eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3533
3537
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3533
88860
Effectiveness of a School-Based ‘Tobacco Free’ Intervention on Adolescents’ Knowledge and Exposure to Second Hand Tobacco Smoke - A Multiphase Study
Ashwini Rao
ashwini.rao@manipal.edu
1
Unnikrishnan B
unnikrishnan.b@manipal.edu
2
Prasanna Mithra
prasanna.mithra@manipal.edu
3
Nandini M
nandini.m@manipal.edu
4
Ramya Shenoy
ramya.shenoy@manipal.edu
5
Nikita Rungta
nikitarungta7@gmail.com
6
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, A constituent unit of Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India.
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India.
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India.
Background: There is no safe level of exposure to second hand tobacco smoke (SHS). The World Health Organization has stressed that 100% smoke-free environments are the only effective way to protect the population from the harmful effects of exposure to SHS. Design: A multiphase study with a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire phase 1 and a phase 2 cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT), conceptualized to determine the effectiveness of a school-based ‘tobacco free’ health education intervention on adolescents’ knowledge and attitude towards SHS. Methods: Baseline assessment will include a questionnaire followed by estimation of salivary cotinine levels. The experimental arm will receive the ‘tobacco free’ intervention, which includes 40 min health education session delivered once a week for 3 consecutive weeks. Participants will also be given ‘take home brochures’ every week containing messages on the effects of tobacco and how to make their homes smoke-free. The sample of 250 participants, for the Phase 2 RCT, with salivary cotinine levels of > 0.1 ng/mL will be selected from the participants of the Phase 1 study. The effect of the intervention will be quantitatively assessed by estimating the salivary cotinine levels after the intervention. Participants in the control arm will receive conventional standard health education once. Conclusion: This research will help in assessing if there is any change in the salivary cotinine levels and the knowledge, attitude and behaviour scores after the health educational intervention and help in developing an effective school-based ‘tobacco free’ intervention program which could be incorporated into the school curriculum. This study has received the Public Health Research Initiative (PHRI) Research Grant of Rs. 18,99,205 and is registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI) with number CTRI/2018/09/015706 (Registered on 13/09/2018). Ethical approval has been obtained from The Institutional Ethics Committee (No.17021 dated 13 march 2017).
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88860_7226807ec29e19d1c12ea9c531228e59.pdf
Adolescent
cotinine
environmental exposure
randomised controlled trial
second hand tobacco smoke
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3539
3545
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3539
88879
Metformin Inhibit Cervical Cancer Migration by Suppressing the FAK/Akt Signaling Pathway
Henna Hakimee
neptune.hunny@gmail.com
1
Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
pilaiwanwadee.h@psu.ac.th
2
Supita Tanasawet
supita.t@psu.ac.th
3
Pennapa Chonpathompikunlert
pennapa23@gmail.com
4
Varomyalin Tipmanee
tvaromya@medicine.psu.ac.th
5
Wanida Sukketsiri
wanida.su@psu.ac.th
6
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla,Thailand.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla,Thailand.
Expert Centre of Innovative Health Food (InnoFood), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Pathumthani, Thailand.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla,Thailand.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
Background: Metformin, an antidiabetic drug, has been previously reported to have anti-cancer activities. However, its role in the control of cancer cell migration remains elusive. Methods: To examine the possible effect of metformin on migration of cervical cancer cells. The related mechanisms were further determined by immunocytochemistry and Western’s blotting assay. Results: The results showed that metformin treatment substantially inhibited the migration ability of cervical cancer cells. Consistently, the filopodia and lamellipodia formation were depleted after exposure to metformin. The suppression of migration mediated through the regulatory proteins such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), ATP-dependent tyrosine kinase (Akt), Rac1 and RhoA after metformin treatment. Conclusion: Metformin displays antimigration effects in cervical cancer cells by inhibiting filopodia and lamellipodia formation through the suppression of FAK, Akt and its downstream Rac1 and RhoA protein. We propose that metformin could be a novel potential candidate as an antimetastatic cancer drug in the cervical cancer management.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88879_2e232915df6096b7d5f7ffcf608ce86a.pdf
filopodia
HeLa
Lamellipodia
Rac1
RhoA
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3547
3553
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3547
88857
Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Salivary Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
Mohammad Koochek Dezfuli
mkoochek2000@yahoo.com
1
Maryam Seyedmajidi
ms_majidi79@yahoo.com
2
Shima Nafarzadeh
shimanafar@yahoo.com
3
Farzad Yazdani
farzadyazdani2000@yahoo.com
4
Ali Bijani
alibijani@yahoo.com
5
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Dental Faculty, Dental Faculty, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Non-communicable Pediatrics’ Disease Research Center, Institute of Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Background and Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of CD31 and podoplanin in order to examine angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, respectively in common malignant tumors of salivary glands. Materials and Methods: Forty formalin-fixed, paraffinated blocks (20 adenoid cystic carcinoma and 20 mucoepidermoid carcinoma blocks) were selected from the medical archives of Amir A’lam Hospital of Tehran, Iran. Sections from the blocks were stained by CD31 and D2-40 markers via immunohistochemistry. Clinical and demographic information was extracted from the patients’ records. Findings: There was a significant difference between tumors in terms of intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) (P< 0.001), total MVD (P< 0.001), and intratumoral lymphatic vessel density (LVD) (P= 0.011). In mucoepidermoid carcinoma, intratumoral MVD and LVD were greater than peritumoral MVD and LVD (P= 0.001 and P< 0.001, respectively). In mucoepidermoid carcinoma, there was no relationship between histological grade with MVD (total, intratumoral or peritumoral) or LVD (total, intratumoral or peritumoral) (P> 0.05). A similar finding was reported with respect to the histopathological grade of adenoid cystic carcinoma (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The higher level of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in mucoepidermoid carcinoma, specifically at the center of tumor, compared to adenoid cystic carcinoma, may be attributed to differences in the clinical behaviors and metastasis of tumors. Moreover, considering the high LVD at the center of tumor in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and infrequency of metastasis to regional lymph nodes in adenoid cystic carcinoma, it can play a significant role in metastasis to regional lymph nodes.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88857_49548aae2572e59108cd7b80bb53098d.pdf
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
adenoid cystic carcinoma
CD31
D2-40
Podoplanin
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3555
3562
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3555
88862
Vitex Rotundifolia Fractions Induced Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer T-47D Cell Line via Activation of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathway
Gul-e-Saba Chaudhry
sababiochem@gmail.com
1
Rehmat Jan
rehmatj.biotech@gmail.com
2
Muhammad Naveed Zafar
analyticalc@yahoo.com
3
Habsah Mohammad
habsah@umt.edu.my
4
Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad
sifzizul@umt.edu.my
5
Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
Objective: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects and mechanism of cell death induced by the extract and fractions of Vitex rotundifolia (leaves) in breast cancer cell line, T-47D. Methods: The cytotoxicity activity was measured using MTS assay. The mode of cell death was analysed by early (phosphatidylserine externalization) and late apoptosis (DNA fragmentation). The caspases 8, 9, 3/7 and apoptotic proteins bax, bcl-2 study were done by western blot and ELISA method. Results: The methanol extract was found to inhibit 50% growth of T-47D cells at the concentration of 79.43µg/ml respectively after 72hr. From seven fractions, fraction F1, F2 and F3 produced cytotoxicity effects in T-47D cell line with IC50 (72hr) < 30µg/ml. The results obtained by Annexin V/PI apoptosis detection assay and TUNEL assay suggest that active fractions of Vitex rotundifolia induced early and late apoptosis (DNA fragmentation) in T-47D cell line. Moreover, western blot analysis and Caspase GloTM luminescent assay demonstrated that fractions F2 and F3 triggered apoptotic cell death via activation of caspases -8, -9 and -3/7 and up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein. Furthermore, chemical profiling confirms the presence of potential metabolites (vitexicarpin) in fractions of Vitex rotundifolia. Conclusion: Thus, the present study suggests the remarkable potential of active metabolites in fractions of Vitex rotundifolia as future cancer therapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88862_3ab09160a463a8ff765b242f219de653.pdf
Vitex rotundifolia
Cytotoxicity
Apoptosis
Annexin V/PI
T-47D
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3563
3569
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3563
88858
Ovarian Cancer Incidence in the Multi-Ethnic Asian City-State of Singapore 1968-2012
Jeff Yi-Fu Hwang
jeff_hwang@nus.edu.sg
1
Wei-Yen Lim
weiyen_lim@ttsh.com.sg
2
Chuen Seng Tan
ephtcs@nus.edu.sg
3
Sheow Lei lim
lim.sheow.lei@singhealth.com.sg
4
John Chia
johnchiawk@gmail.com
5
Khuan Yew Chow
chow_khuan_yew@hpb.gov.sg
6
Wen Yee Chay
chay.wen.yee@singhealth.com.sg
7
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore. 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore.
Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore.
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore. 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore.
KK Women's and Children's Hospital. 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore.
National Cancer Centre Singapore. 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore.
National Registry of Diseases Office, Health Promotion Board. 3 Second Hospital Avenue, Singapore.
National Cancer Centre Singapore. 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore.
Purpose: We investigate ovarian cancer incidence between 1968 and 2012 in Singapore, a multiethnic Asian city state. Methods: Aggregated data of ovarian epithelial cancer numbers and estimated person-years from 1968 to 2012 were obtained from Singapore Cancer Registry. Age-Period-Cohort modelling was performed. Results: The age-standardised incidence rate of ovarian cancer increased from 5.8 to 12.5 per 100,000 per year between 1968 and 2012, while the age-standardised mortality rate has remained stable. This increase was higher among Malays (5.1 to 14.0 per 100,000 per year), compared to Chinese and Indians. Serous carcinoma showed the greatest increase in incidence from 0.4 to 3.4 per 100,000 per year. Period effects were seen in the ovarian cancer incidence trend in Chinese women, but not Malay and Indian women. Clear cell and mucinous carcinoma subtypes were more common in Chinese than in Malay and Indian women. Stage at diagnosis for the years 2003-2010 differed by subtype, and the majority of patients with serous carcinomas presented at a later stage compared to those with clear cell or mucinous carcinomas. Conclusion: Ovarian cancer incidence rates have doubled in 40 years in Singapore. There were ethnic differences in incidence rates and ovarian cancer subtypes.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88858_b9658c2946a0d05b3a276cf1b9c48785.pdf
ovarian carcinoma
Epidemiology
period effect
Singapore
reproductive factors
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3571
3580
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3571
88850
Colorectal Cancer in Brunei Darussalam: An Overview and Rationale for National Screening Programme
Mei Ann Lim
meiann.lim@ubd.edu.bn
1
Vui Heng Chong
chongvuih@yahoo.co.uk
2
Sok King Ong
sokking.ong@moh.gov.bn
3
Ya Chee Lim
yachee.lim@ubd.edu.bn
4
PAPRBS Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam.
Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam.
Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam.
PAPRBS Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide after lung and breast cancers, and ranks second in terms of cancer mortality globally. Brunei Darussalam reports high incidence of CRC in the Southeast Asian region and has no formal national screening programme for CRC. Screening for CRC in Brunei Darussalam is offered in an opportunistic fashion for individuals with average or above average risks for CRC, that is, the individual has a positive family history of CRC or neoplasms and is more than 50 years old. Opportunistic screening is widely practiced but this is not standardised. The Ministry of Health in Brunei Darussalam is currently in the process of implementing a CRC screening programme as part of a larger national health screening based on the increasing incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This review article assesses the situation of CRC in Brunei Darussalam from the 1980s to present day, including incidence of CRC in different age groups, ethnicities and genders; relevant non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors of CRC in Brunei Darussalam setting; and common CRC screening techniques used in Brunei Darussalam as well as other Asia-Pacific countries. The review also discusses the merits of a national CRC screening programme. With the increasing incidence of CRC worldwide and in Brunei Darussalam, national screening for CRC in Brunei Darussalam is an important strategy to lower morbidity and mortality rates. A review of the progress and outcome of the national screening programme will be available a few years after rollout.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88850_b3eb1064447698f9275e2f763fb033d5.pdf
colorectal cancer
national screening
risk factors
Brunei
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3581
3589
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3581
88880
Role of BIM Deletion Polymorphism and BIM Expression as Predictive Biomarkers to Maximize the Benefit of EGFR-TKI Treatment in EGFR-Positive NSCLC
Pimpin Incharoen
pimpin.inc@mahidol.ac.th
1
Chanchai Charonpongsuntorn
charonpongsunton@gmail.com
2
Sakditat Saowapa
sakditouches@gmail.com
3
Ekaphop Sirachainan
ekasira@gmail.com
4
Thitiya Dejthevaporn
thitiya.dej@mahidol.ac.th
5
Kaettipong Kampreasart
kaettipong.kam@mahidol.ac.th
6
Narumol Trachu
pui488@hotmail.com
7
Dittapol Muntham
dittapol.mun@gmail.com
8
Thanyanan Reungwetwattana
thanyanan.reu@gmail.com
9
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Reasearch Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Thailand.
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Objective: BIM is a modulator of apoptosis that is triggered by EGFR-TKIs. This study evaluated the role of BIM deletion and its expression as predictor of EGFR-TKI treatment outcome. Methods: The medical record of 185 EGFR-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with/ without EGFR-TKI treatment between 9/2012 and 12/2014 were retrospectively reviewed. BIM deletion polymorphism and expression were tested by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Survival outcomes in EGFR-TKI-treated patients were analyzed according to treatment sequence and EGFR mutation. The correlation between BIM deletion polymorphism, expression, response rate (as a function of EGFR-TKI treatment) and schedule was also explored. Result: EGFR-TKIs were administered to 139 (75.1%) of the 185 patients: as the first-line in 52 (37.4%) patients and as later-line treatment in 87 (62.6%) patients. Median overall survival (mOS) was significantly longer in EGFR-TKIs treated patients (28.9 vs. 7.4 months, P<0.001). Among L858R-mutated patients, median progression-free survival (mPFS) was significantly longer in first-line EGFR TKI treatment than a later-line (12.6 vs. 6.3 months, P=0.03). BIM deletion polymorphism and expression was detected in 20.2% and 52.7%, respectively. Patients without BIM deletion polymorphism had a significantly longer mOS when treated with a first-line than with a later-line EGFR-TKI (28.9 vs. 20.7 months, P= 0.04). Patients without BIM expression had a significantly longer mPFS (9.6 vs. 7.3 months, P=0.01) better mOS and response rate (RR). Conclusion: BIM deletion polymorphism and expression may predict an EGFR-TKI response in patients with EGFR-positive during therapy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88880_7bbeb241bf6e70c4df70150ecf8b45f0.pdf
BCL2L11
BH3 protein
pro-apoptotic
anti-apoptotic
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3591
3596
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3591
88841
Cell Free Tumoral DNA Versus Paraffin Block Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Detection in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Hanifeh Mirtavoos-Mahyari
hanifehmirmah@yahoo.com
1
Mohsen Ghadami
mghadami@sina.tums.ac.ir
2
Adnan Khosravi
adkhosravi@yahoo.com
3
Zahra Esfahani-Monfared
yeganenoruzi@yahoo.com
4
Sharareh Seifi
sh_seifi@yahoo.com
5
Elaheh Motevaseli
e_motevaseli@sina.tums.ac.ir
6
Mihan Pourabdollah
mihan_p@yahoo.com
7
Mohammadhossein Modarressi
mh_modaresi@yahoo.com
8
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran.
Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran.
Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran.
Increasing knowledge about the molecular profile of tumors has led to personalized treatment for achieving better outcomes in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, finding exact somatic genomic changes of tumor has gained great importance. On the other hand, crescendoing needs to actual tumor tissue at different time points during cancer treatment may produce major discomfort for NSCLC patients. Tumor genomes can be reconstructed by information obtained from circulating cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA) of peripheral blood. cfDNA may be represented as a suitable alternative test for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation detection in these patients. This study aimed to assess validity of cfDNA in somatic EGFR mutation identification in Iranian NSCLC cases. Methods: Somatic mutation of EGFR gene was studied in both tissue specimens and plasma. Then, mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and sequencing. Results: We observed a high concordance (90%) between tissue samples and cfDNA for EGFR gene mutation. The sensitivity, accuracy, and positive precision value were 90%, 90% and 100%, respectively. A false negative rate of 10% was also demonstrated in this study. Conclusion: We established sensitive methods for detecting EGFR gene mutation which may be very useful in clinical practice.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88841_acedd1947ca155b65093b5ba05172837.pdf
epidermal growth factor receptor
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
Cell Free DNA
Mutation
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3597
3601
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3597
88851
Histone Butyrylation/ Acetylation Remains Unchanged in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells after a Long Term Metabolic Reprogramming
Fatemeh Mehdikhani
drfatemeh.bio7@gmail.com
1
Hossein Ghahremani
ghahremani@sbmu.ac.ir
2
Saeedeh Nabati
saeedeh_nb@yahoo.com
3
Hanieh Tahmouri
htahmouri@yahoo.com
4
Majid Sirati-Sabet
sirati@sbmu.ac.ir
5
Siamak Salami
salami.si@gmail.com
6
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Altered metabolism is one of the hallmarks of the cancer cells which reciprocally interrelate with epigenetic processes, such as post-translational histone modifications to maintain their desired gene expression profiles. The role of beta-hydroxybutyrate as a ketone body in cancer cell biology and histone modifications are reported. The present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of long-term metabolic reprogramming via glucose restriction and beta-hydroxybutyrate treatment on histone acetylation and butyrylation in MDA-MB231 cells as a model of triple negative stem-like breast cancer. Methods: For long-term treatment, cells were set up in three groups receiving DMEM with restricted glucose (250 mg/L), DMEM with restricted glucose but enriched with five millimolar beta-hydroxybutyrate and DMEM with standard glucose (1g\L) and investigated for a month. Histone modifications, including H3 acetylation and butyrylation, were investigated by immunoblotting after an acid extraction of the histone proteins. Results and Conclusion: Neither beta-hydroxybutyrate enrichment nor glucose restriction elicited a significant effect on the butyrylation or acetylation level of histone H3 upon a long-term treatment. Metabolic plasticity of cancer cells, mainly stem-like triple negative breast cancer cells alleviate or neutralize the impact of long-term metabolic reprogramming via restriction of glucose and histone modifications enrichment. These results shed new light upon the mechanism of controversial efficacy of ketogenic diets in clinical trials.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88851_43621bb9b5b46eda1883b3067363f48f.pdf
triple negative breast cancer
cellular metabolism
histone butyrylation
beta-hydroxybutyrate
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3603
3609
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3603
88881
Detection of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer using C8Magnetic Bead Separation and MALDI-TOF Plasma Proteome Profiling in Egyptian Females
Mohamed Mostafa Rizk
mrizk1@yahoo.com
1
Ola Atef Sharaki
olasharaki@yahoo.com
2
Mahmoud Elsayed Meleis
mah.meleis@gmail.com
3
Doreen Nazeih Younan
doreenyounan@hotmail.com
4
Alyaa Abdallah Elkial
alya_elkial@hotmail.com
5
Pacinte Moez
pmoez2005@yahoo.com
6
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
Background: Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer in females with the highest mortality rate of all gynecological cancers due to its late discovery and ambiguous symptoms. Thus, there is a need for new promising strategies to diagnose ovarian cancer. We aimed at finding a characteristic plasma proteome pattern that could be used for the detection of epithelial ovarian cancer, in comparison with benign ovarian masses and healthy controls. We also aimed at differentiating between profiling of plasma proteins in early and advanced stages of ovarian cancer and between serous and non-serous histopathological types. Methods: The combination of MagSi-proteomics C8 beads, Ultraflextreme MALDI-TOF and ClinPro Tools software was used to compare the plasma protein spectra from 50 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, 20 patients with benign ovarian masses and 50 age matched healthy females. Results: A plasma proteome profile of 21 peaks differentiated patients with epithelial ovarian cancer from healthy controls with a sensitivity of 73 % and a specificity of 82.8% upon external validation, while a 5-peak profile differentiated patients with epithelial ovarian cancer from patients with benign ovarian masses with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 73.7%. A 20 peak profile was generated to discriminate between early and late stages of the disease with 88.3% recognition capability and 70% cross validation. Conclusion: MALDI-TOF proteomic profiling represents a promising potential tool for diagnosing epithelial ovarian cancer, discriminating between early and advanced stages and between serous and non- serous types.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88881_3c2706f431fa437d024c0bb45c46fa78.pdf
Carcinoma
ovarian
Epithilial
Mass spectrometry
proteome
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3611
3615
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3611
88845
JAK2 and Beyond: Mutational Study of JAK2V617 in Myeloproliferative Disorders and Haematological Malignancies in Kashmiri population
Nidda Syeed
nidsyed@gmail.com
1
College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah Saudi Arabia.
Background: Janus Tyrosine Kinase-2 (JAK2 V617F), a novel point mutation affecting the MPD’S is a somatic gain-of-function mutation. It alters a highly conserved amino acid valine in the negative regulatory JH2 domain to phenylalanine predicted to dysregulate kinase activity. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of JAK2 V617F mutation in various MPD’s as well as in hematological malignancies. Subjects and Methods: JAK2 mutation was assessed in 90 patients with myeloproliferative disorders and 47 leukemic patients. In addition, peripheral blood samples from 90 healthy donors were also collected as control. We used a highly sensitive Allele-Specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) for the detection and confirmed the mutation further by direct sequencing. Results: Our results showed significant differences between various disorders with respect to either the proportion of positivity or that of mutant alleles. JAK2-V617F was detected in 67/90 MPD patients and 02/17 for AML,01/11 for ALL-L1,02/12 for ALL-L2 and 02/07 for CML and 90 healthy controls. Conclusion: From the above findings it is evident that the JAK2 V617F mutation is widespread not only in MPD's but also in hematological malignancies, which might as well lead to the new classification of MPD'S. Our data also suggest that different genetic events may lead to JAK-STAT pathway activation in different malignancies.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88845_606e650e9d6d89a5f9a2e53edd9a1a79.pdf
Myeloproliferative disorders (MPD’s)
Kashmir
Acute Myeloid Leukemia(AML)
CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia)
Polycythemia Vera(PV)
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3617
3623
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3617
88863
Quantification of Nicotine and Cotinine in Plasma, Saliva, and Urine by HPLC Method in Chewing Tobacco Users
Fareeda Begum Shaik
s.fareeda1379@gmail.com
1
G Nagajothi
2
K Swarnalatha
3
C Suresh Kumar
4
Narendra Maddu
fdrbgm300@gmail.com
5
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Corporate Secretary ship, Queen Mary’s College (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Background: Nicotine acts as major alkaloid of all tobacco products including smokeless tobacco (SLT) forms. The mode of SLT consumption is in the form of chewing under the cheek or lip and induced biochemical alterations in the plasma, saliva, and urine. Materials and Methods: The smokeless tobacco products like Raja or blue bull tobacco brands are widely consumed by human male volunteers under the age of 18-30 years for the period of 3 years consisting of 30g per day. The concentrations of nicotine and cotinine in samples of plasma, saliva, and urine are quantified by the method of HPLC. The remaining variables of plasma are evaluated by auto analyzer and spectrophotometric methods. Results: The analysis of results presented that significant increase in the levels of nicotine and cotinine in plasma, saliva, and urine of chewing tobacco users. The lipid profile (Cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, and LDL-C), liver marker enzymes (SGOT, SGPT, and ALP), kidney markers (Creatinine, urea, and uric acid), glucose, and the remaining variables are present within normal range observed in SLT users. The lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO) (NO2 and NO3), protein carbonyls (PCO), and peroxynitrites (ONOO-) are reported to be higher levels in the plasma of experimental subjects in comparison with normal controls. The various brands of tobacco varieties (Raja, madhu chhap, hans chhap, miraj, badshah, blue bull, and swagat gold tobacco) are presented. Conclusion: The chewing tobacco users exhibited greater amounts of nicotine and cotinine are at risk of cardiovascular due to nicotine has cardiovascular effects, and oral cancer disease complications in the future for chronic consumption of smokeless tobacco products due to the presence of carcinogens of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88863_1754c21cc03fd30e8e75ba28f11c17e6.pdf
Nicotine
cotinine
Plasma
Saliva
Urine
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3625
3633
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3625
88882
Assessment of the Diagnostic Potential of miR-29a-3p and miR-92a-3p as Circulatory Biomarkers in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Marwa M Gado
mgado@sci.cu.edu.eg
1
Nahla O Mousa
nahlaosama@aucegypt.edu
2
M A Badawy
mabadawy@excite.com
3
Maha A El Taweel
maha15ayman@yahoo.com
4
Ahmed Osman
aoegiza@sci.asu.edu.eg
5
Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry program, Chemistry Department, faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry program, Chemistry Department, faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer institute, Cairo university, Giza, Egypt.
5Biochemistry Department, faculty of science, Ain Shams university, Abbasyia, Cairo, Egypt.
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a set of Myeloproliferative neoplasms that are identified by excessive growth of myeloid blasts and production of abnormal blood cells. AML is the most common type of acute leukemia that occurs in adults. In addition, AML progresses rapidly and is considered a fatal disease. Thus, there is an urgent need to find new targets for molecularly designed therapies. In This study, we evaluated the circulatory levels of microRNA-29a-3p (miR-29a-3p) and miR-92a-3p beside exploring the expression pattern of their target gene myeloid cell leukemia sequence1 (MCL1) to investigate the role of these molecules in AML pathophysiology and to assess their ability to diagnose AML patients. Methods: 40 adult AML patients along with 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Plasma were separated from venous blood samples, collected on EDTA, of all individuals were used to assess circulating miRNAs’ levels. In the meantime, total RNA was extracted from isolated leukocytes and was used to quantify target mRNA transcript levels. Results: Our data revealed that the circulating levels of miR-29a-3p and miR-92a-3p exhibited significant reduction in 90% and 100% of AML patients, respectively, when compared to the control group (p<0.001). On the other hand, the transcript level of the target gene of these miRNAs, MCL1, showed a sharp increase in 77.5% (p<0.001) of AML patients, along with a negative correlation with its regulatory miRNAs, miR-29a-3p and miR-92a-3p. Conclusion: Our data validates the negative regulatory role of miR-29a-3p and miR-92a-3p to the expression levels of MCL1 in peripheral blood and indicates that these miRNAs can be used as non-invasive diagnostic markers. Furthermore, our study highlights the therapeutic potential of miR-29a-3p and miR-92a-3p to target and downregulate a very important gene (MCL1), which is highly implicated in the pathogenesis of AML.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88882_6b48190dd589fb06907a069430a36053.pdf
AML
miRNAs
RNA
qPCR
MCL1
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3635
3642
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3635
88861
Role of Inflammatory Markers in Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Thinali Sousa Dantas
thinali@hotmail.com
1
Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva
paulo_goberlanio@yahoo.com.br
2
Maria Elisa Quezado Lima Verde
elisalimaverde@gmaail.com
3
Aloísio de Lima Ribeiro Junior
junior_lima_03@hotmail.com
4
Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Saldanha Cunha
pathopatty@hotmail.com
5
Mário Rogério Lima Mota
mariolmota@yahoo.com.br
6
Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves
ananegreirosnunes@gmail.com
7
Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão
leitao_renata@yahoo.com.br
8
Fabrício Bitu Sousa
fbitu@hotmail.com
9
Division of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Division of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Division of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Ceará School of Oncology, Hospital Haroldo Juaçaba, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Division of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Division of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Department of Morphology, Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Division of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Background: This estudie evaluated the immunostaining of cytokines in oral carcinoma, in tissue of margin of surgical resecate (MSR) and metastatic lymph nodes, as well as their role in patient prognosis. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas, and sociodemographic and clinical-pathological data were evaluated. In addition, surgical site analysis of the patients was conducted by immunohistochemistry, using a tissue microarray for inflammatory (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-1beta, Interleukin-6, interleukin-10), transcription NF-kappa B and CD68 markers. Immunoexpression was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively using ImageJ software, and data were correlated with the prognostic factors and patient survival rates. Results: There was a greater immunoexpression of inflammatory and CD68 cytokines in primary tumour and lymph node metastasis than in MSR. In a multinomial logistic regression model, patients with low education (p = 0.041) and a high histoscore for TNF-α (p = 0.021) showed a survival rate of 15.64 (95% CI = 1.13-217.24) and 6.81 (95% CI = 1.02-105.96). Conclusion: Therefore, despite there is an increased immunoexpression of cytokines in the primary tumour, only TNF-α was the inflammatory cytokine that influenced the survival of patients with oral cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88861_d4136d8e11d3915c422846044bb7852f.pdf
Inflammation
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
survival
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3643
3647
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3643
88852
Carcinogen Metabolism Pathway and Tumor Suppressor Gene Polymorphisms and Gallbladder Cancer Risk in North Indians: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study
Takao Asai
asai@nuhw.ac.jp
1
Yasuo Tsuchiya
troof441@gmail.com
2
Kumudesh Mishra
kumudeshmishra@gmail.com
3
Anu Behari
anubehari@yahoo.co.in
4
Pooja Shukla
87shukla.pooja@gmail.com
5
Toshikazu Ikoma
toikoma28@gmail.com
6
Vinay K Kapoor
vkkapoor.india@gmail.com
7
Kazutoshi Nakamura
kazun@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
8
1Department of Clinical Engineering and Medical Technology, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.
Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India.
Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India.
Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Background: Carcinogen metabolism pathway and tumor suppressor gene polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with increased gallbladder cancer risk. However, the association of genetic variants and gallbladder cancer risk in Indians are not well studied. We examined whether genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes cytochrome P450 1A1 and glutathione S-transferase and tumor suppressor gene p53 (TP53) are associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer in North Indians. Methods: This hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 96 gallbladder cancer patients with gallstones (cases) and 93 cholelithiasis patients (controls) at the Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences in Lucknow, India from July 2014 through May 2017. Genomic DNA was extracted from white blood cells of each patient using a simple salting-out procedure. The genotypic frequencies of CYP1A1 rs4646903, CYP1A1 rs1048943, and TP53 rs1042522 polymorphisms were investigated using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay and GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were analyzed using the multiplex PCR assay. Results: The frequency of CC genotype of TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism was 27.1% (26/96) in cases and 12.9% (12/93) in controls. The CC genotype was associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer in North Indians (age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio, 2.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.19–6.61; P = 0.02). No significant differences in genotypic and allelic frequencies of the metabolic pathway gene polymorphisms were found between cases and controls. Conclusions: Our data provide preliminary evidence that the CC genotype of the TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer in North Indians.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88852_7262df09edd697cf4e45f0336930e43a.pdf
gallbladder cancer
North Indians
tumor suppressor gene
codon 72
Polymorphism
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3649
3654
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3649
88876
Validity and Reliability of Tamil translated University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire for Head and Neck Cancers
Sivaraman Ganesan
gsivram@gmail.com
1
Mahalakshmy Thulasingam
mahalakshmi.dr@gmail.com
2
K Gunaseelan
gunapgi@gmail.com
3
R Kalaiarasi
kalaiarasi004@gmail.com
4
Prasanth Penumadu
drpenumadu@gmail.com
5
Surya Ravichandran
snsrsurya@outlook.com
6
Arun Alexander
arunalexandercmc@gmail.com
7
Simon N Rogers
snrogers.aintree@gmail.com
8
Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Department of Surgical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
Regional Maxillofacial Unit, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Background: Quality of life is an important outcome measure used both in research and patient care across all cultural healthcare settings. Objective: This study is aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of interviewer-administered Tamil translated University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (Version 4) in a setting with low literacy. Methods: The study was done in a tertiary care teaching institute in Puducherry, South India. The translation was done by using ‘forward-backward translation method.’ A hundred subjects diagnosed with head and neck cancer (HNC) were interviewed before the initiation of treatment. The Tamil version of University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UWQOL) questionnaire was validated using the Tamil version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) version. Inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability was also assessed. Item-total correlation and Cronbach alpha were calculated for assessing validity and internal consistency respectively. Results: In the Tamil version of UWQOL, social-emotional subscale was more affected than physical subscale. The domains such as mood, anxiety, and pain were most affected. The subscale scores were significantly different between those with early and late cancer. Tamil version of UWQOL showed moderate correlation with WHOQOL-BREF. The Tamil version of UWQOL had good test-retest and inter-rater agreement. Item-total correlation for the subscales was >0.80. The internal consistency of the Tamil Questionnaire was acceptable with Cronbach Alpha of 0.69. Conclusion: The Tamil version of UWQOL questionnaire is a short, valid and reliable for HNC patients of low literacy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88876_c67f7e073c15f8c8a4d75b8f6f9160ca.pdf
World Health Organization Quality of Life
head and neck cancer
pre-treatment
low-literacy
India
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3655
3666
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3655
88874
Knowledge of Cancer Risk Factors, Symptoms, and Barriers to Seeking Medical Help among Omani Adolescents
Mohammed Al-Azri
mhalazri@squ.edu.om
1
Waleed Ibrahim Al-Saadi
waleed.7.w@gmail.com
2
Abdulaziz Al- Harrasi
dr3zooz35@gmail.com
3
Sathiya Murthi Panchatcharam
sathiya.m@omsb.org
4
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman.
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman.
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Sultanate of Oman.
Research Department, Oman Medical Specialty Board Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
Objective: Raising cancer awareness among adolescents should lead to early diagnosis and improve their survival rate into adulthood. This study aims to identify knowledge of cancer risk factors, symptoms and barriers to seek medical help among Omani adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study with Omani adolescents (aged 15-17 years) has been conducted in six schools in Muscat, the capital of Oman. The general Cancer Awareness Measure questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results: A total of 481 adolescents participated. The average recognition of cancer risk factors and symptoms was low (36.8% and 39.6%, respectively). Cancer risk factors and/or symptoms significantly recognised more in girls compared to boys (χ2 = 10.136; Odds ratio [OR] = 2.13 ; 95% confidence interval [CI]= 0.33-3.41; P = 0.001); older (age 17 year) versus younger (aged 15 and 16 years) (χ2 = 6.075; OR = 11.68; 95% CI: 1.11-2.53; P = 0.014); those with existing co-morbidities compared to those without (χ2 = 4.955; OR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.18-0.92; P = 0.026); and those who knew someone with cancer compared to those who did not (χ2 = 15.285; OR 2.70; 95% CI: 1.62-4.49; P <0.001). The majority of adolescents (88.8%) would seek medical help within the first two weeks of noting cancer symptoms. The most notable barriers to seek medical help were “emotional”. Girls were experienced “emotional barriers” significantly more than the boys (χ2 = 11.617; OR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.31-2.72; P = <0.001). Conclusion: Adolescents in Oman showed poor cancer awareness with several “emotional” barriers. There is a need to establish and integrate effective cancer educational programs in school curriculums to raise the cancer awareness, address emotional barriers and encourage seeking early medical help. The program could potentially have a life-long impact on encouraging early cancer diagnosis and improving the cancer survival rate.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88874_de6c7dccaac8019f99d46f168a63aa9f.pdf
cancer
Knowledge
Barriers
adolescents
Oman
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3667
3677
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3667
88864
Behavior and Food Consumption Pattern of the French Polynesian Population in the 1960s –1970s
Vladimir Drozdovitch
drozdovv@mail.nih.gov
1
André Bouville
abouville@aol.com
2
Tetuaura Tetuanui
tetua.tetuanui@gmail.com
3
Marc Taquet
marc.taquet@ird.fr
4
Jacques Gardon
jacques.gardon@ird.fr
5
Constance Xhaard
c.xhaard@chru-nancy.fr
6
Yan Ren
renyan0472@hotmail.com
7
Françoise Doyon
dominiquedoyon@yahoo.fr
8
Florent de Vathaire
florent.devathaire@gustaveroussy.fr
9
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA.
National Cancer Institute (retired), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Research Institute for Development, Center IRD on Tahiti, Arue, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
Research Institute for Development, Center IRD on Tahiti, Arue, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
Hydrosciences Montpellier, Research Institute for Development, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM U1018, Radiation Epidemiology Group, Villejuif, France.
National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM U1018, Radiation Epidemiology Group, Villejuif, France.
National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM U1018, Radiation Epidemiology Group, Villejuif, France.
National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM U1018, Radiation Epidemiology Group, Villejuif, France.
Background. Reconstruction of radiation doses to the thyroid for a case-control study of thyroid cancer in French Polynesians exposed to radioactive fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests during childhood and adolescence faced a major limitation on very little availability of information on lifestyle of French Polynesians in the 1960s–1970s. Method: We use the focus group discussion and key informant interview methodology to collect historical, for the 1960s–1970s, data on behavior and food consumption for French Polynesia population exposed to radioactive fallout from nuclear weapons tests conducted between 1966 and 1974. Results. We obtained archipelago-specific data on food consumptions by children of different ages and by pregnant and lactating women during pregnancy and breastfeeding and behaviour, including time spent outdoors and type and construction materials of residences. Conclusions. This article presents the first detailed information on several key aspects of daily life on French Polynesian archipelagoes during the 1960s–1970s impacting radiation exposure. Important behavior and food consumptions data obtained in this study are being used to improve the radiation dose estimates and to update the risk analysis reported earlier by correcting biases from previous assumptions and by providing better estimates of the parameter values important to radiation dose assessment.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88864_bec37263a1457a4b78d684c320aa63de.pdf
Behavior
food consumption
atmospheric nuclear weapons test
Radiation
French Polynesia
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3679
3687
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3679
88855
Downregulation of TMPRSS4 Enhances Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Radiosensitivity Through Cell Cycle and Cell Apoptosis Process Impairment
Ganiou Assani
ganiouassani@yahoo.com
1
Julien Segbo
julien.segbo@epac.uac.bj
2
Xiaoyan Yu
selunaii@foxmail.com
3
Akadiri Yessoufou
yeskad2001@yahoo.fr
4
Yudi Xiong
2011302180012@whu.edu.cn
5
Fuxiang Zhou
fuxiang.zhou@whu.edu.cn
6
Yunfeng Zhou
yfzhou@163.com
7
Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors; Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
University of Abomey Calavi, BP 526, Cotonou, Benin.
Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors; Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
University of Abomey Calavi, BP 526, Cotonou, Benin.
Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors; Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors; Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors; Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Background: Radioresistance remains a challenge for cancer radiotherapy. The present study aims to investigate the role of TMPRSS4 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell radiosensitivity. Materials and Methods: After transfection of MDA-MD-468 triple negative breast cancer cells line by using the lentivirus vector, the effect of TMPRSS4 down-regulation on TNBC radiosensitivity was evaluated by using cloning assay and CCK-8 assay. The CCK-8 assay was also used for performing cell proliferation analysis. Western blot was carried out to detect the expression of certain proteins related to cell cycle pathways (cyclin D1), cell apoptosis pathways (Bax, Bcl2, and Caspase3), DNA damage and DNA damage repair (TRF2, Ku80 , ˠH2AX) . The cell cycle and cell apoptosis were also investigated using flow cytometer analysis. Results: TMPRSS4 expression was down-regulated in MDA-MB-468 cells which enhanced MDA-MB-468 cells radiosensitivity. TMPRSS4 silencing also improved IR induced cell proliferation ability reduction and promoted cell arrested at G2/M phase mediated by 6 Gy IR associated with cyclin D1 expression inhibition. Moreover, TMPRSS4 inhibition enhanced TNBC apoptosis induced by 6 Gy IR following by over-expression of (Bax, Caspase3) and down-regulation of Bcl2 as the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins, respectively. Otherwise, TMPRSS4 down-regulation increases DNA damage induced by 6 Gy IR and delays DNA damage repair respectively illustrated by downregulation of TRF2 and permanent increase of Ku80 and ˠH2AX expression at 1 h and 10 h post-IR. Conclusion: Down-regulation of TMPRSS4 increases triple negative breast cancer cell radiosensitivity and the use of TMPRSS4 inhibitor can be encouraged for improving radiotherapy effectiveness in TNBC radioresistant patients.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88855_80eb04f302ab167406e6fc055a6e9b09.pdf
TMPRSS4
Triple-negative breast cancer
Radiosensitivity
Cell cycle
cell apoptosis
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3689
3695
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3689
88854
Longer Hydroxyurea Administration Prior to Imatinib Mesylate is Risk Factor for Unsuccessful Major Molecular Response in Chronic-Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Possibility of P-Glycoprotein Role
Ikhwan Rinaldi
ikhwanrinaldi@gmail.com
1
Ary Harryanto Reksodiputro
arryrek@gmail.com
2
Sri Widia Jusman
sriwidiaaj@gmail.com
3
Alida Harahap
alida_r_harahap@yahoo.com
4
Rianto Setiabudy
rianto_set@yahoo.com
5
Septelia Inawati Wanandi
septelia@gmail.com
6
Karmel Tambunan
karmeltambunan@yahoo.co.id
7
Catharina Suharti
chatarina.suharti@yahoo.co.id
8
Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Diponegoro-Dr. Karyadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the association between duration of HU administration prior to IM treatment and MMR achievement in chronic-phase CML while evaluating the role of MDA, HIF-1α and P-gp. Methods: The study was conducted at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital and Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta using retrospective cohort design to analyse the association between the duration of HU before IM and its MMR achievement and cross-sectional design to analyse the association between MDA, HIF-1α and P-gp expressions with MMR achievement. Main subjects were chronic-phase CML patients treated by HU prior to IM for ≥ 12 months and HU only. The subjects were divided into four main groups: (1) chronic-phase CML patients treated with HU ≤ 6 months + IM ≥ 12 months and (2) HU > 6 months + IM ≥ 12 months (3) HU only (≤ 6 months), (4) HU only ( >6 months). Subjects were obtained from January 2015 to May 2016. Data were gathered through history taking, physical examination, medical record evaluation, and blood sample analysis. Bivariate analysis was conducted using chi square, independent T-test, and Mann-Whitney according to the variables. Results: Administration of HU for more than 6 months prior to IM was associated with unsuccessful MMR achievement (RR 1.60; 95%CI 1.29-2.00). MDA level, HIF-1α, P-glycoprotein expression were not associated with MMR achievement but the mean MDA level (0.63±0.31 vs 0.75±0.41 p=0.461) and median P-glycoprotein expressions {16,92 (0,04 – 43,86) vs. 5,15 (0,02–39,64); p=0.311} were found to be higher in patients receiving HU for > 6 months group than in HU ≤ 6 months group consecutively. Conclusion: Administration of HU for more than 6 months prior to IM was associated with unsuccessful MMR achievement in chronic-phase CML. The study suggested that P-glycoprotein overexpression as the predictor for unsuccessful MMR achievement.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88854_5bc57008e40d579f998e4f6e7cfad28f.pdf
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Major Molecular Response
Hydroxyurea
imatinib mesylate
p-glycoprotein
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3697
3701
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3697
88869
The Evaluation of Intra-Operative Frozen Section Diagnosis Accuracy of Ovarian Tumors; Old Fashioned Not Out of Fashion
Piyanat Muruthapongsatorn
piyanatmdtu@gmail.com
1
Narong Inploy
narongin@gmail.com
2
Sinart Prommas
nprommas@gmail.com
3
Buppa Smanchat
bpsmanchat@gmail.com
4
Kornkarn Bhamarapravatana
drkornkarn@gmail.com
5
Komsun Suwannarurk
k_suwannarurk@yahoo.com
6
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Royal Thai Air Force, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Royal Thai Air Force, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Royal Thai Air Force, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Royal Thai Air Force, Bangkok, Thailand.
Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Background: The accuracy of intra-operative decision in confirming ovarian tumor malignancy during the operation is vital. Frozen sections are an important intra-operative tool to determine the provisional diagnosis and appropriate treatment of a tumor. Study design: All records of diagnosed ovarian tumor patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy with intra-operative frozen sections request at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital (BAH) between January 2016 and June 2018 were reviewed. Main outcome measures: Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of intra-operative frozen and permanent sections were evaluated. Result: A total of 150 cases were recruited in this study. The mean age was 45.4 years. The number of benign, borderline and malignant ovarian tumors in this study were 97, 9 and 44 cases, respectively. The overall accuracy was 93.3%. Percentage of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for benign, borderline and malignancy were 98.0/94.7/94.0, 100/88.9/79.6, 94.3/95.0/100, 97.0/55.3/100 and 100/99.3/92.2, respectively. Conclusion: The frozen section results yielded accurate diagnosis for rapid intraoperative evaluation of ovarian tumors. Its high accuracy allows for an appropriate surgical plan to be made in a timely manner. Large sizes and suspected mucinous borderline ovarian tumors reduced accuracy factors of frozen sections.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88869_71e27337877ecc60ea8c67ce4b24aa24.pdf
Intra-operative Frozen section
accuracy
ovarian tumor
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3703
3710
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3703
88849
Call for Systematic Population-Based Cervical Cancer Screening: Findings from Community-Based Screening Camps in Tamil Nadu, India
Elangovan Vidhubala
vidhubalae@gmail.com
1
Hemant Deepak Shewade
hemantjipmer@gmail.com
2
Anandan K Niraimathi
nirai.feniviresearch@gmail.com
3
Sethupathy Ramkumar
ramsearch42@gmail.com
4
Gomathi Ramaswamy
gmthramaswamy@gmail.com
5
G Nagalekshmi
gnagagsri@gmail.com
6
B Sankar Mahadevan
uu1sankar@gmail.com
7
Nellai Cancer Care Center, Tirunelveli, (An unit of Udhavum Ullangal), Tamil Nadu, India.
International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France.
Fenivi Research Solutions, Chennai, India.
Nellai Cancer Care Center, Tirunelveli, (An unit of Udhavum Ullangal), Tamil Nadu, India.
National Centre of Excellence and Advanced Research on Anemia Control (NCEAR -A), Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
Department of General Surgery, Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu, India.
Nellai Cancer Care Center, Tirunelveli, (An unit of Udhavum Ullangal), Tamil Nadu, India.
Background: In India, systematic cervical cancer screening under the national programme is yet to cover the entire population and therefore opportunistic or camp based approach is commonly practiced screening mode currently. This study presents the proportion of screen-positive women [positive visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) and/or Papanicolaou (Pap) smear results] and its associated factors from a rural community-based cervical cancer screening conducted in a service setting. Methods: In this cross-sectional study involving record review, data was drawn from free screening camps conducted by a non-governmental organization in two rural districts of Tamil Nadu, India between March 2015 and March 2017. The associations were assessed using adjusted prevalence ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results: A total of 5,207 women were screened from 307 camps. The mean age was 39.5 years (SD: 8.6). At least one symptom was observed among 2,245 women (43.1%). Of 5,207 women, 19.4% (n=1,009, 95% CI: 18.3%, 20.5%) were screen-positive. Screen positivity in women
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88849_340e075cbe19a0a8758242fb732e398a.pdf
Early Diagnosis
camp approach
Cancer Cervix
VIA/Pap smear
SORT IT
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3711
3721
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3711
88842
Delays in Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer and the Pathways of Care: A Mixed Methods Study from a Tertiary Cancer Centre in North East India
Arvind Kumar
drarvind.ak@gmail.com
1
Srabana Misra Bhagabaty
srabana.misra@gmail.com
2
Jaya Prasad Tripathy
ijay.doc@gmail.com
3
Kalaiselvi Selvaraj
kalaiselvi.dr@gmail.com
4
Joydeep Purkayastha
drjoydeeppurkayastha@gmail.com
5
Ravikant Singh
ravikant.singh@doctorsforyou.org
6
Public Health, Cluster Coordinator, Doctors For You, Guwahati, India.
Department of Preventive Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Assistant Professor, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Assistant Professor, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India.
Department of Preventive Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, India.
Public Health, Cluster Coordinator, Doctors For You, Guwahati, India.
Introduction: In India, mortality rate in breast cancer is high because more than half are diagnosed late at locally advanced or metastatic stages. This might be due to presentation delay (recognition of symptoms to first provider consultation) and treatment delay (first provider consultation to initiation of treatment), together known as overall delay. We aimed to estimate the overall delay in diagnosis and treatment in breast cancer and the associated factors, describe pathway of care and explore the reasons for delay from a patients’ and providers’ perspective. Methods: Explanatory sequential mixed-methods study with a quantitative component (retrospective cohort study including breast cancer patients registered at Dr. Borooah Cancer Institute (BBCI), Guwahati during February-June 2019) followed by descriptive qualitative component (in-depth interviews with 15 patients and 10 care providers). Results: Of 269 breast cancer patients, median (Inter Quartile Range) overall delay was 203 (110-401) days, presentation delay was 35 (10-112) days and treatment delay was 130 (75-258) days. Majority of patients approached private sector (190, 70.6%) as the first care provider. Nearly half of all patients (136, 50.6%) visited one health care provider before reaching the BBCI and another one-third (90, 33.5%) visited two providers. Reasons for presentation delay were misconception about the disease, perceived stigma, fear and denial of cancer, attribution of symptoms to trivial conditions, family responsibilities and embarrassment of breast examination by a male doctor. Treatment delay was due to initial visit to, misclassification of disease severity, dissatisfaction with care at public facilities, poor accessibility and affordability, fear of treatment and its side effects. Conclusion: Treatment delay was the major contributor to overall delay. Private providers need to be sensitized and trained in screening of breast cancer and referral of suspected cases of cancer. More awareness is needed about warning symptoms of breast cancer and misconceptions regarding the disease.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88842_c5adab8e5c48dd2a7bf0f672e0d4594f.pdf
breast cancer
delay
Mixed method
North East India
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3723
3728
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3723
88856
The Role of Stem Cell Factor in Hyperpigmented Skin Lesions
Aliaa Atef
dra_kabel@yahoo.com
1
Mohamed A El-Rashidy
dra_kabel@hotmail.com
2
Amal Abdel Azeem
lamees.dawood@yahoo.com
3
Ahmed M Kabel
drakabel@gmail.com
4
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Background: Skin hyperpigmentation usually results from an increased number, or activity, of melanocytes. The degree of pigmentation of skin depends on the amount and type of melanin, degree of skin vascularity, presence of carotene, and thickness of the stratum corneum. Common causes of hyperpigmentation include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, solar lentigines, ephelides (freckles), and café-au-lait macules. Some skin tumors can be hyperpigmented as basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and malignant melanoma (MM). Stem cell factor (SCF) is a growth factor and its interaction with its receptor, c-kit, is well known to be critical to the survival of melanocytes. Methods: This study was carried out on 60 patients complaining of hyperpigmented skin lesions (20 melasma, 20 solar lentigines, and 20 freckles) and 36 patients with skin tumors (14 BCC, 12 SCC, and 10 MM). Punch skin biopsies were taken from the previous lesions. Immunohistochemical staining of these samples was done using the stem cell factor (SCF). Results: There was positive expression of SCF in all cases of melasma, solar lentigines and freckles with significant increase in the intensity of expression in the lesional areas than the non-lesional ones (P=0.004). There was also a statistically significant increase in the expression of SCF in BCC and melanoma tumor cells. Conclusion: SCF has a great role in skin hyperpigmented disorders and this can be used as a target for the developing of new antipigmentary lines of treatment by inhibiting SCF. SCF can also be involved in the emergence of some skin tumors.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88856_522175a51654fbc236af598f2f7cccf7.pdf
Stem cell factor
melasma
Basal cell carcinoma
Melanoma
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3729
3734
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3729
88853
Estrogen Receptor Beta (ERβ) May Act as Mediator in Apoptotic Induction of Grape Seed Extract (GSE)
Zahra Abroodi
z.abroodi@gmail.com
1
Nayereh Sajedi
nayerehsajedi@yahoo.com
2
Medi Nikbakht
3
Mitra Soleimani
mitrasoleimani1@gmail.com
4
Department of anatomical sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of anatomical sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of anatomical sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of anatomical sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Background: Grape seed extract is a complex mixture of polyphenols. Its anti-tumor effects have been reported by several studies. Estrogen receptors (ERs) are commonly considered as important markers for breast cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the apoptotic effects of GSE on MCF7 breast cancer cells and assessed the expression of ERβ during treatment of cells with GSE. Material and Methods: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of GSE in MCF7 breast cancer cells were calculated by treating cells with serial dilution of GSE for 48 hours and cell viability evaluated using MTT assay. Then cells assigned to three groups: control (no treatment), DMSO (cells treated with 0.05% of DMSO) and GSE group (cells treated with of GSE for 48 hours). The apoptosis assay was performed by detecting Annexin V protein by flow cytometry. The gene expression of ERβ and caspase-3 was evaluated by Real-Time PCR. Results: Cells in GSE group treated with GSE IC50 concentration for 48 hours. Annexin V staining assay, represented early apoptosis detected by flow cytometry analysis showed significantly higher expression (p<0.01) than control and DMSO groups. Moreover, results of Real-Time PCR showed a significant expression in ERβ and caspase-3 genes in GSE group compared to control and DMSO groups (Fold change = 2.3 and 3.5, respectively). Conclusion: GSE may induce apoptosis in MCF7 human breast cancer cells by activation of ERβ gene.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88853_a340e808aa860e6af6e76a018a1ae911.pdf
GSE
MCF7 breast cancer line
IC50
ERβ
caspase-3
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3735
3746
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3735
88868
Prognostic Value of c-Myc Immunohistochemical Expression in Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Retrospective Study
Amira Emad Elwy
amiraelwy91@gmail.com
1
Tarek Mohamed Elsaba
tarek_elsaba@aun.edu.eg
2
Ahmed Refaat Abd Elzaher
a7med_refaat@yahoo.com
3
Mahmoud Ismail Nassar
mnassar7@hotmail.com
4
Department of Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Department of Medical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of c-Myc in muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) of the urinary bladder and to evaluate the correlation of c-Myc expression with different clinicopathological parameters and outcome, including a relatively new histopathological tumor characteristic that is the growth pattern of tumor invasion. Methods: A total of 66 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections of MIUC obtained from radical cystectomy specimens were enrolled. The sections were stained with c-Myc antibody using immunohistochemistry technique. Results: Tumor cells showed variability in nuclear c-Myc expression according to the growth pattern of invasion. The median H-score of nuclear expression of infiltrative pattern was significantly higher than that of non-infiltrative pattern (p<0.001). Nuclear expression of c-Myc in tumor tissue had a significant association with poor prognostic factors (sarcomatoid variant (p<0.001), perineural invasion (p=0.037), lymphovascular invasion (p<0.001), lymph node metastasis (p<0.001), distant metastasis (p=0.042) and advanced stage grouping (p=0.001). Kaplan Meier survival analysis demonstrated that c-Myc expression could not be significantly correlated with overall survival or disease free survival rates. Conclusion: Nuclear c-Myc seems to have a prominent role in epithelial to mesenchymal transition with consequential in tumor progression and metastasis, while it is not as much useful to predict the clinical behavior of patients with MIUC.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88868_282d0a63bbef1d96af2d693f0bd70f88.pdf
Urothelial carcinoma
muscle invasive
c-Myc
infiltrative pattern
Prognosis
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3747
3754
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3747
88865
Association of XPO1 Overexpression with NF-κB and Ki67 in Colorectal Cancer
Mohammed Aladhraei
histo20042000@yahoo.com
1
Abdulla Kassem Al-Thobhani
abdulla_althobhani@yahoo.com
2
Naravat Poungvarin
naravat@gmail.com
3
Prasit Suwannalert
prasit.suw@mahidol.ac.th
4
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana’a, Sana’a, Yemen.
Clinical Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Objectives: Exportin 1(XPO1), a nuclear exporter protein, has been gaining recognition in cancer progression and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the overexpression of XPO1 with NF-κB, Ki67 and clinicopathological characteristics in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue samples and to explore the anti-proliferative effect of KPT-330, as XPO1 inhibitor, in colorectal cancer cell line. Methods: Forty CRC tissue samples were analyzed by immunostaining for the expressions of XPO1, NF-κB and Ki67 and then the anti-proliferative effect of the KPT-330 was also evaluated in HT29 colorectal cancer cell line. Results: XPO1 overexpression was observed in 52.5% of CRC and significantly apparent with strong intensity in tumor cells compared to the normal adjacent epithelium (P<0.001). Regarding to the histopathological characteristics, the XPO1 overexpression significantly associated with advanced tumor stages (P=0.049) and has great tendency towards moderate/poorly differentiated tumors. Although the XPO1 overexpression was strongly associated with high Ki67 expression (P=0.001), only Ki67 expression showed significant association with tumor size (P=0.012). No significant association was detected between the XPO1 overexpression and NF-κB, while the NF-κB positive expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and Ki67 expression at P=0.027 and P= 0.007, respectively. The in vitro experiments showed a great impact of KPT-330, as XPO1 inhibitor, to inhibit cancer growth in dose and time dependent manner and significantly diminished the colony formation (P<0.001) of HT29 cells- associated with the expression of Ki67 (P<0.001). Conclusion: XPO1 overexpression and NF-κB expression may serve as potential biomarker associated with CRC pathogenesis and proliferation, while the KPT-330 is effectively inhibited-colon cancer growth in vitro. Further studies considering the prognostication role of XPO1 overexpression in CRC are required.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88865_d3d211697087a35bbd1b328d4f751551.pdf
Colorectal cancer (CRC)
Exportin 1 (XPO1)
NF-κB
Ki67
KPT-330
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3755
3762
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3755
88859
Forgone Health and Economic Benefits Associated with Socioeconomic Differences in Organized Cervical Cancer Screening
Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh
hsiehchiarong@gmail.com
1
Zih-Jhen Chen
j4623273@gmail.com
2
Chin-Chen Liu
lcmklcmk@gmail.com
3
Jen-Huai Chiang
zinvii@gmail.com
4
Shwn-Huey Shieh
shshieh@cmu.edu.tw
5
Ming-Shun Hsieh
edmingshun@gmail.com
6
Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Objective: To describe cervical cancer screening participation among women in Taiwan under its population-based screening policy and to estimate the economic burden of disease attributable to avoidable disparities in cervical cancer (CC) screening. Methods: We identified a nationally-representative sample of females aged 30 years or above who were eligible for Pap smear testing in Taiwan from 1 January to 31 December 2013. An administrative database with detailed claims of health care utilization under the universal coverage health care system was used. Socioeconomic position of the female subjects was defined using the occupation classification, and two groups were specifically identified: general (O1) and low-income (O5) groups. Differences in screening rate, CC prevalence, and CC-attributable deaths were assessed between the two groups. Economic consequences as a result of screening inequalities were estimated using actual total health care spending (health care expenditure), monetary value per life-year and years of life lost for ill health and screening disparities (health as consumption good), and productivity losses alongside costs of social benefits (health as capital good). Result: A total of 301,057 enrolled females aged 30 years and older eligible for screening were identified. Overall, 3-year and 1-year screening rates among all subjects were 0.601 and 0.372, respectively. Impact of observed differences in screening translated to US$59,568 of health care spending in one year, 90.4% of which was specific to hospital admissions. When we viewed health as a consumption good and capital good, the impact of screening disparity on health losses through CC would be equivalent to US$78,095 and US$190,868, respectively. Conclusion: Forgone health and economic benefits associated with inequalities in CC screening uptake can be considerable in productive women.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88859_3979f75b304b678a3b938f45fd584011.pdf
Pap smear
cancer screening
Cervical cancer
inequalities
economics
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3763
3770
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3763
88884
AMPK Activation of Apoptotic Markers in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines with Different p53 Backgrounds: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and T47D Cells
Omar S El-Masry
oselmasry@iau.edu.sa
1
Barry L Brown
b.l.brown@shef.ac.uk
2
Pauline R M Dobson
p.dobson@shef.ac.uk
3
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom.
Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom.
Background: Downregulation of AMPK has been established as a major contributor to carcinogenesis in many types of human cancer. We sought to investigate the influence of activated AMPK on apoptotic markers in human breast cancer cells differing in their p53 status, as well as estrogen receptor status (MCF-7 (p53+ and ER+), MDA-MB-231 (p53 mutant and ER-) and T47D (p53 mutant and ER+)). Methods: We examined the effect of AICAR-activated AMPK on PARP cleavage, Bax redistribution, the involvement of intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis using selective caspase inhibitors and cell cycle progression and p21 levels. Results: PARP cleavage occurred to a greater extent in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas Bax translocation was slower in MDA-MB-231 cells. Although there were quantitative differences in the effect of caspase inhibitors, it was clear that AMPK activation predominately affected the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Although, p21 was increased in all 3 cell types, there were quantitative and time differences. Apoptosis, as measured by fluorimetry, was increased in all three cell types. Conclusion: The impact of AMPK activation was cell type dependent resulting in differential activation of apoptotic markers, confirming that the genetic background of breast cancer may have an influence on the mode of action of AMPK. Thus, different anti-tumour mechanisms may be elicited depending on the cellular genotype.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88884_42f06800d37cc5cfc46252c57fe71d99.pdf
AMPK
Apoptosis
breast cancer
PARP
Cell cycle
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3771
3776
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3771
88844
Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities of Fenugreek Seed Extract
Lina A Naser Al-Timimi
lina1977_abbas@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq.
This work is about the utilization of fenugreek seed as an antibacterial and anticancer agents. The antibacterial activity of fenugreek seed extract on six pathological bacteria strains were specified through conventional biochemical tests using the Vitek2 automated system and diffusion agar method. The anticancer activities of fenugreek seed extract, on MCF-7 breast cancer cells, liver cancer HCAM cells and the non-cancerous Vero cell lines, were investigated using colorimetric MTT assay. Results showed that the highest activity of the extract of the seed was found on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22 mm and 17 mm diameter of inhibition zones respectively). The seed extract showed proliferative inhibition on MCF-7 cell line at a concentration of 400 µg/ml and 72 h of the incubation period. This was accompanied by insignificant apoptosis or necrosis. The seed extract showed no anticancer effect on liver and Vero cell lines. This work emphasizes that fenugreek seed extract is a potential source of antibacterial and anticancer agents.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88844_0ecf7a3a87387777d1a757e4e5d927c6.pdf
Fenugreek seed
Pathogenic bacteria
breast cancer
Antibacterial effect
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3777
3781
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3777
88866
Analysis of Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm in the Classification of Breast Cancer
Harikumar Rajaguru
harikumarrajaguru@gmail.com
1
Sannasi Chakravarthy S R
elektroniqz@gmail.com
2
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India.
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India.
Objective: The death rate of breast tumour is falling as there is progress in its research area. However, it is the most common disease among women. It is a great challenge in designing a machine learning model to evaluate the performance of the classification of breast tumour. Methods: Implementing an efficient classification methodology will support in resolving the complications in analyzing breast cancer. This proposed model employs two machine learning (ML) algorithms for the categorization of breast tumour; Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) algorithm is used for the breast tumour classification. Result: This classification includes the two levels of disease as benign or malignant. These two machine learning algorithms are verified using the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset after feature selection using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The comparison of these two ML algorithms is done using the standard performance metrics. Conclusion: The comparative analysis results indicate that the KNN classifier outperforms the result of the decision-tree classifier in the breast cancer classification.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88866_7d639f249fad4ef60cc0f704be96debb.pdf
breast cancer
Mammogram
knn
PCA
decision tree
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3783
3787
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3783
88867
Effect of Obesity in Persistent or Remission in Postmenopausal Women with Atypical Cervical Cytology
Paweena Phaliwong
p_phaliwong@yahoo.com
1
Wiyada Luangdansakul
nui.obgyn@gmail.com
2
Kornkarn Kornkarn Bhamarapravatana
drkornkarn@gmail.com
3
Komsun Suwannarurk
k_suwannarurk@yahoo.com
4
Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Objectives: To determine the effects of obesity in pre and postmenopausal women diagnosed with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) (in cases of remission, persistence, and progression of disease) after initial management and follow-up within 2 years to inform proper management for postmenopausal Thai women. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Thailand between January 2013 and October 2018. Medical records of 506 patients whose cervical cytology reported of ASC-US were reviewed. Prevalence of silent high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) was evaluated. Cervical cytology after completed follow-up within 2 years were determined. Results: During the study period, there were 506 cases of ASC-US cytology reported. One quarter of cases were of post-menopausal status. Prevalence of CIN 2/3 in ASC-US cytology in pre and postmenopausal women were 9.9 and 7.2%, respectively. At 2-year follow-up appointments, around 90% of patients who completed follow-up remained in remission of the disease in both age groups. Menopausal status, body mass index (BMI), sexual activity, number of sexual partners, parity, smoking and hormone replacement therapy were not correlating factors to remission. Obese postmenopausal women had a lower remission rate of CIN, but this finding was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Obesity was not found to correlate strongly with the progression or remission of CIN. Obese postmenopausal women may still be affected by a persistence of the disease. Continuing cervical cytology monitoring should be recommended for such patients. Silent high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) in ASC-US cytology in this study were high. Colposcopy should be recommended for diagnosis and follow-up in this setting.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88867_194834cb443b84c8adae15be959d467c.pdf
ASC-US
CIN
menopause
Obesity
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3789
3796
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3789
88877
Exosomes as a Surrogate Marker for Autophagy in Peripheral Blood, Correlative Data from Phase I Study of Chloroquine in Combination with Carboplatin/Gemcitabine in Advanced Solid Tumors
Nagla Abdel Karim
nkarim@augusta.edu
1
Ola Gaber
drs_olagaber@yahoo.edu
2
Hashim M Aljohani
3
Ihab Eldessouki
ihab_del@yahoo.com
4
El Mustapha Bahassi
bhassiem@ucmail.uc.edu
5
John Morris
morri2j7@ucmail.uc.edu
6
Department of Hematology –Oncology, University of Cincinnati, U S A.
Department of Hematology –Oncology, University of Cincinnati, U S A.
Department of Hematology –Oncology, University of Cincinnati, U S A.
Department of Hematology –Oncology, University of Cincinnati, U S A.
Department of Hematology –Oncology, University of Cincinnati, U S A.
Department of Hematology –Oncology, University of Cincinnati, U S A.
Background: Autophagy is a catabolic process, utilized constitutionally by body cells to recycle nutrients and to remove unwanted/damaged intracellular constituents. It is enhanced during periods of stress, such as starvation and hypoxia, aiding in cell survival and it is linked to major cellular processes, such as apoptosis and antigen expression. The process has been extensively studied in vitro models or tumor tissue samples with rare application on human subjects. Methods: Plasma samples from 24 advanced solid tumor patients were collected at different time points before and after chemotherapy. Their exosomes were isolate and blotted for microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain-3 (LC-3B) protein as a marker for autophagy. All the subjects received a standard chemotherapy regimen of carboplatin- gemcitabine with chloroquine (CQ)/ hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in chronic doses throughout their treatment period as an autophagy modulator. CQ/HCQ was given in 50 mg increments as guided by their tolerability to treatment. Results: A total of 267 plasma samples were obtained for the 24 patients and processed. Each sample corresponds to a single time point. The first group included 6 patients, all received 50 mg of CQ with chemotherapy. LC-3B I was detected in their isolated exosomes, while LC3-BII was not detected in their samples. The second cohort of patients included 3 subjects who re-ceived 100mg of HCQ. They demonstrated both LC3-BI and II on day 15 after chemotherapy in one patient, and on third cycle after 24 hours in the second patient. The third cohort included 3 subjects who received 150 mg of HCQ. All cases demonstrated LC3-BI and II on first cycle of treatment after less than 24 hours. The last cohort included 8 subjects, who received a fixed dose of 100 mg of HCQ with treatment. In this cohort, we were able to detect both LC3-B isoforms on advanced time points of second and third cycles. Conclusion: Detection of autophagy protein LC3-B in exosomes serves as a dynamic method to monitor autophagy. It can be utilized to study the effects of anti-neoplastic agents on autophagy and mechanisms of drug resistance, however, to standardize our results a larger specimen of patients should be included.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88877_341532ab3f9dcc8764d2acea8b3a7f15.pdf
Autophagy
cancer
exosomes
Biomarker
Western blotting
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3797
3803
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3797
88870
Natural Killer Cell Expansion with Autologous Feeder Layer and Anti-CD3 Antibody for Immune Cell Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Faezeh Hosseinzadeh
hossinzadeh1365@gmail.com
1
Jafar Ai
jafar_ai@tums.ac.ir
2
Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
somaye.ebrahimi@gmail.com
3
Iman Seyhoun
i.seihoon@gmail.com
4
Abbas Hajifathali
hajifathali@yahoo.com
5
Samad Muhammadnejad
s-muhammadnejad@sina.tums.ac.ir
6
Fatemeh Hosseinzadeh
f.hosseinzadeh1998@yahoo.com
7
Mahdi Shadnoush
mshadnoush@gmail.com
8
Farnaz Dabiri Oskouei
farnaz.dabiri@gmail.com
9
Javad Verdi
javad0verdi@gmail.com
10
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences,School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences,School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences,School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences,School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Taleghani Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,Taleghani Hospital,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Dentistry Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Stem Cell Therapy, Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences,School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: one of the promising approaches for treatment of some cancers is adoptive cell therapy using natural killer (NK) cells. Various methods have been investigated for ex vivo expansion of NK cells in large-scale, but most of them involved cancer or genetically modified cells as feeder layer and also some of them have the risk of T cell contamination and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Method: In this study, irradiated autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as feeder layer with an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) were used. For activation and expansion of NK cells, human recombinant IL2 and IL15 were used. After co-culturing of expanded NK cells (eNKC) and isolated NK cells (iNKC) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, the viability of eNKC in compared to iNKC were analyzed by CCK-8 assay and degranulation of NK cells after co-culturing was assayed by measuring CD107a expression. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) assay was used for the ability of NK cells to secretion of IFN-γ (interferon-γ) and TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) after co-culture with HCC cells. Real Time PCR analysis was used for expression of human Perforin and Granzyme B genes in the NK cells exposed to target HepG2 cells. Result: This method strongly expanded highly purified NK cells with powerful cytotoxicity against HCC cells. The expanded NK cells showed high level of expression of degranulation marker and human Perforin and Granzyme B genes, and also was secreted larger amounts of TNF-α and IFN-γ compared with fresh isolated NK cells. Conclusion: we proposed an effective method for expansion of cytotoxic NK cells using irradiated autologous PBMC as feeder layer for more successful transfer of allogeneic NK cell in immuno cell therapy of HCC.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88870_8e2943d281cc5c93b86150c0f962e3f3.pdf
Natural Killer cell expansion
immune cell therapy
Hepatocellular carcinoma
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3805
3810
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3805
88848
Design and Development of In-House Multichannel Applicator for HDR Vaginal Brachytherapy and Dosimetric Comparision with Single Channel Applicator
Kesavan Govindaraj
kesavanmp@gmail.com
1
Senthilkumar Shanmugam
senthilgh@gmail.com
2
Sowmiya Sampathrajan
doctorsowmiyapgi@gmail.com
3
Department of Radiotherapy, Vadamalayan Hospitals Integrated Cancer Centre, Madurai, India.
Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.
Department of Radiotherapy, Vadamalayan Hospitals Integrated Cancer Centre, Madurai, India.
Introduction: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a leading cause of female cancer in developed countries. The total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection is the primary management of endometrial cancer. Afterwards vaginal brachytherapy can be preferred either alone or combined with external beam radiotherapy to avoid the vault recurrence. This study was to assess the in-house multichannel applicator for HDR vaginal brachytherapy and dosimetric compression with the single channel applicator through DVHs. The main objective of this study was to design and development of an in-house multichannel applicator for HDR vaginal brachytherapy and dosimetric compression with the single channel applicator through DVHs. Materials and Methods: The multichannel applicator is a solid cylinder with 3 cm diameter, 13 cm length. It has a central channel surrounded by eight channels with a periphery arrangement in a single circle. We randomly selected eleven patients with endometrial carcinoma and 7Gy/per fraction of HDR dose was prescribed to CTV. Retrospectively, two 3D inverse treatment plans were created for each patient, with single channel loading and multichannel loading and the dose distribution of both plans could be compared. CTV coverage, rectum and bladder doses were compared. Results: The DVH analysis showed statistically significant difference between single and multichannel plan, that is for D95 of CTV (p=0.008), D100 of CTV (p=0.004) and 2cc of CTV (p=0.003). The p value for 1cc, 2cc and V70 are 0.003, 0.003 and 0.003 for rectum. On the other hand, bladder DVHs showed large difference between single and multichannel plan yet it is not statistically significant, and the p values for 1cc, 2cc and V 80 are 0.012, 0.009 and 0.225. Conclusion: The authors conclude that in house multichannel applicator with 3D inverse treatment planning techniques improves the dosimetric advantage over single channel applicators.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88848_4d9537436176c6a11d0045d6c993e2c8.pdf
endometrial carcinoma
In-House Multichannel applicator
Single channel applicator
HDR vaginal brachytherapy
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3811
3816
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3811
88847
Trends in the Incidence of Breast Cancer Following the Radiological Accident in Goiânia: A 25-Year Analysis
Rosemar Macedo Sousa Rahal
rosems@terra.com.br
1
Marina Elias Rocha
marinaeliasrochaenf@gmail.com
2
Ruffo Freitas-Junior
ruffojr@terra.com.br
3
Rosangela da Silveira Correa
rosilveiracorrea@gmail.com
4
Danielle Rodrigues
daniellepsinetto@yahoo.com.br
5
Edesio Martins
prof.edesio@gmail.com
6
Leonardo Ribeiro Soares
1ribeiroufg@hotmail.com
7
Jose Carlos Oliveira
djcarlosoliveira@gmail.com
8
Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil.
Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil.
Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil.
Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil.
Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil.
Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil.
Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil.
Goiania Population-Based Cancer Registry, Goiania, Goias, Brazil.
Background: The largest radiological accident to occur in any urban area happened in Goiânia, Brazil, in 1987. One major concern regarding deleterious effects in the population was a possible increase in the breast cancer incidence. This study analyzed trends in the incidence of breast cancer over the 25-year period following the radiological accident. Methods: This ecological, population-based study was conducted to determine the incidence of breast cancer in female residents of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, between 1988 and 2012. The data were collected from the Goiânia population-based cancer registry. Crude and age-standardized incidence rates were calculated. The Joinpoint software program was used to calculate annual percent changes (APC) in the incidence of breast cancer. Results: Overall, 7,365 new cases of breast cancer were identified, with an annual crude incidence rate of 23.09/100,000 women in 1988 and of 71.65/100,000 women in 2012. The age-standardized incidence rate was 35.63/100,000 women in 1988 and 65.63/100,000 women in 2012. Analysis of the APC showed a significant annual increase of 4.8% in the incidence between 1988 and 2005 (p<0.0001) followed by stabilization in 2005-2012, with an APC of -3.5% (p=0.1). Conclusion: There was an increase in the incidence of breast cancer in the female residents of Goiânia, Goiás in the first 17 years of evaluation (1988-2004) followed by a period of stabilization until 2012. However, the trends in the incidence suggest a lack of association with the radiological accident.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88847_51e6e53823f5bb6262072c62f27ee4bd.pdf
breast cancer
Epidemiology
Incidence
age group
Brazil
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3817
3823
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3817
88875
Is High Definition MLC Dosimetrically Superior to Standard Definition MLC for SIB-SBRT for Carcinoma Prostate
Bijina T K
tkbijina@gmail.com
1
K M Ganesh
kmganesh1@gmail.com
2
Pichandi A
apichu@gmail.com
3
Research and Development Center, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.
Department of Radiation Physics, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Healthcare Global Enterprises, Bangalore, India.
Objective: The study was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the dosimetric effects of high definition (2.5 mm) and standard definition (5.0 mm) MLC on the quality of SBRT plans using SIB-IMRT and SIB-VMAT technique for carcinoma prostate and also to evaluate the dosimetric advantage of one technique over the other. Materials and Methods: Seventeen annonymized planning CT data sets were used to generate plans for both VMAT and IMRT techniques using 2.5 mm and 5.0 mm MLC.The prescription to the nodule was 45Gy in 5 fractions and to the prostate was 35Gy in 5 fractions.CI, GI, D2%, D98%, D50% and V95% for target; D2%, Dmean, V80%, V20% for OAR’s; V5% of the irradiated volume, and delivered MU’s were analyzed.An independent t-test was used to compare the plans. Patient specific QA for all plans were also performed and analyzed. Results: Minor difference in dosimetric indices was observed between 2.5mm and 5mm MLC VMAT plans, except D2% (PTV35) and D98% (GTV45) were better in 2.5mm MLC plans (p
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88875_9a8e0fbd19685c8db7a271b63221c952.pdf
VMAT
MLC
prostate
SIB
SBRT
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3825
3829
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3825
88883
Prevalence of Atrophic Gastritis in Kazakhstan and the Accuracy of Pepsinogen Tests to Detect Gastric Mucosal Atrophy
Linda Mezmale
mezmale.l@gmail.com
1
Sergejs Isajevs
sergejs.isajevs@lu.lv
2
Inga Bogdanova
bogdanova-inga@inbox.lv
3
Inese Polaka
inese.polaka@lu.lv
4
Anna Krigere
anna.krigere@gmail.com
5
Dace Rudzite
dacerudzite2008@inbox.lv
6
Aiga Rudule
aigarudule@inbox.lv
7
Ilze Kikuste
ikikuste@gmail.com
8
Sergei Parshutin
sergejs.parsutins@lu.lv
9
Altynbek Tazhedinov
altynbek261173@gmail.com
10
Dmitry Mushinskiy
mushinskii_dmitrii@mail.ru
11
Darkhan Sametayev
sametaev78@mail.ru
12
Tatyana Belikhina
tatyan-ivanovn@yandex.ru
13
Nurbek Igissinov
n.igissinov@gmail.com
14
Jin Young Park
parkjy@iarc.fr
15
Rolando Herrero
herreror@iarc.fr
16
Marcis Leja
marcis.leja@lu.lv
17
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Regional Diagnostic Centre, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Central City Clinical Hospital, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Semey Regional Oncology Centre, Semey, Kazakhstan.
Semey Regional Oncology Centre, Semey, Kazakhstan.
Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Prevention and Implementation Group, Section of Early Detection and Prevention, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Prevention and Implementation Group, Section of Early Detection and Prevention, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.
Background: Atrophic gastritis is considered precursor condition for gastric cancer. There is so far limited evidence on the performance of pepsinogens for atrophy detection in Central Asia. The aim of our study was to detect the prevalence of atrophic gastritis in the asymptomatic adult population in Kazakhstan as well as address the accuracy of pepsinogen testing in atrophy detection. Methods: Healthy individuals aged 40-64 were included. Upper endoscopy and pepsinogens (PG) evaluation were performed. PG were analysed in plasma by latex agglutination. Cut off values were used to define decreased PG values (PGR ≤ 3 and PG I ≤ 70 ng/mL); severely decreased PG values (PGR ≤ 2 and PG I ≤ 30 ng/mL). Biopsies were analyzed and obtained according to the updated Sydney System. PG test sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy were assessed using the histological diagnosis as the “gold standard”. Results: Altogether 157 individuals - female 40,1% and male 59,9% were included. Histologically, moderate to severe corpus atrophy, was present only in 1,3% cases. From all study subjects, 26,8% had decreased plasma PG values with cut-off values PGR ≤ 3 and PG I ≤ 70 ng/mL. The sensitivity of the PG test with this cut-off values was 50,0%, specificity 73,5%, overall accuracy 73,2% for detection of moderate to severe atrophy in the corpus. The sensitivity of PG test with cut-off values PGR ≤ 2 and PG I ≤30 ng/mL was 50,0%, specificity 90,9% and overall accuracy 90,4%. Conclusions: The prevalence of gastric mucosal atrophy was low in the Kazakh population. Serological PG test screening nevertheless can play an important role in the diagnosis of gastric precancerous lesions. However, the diagnostic accuracy of the PG test is mainly dependent on the cut-off values for positive results.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88883_3f111aed807fa3291ba688e361051d2f.pdf
pepsinogens
atrophy
atrophic
Gastritis
Screening
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3831
3837
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3831
88871
Investigating Relationship between Pre- and Post- Chemotherapy Cognitive Performance with Levels of Depression and Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Mohammadreza Hormozi
kanregeli@gmail.com
1
Seyed-Mehdi Hashemi
amirasjajs@gmail.com
2
Sara Shahraki
ravan_speak1@yahoo.com
3
Department of Psychiatry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Clinical Immunology Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology Ward, Ali-Ebne-Abitalelb Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
GP, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Introduction: Evidence suggests that cancer and chemotherapy-related cognitive impairments are an important clinical issue that can have a negative impact on the quality of life (QOL) of many cancer patients during and after treatment. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive performance before and after chemotherapy with levels of depression and anxiety in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 100 women with breast cancer in south of Iran. Patients included in the study were evaluated for cognitive performance before chemotherapy and 1, 3, and 6 months after chemotherapy. Patients’ cognitive performance was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Patients were also assessed for their level of anxiety and depression using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Descriptive tests (percentage, frequency and mean) and ANOVA test used for statistical analysis. Results: Results of ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the cognitive performance of patients with breast cancer at 1, 3, and 6 months after chemotherapy compared to pre- chemotherapy phase. The above test also revealed a significant relationship between cognitive performance of patients and anxiety and depression. Conclusion: The results showed that, due to the decrease in cognitive performance and increased anxiety and depression after initiation of chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer, it is necessary to closely monitor the mental and psychological status of these patients by their family and the treatment staffs so that the patient be able to cope with the disease more optimally and to recover.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88871_91badc4b06e9fa45cc1dc5b66417e7f7.pdf
Breast Neoplasms
Chemotherapy
Cognitive Dysfunction
cross-sectional studies
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3839
3842
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3839
88872
Association of CYP1A1 rs1048943 Polymorphism with Prostate Cancer in Iraqi Men Patients
Wisam H Hoidy
wisam.hoidy@qu.edu.iq
1
Ferdous A Jaber
fredous.alturahy@qu.edu.iq
2
Mohammed A Al-Askari
bio.mohammed@gmail.com
3
Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah City, Iraq.
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah City, Iraq.
Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah City, Iraq.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CYP1A1 gene rs1048943 polymorphism and the risk of Iraqi men with prostate cancer. Methods: In this research, we conducted a population-based approach that intersects high-throughput genotype information from different population of Iraq to estimate the frequency of genotypes associated with prostate cancer responsivenessOur study included a total of 100 patients and 150 healthy controls. rs1048943 genotyping has been investigated in Iraqi men in connection with prostate cancer. Results: We observed that individuals with the rs1048943 GA genotype had an increased risk of prostate cancer relative to those with the AA genotype ( OR 95% CI of 0.449 :95%CI 0.23-0.90; P = 0.002). We found in the dominant model that the rs1048943 GA and GG genotype displayed an increased risk of prostate cancer relative to the AA genotype ( OR 95% CI of 0.680 :95%CI 0.4-1.17; P = 0.018). Conclusion: Polymorphism RS 1048943 in the CYP1A1 gene is associated with the risk of developing prostate cancer and is possibly one of the most significant factors in its development.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88872_706d8d527ab4cd5dc6ad5ef6c7b8ede3.pdf
Prostate Cancer
CYP1A1
rs1048943
Genotype
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3843
3847
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3843
88873
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Based on Cervical Cytology Specimen
Soracha Sangpichai
sasha@kkumail.com
1
Natcha Patarapadungkit
nuapat@kku.ac.th
2
Chamsai Pientong
chapie@kku.ac.th
3
Tipaya Ekalaksananan
tipeka@kku.ac.th
4
Surachat Chaiwiriyakul
cusurac@kku.ac.th
5
Ratchaneekorn Thongbor
ratcth@kku.ac.th
6
Phannatorn Sirivech
phannatornso@kku.ac.th
7
Porntip Jangsiriwitayakorn
prangmeme@gmail.com
8
Tippawan Triamwittayanon
tiptri@kku.ac.th
9
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Objective: High-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) was associated with the development of cervical cancer. Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) infection is the most common bacterial, sexually-transmitted infection. This study aimed to investigate the association of C. trachomatis in positive HR HPV and the cytological results from liquid-based cytology (LBC). Methods: 150 residual LBC specimens were collected; all of which had undergone cytology and HPV testing by Cobas. The samples were established as C. trachomatis using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) with Cryptic F/Cryptic R primers. Results: Of 150 positive HPV findings, the most common (72.7%, 109/150) were the 12 other HR HPVs (viz., 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68). The cervical cytology of those positive HR HPVs were mostly negative (70.0%, 105/150). The C. trachomatis infections in positive HR HPV were 16% (24/150) HPV. The analysis of the abnormal cytology revealed that 41.6% had C. trachomatis co-infection (C. trachomatis and HPV infection) viz., LSIL (20.8%), HSIL (12.5%), and ASC-US (8.3%). A comparison with positive HPV without C. trachomatis co-infection revealed that the highest prevalence was for LSIL, ASC-US, and HSIL (11.1%, 10.3%, and 6.4%, respectively). There was no difference between the abnormalities and negative cervical cytology with negative and positive C. trachomatis co-infection in HR HPV positive (p = 0.174). Conclusion: C. trachomatis infection was not significantly associated HR-HPV and abnormal cytology. This study confirms the increasing rate of C. trachomatis infection in asymptomatic women so routine screening for these infections has been suggested to (a) prevent complications such as the chronic pelvic pain associated with prolong infection and (b) reduce sexual transmission of the infection.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88873_22349383121be5a6b621084d5529bcb4.pdf
Chlamydia trachomatis
human papillomavirus
Cytology
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2019-12-01
20
12
3849
3853
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.12.3849
88878
Anlotinib Combined with S-1 in the Third-Line Treatment of Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Study Protocol for Phase II Clinical Trial
Xiyue Yang
yxy.liu@qq.com
1
Miao Xiang
xiangmiao911@163.com
2
Lidan Geng
979018189@qq.com
3
Yixue Wen
yiqin5845201314@qq.com
4
Xiaobo Du
duxiaobo2005@126.com
5
Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mian Yang, China.
Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mian Yang, China.
Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mian Yang, China.
Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mian Yang, China.
Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mian Yang, China.
Background: A proportion of patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is predicted to receive third-line treatment. However, currently no standard third-line treatment for NSCLC is available. Anlotinib is an oral, multi-targeted tyrosine kinase (TK) receptor inhibitor, which was approved as a third-line treatment for stage IV NSCLC in China on May 9, 2018. Nevertheless, The objective response rate of patients treated with anlotinib was merely 9.2% and the overall survival was only 3 months compared with the patients treated with placebo. Previous studies have shown that cancer treatment with a combination of chemotherapy with TK receptor inhibitors is effective and safe well tolerated. Therefore, the combination of anlotinib with other chemotherapeutic agents may be an effective treatment strategy for patients with stage IV NSCLC. Oral S-1 is a third-generation fluorouracil derivative; it showed good efficacy and caused relatively low toxicity in patients with NSCLC. Methods: The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with S-1 as the third-line treatment for patients with stage IV NSCLC. This is a prospective, phase II clinical trial. We will enroll29 patients with stage IV NSCLC treated with anlotinib plus S-1. Tumors will be assessed using computed tomography prior to treatment, after two, four, and six cycles of treatment, and during follow-up every 3 months until disease progression or death. The primary endpoint is the objective response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints are progression-free survival, duration of response, proportion of disease control, and safety. Discussion: The expected outcome of this study is that anlotinib combined with S-1 has tolerable toxicity and better ORR than anlotinibmonotherapy. The results may indicate additional treatment options for patients with stage IV NSCLC.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88878_4b4350a3173199ce98ffd8347be2e701.pdf
Anlotinib
S-1, Third-line treatment
non-small cell lung cancer