)+docetaxel (20 mg/m2) concurrentlywith RT. Results: The median age of the patients was 58 years (range, 32-77). Objective response rate was 83.3%.The 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 75.7% and 78.3%, respectively.The most common grade 3 and 4 toxicities were mucositis (36.4%), nausea and vomiting (12.1%), neutropenia(4.5%). Conclusion: Weekly cisplatin and docetaxel concurrent with RT for locally advanced SCHNC was foundtolerable with high efficacy.}, keywords = {Squamous cell head and neck cancers,chemoradiotherapy,Cisplatin,Docetaxel,safety}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27630.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27630_cbbed43358e4bee17c60759b998255a4.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Serum IL-33 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2563-2566}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has recently been implicated in tumor immunity. The aim of this studywas to explore the clinical role of serum IL-33 in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:Sera collected from 250 healthy volunteers (HV), 256 patients with benign lung diseases (BLD) and 262 NSCLCcases were subjected to IL-33 ELISA and relationships between serum IL-33 and clinical characteristics wereevaluated. Results: Circulating IL-33 levels were higher in the NSCLC group in comparison with the HV andBLD groups (p<0.001). Using a cut-off level 68 pg/ml (95% specificity in the HV group), IL-33 showed a gooddiagnostic performance for NSCLC. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that serum IL-33 was an independentprognostic factor in the entire NSCLC group [hazards ratio (HR) = 0.64 for low versus high IL-33 levels, 95%confidence interval (CI) 0.50–0.82; p<0.001] and in 165 selected patients with locally advanced or metastaticdisease receiving chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.52–0.94; p=0.013). Conclusions:IL-33 is a promising potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in NSCLC, independent of the therapeuticintervention.}, keywords = {IL-33,non-small-cell lung cancer,Prognosis,Differential diagnosis,Biomarker}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27631.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27631_1f2020836d28ca3590dd28a907396976.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {African American Race and Low Income Neighborhoods Decrease Cause Specific Survival of Endometrial Cancer: A SEER Analysis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2567-2670}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: This study analyzed Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data to assess if socioeconomicfactors (SEFs) impact on endometrial cancer survival. Materials and Methods: Endometrial cancerpatients treated from 2004-2007 were included in this study. SEER cause specific survival (CSS) data were usedas end points. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were computed for predictors.Time to event data were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were usedto identify independent risk factors. Results: This study included 64,710 patients. The mean follow up time(S.D.) was 28.2 (20.8) months. SEER staging (ROC area of 0.81) was the best pretreatment predictor of CSS.Histology, grade, race/ethnicity and county level family income were also significant pretreatment predictors.African American race and low income neighborhoods decreased the CSS by 20% and 3% respectively at 5years. Conclusions: This study has found significant endometrial survival disparities due to SEFs. Future studiesshould focus on eliminating socio-economic barriers to good outcomes.}, keywords = {Endometrial cancer,SEER,socio-economic disparity,cause specific survival}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27680.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27680_b3a1d7e5440806690556622cd4c609ca.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {AKT1 Inhibitory DNAzymes Inhibit Cell Proliferation and Migration of Thyroid Cancer Cells}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2571-2575}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {AKT1 is a member of the serine/threoine AGC protein kinase family involved in thyroid cancer metabolism,growth, proliferation and survival. It is overexpressed in thyroid tumors. In this study, we designed two AKT1specific DNAzymes (DRz1 and DRz2) that target AKT1 mRNA. The results showed that DRz1 could decreasethe expression of AKT1 by 58%. Furthermore, DRz1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosisand inhibited invasion in SW597 cells. In addition, down-regulation of survivin expression was associated withdecreased caspase-3, VEGF and MMP2 in SW597 cells after 24 h. In our study, the efficacy of DRz1 in decreasingAKT1 protein levels were better than DRz2. AKT1-DRz1 might have anti-tumorigenic activity and may providethe basis for a novel therapeutic intervention in thyroid cancer treatment.}, keywords = {DNAzymes,Proliferation,Apoptosis,AKT1,Thyroid cancer}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27633.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27633_b828d8df82cfba2116a9d475327e5e2e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Interleukin-10 Gene Promoter Polymorphisms and Risk of Gastric Cancer in a Chinese Population: Single Nucleotide and Haplotype Analyses}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2577-2582}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objectives: Interleukin (IL) -10 is a potent cytokine with a dual ability to immunosuppress or immunostimulate.We aimed to explore the association of IL10 promoter polymorphisms with risk of gastric cancer (GC) in a Hanpopulation in Southwestern China. Methods: We enrolled 308 pairs of GC and control subjects from four hospitalsand a community between October 2010 and August 2011 in a 1:1 matched case-control design. Demographicinformation was collected using a designed questionnaire. IL10-592 A>C and IL10-1082 A>G polymorphismswere determined by Sequenom MassARRAY analysis. Results: Patients with GC reported statistically higherproportions of family history of cancer (29.9% versus 10.7%, P<0.01) and alcohol drinking (54.6% versus 43.2%,P<0.01) than did controls. Similar results were observed in comparison between non-cardia GC patients andcontrols (PC and IL10-1082 A>G were not associated withoverall GC risk (adjusted OR, 0.94, 95% CI, 0.66-1.33; adjusted OR, 1.00, 95% CI, 0.62-1.60). Sub-analysisshowed that the IL10-592 AC/CC variant genotype was associated with decreased non-cardia GC risk (adjustedOR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36-0.95). No association was found between any of the IL10 haplotypes established fromtwo polymorphisms and risk of non-cardia GC. Conclusions: In conclusion, our data do not link the two SNPs ofIL10-592 and IL10-1082 with overall GC risk. We demonstrate that IL10-592 polymorphism is associated withprotective effect against non-cardia GC. Our findings may offer insight into risk associated with the developmentof GC in this region.}, keywords = {Gastric cancer,interleukin-10 gene,Polymorphism,risk,Case-control study}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27635.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27635_d440db32c01a23c8a5adb2f856e9ce92.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Diabetes Mellitus Increases the Risk of Bladder Cancer: An Updated Meta-analysis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2583-2589}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Purpose: Studies have indicated that diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for bladder cancer; however,not all evidence supports this conclusion. The aim of this meta-analysis was to collate and evaluate all primaryobservational studies investigating the risk of bladder cancer associated with DM. Methods: The PubMed andGoogle Scholar databases were searched to identify studies that estimated the association of DM and bladdercancer. Summary effect estimates were derived using a random-effects meta-analysis model. Results: A totalof 23 studies (8 case-control studies, 15 cohort studies) including 643,683 DM and 4,819,656 non-DM caseswere identified. Analysis of all studies showed that DM was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancercompared with non-DM overall (OR=1.68, 95% CI 1.32-2.13). Analysis of subgroups demonstrated this to bethe case in both case-control studies (OR=1.59, 95% CI 1.28-1.97, I2=58%) and cohort studies (RR=1.70, 95%CI 1.23-2.33, I2=96%). There was no gender difference in DM-associated bladder cancer risk. Bladder cancerrisk was increased in Asia and the North America region, but not in Europe. Furthermore, DM-associatedbladder cancer risk was obviously higher in Asia than North America and Europe or in those with Caucasianethnicity. With extension of follow-up time, the bladder cancer risk was not increased for the patients with DM.Conclusions: This meta-analysis provided further evidence supporting theDM association with a significantlyhigher risk of bladder cancer obtained from observational studies.}, keywords = {bladder cancer,Diabetes Mellitus,Meta-analysis,ethnicity}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27636.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27636_66514f8a9fbfd5c920f716aa8932862f.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Clinical Comparison between Paclitaxel Liposome (Lipusu®) and Paclitaxel for Treatment of Patients with Metastatic Gastric Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2591-2594}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel liposome (Lipusu®) with paclitaxel in combination withtegafur and oxaliplatin in treating patients with advanced gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Patients withadvanced gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy were retrospectively collected, and divided into two groups.Patients in group A received paclitaxel liposomes at a dose of 135 mg/m2 on day 1 of each cycle, and patients ingroup B were given paclitaxel at the same dose with the same timing. All patients received tegafur at a dose of500 mg mg/m2 on days 1-5, and oxaliplatin at a dose of 80-100 mg/m2 on day 1 for 2 cycles (each cycle was 21 d intotal). Results: Fifty-eight patients could be evaluated for efficacy. The overall response rate was 47% in groupA (14/30), and 46% in group B (13/28). Disease control rate was 73% in group A (22/30), and 71% in group B(20/28) (P>0.05). No significant differences were detected in hematologic and neurologic toxicities between thetwo groups (P>0.05). However, nausea, vomiting and hypersensitive reactions were significantly lower in groupA than in group B (P<0.05). Conclusion: Paclitaxel liposomes are as effective as paclitaxel when combined withtegafur and oxaliplation in treating patients with advanced gastric cancer, but adverse reactions with paclitaxelliposomes are less common.}, keywords = {Paclitaxel liposomes,pactitaxel,grast cancer,combined chemotherapy,adverse reactions}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27637.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27637_303fbc3691b8d8ec9a9dbd483260f6ad.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Prostate Cancer: A Hospital-Based Survival Study from Mumbai, India}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2595-2598}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Prostate cancer is common in elderly men, especially in western countries, and incidencesare rising in low-risk populations as well. In India, the age-standardized rates vary between registries. Underthese circumstances we have estimated the survival of prostate cancer patients based on age, family history,diabetes, hypertension, tobacco habit, clinical extent of disease (risk group) and treatment received. Materialsand Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out at the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai,India. During years 1999-2002, some 850 prostate cancer cases, including 371 new cases, treated in TMH wereconsidered as eligible entrants for the study. Five-year survival rates using actuarial and loss-adjusted (LAR)method were estimated. Results: The patient population was distributed uniformly over the three age groups. Alarger proportion of the patients were diagnosed at ‘metastatic stage’ and hormone treatment was most common.20% patients had history of diabetes and 40% with hypertension. The 5-year overall survival rate was 64%.Survival was 55%, 74% and 52% for ‘<59 years’,’60-69 years’ and ‘>70 years’ respectively. Non-diabetic (70%),hypertensive (74%), with family history (80%) of cancer, with localized-disease (91%) and treated with surgery,either alone or in combination, (91%) had better survival. Conclusions: The present study showed that prostatecancer patients with localized disease at diagnosis experience a better outcome. Local treatment with eithersurgery or radiation achieves a reasonable outcome in prostate cancer patients. A detailed study will help inunderstanding the prognostic indicators for survival especially with the newer treatment technologies availablenow.}, keywords = {Prostate Cancer,survival rate,risk-group,India,Prognostic factors}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27794.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27794_7be4b9cb384e158e564a85900602590e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Immunostimulating Effect of a Well-known Thai Folkloric Remedy in Breast Cancer Patients}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2599-2605}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {The study aimed to evaluate immune-stimulating effects of a well-known Thai folkloric remedy when usedfor adjuvant therapy with conventional chemotherapeutics for treatment of breast cancer. Immunostimulatinginfluence of the remedy (215 mg/kg body weight per day) on NK cell activity and TNF-α release from themonocytes/macrophages were investigated in a total of 15 healthy women and 13 female patients with breastcancer (Group 1). The effect of breast tumor surgery on NK cell activity was further investigated in 18 femalepatients with breast cancer (Group 2). NK cell cytotoxic activity was determined by chromium release cytotoxicassay using K562, an erythroleukemic cell line. TNF-α release from monocytes/macrophages separated fromblood samples was determined through a biological assay using actinomycin D-treated L929 mouse fibroblastcells in the presence and absence of LPS. Baseline NK cell activity of the monocytes/macrophages separated fromGroup 2 patients expressed as %cytotoxicity was significantly lower than in the healthy subjects at E:T ratiosof 100:1 and 25:1. In healthy subjects, there was no change in NK cell cytotoxic activity (%cytotoxicity or LU)following 1 and 2 weeks of treatment with the remedy compared with the baseline at various E:T ratios but thebinding activity (%binding) was significantly increased after 2 weeks of treatment. The addition of one or twoconventional chemotherapeutic regimens did not significantly reduce the NK cytotoxic activity but did affectrelease of TNF-α in both unstimulated and LPS-stimulated samples. Surgery produced a significant suppressiveeffect on NK cell activity. The use of the remedy as an adjunct therapy may improve therapeutic efficacy andsafety profiles of conventional chemotherapeutic regimens through stimulation of the immune system in cancerpatients.}, keywords = {Thai folkloric remedy,breast cancer,NY cells,immunostimulatory influence}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27638.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27638_d90a772df76154dec57970e92be49413.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Inhibitory Effect of Benzyl Isothiocyanate on Proliferation in vitro of Human Glioma Cells}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2607-2610}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Malignant glioma, also known as brain cancer, is the most common intracranial tumor, having an extremelyhigh mortality and recurrence rate. The survival rate of the affected patients is very low and treatment is difficult.Hence, growth inhibition of glioma has become a hot topic in the study of brain cancer treatment. Among thevarious isothiocyanate compounds, it has been confirmed that benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) can inhibit thegrowth of a variety of tumors, including leukemia, glioma and lung cancer, both inside and outside the body.This study explored inhibitory effects of BITC on human glioma U87MG cells, as well as potential mechanisms.It was found that BITC could inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and arrest cell cycling of U87MG cells. Inaddition, it inhibited the expression of SOD and GSH, and caused oxidative stress to tumor cells. Therefore, itis believed that BITC can inhibit the growth of U87MG cells outside the body. Its mechanism may be related tothe fact that BITC can cause oxidative stress to tumor cells.}, keywords = {Glioma,benzyl isothiocyanate,oxidative stress,preventive potential}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27639.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27639_0c9e281ef69f70cd4e0013e785d7c503.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Intrapleural or Intraperitoneal Lobaplatin for Treatment of Patients with Malignant Pleural Effusion or Ascites}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2611-2614}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Aims: To explore efficacy and side effects of intrapleural or intraperitoneal lobaplatin for treating patientswith malignant pleural or peritoneal effusions. Methods: Patients in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and ResearchInstitute with cytologically confirmed solid tumors complicated with malignant pleural effusion or ascites wereenrolled into this study. Lobaplatin (20-30 mg/m2) was intrapleurally or intraperitoneally infused for patientswith malignant pleural effusion or ascites. Results: From 2012 to 2013, intrapleural or intraperitonea lobaplatinwas administered for patients with colorectal or uterus cancer who were previous treated for malignant pleuraleffusion or ascites. Partial response was achieved for them. Main side effects were nausea/vomiting, and bonemarrow suppression. No treatment related deaths occurred. Conclusion: Intrapleural or intraperitoneal infusionof lobaplatin is a safe treatment for patients with malignant pleural effusion or ascites, and the treatment efficacyis encouraging.}, keywords = {lobaplatin,malignant pleural effusion,ascites,Gastric cancer,colorectal cancer}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27642.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27642_3f2d0d943b957c6687ccb58db874652b.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effects of Perceived Parental Attitudes on Children’s Views of Smoking}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2615-2619}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of perceived parental attitudes on children’sdiscernment of cigarettes. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 250 children attending grades6, 7 and 8. Data were collected via a socio-demographic survey questionnaire, the Parental Attitude Scale (PAS)and the Decisional Balance Scale (DBS). Data analysis covered percentages, medians, one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) and post-hoc tests using a statistical package. Results: There were 250 participants; 117 were male, 133were female. The mean age was 13.1±0.98 for the females and 13.3±0.88 for the males. A statistically significantdifference was found in the children’s mean scores for ‘pros’ subscale on the Decisional Balance Scale (DBS)according to perceived parental attitudes (F=3.172, p=0.025). There were no statistically significant differencesin the DBS ‘cons’ subscale scores by perceived parental attitudes. Conclusions: It was determined that whileperceived parental attitudes affect children’s views on advantages of smoking, they have no effect on children’sviews on its disadvantages.}, keywords = {smoking,children smoking,parental attitudes,parental attitudes and smoking}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27644.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27644_c4601c1923df38b94089ad00987222a1.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Systematic Review of Research into the Psychological Aspects of Prostate Cancer in Asia: What do we Know?}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2621-2626}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: To review the peer reviewed literature on the psychological aspects of the prostate cancerexperience of men in Asia. Materials and Methods: Medline and PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Web ofScience (1999 – November Week 4, 2012) were searched. Inclusion criteria were: included men with prostatecancer and/or their partners or caregivers who identify as Asian recruited in an Asian country; and assessedhealth-related quality of life, psychological and social adjustment relating to prostate cancer and published inEnglish after 1st January 1999 and prior to 30th November, 2012. Study aims; design; quality; level of evidence,and key results were assessed. Results: 43 articles met all inclusion criteria and were retained for initial review.Of these most focussed on health-related QOL with only five evidence Level IV studies from Japan and Taiwanincluding a specific psychological focus. Of these, one was a cross-sectional case control study; three were crosssectionaldescriptive quantitative designs; one was a cross-sectional descriptive qualitative study. From the dataavailable, a substantive sub group of men with prostate cancer (approximately one third) in these countriesexperience clinically high psychological distress and decision regret. Conclusions: Research on the psychologicalneeds of men with the increasingly prevalent condition of prostate cancer in Asian countries is scant with only asmall number of low level evidence descriptive studies identified. Future research to underpin the developmentand evaluation of effective and culturally relevant psychological and supportive care interventions for such menis urgently needed.}, keywords = {Prostate Cancer,Systematic review,psychological adjustment,Quality of Life,Asia}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27645.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27645_fec20ef922da28f530035c559e2b30cf.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Ovarian Masses: Is Multi-detector Computed Tomography a Reliable Imaging Modality?}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2627-2630}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Ovarian cancer continues to pose a major challenge to physicians and radiologists. It is thethird most common gynecologic malignancy and estimated to be fifth leading cancer cause of death in women,constituting 23% of all gynecological malignancies. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) appears tooffer an excellent modality in diagnosing ovarian cancer based on combination of its availability, meticuloustechnique, efficacy and familiarity of radiologists and physicians. The aim of this study was to compute sensitivity,specificity, positive and negative predictive values and diagnostic accuracy of 64- slice MDCT in classifyingovarian masses; 95% confidence intervals were reported. Materials and Methods: We prospectively designeda cross-sectional analytical study to collect data from July 2010 to August 2011 from a tertiary care hospital inKarachi, Pakistan. A sample of 105 women aged between 15-80 years referred for 64-MDCT of abdomen andpelvis with clinical suspicion of malignant ovarian cancer, irrespective of stage of disease, were enrolled by nonprobabilitypurposive sampling. All patients who were already known cases of histologically proven ovariancarcinoma and having some contraindication to radiation or iodinated contrast media were excluded. Results:Our prospective study reports sensitivity, specificity; positive and negative predictive values with 95%CI andaccuracy were computed. Kappa was calculated to report agreement among the two radiologists. For readerA, MDCT was found to have 92% (0.83, 0.97) sensitivity and 86.7% (0.68, 0.96) specificity, while PPV and NPVwere 94.5% (0.86, 0.98) and 86.7% (0.63, 0.92), respectively. Accuracy reported by reader A was 90.5%. Forreader B, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 94.6% (0.86, 0.98) 90% (0.72, 0.97) 96% (0.88, 0.99) and87.1% (0.69, 0.95) respectively. Accuracy computed by reader B was 93.3%. Excellent agreement was foundbetween the two radiologists with a significant kappa value of 0.887. Conclusion: Based on our study results,we conclude MDCT is a reliable imaging modality in diagnosis of ovarian masses accurately with insignificantinterobserver variability.}, keywords = {malignant,sensitivity and specificity,Computed Tomography,Ultrasound,confidence intervals,Pakistan}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27646.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27646_db5d75d13feeca3dd08af5de56b000b1.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Incidence and Trends of Malignant and Benign Pancreatic Lesions in Yazd, Iran between 2001 and 2011}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2631-2635}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Despite recent valuable steps in initiating a cancer registry in Iran, data depicting prevalence,incidence, and clinical picture of pancreatic tumors in the country are exceedinglyly sparse. With the aim offilling this knowledge gap, we reviewed cases in the pathology archive of Shahid Sadoughi hospital (Yazd, Iran),between 2001 and 2011. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 177 patients are reported in the present study.In cases for which paraffin-embedded blocks were available, the specimens were evaluated by two independentpathologists blinded to the primary diagnosis. We extrapolated the frequency of malignant lesions in our studyto the population of Yazd province, derived from national census data, to generate cancer incidence rates.Results: Final diagnosis of malignancy was made in 117 cases (66.1%), and the remainder (60 lesions, 33.9%)were classified as benign. Adenecarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors were the two most common histologicaltypes of malignancy identified in 88 (75.2%) and 11 (9.4%) specimens, respectively. Crude annual incidence ofpancreatic cancer was 0.55 per 100,000 person in 2001 and increased to 1.68 in 2011. Age standardized incidencerates in 2001 and 2011 were 0.75 and 2.68, respectively. A significant increasing trend in cancer incidence wasobserved during the 11 years of the study period (r =+0.856, p=0.009). Sex-stratified analysis, confirmed theobserved trend in men (r=+0.728, p=0.034), but not women (r=+0.635, p=0.083). Conclusions: Over the pastdecade, incidence of pancreas malignancies has risen steadily in Yazd, Iran. Nevertheless, these figures are stillsubstantially lower than those prevalent in developed nations.}, keywords = {Pancreas - malignancy - incidence data - Yazd,Iran}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27647.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27647_ae511f9f4ae2581e6dfe70c5cdd42b75.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {6,8-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1-methyl-azafluorenone Induces Caspase-8- and -9-mediated Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2637-2641}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {6,8-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1-methyl-azafluorenone (DMMA), a purified compound from Polyalthia cerasoidesroots, is cytotoxic to various cancer cell lines. The aims of this study were to demonstrate the type of cancercell death and the mechanism(s) involved. DMMA inhibited cell growth and induced apoptotic death in humanleukemic cells (HL-60, U937, MOLT-4), human breast cancer MDA-MB231 cells and human hepatocellularcarcinoma HepG2 cells in a dose dependent manner, with IC50 values ranging between 20-55 μM. DMMA alsodecreased cell viability of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The morphology of cancer cells inducedby the compound after staining with propidium iodide and examined under a fluorescence microscope wascondensed nuclei and apoptotic bodies. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP) was decreased after 24hexposure in all five types of cancer cells. DMMA-induced caspase-3, -8, and -9 activity was strongly induced inhuman leukemic HL-60 and MOLT-4 cells, while in U937-, MDA-MB231- and HepG2-treated cells there waspartial induction of caspase. In conclusion, DMMA-induced activation of caspase-8 and -9 resulted in executionof apoptotic cell death in human leukemic HL-60 and MOLT-4 cell lines via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.}, keywords = {Extrinsic pathway - intrinsic pathway - caspase - 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1-methyl-azafluorenone}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27649.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27649_14d50926ad3d21cada8eececdc79b4bc.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Association between Smoking and Mortality: Khon Kaen Cohort Study, Thailand}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2643-2647}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Despite anti-smoking campaigns, smoking prevalence among Thai males aged 30 or older is high,at around 50%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking and mortality ina rural Thai community. Materials and Methods: Subjects enrolled into the Khon Kaen cohort study between1990 and 2001 were followed up for their vital status until 16th March 2012. The death resource was from theBureau of Policy and Strategy, Ministry of Interior, Thailand. A Cox proportional hazards model was used toanalyse the association between smoking and death, controlling for age, education level and alcohol drinking,and confidence intervals were calculated using the floating risk method. Results: The study recruited 5,962 malesubjects, of whom 1,396 died during a median 13.5 years of follow-up. Current smokers were more likely todie than never smokers after controlling for age, education level and alcohol drinking (HR, 95%CI: 1.41, 1.32-1.51), and the excess mortality was greatest for lung cancer (HR, 95%CI: 3.51, 2.65-4.66). However, there wasno increased risk with increasing dose of tobacco, and no difference in risk between smokers of yamuan (handrolledcigarettes) and manufactured tobacco. Conclusion: Mortality from cancer, particularly lung cancer, andfrom all causes combined is dependent on smoking status among men in rural Thailand, but the relative risksare lower than have been reported from studies in high income countries, where the tobacco epidemic is moreestablished.}, keywords = {smoking,mortality,health behaviour,rural population,Thai males}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27650.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27650_c704ea8967e38e4e7f11f9e6a3b69f51.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Prevalence of Depression in Breast Cancer Survivors: a Systematic Review of Observational Studies}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2649-2656}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Depression is common in breast cancer patients. The aim of this paper was to make a systematicreview of its prevalence and associated factors oin breast cancer survivors. Materials and Methods: An extensivesystematic electronic review (PUBMED, CINAHL, PsyINFO and Ovid) and handsearch were carried out toretrieve published articles up to November 2012, using Depression OR Dysthymia AND (Cancer OR Tumor ORNeoplasms as the keywords. Information about the design of the studies, measuring scale, characteristics of theparticipants, prevalence of depression and its associated factors from the included studies were extracted andsummarized. Results: We identified 32 eligible studies that recruited 10,826 breast cancer survivors. Most werecross-sectional or prospective designed. The most frequent instrument used to screen depression was the Centerfor Epidemiological Studies for Depression (CES-D, n=11 studies) followed by the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI, n=6 studies) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS, n=6 studies). CES-D returned aboutsimilar prevalence of depression (median=22%, range=13-56%) with BDI (median=22%, range=17-48%) buthigher than HADS (median=10%, range=1-22%). Depression was associated with several socio-demographicvariables, cancer-related factors, treatment-related factors, subject psychological factors, lifestyle factors, socialsupport and quality of life. Conclusions: Breast cancer survivors are at risk for depression so that detection ofassociated factors is important in clinical practice.}, keywords = {Prevalence,depression,Breast,cancer,survivors,risk factors}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27652.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27652_b48e7449ae168ccecd231435dc24dfa3.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Accuracy of Frozen Section Analysis of Sentinel Lymph Nodes for the Detection of Asian Breast Cancer Micrometastasis - Experience from Pakistan}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2657-2662}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Intraoperative sentinel lymph node biopsy has now become the standard of care for patientswith clinically node negative breast cancer for diagnosis and also in order to determine the need for immediateaxillary clearance. Several large scale studies confirmed the diagnostic reliability of this method. However,micrometastases are frequently missed on frozen sections. Recent studies showed that both disease free intervaland overall survival are significantly affected by the presence of micrometastatic disease. The aim of this studywas to determine the sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative frozen section analysis of sentinel lymph nodes(SLNs) for the detection of breast cancer micrometastasis and to evaluate the status of non-sentinel lymph nodes(non-SLNs) in those patients subjected to further axillary sampling. Materials and Methods: We performeda retrospective study on 154 patients who underwent SLN biopsy from January 2008 till October 2011. TheSLNs were sectioned at 2 mm intervals and submitted entirely for frozen sections. Three levels of each sectionsubmitted are examined and the results were compared with further levels on paraffin sections. Results: Overall40% of patients (62/154) were found to be SLN positive on final (paraffin section) histology, out of which 44demonstrated macrometastases (>2mm) and 18 micrometastases (<2mm). The overall sensitivity and specificityof frozen section analysis of SLN for the detection of macrometastasis was found to be 100% while those formicrometastasis were 33.3% and 100%, respectively. Moreover 20% of patients who had micrometastases inSLN had positive non-SLNs on final histology. Conclusions: Frozen section analysis of SLNs lacks sufficientaccuracy to rule out micrometastasis by current protocols. Therefore these need to be revised in order to pick upmicrometastasis which appears to have clinical significance. We suggest that this can be achieved by examiningmore step sections of blocks.}, keywords = {Micrometastasis,sentinel lymph node biopsy,breast cancer,frozen section}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27654.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27654_74f0e4ab54185ff78ee7787d1c7636cf.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Chemotherapy and Late Course Three Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Treatment of Patients with Stage Ⅲ Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2663-2665}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Objective: To compare the efficacy and complications of chemotherapy and late course three-dimensionalconformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) in treating patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patientsand Methods: All patients were divided into two groups: to receive chemotherapy and late course 3DCRT (3DCRTgroup), or chemotherapy and conventional fraction radiation (control group). In the 3DCRT-group, patients weregiven 6~15 MV X-rays with a total dose of 40 Gy, followed by 3DCRT, 2.5 Gy~3.0 Gy per fraction, 1 fraction/every day, total 68 Gy~70 Gy; in the control group, with conventional fraction radiation the total dose was 64~66Gy. The chemotherapy regimen in both cases was EP (VP-16 and DDP). Results: Sixty four patients with stageIII NSCLC were divided into two groups: 32 patients into 3DCRT, 32 into the control group. One and 2-yearsurvival rates in 3DCRT and control group were 87.5%, 56.3%mad 65.6%, 34.4%, respectively (P<0.05); localcontrol rates were 90.6%, 81.3% and 65.6%, 53.1%, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: Chemotherapy and latecourse 3DCRT is associated with improved survival rate in patients with stage III NSCLC with good tolerability.}, keywords = {non-small cell lung cancer,Chemotherapy,radiotherapy,three dimensional conformal radiotherapy}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27655.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27655_1561a202a5c606d5a70bb6e950c1dbc4.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Histopathology Analysis of Benign Colorectal Diseases and Colorectal Cancer in Hatyai Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2667-2671}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the western worldand also ranks as the fifth-leading malignancy and death in Thailand. This study aimed to provide a presentoutlook of colorectal diseases among Thai patients with special emphasis on CRC in Hatyai, Songkhla, southernThailand. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study covered ten year data of CRC, benign colorectaltumors and non-colorectal tumors from the Department of Pathology in Hatyai Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand,between years 2003-2012. Incidence rates based on age, gender, ten year incidence trends, and distribution ofhistopathological characteristics of patients were calculated and demonstrated. Results: Out of 730 biopsies,100 cases were benign colorectal tumors, 336 were CRC and 294 were non-colorectal tumors. Colorectal tumors(both benign and CRC) (60.1%) were more common than non-colorectal tumors (39.9%). CRC (77.1%) weremore common than benign colorectal tumors (32.9%). Colorectal tumors were mainly found in patients agedover sixty whereas non-colorectal and benign colorectal tumors were found in those under sixty (P=0.01).sAmong CRC, adenocarcinoma contributed about 97.3% of all cases with well differentiated tumors being themost frequent (56.9%). Both benign colorectal tumors and CRC were more commonly found in males (63%)than females (37%). The incidence trend of CRC demonstrated increase from 2003-2012. Conclusions: Theincidence of CRC increased in Hatyai from 2003-2012. CRC tends to be more common in people older thansixty, thus, screening programs, cost-effective analysis of treatment modalities, and treatment protocols for theelderly should be examined. Proper implementation of preventive measures such as changing lifestyle factorsmight enhance control of colorectal disease.}, keywords = {Colorectal cancer - benign colorectal disease - non-colorectal tumors - Hatyai,Thailand}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27657.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27657_44713bd9b6856120c260f7b9bf146aae.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Role of Dental Institutions in Tobacco Cessation in India: Current Status and Future Prospects}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2673-2680}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {Tobacco abuse is a major preventable cause of premature death and disease, including various cancers. TheGlobal Adult Tobacco Survey India (GATS) 2009-10 revealed that more than one-third of adults use tobacco inone form or the other. Nearly two in five smokers and smokeless tobacco users made attempts to quit the habitin the past 12 months. Tobacco dependence is a chronic condition characterized by susceptibility of relapseover years. It can be well handled by sustained professional support from health care providers mainly throughbehavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy. Dental professionals can play a pivotal role in diagnosing andeffectively managing tobacco dependence. Dental Institutions have rapidly grown in last two decades across thecountry and so has the curriculum been adapted to improve student competencies to accommodate changingdisease patterns and technological advances, but not in regard to tobacco cessation. Untapped dental manpowerlike undergraduates, dental hygienists and other paramedical staff need effective training to be more penetrative.The present review paper explores the potential role of dental training institutions and recommends variousapproaches to counter public health jeopardy of tobacco related diseases.}, keywords = {Tobacco,Tobacco cessation,dental surgeon,dental institution,Indian context}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27658.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27658_f17b02107e070ef4a0fbd4164a69b854.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Cervical Cancer : Is Vaccination Necessary in India?}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2681-2684}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {In India, cervical cancer is the most common woman-related cancer, followed by breast cancer. The rateof cervical cancer in India is fourth worldwide. Two vaccines, Gardasil and Cervarix, both targeting HPV-16and 18 which account for 70% of invasive cervical carcinomas, are licensed in the United States and numerouscountries worldwide. Both vaccine formulations have shown excellent efficacy with minimal toxicity in activefemale population but numerous questions arise in vaccinating like cost effectiveness, lack of proven efficacyagainst other HPV strains, social acceptance of HPV vaccination and other ethical issues. The main objective ofthis study is to emphasis the advantages and disadvantages of the vaccination in India.}, keywords = {cervix cancer,Gardasil,Cervarix,Vaccine,HPV}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27659.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27659_7ae79051ebc0b786a45d84224727a0f2.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Comparison of Apples with their Parts: Rethinking a Metaanalysis on the Association between Cooking and Uveal Melanoma Risk}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2685-2686}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27664.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27664_21a7775719ce6371119fa619c1e9ff37.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Note of Clarification of Data in the Meta-analysis of XPC 939A>C and 499C>T Polymorphisms in Skin Cancer}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {14}, number = {4}, pages = {2687-2688}, year = {2013}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27666.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_27666_5e78374d48877ad5fd84dbc3d44d55dc.pdf} }