ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Exploring the Causes of the Low Incidence of Cervical Cancer in Western Asia
Anecdotal epidemiologic observations can provide valuable tools to study various biologic elements in complexdiseases such as cancer. Although cervical cancer is one of the most frequent malignancy affecting women in the world,it displays wide geographical variations remnant of socioeconomic, ethnic and genetic predisposing factors. The observedlow incidence of cervical cancer in western Asia has triggered scientists to try to delineate the causes of this reducedoccurrence. Although this region including Saudi Arabia is known for being conservative societies with low incidence ofsexually transmitted infections including human papillomavirus (HPV) and associated cervical cancer, scientificresearch points out multifaceted biological explanations including host genetic variations. Researchers observed thata protective genetic variant TP53 codon 72 proline allele was more commonly found in this population and appear tobe over-transmitted compared to others known for their high rate of cervical cancer. Thus, the combination of relativelow rate of HPV infection, over-transmission of protective genetic variant along with societal variables are the rationalebehind the low incidence of cervical cancer in women in the region of western Asia. The influence of the geneticmakeup of the patients has impact on personalized preventive medicine to gauge the risk of developing cervical cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63265_a1a448181220e17cda3309bd916a25f0.pdf
2018-06-01
1425
1429
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1425
Cervical cancer
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
TP53 polymorphism
Cancer predisposition
Western Asia
Ghazi
Alsbeih
galsbeih@kfshrc.edu.sa
1
Department of Biomedical Physics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Association between Selenium and Prostate Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background: Evidence of relationship between selenium and prostate cancer has been inconsistent. The present metaanalysis was conducted to determine relationship between selenium and prostate cancer. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA). We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO andGoogle scholar search engines and the reference lists of the retrieved papers for relevant data, without any limitationregarding language or time until 2016. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using Q test and I2 Index. Finally,a random effects model was used for combining results using STATA software version 11.1. Psignificant. Results: Thirty-eight studies including 36,419 cases and 105,293 controls were included in the final analysis. The pooled relative risk (RR) of relation between selenium and prostate cancer was 0.86 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]:0.78-0.94). Sub-group analyses based on case-control, cohort, and RCT studies gave values of 0.89 (95% CI:0.80-1.00), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.52-1.14) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.74-1.09), respectively. RRs based on serum, plasma and nail samples were 0.69 (95% CI: 0.51-0.95), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.61-1.17), 0.66 (95% CI: 0.41-1.05), respectively. According to 10 studies, investigated the relation between advanced prostate cancer and selenium in which the RR was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.52-0.87). Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that selenium most probably has a protective role against development of prostate cancer and its progression to advanced stages. Therefore, selenium supplementation can be proposed for prevention of prostate cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63252_f9852d620920ea94f3f4f0bf9d8c9a93.pdf
2018-06-01
1431
1437
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1431
selenium
Prostate Cancer
Meta-analysis
Koroush
Sayehmiri
sayehmiri@razi.tums.ac.ir
1
Department of Biostatistics, Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
AUTHOR
Milad
Azami
milad98azami@gmail.com
2
Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
AUTHOR
Younes
Mohammadi
younesmohamadi@gmail.com
3
Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Soleymani
ali.soleymani1360@yahoo.com
4
Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zeinab
Tardeh
z.tardeh@gmail.com
5
Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Apoptosis as a Mechanism of the Cancer Chemopreventive Activity of Glucosinolates: a Review
Cruciferous vegetables are a rich source of glucosinolates that have established anti-carcinogenic activity.Naturally-occurring glucosinolates and their derivative isothiocyanates (ITCs), generated as a result of their enzymaticdegradation catalysed by myrosinase, have been linked to low cancer incidence in epidemiological studies, and inanimal models isothiocyanates suppressed chemically-induced tumorigenesis. The prospective effect of isothiocyanatesas anti-carcinogenic agent has been much explored as cytotoxic against wide array of cancer cell lines and beingexplored for the development of new anticancer drugs. However, the mechanisms of isothiocyanates in inducingapoptosis against tumor cell lines are still largely disregarded. A number of mechanisms are believed to be involvedin the glucosinolate-induced suppression of carcinogenesis, including the induction of apoptosis, biotransformation ofxenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress, alteration of caspase activity, angiogenesis, histone deacytylation and cell cyclearrest. The molecular mechanisms through which isothiocyanates stimulate apoptosis in cancer cell lines have not sofar been clearly defined. This review summarizes the underlying mechanisms through which isothiocyanates modifythe apoptotic pathway leading to cell death.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63483_e967161fd50c8287071ac4728dc22b5b.pdf
2018-06-01
1439
1448
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1439
Cruciferous vegetables
glucosinolates
isothiocyanates
Chemoprevention
Apoptosis
Asvinidevi
Arumugam
ashvini6050@gmail.com
1
Laboratory of UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
Ahmad Faizal
Abdull Razis
madfaizal@upm.edu.my
2
Laboratory of UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Total Calcium (Dietary and Supplementary) Intake and Prostate Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Background: Controversial results have been reported concerning the influence of calcium intake on prostate cancerrisk. The aim of this study was to determine any association between total calcium (in the diet and in supplements) intakeand prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: The present systematic review and meta-analysis study was carried outfollowing a PRISMA guidelines. Two reviewers independently using MeSH keywords searched international databasesincluding PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, EBSCO and search engines suchas Google Scholar. The searches were performed without any time limit until May 2016. The results were pooledusing a random effects model and homogeneity was confirmed using the Q test and I2 index. Subgroup analyses wasperformed according to continents and study designs. The data were analyzed using STATA software version 3.2, withpfinal meta-analysis. The main age range of the participants was 50 to 70 years. The relative risks (RR) for total calciumwith total prostate cancer, localized prostate cancer, and advance prostate cancer were estimated to be 1.15 (95% CI:1.04-3.46), 1.05 (95% CI: 0.96-1.14), and 1.15 (95% CI: 0.89-1.50), respectively. Only the relationship between totalcalcium and total prostate cancer was significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: High calcium intake can be considered as arisk factor for total prostate cancer. Therefore, calcium intake might be a target for prevention.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63261_8e14694a55b7c045f42b1d1a537f0518.pdf
2018-06-01
1449
1456
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1449
Calcium
Prostate Cancer
systematic review and meta-Analysis
Shoboo
Rahmati
shoboorahmati2014@gmail.com
1
Faculty of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
AUTHOR
Milad
Azami
milad98azami@gmail.com
2
Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Delpisheh
alidelpisheh@yahoo.com
3
Faculty of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Hafezi Ahmadi
reza.ahmadi56@yahoo.com
4
Department of Pathobiology, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
AUTHOR
Koroush
Sayehmiri
sayehmiri@razi.tums.ac.ir
5
Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Calotroposid A: a Glycosides Terpenoids from Calotropis gigantea Induces Apoptosis of Colon Cancer WiDr Cells through Cell Cycle Arrest G2/M and Caspase 8 Expression
Objective: This study aims to isolate the active anticancer compound from ethyl acetate fraction extracted fromthe roots of Calotropis gigantea and to determine the operating mechanism of the isolates towards WiDr colon cancercells. Methods: the isolation was conducted by using bioassay guided isolation approach method. The cytotoxicpotential was determined by using MTT method. The chemical structure was identified by using UPLCMS/MS andNMR-1H spectroscopy. The cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction were determined by flow cytometry method.The expression of caspase-8 was determined by immunocytochemistry method. Results: The results showed thatthe active compounds are obtained calotroposid A compound which is glycosides terpenoids. Calotroposide Ais capable of inhibiting the growth of WiDr colon cancer cells at IC50 17.23μg/ml. Cell apoptosis induction took placeand was indicated by cell apoptosis increase, S and G2/M accumulation and by caspase-8 expression. Conclusion:Calotroposide A induces anticancer activity against WiDr colon cancer cells by means of apoptosis induction mechanismthrough extrinsic pathway with increased expression of caspase-8.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63270_60f188eaa5b96156ebfabe919b23c337.pdf
2018-06-01
1457
1464
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1457
Calotropis gigantea
calotroposid A
Apoptosis
WiDr cell line
cell cycle arrest
Roihatul
Mutiah
roiha@farmasi.uin-malang.ac.id
1
Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang, Indonesia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Aty
Widyawaruyanti
aty_ww@yahoo.com
2
Departement of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
AUTHOR
Sukardiman
Sukardiman
sukardiman@ff.unair.ac.id
3
Departement of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Prevalence and Associated Factors among Women in the South African General Population
Purpose: The aims of the study were to estimate the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer screening amongwomen in the South African general population and assess associated factors. Methods: Data from a national populationbasedcross-sectional household survey in South Africa in 2012 for 10,831 women aged 30+ years were analysed usingbivariate and multivariable logistic regression. The outcome variables were cervical cancer screening (Papanicolaousmear test) and breast cancer screening (mammography). Exposure variables were sociodemographic factors, lifestylevariables, and chronic conditions. Results: The prevalences of Papanicolaou (PAP) smear test and mammographyparticipation were 52.0% and 13.4%, respectively. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, women with highereducation, those who were non-black African, having medical aid and having chronic conditions were more likely toundergo a Pap smear test and mammography. Living in rural areas was related to a lower likelihood of receiving bothtypes of screening. In addition, undertaking moderate or vigorous physical activity was associated with breast cancerscreening. Conclusion: Screening for cervical cancer was relatively high but for breast cancer it was low, despite thelatter being a major public health problem in South Africa. This may be attributed to the limited availability, affordability,and accessibility of breast cancer screening services among socio-economically disadvantaged individuals There aresome socio-economic disparities in adopting both breast and cervical cancer screening guidelines that could be targetedby interventions.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62705_154be15850a392acdbb7e26acf93fc2c.pdf
2018-06-01
1465
1470
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1465
breast cancer
Cervical cancer
chronic conditions
lifestyle factors
South African women
Nancy
Phaswana-Mafuya
nphaswanamafuya@hsrc.ac.za
1
HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
AUTHOR
Karl
Peltzer
kpeltzer@hsrc.ac.za
2
HIV/AIDS/STIs and TB Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Validation of a Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and Association with Risk of Gastric Cancer: a Case-Control Study
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancerrelateddeaths worldwide. Studies have shown that dietary components and inflammation are implicated in the etiologyof GC. Methods: We examined the ability of a dietary inflammatory index (DII) to predict the odds of GC in a casecontrolstudy conducted from December 2014 to May 2016. The subjects were 82 cases and 95 controls who attendedspecialized centers in Tabriz, Iran. DII scores were computed from a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire.Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, education,smoking, alcohol, H.pylori infection, physical activity, aspirin/NSAID use and total caloric intake. Results: In the fullyadjusted model, subjects with a DII score >-1.77 had nearly 3.5 times higher odds of having GC compared with subjectswith DII≤-1.77, (ORDII>-1.77≤-1.77=3.39; 95%CI=1.59, 7.22). Also, for every one-unit increase in DII, there was acorresponding increase in hs-C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1b: β=0.09, 0.16,0.16 and 0.10, respectively; and a corresponding decrease in IL-10: β=-0.11. Conclusion: Subjects who consumed a morepro-inflammatory diet were at increased odds of GC compared to those who consumed a more anti-inflammatory diet.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62676_2d3107e24041a46ef53d2e4221010e5d.pdf
2018-06-01
1471
1477
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1471
Gastric cancer
Inflammation
Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII)
Inflammatory Factors
Validation of DII
Farhad
Vahid
farhdvahid@outlook.com
1
Department of Nutritional Sciences, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nitin
Shivappa
shivappa@email.sc.edu
2
Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
AUTHOR
Zeinab
Faghfoori
zfaghfoori@gmail.com
3
Food Safety Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Adeleh
Khodabakhshi
khodabakhshiadeleh@yahoo.com
4
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Farid
Zayeri
fzayeri@yahoo.com
5
Proteomics Research Center and Department of Biostatics, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
James
R Hebert
jhebert@mailbox.sc.edu
6
Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
AUTHOR
Sayed Hossein
Davoodi
hdavoodi1345@gmail.com
7
Department of Nutritional Sciences, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prognostic Implication of BCR-ABL Fusion Transcript Variants in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Treated with Imatinib. A First of Its Kind Study on CML Patients of Kashmir
Background: The prognostic significance of the common BCR-ABL transcripts like e13a2 (b2a2) and e14a2(b3a2) in Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has been reported from patients treated with different tyrosine kinaseinhibitors but its impact on clinical response and overall survival remains still unexplored. The aim of this study wasto evaluate the prognostic significance of different transcript types in a cohort of CML patients treated with imatinib.Methods: A total 42 confirmed cases of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients were recruited into our cohortstudy and a multiplex Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction technique (RT-PCR) was used to detect 3 maintranscript types ‘e1a2’, ‘e13a2’, and ‘e14a2’ found in CML. Results: Only two types of transcripts e13a2 (b2a2) ande14a2 (b3a2) were detected in our CML patients and none had the e1a2 type. All the patients were RT-PCR positivefor either e13a2 or e14a2 fusion transcript demonstrating 100% concordance with their Ph+ve cytogenetic status atbaseline. TLC count (range of 201-600x103/μl) and platelet count (range of 201-900x103/μl) at baseline were found tobe associated more with the e14a2 (b3a2) than the e13a2 (b2a2) transcript type (p-value: 0.001). The two transcriptsfound did not relate significantly towards sex, age-group or indicated spleen size ranges as well as percentage rangesof blast cells. Conclusion: We conclude that there is no overall prognostic implication of either the e13a2 or the e14a2transcript type across the spectrum of indicated clinical parameters evaluated. Even the overall survival analysis of thetwo transcript types revealed no prognostic association whatsoever.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62620_5517f4cd049596ad1aa8fb1c72d3f86a.pdf
2018-06-01
1479
1485
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1479
BCR-ABL
Chronic myeloid leukemia
imatinib
survival
RT-PCR
Niyaz A
Azad
sazad.niyaz6@yahoo.com
1
Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
AUTHOR
Zafar A
Shah
azad.niyaz6@gmail.com
2
Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Arshad A
Pandith
arshaajiz@gmail.com
3
Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
AUTHOR
Mosin S
Khan
mosinhasan123@yahoo.com
4
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
AUTHOR
Roohi
Rasool
roohirasool@gmail.com
5
Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
AUTHOR
Javed
Rasool
javedrasool4@gmail.com
6
Department of Clinical Hematology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
AUTHOR
Shiekh A
Aziz
skejaz3456@gmail.com
7
Department of Medical Oncology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Body Image of Women Submitted to Breast Cancer Treatment
Background: The study of body image includes the perception of women regarding the physical appearance oftheir own body. The objective of the present study was to verify the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction and itsassociated factors in women submitted to breast cancer treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out with103 female residents of the municipality of Natal (Northeast Brazil), diagnosed with breast cancer who had undergonecancer treatment for at least 12 months prior to the study, and remained under clinical monitoring. The variable bodyimage was measured through the validated Body Image Scale (BIS). Socioeconomic variables and clinical history werealso collected through an individual interview with each participant. The Pearson’s chi-squared test (Fisher’s Exact)was utilized for bivariate analysis, calculating the prevalence ratio with 95% confidence interval. Poisson regressionwith robust variance was utilized for multivariate analysis. The statistical significance considered was 0.05. Results:The prevalence of body image dissatisfaction was 74.8% CI (65%-82%). Statistically significant associations wereobserved between body image and multi-professional follow-up (p=0.009) and return to employment after treatment(p=0.022). Conclusion: It was concluded that women who reported employment after cancer treatment presented morealterations in self-perception concerning their appearance. Patients who did not receive multi-professional follow-upreported negative body image, evidencing the need for strategies that increase and improve healthcare, aiming to meetthe demands of this population.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63487_21908d5a29696eb27870a3fc88c3b3ad.pdf
2018-06-01
1487
1493
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1487
Oncology
Breast Neoplasms
body image
public health
Women
Thais Sousa Rodrigues
Guedes
thais.sousarodrigues@gmail.com
1
Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Northeast Brazil, Brazil.
AUTHOR
Nayara Priscila
Dantas de Oliveira
nayoliveira.fisio@gmail.com
2
Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Northeast Brazil, Brazil.
AUTHOR
Ayrton Martins
Holanda
ayrtonmh@gmail.com
3
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Northeast Brazil, Brazil.
AUTHOR
Mariane Albuquerque
Reis
marimedreis@gmail.com
4
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Northeast Brazil, Brazil.
AUTHOR
Clécia Patrocínio da
Silva
cleciapatrocinio@gmail.com
5
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Northeast Brazil, Brazil.
AUTHOR
Bárbara Layse
Rocha e Silva
barbara_layse@hotmail.com.br
6
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Northeast Brazil, Brazil.
AUTHOR
Marianna de Camargo
Cancela
cancelam@gmail.com
7
Division of Population Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Brazil.
AUTHOR
Dyego Leandro Bezerra
da Souza
dysouz@yahoo.com.br
8
Department of Collective Health, Graduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Northeast Brazil, Brazil.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Do Exposure to Arsenic, Occupation and Diet have Synergistic Effects on Prostate Cancer Risk?
Background: Diverse environmental exposures, as well as dietary and lifestyle factors, are associated with prostatecancer (PC) etiology; however little is known about joint interactive influences. The aim of this study was to analyseeffects of diet combined with arsenic in drinking water and agricultural occupation on PC risk. Methods: A case-controlstudy was conducted in Córdoba, Argentina (period 2008-2015) including 147 cases of PC and 300 controls. All subjectswere interviewed about food consumption, socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics. A sample of drinking waterwas taken to determine arsenic concentrations. Adherence scores to the Traditional Dietary Pattern were estimated, basedon a principal component factor analysis. A two-level logistic regression model was fitted in order to assess effects ofthe Traditional Pattern, occupation and arsenic exposure on the occurrence of PC (outcome). Family history of PC wasconsidered as a clustering variable. Results: PC risk was greatest in subjects with high adherence to the Traditional Pattern(OR 2.18; 95%IC 1.097–4.344). Subjects exposed to arsenic in drinking water above 0.01mg/l who simultaneouslyperformed agricultural activities showed a markedly elevated PC risk (OR 5.07; 95%IC 2.074-12.404). Variance ofthe random effect of family history of PC was significant. conclusion: Diet, arsenic and occupation in agriculture exertsignificant effects on PC risk. Further efforts are necessary to analyse risk factors integrally, in order to achieve a betterunderstanding of the complex causal network for PC in this multiple-exposure population.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63274_d07f65eeed278e917700162ab1229543.pdf
2018-06-01
1495
1501
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1495
Prostate Cancer
DIETARY PATTERNS
ARSENIC
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
CÓRDOBA-ARGENTINA
María Dolores
Román
mdroman@fcm.unc.edu.ar
1
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
AUTHOR
Camila
Niclis
cniclis@fcm.unc.edu.ar
2
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
AUTHOR
Laura Rosana
Aballay
laballay@fcm.unc.edu.ar
3
Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
AUTHOR
María Josefina
Lantieri
josefina.lantieri@gmail.com
4
Instituto de Biología Celular Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
AUTHOR
María ِDel Pilar
Díaz
pdiaz@fcm.unc.edu.ar
5
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
AUTHOR
Sonia Edith
Muñoz
sonian2t@gmail.com
6
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Talin-1 and Midkine as Tumor Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian Patients
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a main cause of cancer death all over the world. Treatment andoutcome of HCC based on its early diagnosis. This study was conducted to estimate the role of talin-1 and midkine incombination with total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as tumor markers in HCC patients. Methods: Serum levels of talin-1and midkine were measured in 90 Egyptian subjects including 44 patients with HCC, 31patients with cirrhosis and 15healthy controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. While a colorimetric method was usedfor measurement of TAC. Results: Serum talin-1 in HCC patients was significantly lower than that in patients withcirrhosis (P<0.001) and normal control (P<0.001). In addition, increased invasion and metastasis correlated with reducedtalin-1 level. Serum midkine in HCC patients was significantly higher compared to cirrhotic patients (P<0.001) andnormal control (P<0.001). Midkine at a cut off value of 1683 pg/ml showed a sensitivity of (81.82%) and specificity of(83.87%). While alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) at a cut off value of 200 ng/ml had a sensitivity of (52.27%), while specificitywas (96.77%). Midkine was positive in 80.9% of HCC patients with negative AFP. Serum TAC was significantlydecreased in HCC patients when compared with control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Talin-1 may be implicatedin the carcinogenesis and metastasis of HCC and can be used as a useful tumor marker for HCC. Midkine may be apotential diagnostic marker for HCC and may be used in addition to AFP to increase the sensitivity of HCC detection.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62678_0c8a845cb58b4f1ae482a7210905ad99.pdf
2018-06-01
1503
1508
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1503
Talin-1
Midkine
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Alpha-fetoprotein
Total Antioxidant Capacity
Aya H
Mashaly
ayamashaley@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rokiah
Anwar
rokiahanwar@gmail.com
2
Department of Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology and Hepatology unit), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Ebrahim
drmohamedawad@gmail.com
3
Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Laila A
Eissa
lailaeissa2002@yahoo.com
4
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mamdouh M
El-Shishtawy
mshisht@mans.edu.eg
5
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Knowledge, Decision-Making and Acceptance of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination among Parents of Primary School Students in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
Background: The incidence of cervical cancer in younger women remains high. This is worrisome as it affectsfuture generations. Therefore Malaysia implements human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination as a national vaccinationprogram. Parents play an important role in determining the success of this HPV vaccination program among schoolagedgirls by their compliance. Objective: To assess parental knowledge, decision-making and acceptance of HPVvaccination. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 280 randomly selected parents of primaryschool students aged 11 in Kota Bharu using a pre-validated self-administered questionnaire to assess knowledge anddecision-making with regard to HPV vaccination. Results: Most parents (62%) were shown to have poor knowledgewhile most decision-making was shared. Age of respondents (adjusted odds ratio ‘AOR’= 1.09; 95% confidence interval‘CI’= 1.04-1.14; p <0.001) and good knowledge of HPV vaccination (AOR= 16.32; 95% CI= 7.32-36.4; p <0.001) weresignificantly associated with HPV vaccine acceptance. Conclusion: The majority of parents exhibited poor knowledgewhich may affect their decision-making and uptake of HPV vaccination among their children. This highlights the needto better educate parents on HPV vaccination.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63280_e3305c040b37ed158bffe273916466a4.pdf
2018-06-01
1509
1514
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1509
HPV vaccination
Knowledge
Decision Making
acceptance
Parents
Mastura
Mohd Sopian
mastura_sopian@usm.my
1
Oncology and Radiology Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, University Sains Malaysia (USM), Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Juwita
Shaaban
juwita@usm.my
2
Department of Family Medicine, University Sains Malaysia (USM), Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
Siti Suhaila
Mohd Yusoff
drsuhaila@usm.my
3
Department of Family Medicine, University Sains Malaysia (USM), Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
Wan Mohd Zahiruddin
Wan Mohammad
drzahir@usm.my
4
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia (USM), Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Leukocyte Telomere Length Shortening, hTERT Genetic Polymorphisms and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Background: Telomeres are involved in chromosomal stability, cellular immortality and tumorigenesis. Humantelomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is essential for the maintenance of telomere DNA length. Recently, a variabletandem-repeats polymorphism, MNS16A, located in the downstream region of the TERT gene, was reported to havean effect on TERT expression and telomerase activity. Previous studies have linked both relative telomere length(RTL) and TERT variants with cancer. Therefore, we evaluated associations between RTL, TERT gene polymorphisms(hTERT, rs2735940 C/T and MNS16A Ins/Del) and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in an Iranianpopulation. Methods: RTL was determined by a multiplex quantitative PCR-based method, and variants of the hTERT,rs2735940 C/T and MNS16A Ins/Del, were genotyped by amplification refractory mutation system PCR (ARMS-PCR),and PCR, respectively. Results: Our results indicated that RTL was shorter in ALL patients (1.53±0.12) compared tothe control group (2.04±0.19) (P=0.029). However, no associations between hTERT gene variants or haplotypes andthe risk of childhood ALL were observed (P>0.05). Also hTERT polymorphisms were not associated with RTL orpatient clinicopathological characteristics, including age (P=0.304), sex (P=0.061) organomegally (P=0.212) CSFinvolvement (P=0.966) or response to treatment (P=0.58). Conclusions: We found that telomere attrition may berelated to the pathogenesis of childhood ALL, irrespective to TERT variants.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63275_e41c358ffd01fbf2fc0f12670d849d3d.pdf
2018-06-01
1515
1521
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1515
Telomere Length
TERT genetic polymorphisms, Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Ebrahim
Eskandari
eenasab@yahoo.com
1
Genetics of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Hashemi
saeid.ghavami@gmail.com
2
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Majid
Naderi
majid_naderi2000@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Bahari
saeid.ghavami@gmail.com
4
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Vahid
Safdari
safdari_vahid@yahoo.com
5
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Taheri
amirt112@yahoo.com
6
Genetics of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Family Intervention Based on the FOCUS Program Effects on Cancer Coping in Iranian Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Control Trial
Background: Breast cancer affects patients’ lives. Many breast cancer patients have problems with coping andthey need support from their families. Family involvement based on the FOCUS program is designed to support breastcancer survivors within their families. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family involvement basedon the FOCUS program on coping in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in academic centers in Urmiain 2016. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial study, sixty breast cancer survivors were randomly assignedinto intervention (N=30) and control (N=30) groups. The FOCUS program family-based intervention featured sixsessions covering subject areas of family involvement, optimism, cancer coping, uncertainty reduction and symptommanagement. The instruments used were demographic and cancer coping questionnaires. Data were analyzed withSPSS 20 software. Result: The findings revealed a significant improvement in total cancer coping scores (t= -12/39,p<0.001), in all subscales including individual (t= -11/52, p<0.001), positive focus (t= -7/03, p<0.001), coping (t=-7/28, p<0.001), diversion (t= -11/76, p<0.001), planning (t=-4/91, p<0.001) and in interpersonal (t=-11/14, p<0.001).No significant changes were observed for the control group. Conclusion: The results showed that family involvementbased on the FOCUS program increases the ability to cope in breast cancer survivors.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_59837_725df8b4a2fb0fdde74c1a180224e32b.pdf
2018-06-01
1523
1528
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1523
breast cancer
coping
Family Supporty
Fatemeh Moghaddam
Tabrizi
fmtabrizi@gmail.com
1
Nursing and Midwifery Department, Reproductive Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
AUTHOR
Saeedeh
Alizadeh
saeeideh.alizadeh@gmail.com
2
Student Research Center affiliated, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Predictive Value of Hematological Inflammatory Markers in Endometrial Neoplasia
Objective: To investigate the predictive role of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet lymphocyte ratio(PLR) as hematological inflammatory markers in cases of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. Material and Method:This retrospective study was performed between 2005-2015 with 247 cases of 83 endometrial adenocarcinoma (group1), 64 of endometrial hyperplasia (group 2) and 100 controls (group 3) who underwent a curettage due to abnormaluterine bleeding and had a normal histopathology in our tertiary clinic. The cases were chosen from patients withoutchronic diseases, that do not have infection or medication that could affect the systemic inflammatory response. Preinterventionblood parameters were taken into account. The neutrophil/ lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratios wereand statistical comparisons of the groups were conducted. Results: The age distribution of 247 patients was between26 and 85 years, and the mean age was 48.8 ± 8.92.The median age was 54 in group 1, 46 in group 2 and 45 in group 3.The age was significant between group 1 and the other groups (p=0.001). Some 71% of the cases were premenopausaland 29% were postmenopausal, the latter being significantly more frequent in group 1 (62.7%; p=0.001). Of the caseswith endometrial hyperplasia, 42 (65.6%) had simple and 22 (34.4%) have atypical-complex lesions. The medianNLRs in groups 1, 2, and 3 were 2.15, 2.10, and 1.92, respectively, with median PLRs of 135.1, 134.0 and 145.6.There was a statistically significant difference between the NLR measurements of the cases from different groups(p=0.048; p<0.05). The NLR value for the endometrial adenocarcinoma group was significantly higher than for thecontrol group (p=0.033; p<0.05). The optimum cut-off value was calculated to be ≥4, at which sensitivity was 20.5%,specificity 99%, positive predictive value (PPV) 94.4% and negative predictive value (NPV) 60%. Conclusion: Thevalue of NLR ≥4 has predictive significance in distinguishing endometrial pathologies before intervention in patientswith abnormal uterine bleeding. Simple, cheap and easy-to-perform, the NLR can be used as a potential hematologicalmarker for endometrial malignancy.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62706_2c1825fb895ba505477947cd43204ae5.pdf
2018-06-01
1529
1532
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1529
Endometrial cancer
neutrophile lymphocyte ratio
platelet lymphocyte ratio
Besim Haluk
Bacanakgil
bhalukb@gmail.com
1
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Turkey.
AUTHOR
Isik
Kaban
drisikkaban81@gmail.com
2
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Turkey.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fehmi
Unal
unal.fehmi@gmail.com
3
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Turkey.
AUTHOR
Rabia
Guven
scientrabia@gmail.com
4
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Turkey.
AUTHOR
Ece
Sahin
dr.ecesahin@gmail.com
5
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Turkey.
AUTHOR
Sezgi Gullu
Yildirim
yilsez@gmail.com
6
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, Turkey.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cancer Incidence in Kerman Province, Southeast of Iran: Report of an ongoing Population-Based Cancer Registry, 2014
Introduction: The epidemiology of common cancers in Kerman province, southeast of Iran, was assessed basedupon results of the Kerman Population-Based Cancer Registry Program (KPBCR). Methods: in this retrospective study,all patients diagnosed with primary cancers and registered with the KPBCR were included. New cancer cases registeredfrom 2014 were identified from pathological labs, medical reports of 48 health facilities providing cancer diagnosis ortreatment services and the national death registry program. Data for patients who were referred to neighboring provincesto access health services were also collected from national referral registries. Results from autopsies was additionallyextracted from regional forensic and legal medicine centers and added to the registry periodically. Age standardizedincidence rates (ASRs) per 100,000 person-years for all cancers were computed, using direct-standardization and CanRegmethodology. Mortality to incidence (M:I) ratios and microscopically verified (MV) proportions were calculated asquality measures. Results: A total of 2,838 cases of cancer were registered in Kerman province, 2014. Of these 45. 6%involved women (n=1,293). Individuals aged 60-64 years represented the largest proportion (11.6%) of the total cancerprevalence, followed by those aged 55-59 years (10.86%) and 65-69 years (8.99%). The ASRs for all cancers were155.1 and 118.90 per 100,000, in men and women, respectively. In women, breast (ASR: 26.4), skin (ASR: 13.0),thyroid (ASR: 9.2), leukemia (ASR: 8.0) and colorectal (ASR: 7.70) were the most common cancers. In men, bladder(ASR: 24.70), skin (ASR: 16.80), lung (ASR: 14.6), leukemia (ASR: 14.50), and stomach (ASR: 10.8) were found tobe the most frequent. Conclusion: This study provided latest evidence on epidemiology of cancer in the southeast ofIran that could be used to empower prevention and control interventions in a developing country.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62674_eb50023df4b5a76c75011e719e8bf4e5.pdf
2018-06-01
1533
1541
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1533
population-based
cancer registry
Southeast of Iran
Kerman
Armita
Shahesmaeili
a.shahesmaeili@gmail.com
1
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Reza
Malekpour Afshar
malekpour@kmu.ac.ir
2
Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Azadeh
Sadeghi
azadeh_sadeghi87@yahoo.com
3
Kerman Population-Based Cancer Registry Program, Deputy of Health,, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Azam
Bazrafshan
bazrafshan.a.83@gmail.com
4
Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Role of Fluconazole Prophylaxis Regimen and the Regimes Chosen by the Patient’s Risk of Fungal Infection in Reducing the Infection Rate after Bone Marrow Transplantation
Objective: Invasive fungal infections (IFI) in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients are common and lethal.Fluconazole was the choice prophylaxis previously, but recent strategy utilization antifungal drugs according to the riskof IFI in patients undergoing transplantation. In this study we aim to evaluate the efficacy of fluconazole prophylaxisregimen and the regimes chosen by the patient’s risk of IFI. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 376 patients withBMT. Patients were divided into those treated before 2012 with fluconazole prophylaxis (group I, n=206) or thoseundergone transplantation after 2012 and received fluconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole prophylaxis accordingtheir risk of fungal infection (group II, n=170). Results: Group I was significantly younger (p=0.007), less smoker(p=0.01), received more autologus transplant (p=0.001) and mostly high risk patient for infection (p<0.001). GroupI had significantly higher duration of fever (p=0.004) and increased WBC (p=0.02), longer length of stay (p=0.001),more proven and less probable fungal infections (p=0.008) and higher hepatic complications (p=0.003). There was nosignificant difference in fungal related and overall mortality rate between groups. Conclusion: The use of prophylaxisbased on risk of fungal infection in patients undergoing BMT results in reduce fungal infections, duration of fever andaccelerate the engraftment and patient discharge.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62753_81ac42245bd06927b5a711b64821d02f.pdf
2018-06-01
1543
1546
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1543
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Prophylaxis
Fungal infection
Mehdi
Pourghasemian
m.pourghasemian@gmail.com
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahshid
Mehdizadeh
mahshid.mehdizadeh@gmail.com
2
Bone Marrow Transplantation Ward, (Ayatollah) Taleghani Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Abbas
Hajfathali
fathali@gmail.com
3
Bone Marrow Transplantation Ward, (Ayatollah) Taleghani Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Afshin
Habibzadeh
afshin.habibzadeh@gmail.com
4
Department of Internal Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossein
Hosseinin
hoseinim@gmail.com
5
Department of Internal Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Potential Role of Bupropion Sustained Release for Cancer-Related Fatigue: a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is very common and can be experienced at all stages of disease and insurvivors. CRF causes patients more distress than pain or nausea and vomiting. Different pharmacologic interventionshave been evaluated for the management of CRF. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of bupropionsustained release (SR) as a treatment for fatigue in patients with cancer. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind,placebo-controlled trial, patients with fatigue due to cancer were randomly assigned to either 150mg daily of bupropionSR or matching placebo. The primary endpoint was the changes in average daily fatigue from baseline to week 4 usingthe Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness-therapy- Fatigue (FACIT-F) questionnaire. Results: 40 patients wererandomly assigned to treatment with bupropion SR or placebo (20 in each group). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)showed a significant improvement in fatigue and quality of life in the bupropion group compared to baseline (P=0.000).Secondary outcome, including depression, severity of fatigue and performance status didn’t show significant differencebetween groups. Generally, bupropion SR was tolerated well. Conclusion: Four weeks of 150 mg bupropion SRimprove fatigue significantly in cancer patients. Bupropion has potential as an effective and safe pharmaceutical agentfor treating CRF.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63276_b9e29c8dbc52ce5ea596fde7189145ec.pdf
2018-06-01
1547
1551
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1547
fatigue
cancer
Bupropion
Clinical trial
Farzaneh
Ashrafi
f_ashrafi@med.mui.ac.ir
1
Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sarah
Mousavi
s.mousavi@pharm.mui.ac.ir
2
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy,, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Karimi
dmok90@yahoo.com
3
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Joint Spatio-temporal Shared Component Model with an Application in Iran Cancer Data
Background: Among the proposals for joint disease mapping, the shared component model has become morepopular. Another advance to strengthen inference of disease data is the extension of purely spatial models to includetime aspect. We aim to combine the idea of multivariate shared components with spatio-temporal modelling in a jointdisease mapping model and apply it for incidence rates of seven prevalent cancers in Iran which together account forapproximately 50% of all cancers. Methods: In the proposed model, each component is shared by different subsetsof diseases, spatial and temporal trends are considered for each component, and the relative weight of these trends foreach component for each relevant disease can be estimated. Results: For esophagus and stomach cancers the Northernprovinces was the area of high risk. For colorectal cancer Gilan, Semnan, Fars, Isfahan, Yazd and East-Azerbaijanwere the highest risk provinces. For bladder and lung cancer, the northwest were the highest risk area. For prostate andbreast cancers, Isfahan, Yazd, Fars, Tehran, Semnan, Mazandaran and Khorasane-Razavi were the highest risk part.The smoking component, shared by esophagus, stomach, bladder and lung, had more effect in Gilan, Mazandaran,Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Kohgilouyeh and Boyerahmad, Ardebil and Tehran provinces, in turn. For overweightand obesity component, shared by esophagus, colorectal, prostate and breast cancers the largest effect was found forTehran, Khorasane-Razavi, Semnan, Yazd, Isfahan, Fars, Mazandaran and Gilan, in turn. For low physical activitycomponent, shared by colorectal and breast cancers North-Khorasan, Ardebil, Golestan, Ilam, Khorasane-Razavi andSouth-Khorasan had the largest effects, in turn. The smoking component is significantly more important for stomachthan for esophagus, bladder and lung. The overweight and obesity had significantly more effect for colorectal than ofesophagus cancer. Conclusions: The presented model is a valuable model to model geographical and temporal variationamong diseases and has some interesting potential features and benefits over other joint models.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63263_50ba932bd8c37866a70700f7c057d6fc.pdf
2018-06-01
1553
1560
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1553
Spatial Statistics
Disease mapping
Bayesian modelling
Shared Component Model
cancer
Behzad
Mahaki
behzad.mahaki@gmail.com
1
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
AUTHOR
Yadollah
Mehrabi
ymehrabi@gmail.com
2
Medical Statistician, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Terhran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Amir
Kavousi
kavousi_am@yahoo.com
3
School of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Terhran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Volker J
Schmid
volker.schmid@lmu.de
4
Department of Statistics Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Challenges in Indian Women’s Readiness to Quit Smokeless Tobacco Use
Introduction: In India, there are few cessation programs for women smokeless tobacco (SLT) users who want to quit.This paper uses Fishbein’s IM model to identify women SLT users’ challenges to quitting and multilevel correlates of“readiness to quit”. Methods: A survey of SLT use among women of reproductive age was conducted in 2010-13 in anurban slum community of Mumbai with a representative sample of 409 married women aged 18 to 40 years using at leastone type of SLT daily. Data were analyzed using frequencies, bivariate statistics and logistic regression. Results: Socialinfluences to continue SLT use included husband’s use (71%), family influence and positive beliefs and norms about use.Pressure to quit from significant others influenced past quit attempts but media had no effect on reported behavior. Fourgroups represented different readiness to quit statues based on intention to quit and past quit/reduce attempts. Seventeenpercent had no intention of quitting or reducing; their husbands were more likely to be tobacco users. Half of (52%)the sample had attempted to quit/reduce tobacco and intended to do so in the future. These women were depressed.Fifteen percent had tried to quit but did not intend to again. Correlates were positive beliefs and norms about SLT andwithdrawal symptoms. Conclusions: Cessation programs should be made available to women, addressing correlates ofwomen’s readiness to quit statuses. Results suggest the need for more complex social/contextual approaches to sustainedcessation of SLT use including addressing depression and withdrawal, improved media messages and campaigns tailoredto women, and support from family members.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63251_88e7b60f449b6d38eed184ee2a673956.pdf
2018-06-01
1561
1569
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1561
India
Women
smokeless tobacco
cessation
polytobacco
Jean J
Schensul
jean.schensul@icrweb.org
1
Institute for Community Research, 2Hartford Square West, Ste 100, Hartford, USA.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shahina
Begum
2
ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai, India.
AUTHOR
Saritha
Nair
3
ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi , India.
AUTHOR
Cheryl
Oncken
4
Hartford Square West, Ste 100, Hartford, 4UCONN Health (Medicine), 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative Analysis of Modified Liquid-Based Cytology and CytoRich Red Preparation in Assessment of Serous Effusion for Cancer Diagnosis
Objective: We aimed to compare the cytomorphological diagnosis in serous effusion and quality of backgroundbetween modified liquid-based cytology (modified-LBC) and CytoRich Red (CRR) preservative. Methods: We usedan experimental study design: 110 fresh serous effusions were received from 50 cases negative for malignant effusionsand 60 cases positive for malignant effusions. All fresh serous effusions were processed using both the CRR solutionand the modified-LBC preparation. Blind sample slides were interpreted for cytomorphological diagnosis and thequality of background by 2 cytotechnologists. Result: All cases had the same diagnosis irrespective of the method.There was no statistically significant difference in the cytological diagnosis between the CRR and modified-LBCpreparations (p>0.999). The quality of the background smear for the CRR preparation was clean (54%), moderate in42%, and poor in 4%. By comparison, the modified-LBC preparation was clean in 46%, moderate in 47%, and poor in7%. The difference between the quality of background smears between the two methods was not statistically significant(p= 0.527). Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnosis or quality of backgroundbetween CRR and modified-LBC preparations. The serous effusion specimen prepared by modified-LBC solution wasless expensive than CRR. The modified-LBC could be an alternative preparation when commercial preparations aretoo expensive.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62797_0aaec9d1a80309712977f651f99015d0.pdf
2018-06-01
1571
1575
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1571
Keywords: Modified liquid-based cytology
CytoRich Red
Cytology
Effusion
Porntip
Jangsiriwitayakorn
prangmeme@gmail.com
1
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
AUTHOR
Natcha
Patarapadungkit
nuapat@kku.ac.th
2
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Surachat
Chaiwiriyakul
cusurac@kku.ac.th
3
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
AUTHOR
Ratchaneekorn
Thongbor
ratcth@kku.ac.th
4
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
AUTHOR
Phannatorn
Sirivech
phannatornso@kku.ac.th
5
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
AUTHOR
Luxkana
Nititarakul
emornph@yahoo.com
6
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
10 Year Biochemical Failure Free Survival of Men with CD82 Positive Primary Circulating Prostate Cells Treated by Radical Prostatectomy
Objective: The biological characteristics of circulating prostate cells (CPCs) are probably more important than theirmere presence. CD82 is a tumor suppressor, we present the outcome of radical prostatectomy (RP) in men with CD82positive CPCs. Methods and Patients: consecutive men treated with RP were studied, age, total PSA, Gleason, stage, thepresence of extra-capsular extension, positive surgical margens and infiltration of the seminal vesicles and lymph nodeswere registered. Biochemical failure was defined as a PSA >0.2ng/ml. Immediately before the RP, 8ml of venous bloodwas taken to detect CPCs. Mononuclear cells were separated using differential gel centrifugation and CPCs identifiedusing immunocytochemistry with anti-PSA and anti-CD82. The men were divided into three groups; 1) CPC (-), 2)CPC (+) CD82 (+) and 3) CPC (+) CD82 (-). The groups were compared with respect to clinical-pathological findingsand biochemical free survival using Kaplan Meier and Cox regression models. Results: 285 men, mean age 65.9 yearsparticipated, 61 (21%) were CPC (-); 57 (20%) were CPC (+) CD82 (+) and 167 (59%) were CPC (+) CD82 (-). Group1 had low grade small volume cancer, in Group 2, low grade but a larger volume than Group 1 and Group 3 high gradecancer. Kaplan Meier biochemical free survival curves at 36, 60 and 120 months were; Group 1 98%, 96% and 90%;for Group 2 93%, 93% and 69% and for Group 3 62%, 44% and 16% respectively. Conclusions: Kaplan Meier survivalcurves for Group 1 and Group 2 were similar, although Group 2 men had higher PSA values, more advanced stagingbut a similar Gleason score. Group 3 men had a worse prognosis. The results support that biological characteristics ofCPCs are more important than their mere presence identifying men with a high risk of biochemical failure.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62798_3c7caf5872a60a7b6374926ad3946558.pdf
2018-06-01
1577
1583
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1577
Prostate Cancer
circulating tumor cells
CD82
biochemical failure
Nigel P
Murray
nigelpetermurray@gmail.com
1
CTC Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Socrates
Aedo
socrates.aedo@gmail.com
2
CTC Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.
AUTHOR
Cynthia
Fuentealba
cynthia_fuentealba_s@yahoo.es
3
Urology Service, Hospital de Carabineros de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
AUTHOR
Eduardo
Reyes
ereyessan@gmail.com
4
Faculty of Medicine University Diego Portales Santiago, Santiago, Chile.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Re-Expression of Bone Marrow Proteoglycan-2 by 5-Azacytidine is associated with STAT3 Inactivation and Sensitivity Response to Imatinib in Resistant CML Cells
Background: Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) is involved in development andprogression of cancers. Re-expression of TSG is inversely proportionate with STAT3 signaling pathways.Demethylation of DNA by 5-Azacytidine (5-Aza) results in re-expression of silenced TSG. Forced expression ofPRG2 by 5-Aza induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Imatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that potently inhibits BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase resulting in hematological remission in CML patients. However, majority of CML patients treatedwith imatinib would develop resistance under prolonged therapy. Methods: CML cells resistant to imatinib weretreated with 5-Aza and cytotoxicity of imatinib and apoptosis were determined by MTS and annexin-V, respectively.Gene expression analysis was detected by real time-PCR, STATs activity examined using Western blot and methylationstatus of PRG2 was determined by pyrosequencing analysis. Result: Expression of PRG2 was significantly higher inK562-R+5-Aza cells compared to K562 and K562-R (p=0.001). Methylation of PRG2 gene was significantly decreasedin K562-R+5-Aza cells compared to other cells (p=0.021). STAT3 was inactivated in K562-R+5-Aza cells which showedhigher sensitivity to imatinib. Conclusion: PRG2 gene is a TSG and its overexpression might induce sensitivity toimatinib. However, further studies are required to evaluate the negative regulations of PRG2 on STAT3 signaling.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63484_d827eabce0daa716a09aeb656ced1542.pdf
2018-06-01
1585
1590
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1585
CML
PRG2
imatinib
5-Azacytidine
STAT3
Hamid Ali Nagi
Al-Jamal
aljamalhamid@unisza.edu.my
1
Diagnostic and Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Compus, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Muhammad Farid
Johan
faridjohan@usm.edu.my
2
Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
Siti Asmaa
Mat Jusoh
asma_sof88@yahoo.com
3
Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
Imilia
Ismail
imilia@unisza.edu.my
4
Diagnostic and Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Compus, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
Wan Rohani
Wan Taib
wanrohani@unisza.edu.my
5
Institute for Community Health Development, Gong Badak Compus, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Loco-regionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors
Background: We conducted this study to contribute to resolving some controversial issues on management ofnasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Thirty-two patients with stage III-IVB nasopharyngeal carcinoma were includedin this retrospective study. All patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy with either 3D conformal radiotherapyor intensity-modulated radiotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed the survival outcome, prognostic factors for survival,and toxicity outcome. Results: The 2- and 5-year overall survival rates were 89.9% and 82.6%. The 2- and 5-yeardistant metastasis-free survival rates were 83.2% and 79.4%. The 2- and 5-year loco-regional recurrence-free survivalrates were 83.3% and 79.5%. Addition of induction chemotherapy to concurrent chemoradiotherapy did not improvesurvival outcomes. The survival benefit of intensity-modulated radiotherapy over 3D conformal radiotherapy was notclear. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy significantly decreased the development of late toxicities compared with 3Dconformal radiotherapy. Total RT dose was prognostic factor for overall, loco-regional recurrence-free, and distantmetastasis-free survival. Temporary RT interruption was prognostic factor for overall survival. Daily RT dose wasprognostic factor for distant metastasis-free survival. Conclusions: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy resulted in highsurvival rates with an acceptable level of toxicities in patients with loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.To confirm the results of this study, well-designed randomized prospective trials are warranted.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63021_f06f26e11473165fe9da4635040aab37.pdf
2018-06-01
1591
1599
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1591
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
radiotherapy
survival
Moonkyoo
Kong
kongmoonkyoo@khu.ac.kr
1
Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yu Jin
Lim
yujindw@gmail.com
2
Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
AUTHOR
Youngkyong
Kim
icarus070@hanmail.net
3
Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison Cure Rate Models by DIC Criteria in Breast Cancer Data
Background: One of the malignant tumors is Breast Cancer (BC) that starts in the cells of breast. There is manymodels for survival analysis of patients such as Cox PH model, Parametric models etc. But some disease are thatall of patients will not experience main event then usual survival model is inappropriate. In addition, In the presence ofcured patients, if researcher can specify distribution of survival time, usually cure rate models are preferable toparametric models. Distribution of Survival time can be Weibull, Log normal, Logistic, Gamma and so. Comparison ofWeibull, Log normal and Logistic distribution for finding the best distribution of survival time is purpose of this study.Material and Methods: Among 787 patients with BC by Cancer Research Center recognized and followed from1985 until 2013. Variables stage of cancer, age at diagnosis, tumor size and Number of Removed Positive LymphNodes (NRPLN) for fitting Cure rate model were selected. The best model selected with DIC criteria. All analysiswere performed using SAS 9.2. Results: Mean (SD) of age was 48.47 (11.49) years and Mean of survival time andMaximum follow up time was 326 and 55.12 months respectively. During following patients, 145 (18.4%) patientsdied from BC and others survived (censored). Also, 1-year, 5-year and 10-year survival rate was 94, 77 and 56 percentrespectively. Log normal model with smaller DIC were selected and fitted. All of mentioned variables in the modelwere significant on cure rate. Conclusion: This study indicated that survival time of BC followed from Log normaldistribution in the best way.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63269_392a334ff60ecac40c9fd1963018048d.pdf
2018-06-01
1601
1606
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1601
Breast Neoplasm
Cancer Research Center
Cure Rate Model
Deviance Information Criteria (DIC)
Survival Analysis
Ahmad Reza
Baghestani
baghestani.r@gmail.com
1
Physiotherapy Research Centre ,Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Parviz
Shahmirzalou
pshkhoei@gmail.com
2
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Soheila
Sayad
sayad@gmail.com
3
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad Esmaeil
Akbari
akbari@gmail.com
4
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Farid
Zayeri
zayeri@gmail.com
5
Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mammographic Density Distribution in Ras Al Khaimah (RAK): Relationships with Demographic and Reproductive Factors
Objective: Mammographic density is an important risk factor for breast cancer and determines to a large extentmammographic screening efficacy. This study aims to provide baseline data for mammographic density profiling ofwomen living in Ras Al Khaimah (RAK) and to identify risk factors associated with high mammographic density.Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to examine a series of 366 mammography cases. The Breast ImagingReporting and Data System (BI-RADS, 5th edition) was used to evaluate mammographic density. Pearson’schi-squared, Mann-Whitney U test and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results:Most participants (67%) fell into BI-RADS b and c mammographic density categories. Of the total sample, womenwho were aged ≤ 45 years (p=0.004, OR=1.9), weighed ≤ 71kg (p=<0.0001, OR=4.8), had a body mass index of ≤ 27kg/m2 (p=<0.0001, OR=5.1) and were of non-Arab descent (p=0.007, OR=1.8) were significantly more likely to havedenser breast tissue. Adjusted ethnicity regression analysis showed that Emirati women were significantly less likely tohave dense breast tissue compared with Western women (p=0.04, OR=0.4). Among the sample of survey participants,increased odds of having mammographic density were among women who were full-time workers (p=0.02, OR=2.8),of Christian faith (p=0.007, OR=4.4), nulliparous (p=0.003, OR=10.8), had three or fewer children (p=0.03, OR=3.8),and had used oral contraceptives for three years or more (p=0.01, OR=6.1). Conclusion: This study indicated thatbecause Emirati women have a low mammographic density profile, screening mammography can be considered as aneffective early detection imaging modality.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62679_3757ebd952e9f2ab0c9799443465c96e.pdf
2018-06-01
1607
1616
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1607
KEYWORDS: Breast cancer
Breast density
mammography
risk factors
Salman M
Albeshan
salb5075@uni.sydney.edu.au
1
Medical Radiation Sciences, Medical Image Optimization and Perception Group (MIOPeG), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Syeda Z
Hossian
zakia.hossain@sydney.edu.au
2
Discipline of Behavioral and Social Sciences in Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
AUTHOR
Martin G
Mackey
martin.mackey@sydney.edu.au
3
Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
AUTHOR
Delgermaa
Demchig
delgermaa.demchig@sydney.edu.au
4
Medical Radiation Sciences, Medical Image Optimization and Perception Group (MIOPeG), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
AUTHOR
Jennifer K
Peat
jennypeat@optusnet.com.au
5
Medical Radiation Sciences, Medical Image Optimization and Perception Group (MIOPeG), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
AUTHOR
Patrick C
Brennan
patrick.brennan@sydney.edu.au
6
Medical Radiation Sciences, Medical Image Optimization and Perception Group (MIOPeG), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Frequency and Predictors of Axillary Lymph Node Metastases in Iranian Women with Early Breast Cancer
Background: Axillary lymph node metastasis is the most important predictive factor for recurrence risk andsurvival in patients with invasive breast carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated withmetastatic involvement of axillary lymph nodes in Iranian women with early breast cancer. Methods: This article reportsa retrospective study of 774 patients with T1-T2 breast cancer who underwent resection of the primary tumor and axillarystaging by SLNB and/or ALND between 2005 and 2015 at our institution. Results: Of the 774 patients included in thisstudy, 35.5% (275 cases) had axillary lymph node involvement at the time of diagnosis. Factors associated with nodalinvolvement in univariate analyses were tumor size, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor grade, ER/PR status andHER2 expression. All factors identified with univariate analyses were entered into a multivariate logistic regressionmodel and tumor size (OR= 3.01, CI 2.01–4.49, P <0.001), ER/PR positivity (OR = 1.74, CI 1.1.16–2.62, P = 0.007)and presence of LVI (OR = 3.3.8, CI 2.31–4.95, P <0.001) remained as independent predictors of axillary lymph nodeinvolvement .Conclusions: In conclusion, the results of this study suggests that positive hormonal receptor status, LVIand tumor size are predictive factors for ALNM in Iranian women with early breast cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63271_c7e71004816380a7849dfa94b3e00a16.pdf
2018-06-01
1617
1620
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1617
breast cancer
axillary lymph node
Lymph node metastasis
Saleh
Sandoughdaran
sandoughdaran@sbmu.ac.ir
1
Department of Radiation Oncology, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mona
Malekzadeh
drmalekzadeh.m@gmail.com
2
Department of Radiation Oncology, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Esmaeil
Akbari
me-akbari@sbmu.ac.ir
3
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Offspring Cancer Needs Instrument (OCNI)
Aim: The offspring cancer needs instrument (OCNI) was developed specifically for assessing unmet psychosocialneeds of adolescents and young adults who have a parent with cancer. The aim of this study is to examine thepsychometric properties of the Persian version of this instrument. Methods: For this methodological study, translationof OCNI into Persian was conducted using translation and back-translation and revision in line with the developerof the instrument. Then, face and content validity, construct validity, internal consistency and stability of the Persianversion of the instrument were examined with a population of 188 adolescents and young people having a parent withcancer in five hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and LISREL 8.5. Results: The finalPersian version of the instrument demonstrated face and content validity proven by expert and participant reviews.Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed construct validity of the instrument and its seven subscales. Cronbach’s alphawas 0.96 for the total instrument and 0.76-0.93 for its seven subscales. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)calculated to evaluate the test-retest reliability, was 0.83. Conclusions: The Persian version of OCNI has acceptablepsychometric properties. It can be used for measuring psychosocial unmet needs in adolescents and young adults inPersian language populations who have a parent with cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62680_11fc471289b477e21ade8fbd8b537bff.pdf
2018-06-01
1621
1626
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1621
Psychometrics
cancer
Adolescent
Parents
young adult
Marjan
Ghofrani
marjan.ghofrani@gmail.com
1
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Lida
Nikfarid
l.nikfarid@sbmu.ac.ir
2
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Manijheh
Nourian
nourianma@gmail.com
3
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Maliheh
Nasiri
malihehnasiri@gmail.com
4
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahindokhat
Sayaddinia
kooch353@yahoo.com
5
Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Characterization and Validation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Xenograft tumor as a Suitable Liver Cancer Model for Preclinical Mesenchymal Stem Cell Studies
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most diagnosed cancer and the third leading causeof cancer-related death. sorafenib is used as a standard therapy to treat HCC. mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)have also been used to suppress HCC. Here we investigate the development of a xenograft model of liver cancer tostudy the homing of hpMSC-GFP cells, tumor kinetics and molecular characterizations of HCC. Methods: To createxenograft models of HCC, HepG2 cell lines were inoculated into the flanks of 9 nude mice bilaterally. Animals werethen divided into three groups: the first group received hpMSC-GFP systemically, the second received intra-tumoralhpMSC-GFP and the third received PBS. The first two groups were sacrificed after 72 hours of MSCs injection butthe third group was followed up for forty days. One tumor from each animal was then transferred to formalin bufferfor H&E staining and immunohistochemistry analysis (KI67 and CD34), and the other tumor was used for ex-vivoimaging. Blood samples were taken from all subjects before sacrificing them. Results: Histopathological fidelity ofheterotopic HePG2 xenograft models to human HCC tumors was demonstrated. Biochemical evaluation suggestedthe health of the animal’s liver and kidneys. Ex-vivo imaging illustrated homing of more hpMSC-GFP cells in tumortissues derived from the group receiving intra-tumoral hpMSC-GFP. Conclusion: A standard method was used toinoculate tumor cells and the intervention was shown to be safe to liver and kidneys. Local injection of MSCs can beused as cell therapy to fight neoplasms.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62681_3dbb906f33634c1fde5434ec323804a6.pdf
2018-06-01
1627
1631
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1627
Hepatocellular carcinoma
sorafenib
human placenta Mesenchymal stem cell
animal model
Saieh
Hajighasemlou
s_ghasemlou@yahoo.com
1
Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Saeedreza
Pakzad
srpakzad@yahoo.com
2
Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Food and Drug Control Laboratory (FDCL), Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Jafar
Ai
jafar_ai@tums.ac.ir
3
Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Samad
Muhammadnejad
s-muhammadnejad@sina.tums.ac.ir
4
Cancer Biology Research Center Tehran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Milad
Mirmoghtadaei
miladmed@gmail.com
5
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, (TUMS),Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Faezeh
Hosseinzadeh
hosseinzadeh1365@gmail.com
6
Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Safoora
Gharibzadeh
safoora.gharibzadeh@gmail.com
7
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Amir
Kamali
amir.kamali2010@yahoo.com
8
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science and Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Akbar
Ahmadi
ahmadia@tums.ac.ir
9
School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science,, tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Javad
Verdi
javad_verdi@yahoo.com
10
Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Lack of Association between Oral Lichen Planus and Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection - a Report from Southeast Iran
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic autoimmune disease with an unknown etiology. Dentistsare usually the first medical practitioners to diagnose this condition although it also affects body parts other thanthe oral mucosa. Several studies have reported an association between the OLP and hepatitis B and C infections.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodiesin patients with OLP compared with healthy controls. Methods: In this case‒control study, 50 patients with clinicaland histopathological characteristics of OLP, and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls supplied serum samples(5 mL) for evaluation by ELISA. Data were analyzed using SPSS Software, version 21. Chi-square test was applied asappropriate. Results: In this study, the 50 patients with OLP (33 females and 17 males) had a mean age of 42.0 ± 14.5years, and the 50 healthy subjects (33 females and 17 males) a mean age of 41.9 ± 13.7 years. None demonstrated anyevidence of HBV antigen or HCV antibodies. Discussion: We could not detect any association between OLP and viralhepatitis. This could be attributed to a lower prevalence of hepatitis viruses compared to other countries or genotypicvariation or other etiological factors contributing in our cases.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62656_b0fca60a24d4f25df65cbafcea88958a.pdf
2018-06-01
1633
1637
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1633
Oral lichen planus
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis B
Tahereh
Nosratzehi
taherehnosratzahi@yahoo.com
1
Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehrab
Raiesi
mehrab.raiesi@yahoo.com
2
General Dentist, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Bahareh
Shahryari
bahareh.shahryari@gmail.com
3
General Dentist, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protein-Protein Interaction Network Analysis of Salivary Proteomic Data in Oral Cancer Cases
Background: Oral cancer is a frequently encountered neoplasm of the head and neck region, being the eight mostcommon type of human malignancy worldwide. Despite improvement in its control, morbidity and mortality rates haveimproved little in the past decades. Therefore, prevention and/or early detection are a high priority. Proteomics withnetwork analysis have emerged as a powerful tool to identify important proteins associated with cancer developmentand progression that can be potential targets for early diagnosis. In the present study, network- based protein- proteininteractions (PPI) for oral cancer were identified and then analyzed for use as key proteins/potential biomarkers.Material and Methods: Gene expression data in articles which focused on saliva proteomics of oral cancer werecollected and 74 candidate genes or proteins were extracted. Related protein networks of differentially expressed proteinswere explored and visualized using cytoscape software. Further PPI analysis was performed by Molecular ComplexDetection (MCODE) and BiNGO methods. Results: Network analysis of genes/proteins related to oral cancer identifiedkininogen-1, angiotensinogen, annexin A1, IL-8, IgG heavy variable and constant chains, CRP, collagen alpha-1 andfibronectin as 9 hub-bottleneck proteins. In addition, based on clustering with the MCODE tool, vitronectin, collagenalpha-2, IL-8 and integrin alpha-v were established as 5 distinct seed proteins. Conclusion: A hub-bottleneck proteinpanel may offer a potential /candidate biomarker pattern for diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer disease. Furtherinvestigation and validation of these proteins are warranted.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62752_14a31cd0b4e71f723f81945e3ab4b3c3.pdf
2018-06-01
1639
1645
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1639
Protein-protein interaction
oral cancer
hub-bottleneck
Cluster
Biomarker
Nasrin
Amiri Dash Atan
nasrinamiri91@gmail.com
1
Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Koushki
mehdikoushki89@gmail.com
2
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Rezaei Tavirani
tavirany@yahoo.com
3
Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Nayeb Ali
Ahmadi
nayebalia@sbmu.ac.ir
4
Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Trends in Lung Cancer Incidence in Delhi, India 1988-2012: Age-Period-Cohort and Joinpoint Analyses
Introduction: Lung cancer (LC) has been one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, both in termsof new cases and mortality. Exponential growth of economic and industrial activities in recent decades in the Delhiurban area may have increased the incidence of LC. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the time trendaccording to gender. Method: LC incidence data over 25 years were obtained from the population based urban Delhicancer registry. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied for evaluating the time trend of age-standardized incidencerates. The age-period-cohort (APC) model was employed using Poisson distribution with a log link function and theintrinsic estimator method. Results: During the 25 years, 13,489 male and 3,259 female LC cases were registered,accounting for 9.78% of male and 2.53% of female total cancer cases. Joinpoint regression analysis revealed that LCincidence in males continued to increase during the entire period, a sharp acceleration being observed starting from2009. In females the LC incidence rate remained a plateau during 1988-2002 and thereafter increased. The cumulativerisks for 1988-2012 were 1.79% and 0.45%. The full APC (IE) model showed best fit for an age-period-cohort effecton LC incidence, with significant increase with age peaking at 70-74 years in males and 65-69 years in females. Arising period effect was observed after adjusting for age and cohort effects in both genders and a declining cohort effectwas identified after controlling for age and period effects. Conclusion: The incidence of LC in urban Delhi showedincreasing trend from 1988-2012. Known factors such as environmental conservation, tobacco control, physical activityawareness and medical security should be implemented more vigorously over the long term in our population.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63253_af542fd393cf555d72a59180afdd7208.pdf
2018-06-01
1647
1654
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1647
Lung cancer
Incidence
Population based cancer registry
Annual percentage change
Rajeev Kumar
Malhotra
rajeev.kumar.malhotra@gmail.com
1
Delhi Cancer Registry, New Delhi, India.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nalliah
Manoharan
nmano67@yahoo.com
2
Delhi Cancer Registry, New Delhi, India.
AUTHOR
Omana
Nair
dromananair@gmail.com
3
Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B.R.Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
AUTHOR
Suryanarayana
Deo
svsdeo@yahoo.co.in
4
Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (IRCH), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
AUTHOR
Goura Kishor
Rath
gkrath2006@gmail.com
5
Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B.R.Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Non Size Based Morphology Criteria for Assessment of Response in Patients with Liver Metastases of Gastrointestinal Origin Receiving Systemic Treatment
Background and Aim: Liver is the main site of metastases of gastrointestinal cancers, chemotherapy with orwithout targeted therapy is the standard treatment. Radiologic assessment of tumor response is usually done bythe use of Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) criteria. RECIST depends on tumor size changes butit does not address morphologic changes as overall attenuation, enhancement and tumor liver interface changes whichmay shown early before tumor size changes. We aimed to evaluate use of contrast enhanced computed tomography(CECT) new morphologic criteria in assessment of response in patients with hepatic metastases of gastrointestinalorigin. Methods: This study was carried out by cooperation between Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine andRadiodiagnosis Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University. During the period from April 2015 to December2016 forty patients with stage IV gastrointestinal cancers with hepatic metastases were included, CECT was donebefore and after systemic treatment, response evaluation was done by RECIST 1.1 and morphology response criteriac.Results: By RECIST, partial response (PR) observed in 57.5%, stable disease (SD) 22.5% and progressive disease (PD)in 20% of patients compared to Optimal response 42.5%, incomplete response 35% and no response in 22.5% of patientsby Morphologic response criteria. Regarding survival, patients with PR had median survival of 20 months (95% CI,17.988 to 22.012months) versus 11 months (95% CI, 1.235 to 8.580 months) in SD or PD by RECIST, (P=.002). whileby morphology response criteria the median overall survival of optimally responded patients 23 months (95% CI, 20.04to 27.81months) versus 16 months (95% CI, 5.590 to 5.044 months) in patients with incomplete or no morphologicresponse (P=.001). Conclusion: Morphologic response criteria are accurate method for assessment of response ofhepatic metastases and correlated well with patients’ survival and better to be incorporated to treatment evaluation.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63473_09729e73c24400e142701f9ed2ff933c.pdf
2018-06-01
1655
1660
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1655
Liver
Metastases
morphology
Response
Criteria
Alshimaa
Alhanafy
alshimaa_alhanafy@yahoo.com
1
Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben Elkom, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed Shawky
Abdullah
m.shawky76@yahoo.com
2
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben Elkom, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hala
Hafez
hala-hafez@yahoo.com
3
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben Elkom, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hanem
Abbas
hanem-abbas@yahoo.com
4
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheben Elkom, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of Depression and Anxiety in Breast Cancer Patients: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Introduction: Having breast cancer or receiving treatment has been seen as a traumatic experience for women dueto its impacts on their self-image and sexual relationship, and may lead to an psychological reactions such as denial,anger, or intense fear toward their disease and treatment process. Also many of breast cancer patients have psychiatricmorbidities such as depression and anxiety. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence andassociated factors of depression and anxiety in breast cancer patients, in order to identify independent predictors of mentalhealth disorders risk. Material and Methods: A cohort of 152 breast cancer patients who were attending an outpatientoncology department was recruited. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire consisted by social, clinicaland demographic information and PHQ-2 and GAD-2 scales. Results: The mean age of the patients was 53.25 years(SD=12.10), 69.7% of the patients underwent mastectomy and 30.3% ongectomy. Chemotherapy received 46.1% ofpatients as adjuvant therapy, 15.8% radiotherapy and 38.2% received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A largepercentage found to be classified as depressed (38.2%) and anxious (32.2%) and factors that found to be associatedwere age, marital status, educational level, stage of cancer from univariate analyses and place of residence, religion,symptoms burden from multivariate analysis (for depression and anxiety). Conclusions: Breast cancer patients arein high risk for developing psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Being rural resident, non-OrthodoxChristian and experiencing extend symptom burden can be predicting factors associated with depression and anxietyin breast cancer patients.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63340_65e9b061e8a739c81253f44fa119b89e.pdf
2018-06-01
1661
1669
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1661
Psychological distress
depression
Anxiety
breast cancer
Predictors
Konstantinos
Tsaras
ktsa@teilar.gr
1
Department of Nursing, Technological Educational Institute of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ioanna V
Papathanasiou
iopapathanasiou@yahoo.gr
2
Department of Nursing, Technological Educational Institute of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
AUTHOR
Dimitroula
Mitsi
mdimitra21@yahoo.gr
3
General Hospital of Athens “Elpis”, Athens, Greece.
AUTHOR
Aikaterini
Veneti
kater3st@yahoo.gr
4
Oncology Hospital of Thessaloniki “Theagenio”, Thessaloniki, Greece.
AUTHOR
Martha
Kelesi
mkel@teiath.gr
5
Department of Nursing, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Athens, Greece.
AUTHOR
Sofia
Zyga
zygas@spa.forthnet.gr
6
Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece.
AUTHOR
Evangelos C
Fradelos
evagelosfradelos@hotmail.com
7
Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Factors Predictive of Quality of Life among Breast Cancer Patients
Background: Due to progress in medical care, the number of survivors from cancer has increased significantlyduring recent years and this raises the question of the quality of life (QoL), especially of the many women treatedfor a breast cancer. This paper focuses on correlations of QoL with anxiety and depression on the one hand and withsocio demographic, anatomo-clinical and therapeutic parameters on the other. Methods: In this cross-sectional study,seventy patients were enrolled and filled in two auto-questionnaires, both in validated Arabic versions: The SF-36 forassessment of QoL and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD-S) for evaluation of anxiety and depression.The statistical approaches used to determine predictive factors were bivariate correlations to determine relationshipsbetween quantitative variables, and T-tests and one-way Anova to analyze links between qualitative and quantitativevariables. Results: The QoL of patients was altered with an SF-36 mean total score of 54.0 ± 22.7, and the alterationaffects the different aspects. The mean scores for anxiety and depression in patients were 6.91 ± 4.72 and 6.24 ± 3.88,respectively. The results of this study suggested an association between the QoL and chemotherapy (p= 0.014) and itsadverse effects (p=0.01), as well as anxiety (p= 0.0001) and depressive symptoms (p= 0.0001). Socio-demographicfactors, the stage of the cancer, and surgery, radiotherapy or hormone therapy did not appear to have significanteffects. Conclusion: The management of breast cancer patients needs a collaborative approach between oncologists,gynecologists, psychologist and psychiatrists.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63277_c4f54bcd3fda036cc992c3dac834fb8d.pdf
2018-06-01
1671
1675
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1671
breast cancer
Quality of Life
Anxiety
depression
Amira
Daldoul
amira.krir@outlook.com
1
Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Wieme
Khechine
khechinewieme@yahoo.fr
2
Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Hanene
Bhiri
bhanene@yahoo.fr
3
Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Nouha
Ammar
nouhaammar@hotmail.com
4
Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Rym
Bouriga
bokdxsdm@yahoo.fr
5
Department of Medical Oncology, Farhat Hached University Hospital of Sousse, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Moahamed Wassim
Krir
wassim.krir@outlook.com
6
Department of Psychiatry, Principal Military Hospital of Instruction, Tunis, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Said
Soltani
soltanisaid@yahoo.fr
7
Department of Radiotherapy, Farhat Hached University Hospital of Sousse, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Olfa
Zoukar
olfamainsi@yahoo.fr
8
Department of Gynecology, El Omrane University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Mohamed Salah
Rhim
salahrhim@yahoo.fr
9
Department of Gynecology, El Omrane University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Sarra
Bouslah
sarrabous@outlook.com
10
Department of Child Psychiatry, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Sabrine
Dimassi
sabrinedimas@yahoo.fr
11
Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Ibtissem
Abbess
abbessib@yahoo.fr
12
Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Zahra
Saidani
saidanizahra@yahoo.fr
13
Department of Gynecology, El Omrane University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
Sonia
Zaied
zaiedsonia@outlook.com
14
Department of Medical Oncology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Tunisia.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Factors Affecting Long-Survival of Patients with Esophageal Cancer Using Non-Mixture Cure Fraction Model
Objective: Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the gastrointestinal malignancies with a very high morbidity andmortality rate due to poor prognosis. This study aims to assess the effects of risk factors on survival and cure fraction ofpatients with EC in a population of Iranian patients using a non-mixture cure fraction model. Methods: This retrospectivecohort study was conducted on 127 patients with EC who were diagnosed during 2009-2010 and were followedup for 5 years in East-Azarbaijan, Iran. Stepwise selection and non-mixture cure fraction model were used to findthe risk factors of EC survival patients. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) diagnosis age of the EC was66.92(±11.95). One, three and five-year survival probabilities were 0.44 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36-0.54),0.2 (95% CI: 0.14-0.28) and 0.13 (95% CI: 0.08-0.2) respectively. Female sex (Estimate=-0.99; 95% confidence interval(CI): -1.41,-0.58; p-value<0.001), low level socioeconomic status (Estimate=0.39; 95%CI: 0.12,0.66; p-value=0.043),the group who did not do esophagectomy surgery (Estimate=0.58; 95%CI: 0.17,0.99; p-value=0.005) and unmarriedgroup (Estimate=0.58; 95%CI: 0.11-1.05; p-value=0.015) were found as the significant predictor of survival andcure fraction of the EC patients. Population cure rate was 0.11 (95%CI: 0.07-0.19) and Cure fraction was estimated5.11 percent. Conclusion: This study found gender, socioeconomic status, Esophagectomy surgery and marital statusas the potential risk factors for survival and cure fraction of Iranian EC patients. Moreover, non- mixture cure fractionprovides more accurate and more reliable insight into long-term advantages of EC therapy compared to standard classicsurvival analysis alternatives.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_62644_29366aca6209caef823ffe9fbd16cc55.pdf
2018-06-01
1677
1683
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1677
Esophageal Neoplasms
Survival Analysis
Non-mixture Cure fraction models
Elaheh
Zarean
elahe.zarean.ez@gmail.com
1
Modeling in Health Research Center and School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Azizmohammad Looha
mehdi.looha@gamil.com
2
Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Payam
Amini
payam.amini87@gmail.com
3
Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmood
Mahmoudi
mahmoodim@tums.ac.ir
4
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran.
AUTHOR
Tara
Azimi
tazimi@ualberta.ca
5
School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Potential Prophylactic Effect of Berberine against Rat Colon Carcinoma Induce by 1,2-Dimethyl Hydrazine
Introduction: Colon Cancer remains one of the major worldwide causes of cancer related morbidity and mortalityin both genders. Berberine (BBR), a major component of alkaloids that possess a variety of pharmacological properties.Objective: This study shows the ameliorating roles of berberine on 1,2 Di methyl hydrazine (DMH) induced coloncancer in male Swiss albino rats. Methods: The rats were segregated into four groups: group 1, control rats; group2, rats were orally received berberine (75 mg/kg b.wt./day) daily for ten weeks; group 3,rats were subcutaneouslyinjected with DMH (20 mg/kg b.wt) once a week for 8 weeks ,group 4, rats were treated firstly with berberine fortwo weeks before DMH intoxication and concurrently with DMH over 8 weeks. Result: DMH injection decreasedthe antioxidants levels (GSH and SOD) and increased inflammatory markers (MPO, MAPK and COX-2). Moreover,it downregulated apoptotic markers (Caspase-3 and P53) expression that confirmed by colon cell proliferation. Theprophylactic effect of berberine was noticed as its pre-and co-administration increased antioxidants status and apoptoticmarkers expression that associated with inflammatory markers down-regulation with absence of proliferated coloncells. Conclusion: Therefore, the overall findings proved that the anti-proliferative effect of berberine return to itsantioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties that activated the programmed cell death process.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63485_1874e150ebc587583af63d8c831dd480.pdf
2018-06-01
1685
1690
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1685
Apoptotic markers
Antioxidant
MAPK
Myeloperoxidase
Cyclooxygenase-2
Ahmed E
Ghareeb
ahmed2shaban2020@gmail.com
1
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Fatma S
M Moawed
fatmasearch5@yahoo.com
2
Biochemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Doaa A
Ghareeb
d.ghareeb@yahoo.com
3
Biological sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Eman I
Kandil
kandil.eman@yahoo.com
4
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Body-Mind Healing Strategies in Patients with Cancer: a Qualitative Content Analysis
Background: Cancer is a major health problem around the world. The use of coping strategies among patientswith cancer depends on several issues. This study was conducted to determine coping strategies used by patientswith cancer in south-east Iran. Methods: This study is a conventional, qualitative content analysis with a descriptiveexplorative approach. Data saturation achieved after interviewing 13 participants in 15 interviews. Using an in-depthindividual semi-structured approach the participants were asked to narrate their experiences of strategies that they used tocope with cancer. The following were considered: unit of analysis, meaning unit, condensation, code, sub-category,category, and main category. Results: Data analysis led to extraction of two main categories of body-mind healingstrategies: being connected to the body and mindfully reconnected to the self. The first category was explained withreference to two sub-categories, being aware of intelligence and body nurturing. The second category was explainedwith the three sub-categories of using embodying knowledge, living for the moment, and being connected to nature.Conclusion: According to the results of this qualitative study, it is possible to form discussion groups with peers or tohave self-reflective practice learning groups to reflect patients’ questions and strategies that they use for body-mindhealing.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63278_8ba3bfabf0292f2fe3e7213a2e9c846f.pdf
2018-06-01
1691
1696
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1691
Body- Mind healing strategies
coping
cancer
content analysis
Nursing
Zohreh
Khoshnood
z.khoshnoud@kmu.ac.ir
1
Nursing Research Center, Razi School, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sedigheh
Iranmanesh
s_iranmanesh@kmu.ac.ir
2
Nursing Research Center, Razi School, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Masoud
Rayyani
masoudrayyani@gmail.com
3
Nursing Research Center, Razi School, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahlegha
Dehghan
m_dehghan86@yahoo.com
4
Nursing Research Center, Razi School, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Camellia Sinensis in the Caco-2 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is widespread across the world. While conventional anticancer treatmentscan help the affected patients, cells of vital organs such as the kidney, lungs, bladder and nervous system maysuffer from side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, so that it is necessary to search for alternatives. From ancienttimes, attention has focused on medicinal plants and natural products. In the current work, Camellia sinensis, whoseleaves are used to produce green tea was evaluated for anticancer effects in cell culture. Materials and Methods:A hydroalcoholic extract of Camellia sinensis young leaves was prepared by percolation and compared with Cisplatinas a known anticancer drug for effects on two cell lines: Caco-2, colon carcinoma cells, and mouse normal fibroblasts(L929). Cytotoxicity of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/ml of Camellia sinensis extract was evaluated by MTT assay andaquaporin 5 (AQP5), detected as a biomarker for surviving cells using immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: MTTassays with hydroalcoholic extract of Camellia sinensis showed considerable inhibition of growth of Caco-2 cells,significant at 800 μg/ml (P<0.05), with little effect on L929 cells. Levels of aquaporin 5 protein decreased in Caco-2cell culture following green tea extract treatment. Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, Camelliasinensis is a medicinal plant with potent anticancer influence which might be specific.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63279_c71d684550a1b46e1c8d3f96c8656773.pdf
2018-06-01
1697
1701
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1697
Tea
Camellia sinensis
Caco-2 Cells
Cisplatin
Aquaporin 5
Maryam
Esghaei
maryam.esghaei@gmail.com
1
Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hadi
Ghaffari
drhadighaffari@gmail.com
2
Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Bahman
Rahimi Esboei
bahman5164@yahoo.com
3
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zienab
Ebrahimi Tapeh
zienabebrahimi.67iran@gmail.com
4
Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Farah
Bokharaei-Salim
bokharaeifarah@gmail.com
5
Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Manijeh
Motevalian
motevalian.m@iums.ac.ir
6
Razi Drug Research Center and Pharmacology Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Muslim Husbands’ Roles in Women’s Health and Cancer: The Perspectives of Muslim Women in Indonesia
Background: Breast and cervical cancers are the most common cause of cancer death among women in the world.These cancers are detectable early, however only a few women participate in cancer screening especially in developingcountries, including Indonesia. Family, culture and religion can influence why women have screening. Husbands, inMuslim families have a significant role in the family’s health including their wife’s reproductive health. However,information about Muslim husbands’ roles in wife’s health especially cancer is limited. Objective: The purpose ofthis study was to determine Muslim husband’s roles in women’s health and cancer from the perspectives of Muslimwomen. Methods: This study was a qualitative study using a descriptive exploratory approach. Purposive samplingwas used to recruit 20 Muslim women, 10 from urban areas and 10 from rural areas of West Java Province, Indonesia.Women were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Data from the interviews were analyzed usingthe Comparative Analysis for Interview technique. Results: The study found two main themes emerged from the analysis:Muslim husbands’ extensive roles in promoting women’s health and Husbands’ have limited actions with regard tocancer screening. This study also found similarities between rural and urban women’s opinions that in general husbandsactively supported promoting women’s health. Conclusion: Muslim husbands focused on encouraging women tohave healthy lifestyles, however, a lack of support from husbands related to cancer screening. This behaviour couldbe a hindrance to Muslim women’s participation in prevention and the early detection of cancer. There is a need toimprove Muslim husbands’ awareness in women’s cancer.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63264_6222fbe6e7cd884ed7425fe19ce4d75e.pdf
2018-06-01
1703
1709
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1703
Muslim husbands’ roles
Perspectives
Women’s health and cancer
Restuning
Widiasih
restuning.widiasih@unpad.ac.id
1
Department of Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Katherine
Nelson
kathy.nelson@vuw.ac.nz
2
Graduate School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
HPV Could be a Potential Factor of Survival in Laryngeal Cancer: a Preliminary Study in Mexican Patients
Introduction: In Head and Neck (HN) cancer, the High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (hr HPV) infection has beenassociated in about 40% of these tumors. The hr HPV infection is one of the etiological factors of several epithelialtumors; however, its association with the prognosis has not yet been established for patients with Laryngeal SquamousCell Carcinoma (LSCC). On the other hand, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a molecular marker widelystudied in cancer and its overexpression has been associated with poor prognosis in some types of cancer, includingthe HN cancer. In the present study, we analyzed EGFR expression and HPV detection in a cohort of Mexican patientswith LSCC and define their association with clinical-pathological and survival parameters. Methods: EGFR expressionanalysis was performed by immunohistochemistry assay. A tissue array was constructed based on 30 paraffin-embeddedtissue samples. HPV detection was performed by PCR. The results were then compared with the clinical-pathologicalvariables and outcome measures (Kaplan Meier and Cox analysis). Results: High expression of EGFR was observedin 43% of the samples and 20% of HPV detection. The statistical analyses provided evidence of disassociation betweenclinical-pathological parameters and EGFR expression, but there was an association with poor prognosis. Interestingly,HPV detection is slightly associated with good prognosis. Conclusion: Both, EGFR overexpression and HPV presencecould be associated with an unfavorable prognosis in patients with LSCC, independently of other clinical-pathologicalfactors.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63254_a1139d00f2e282aaa9cfec3c548a5485.pdf
2018-06-01
1711
1716
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1711
HPV
EGFR
Prognosis
laryngeal cancer
Raul
Peralta
raul.peralta@uaem.mx
1
Centro de Investigación en Dinamica Celular, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca ,Mexico.
AUTHOR
Paola
Garcia
victoria.garcia@biodist.com
2
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología,Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Alejandra
Valdivia
avaldiale@hotmail.com
3
Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Arianna
Lopez
arieliz19@hotmail.com
4
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología,Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Teresa
Apresa
teresaapresa@yahoo.com
5
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología,Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Dulce M
Hernandez
dulce.hernandez@imss.gob.mx
6
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología,Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Francisco
Gallegos
gal61@prodigy.net.mx
7
Servicio de Cabeza y Cuello, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Isabel
Alvarado-Cabrero
keme2.tijax12@gmail.com
8
Departamento de Patología, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Cruz
Vargas-De-León
leoncruz82@yahoo.com.mx
9
Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Sonia
Davila
sonia.davila@uaem.mx
10
Centro de Investigación en Dinamica Celular, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca ,Mexico.
AUTHOR
Pablo
Romero
pablo.r.morelos@hotmail.com
11
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología,Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
AUTHOR
Mauricio
Salcedo
masava89@gmail.com
12
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología,Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Interleukin-6 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Prostate Adenocarcinoma and Bone Metastasis in an Iranian Population
Objective: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory cytokine shown to be a strong factor for growth, proliferation andmetastasis with many malignancies. The promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) -174G>C (rs1800795) canalter the transcriptional pattern of this gene. The present study was aimed at assessing effects of the IL-6 (rs1800795)SNP on risk of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCa). Methods: The project wasperformed on 112 men with PCa, 118 with BPH and 250 healthy controls. After DNA extraction, genotyping of IL-6(rs1800795) was performed using PCR TaqMan Allelic Discrimination (ABI MGB). Results: The G allele frequencyfor rs1800795 of the IL-6 gene was 74.1%, 68.6% and 67% in PCa patients, BPH patients and healthy men, respectively.PCa and control groups showed significant differences (P =0.030, OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.05-2.21). The GG genotypewas more frequent in the PCa group, whereas the GC genotype was more common in the BPH in comparison to othergroups. Conclusion: The current study identified IL-6 -174G>C (rs1800795) as a significant predictor of susceptibilityfor prostate cancer and bone metastasis in a northwest Iranian population.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63486_5be8410834a8fc9aaaef81aa9967bb8d.pdf
2018-06-01
1717
1720
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1717
IL-6
prostate
adenocarcinoma
BPH
PCA
Ghader
Dargahi Abbasabad
gdargahi1990@gmail.com
1
Razi Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Seyed Mahdi
Banan Khojasteh
smbanan@tabrizu.ac.ir
2
Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hadi
Eskandari Naji
hadieskandari_biochemistry@yahoo.com
3
Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Zamani
mr-zamani@alumnus.tums.ac.ir
4
Department of Immunology and Biology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hamed
Hajipour
hhajipour@gmail.com
5
Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hamed
Serati-Nouri
hamed_serati1@yahoo.com
6
Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
HER2 Expression Status and Prognostic, Diagnostic, and Demographic Properties of Patients with Gastric Cancer: a Single Center Cohort Study from Iran
Background: The fourth most prevalent cancer worldwide and a major cause of death in developing countries isgastric cancer (GC). Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), is a proto-oncogene expressed in differentsolid tumors. This study aimed to evaluate possible associations of HER2 expression status with survival rate, age,sex, tumor grade, histopathological type, and primary tumor location in patients with GC. Methods: Subjects wereenrolled in this cohort study after consideration of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Biopsy specimens were stained usingimmunohistochemistry. Samples with a score of 3+ were considered to exhibit HER2 overexpression. The mentionedvariables were extracted from patients’ files as well as by clinical evaluation. The Kaplan-Meier method was appliedfor analyzing the survival rate and Chi square for possible factor associations. Results: A total of 210 patients (25.2%female and 74.8% male) were enrolled. In a 5-year follow-up (adherence rate: 45.7%), the average survival was 9.4±10.9months. HER2 overexpression was evident in 24%. There was no statistically significant association found betweenHER2 expression and primary tumor location (p-value=0.63), histopathological type (p-value=0.72), or tumor grade(p-value=0.051). Furthermore, no statistically significant links were apparent with tumor grade in either male or femalegroups as well as patients aged ≥60 and ˂60 years (all p-values >0.05). Moreover, no statistically significant associationwas detected between HER2 expression status (p-value=0.88), sex (p-value=0.31), and age (p-value=0.055) with patientsurvival. Conclusions: No statistically meaningful association was found between all parameters examined and HER2expression status. Divergence of the results from earlier studies might be due to genetic variation. Thus, performing ameta-analysis on certain races might be helpful for clarification.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63825_6a7bce7475e73a6b4bdf189e994cc16f.pdf
2018-06-01
1721
1725
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1721
Keywords: HER2
Stomach Neoplasm
survival
Cohort studies
Iran
Abdolamir
Feizy
feizy@zums.ac.ir
1
Department of Pathology, Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical science, Zanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Aida
Karami
aidakarami90@yahoo.com
2
Departmen of Hemato Oncology, Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Reza
Eghdamzamiri
reza_e_z@yahoo.com
3
Departmen of Hemato Oncology, Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Minoosh
Moghimi
mmoghimi2000@yahoo.com
4
Departmen of Hemato Oncology, Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Hadi
Taheri
taheri.h47@gmail.com
5
Departmen of Hemato Oncology, Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Nouraddin
Mousavinasab
snmn1337@yahoo.com
6
Department of Biostatics, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Mazandaran, Iran.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Willingness to Pay for Colorectal Cancer Screening and Effect of Copayment in Southern Thailand
Background: The incidence rate of colorectal cancer in Thailand is increasing. Hence, the nationwide screeningprogramme with copayment is being considered. There are two proposed screening alternatives: annual fecalimmunochemical test (FIT) and once-in-10-year colonoscopy. A copayment for FIT is 60 Thai baht (THB) per test(≈ 1.7 USD); a copayment for colonoscopy is 2,300 THB per test (≈ 65.5 USD). Methods: The willingness to pay(WTP) technique, which is theoretically founded on a cost-benefit analysis, was used to assess an effect of copayment onthe uptake. Subjects were patients aged 50-69 years without cancer or screening experience. WTP for the proposedtests was elicited. Results: Nearly two thirds of subjects were willing to pay for FIT. Less than half of subjects werewilling to pay for colonoscopy. Among them, median WTP for both tests was greater than the proposed copayments.In a probit model, knowing CRC patient and presence of companion were associated with non-zero WTP for FIT.Presence of companion, female, and family history of cancer were associated with non-zero WTP for colonoscopy.After adjustment for starting price in the linear model, marital status, drinking behavior, and risk attitude were associatedwith WTP. None of factors was significant for colonoscopy. Uptake decreased as levels of copayment increased.At proposed copayments, the uptake rates of 59.8% and 21.6% were estimated for colonoscopy and FIT respectively.The demand for FIT was price inelastic; the demand for colonoscopy was price elastic. Estimates of optimal copaymentwere 62.1 THB for FIT and 460.2 THB for colonoscopy. At the optimal copayment, uptake rates would be 59.8%for FIT and 42.3% for colonoscopy.Conclusion(s): More subjects were willing to pay for FIT than for colonoscopy(59.0% versus 46.5%). The estimated uptake rates were 59.8% and 21.6% for colonoscopy and FIT at the proposedcopayments.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_63267_4ea0e00fad603d9ea482d3bf142b1fad.pdf
2018-06-01
1727
1734
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1727
colorectal cancer
Screening
Willingness to pay
Copayment
Thailand
Udomsak
Saengow
saengow.udomsak@gmail.com
1
Center of Excellence in Health System and Medical Research (CE-HSMR), Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Stephen
Birch
birch@mcmaster.ca
2
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
AUTHOR
Alan
Geater
alan.g@psu.ac.th
3
Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
AUTHOR
Virasakdi
Chongsuwiwatvong
cvirasak@gmail.com
4
Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Frequency of ALK Rearrangement by FISH Testing and its Correlation with ALK-IHC in Adenocarcinoma of Primary Lung Origin
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene can be oncogenic either by forming fusion with other genes, amplificationof the gene or by having mutations. ALK rearrangement can either be detected by standard “fluorescence in situhybridization (FISH)” or “immunohistochemistry (IHC)”. Objective of this study was to record the prevalence ofALK rearrangement in adenocarcinoma of Primary Lung origin and compare it with ALK-IHC staining. Data of64 patients of lung adenocarcinoma from 2015-2017 was analyzed. All of the FFPE biopsies were tested for EGFR(qPCR) followed by ALK rearrangement (by FISH and IHC) on EGFR negative samples. Out of 64 samples, 21.8%(14) showed EGFR mutations and 14% (7/50) were positive for ALK rearrangement when checked by FISH. In IHCtesting for ALK (FISH positive) 8% (4/50) showed positivity. In conclusion ALK-FISH positive cases are higher thanother studies likely due to the relatively small sample size. FISH testing was found to be more sensitive than IHC; onereason may be the low level of ALK. Our study warrants that currently FISH remains the gold standard for screeningof ALK gene rearrangements.
https://journal.waocp.org/article_64882_4be9606414e0a3d999d5a6c75276adfe.pdf
2018-06-01
1735
1738
10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.6.1735
Lung Adenocarcinoma
ALK
fish
IHC
Samar
Moattar
samar.moatter@nixorcollege.edu.pk
1
Section of Histopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
AUTHOR
Namrah
Anwar
nam.anwar@gmail.com
2
Section of Histopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
AUTHOR
Tariq
Moatter
tariq.moatter@aku.edu
3
Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
AUTHOR
Shahid
Pervez
shahid.pervez@aku.edu
4
Section of Histopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
LEAD_AUTHOR