eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4145
4146
31049
APJCP Loss of SCI Expanded Listing and the Future of the Journal
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31049_c2b78771cf3bbef080279f43e9f39a82.pdf
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4147
4156
31050
Current Drugs and Drug Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Limitations and Opportunities
Lung cancer is a serious health problem and leading cause of death worldwide due to its high incidenceand mortality. More than 80% of lung cancers feature a non-small cell histology. Over few decades, systemicchemotherapy and surgery are the only treatment options in this type of tumor but due to their limited efficacyand overall poor survival of patients, there is an urge to develop newer therapeutic strategies which circumventthe problems. Enhanced knowledge of translational science and molecular biology have revealed that lung tumorscarry diverse driver gene mutations and adopt different intracellular pathways leading to carcinogenesis. Hence,the development of targeted agents against molecular subgroups harboring critical mutations is an attractiveapproach for therapeutic treatment. Targeted therapies are clearly more preferred nowadays over systemictherapies because they target tumor specific molecules resulting with enhanced activity and reduced toxicityto normal tissues. Thus, this review encompasses comprehensive updates on targeted therapies for the drivermutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the potential challenges of acquired drug resistance facedi n the field of targeted therapy along with the imminent newer treatment modalities against lung cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31050_c1b0979704b496056511a323822911f0.pdf
Lung cancer
driver mutation
Translocation
drug target
targeted therapy
Acquired resistance
NSCLC
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4157
4160
31059
Novel Directions in Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Early Stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Treatment of early stage ovarian cancer remains controversial despite advances in chemotherapeutic options.Over the past 30 years, molecular and clinicopathologic studies accelerated and treatment of ovarian cancer hasundoubtedly improved although there is a debate as to whether this impacts outcome or not. More recently, theintroduction of targeted therapy started a new era. Probably it is because early stage disease comprises a smallportion of the epithelial ovarian cancer, studies have mostly ignored this group and still there is no clear consensusregarding systemic treatment of early-stage lesions. However this group of patients has the best chance of cure.In this review, we focus on current developments in the treatment of early stage ovarian cancer and query theoptions.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31059_54bba10c38b08a16115d47edc0fddb7e.pdf
Adjuvant chemotherapy
cytoreductive surgery
early stage ovarian cancer
treatment
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4161
4168
31060
Obesity and Obese-related Chronic Low-grade Inflammation in Promotion of Colorectal Cancer Development
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide health problem, being the third most commonly detected cancerin males and the second in females. Rising CRC incidence trends are mainly regarded as a part of the rapid‘Westernization’ of life-style and are associated with calorically excessive high-fat/low-fibre diet, consumptionof refined products, lack of physical activity, and obesity. Most recent epidemiological and clinical investigationshave consistently evidenced a significant relationship between obesity-driven inflammation in particular stepsof colorectal cancer development, including initiation, promotion, progression, and metastasis. Inflammation inobesity occurs by several mechanisms. Roles of imbalanced metabolism (MetS), distinct immune cells, cytokines,and other immune mediators have been suggested in the inflammatory processes. Critical mechanisms areaccounted to proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Thesemolecules are secreted by macrophages and are considered as major agents in the transition between acute andchronic inflammation and inflammation-related CRC. The second factor promoting the CRC development inobese individuals is altered adipokine concentrations (leptin and adiponectin). The role of leptin and adiponectinin cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis is attributable to the activation of several signal transductionpathways (JAK/STAT, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), mTOR,and 5’AMPK signaling pathways) and multiple dysregulation (COX-2 downregulation, mRNA expression).
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31060_5e679374cefc860a31516ca03cfde8fe.pdf
Obesity
colorectal cancer
Inflammation
Body mass index
interleukin
Adiponectin
leptin
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4169
4172
31061
Hesa-A Improves Clinical Outcome of Oral Carcinoma by Affecting p53 Gene Expression in vivo
Background: Oral carcinoma (OC) remains as one of the most difficult malignancies to cure. Hesa-A is anIranian herbal-marine compound that has shown promising anti-tumor properties on various human cancercells, although the mechanisms of action remain to be addressed. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectof two doses of Hesa-A on mRNA expression of p53 as a main prognosticator of OC. Materials and Methods:60 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 12 animals each. Rats in carcinoma groups received 0, 250 and500 mg/kg body weight of Hesa-A three times a day. The two other groups considered as treated and untreatedhealthy groups. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and tongue tissues subjected to H and Estaining and real time PCR. Results: Our results indicated that compared to healthy group, p53 over expressed ~40% in untreated carcinoma group. After treatment with 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg body weights of Hesa-A , p53level dropped by 53.4% and 13.6 %, respectively, compared to untreated carcinoma group (p<0.05, p<0.0001).Moreover, there was a significant relation between p53 mRNA content and observed pathological changes instudied groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: These data provide insights into the mechanism(s) by which Hesa-Aimproves clinical outcome of oral carcinoma by modulation of p53 expression.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31061_66a41d6fc834ca51d18e00e32ab08d90.pdf
HESA-A
oral carcinoma
p53 expression
clinical outcome
rat model
oral doses
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4173
4176
31062
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Infection by Opisthorchis viverrini in an Urban Area of Mahasarakham Province, Northeast Thailand
The aim of this cross-sectional analytic study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors forOpisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection in an urban area of Northeastern Thailand. The participants were 254household representatives aged 15 years or older living in the most urbanised part of Chiang Yuen municipalityin Mahasarakham Province. All participants provided stool samples which were examined using the modifiedKato-Katz procedure, and a structured interview questionnaire was used to collection demographic information,knowledge about OV infection, and the consumption of unsafely prepared freshwater fish. The data wereanalyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The overall prevalence of OV infection was 15.0%,and in the multivariate analysis male gender was found to be significantly and positively associated with OVinfection (ORadj=9.75, 95%CI: 34.03-23.58) while education to secondary school level or above was a significantprotective factor (ORadj=0.30, 95%CI: 0.12-0.74). The eating of unsafely prepared fish and knowledge aboutOV were not significantly related to infection status. The findings were discussed in terms of issues for futureresearch, especially the need to consider the possibility of higher rates of OV infection in urban areas than mightbe expected and to investigate the sources of infected fish products which may well be different from those inrural villages.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31062_24f569d3d9dfa1b1ad1bb4e20844c625.pdf
Opisthorchis viverrini
prevalence-risk factors-Thailand
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4177
4183
31063
Aberrant Expression of Markers of Cancer Stem Cells in Gastric Adenocarcinoma and their Relationship to Vasculogenic Mimicry
Background: Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Asia, and the majoritytype is gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Most GAC patients die of recurrence and metastasis. Cancer stem cells(CSCs) have been thought to be responsible for the initiation, development, metastasis, and ultimately recurrenceof cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate expression and clinical significance of CSCs markers, CD133 andLgr5, and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in primary GAC. Materials and Methods: Specimens from 261 Chinesepatients with follow-up were analyzed for CD133, Lgr5 protein expression and VM by immunohistochemicaland histochemical staining. The Pearson Chi’s square test was used to assess the associations among the positivestaining of these markers and clinicopathological characteristics. Postoperative overall survival time was werestudied by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: In GAC tissues, positive rates of 49.0%, 38.7%, and26.8% were obtained for CD133, Lgr5, and VM, respectively. The mean score of microvessel density (MVD)was 21.7±11.1 in GAC tissues. There was a significantly difference between the positive and negative groups.There was a positive relationship between the VM, the expression of CD133 and Lgr5, and the score of MVDand the grades of tumor, lymph node metastasis, TNM stages (all p<0.05). The overall mean survival time ofthe patients with CD133, Lgr5, VM, and MVD (≥22) positive expression was lower than that of patients withnegative expression. The score of MVD, positive expression of CD133 and VM were independent prognosticfactors of GAC (p<0.05). Conclusions: VM, and expression of CD133, Lgr5, and the score of MVD are relatedto grades of tumor, lymph node metastasis, TNM stages, and overall mean survival time. It is suggested thatCSCs and VM could play an important role in the evolution of GAC.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31063_bdcae39cc877fe5c3383174dba6eeee9.pdf
Gastric neoplasm
CD133
Lgr5
VM
MVD
CSCs
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4185
4192
31064
Dietary Resistant Starch Contained Foods and Breast Cancer Risk: a Case-Control Study in Northwest of Iran
Background: A protective effect of resistant starch (RS) containing foods on carcinogenesis has been shownfrom several lines of experimental evidence for gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, we aimed to investigatethe association between RS contained foods and breast cancer (BC) risk in a hospital-based, age- and originmatched,case-control study. Materials and Methods: A validated, semi-quantitative, food frequency questionnaire(FFQ) was completed by 306 women newly diagnosed with BC aged 25 to 65 years, and 309 healthy women asmatched controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using conditionallogistic regression models. Results: Reduced BC risk was associated with the highest tertile of whole-wheatbread and boiled potato consumption with adjusted ORs at 0.34 (95%CI: 0.19-0.59) and 0.61 (95%CI: 0.37-0.99), respectively. Among consumers of whole-wheat bread consumers were considered, the protective role ofcereals remained relatively apparent at higher intakes level of fiber rich breads at adjusted models (OR=0.53,95%CI: 0.28-1.01). Moreover, high intake of legumes was found out to be a significant protective dietary factoragainst risk of BC development with an OR of 0.01 (95%CI: 0.03-0.13). However, consumption of white breadand biscuits was positively related to BC risk. Conclusions: Our results show that certain RS containing foods,in particular whole wheat bread, legumes and boiled potato may reduce BC risk, whereas higher intake of whitebread and biscuits may be related to increased BC risk.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31064_521d941c4a3f5fc380cd6513b9bfaf89.pdf
breast cancer
Prebiotics
Fiber
resistant starch
whole grains
refined grains
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4193
4198
31065
Paediatric Retinoblastoma in India: Evidence from the National Cancer Registry Programme
Background: Globally, retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy occurring inchildren. This paper documents the recent incidence rates of retinoblastoma by age and sex groups from thePopulation Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) of Bangalore, Mumbai, Chennai, Delhi and Kolkata using thedata from the National Cancer Registry Programme. Materials and Methods: Relative proportions, sex ratio,method of diagnosis, and incidence rates (crude and age standardized) for each PBCR and pooled rates of thefive PBCRs were calculated for the years 2005/06 to 2009/10. Standard errors and 95% confidence limits ofASIRs by sex group in each PBCR were calculated using the Poisson distribution. Standardised rate ratios ofASIR by sex group and rate ratios at risk were also calculated. Results: The maximum retinoblastoma caseswere in the 0-4 age group, accounting for 78% (females) and 81% (males) of pooled cases from five PBCRs. Thepooled crude incidence rate in the 0-14 age group was 3.5 and the pooled ASIR was 4.4 per million. The pooledASIR in the 0-4, 5-9 and 10-14 age group were 9.6, 2.0 and 0.1 respectively. The M/F ratio in Chennai (1.9) andBangalore PBCRs (2.0) was much higher than the other PBCRs. Among the PBCRs, the highest incidence ratein 0-4 age group was found in males in Chennai (21.7 per million), and females in Kolkata (18.9 per million).There was a distinct variation in incidence rates in the PBCRs in different geographic regions of India.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31065_3c72a539156208ec251cbaf0143316a3.pdf
Retinoblastoma-population based cancer registry-incidence rate
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4199
4202
31066
Preventive Effects of a Major Component of Green Tea, Epigallocathechin-3-Gallate, on Hepatitis-B Virus DNA Replication
Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the major world health problems. Epigallocatechin-3 gallateis the major component of the polyphenolic fraction of green tea and it has an anti-viral, anti-mutagenic, antitumorigenic,anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, and/or pro-apoptotic effects on mammalian cells. In this study,our aim was to investigate the inhibition of HBV replication by epigallocatechin-3 gallate in the Hep3B2.1-7hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Materials and Methods: HBV-replicating Hep3B2.1-7 cells were used toinvestigate the preventive effects of epigallocatechin-3 gallate on HBV DNA replication. The expression levels ofHBsAg and HBeAg were determined using ELISA. Quantitative real-time-PCR was applied for the determinationof the expression level of HBV DNA. Results: Cytotoxicity of epigallocathechin-3-gallate was not observed inthe hepatic carcinoma cell line when the dose was lower than 100 μM. The ELISA method demonstrated thatepigallocatechin-3 gallate have strong effects on HBsAg and HBeAg levels. Also it was detected by real-timePCR that epigallocatechin-3 gallate could prevent HBV DNA replication. Conclusions: The obtained datapointed out that although the exact mechanism of HBV DNA replication and related diseases remains unclear,epigallocatechin-3 gallate has a potential as an effective anti-HBV agent with low toxicity.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31066_af754bcb112231ac0207ccc5a6820ea2.pdf
Hepatitis B
Hepatocellular carcinoma
EGCG
Green tea
in-vitro
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4203
4209
31067
Macrophage-secreted Exosomes Delivering miRNA-21 Inhibitor can Regulate BGC-823 Cell Proliferation
Exosomes, membranous nanovesicles, naturally carry bio-macromolecules or miRNA and play impoetantroles in tumor pathogenesis. Here, we showed that macrophages cell-derived exosomes can function as vehiclesto deliver exogenous miR-21 inhibitor into BGC-823 gastric cancer cells. Exosomes loaded with miR-21inhibitorsignificantly increased miR-21 levels in BGC-823, but miR-21inhibitor loaded in exosomes exerted an oppositeeffect. miRNA transfected with exosomes had less cellular toxicity to host cells compared to conventionaltransfection methods. The miR-21inhibitor loaded exosomes promoted the migration ability and reducedapoptosis of BGC-823 gastric cancer cells. These observations indicate that miR-21 acts as a tumor promoterby targeting the PDCD4 gene and preventing apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through inhibition of PDCD4expression. Furthermore, exosome -mediated miR-21 inhibitor delivery resulted in functionally more efficientinhibition and less cellular toxicity compared to conventional transfection methods. Similar approaches could beuseful in modification of target biomolecules in vitro and in vivo. These findings contribute to our understandingof the functions of miR-21 and exosomes as a carrier for therapy of gastric cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31067_4df3be502a61a11b5a5df8f124935772.pdf
exosomes
Gastric cancer
miR-21
Macrophages
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4211
4214
31068
Prophylactic Level VII Nodal Dissection as a Prognostic Factor in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: a Pilot Study of 27 Patients
Background: Prognostic value of prophylactic level VII nodal dissection in papillary thyroid carcinomahas been highlighted. Materials and Methods: A total of 27 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma with N0neck underwent total thyroidectomy with level VI and VII nodal dissection through same collar neck incision.Multicentricity, bilaterality, extrathyroidal extension, level VI and VII lymph nodes were studied as separateand independent prognostic factors for DFS at 24 months. Results: 21 females and 6 males with a mean ageof 34.6 years old, tumor size was 5-24 mm. (mean 12.4 mm.), multicentricity in 11 patients 2-4 foci (mean 2.7),bilaterality in 8 patients and extrathyroidal extension in 8 patients. Dissected level VI LNs 2-8 (mean 5 LNs) andlevel VII LNs 1-4 (mean 1.9). Metastatic level VI LNs 0-3 (mean 1) and level VII LNs 0-2 (mean 0.5). Follow-upfrom 6-51 months (mean 25.6) with 7 patients showed recurrence (3 local and 4 distant). Cumulative DFS at24 months was 87.8% and was significantly affected in relation to bilaterality (p-value <0.001), extrathyroidalextension (p-value <0.001), level VI positive ((p-value <0.001) and level VII positive ((p-value <0.001) LNs. Norecurrences were detected during the follow-up period in the absence of level VI and level VII nodal involvement.Conclusions: Level VII prophylactic nodal dissection is an important and integral prognostic factor in papillarythyroid carcinoma. A larger multicenter study is crucial to reach a satisfactory conclusion about the necessityand safety of this approach.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31068_9fc3bc059f53fa4550f165e5e99eed3e.pdf
Level VII
central nodal dissection
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4215
4218
31069
Evaluation of Insulin Like Growth Facror-1 Genetic Polymorphism with Gastric Cancer Susceptibility and Clinicopathological Features
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. It is the first cause of cancerdeaths in both sexes In Iranian population. Circulating insulin-like growth factor-one (IGF-1) levels have beenassociated for gastric cancer. IGF-1 protein has central roles involved in the regulation of epithelial cell growth,proliferation, transformation, apoptosis and metastasis. Single nucleotide polymorphism in IGF-1 regulatoryelements may lead to alter in IGF-1expression level and GC susceptibility. The aim of this study was to investigatethe influence of IGF-1 gene polymorphism (rs5742612) on risk of GC and clinicopathological features for thefirst time in Iranian population. In total, 241 subjects including 100 patients with GC and 141 healthy controlswere recruited in our study. Genotypes were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragmentlength polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay with DNA from peripheral blood. The polymorphism was statisticallyanalyzed to investigate the relationship with the risk of GC and clinicopathological properties. Logistic regressionanalysis revealed that there was no significant association between rs5742612 and the risk of GC. In addition,no significant association between genotypes and clinicopathological features was observed (p value>0.05). Thefrequencies of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 97%, 3%, and 0%, respectively, among the cases, and 97.9%,2.1%, and 0%, respectively, among the controls. CC genotype was more frequent in cases and controls. Thefrequencies of C and T alleles were 98.9% and 1.1% in controls and 98.5% and 1.5% in patient respectively.Our results provide the first evidence that this variant is rare in Iranian population and it may not be a powerfulgenetic predisposing biomarker for prediction GC clinicopathological features in an Iranian population.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31069_0b64cc588964d8df147e4846579c8bf0.pdf
Gastric cancer
Genetic polymorphism
IGF-I
clinicopathological features
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4219
4222
31070
Effect of Hydronephrosis on Survival in Advanced Stage Cervical Cancer
Background: Hydronephrosis is frequently encountered in advanced stage cervical cancers, and may beassociated with mortality. In the present study, we aimed to demonstrate the effect of hydronephrosis on survivalin patients with inoperable advanced stage cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: The study data were acquiredby retrospective analysis of the patient records belonging to 165 women with FIGO (International Federation ofGynecology and Obstetrics) stage-IIIB or more advanced cervical cancer, which were not surgical candidates.Parameters including patient age, pathological diagnosis, disease stage, pelvic sidewall extension, presence ofhydronephrosis and administration of chemoradiation were analyzed. Further, the effects of these variables onsurvival were assessed. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The distributionof the study patients according to disease stage was as follows: 131 (79.4%) had stage-IIIB, 18 (10.9%) hadstage-IVB and 16 (% 9.7) patients had stage-IVA disease. Hydronephrosis was not evident in 91 (55.2%) ofthese patients, whereas 41 (24.8%) had unilateral and 33 (20%) patients had bilateral hydronephrosis. Whencompared to mean survival in patients who did not have hydronephrosis, survival was significantly shortened inpatients who had bilateral and unilateral hydronephrosis (p < 0.05). There was no significant survival differencebetween patients with unilateral and bilateral hydronephrosis (p>0.05). Although patient age, pathological type,pelvic involvement, and chemotherapy treatment rates were similar (p>0.05), radiotherapy requirement rate anddisease stage were significantly different among the study groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: Hydronephrosis wasfound to be a significant predictor of poor survival in patients with advanced stage cervical cancer, irrespectiveof unilateral or bilateral involvement.While waiting for future studies with larger sample sizes, we believe thatthe FIGO stages in advanced cervical cancer could further be stratified into subgroups according to presenceor absence of hydronephrosis.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31070_5bba79568b7690abb52a105f0e3f171e.pdf
cervical cancer
hydronephrosis
stage
survival
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4223
4228
31071
Performance of the R-way Colposcopic Evaluation System in Cervical Cancer Screening
Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of the R-way colposcopic evaluation system (R-way system)in cervical cancer screening. Materials and Methods: Between August 2013 and August 2014, a total of 1,059cases referred to colposcopy in Peking University First Hospital were studied using both the R-way system andconventional colposcopy. Our study evaluated and compared the diagnostic ability of the two methods in detectinghigh-grade lesions and cervical cancer (hereinafter called CIN2+). Evaluation indicators including sensitivity,specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), Youden index and the area underthe curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were calculated. Results: The R-way systemhad a slightly lower specificity (94.5%) than conventional colposcopy (96.0%) for CIN2+ detection (P=0.181).However, the sensitivity (77.8%) was significantly higher than with the conventional colposcopic method (46.6%)(χ2=64.351, P<0.001). In addition, the AUC of the ROC for CIN2+ detection using the R-way system (0.839) waslarger than that with conventional colposcopy (0.731) (Z=4.348, P<0.001). If preliminary result had been drawnfrom cervical exfoliated cytology before colposcopy referral, combination of the R-way system with cytology couldincrease the sensitivity to 93.9% for CIN2+ detection (excluding ASCUS\LSIL), confirmed by multipoint biopsyor ECC. Conclusions: The diagnostic value of the R-way evaluation system is higher than that of conventionalcolposcopic evaluation in cervical cancer screening. Moreover, taking the ease of use and standardized qualitycontrol management into account, the R-way system is highly preferable.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31071_0c63dc838e0f1204939a50581e8f8f5a.pdf
R-way colposcopic evaluation system
conventional colposcopic examination
cervical cancer screening
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4229
4235
31072
Assessment of Jordanian Patient’s Colorectal Cancer Awareness and Preferences towards CRC Screening: Are Jordanians Ready to Embrace CRC Screening?
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC is increasingly becoming a major cause of cancer morbidity andmortality in Jordan. However the population’s level of awareness about CRC, CRC screening test preferencesand willingness to embrace screening are not known. The aim of this study was to assess the level of CRCawareness and screening preferences among Jordanian patients. Materials and Methods: A survey assessing theCRC knowledge levels was distributed among patients attending outpatient gastroenterology clinics in publichospitals throughout Jordan. A total of 800 surveys were distributed and of these 713 (89.1%) were returned.Results: Only 22% of the participants correctly judged CRC among the choices provided as the commonestcause of cancer related deaths. The majority of participants (68.3%) underestimated their risk for CRC. Only26.8% correctly judged their life time risk while 5% overestimated their risk. Two thirds of participants (66%)were willing to pay 500 Jordanian Dinars (equivalent to 706 US$) in order to get a prompt colonoscopy ifrecommended by their physician, while 25.5% reported that they would rather wait for 6 months in order to get afree colonoscopy. Conclusions: Although the participants tended to underestimate their risk for CRC, they weremostly aware of CRC as a major cause of mortality and were willing to embrace the concept of CRC screeningand bear the related financial costs. These findings about CRC awareness and propensity for screening providea good foundation as the Jordanian health system moves forward with initiatives to promote CRC screeningand prevention.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31072_c5dea001283f50f5b70b230e39f0edbd.pdf
colorectal cancer
cancer screening
colonoscopy
Knowledge
Jordanian
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4237
4245
31073
Breast Cancer Statistics and Prediction Methodology: A Systematic Review and Analysis
Breast cancer is a menacing cancer, primarily affecting women. Continuous research is going on for detectingbreast cancer in the early stage as the possibility of cure in early stages is bright. There are two main objectivesof this current study, first establish statistics for breast cancer and second to find methodologies which can behelpful in the early stage detection of the breast cancer based on previous studies. The breast cancer statistics forincidence and mortality of the UK, US, India and Egypt were considered for this study. The finding of this studyproved that the overall mortality rates of the UK and US have been improved because of awareness, improvedmedical technology and screening, but in case of India and Egypt the condition is less positive because of lackof awareness. The methodological findings of this study suggest a combined framework based on data miningand evolutionary algorithms. It provides a strong bridge in improving the classification and detection accuracyof breast cancer data.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31073_4ac28ea9398b1d19335b6f44a0e79afd.pdf
breast cancer
incidence and mortality
Prevalence
Data mining
evolutionary algorithms
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4247
4250
31074
Predicting Lympho-Vascular Space Invasion in Endometrial Cancers with Mucinous Carcinomatous Components
Objective: To determine the predictors of lympho-vascular space invasion (LVSI) in endometrial cancerswhich contain mucinous carcinomatous histology. Materials and Methods: Clinical and histopathological dataof endometrial carcinomas with a mucinous carcinomatous component diagnosed between January 2007 andJanuary 2014 at the Gynecologic Oncology Department of Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education andResearch Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Twelve patients (25.5%) were positive for LVSI and 35(74.5%) patients were negative. Patients with LVSI were mostly staged higher than 1A. Mean age, BMI and paritywere not significantly different between patient groups. Larger tumor diameter (≥2cm) (p=0.04) and elevatedCa125 and Ca-19.9 (p=0.01) levels were significant for predicting LVSI. We also found >1/2 myometrial invasion(p<0.001), cervical stromal involvement (p=0.002) and higher grade (2-3) (p=0.001) significant for predictingLVSI. In multivariate analysis we found only grade significant for predicting LVSI. Conclusions: Especiallygrade of tumor is a crucial factor for determining LVSI in endometrial cancers with mucinous carcinomatouscomponents.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31074_7a1fa278626b994a712c9dc840bb112e.pdf
Endometrial
Carcinoma
mucinous
Grade
LVSI
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4251
4256
31075
Identification of Specific Gene Modules in Mouse Lung Tissue Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Background: Exposure to cigarette may affect human health and increase risk of a wide range of diseasesincluding pulmonary diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, lung fibrosis andlung cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis induced by cigarettes still remain obscure evenwith extensive studies. With systemic view, we attempted to identify the specific gene modules that might relateto injury caused by cigarette smoke and identify hub genes for potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers fromspecific gene modules. Materials and Methods: The dataset GSE18344 was downloaded from the Gene ExpressionOmnibus (GEO) and divided into mouse cigarette smoke exposure and control groups. Subsequently, weightedgene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to construct a gene co-expression network for eachgroup and detected specific gene modules of cigarette smoke exposure by comparison. Results: A total of tenspecific gene modules were identified only in the cigarette smoke exposure group but not in the control group.Seven hub genes were identified as well, including Fip1l1, Anp32a, Acsl4, Evl, Sdc1, Arap3 and Cd52. Conclusions:Specific gene modules may provide better understanding of molecular mechanisms, and hub genes are potentialcandidates of therapeutic targets that may possible improve development of novel treatment approaches.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31075_5573b9df0b94dbc071126cb6ea218e58.pdf
cigarette exposure
pulmonary
WGCNA
gene modules
hub gene
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4257
4260
31076
Lympho-Vascular Space Invasion Indicates Advanced Disease for Uterine Papillary Serous Tumors Arising from Polyps
Background: Uterine papillary serous tumors are rarely seen and behave aggressively. Our aim was toevaluate uterine papillary serous tumors arising from polyps. Materials and Methods: Clinicopathologicaldata of patients with uterine serous cancer arising from a polyp at the Gynecological Oncology Department ofZekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Results:We analyzed patients according to FIGO 2009 staging system as stage 1A and higher than stage 1A (3 and 6,respectively). All the patients were postmenopausal. Mean CA-125, CA-19.9 and CA15.3 levels were elevatedin higher than stage 1A group. However we did not find a statistical difference between age, parity, polyp size,CA-125, CA-15.3, CA-19.9 and CEA levels. Lympho-vascular space invasion (LVSI) showed predictivity foradvanced disease (p=0.025). Conclusions: The histopathologic nature of uterine serous carcinoma is a uniqueentity. LVSI is a prognosticator for defining an advanced stage uterine papillary tumor.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31076_6cc779f2ef51f53fe77dd42828b50d6d.pdf
Uterine cancer
serous
LVSI
myometrial
Polyp
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4261
4264
31077
Anxiety and Pain in Surgically Treated Breast Cancer Patients
The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of anxiety and pain in women with breast cancer. Patientswho had been treated with modified radical mastectomy or breast conserving surgery were included. Datawere gathered using the state-trait anxiety inventory and the visual analog scale. The pain levels and analgesicconsumption of the patients were evaluated after surgery. The study sample consisted of 150 women. The meanage of the participants was 50.54±10.02. Most of the patients (58%) received breast conserving surgery. Themean state anxiety score was 44.74±11.91, and the mean trait anxiety score was 48.78±9.48 before surgery. Themean pain level on the first day following surgery was 3.26±1.91 and analgesic consumption was 2.98±1.08.There was no correlation between patient pain and anxiety levels. There was very slightly positive correlationbetween trait anxiety and total analgesic consumption. Assessing the levels of anxiety in breast cancer patientsbefore surgery may contribute to the determination of postoperative pain.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31077_11c3a99fadbdc4d1227292b98751c680.pdf
Anxiety
breast cancer
Pain
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4265
4269
31078
Eyelid Tumors: Clinical Data from an Eye Center in Ankara,Turkey
Introduction: The aim of the study was to explore the distribution of eyelid tumors in Ankara, the capitalcity of Turkey, from a histopathological point of view. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 1,502 patientswho had eyelid surgery because of tumoral lesions were retrospectively reviewed after obtaining institutionalreview board approval. A total of 1,541 lesions with histopathologic diagnosis were included. Inflammatorytumoral lesions were excluded. The lesions were categorized into three groups according to the origin: epidermal,adnexal tumors and ‘others’, including melanocytic, neural and vascular lesions. Results: Of the total of 1,541,908 lesions were epidermal in origin. Only 22 (1.5%) were malignant, and 6.0% was premalignant lesions suchas actinic keratosis and Bowen’s disease. Twenty-one of 22 malignant lesions were basal cell carcinoma. Therewas only one patient with squamous cell carcinoma and no sebaceous cell carcinoma. Among the benign tumors(92.5%), squamous papilloma was the most frequent (21.8% of all lesions). The other frequent lesions were nevus(17.6%), seborrheic keratosis (17.3%), hydrocystomas (10.6%), xanthelasma (7.6%) and epidermal cysts (7.2%).Conclusions: The results of this study are in accordance with published literature. The absence of sebaceous cellcarcinomas needs to be stressed.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31078_8b58f2261c9192c5c82e8da6cf86cbe9.pdf
Eyelid tumors
benign eyelid tumors
eyelid malignancy
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4271
4275
31079
Expression of Vimentin and Ki-67 Proteins in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and their Relationships with Clinicopathological Features
Objectives: To investigate the expression of vimentin and Ki-67 proteins in cervical squamous cell carcinoma(CSCC) and their relationships with patient clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods:Fifty-sevenCSCC samples archived in Department of Pathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou MedicalUniversity were selected. The expression of vimentin and Ki-67 proteins in CSCC tissue were detected usingimmunohistochemical SP method, and correlations between them and their relationships with clinicopathologicalfeatures were analyzed. Results: Among 57 CSCC tissues, there were 43 with positive expression of Vimentin,and the positive rate was 75.4%; there were 57 cases with positive expression of Ki-67, and the positive ratecame up to 100.0%. The results of Pearson correlation analysis displayed that the expression of vimentin had asignificantly-positive correlation with Ki-67 in CSCC tissue (r=0.984, co0.000). The expression of both Ki-67 andvimentin was intimately associated with the presence or absence of local invasion and lymph node metastasisas well as differentiated degrees of the tumor (P=0.003, 0.017, 0.000; P=0.001, 0.008, 0.003) instead of the age,tumor size and clinical staging (P>0.05). Conclusions: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) tends to appearin poorly-differentiated CSCC tissue, and the up-regulation of vimentin expression is accompanied by highexpression of Ki-67, suggesting that invasion and metastasis readily occur in these tumor cells.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31079_94a3e69cd459ab08e42f93d3d839b3f6.pdf
Cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Vimentin
Ki-66
EMT
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4277
4283
31080
Suppression of Inflammatory Responses by Black Rice Extract in RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells via Downregulation of NF-kB and AP-1 Signaling Pathways
Anthocyanin, a phenolic compound, has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect againstlipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced changes in immune cells. However, little is known about the molecularmechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory effects. Few research studies have concerned the anti-inflammationproperties of colored rice extract as a functional material. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examineanti-inflammatory effects of the polar fraction of black rice whole grain extracts (BR-WG-P) that featuresa high anthocyanin content. Our results showed that BR-WG-P significantly inhibited LPS-induced proinflammatorymediators, including production of NO and expression of iNOS and COX-2. In addition, secretionof pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6 was also significantly inhibited. Moreover, BR-WG-Pand anthocyanin inhibited NF-kB and AP-1 translocation into the nucleus. BR-WG-P also decreased thephosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK in a dose dependent manner. These results suggested that BR-WG-Pmight suppress LPS-induced inflammation via the inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway leading to decreaseof NF-kB and AP-1 translocation. All of these results indicate that BR-WG-P exhibits therapeutic potentialassociated with the anthocyanin content in the extract for treating inflammatory diseases associated with cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31080_bf39804ea6ed3110afeef0c60c718f1e.pdf
black rice
anti-inflammation
NF-KB
AP-1
Anthocyanin
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4285
4289
31081
Comparison of Effects of Hemoglobin Levels Upon Tumor Response among Cervical Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Accelerated Hyperfractionated Radiotherapy versus Cisplatin Chemoradiotherapy
Purpose: Blood hemoglobin levels are known to influence response to radiotherapy. This retrospectiveanalysis compared the effect of hemoglobin levels upon response to radiation among patients treated withradiation alone (by accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy) versus those treated with concurrent cisplatinchemoradiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Among patients treated for locally advanced carcinoma of thecervix (LACC) during 2009-10, a total of 60 fulfilled the eligibility criteria. In this time frame, external beamradiotherapy was delivered with either concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT, n=31) (45Gy over 25 fractions,with weekly cisplatin at 40mg/m2), or with accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (AHRT, n=29) (20Gyover 10 daily fractions over the first two weeks, followed by 30Gy over 20 fractions over the next two weeks,with two fractions of 1.5Gy per day, without the use of chemotherapy). Mean weekly hemoglobin (MWH) levelsof all patients were calculated as the arithmetic means of weekly recorded blood hemoglobin levels. As perMWH, patients in both of the AHRT or the CRT groups were classified into two subgroups- those with MWHbetween 10-10.9g/dL, or with MWH>11g/dL. Complete response (CR) to external beam RT phase (prior tobrachytherapy) was declared after clinical examinations and computed tomography. The CR rate was noted forboth MWH sub-groups within each of the AHRT and CRT groups. Results: Within the AHRT group, patientswith MWH>11g/dL had a much better CR rate in comparison to those with MWH:10-10.9g/dL (80% vs. 21.1%)which was statistically significant (p 0.0045). Within the CRT group, there was no significant difference in theoutcomes within the MWH>11g/dL and MWH:10-10.9g/dL sub-groups ( CR rates of 80% vs. 61.9%, p=0.4285).Conclusions: The importance of maintaining a minimum hemoglobin level of 11g/dL during RT is much greaterfor patients treated with RT alone, than for patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Enhancedhaemoglobin levels during RT may to an extent negate the ill-effects that may otherwise arise due to non-use ofconcurrent chemotherapy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31081_54b7e2bb78fdbf7c547f70be8dc5823a.pdf
Hemoglobin during radiotherapy
locally advanced cervical cancer
concurrent chemoradiotherapy
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4291
4295
31082
No Association between the CCR5Δ32 Polymorphism and Sporadic Esophageal Cancer in Punjab, North-West India
Background: Chemokines and their receptors influence carcinogenesis and cysteine-cysteine chemokinereceptor 5 (CCR5) directs spread of cancer to other tissues. A 32 base pair deletion in the coding region of CCR5that might alter the expression or function of the protein has been implicated in a variety of immune-mediateddiseases. The action of antiviral drugs being proposed as adjuvant therapy in cancer is dependent on CCR5wild type status. In the present study, distribution of CCR5Δ32 polymorphism was assessed in North Indianesophageal cancer patients to explore the potential of using chemokine receptors antagonists as adjuvant therapy.Materials and Methods: DNA samples of 175 sporadic esophageal cancer patients (69 males and 106 females)and 175 unrelated healthy control individuals (69 males and 106 females) were screened for the CCR5Δ32polymorphism by direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The frequencies of wild type homozygous(CCR5/CCR5), heterozygous (CCR5/Δ32) and homozygous mutant (Δ32/Δ32) genotypes were 96.0 vs 97.72%,4.0 vs 1.71% and 0 vs 0.57% in patients and controls respectively. There was no difference in the genotype andallele frequencies of CCR5Δ32 polymorphism in esophageal cancer patients and control group. Conclusions: TheCCR5Δ32 polymorphism is not associated with esophageal cancer in North Indians. As the majority of patientsexpress the wild type allele, there is potential of using antiviral drug therapy as adjuvant therapy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31082_6522c4bce8702f80cd0c1fb6f4fefc80.pdf
Chemokine
Esophageal Cancer
CCR5Δ32
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4297
4302
31083
Pap Smear Combined with HPV Testing: A Reasonable Tool for Women with High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Treated by LEEP
Background: To evaluate HPV testing by Hybrid Capture II (HCII) in conjunction with cytology in detectingthe residual/recurrence disease after treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II-III) withloop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 158 patientswith histologically confirmed CIN II-III who underwent LEEP between January 2011 and October 2012 wasconducted. Post-treatment control was scheduled at the 3rd, 6th, 12th and 18th month. All patients were followedup by Pap smear and HR-HPV genotype and viral load testing. Results: Pre-treatment, HR-HPV DNA, wasdetected in all specimens of the patients. At follow-up, 25 patients were diagnosed as the residual/recurrent diseaseduring the FU visit, among whom, 16 patients with positive margin: 13 patients (52%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+, 2 patients (8%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology-, 1 patient (4%) with cytology+/ HR-HPV DNA-; 9patients with clean margin – 5 patients (55.6%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+; 2 patients (22.2%) with HRHPVDNA+/cytology-, 2 patients (22.2%) with cytology+/ HR-HPV DNA-. None of them persisting HR-HPVDNA-/cytology- with positive or negative margin was identified as the residual/recurrent disease. The majorityof residual/recurrent disease was detected at the 12th and 18th month FU, and there was almost no differencein the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) between at the 3rd month and the 6th month FU visits. 14residual/recurrence disease (14/46:30.4%) had pre-treatment high viral load (>5 000 RUL/PC) and 11 (11/112,9.8%) with pre-treatment low viral load, P<0.05. Conclusions: (1) The persistence HR-HPV DNA is the rootcause of the residual/recurrent disease for the women treated for high-grade CIN; the pre-treatment viral loadand margin can be seen as the predictor. (2) The FU visit beginning at the 6th month post-treatment and lastingat least 24 months with the combination of cytology and HPV testing. (3) Patients with high pre-treatment HPVload, which is considered as one risk of developing the residual/recurrent disease, should be paid more attention(especially above 500RUL/PC) to by clinicians.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31083_9848c026aec271555020bab97e894965.pdf
The residual/recurrent disease
positive/negative margin
persistence HR-HPV DNA
Viral load
follow-up
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4303
4310
31084
Significance of Rumex Vesicarius as Anticancer Remedy Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Proposal-Based on Experimental Animal Studies
Rumex vesicarius is an edible herb distributed in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. The whole plant has significantvalue in folk medicine and it has been used to alleviate several diseases. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), themajor primary malignant tumor of the liver, is one of the most life-threatening human cancers. The goal of thecurrent study was to explore the potent role of Rumex vesicarius extract against HCC induced in rats. Thirtyadult male albino rats were divided into 3 groups: (I): Healthy animals received orally 0.9 % normal saline andserved as negative control group, (II): HCC group in which rats were orally administered N-nitrosodiethylamineNDEA, (III): HCC group treated orally with R. vesicarius extract in a dose of 400 mg/kg b.wt daily for twomonths. ALT and AST, ALP and γ-GT activities were estimated. CEA, AFP, AFU, GPC-3, Gp-73 and VEGFlevels were quantified. Histopathological examination of liver tissue sections was also carried out. The results ofthe current study showed that the treatment of the HCC group with R. vesicarius extract reversed the significantincrease in liver enzymes activity, CEA, AFP, AFU, glypican 3, golgi 73 and VEGF levels in serum as comparedto HCC-untreated counterparts. In addition, the favorable impact of R. vesicarius treatment was evidenced bythe marked improvement in the histopathological features of the liver of the treated group. In conclusion, thepresent experimental setting provided evidence for the significance of R. vesicarius as anticancer candidate with apromising anticancer potential against HCC. The powerful hepatoprotective properties, the potent antiangiogenicactivity and the effective antiproliferative capacity are responsible for the anticancer effect of this plant.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31084_8ba680bb169b02e1c4f4669fd78deb85.pdf
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Polygonaceae
R. vesicarius
Angiogenesis
Apoptosis
Rats
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4311
4316
31085
Dentatin from Clausena excavata Induces Apoptosis in HepG2 Cells via Mitochondrial Mediated Signaling
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer with high global incidence and mortality rates.Current candidate drugs to treat HCC remain lacking and those in use possess undesirable side effects. In thisinvestigation, the antiproliferative effects of dentatin (DTN), a natural coumarin, were evaluated on HepG2 cellsand DTN’s probable preliminary molecular mechanisms in apoptosis induction were further investigated. DTNsignificantly (p<0.05) suppressed proliferation of HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 12.0 μg/mL, without affectinghuman normal liver cells, WRL-68 (IC50> 50 μg/mL) causing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest via apoptosis induction.Caspase colorimetric assays showed markedly increased levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities throughoutthe treatment period. Western blotting of treated HepG2 cells revealed inhibition of NF-κB that triggers themitochondrial-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway by up-regulating cytoplasmic cytochrome c and Bax, anddown-regulating Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. The current findings suggest DTN has the potential to be developed furtheras an anticancer compound targeting human HCC.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31085_6f331af74d591dd8075e8690b478e396.pdf
Dentatin
HepG2
Apoptosis
mitochondrial-mediated signaling pathway
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4317
4321
31086
Could the Breast Prognostic Biomarker Status Change During Disease Progression? An Immunohistochemical Comparison between Primary Tumors and Synchronous Nodal Metastasis
Background: Prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer are routinely investigated in the primary tumors to guidefurther management. However, it is proposed that the expression may change during the disease progression,and may result in a different immune profile in the metastatic nodes. This work aimed to investigate theexpression of breast prognostic biomarkers in primary tumors and in its axillary nodal metastasis, to estimatethe possible discordant expression. Materials and Methods: 60 paired primary and axillary nodal metastasissamples were collected from patients with primary breast cancer with positive nodal deposits, diagnosed at theMaadi Military Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, during the year 2013. ER, PR and HER2 expression was assessed byimmunohistochemistry in all samples Results: 48.3% of the included cases showed concordant results for bothER and PR receptors between the primary tumor and its nodal metastasis while 51.7% showed discordantresults and the discordance level was statistically significant. On the other hand, 70% of the cases showedconcordant Her2 results between the primary tumors and the nodal deposits, 30% showed discordant resultsand the difference was significant. Conclusions: The study indicated that the discordance in ER and PR receptorexpression between the primary breast tumor and their nodal metastasis may be significant. The possible switchin the biomarker status during the disease progression is worth noting and may change the patient therapeuticplanning. So, whether the treatment selection should be based on biomarkers in the lymph node is a topic forfurther studies and future clinical trials.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31086_0dad1f244291a4948b41af950ce1c21f.pdf
breast cancer
axillary nodes
breast biomarkers
concordance
discordance
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4323
4328
31087
Comparison between Radiological and Invasive Diagnostic Modalities in Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cause of deaths of cancer in women. Nowadays, followingcompletion of imaging methods, mainly fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and core biopsy methods havebeen used for establishing cytopathological diagnosis although discussions regarding superiority continue.Materials and Methods: Those with a complaint of “mass in breast” along with those diagnosed to have a massas a result of routine physical examination among all patients applying to our clinic between 01.01.2009 and31.12.2011 were retrospectively assessed. Totals of 146 and 64 patients with complete radiological observationwho had undergone FNAB and core biopsies, respectively, were evaluated. Postoperative pathological resultsof patients of both groups receiving surgery were also taken into consideration. All results were compared interms of false positivity/negativity, sensitivity/specifity, surgery types and distribution of postoperative resultswith regard to diagnoses along with those of malignant/benign masses with regard to quadrants determined.Results: Diagnostic malignancy power of mammographic BIRADS classification was 87.3%. However, the valuewas 75% in the core biopsy group. Sensitivity and specifity following comparison of FNAB and postoperativepathology results of those receiving surgery were 85.4% and 92.9% while they were 93.5% and 100% in the corebiopsy group. Diagnostic malignancy power, calculated by determining AUC in ROC analysis, of FNAB was89.1% while that of core biopsy was 96.7%. Conclusions: It was shown that core biopsy is superior to FNAB interms of sensitivity, specificity and accurate histopathological classification. However; quick, cheap and basicdiagnosis by means of FNAB should not be ignored. Sensitivity of FNAB is rather high in experienced handsand furthermore it would be expected to be lower than with core biopsy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31087_999d59024af1170a9824872eb5a61570.pdf
breast cancer
FNAB
core biopsy
Sensitivity
Specificity
Comparison
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4329
4333
31088
Effect of Cisplatin on the Frequency and Immuno-inhibitory Function of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells in A375 Melanoma Model
Background: To investigate the change of frequency and immuno-inhibitory function of myeloid-derivedsuppressor cells (MDSCs) after treatment of cisplatin (DDP) in A375 human melanoma model. Materials andMethods: BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with A375 cells to establish the human melanoma model andrandomly divided into control group given normal saline (NS) and experimental group treated with DDP (5 mg/kg). The percentages of MDSCs in the tumor tissue and peripheral blood after DDP treatment were detected byflow cytometry. The proliferation and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secretion of T cells co-cultured with MDSCs wereanalyzed through carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling assay and enzyme-linked immunospot(ELISPOT) assay, respectively. Results: In A375 human melanoma model, DDP treatment could significantlydecrease the percentage of MDSCs in the tumor tissue, but exerted no effect on the level of MDSCs in peripheralblood. Moreover, DDP treatment could attenuate the immuno-inhibitory function of MDSCs. T cells co-culturedwith DDP-treated MDSCs could dramatically elevate the proliferation and production of INF-γ. Conclusions:DDP can decrease the frequency and attenuate immuno-inhibitory function of MDSCs in A375 melanoma model,suggesting a potential strategy to augment the efficacy of combined immunotherapy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31088_ce7d6d91f8b522f659441c68defec7ba.pdf
Preconditioning chemotherapy
Immunomodulation
myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Melanoma
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4335
4338
31089
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Associated Risk Factors in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A Hospital Based Case Control Study
Background: Oral cancer is the third most common malignancy in Saudi Arabia, the highest incidence ofwhich is reported from Jazan province. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of variouslocally used substances, especially shamma, with oral cancer in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Materials andMethods: A hospital-based case-control study was designed and patient records were scanned for histologicallyconfirmed oral cancer cases. Forty eight patients who were recently diagnosed with oral cancer were selected ascases. Two healthy controls were selected for each observed case and they were matched with age (+/- 5 years)gender and location. Use of different forms of tobacco such as cigarettes, pipe-smoking and shamma (smokelesstobacco)was assessed. Khat, a commonly used chewing substance in the community was also included. Descriptiveanalysis was first performed followed by multiple logistic regression (with and without interaction) to deriveodds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs). Results: Mean age of the study sample (56% males and44% females) was 65.3 years. Multinomial regression analysis revealed that shamma use increased the odds ofdeveloping oral cancer by 29 times (OR=29.3; 10.3-83.1). Cigarette (OR=6.74; 2.18-20.8) was also seen to have aneffect. With the interaction model the odds ratio increased significantly for shamma users (OR=37.2; 12.3-113.2)and cigarette smokers (OR=10.5; 2.88-3.11). Khat was observed to have negative effect on the disease occurrencewhen used along with shamma (OR=0.01; 0.00 - 0.65). Conclusions: We conclude that shamma, a moist form ofsmokeless tobacco is a major threat for oral cancer occurrence in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. This studygives a direction to conduct further longitudinal studies in the region with increased sample size representingthe population in order to provide more substantial evidence.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31089_982807fb01ab33c80a5dffd1571f780d.pdf
oral cancer
shamma
public health
Jazan province
Saudi Arabia
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4339
4345
31090
Semi-Quantitative Exposure Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Wood Dust and Nasopharyngeal Cancer Risk
Occupational exposure to wood dust is one cause of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC); however, assessing thisexposure remains problematic. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a semi-quantitative exposureassessment method and then utilize it to evaluate the association between occupational exposure to wood dust andthe development of NPC. In addition, variations in risk by histology were examined. A case-control study wasconducted with 327 newly diagnosed cases of NPC at the National Cancer Institute and regional cancer centersin Thailand with 1:1 controls matched for age, gender and geographical residence. Occupational informationwas obtained through personal interviews. The potential probability, frequency and intensity of exposure towood dust were assessed on a job-by-job basis by experienced experts. Analysis was performed by conditionallogistic regression and presented in odds ratio (ORs) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, a nonsignificant relationship between occupational wood dust exposure and NPC risk for all subjects was observed(ORs=1.61, 95%CI 0.99-2.59); however, the risk became significant when analyses focused on types 2 and 3 ofNPC (ORs = 1.62, 95%CI 1.03-2.74). The significant association was stronger for those exposed to wood dust for> 10 year (ORs=2.26, 95%CI 1.10-4.63), for those with first-time exposure at age > 25 year (ORs= 2.07, 95%CI1.08-3.94), and for those who had a high cumulative exposure (ORs=2.17, 95%CI 1.03-4.58) when compared withthose considered unexposed. In conclusion, wood dust is likely to be associated with an increased risk of type 2or 3 NPC in the Thai population. The results of this study show that semi-quantitative exposure assessment issuitable for occupational exposure assessment in a case control study and complements the information fromself-reporting.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31090_7ecf2c9feadc60ea58ddb3a33692b092.pdf
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
exposure assessment
wood dust
Nasopharyngeal cancer
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4347
4351
31091
Association of GSTP1 and RRM1 Polymorphisms with the Response and Toxicity of Gemcitabine-cisplatin Combination Chemotherapy in Chinese Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Background: Previous studies showed that genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1)were involved in glutathione metabolism and genetic polymorphisms of ribonucleotide reductase (RRM1) werecorrelated with DNA synthesis. Here we explored the effects of these polymorphisms on the chemosensitivityand clinical outcome in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with gemcitabine-cisplatinregimens. Materials and Methods: DNA sequencing was used to evaluate genetic polymorphisms of GSTP1Ile105Val and RRM1 C37A-T524C in 47 NSCLC patients treated with gemcitabine-cisplatin regimens. Clinicalresponse was evaluated according to RECIST criteria after 2 cycles of chemotherapy and toxicity was assessedby 1979 WHO criteria (acute and subacute toxicity graduation criteria in chemotherapeutic agents). Results:There was no statistical significance between sensitive and non-sensitive groups regarding the genotype frequencydistribution of GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism (p>0.05). But for RRM1 C37A-T524C genotype, sensitive grouphad higher proportion of high effective genotype than non-sensitive group (p=0.009). And according to the jointdetection of GSTP1 Ile105Val and RRM1 C37A-T524C polymorphisms, the proportion of type A (A/A + higheffective genotype) was significantly higher in sensitive group than in non-sensitive group (p=0.009). Toxicityshowed no correlation with the genotypes between two groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Compared with singledetection of genetic polymorphisms of GSTP1 Ile105Val or RRM1 C37A-T524C, joint detection of both may bemore helpful for patients with NSCLC to receive gemcitabine-cisplatin regimens as the first-line chemotherapy.Especially, genetic polymorphism of RRM1 is more likely to be used as an important biomarker to predict theresponse and toxicity of gemcitabine-cisplatin combination chemotherapy in NSCLC.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31091_5d9516908a34c567bfbd9b56945f74c4.pdf
non-small cell lung cancer
Glutathione S-transferase P1
ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4353
4356
31092
High Efficacy of Levofloxacin-Dexlansoprazole-Based Quadruple Therapy as a First Line Treatment for Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Thailand
Background: Levofloxacin is an effective medication for second line Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication.However, limited studies have approved its use as an effective antibiotic in first line therapy. Dexlansoprazole isa new PPI and lacks of evidence in support of a role in H. pylori eradication. This study was designed to evaluateefficacy of levofloxacin-dexlansoprazole-based quadruple therapy for H. pylori eradication in Thailand. Materialsand Methods: This prospective randomized control study was performed during June 2014 to December 2014.H. pylori infected gastritis patients were randomized to receive 7- or 14-day levofloxacin-dexlansoprazole basedon quadruple therapy (levofloxacin 500 mg OD, dexlansoprazole 60 mg bid, clarithromycin MR 1000 mg OD,bismuth subsalicylate 1048 mg bid). CYP2C19 genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility tests were conductedfor all patients. A 13C urea breath test was performed to confirm H. pylori eradication at least 4 weeks aftertreatment. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled, comprising 44 males and 56 females (mean age of 52.6years). Eradication rate by PP analysis was 85.7% (42/49) with the 7-day regimen and 98% (48/49) with the14-day regimen (85.7% vs 98%; p-value=0.059). ITT analysis was 84% and 96% with 7- and 14-day regimens,respectively (84% vs 96%; p-value=0.092). Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated 35.1% resistance tometronidazole, 18.3% to clarithromycin, and 13.5% to levofloxacin. CYP2C19 genotyping revealed 54.1% RM,34.7% IM and 11.2% PM. The 14-day regimen provided 100% eradication in patients with clarithromycin or dualclarithromycin and metronidazole H. pylori resistant strains. Moreover, the eradication rate was 96.6% in patientswith CYP2C19 genotype RM. Conclusions: The 14-day levofloxacin-dexlansoprazole based quadruple therapyprovides high H. pylori eradication regardless of CYP2C19 genotype, clarithromycin or dual clarithromycinand metronidazole resistant strains. This regimen could be use as an alternative first line therapy for H. pylorieradication in Thailand.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31092_ed2aea50b610e26b2ea3a3d446d98584.pdf
Levofloxacin
dexlansoprazole
quadruple therapy
Helicobacter pylori eradication
Thailand
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4357
4361
31093
Radical Intermediate Generation and Cell Cycle Arrest by an Aqueous Extract of Thunbergia Laurifolia Linn. in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Thunbergia Laurifolia Linn. (TL) is one of the most familiar plants in Thai traditional medicine that is usedto treat various conditions, including cancer. However, the antitumor activity of TL or its constituents has neverbeen reported at the molecular level to support the folklore claim. The present study was designed to investigatethe antitumor effect of an aqueous extract of TL in human breast cancer cells and the possible mechanism(s) ofaction. An aqueous crude extract was prepared from dried leaves of TL. Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assays wereused to determine the total phenolic content. Antiproliferative and cell cycle effects were evaluated in humanbreast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells by MTT reduction assay, cell growth inhibition, clonogenic cell survival,and flow cytometric analysis. Free radical generation by the extracts was detected using electron paramagneticresonance spectroscopy. The exposure of human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells to a TL aqueous extractresulted in decreases in cell growth, clonogenic cell survival, and cell viability in a concentration-dependentmanner with an IC50 value of 843 μg/ml. Treatments with extract for 24h at 250 μg/ml or higher induced cellcycle arrest as indicated by a significant increase of cell population in the G1 phase and a significant decreasein the S phase of the cell cycle. The capability of the aqueous extract to generate radical intermediates wasobserved at both high pH and near-neutral pH conditions. The findings suggest the antitumor bioactivities ofTL against selected breast cancer cells may be due to induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Cytotoxicity and cellcycle perturbation that are associated with a high concentration of the extract could be in part explained by thetotal phenolic contents in the extract and the capacity to generate radical intermediates to modulate cellularproliferative signals.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31093_a52639e0f920f16613add4ff1480057f.pdf
Thunbergia laurifolia
tumor growth inhibition
cell cycle arrest
radical intermediates
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4363
4368
31094
Prognostic Evaluation of Tumor-Stroma Ratio in Patients with Early Stage Cervical Adenocarcinoma Treated by Surgery
Background: The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) represents the percentage of neoplastic cell components comparedto the combined area of neoplastic cells and the surrounding tumor-induced stroma. A low TSR (predominationof stromal component) has been demonstrated to be an independent adverse prognostic factor in cancers ofseveral organs. In cervical carcinoma patients, TSR has been evaluated in only one previous study with differenthistological types. The present study aimed to assess the prognostic value of TSR in early stage cervical cancerpatients with adenocarcinoma histology only. Materials and Methods: Histological slides of patients with earlystage (IB-IIA) cervical adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment between January 2003 and December2011 were reviewed. Patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy were excluded. TSR was categorizedas low (<50%) and high (≥50%). Correlations between TSR and clinicopathological variables were evaluated.Prognostic values of TSR and other variables were estimated using Cox’s regression. Results: Of 131 patients;38 (29.0%) had low TSR and 93 (71.0%) had high TSR. The patients with low TSR had significantly higherproportions of deep cervical stromal invasion (outer third of wall, p=0.011; residual stroma less than 3 mm,p=0.008) and parametrial involvement (p=0.026). Compared to the patients with high TSR, those with low TSRtended to have lower 5-year disease-free survival rate (83.8% versus 88.9%) and overall survival rate (85.6%versus 90.3%), although the differences were not statistically significant. Low TSR was significantly associatedwith decreased overall survival in univariate analysis (HR 2.7; 95% CI 1.0-7.0; p=0.041), but not in multivariateanalysis. TSR was not significantly associated with decreased disease-free survival. Conclusions: Low TSR isassociated with decreased overall survival in patients with early stage cervical adenocarcinoma treated bysurgery. However, it was not found to be an independent prognostic predictor in this study.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31094_b8308f8bca106a7f7631710039400aaa.pdf
cervical cancer
adenocarcinoma
Prognosis
tumor-stroma ratio
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4369
4376
31095
In vitro Study of the Antagonistic Effect of Low-dose Liquiritigenin on Gemcitabine-induced Capillary Leak Syndrome in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma via Inhibiting ROSMediated Signalling Pathways
Background: To investigate in-vitro antagonistic effect of low-dose liquiritigenin on gemcitabine-inducedcapillary leak syndrome (CLS) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma via inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated signalling pathways. Materials and Methods: Human pancreatic adenocarcinoma Panc-1 cells andhuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pre-treated using low-dose liquiritigenin for 24 h, thenadded into gemcitabine and incubated for 48 h. Cell viability, apoptosis rate and ROS levels of Panc-1 cellsand HUVECs were respectively detected through methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) andflow cytometry. For HUVECs, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and transcellular and paracellularleak were measured using transwell assays, then poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and metal matrixproteinase-9 (MMP9) activity were assayed via kits, mRNA expressions of p53 and Rac-1 were determinedthrough quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR); The expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and PARP-1 were measured via western blotting.Results: Low-dose liquiritigenin exerted no effect on gemcitabine-induced changes of cell viability, apoptosis rateand ROS levels in Panc-1 cells, but for HUVECs, liquiritigenin (3 μM) could remarkably elevate gemcitabineinduceddecrease of cell viability, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), pro-MMP9 level and expressionof ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (p<0.01). Meanwhile, it could also significantly decrease gemcitabine-induced increaseof transcellular and paracellular leak, ROS level, PARP-1 activity, Act-MMP9 level, mRNA expressions of p53and Rac-1, expression of PARP-1 and apoptosis rate (p<0.01). Conclusions: Low-dose liquiritigenin exertsan antagonistic effect on gemcitabine-induced leak across HUVECs via inhibiting ROS-mediated signallingpathways, but without affecting gemcitabine-induced Panc-1 cell apoptosis. Therefore, low-dose liquiritigeninmight be beneficial to prevent the occurrence of gemcitabine-induced CLS in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31095_c88fd8341f4d33dc3eeeeb7811268f7b.pdf
liquiritigenin
Gemcitabine
capillary leak syndrome
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
reactive oxygen
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4377
4381
31096
Somatostatin Receptor 2 and 5 Expressions in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Turkey
Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GNs) are slow growing and although theirincidence has increased in recent years, they are relatively rarely seen. Somatostatin analogues are used inthe treatment of GNs that express somatostatin receptor (SR). We aimed to investigate the expression ofSR2 and SR5 in GNs. Materials and Methods: In this study the expression of SR2 and SR5 was investigatedimmunohistochemically in 49 cases (26 males, 23 females) diagnosed and graded with GN according to the WorldHealth Organization classification 2010. Results: The percentage of SR2 staining was 91.0% in grade 1, 82.8%in grade 2 and 100% in grade 3. On the other hand, the percentage of SR5 staining was 81.8% % in grade 1,60.0% in grade 2 and 0% in grade 3. According to the tumor localization, the percentages of SR2 expressionwere as follows: pancreas 85.7%, stomach 100%, small bowel 70%, appendix 85.7% and rectum 100%. Thepercentages of SR5 expression were: pancreas 61,9%, stomach 37.5%, small bowel 70%, appendix 71.5%and rectum 66.6%. There was a significant negative correlation between ki67 percentage and SR5 expression(r=-0.341, p=0.016). Conclusions: In this study, GNs were found to highly express SR2 and SR5. Although theexpression of SR2 and SR5 changed according to tumor localization, the expression of SR2 was higher than theexpression of SR5 in GN. There was a significant negative correlation between ki67 and SR5. Accordingly, SR5may be a prognostic indicator of GN.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31096_d91542f51d405aee4fea820522063438.pdf
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
somatostatin receptor 2
somatostatin receptor 5
Ki67
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4383
4386
31097
Genetic Variation in Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II and Interaction with Dietary Natural Vitamin C May Predict Risk for Adenomatous Polyp Occurrence
Background: The C1561T variant of the glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) gene is critical for naturalmethylfolylpolyglutamte (methylfolate) absorption, and has been associated with perturbations in folatemetabolism and disease susceptibility. However, little is known on C1561T-GCPII as a risk factor for colorectalcancer. Therefore, this study examined whether C1561T-GCPII influences folate metabolism and adenomatouspolyp occurrence. Materials and Methods: 164 controls and 38 adenomatous polyp cases were analysed todetermine blood folate and plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, dietary intake of natural methylfolate, syntheticpteroylglutamic acid (PteGlu), vitamin C and C1561T-GCPII genotype. Results: In controls and cases, 7.3 and18.4 percent of subjects respectively, were found to have the CT genotype, increasing the risk for adenomatouspolyp occurrence 2.86 times (95% CI:1.37-8.0, p=0.035). Total dietary folate, methylfolate and PteGlu intakeand the level of erythrocyte folate and plasma Hcy did not predict the occurrence of an adenomatous polyp.However, dietary natural vitamin C intake was associated with adenomatous polyp risk within C1561T-GCPIICT genotype subjects (p=0.037). Conclusions: The findings suggest that C1561T-GCPII variation may beassociated with risk for adenomatous polyp, and vitamin C may modify risk by interacting with the variantgene, its expression product and/or folate substrates.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31097_14b8233b3b5dc48bc81ad5baa62ee55e.pdf
adenomatous polyp
colorectal cancer
Folate
GCPII
Polymorphism
Vitamin C
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4387
4392
31098
Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Claudin 1, 4 and 7 in Pancreatic Cancer
Background: Tight junctions (TJs) organise paracellular permeability and they have an important role inepithelial and endothelial cell polarity and permanence of barrier function. It has been demonstrated that theClaudin family constitutes an important component of them. In this study, we assessed expression patterns ofof Claudin1, 4 and 7 and whether they have any relation with prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer.Materials and Methods: Expression patterns of Claudin 1,4 and 7 were examined by immunohistochemistryin 25 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of pancreatic cancer using a semiquantitative scoring of theextent and intensity of staining. After grouping the staining scores as low (final score 0-2) and high (final score3-9) the relation between expression of Claudin 1,4 and 7 and survival was evaluated. Results: There was nosignificant relation between expression of Claudin 1,4 and 7 and gender and stage. No statistically significantrelation was found between Claudin 1 and 4 expression and survival whereas a statistically significant relationwas found between decrease in Claudin 7 expression and decrease in survival. Conclusions: Claudins haveimportant functions other than their popular function known as adhesion. Supporting this hypothesis, we founda statistically significant relationship between increased Claudin 7 expression and increased survival time, andthis suggests that Claudin 7 may exert different tumorigenic effects in pancreatic cancer other than its wellknownadhesion effect.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31098_00c6b6e31f7a902f975c60b90e04500e.pdf
Claudin 1
Claudin 4
Claudin 7
Pancreatic cancer
survival
tight junctions
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4393
4399
31099
Analysis on Clinical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Patients with Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Background: To explore the independent prognostic factors for the recurrence/metastasis of patients withlocoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC). Materials and Methods: A total of 604 patientsinitially diagnosed as LANPC by pathohistology in Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital were selected to analyzethe relationship between the clinical pathological patterns, therapeutic protocols and clinical stages with therecurrence/metastasis of LANPC. Results: The 1-, 3- and 5-year locoregionally recurrent rates of LANPC patientswere 2.0%, 9.5% and 12.9% respectively, with average recurrent period being 78 months. Univariate analysisresults indicated that clinical stages had certain influence on the recurrent period of LANPC patients. However,COX regression models showed that ages, genders and clinical stages were not the independent prognostic factorsinfluencing the recurrence. The 1-, 3- and 5-year metastatic rates of LANPC patients were 6.6%, 17.5% and18.8% respectively, with average metastatic period of 73 months. Univariate analysis results demonstrated thatages, N stages, clinical stages, locations of lymph node, retropharyngeal lymph node and extracapsular invasionof lymph node had certain influence on the metastatic period of LANPC patients. Additionally, further COXregression analysis results suggested that T stages, reduction protocols and extracapsular invasion of lymph nodewere the independent prognostic factors influencing the metastasis of patients with LANPC, in which T stagesand extracapsular invasion of lymph node were the pestilent factors while reduction protocols the protectivefactor. Conclusions: Induction chemotherapy is beneficial to LANPC patients with initial treatment, and themetastatic rate decreases greatly after the application of reduction chemotherapy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31099_55a79dd68b74c5fdc9ee8c5658ab2c7d.pdf
Locoregionally advanced asopharyngeal carcinoma
induction chemotherapy
radioptherapy
Recurrence
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4401
4408
31100
Village Voices: Lessons about Processes for Disease Prevention from a Qualitative Study of Family Health Leaders in a Community in Northeastern Thailand
Background: Cancer is a primary source of concern in Thailand and other countries around the world,including the Asian-Pacific region. Evidence supports that an important contributing cause of cancer and otherchronic illnesses such as stroke, diabetes, and hypertension is excessive alcohol consumption. Studies conductedin Thailand reveal a worrisome rise in the number of new and regular drinkers in communities. Therefore,actions for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of problem drinking are necessary. In recent yearsnurses in North East Thailand have been developing and implementing the Khon Kaen Family Health Nursingmodel to embed disease prevention in communities through the actions of family health nurses and local familyhealth leaders. Aim: The aim of this qualitative research was to better understand the experiences of the localfamily health leaders using this model and to synthesize lessons learned. Materials and Methods: As part of aparticipatory action research approach involving analysis of focus group discussions and individual interviews,the experiences of 45 family health leaders were synthesized. Results: Four main themes were identified, namely: i)Family first: role modeling beginning at the personal and family level. ii) Local leverage: using village communityforums to reduce alcohol drinking. iii) Gentle growth: making the first step and treading gently; and iv) Respect,Redemption, Rehabilitation: valuing the person to re-integrate them in the village society. Conclusions: As alcoholconsumption in the village declined significantly following the prevention program, these findings illuminatehow low-tech integrated prevention approaches may be very useful, particularly in rural communities. Thelessons learned may have relevance not only in Thailand but in other countries seeking to prevent and mitigatebehavior that conduces to diseases such as cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31100_b877ce57b83efb2eba6ad5ab4fe28ce1.pdf
Family health leaders
lessons learned
the Khon Kaen university family health nursing model
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4409
4419
31101
Increased Micronucleus Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Contributes to Cancer Risk in the Methyl Isocyanate-Affected Population of Bhopal
The Bhopal gas tragedy involving methyl isocyanate (MIC) is one of the most horrific industrial accidentsin recent decades. We investigated the genotoxic effects of MIC in long-term survivors and their offspring bornafter the 1984 occurrence. There are a few cytogenetic reports showing genetic damage in the MIC-exposedsurvivors, but there is no information about the associated cancer risk. The same is true about offspring. For thefirst time, we here assessed the micronucleus (MN) frequency using cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN)assay to predict cancer risk in the MIC-affected population of Bhopal. A total of 92 healthy volunteers (46 MICaffectedand 46 controls) from Bhopal and various regions of India were studied taking gender and age intoconsideration. Binucleated lymphocytes with micronuclei (BNMN), total number of micronuclei in lymphocytes(MNL), and nuclear division index (NDI) frequencies and their relationship to age, gender and several lifestylevariabilities (smoking, alcohol consumption and tobacco-chewing) were investigated. Our observations showedrelatively higher BNMN and MNL (P<0.05) in the MIC-affected than in the controls. Exposed females (EF)exhibited significantly higher BNMN and MNL (P<0.01) than their unexposed counterparts. Similarly, femaleoffspring of the exposed (FOE) also suffered higher BNMN and MNL (P<0.05) than in controls. A significantreduction in NDI (P<0.05) was found only in EF. The affected group of non-smokers and non-alcoholics featureda higher frequency of BNMN and MNL than the control group of non-smokers and non-alcoholics (P<0.01).Similarly, the affected group of tobacco chewers showed significantly higher BNMN and MNL (P<0.001) thanthe non-chewers. Amongst the affected, smoking and alcohol consumption were not associated with statisticallysignificant differences in BNMN, MNL and NDI. Nevertheless, tobacco-chewing had a preponderant effect withrespect to MNL. A reasonable correlation between MNL and lifestyle habits (smoking, alcohol consumption andtobacco-chewing) was observed only in the controls. Our results suggest that EF and FOE are more susceptibleto cancer development, as compared to EM and MOE. The genotoxic outcome detected in FOE reflects theirparental exposure to MIC. Briefly, the observed cytogenetic damage to the MIC-affected could contribute tocancer risk, especially in the EF and FOE.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31101_723c6983d6bb057126be98370cbfbe15.pdf
Methyl isocyanate exposure
long-term survivors and offspring
genotoxic effects
Bhopal
India
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4421
4427
31102
Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Serum Alphafetoprotein in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Correlation with Clinicopathological Factors: a Single-center Experience from China
Objectives: To investigate the prognosis significance of preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) andthe correlation with clinicopathological factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwenthepatectomy. Materials and Methods: Clinicopathological data of retrospective analysis were collected for251 HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy in this study. According to preoperative AFP level, patients werecategorized into AFP-negative (0-20ng/mL) and AFP-positive (>20 ng/mL) groups for Kaplan-Meier analysisand Cox proportional hazard regression modeling. Results: The results demonstrated that increased AFPwas associated with longer prothrombin time (PTs), liver capsule invasion, low grade differentiation, and lateBarcelona Clinic Liver Center (BCLC) stage. Moreover, the female patients had a greater prevalence of increasedpreoperative AFP than male patients [284.8 (3.975-3167.5) vs (3.653-140.65); Z-2.895, p=0.004]. The 1-, 3-, and5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 78.1, 57.5, and 40.6 % in the AFP-negative group and 61.8,37.7, and 31.4 %, respectively, in the AFP-positive group (log-rank test 8.312, p=0.004). The 1-, 3-, and 5-yearoverall survival (OS) rates were 94.4, 83.8, and 62.3% in the AFP-negative group and 87.2, 60.0, and 36.7%,respectively, in the AFP-positive group. The difference was statistically significant (log-rank test, 16.884, p=0.000).Cox proportional-hazards model identified preoperative AFP to be an independent prognostic predictor of overallsurvival. Conclusions: Preoperative serum AFP is an independent predictor of prognosis among HCC patientsfollowing surgical resection. Female patients have a higher preoperative AFP than their male counterparts.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31102_ebecbdf2826799267ef3d12e8fc8c0ab.pdf
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Alpha-fetoprotein
hepatectomy
survival
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4429
4434
31103
Awareness and Knowledge of Oral Cancer and Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders among Dental Patients in Far North Queensland, Australia
Background: Public awareness/knowledge on oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC), potentially malignantdisorders (PMODs) and their risk factors is crucial for prevention and early detection of OPC and PMODs.Yet, there are no published data available on the awareness and knowledge of OPC and PMODs among peopleliving in Far North Queensland, Australia. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a crosssectional survey. A self-administered questionnaire was designed and consisted of relevant questions to ascertainsocio-demographic information, awareness and knowledge of OPC, PMODs and risk factors and questions onparticipant’s exposure to risk factors and dietary history were also included. Survey was carried out at theDental Clinic of the James Cook University School of Dentistry (JCU Dental), Cairns, Australia. Subjects abovethe age of 20 years (n=366) were randomly selected during the period from 31st July to 6th September 2013and questionnaire was distributed to complete while they are waiting for treatment. Data analysis was carriedout using SPSS version 21 and the chi -squared test was employed to compare groups. P<0.05 was consideredstatistically significant. Results: The study revealed that 52.3% of the respondents were aware of the existenceof OPC but only 19.0% were aware of PMODs. Of those who were aware of oral cancer, 92% agreed or stronglyagreed that smoking is a strong risk factor for OPC. Similarly a relatively high proportion of the respondentsagreed or strongly agreed that tobacco chewing (84%), tobacco chewing with areca nut (68%), chewing arecanut alone (51%) and exposure to actinic radiation (71%) as risk factors. However, the results for alcohol intake,age, and HPV infection were found to be relatively poor with proportions 33%, 34%, and 23% respectively.Conclusions: This study revealed an alarming lack of awareness and knowledge of OPC and PMODs.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31103_7348bb77240062ef893f763702c64293.pdf
oral cancer
potentially malignant oral disorders
awareness
far north Australia
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4435
4438
31104
Quantitative Assessment the Relationship between p21 rs1059234 Polymorphism and Cancer Risk
p21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, which can arrest cell proliferation and serve as a tumor suppressor.Though many studies were published to assess the relationship between p21 rs1059234 polymorphism andvarious cancer risks, there was no definite conclusion on this association. To derive a more precise quantitativeassessment of the relationship, a large scale meta-analysis of 5,963 cases and 8,405 controls from 16 eligiblepublished case–control studies was performed. Our analysis suggested that rs1059234 was not associated withthe integral cancer risk for both dominant model [(T/T+C/T) vs C/C, OR=1.00, 95% CI: 0.84-1.18] and recessivemodel [T/T vs (C/C+C/T), OR=1.03, 95% CI: 0.93-1.15)]. However, further stratified analysis showed rs1059234was greatly associated with the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN). Thus, larger scaleprimary studies are still required to further evaluate the interaction of p21 rs1059234 polymorphism and cancerrisk in specific cancer subtypes.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31104_962b55710c88102db23887655295c6f5.pdf
p21
Cancer risk
Polymorphism
Meta-analysis
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4439
4445
31105
KRAS Mutation as a Biomarker for Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, A Meta-Analysis of 12 Randomized Trials
Background: Because there is no clear consensus for the prognostic implication of KRAS mutations in patientswith non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we conducted a meta-analysis based on 12 randomized trials to drawa more accurate conclusion. Materials and Methods: A systematic computer search of articles from inception toMay 1, 2014 using the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was conducted. The enrollment of articlesand extraction of data were independently performed by two authors. Results: Our analysis was based onthe endpoints overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Nine records (All for OS, 7 for PFS)comprising 12 randomized trials were identified with 3701 patients who underwent a test for KRAS mutations.In the analysis of the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for OS (HR: 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-1.56) andPFS (HR: 1.33; 95% CI 1.17-1.51), we found that KRAS mutations are related to poor survival benefit for NSCLC.According to a subgroup analysis stratified by disease stage and line of therapy, the combined HRs for OS andPFS coincided with the finding that the presence of a KRAS mutation is a dismal prognostic factor. However,the prognostic role of KRAS mutations are not statistically significant in a subgroup analysis of patients treatedwith chemotherapy in combination with cetuximab based on the endpoints OS (P=0.141) and PFS (P=0.643).Conclusions: Our results indicate that KRAS mutations are associated with inferior survival benefits for NSCLCbut not for those treated with chemotherapies integrating cetuximab.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31105_3956e21350c54fad500a4b4e0ec37715.pdf
KRAS
non-small cell lung cancer
survival
Meta-analysis
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4447
4450
31106
Epidemiology of Nasopharyngeal Cancers in Iran: A 6-year Report
Background: Nasopharyngeal cancer is a disease with distinct ethnic and geographical distribution. The aimof this review was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of nasopharyngeal cancer in Iran from 2004to 2009 because no systematic study has been performed to evaluate the trends of its incidence yet. Materialsand Methods: The data were derived from the databases of the National Cancer Data System Registry in theperiod of 2004-2009. Nasopharyngeal cancers were classified according to the International Classification ofDiseases for Oncology. Incidence rates and trends were calculated and evaluated by gender, age decade, andhistopathology types. Results: A total of 1,637 nasopharyngeal cancers were registered in Iran from 2004 to 2009giving an incidence of 0.38 per 100,000. The male-to-female ratio was 2.08:1. The trend of incidence was found tohave increased, with a significant increase observed in males. Undifferentiated carcinoma was the most commonhistopathology type in all the age decades. Conclusions: Because the incidence of nasopharyngeal cancers inIran has increased, especially in males, further studies are recommended for understanding of the etiologicalfactors involved in the rise of the disease.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31106_9abeb26fff671a3379844899aa807874.pdf
Nasopharyngeal cancer
Incidence
Trends
Iran
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4451
4456
31107
Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Intermediate Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Resection or Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization
Background: The aim of our present study was to compare quality of life (QoL) between intermediate-stage(BCLC-B) HCC patients who had undergone either liver resection or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE). Materials and Methods: A total of 102 intermediate-stage HCC patients participated in our study,including 58 who had undergone liver resection and 44 who had undergone TACE. Baseline demographiccharacteristics, tumor characteristics, and long-term outcomes, such as tumor recurrence, were compared andanalyzed. QoL was assessed using the Short Form (SF)-36 health survey questionnaire with the mental andphysical component scales (SF-36 MCS and PCS). This questionnaire was filled out at HCC diagnosis and 1,3, 6, 12, 24 months after surgery. Results: For the preoperative QoL evaluation, the 8 domains related to QoLwere comparable between the two groups. The PCS and MCS scores were significantly decreased in both theTACE and resection groups at1 month after surgery, and this decrease was greater in the resection group.These scores were significantly lower in the resection group compared with the TACE group (P<0.05). However,these differences disappeared at 3 and 6 months following surgery. One year after surgery, the resection groupshowed much higher PCS scores than the TACE patients (P=0.018), and at 2 years after surgery, the PCS andMCS scores for the resection group were significantly higher than those for the TACE group (P<0.05). Elevenpatients (19.0%) in the resection group and 17 (38.6%) in the TACE group suffered HCC recurrence (P<0.05).Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that tumor recurrence (HR=1.211, 95%CI: 1.086-1.415, P=0.012)was a significant risk factor for poorpostoperative QoL in the HCC patients.Conclusions: Due to its effectson reducing HCC recurrence and improving long-term QoL, liver resection should be the first choice for thetreatment of patients with intermediate-stage HCC.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31107_5c9f154966c57dc56d8675a810744467.pdf
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Quality of Life
liver resection
transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4457
4463
31108
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Q192R Gene Polymorphism and Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis Based on 30 Publications
Common genetic variation Q192R in the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene has been considered to be implicated inthe development of many cancers. Nevertheless, results from the related studies were inconsistent. To elucidatethe association, we performed a meta-analysis for 8,112 cases and 10,037 controls from 32 published case-controlstudies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the associationby STATA 12.0 software. Overall, we revealed that the PON1-192R allele was associated with a reduced risk of theoverall cancers. Moreover, in the stratified analysis by cancer types (breast cancer, prostate cancer, brain canceretc.), the results showed that PON1-192R allele was associated with a decreased risk in breast cancer (R vs Q:OR=0.605, 95% CI=0.378-0.967, Pheterogeneity=0.000; RR vs QQ: OR=0.494, 95% CI=0.275-0.888, Pheterogeneity=0.002;RQ vs QQ: OR=0.465, 95% CI=0.259-0.835, Pheterogeneity=0.000; and RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=0.485, 95% CI=0.274-0.857,Pheterogeneity=0.000), and associated with prostate cancer in homozygote (RR vs QQ: OR=0.475, 95% CI=0.251-0.897, Pheterogeneity=0.001) and recessive models (RR vs RQ+QQ: OR=0.379, 95% CI=0.169-0.853, Pheterogeneity=0.000),while an increased risk was identified in lymphoma (R vs Q: OR=1.537, 95% CI=1.246-1.896, Pheterogeneity=0.944;RR vs QQ: OR=2.987, 95% CI=1.861-4.795, Pheterogeneity=0.350; RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=1.354, 95% CI=1.021-1.796,Pheterogeneity=0.824; and RR vs RQ+QQ: OR=2.934, 95% CI=1.869-4.605, Pheterogeneity=0.433), and an increased risk inprostate cancer under heterozygote comparison (RQ vs QQ: OR=1.782, 95% CI=1.077-2.950, Pheterogeneity=0.000)and dominant models (RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=1.281, 95% CI=1.044-1.573, Pheterogeneity=0.056). When subgroupanalysis that performed by the control source (hospital based or population based), a decreased risk of the overallcancers was revealed by homozygote (RR vs QQ: OR=0.601, 95% CI=0.366-0.987, Pheterogeneity=0.000) and dominantmodels (RR vs RQ+QQ: OR= 0.611, 95% CI=0.384-0.973, Pheterogeneity=0.000) in hospital based group. Stratifyingby ethnicity, a significantly reduced risk of the overall cancers under allele contrast model (R vs Q: OR=0.788,95% CI=0.626-0.993, Pheterogeneity=0.000) was uncovered in Caucasian. In summary, these findings suggested thatPON1 Q192R polymorphism was associated with a reduced risk of the overall cancers, nevertheless, it mightincrease cancer susceptibility of prostate and lymphoma risk. Large well-designed epidemiological studies willbe continued on this issue of interest.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31108_f7546110d32005611a6fac7fab684023.pdf
Paraoxonase 1
Q192R
Polymorphism
cancer
Meta-analysis
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4465
4468
31109
Effects of Analgecine on Oxaliplatin-Induced Neurotoxicity in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer
Background: As the third generation of platinum-based antineoplastic agent aginst gastrointestinal cancer,oxaliplatin is considered to be associated with severe sensory neurotoxicity. Acorrding to previous studies,vitaminE, intravenous Ca/Mg and glutamine may partly reduce the incidence and severity of oxaliplatin-inducedneurotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of analgecine for preventingoxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity in the patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Method: In this study, patientsundergoing oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy were assigned to analgecine (experimental) group or controlgroup. Analgecine 6ml was administered once a day for seven days from the day of oxaliplatin treatment. TheNational Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE; version 3) was usedto evaluate oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. The incidence rates and grade of neurotoxicity of patients wereassessed before and during (after four and eight cycles) treatment. Results: Totally, 82 patients were enrolled inthis study, 42 in experimental group and 40 in control group. The occurrence of each grade neurotoxicity in theexperimental group was significantly lower than that in control group. The overall occurrence rate was 31% vs55% (P=0.043) after 4 cycles and 52% vs 75% (P=0.050) after 8 cycles. Conclusion: Analgecine appears couldbe effective in reducing oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity and be applicated for patients with gastrointestinaltumors who would be treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31109_fc00e5e42f5758ee45bc121e7593b92e.pdf
C???
eng
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
2015-10-01
16
10
4469
4475
31110
Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential Melastain 7 Enhances Apoptosis Induced by TRAIL in PC-3 cells
Transient receptor potential melastain 7 (TRPM7) is a bifunctional protein with dual structure of both ionchannel and protein kinase, participating in a wide variety of diseases including cancer. Recent researcheshave reported the mechanism of TRPM7 in human cancers. However, the correlation between TRPM7 andprostate cancer (PCa) has not been well studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the potentialthe role of TRPM7 in the apoptosis of PC-3 cells, which is the key cell of advanced metastatic PCa. In thisstudy, we demonstrated the influence and potential function of TRPM7 on the PC-3 cells apoptosis inducedby TNF-related apoptosis inducing-ligand (TRAIL). The study also found a novel up-regulated expression ofTRPM7 in PC-3 cells after treating with TRAIL. Suppression of TRPM7 by TRPM7 non-specific inhibitors(Gd3+ or 2-aminoethoxy diphenylborate (2-APB) ) not only markedly eliminated TRPM7 expression level, butalso increased the apoptosis of TRAIL-treated PC-3 cells, which may be regulated by the phosphatidylinositol3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway accompany with up-regulated expression of cleavedCaspase-3, (TRAIL-receptor 1, death receptors 4) DR4, and (TRAIL-receptor 2, death receptors 5) DR5. Takentogether, our findings strongly suggested that TRPM7 was involved in the apoptosis of PC-3 cells induced byTRAIL, indicating that TRPM7 may be applied as a therapeutic target for PCa.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_31110_938aa08220fb958f03ab94452980b169.pdf
Transient receptor potential melastain 7 (TRPM7)- Prostate Cancer (PCa)-PC-3 cells-TNF-related apoptosis inducing-ligand (TRAIL) Apoptosis-TRPM7 inhibitors