@article { author = {Elfaki, Imadeldin and Mir, Rashid and Almutairi, Fahad M and Duhier, Faisel M Abu}, title = {Cytochrome P450: Polymorphisms and Roles in Cancer, Diabetes and Atherosclerosis}, journal = {Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention}, volume = {19}, number = {8}, pages = {2057-2070}, year = {2018}, publisher = {West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.}, issn = {1513-7368}, eissn = {2476-762X}, doi = {10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.8.2057}, abstract = {Cytochromes P450s (CYPs) constitute a superfamily of enzymes that catalyze the metabolism of drugs and othersubstances. Endogenous substrates of CYPs include eicosanoids, estradiol, arachidonic acids, cholesterol, vitamin Dand neurotransmitters. Exogenous substrates of CYPs include the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and about 80% ofcurrently used drugs. Some isoforms can activate procarcinogens to ultimate carcinogens. Genetic polymorphisms ofCYPs may affect the enzyme catalytic activity and have been reported among different populations to be associatedwith various diseases and adverse drug reactions. With regard of drug metabolism, phenotypes for CYP polymorphismrange from ultrarapid to poor metabolizers. In this review, we discuss some of the most clinically important CYPsisoforms (CYP2D6, CYP2A6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP1B1 and CYP1A2) with respect to gene polymorphisms anddrug metabolism. Moreover, we review the role of CYPs in renal, lung, breast and prostate cancers and also discusstheir significance for atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.}, keywords = {CytochromeP450,Polymorphism,T2D,Atherosclerosis,Drug metabolism}, url = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_66160.html}, eprint = {https://journal.waocp.org/article_66160_153b8fc08b64907951c519e8b4f95a40.pdf} }