West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Association between Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Levels and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
2239
2246
EN
Thu
Thi Vo
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
votthu@yahoo.com
Kittiyod
Poovorawan
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
kittiyod.poo@mahidol.ac.th
Pimphen
Charoen
Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
pimphen.cha@mahidol.ac.th
Ngamphol
Soonthornworasiri
0000-0003-1031-7979
Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
ngamphol.soo@mahidol.ac.th
Apichart
Nontprasert
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
apichart.non@mahidol.ac.th
Chatporn
Kittitrakul
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
chatporn.kit@mahidol.ac.th
Weerapong
Phumratanaprapin
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
weerapong.phu@mahidol.ac.th
Pisit
Tangkijvanich
Centre of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand.
pisittkvn@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2239
Background: The role of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in predicting the risk of developing<br />hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has remained unclear. The aim of this study was to obtain the most up-to-date estimated<br />measure of the association between HBsAg levels and the development of HCC in patients. Methods: We performed a<br />systematic review by searching for relevant studies on PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest and the Cochrane Central Register<br />of Controlled Trials from January 2002 to November 2017. We presented the effects of HBsAg levels at each cut-off<br />value as the odds ratios (ORs) at 95% confidence interval (CI). We also investigated HCC and its potential risk factors<br />including HBeAg, and HBV DNA. We registered our protocol with the International Prospective Register of Systematic<br />Reviews (PROSPERO) with the registration number CRD42018081138. Results: We selected 10 studies representing<br />12 541 cases. At the 100 IU/ml cut-off, the OR for HCC at the high HBsAg level versus the low level was 4.99 (95%<br />CI, 3.01–8.29) with high inconsistency (I2=79%). At the 1,000 IU/ml threshold, the pooled OR for HCC at the high<br />HBsAg versus the low level was 2.46 (95% CI, 2.15–2.83) with low variance. We also found correlations between the<br />risk of HCC and male gender (OR=2.12), hepatitis B e-antigen positivity (OR=2.99), or hepatitis B (HBV) viral load<br />≥ 2,000 IU/ml (OR=4.37). Conclusion: Our study revealed that HBsAg levels ≥ 100 IU/ml, and notably >1,000 IU/<br />ml, are associated with an increased risk of HCC development.
Hepatitis B surface antigens,Hepatocellular carcinoma,chronic hepatitis B infections,Meta-analysis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88698.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88698_ae121cfea627f4b85aa41595fcf6be71.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Luminal B is the Most Common Intrinsic Molecular Subtypes of Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma Patients in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
2247
2252
EN
Swandari
Paramita
0000-0002-6677-3298
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
s.paramita@fk.unmul.ac.id
Eko Nugroho
Raharjo
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Abdul Wahab Sjahranie General County Hospital, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
kepk.fkunmul@gmail.com
Maria
Niasari
Department of Pathological Anatomy, Abdul Wahab Sjahranie General County Hospital, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
ramaniatwo25@gmail.com
Fieska
Azizah
Medical Doctor Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
kalyakinanthi@gmail.com
Nur Ahlina
Hanifah
Medical Doctor Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
kanyakinasih@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2247
Objective: Breast carcinoma has no longer been considered as a single and standalone disease. Its subtypes have<br />been known to vary in terms of risk factors, natural histories, and responses to therapies. In particular, intrinsic molecular<br />subtypes based on St. Gallen International Expert Consensus 2013 have classified breast carcinoma into luminal A,<br />luminal B, HER2+, and triple-negative, depending on the expression of ER, PgR, HER2, and Ki-67. Research on<br />intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma in Indonesia, however, are rarely conducted, which then triggers<br />the intention to conduct this study. Methods: In this work, a retrospective study was conducted on 92 formalin-fixed<br />paraffin-embedded samples of invasive ductal breast carcinoma patients. These samples were from patients at Abdul<br />Wahab Sjahranie County General Hospital Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in 2016. Next, immunohistochemical<br />staining using anti-ER, PgR, HER2, and Ki-67 antibodies was applied to classify intrinsic molecular subtypes. Then, an<br />association between clinical and immunohistochemical factors with intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma<br />were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: Looking at results of the retrospective study, luminal B was discovered as<br />the most common intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma (42.39%) in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The next<br />ranks of breast carcinoma subtypes in the region included HER2+ (39.13%), triple-negative (10.87%), and luminal A<br />(7.61%). In fact, there was a significant association between age (p = 0.019) with intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast<br />carcinoma. Conclusion: The study found luminal B as the most common intrinsic molecular subtypes of Indonesian<br />breast carcinoma in the region under investigation. In the future, the higher positivity rate of luminal B in breast<br />carcinoma patients compared to prior studies would require further investigations.
luminal B,intrinsic molecular subtypes,Breast carcinoma
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88676.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88676_c2d42db0c4c9ddb9e8671caaea76bb1d.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Disparities in Epidemiological Profile of Gastric Adenocarcinoma in Selected Cities of Brazil
2253
2258
EN
Maria Paula
Curado
0000-0001-8172-2483
Epidemiology and Statistics Nucleus, International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
mp.curado@accamargo.org.br
Diego Rodrigues Mendonça e
Silva
Epidemiology and Statistics Nucleus, International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
diego.rodrigues@accamargo.org.br
Max Moura de
Oliveira
Epidemiology and Statistics Nucleus, International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
max.oliveira@accamargo.org.br
Fernando
Soares
Anatomic Pathology Department, Rede D'Or Hospitals, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
fasoares@icloud.com
Maria Dirlei
Begnami
Department of Pathology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
mdbegnami@accamargo.org.br
Felipe José Fernandez
Coimbra
Department of Abdominal Surgery, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
drfelipecoimbra@gmail.com
Paulo Pimentel de
Assumpção
Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
assumpcaopp@gmail.com
Rosane Oliveira
de Sant’Ana
Hospital Haroldo Juaçaba, Cancer Institute of Ceará, Brazil.
ro-santana@uol.com.br
Samia
Demachki
Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
demachki@gmail.com
Emmanuel
Dias-Neto
0000-0001-5670-8559
Medical Genomics Laboratory, International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
emmanuel@accamargo.org.br
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2253
Background: Despite decreasing global incidence trends, gastric cancer is still among the five most incident cancers<br />in the world and the third cancer-related cause of death. In Brazil, differences in incidence and mortality exist depending<br />on the geographic region studied. Objective: To describe the incidence, mortality, trends and age-period-cohort of<br />gastric cancer in three cities of Brazil (Sao Paulo, Belem and Fortaleza), in the period 1990-2012. Mortality for gastric<br />cancer in Brazil overall and by region was described. Methods: 33,462 incident cases of gastric cancer were identified<br />from the population-based cancer registries and 23,424 deaths from mortality information system in residents of<br />the three cities and in Brazil were included in the study. Data for incident cases were extracted from the Population<br />Based Cancer Registries from the National Cancer Institute (INCA). Mortality data on gastric cancer were extracted<br />from Information Technology Department of Brazilian Public Health Care System/Health Ministry (DATASUS/MS).<br />Mortality and incidence age standardized rates were calculated. For trends analysis the Joinpoint Regression and<br />age-period-cohort model were applied. Results: Belem presented the highest incidence rates for gastric adenocarcinoma.<br />Decreasing incidence trends were identified in Sao Paulo (-7.8% in men; -6.3% in women) and in Fortaleza (-1.2%<br />in men). Increasing incidence trends were observed for women in Belem (1.8%) and Fortaleza (1.1%). In Belem<br />(Amazon area), there was an increased risk for gastric cancer in women born after the 1960s. Overall in Brazil mortality<br />for gastric cancer is decreasing. Mortality trends showed significant reduction, for both sexes, in the three Brazilian<br />cities. Conclusion: Incidence of gastric cancer is increasing in women born in the sixties in Belem (Amazon region)<br />and Fortaleza (Northeast region). In Brazil there was increase in mortality in Northeast region and decrease in others<br />regions. More update data on incidence for Amazon and Northeast region is needed.
Incidence,mortality,Trends,Gastric neoplasm,cohort effect
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88678.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88678_2682a6839b3cfc134c5427ce8ede1595.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
The Relationship between the Methylation of Promoter Regions of Tumor Suppressor Genes PTEN and APC with Endometrial Cancer
2259
2265
EN
Tayebeh
Ghazanfari
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran.
tsgh92@gmail.com
Golnaz
Asaadi Tehrani
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran.
golnaz_asaadi@yahoo.com
Parisa
Maziri
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran.
f.maziri@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2259
Background: Endometrial neoplasms is one of the most typical gynecologic diseases with harmful effects. Promoter<br />hypermethylation is an important mechanism of the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in endometrial neoplasms.<br />Epigenetic changes of the PTEN and APC genes have shown to be present in various cancers. Therefore, in this study,<br />we have investigated the association between the promoter hypermethylation of PTEN and APC genes with endometrial<br />neoplasms. Methods: For this study, 28 patients with endometrial neoplasms as well as 22 controls were studied.<br />Analysis of the promoter methylation regions of PTEN and APC genes were performed by Methylation-Specific PCR.<br />Results: The frequency of PTEN and APC genes promoter methylation was 28.57% and 17.86% in tumor tissues, and<br />11.54% and 3.85% in blood samples, respectively. We found a significant relationship between blood and tissue in<br />PTEN methylation (p = 0.0353). Additionally, we determined a closely significant difference between normal tissue<br />and tumor tissue of the PTEN gene (p = 0.0787) and blood and tissue samples of the APC gene in methylated promoter<br />regions (p=0.0623). Furthermore, these results suggest that there is no significant relationship between the promoter<br />methylation of PTEN and APC with clinical characteristics. Conclusion: DNA methylation deficiency is a well known<br />highlighted factor in tumorigenesis, therefore the promoter hypermethylation of PTEN and APC can be indicated as a<br />risk factor in endometrial neoplasms.
Endometrial neoplasms,DNA Methylation,APC,PTEN
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88669.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88669_4e7475b681278ad4c49da6d512247c35.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
IL-6 Impairs the Activity of Vitamin D3 in the Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
2267
2273
EN
Mohamed A.
Abdel-Mohsen
Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Medical Research Institute, 165 El-Horreya
Avenue, El-Hadara, 21561 Alexandria, Alexandria University, Egypt.
mohamed.a.abdelmohsen@alexu.edu.eg
Samar. M
Abo Deif
Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Medical Research Institute, 165 El-Horreya
Avenue, El-Hadara, 21561 Alexandria, Alexandria University, Egypt.
mri.samar.phd.applied.m.chemistry@alexu.edu.eg
Lobna A.
Abou-Shamaa
Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical Research Institute, 165 El-Horreya
Avenue, El-Hadara, 21561 Alexandria, Alexandria University, Egypt.
lobna_shamaa@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2267
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the possible role of IL-6 and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D)<br />signaling in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line.<br />Methods: TNBC cell line, HCC 1806, was treated with IL-6 and 1,25D for three and six days. Also, the role of vitamin<br />D receptor (VDR) was studied by transfection of TNBC cell line with VDR gene and transfection efficiency was assessed<br />using Human VDR enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Changes in E-cadherin gene expression were<br />analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Also, changes in CD44+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.<br />Finally, morphological changes were investigated by light microscopy after 6 days. Results: Treatment of HCC1806<br />cells with IL-6 has no significant effect either on E-cadherin gene expression or CD44+ cells, (p > 0.05). However,<br />E-cadherin gene expression was significantly up-regulated after treatment with 1,25D for 6 days, (p < 0.05). Also, CD44+<br />cells were significantly reduced after treatment with 1,25D either for 3 or 6 days, (p < 0.05). Transfection of TNBC<br />cell line with VDR gene significantly up-regulated VDR protein expression, (p < 0.05). In addition, overexpression of<br />VDR in TNBC cells and treatment with 1,25D significantly up-regulated E-cadherin gene expression, (p < 0.05) and<br />reduced CD44+ cells, (p < 0.05). Moreover, transfection with VDR and treatment with a combination of 1,25D and<br />IL-6 significantly down-regulated E-cadherin gene expression and increased CD44+ cells compared with transfected<br />cells with VDR treated with 1,25D alone, (p < 0.05). No significant morphological changes were observed in treated<br />cells, 6 days post-treatment. Conclusion: The presence of IL-6 in the breast tumor microenvironment may impair the<br />activity of vitamin D3 signaling, limiting its anti-tumor effects in TNBC.
epithelial-mesenchymal transition,IL-6,Vitamin D3,CD44,E-cadherin
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88677.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88677_82b6d6a51c9310440570aaad860e809c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Human Cytomegalovirus DNA among Women with Breast Cancer
2275
2279
EN
Peyman
Sepahvand
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
pyman.sep@gmail.com
Manoochehr
Makvandi
0000-0003-2510-3033
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
manoochehrmakvandi299@gmail.com
Alireza
Samarbafzadeh
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
alirezasamarbaf_78@hotmail.com
Abdulhasan
Talaei-Zadeh
0000-0002-2346-505x
Department
of Surgery, Imam Khoeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
ahtalaiezadeh@yahoo.com
Nastaran
Ranjbari
Department of Pathology, Imam Khoeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
saminjon@yahoo.com
Nilofar
Nisi
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
niloofarneisi@yahoo.com
Azarakhsh
Azaran
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
azarakhsh.azaran@yahoo.com
Shahram
Jalilian
0000-0002-1827-2990
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
norovirus2009@gmail.com
Roya
Pirmoradi
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
royapirmoradi@yahoo.com
Kimia
Makvandi
School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
kimiamakvandi71@gmail.com
Kambiz
Ahmadi Angali
Biostatistic Department, School of Health,
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
kzfir@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2275
Breast cancer is the most common cause of death among women worldwide. Although there are many known risk<br />factors in breast cancer development, infectious diseases have appeared as one of the important key to contribute to<br />carcinogenesis formation. The effects of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) on women with breast cancer has been<br />recently studied and reported. To contribute to this research trend, this study was conducted to evaluate the association<br />between HCMV and the women with breast cancer. Objective: This experiment aimed to evaluate HCMV DNA in women<br />with breast cancer in Ahvaz city, Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 37 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues of<br />the patients with ductal breast carcinoma and 35 paraffin embedded tissues of the patients with fibro adenoma as control<br />group were collected. The deparaffinization of all the samples were carried out and the DNA was extracted. Initially,<br />the PCR test was carried out to detect beta –globulin DNA as an internal control. For those samples positive for beta<br />–globulin DNA, Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect HCMV for the tests and control samples. Results:<br />Among 37 ductal breast carcinoma, 20 (54.04%) cases were proved positive for HCMV DNA by PCR. While among<br />the 35 control group (fibroadenoma), 10 (28.57%) cases were positive for HCMV DNA (P >0.028). The prevalences of<br />HCMV DNA among the age groups 30-39, 40-49 and >50 years were 7 (72.22%), 9 (69.23%), 4 (57.14%), respectively<br />(P=0.066). A high frequency of HCMV DNA was detected in tumor grade III, 13/18 (58.33%) compared with tumor<br />grade II, 7/19 (36.84%) (p=0.044). A high frequency of 16/24 (66.66%) of HCMV DNA was found in invasive ductal<br />breast cancer compared with 4/13 (30.76%) HCMV DNA in situ (P<0.028). Conclusion: A high prevalence of 54.05%<br />HCMV was found among the patients with ductal carcinoma. The percentages of the high prevalence of HCMV among<br />age group (40-49) years, tumors grades, and invasive stage were (69.23%), (58.33%), (66.66%), respectively. Further<br />study of HCMV in the latency phase in patients with ductal carcinoma would be necessary to extend our knowledge.
Human Cytomegalovirus,breast cancer,Ductal carcinoma,Polymerase Chain Reaction
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88670.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88670_64ce3c403c2dec7684994c83652782b3.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Three Markers in Cancerous and Healthy Cells of Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC)
2281
2285
EN
Hamidreza
Jamaati
Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
hrjamaati@hotmail.com
Adnan
Khosravi
Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
adkhosravi@yahoo.com
Atefeh
Abedini
Tracheal Diseases Research
Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
dr.abedini110@gmail.com
Arda
Kiani
Tracheal Diseases Research
Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ardakiani@yahoo.com
Payam
Tabarsi
Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
payamtabarsi@yahoo.com
Hossein
Dargahi
Allied Medicine, Health Information Management Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
hdargahi@sina.tums.ac.ir
Naghmeh
Bahrami
0000-0002-3575-4094
Craniomaxillofacial Research Center,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
naghmehbahrami@gmail.com
Mehdi
Kazempour Dizaji
Biostatistics Department, Mycobacteriology research center, National research institute of Tuberculosis and lung Disease (NriTlD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti university of Medical Sciences, Iran.
kazempoor@hotmail.com
Farahnaz
Sadegh Beigee
Lung transplantation research center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
beigeef@hotmail.com
Mihan
Pourabdollah
Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mihan_p@yahoo.com
Abbas
Gheysouri
Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
gheisoori8491@gmail.com
Nasser
Ahmadian
Transplantation Center, Department of Curative Affairs, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
nasser.ahmadian57@gmail.com
Masoum
Abniki
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
massiabniki@yahoo.com
Abdolreza
Mohamadnia
Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mohamadnia.ar@gmail.com
Aliakbar
Velayati
Mycobacteriology Research Centre (MRC), National
Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD),, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
aavelayati@sbmu.ac.ir
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2281
Introduction: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death among males and females. The<br />diagnosis of lung cancer is of great importance for clinical considerations and follow-up treatment. This study aimed<br />to examine the expression of CEA, LUNX, and CK19 biomarkers in the cancerous and healthy tissues of patients<br />suffering from NSCLC. Methods: In this study, 30 patients with NSCLCs referring to Masih Daneshvari Hospital<br />in Tehran were voluntarily selected prior to taking any treatment. A tissue sample from the center and a sample of<br />healthy tissues close to the cancerous masses were prepared by a specialist in the bronchoscopy sector and tested using<br />real-time RT-PCR. Results: Positive CEA mRNA was observed in cancerous tissues in the center of tumors of 25 out<br />of 30 cases. In the healthy tissue group, the same was found in 10 out of 30 cases (P<0.001). The markers CK19 and<br />LUNX mRNAs showed to be positive in cancerous samples in the center of tumors of 15 and 22 out of 30 cases, and in<br />the healthy tissue group, the expression was observed in 5 and 4 out of 30 cases, respectively(P<0.001). Conclusion:<br />This study confirms that the aformentioed markers are the ones with a relatively appropriate sensitivity and specificity<br />for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Lung cancer,Biomarker,LUNX,CK19,CEA
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88693.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88693_ad15ac8d9911629184048373468ad0ab.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Identification of High-Affinity Small Molecule Targeting IDH2 for the Clinical Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
2287
2297
EN
Jajoriya
Sweta
In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore-
452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.
sweta.j@eminentbio.com
Ravina
Khandelwal
In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore-
452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.
ravina.k@eminentbio.com
Sivaraj
Srinitha
In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore-
452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.
srinitha.s@eminentbio.com
Rashi
Pancholi
In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore-
452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.
rashi.p@eminentbio.com
Ritu
Adhikary
In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore-
452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.
ritu.a@eminentbio.com
Meer Asif
Ali
In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore-
452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.
meer.a@eminentbio.com
Anuraj
Nayarisseri
0000-0003-2567-9630
In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Vijaynagar, Indore-
452010, Madhya Pradesh, India.
anuraj@eminentbio.com
Sugunakar
Vuree
Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences,
Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University,
Phagwara, Punjab, India.
sugunakar.v@eminentbio.com
Sanjeev Kumar
Singh
Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of
Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630 003, Tamil Nadu,
India.
sanjeev.sk@eminentbio.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2287
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is symbolized by an increase in the number of myeloid cells in the bone marrow and<br />an arrest in their maturation, frequently resulting in hematopoietic insufficiency (granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia,<br />or anemia) with or without leukocytosis either by a predominance of immature forms or a loss of normal hematopoiesis.<br />IDH2 gene encodes for isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme which is involved in the TCA cycle domino effect and<br />converts isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate. In the U.S, the annual incidence of AML progressively increases with age<br />to a peak of 12.6 per 100,000 adults of 65 years or older. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (arginine 132) have<br />been demonstrated to be recurrent gene alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by forming 2-Hydroxy alpha<br />ketoglutarate which, instead of participating in TCA cycle, accumulates to form AML. The current study approaches<br />by molecular docking and virtual screening to elucidate inhibitor with superior affinity against IDH2 and achieve a<br />pharmacological profile. To obtain the best established drug Molegro Virtual Docker algorithm was executed. The<br />compound AG-221 (Pub CID 71299339) having the high affinity score was subjected to similarity search to retrieve<br />the drugs with similar properties. The virtual screened compound SCHEMBL16391748 (PubChem CID-117816179)<br />shows high affinity for the protein. Comparative study and ADMET study for both the above compounds resulted in<br />equivalent chemical properties. Virtual screened compound SCHEMBL16391748 (PubChem CID-117816179) shows<br />the lowest re-rank score. These drugs are identified as high potential IDH2 inhibitors and can halt AML when validated<br />through further In vitro screening.
acute myeloid leukemia,IDH2,Molecular docking,Virtual screening
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88709.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88709_bb6a7fc7e2d929eb8d0b9cd890bbbfb1.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Investigating the TLR9 mRNA Expression Level in Different Histological Types of Colorectal Polyps
2299
2302
EN
Sama
Rezasoltani
Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
samasoltani70@gmail.com
Shirin
Khatibi
Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
shirinkhatibi70@yahoo.com
Zahra
Pezeshkiyan
Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
zahrapezeshkian@yahoo.com
Ehsan
Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ehsanmojarad@gmail.com
Maryam
Sharafkhah
Liver and
Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran.
maryamsharafkhah@gmail.com
Amir
Sadeghi
Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
amirsadeghimd@yahoo.com
Hamid
Asadzadeh Aghdaei
Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
hamidasadzadeh@gmail.com
Mohammad Reza
Zali
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
nnzali@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2299
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a cellular DNA receptor of the innate immune system which plays a pivotal role in<br />inflammatory response. Recently, changing expression levels of TLR9 has been observed in a wide range of cancer<br />cells; however, there is little information about colorectal polyps. Herein, we assessed the mRNA expression of TLR9<br />in different colorectal polyp types compared to normal group in order to investigate its expression level during CRC<br />initiation. Fifty-four biopsy samples from colorectal polyp patients and from 20 healthy subjects were collected. The<br />mucosal mRNA expression level of TLR9 gene was identified by real time PCR. Fold change of gene expression was<br />evaluated by 2-ΔΔct method. There was a significant relationship between the lower expression of TLR9 gene in the polyp<br />cases compared to normal individuals (P value = 0.0005), Also, decreased TLR9 mRNA expression was obtained in<br />adenomas in contrast to hyperplastic and normal groups (P value = 0.0008). Based on the current results, we hypothesized that aberrant surface expression of TLR9 on tumor cells may promote the growth and invasion of colorectal polyps. Further, TLR9 modulation may have an important impact on the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Colorectal Polyp, mRNA expression,TLR9
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88684.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88684_d680e7834055a1d92ae404c0e6059c3e.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Combined Hyperthermia and Radiation Therapy for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2303
2310
EN
Roba M
Talaat
0000-0002-1176-2727
Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Egypt.
robamtalaat@yahoo.com
Tamer M
Abo-Zeid
Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Egypt.
tomatot20@yahoo.com
Mahmoud T
Abo-Elfadl
Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Center, Egypt.
mahmoud.taha792000@gmail.com
Eman A
El-Maadawy
Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Egypt.
emananwr2020@gmail.com
Mona M
Hassanin
Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Department of Radioisotope, Cairo, Egypt.
proff_monasalhin@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2303
Background: There is no doubt that hyperthermia is one of the powerful radiosensitizers. Finding a proper mechanism<br />working in hyperthermia/radiation combination is still pronounced challenge. Objectives: This study is focusing on<br />the anti-cancer activities (anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and antiapoptotic) of thermoradiotherapy. Materials and<br />Methods: Liver cancer cell line (HepG2) was treated by 37oC, 40oC and 43oC hyperthermia degrees combined with<br />three radiation doses (2 Gy, 4 Gy and 8 Gy) for 24, 48 and 72 hrs. Cell viability, apoptotic/necrotic cell screening,<br />apoptotic (BAX and FasL) and antiapoptotic (BCL-2 and GRP78) genes, and pro-angiogenic mediators [vascular<br />endothelial- (VEGF) and Platelet derived-growth factors (PDGF) ware investigated. Results: Our data showed that 40oC<br />temperature combined with 4 Gy radiation gives a significant decrease (p<0.05) in cell viability. Maximum cytotoxicity<br />was reported 48 hr post-treatment followed by slight restoration of cell viability after 72 hr. Compared with untreated<br />cells, only 5% of viable cells with a high percentage of apoptotic (31%) and necrotic (63%) cells were demonstrated<br />in 40oC/4 Gy/48 hr group. Expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAX and FasL) were increased after hyperthermia with<br />apparent elevation in 40oC/4 Gy/48 hr group coincides with moderate expression of antiapoptotic BCL-2 and GRP78<br />genes. A significant reduction (p<0.001; p<0.05) in VEGF and PDGF levels; respectively was shown at 40oC/4 Gy/48<br />hr group. Conclusions: This pilot study proposed 40oC mild temperature hyperthermia as a favorable hyperthermal<br />condition with 4 Gy radiotherapy in HCC treatment. A further research has to be performed considering an application<br />of more than one session of radiothermal therapy at 40oC/4 Gy for total abrogation of cancer cells.
Hyperthermia,radiotherapy,Cytotoxicity,Angiogenesis,Apoptosis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88694.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88694_ebdbab067bf732dcbe383ef0824efc45.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
The Investigation of Drug Resistance Substitutions in NS3 Protease Sequence of Hepatitis C Virus from Non-Responder Patients
2311
2317
EN
Nargess
Nejabat
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
nargessyek@gmail.com
Seyed Younes
Hosseini
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
hoseiniy@sums.ac.ir
Jamal
Sarvari
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
sarvarij@sums.ac.ir
Ali Akbar
Gorzin
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
agorzin@gmail.com
Mohamad Reza
Fattahi
Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of
Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
fattahim@sums.ac.ir
Mohammad
Rasoolian
Department of Genetics and Molcular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
rasoolian62@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2311
Background: Even with the fantastic successes of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) in the treatment of Hepatitis C<br />Virus (HCV) infection, natural drug resistance remains a challenging obstacle for their impacts. The data regarding<br />protease inhibitors (PIs) resistance in Iran population are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the variations<br />in NS3 protease of HCV from non-responder patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 14 HCV infected patients<br />with genotype 1(N=5) and 3(N=9) who have not responded to Interferon-related regime were enrolled from Liver<br />Clinic, Shiraz. The NS3 protease region was amplified by Nested-PCR followed by product gel extraction. Besides,<br />some amplified protease regions were cloned into a cloning vector to improve the sensitivity of mutation detection.<br />Both crude and cloned sequences were then introduced into sequencing. The obtained sequences were compared with<br />the NS3 reference sequences and analyzed by Geno2pheno available software to find possible substitutions. In the<br />end, the phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results: Among variations responsible for PIs resistance, only one out of<br />14 (7%) sample who was infected with genotype 1a, harbored R117C+N174S double mutation, which causes reduced<br />susceptibility to Telaprevir. Any another resistance mutation was not found among the studied population. The most<br />frequent substitutions were determined as I52M(N=9), S102A(N=9), S166A(8) and V170I(8) for genotype 3a, and<br />F147S/A(4) for genotype 1. However, some uncharacterized substitutions on scored position, including I132L(N=1),<br />I170V(N=3) and N174S(N=2) were also determined among sequences. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the<br />protease region has enough power to correctly classify enrolled samples into relevant clusters on the tree. There were 2,<br />3 and 9 cases of sub-genotypes 1a, 1b, and 3a, respectively. Conclusion: A low frequency of PIs resistance mutations<br />in our HCV infected population is a hopeful point of starting these drugs in HCV infected patients.
Hepatitis C Virus,protease inhibitors,NS3,phylogenetic analysis,Drug resistance
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88672.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88672_19be90b206d51ad36ade221f0e2f6491.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
High Frequency of KRAS Codon 146 and FBXW7 Mutations in Thai Patients with Stage II-III Colon Cancer
2319
2326
EN
Krittiya
Korphaisarn
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
krittiya.kor@mahidol.ac.th
Ananya
Pongpaibul
Department of
Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
ananya.pog@mahidol.edu
Ekkapong
Roothumnong
Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Precision Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
ekkapong.dmg@gmail.com
Khontawan
Pongsuktavorn
Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Precision Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
khontawan.pongsuk@gmail.com
Lucksamon
Thamlikitkul
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
l_thamlikitkul@hotmail.com
Tauangtham
Anekpuritanang
Department of
Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
tauangtham.ane@mahidol.ac.th
Naravat
Poungvarin
Department of Clinical Pathology,
Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
naravat@gmail.com
Wanna
Thongnoppakhun
Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Precision Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
nathongnop@gmail.com
Manop
Pithukpakorn
Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Precision Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
manopsi@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2319
Background: KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF gene mutations are the most clinically relevant and frequently reported in<br />colorectal cancer (CRC). Although data on these genes are frequently reported in several counties, data specific to these<br />genes among Thai population are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate and identify molecular alterations<br />associated with colon cancer in Thai population, and to determine the impact of these genetic aberrations on clinical<br />outcome. Methods: DNA from 108 archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples that histologically<br />confirmed adenocarcinoma of stage II-III colon cancer between 2010 and 2012 at Siriraj Hospital (Bangkok, Thailand)<br />were extracted. Gene mutational analysis was performed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) using an Oncomine<br />Solid Tumor DNA kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). Results: A total of 22 somatic gene<br />mutations were detected. The mutation frequency observed in KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and FBXW7 mutations<br />was 47.2%, 1.9%, 1.9%, 12%, and 14.8%, respectively. KRAS mutation codon 12, 13, 59, 61, 117, and 146 mutations<br />were identified in 29.6%, 8.3%, 1.8%, 0.9%, 0.0%, and 8.3%, respectively. KRAS Exon 4 had better DFS compared<br />with Exon 2 and 3. Conclusions: This study is the first to comprehensively report hotspot mutations using NGS in Thai<br />colon cancer patients. The most commonly identified gene mutation frequencies among Thai patients (KRAS, NRAS,<br />BRAF, TP53, and PIK3CA) were similar to the gene mutation frequencies reported in Western population, except for<br />subgroup of KRAS codon 146 and FBXW7 mutations that had a slightly higher frequency.
High frequency,KRAS codon 146 mutation,FBXW7 mutation,Thai patients,Colon cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88691.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88691_0f02636f3cff3e9604419d1427f39e0d.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
A Correlative Study of N-Cadherin Expression with Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Projecting as a Marker of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Tumor Progression
2327
2332
EN
Harishchandra
Rai K
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KVG Dental College and Hospital Sullia, karnataka, India.
hrishrai700@gmail.com
Junaid
Ahmed
0000-0001-9419-0754
Department of Oral
Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE), Karnataka-576104, India.
junaid.ahmed@manipal.edu
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2327
Background: Epithelial cells typically express E-cadherin where as N-cadherin expressed by mesenchymal cells.<br />The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell-cell<br />adhesion, and gain migratory and invasive properties to become mesenchymal cells. EMT is typical for carcinoma cells<br />during tumor progression and correlate with the local invasiveness and metastatic potential of the tumor. Oral squamous<br />cell carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm arising from the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity. It can be classified<br />as well; moderate and poor depends on a tumor cells resemblance to its tissue of origin. Materials and Methods: A<br />total of 130 cases of histopathologically diagnosed as OSCC were selected for the study, out of which 66,38 and 26<br />were well, moderate and poorly differentiated respectively. One section was stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin<br />and the other section for N-cadherin immunohistochemical study. Then the N-cadherin expression was correlated<br />histopathologically with different grades of OSCC. Statistical analysis was carried out mainly by Chi-Square analysis.<br />Results: Among the 66 cases of WDSCC mean value of N-cadherin expression was 1.79, 38 cases of MDSCC mean<br />value of N-cadherin expression was 4.16 and among the 26 cases of PDSCC the mean value was 6.38.That means the<br />value of N- cadherin expression was progressively increasing with decreased differentiation of the tumor cells. The<br />statistical analysis also shown it was highly significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: A correlative study of N-cadherin<br />expression with different grades of OSCC will be useful to predict the state of tumor progression and also it may give<br />accuracy for histopathogical grading of the tumor.
oral squamous cell carcinoma,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,N-cadherin
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88681.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88681_7c3ffb2d19f4e822c34e41ec60274587.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Comparison Analysis of Linear Discriminant Analysis and Cuckoo-Search Algorithm in the Classification of Breast Cancer from Digital Mammograms
2333
2337
EN
Sannasi Chakravarthy
S R
0000-0002-0162-7206
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Anna University (Bannari Amman Institute of Technology), Sathyamangalam,
India.
elektroniqz@gmail.com
Harikumar
Rajaguru
0000-0002-2792-0945
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Anna University (Bannari Amman Institute of Technology), Sathyamangalam,
India.
harikumarrajaguru@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2333
Objective: Breast cancer is the most common invasive severity which leads to the second primary cause of death<br />among women. The objective of this paper is to propose a computer-aided approach for the breast cancer classification<br />from the digital mammograms. Methods: Designing an effective classification approach will assist in resolving the<br />difficulties in analyzing digital mammograms. The proposed work utilized the Mammogram Image Analysis Society<br />(MIAS) database for the analysis of breast cancer. Five distinct wavelet families are used for extraction of features<br />from the mammograms of MIAS database. These extracted features are statistical in nature and served as input to the<br />Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Cuckoo-Search Algorithm (CSA) classifiers. Results: Error rate, Sensitivity,<br />Specificity and Accuracy are the performance measures used and the obtained results clearly state that the CSA used<br />as a classifier affords an accuracy of 97.5% while compared with the LDA classifier. Conclusion: The results of<br />comparative performance analysis show that the CSA classifier outperforms the performance of LDA in terms of breast<br />cancer classification.
breast cancer,Mammogram,discriminant Analysis,cuckoo-search
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88686.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88686_c203f6e772f4fe387c0ec631eae30440.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Perception of Cancer Risk and Its Associated Risk Factors among Young Iraqis living in Baghdad
2339
2343
EN
Harith
Alaa
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif,
Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
harith004@gmail.com
Shamsul Azhar
Shah
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif,
Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
drsham@ppukm.ukm.edu.my
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2339
Cancer is responsible for substantial burden on communities and more specifically on less developed countries. The<br />incidence of cancer is on the rise due to population growth and aging, also due to increment of the risk factors such<br />as smoking, increasing weight, low physical activity associated with adoption of western lifestyle. Around 14 million<br />cases of new cancer and 8 million deaths from cancer is estimated to occur by 2012. This cross-sectional study was<br />conducted in Baghdad from June 2016 to October 2016. Participants were selected according to our inclusion criteria,<br />namely aged between 18 to 40 years and not being diagnosed with any chronic diseases. Those who fulfilled the<br />inclusion criteria were 700 participants who completed the questionnaire. Results showed that most of our participants<br />had low perceived susceptibility to cancer risk (62.4%), low perceived severity (59.8%), but good perceived benefits<br />of screening (56.6%). Hierarchal linear regression analysis showed that sociodemographic factors of gender, marital<br />status, and education level were statistically significant. Moreover, factors of health behaviour such as practice towards<br />health and preventive behaviour were associated with the outcome. Finally, treatment control and emotional factors were<br />mostly predicting the outcome. Perceived susceptibility to cancer along with its psychological factors and behaviour<br />were important contributors to self-perceived health in this study. Hence there is association between perception and<br />future morbidity and mortality, thus it is crucial for public health policy. Comprehensive health programs that include<br />health promotion campaigns and proper health care services that deals with secondary prevention.
cancer,Perception,young adults,Iraq
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88671.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88671_ecbb0f80270eee07023813e6bf24a044.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Genetic Variants Related to Cell Cycle and Stability of Telomere in Patients with Glioma
2345
2351
EN
Maria Clara Jessica
Calastri
0000-0003-4413-8207
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine , São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
mariaclarajessica@hotmail.com
Gabriela
Hattori
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine , São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
gabi.hattori@gmail.com
Nicolas Luz Toledo Ortega
Rodrigues
Departament
Molecular Biology on the Sao Paulo State University-“Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Campus- UNESP/IBILCE, Brazil.
nicolasbarretos@hotmail.com
Michele Lima
Gregorio
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine , São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
michele.mirassol@gmail.com
Camila Ive Ferreira Oliveira
Brancati
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine , São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
camila.oliveira@famerp.br
Eliane Milharcix
Zanovelo
Departament of
Patology of the Hospital de Base University Hospital of the Medical School of São José do Rio Preto - HB/FAMERP, Brazil.
eliane.zanovelo@terra.com.br
José Roberto Lopes
Ferraz Filho
Departament of
Patology of the Hospital de Base University Hospital of the Medical School of São José do Rio Preto - HB/FAMERP, Brazil.
jrl.ferraz@terra.com.br
Cassiano Merussi
Neiva
Department
of Physical Education of the Sao Paulo State University- “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Campus- UNESP/Campos de Bauru, Brazil.
merussi.neiva@unesp.br
Antonio Carlos Ponde
Rodrigues Junior
Departament of
Patology of the Hospital de Base University Hospital of the Medical School of São José do Rio Preto - HB/FAMERP, Brazil.
acprjunior@hotmail.com
Moacir Fernandes
de Godoy
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine , São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
mf60204@gmail.com
Carmen Lucia Penteado
Lancellotti
Department of Neurology of Santa Casa of São Paulo Medical Science College, Brazil.
luciapl@uol.com.br
Waldir Antonio
Tognola
Departament of Neurology of the Medical School
of São José do Rio Preto – FAMERP, Brazil.
tognola@famerp.br
Dorotéia Rossi Silva
Souza
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine , São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
doroteiasouza@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2345
Background: Glioma, most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, is highly aggressive and associated<br />with a poor prognosis. Evaluate the association of polymorphisms related of to the cell cycle, integrity and DNA repair<br />with gliomas, as well as lifestyle habits, comorbidities, survival and response to treatment. Methods: Were studied<br />303 individuals distributed into: Study Group - 100 patients with gliomas, regardless of the degree of malignancy, and<br />Control Group - 203 individuals without clinical signs of the disease. These polymorphisms were genotyped by TaqMan®<br />SNP Genotyping Assay. Significance level was set at 5%. Results: Smoking, alcohol consumption, systemic arterial<br />hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) prevailed in patients, compared to controls (P=0.0088, P=0.0001,<br />P=0.0001, P=0.0011, respectively). In the logistic regression analysis, alcohol consumption and SAH were identified<br />as independent risk factors for gliomas (P=0.0001, P=0.0027, respectively). Patients with low-grade gliomas showed<br />survival in one year (92.0±6.8%), compared to patients with high-grade gliomas (24.0±5.3; P=0.011). Conclusion:<br />Polymorphisms involved in cell cycle, telomere protection and stability and DNA repair are not associated with gliomas.<br />On the other hand, alcohol consumption and SAH stand out as independent risk factors for the disease. Low-grade<br />gliomas, response to treatment and the combination of chemotherapy with Temozolomide and radiation therapy show<br />increased survival of patients.
Glioblastoma,Polymorphism,magnetic resonance spectroscopy,astrocytoma
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88689.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88689_b9cc8d3cc733909092d0ab45014c358b.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Nannochloropsis Extract–Mediated Synthesis of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles, Characterization and In Vitro Assessment of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities
2353
2364
EN
Princely Ebenezer
Gnanakani
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Research Scholar, JNTUK, Andhra Pradesh, India.
sprincelympharm@gmail.com
Perumal
Santhanam
Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
santhanam@bdu.ac.in
Kumpati
Premkumar
Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
prems@bdu.ac.in
Kilari
Eswar Kumar
Department of Pharmacology, AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
ekilari@gmail.com
Magharla Dasaratha
Dhanaraju
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Director, GIET School of Pharmacy, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.
mddhanaraju@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2353
Objective: To investigate the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using partially purified ethyl<br />acetate extract of Nannochloropsis sp. hexane (EAENH) fraction of microalga. Methods: The green synthesis of<br />AgNPs was confirmed with UV-Vis spectrum which shows the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at 421 nm. Fourier<br />Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR) presented the involvement of functional groups like carboxyl groups of fatty acids,<br />tetraterpenoids of xanthophylls, hydroxyl groups of polyphenols, carbonyl and amide linkage of proteins in the AgNP<br />synthesis. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis (GCMS) revealed that phytochemicals like octadecanoic<br />acid and hexadecanoic acid imply in capping, bioreduction, and stabilization of AgNps. Result: High-resolution<br />Transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and EDX<br />analysis showed the crystalline form of the AgNPs with Z-average size 57.25 nm. The zeta potential value of -25.7<br />mV demonstrated the negative surface charge and colloidal stability of AgNPs. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs<br />displayed effective inhibition zone against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. In vitro, antioxidant effects were<br />assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide and reducing power assays which revealed<br />excellent scavenging potential for AgNPs than the extracts. The anti-proliferative potential of biofabricated AgNPs<br />and extracts on Human Non-small lung cancer cell line (A549) was assessed using 3–(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-<br />diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with IC50 values of 15 μgmL-1 and 175 μgmL-1 respectively. Conclusion:<br />The study reveals that the microalgae-mediated AgNPs possesses potent antimicrobial and antioxidant activity along<br />with the ability to stimulate apoptosis in A-549 cell line.
Nannochloropsis,Silver nanoparticles,Antioxidant activity,Cytotoxic activity
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88683.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88683_49ca6c62184c83ae96c0ce5301099f87.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Evaluation of Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Factor in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Recurrence
2365
2372
EN
Farah
Farzaneh
0000-0002-5062-4386
Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
farahzaneh@yahoo.com
Nafiseh
Faghih
0000-0002-5062-4386
Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
nafish.faghih@sbmu.ac.ir
Maryam Sadat
Hosseini
0000-0001-8303-3681
Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
hoseiny339@yahoo.com
Maliheh
Arab
0000-0002-2244-3529
Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
drmarab@yahoo.com
Tahereh
Ashrafganjoei
0000-0003-1105-0284
Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
dr_ganjoei@hotmail.com
Atyeh
Bahman
0000-0002-1005-3574
Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
atyeh81@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2365
Background: Immune system status is a factor related to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) recurrence.<br />neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a useful factor in assessing the immune status. The aim of this study was to<br />evaluate the prognostic value of NLR factor for CIN recurrence in patient who underwent excisional procedure and its<br />relationship with recurrence free survival (RFS). Methods: In this historical cohort study, a population of 307 patients<br />with CIN (confirmed by excisional pathology) from 2009 to 2017 were selected. NLR and hematologic factors were<br />measured before surgery and the follow-up records of these patient were analyzed. The recurrence rate and RFS were<br />assessed during the follow-up phase. Results: The NLR cut-off point of 1.9 was determined using the Youden Index.<br />NLRUnivariate analysis showed that higher NLR values (P<0.001), absolute neutrophilic counts (ANC) (P<0.001) and<br />platelet lymphocytic ratios (PLR) (P=0.002) were significantly associated with reduction in RFS. The results of Cox<br />regression showed that removing more tissue during excision (HR = 0.325; 95% CI (0.936-0.136) significantly reduced<br />the hazard of recurrence, higher NLR (HR = 4.55; 95% CI) (1.97-10.51) and white blood cell (WBC) count levels (HR<br />=1.27; 95% CI, 1.04-1.55), significantly decreased RFS, but PLR and ANC associated with RFS were not confirmed<br />by Cox regression. Conclusion: NLR and total WBC count might be prognostic factors involved in the prediction of<br />recurrence and RFS in CIN patient underwent excisional procedure. To confirm these results, more prospective studies<br />with larger sample sizes are needed.
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,Recurrence,Neutrophils,Lymphocytes,Blood Platelets
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88679.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88679_6a659d68f5143ea85bbc409cb9305319.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Stage of Breast Cancer Screening Adoption; The Role of Cognitive Predictors
2373
2378
EN
Ebrahim
Naimi
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
ebrahimn646@gmail.com
Mehdi
Mirzaei-Alavijeh
Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
mehdimirzaiea@yahoo.com
Touraj
Ahmadi-Jouybari
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
dr.ahmadi_jouybari@yahoo.com
Mari
Ataee
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
mari.attaei.21@gmail.com
Abbas
Aghaei
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Kurdistan, Iran.
aqaei.a@gmail.com
Hadi
Ahmadi Jouybari
Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran.
hadiaj1397@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2373
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. The present study investigated the stage of breast cancer<br />screening adoption and the role of some of the cognitive predictors in a sample of Iranian married women. There were<br />a total of 334 married women clients of eight health centers in Kermanshah city, the west of Iran, were randomly<br />selected to participate voluntarily. Women filled out a self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version<br />20 using One-way ANOVA, χ2-test, Fisher’s exact test, and bivariate correlations statistical tests at 95% significant<br />level. The mean age was 39.75 years [SD: 7.73]. Nearly 58.4%, 26.9%, 3%, 9.6%, and 2.1% of the respondents were<br />reported pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance of breast cancer screening adoption,<br />respectively. There was a significant association between age (P=0.005), and positive family history of breast cancer<br />(P=0.037), perceived susceptibility (P=0.005), perceived severity (P=0.001) and knowledge of symptoms (P=0.018)<br />with breast cancer stage of screening adoption. Our findings can provide better knowledge for the development and<br />implementing of stage-targeted breast cancer screening adoption promotion programs. We conclude that it seems that<br />the focus of health planner should be to rise to perceived severity; perceived susceptibility and knowledge of symptoms<br />of breast cancer about the promotion of breast cancer screening adoption an Iranian woman.
cancer,Health Programs Planning,Woman
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88703.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88703_916c93c707b4226913efce4ac3a902fd.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
microRNA-21 Expression as Prognostic and Therapeutic Response Marker in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients
2379
2383
EN
Masroor Ali Beg
Mirza
Department of Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard University,
New Delhi, India.
mirzamasroor1986@gmail.com
Sameer Ahmad
Guru
Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.
sameerahmadguru@gmail.com
Saleh Mohammed
Abdullah
Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, KSA.
sabdullah@jazanu.edu.sa
Aliya
Rizvi
Department of Pathology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India.
aliyarizv@gmail.com
Alpana
Saxena
Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, KSA.
biochempublications@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2379
Background: Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder categorized by malignant transformation of a single stem cell of hematopoietic cells. microRNAs (miRNAs) belong to transcription regulators in hematopoiesis and their altered expression associates with pathogenesis of CML. Aim: Current study aimed to access the miR-21 expression profile in CML patients and therapy response as well as its prognostic significance. Methods: 100 CML cases, 100 controls were included in study and miR-21 expression was analyzed. Overall 9.22 mean fold increased expression was observed in CML patients before treatment. Results: Patients with different CML phases such as chronic phase, accelerated phase and blast crisis showed 7.16, 10.30 and 13.20 fold increased expression respectively. Overall 3.57 mean fold expression was observed in imatinib treated patients suggested more than 5 fold decreased expression in CML patients. Prognostic significance was calculated and observed that miR-21 expression at 7.29 fold cutoff, 75% sensitivity and 50% specificity was observed (AUC=0.75, p<0.0001). Study observed miR-21 overexpression in CML patients as well as gradually increased expression with advancement of disease. Conclusion: miR-21 overexpression represented molecular prognostic marker and predictive tool enabling efficient monitoring of drug response and therapy outcomes in CML patients.
Chronic Myeloid,leukaemia,microRNA21,Prognosis biomarker
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88704.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88704_a3a302166f65d4d37f6cf5f005b0f9ea.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Gail Model Underestimates Breast Cancer Risk in Thai Population
2385
2389
EN
Doonyapat
Sa-nguanraksa
Division of Head Neck and Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
doonyapat051@yahoo.com
Thanyawat
Sasanakietkul
Division of Head Neck and Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
thanyawat@windowslive.com
Chayanuch
O-Charoenrat
Division of Head Neck and Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
14805@students.isb.ac.th
Anchalee
Kulprom
Division of Head Neck and Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
anchalee.kup@mahidol.ac.th
Pornchai
O-Charoenrat
Division of Head Neck and Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
pornchai.och@mahidol.ac.th
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2385
Background: The Gail model is the most widely used method for breast cancer risk estimation. This model has<br />been studied and verified for its validity in many groups but there has yet to be a study to validate the Gail model in a<br />Thai population. This study aims to evaluate whether the Gail model can accurately calculate the risk of breast cancer<br />among Thai women. Methods: The subjects were recruited from the Division of Head, Neck, and Breast Surgery,<br />Department of Surgery, Siriraj Hospital. The patients attending the division were asked to enroll in the study and<br />complete questionnaires. Gail model scores were then calculated. Relationships between parameters were examined<br />using the Pearson’s chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and independent-samples t-test. Results: There were 514<br />women recruited. Age, parity, age at first-live birth, and history of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) were significant<br />risk factors for breast cancer. The 5-year and lifetime risk score for breast cancer calculated by the Gail model were<br />not significantly different between the patient and the control subjects. The proportions of the subjects with lifetime<br />risk ≥20% were significantly higher in breast cancer patients (p=0.049). Conclusion: The Gail model underestimated<br />the risk of breast cancer in Thai women. Calibration of the model is still required before adoption in Thai population.
atypical hyperplasia,breast cancer,Gail model,Risk Assessment,Thai
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88687.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88687_80bf1efa60c9dab8ec9f85264a91c89d.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Retrospective Study of the Effect of Statins on the Outcome of Lung Cancer Patients, University of Cincinnati Experience
2391
2396
EN
Ola
Gaber
0000-0003-3113-8902
Department of Hematology-Oncology, Division of Internal Medicine, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of
Cincinnati, 3125 Eden Ave, Cincinnati OH 45267, United States.
drs_olagaber@yahoo.com
Ihab
Eldessouki
Department of Hematology-Oncology, Division of Internal Medicine, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of
Cincinnati, 3125 Eden Ave, Cincinnati OH 45267, United States.
ihab_del@yahoo.com
Rammey
Hassan
Department of Hematology-Oncology, Division of Internal Medicine, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of
Cincinnati, 3125 Eden Ave, Cincinnati OH 45267, United States.
hassanrm05@gmail.com
Mohamed
Magdy
Children Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.
m.magdii@live.com
John C
Morris
Department of Hematology-Oncology, Division of Internal Medicine, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of
Cincinnati, 3125 Eden Ave, Cincinnati OH 45267, United States.
morri2j7@ucmail.com
Nagla
Abdel Karim
Department of Hematology-Oncology, Division of Internal Medicine, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of
Cincinnati, 3125 Eden Ave, Cincinnati OH 45267, United States.
karimnf@ucmail.uc.edu
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2391
Objectives: Numerous studies addressed the effect of statin on cancer patients. The aim of this study is to define the<br />effect of statin administration with chemotherapy on the patients’ outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively researched<br />the database of the University of Cincinnati cancer to identify lung cancer patients who received statins (S+, n=41)<br />during their treatment in our institute. We also, retrieved data for contemporaneously treated patients who did not<br />receive statins (S-, n=159) as a control arm. Clinico-demographical data and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using<br />Pearson’s Chi-square (χ2) test and Kaplan-Meier survival curves with Log-rank test. Adjustment using Cox proportional<br />hazard ratios (HR) were done based on (age, gender, race and stage) to identify effect of statins on their outcomes.<br />Results: The median age for S+ was 64y (IQR; 55-69) and 71.2% of the patients were white. Histopathology was<br />55.4% and 31.7% for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. Fifty-six percent were stage IV in<br />each study arm and the median OS was14.9 m. Median OS was insignificantly lower in S–ve arm (13.7 vs 15.6 months;<br />P=0.652, HR=0.91, 95%CI 0.52-1.57). Our results show that after different types of adjustments, S+ did not show<br />survival advantage (P>0.05) compared to the control arm. Conclusion: While showing an increase in overall survival<br />in patients with advanced lung cancer, the results of this study did not reach statistical significance. This could be due<br />for the small sample size of this retrospective study.
Lung cancer,Statins,Apoptosis,survival,Retrospective
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88692.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88692_bda979d9f4f73905eec007a21a5a3193.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Risk Modulation of Oral Pre Cancer and Cancer with Polymorphisms in XPD and XPG Genes in North Indian Population
2397
2403
EN
Kumud
Nigam
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
simran.nigam39@gmail.com
Suresh Kumar
Yadav
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
sky2653498@gmail.com
Fahad M
Samadi
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
drfahadsamadi@yahoo.co.in
Madan LB
Bhatt
Department of Radiotherapy, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
drmlbhatt@yahoo.com
Shalini
Gupta
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
sgmds2002@yahoo.co.in
Somali
Sanyal
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
ssanyal@lko.amity.edu
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2397
Background: Environmental carcinogens cause DNA damages which if not repaired properly, may increase the<br />risk of cancer. The Xerodermapigmentosum group D (XPD) and group G (XPG) genes are essential genes for DNA<br />repair and alteration in DNA repair causes cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between XPD<br />and XPG polymorphisms and risk of oral pre cancer and cancer. Methods: Present study genotyped 302 samples of<br />oral diseases and 300 controls for XPD (A/C) and XPG (G/C) polymorphisms with PCR-RFLP method. Results: Our<br />result showed that compared to AA genotype frequency of AC and CC genotype for XPD(A/C) polymorphism were<br />significantly lower among cases than in control and are associated with decreased risk of oral diseases (OR= 0.621<br />and 0.603 respectively). In contrast with reference to GG genotype the frequency of CC genotype of XPG (G/C) was<br />significantly higher in case than in control population (p value=0.004) and found to increase the risk of oral diseases<br />(OR= 2.077). Particularly C allele for XPD A/C polymorphism was found to be associated with decreased risk of Lichen<br />planus and increased risk of ( OR = 0.470 and 1.541 respectively) oral cancer. While C allele of XPG G/C polymorphism<br />significantly increased the risk of Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Leukoplakia (OR= 1.879 and 1.837 respectively) but<br />not of Lichen planus and oral cancer. In combined genotype analysis from the aforesaid polymorphisms presence of C<br />allele for XPD (A/C) polymorphisms were found to decrease the risk of oral diseases. However, the same C allele was<br />observed to increase the chance of having high stage disease (OR= 5.71) with nodal involvement (OR= 6.78) once the<br />cancer been initiated. Conclusion: This work shows association of XPD (A/C), XPG (G/C) polymorphisms with the<br />development of pre oral cancer as well as oral cancer and its clinical courses.
Oral pre cancer and cancer,XPD,XPG,PCR-RFLP,gene polymorphism
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88680.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88680_0cbe6684ea4295efb671f698959f4d31.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
The Application Value of Serum HE4 in the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer
2405
2407
EN
Yuhui
Wang
Weifang City People’s Hospital, Weifang, China.
wangyuhui6767@163.com
Zhenming
Wang
Weifang City People’s Hospital, Weifang, China.
wzm196@163.com
Yansheng
Ding
Weifang City People’s Hospital, Weifang, China.
yansheng6767@163.com
Fengqiang
Sun
Weifang City People’s Hospital, Weifang, China.
sunfengqiang@163.com
Xiaomei
Ding
Weifang City People’s Hospital, Weifang, China.
523698382@qq.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2405
Background: To investigate the clinical value of HE4 detection in the diagnosis of lung cancer and the clinical<br />significance of combined detection with CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1. Methods: 90 cases of lung cancer, 30 cases of<br />pulmonary tuberculosis, 30 cases of pneumonia and 30 cases of health physical examination were selected. The levels<br />of serum HE4, CYFRA21-1, CEA and NSE were detected by electrochemiluminescence method. Statistical analysis was<br />performed to observe the sensitivity and specificity. Results: The levels of serum HE4, CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in<br />lung cancer group were significantly higher than those in tuberculosis group and health physical examination group.<br />There was no significant difference in the levels of HE4, CEA and NSE between the lung cancer group and the pneumonia<br />group, the difference of CYFRA21-1 level was statistically significant (p<0.05).With health physical examination<br />group as normal controls, the sensitivity and specificity of combined detection of HE4, CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in<br />the diagnosis of lung cancer were 82.2% and 90.0%,and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.907, followed by HE4<br />(0.867), CYFRA21-1 (0.787), CEA (0.752) and NSE (0.747). Conclusion: HE4 can be used as a serological marker for<br />the diagnosis of lung cancer. The combined detection of HE4, CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 can improve the diagnosis of<br />lung cancer. Serum HE4 levels are highly specific in distinguishing between lung cancer patients and normal population,<br />and are equivalent to CYFRA21-1; but they are less specific than CYFRA21-1 in distinguishing lung cancer patients<br />from pneumonia patients.
Keywords: HE4,CYFRA21-1,CEA,NSE,Lung cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88690.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88690_332074d6a25f74dd84ed27f6abdf9506.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
The Utility of Urine-Based Sampling for Cervical Cancer Screening in Low-Resource Settings
2409
2413
EN
Sasidharanpillai
Sabeena
0000-0002-2099-9312
Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Manipal,
Karnataka, India.
sabeenauthradam@gmail.com
Santhosh
Kuriakose
Gynecologic Oncology Division,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Government Medical College,
Kozhikode, Kerala,
India.
skuriakosep@gmail.com
Damodaran
Binesh
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.
drbinesh4@gmail.com
Jazeel
Abdulmajeed
Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Manipal,
Karnataka, India.
jazeel.mcvr@gmail.com
Giselle
Dsouza
Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Manipal,
Karnataka, India.
giselle.gizie@gmail.com
Amrutha
Ramachandran
Gynecologic Oncology Division,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Government Medical College,
Kozhikode, Kerala,
India.
amrutharamachandran@yahoo.com
Bindu
Vijaykumar
Department of Radiation Oncology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode,
Kerala, India.
bindu.vk@gmail.com
Sushama
Aswathyraj
Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Manipal,
Karnataka, India.
aswathyraj2587@gmail.com
Santhosha
Devadiga
Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Manipal,
Karnataka, India.
santhoshbailur123@gmail.com
Nagaraja
Ravishankar
0000-0003-4334-819X
Department of
Statistics, Prasanna School of Public health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnatka,
India.
ravi8133@gmail.com
Govindakarnavar
Arunkumar
0000-0002-3114-0415
Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Manipal,
Karnataka, India.
arunviro@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2409
Background: WHO has recommended Visual Inspection with Acetic acid (VIA) or Human Papillomavirus (HPV)<br />DNA testing if feasible, for cervical cancer screening in low income countries. However, the number of women<br />undergoing screening is very low as a result of limited information, inadequate infrastructure and invasive nature of<br />sampling. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out comparing HPV DNA detection by Polymerase Chain<br />Reaction (PCR) in paired cervical and urine samples procured from histologically confirmed cervical cancer cases.<br />Results: Amongst the samples collected from 114 cervical cancer cases, HPV DNA was tested positive in cervical<br />samples of 89 (78.1%) and urine samples of 55 (48.2%) patients. The agreement between the two sampling methods<br />was 66.7% and the kappa value was 0.35 indicating a fair agreement. The sensitivity of HPV detection using urine<br />samples was 59.6% (95% confidence interval 49.16%-69.15%) and the specificity was 92% (95% confidence interval<br />75.0%-97.8%). Conclusion: Even though not acceptable as an HPV DNA screening tool due to low sensitivity, the<br />urine sampling method is inexpensive and more socially acceptable for large epidemiological surveys in developing<br />countries to estimate the burden.
Cervical cancer,DNA,HPV,Sampling,Urine
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88688.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88688_811d1dc0c74ea4dd66121d260854ca88.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Sequential Administration of EGFR-TKI and Pemetrexed Achieved a Long Duration of Response in Advanced NSCLC Patients with EGFR-mutant Tumours
2415
2420
EN
Chen
Yue-Yun
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
13027469041@163.com
Hong
Ye
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
1049133273@qq.com
Fu
Yang
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
2998591679@qq.com
Li
Qing
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
liqingnel@163.com
Lin
Pan-Pan
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
494223487@qq.com
Ding
Zhen-Yu
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
dingzhenyu@scu.edu.cn
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2415
Objectives: The optimal combination of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors<br />(TKIs) and chemotherapy has helped to improve therapeutic effects in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study<br />aimed to explore the progression free survival (PFS) of patients after sequential administration of TKI and pemetrexed<br />chemotherapy. Methods: This study retrospectively screened treatment-naive advanced NSCLC patients harbouring<br />EGFR mutations who were prescribed a TKI and salvaged with pemetrexed chemotherapy or vice versa. The total,<br />initial and salvage PFS were collected. Results: The total PFS including both the initial and salvage PFS was 18.0 mon<br />(95% CI: 14.1–21.9 mon), which was not influenced by the sequence of administration (TKI first: 18.0 mon, 95% CI:<br />15.8–20.2 mon, pemetrexed first: 16.1 mon, 95% CI: 9.1–23.1 mon, HR 0.92, P=0.748). A longer PFS was achieved<br />for TKI over chemotherapy in both the initial (10.6 and 5.9 mon, HR 2.62, P=0.001) and salvage therapy (12.0 and 6.0<br />mon, HR 1.29, P=0.001). TKI remained effective either before (10.6 mon) or after (12.0 mon) chemotherapy (HR 0.96,<br />P=0.853). The same trend was observed for chemotherapy (5.9 and 6.0 mon for initial and salvage therapy, respectively,<br />HR 0.82, P=0.417). Conclusions: The sequential administration of TKI and pemetrexed chemotherapy achieved a long<br />PFS and was a suitable treatment for advanced NSCLC.
NSCLC,EGFR-TKI,sequential administration,Pemetrexed,PFS
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88707.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88707_d2d8e0dc5110c93f601bbcaa0c9fddb3.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Egyptian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients
2421
2427
EN
Neemat M
Kassem
Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear
Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
nkkassem@hotmail.com
Nashwa
Medhat
Molecular Oncology Unit, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear
Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
nashwamedhat@hotmail.com
Hebatallah A
Kassem
0000-0002-6033-6839
Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear
Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
heba.kasem@hotmail.com
Mohamed A
El-Desouky
Faculaty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
madesouky@hotmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2421
Background: Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disorder with variable genetic abnormalities and<br />cytogenetic alterations which provide a significant disease prognosis and determine response to therapy. Purpose: We<br />aim to investigate the expression of the MDR1 gene in 100 Egyptian AML patients, to identify their role on both the<br />progression and chemotherapeutic refractoriness together with assessment of known prognostic molecular markers;<br />FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations. Methodology: Quantitative assessment of MDR1 gene expression was performed<br />by quantitative RT-PCR. Additional prognostic molecular markers were determined as internal tandem duplications of<br />the FLT 3 gene and nucleophosmin gene mutation A. Results: MDR1 gene expression levels and FLT3/ITD mutations<br />were significantly higher in AML patients with resistant disease with P value NPM1 was insignificantly higher in patients with CR P-value 0.14. In MDR positive group, wild FLT3/ITD with or<br />without NPM1 mutation was favorable in achieving CR with p value 0.02. MDR negative group, wild FLT3/ITD with<br />or without NPM1 mutation showed insignificantly higher CR rates with p value (0.35). Kaplan-Meier curves revealed<br />statistically significant difference between MDR1-negative and MDR1-positive patients regarding their DFS and OS<br />between the two groups where DFS and OS were higher in MDR1-negative patients with p value 0.004 and 0.01,<br />respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained by the current work together with the previous researches concerning<br />the study of multidrug resistance genes in AML patients provide additional evidence of the role played by these genes<br />as predictors of chemoresistance and poor treatment outcome.
acute myeloid leukemia,Chemoresistance,Treatment outcome
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88673.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88673_f990ce6274cfea29b42e72e44af25f52.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
A Qualitative Study of Parental Knowledge and Perceptions of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer Prevention in Rural Central Java, Indonesia: Understanding Community Readiness for Prevention Interventions
2429
2434
EN
Belinda Rina Marie
Spagnoletti
0000-0001-5531-9279
Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
belinda.spagnoletti@unimelb.edu.au
Linda Rae
Bennett
0000-0002-6472-4185
Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
lbennett@unimelb.edu.au
Amirah Ellyza
Wahdi
Center for Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia.
amirah.wahdi@gmail.com
Siswanto Agus
Wilopo
0000-0003-1284-7228
Center for Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia.
sawilopo@yahoo.com
Christina Alexandra
Keenan
Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
chrissyakeenan@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2429
Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths among Indonesian women. Pilot prevention<br />programs, including human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for young adolescent girls, and cervical screening for<br />women, have been implemented. However, many communities are yet to receive these interventions, nor targeted<br />education regarding CC prevention. This study explored community readiness and acceptance of HPV vaccination<br />and CC screening, as well as knowledge and perceptions of HPV and CC, to determine facilitators and barriers to<br />upscaling CC prevention in rural Central Java. Methods: Qualitative data collection in October 2015 consisted of four<br />focus group discussions with married women and men, and 22 semi-structured interviews with married women. All<br />57 participants, 39 women and 15 men, lived in Purworejo Regency in rural Central Java. Results: Most participants<br />had no knowledge of HPV or the causal link between HPV and CC. However, most participants were supportive of<br />vaccinating their children against HPV. Most participants had heard of cervical cancer, although understandings of<br />symptoms and causes were very poor. Less than half of the women interviewed had undergone CC screening. Multiple<br />barriers to screening were reported, including: a dislike of pelvic exams; embarrassment at being screened by a male;<br />anxiety over the cost; fearing a positive result; and being asymptomatic and thus not perceiving the need for screening.<br />Conclusions: Extensive community education about HPV and CC, targeting women and men, adolescents, health<br />workers and teachers, is crucial to support the introduction of the HPV Demonstration Program and the upscaling of<br />CC screening. Low incomes among rural families underline the need for the HPV vaccine to be provided free within<br />the National Immunization Program, and for CC screening to be free at primary health clinics.
human papillomavirus,Cervical cancer,Vaccination,Parental acceptance,Community readiness
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88699.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88699_c487d7bbf5461935734ba8b2551adb98.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
An Internal Control for Evaluating Bisulfite Conversion in the Analysis of Short Stature Homeobox 2 Methylation in Lung Cancer
2435
2443
EN
Vo Thi Thuong
Lan
Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
vothithuonglan@hus.edu.vn
Vu Lan
Trang
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, École normale supérieure, PSL Research University,
CNRS, INSERM, APHP, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), Paris, France.
lantrang.vu@gmail.com
Nguyen Thuy
Ngan
Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
thuyngannguyen112@gmail.com
Ho Van
Son
175 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
hosonbiochem175@gmail.com
Nguyen Linh
Toan
Department of Pathophysiology, Medical
University, Ha Dong, Vietnam.
toanngl@vmmu.edu.vn
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2435
Objective: The methylation status is considered as powerful diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers.<br />However, the limited DNA amount and conversion efficiency after bisulfite treatment are considerable hindrances in<br />quantitative methylation analysis. In this study, we designed an artificial internal control (IC) system that contained<br />the cytosine-free fragment (CFF) following CpG sequences of the SHOX2 promoter whose methylation status has<br />been described as a valuable biomarker of lung cancer. Its performance in quantifying DNA recovery and bisulfite<br />conversion efficiency as well as in detecting false-positive SHOX2 methylation was determined on samples from<br />lung cancer patients. Material and Methods: The IC system is composed of two pConIC and pUnIC plasmids that<br />both contain a cytosine-free (CF) sequence derived from the CFF and the CpG containing SHOX2 sequences. They<br />are identical in sequence, except that in the ConIC insert, all cytosines have been converted into thymines. Thus, the<br />ConIC can be used as calibrator of 100% bisulfite conversion efficiency, while the UnIC is the indicator in order to<br />evaluate the DNA recovery, bisulfite conversion efficiency of the SHOX2 promoter sequence by quantitative real time<br />PCR. Results: The copy number of the target sequences impacted on both DNA recovery rates and bisulfite conversion<br />efficiency. An amount of 0.005 ng pUnIC (106 copies) showed recovery rate of 18%, similar to that of pConIC, and a<br />bisulfite conversion efficiency of the SHOX2 reaching 98.7%. On the contrary, higher copy number of pUnIC showed<br />incomplete conversion (<85%) and over recovery (~42%). Using this calibrator/indicator couple, we were able to detect<br />false-positive SHOX2 methylation (3.77% instead of 0.03%) due to incomplete bisulfite conversion.Conclusion: Our<br />results proposed a customizable internal control using the ConIC/UnIC as calibrator/indicator to quantify simultaneously<br />and accurately the DNA recovery and bisulfite conversion efficiencies of individual sequence as well as whole genome<br />in methylation assays, thus promoting the validation of standardized clinical DNA methylation biomarker values to<br />progress toward clinical applications.
SHOX2 promoter methylation,DNA recovery,Bisulfite conversion efficiency,Internal Control – IC
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88674.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88674_43602c6c6e33f447545a7885c3076889.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Transcriptome and Network Dissection of Microsatellite Stable and Highly Instable Colorectal Cancer
2445
2454
EN
Vahid
Akbari
0000-0001-8005-7776
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada.
vahid.akbari@alumni.ubc.ca
Marzieh
Kallhor
Department of
Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
m.kalhor@modares.ac.ir
Behrouz
Mollashahi
Department of Cellular-Molecular Biology, Faculty
of Biological Sciences and Technologies Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
behrouzmolla@gmail.com
Abolfazl
Movafagh
0000-0001-7402-7677
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
movafagh.a@sbmu.ac.ir
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2445
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide with high number of mortality<br />every year. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a considerable feature of CRC which affects prognosis and treatment.<br />High level of MSI or MSI-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer has better prognosis and immunotherapy response, while<br />microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC has better response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy. More studies are<br />needed, specifically on MSS CRC which has worse prognosis, to further reveal biological differences and similarities<br />between MSS and MSI colorectal cancer, which may equip us with the knowledge to develop more promising therapeutic<br />approaches to target both types or be more effective for each type. Methods: We aimed to find affected biological<br />processes and their regulators in both type, MSS and MSI-H, of CRC; as well as reveal specific ones in each type.<br />We applied meta- and network analysis on freely available transcriptome data in MSS and MSI-H colorectal cancer<br />from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database to detect common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and critical<br />biological processes and predict their most significant regulators. Results: Our results demonstrate considerable up<br />and downregulation in cell cycle and lipid catabolism processes, respectively; and introduced MYC and FOXM1<br />as two central and up-stream regulators of DEGs in both type of CRC. Chemokine-mediated processes displayed<br />up-regulation in MSI-H type, while metastasis-related processes showed more activation in MSS CRC. Additionally,<br />DACH1 and TP53 were detected as two important transcription factors that differentially expressed just in MSS and<br />MSI-H, respectively. Conclusion: Our results can explain why MSI and MSS CRC display different immunotherapy<br />response, prognosis, and metastasis feature. Moreover, our predicted up-stream regulators in the regulatory networks<br />may be promising therapeutic targets.
Biological processes,Transcription factor,FoxM1,DACH1,Tp53
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88695.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88695_ec6ce05a4f8ab34f2ba629c25db2d2a7.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Transcriptional Regulation of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Related Genes by Lipopolysaccharide in Human Cervical Cancer Cell Line HeLa
2455
2461
EN
Shaian
Tavakolian
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
shaian.tvk@gmail.com
Hossein
Goudarzi
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
goudarzihossein016@gmail.com
Gita
Eslami
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
eslamii@gmail.com
Ebrahim
Faghihloo
0000-0002-8669-305X
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
faghihloo@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2455
Objective: Cancer is one of the common diseases in the world, and cervical cancer is the fourth one. In this type of cancer, many risk factors, especially infectious diseases, such as human papilloma virus (HPV) and gram-negative bacteria can have important effects on the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition related genes like Snail, E-cadherin, and ZEB-1, responsible for connecting cell tissues. In this study, we have investigated the effect of Escherichia coli O111:B4 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on HPV positive cell line (HeLa), the expression level of the (Snail, E-cadherin, and ZEB-1), HPV oncogenes (E6, E7) and also microRNA-9, 192. Materials and Methods: HeLa cell line was treated with LPS to analyze Snail, E-cadherin, ZEB-1, E6, E7 and also microRNA-9, 192 expression by quantitative real-time PCR in 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: Quantitative real-time PCR revealed a significant reduction in E-cadherin mRNA level at 10ug/L of LPS in three time-points and after 24 hours at 5ug/L of LPS; however, ZEB-1 at 10ug/L of LPS and Snail at 5, 10ug/L of LPS are up-regulated. E7 also illustrated a slight increase, but we did not find any relationship between E7 and LPS treatment. Additionally, there are upward trends in microRNA-9, 192 levels. Conclusion: The result of this study, LPS is able to reduce E-cadherin expression, caused by increase in repressor E-cadherin protein expression and some microRNAs, probably. Since bacterial infection can be in cervical site, it is likely to be effective in reducing the E-cadherin expression in the EMT and enhance cancer process, therefore; removing these infections by using the appropriate antibiotics may result in slowing down this process, which requires more research.
HPV,LPS,Snail,E-cadherin,ZEB-1
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88701.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88701_a367be78a471597600047c81d4a3b0fd.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Physical and Radiobiological Evaluation of Accelerated Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer and Comparison with Short-Term Clinical Outcomes
2463
2470
EN
Rekha Reddy
Buchapudi
Department of Radiation Physics,
Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.
rekha_289@yahoo.co.in
Ravikumar
Manickam
Department of Radiation Physics,
Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.
drmravi_59@yahoo.com
Anil Kumar
M R
Department of Radiation Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.
dranil.onco@gmail.com
Tanvir Pasha
C R
Department of Radiation Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.
drtanirpasha1@gmail.com
Varatharaj
Chandraraj
Department of Radiation Physics,
Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.
drvaratharaj@gmail.com
Anil
Pyakuryal
Department of Physics and Engineering, University of District of Columbia, Washington DC, USA.
apyaku1@uic.edu
Ganesh
Narayanasamy
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
nganesh76@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2463
Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the accelerated intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) of head<br />and neck (HandN) treatments using physical indices and radiobiological models with its clinical correlation using<br />histogram analysis in radiation therapy (HART). The radiobiological evaluation in terms of tumor control probability<br />(TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) indices were compared with acute toxicity. Materials and<br />Methods: A total of twenty patients with stage III and IV of HandN cases treated with accelerated IMRT using 6MV<br />photons were chosen for the study. Using HART software, physical indices of the IMRT plans have been defined by<br />universal plan indices (UPI’s) which summarize the various recognized plan indices. The overall quality factor (QF)<br />of a plan was determined by a linear combination of all indices in UPI set. The clinical outcomes in terms of the acute<br />toxicity like dysphagia and xerostomia were compared with NTCP values of the OAR calculated from HART software.<br />Results: The mean QF and the mean Poisson TCP index was found to be 0.993±0.02 and 0.86 ±0.02 respectively. The<br />mean JT Lyman NTCP index for bilateral parotid, constrictors, and larynx were found to be 0.23±0.14, 0.30±0.17 and<br />0.22±0.15 respectively. The acute toxicities in terms of severity of xerostomia and dysphagia have shown a moderate<br />correlation with NTCP values of bilateral parotids, constrictors, and larynx, respectively. Conclusion: The mean<br />QF based on UPI was found to be close to unity, which correlates with being a better IMRT plan. The present study<br />suggested the existence of a moderate correlation between the calculated NTCP values and their respective severities<br />of the organ at risk (OAR’s). Accelerated IMRT with chemotherapy is a clinically feasible option in the treatment<br />of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with encouraging initial tumor response and<br />acceptable acute toxicities.
head and neck,Histogram,TCP,NTCP,IMRT
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88685.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88685_ee1ea3359daa3a923fc7b837faa74e1e.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Prognostic Significance of Cyclin D1 Over-expression in Colorectal Cancer: An Experience from Madinah, Saudi Arabia
2471
2476
EN
Abdulkader Mohammed
Albasri
Department of Pathology, Taibah University, Universities Road, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
abdbasri@hotmail.com
Mohammed Aboulmatty
Elkablawy
Department of Pathology, Taibah University, Universities Road, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Irfan Altaf
Ansari
Department of Pathology, Taibah University, Universities Road, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed Safar
Alhujaily
Department of Pathology, King Fahd Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2471
Background and study aim: Cyclin D1 is a key regulatory protein in the cell cycle and is over-expressed in<br />many tumors, including endometrial, thyroid, urothelial, breast, brain gliomas, and esophageal cancers. The main<br />aim of the present study is to examine the expression pattern of cyclin D1 and its correlation with the different<br />clinicopathological features in patients with colorectal camcer (CRC) from the Madinah region of Saudi Arabia.<br />Patients and methods: The archival tumor blocks were analyzed using immunohistochemistry for Cyclin D1<br />over-expression in 324 CRC patients diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2017, at the Department of Pathology,<br />King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Results: Cyclin D1 over-expression was absent in normal mucosa, while<br />15% cases of adenoma showed its over-expression. In CRC, Cyclin D1 was expressed at high levels in 24.1% of case.<br />No significant correlation was observed between Cyclin D1 over-expression and age, gender, tumor size, type and<br />location. However, Cyclin D1 over-expression exhibited a significant correlation with tumor differentiation (p=0.04),<br />lymph node involvement (p=0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.001), distant metastasis (p=0.006) and AJCC staging<br />(p=0.001). The Kaplan-Meir analysis revealed a shorter period of survival with Cyclin D1 over-expression (p=0.000).<br />The Cox-regression model analysis showed that Cyclin D1 over-expression was an independent prognostic marker<br />in CRC (p=0.000). Conclusion: Cyclin D1 over-expression increases during normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence.<br />The significant association observed between Cyclin D1 over-expression, advanced tumor stage and short survival<br />period clearly suggest the role of Cyclin D1 in the carcinogenesis and progression of CRC.
Cyclin D1,colorectal,cancer,Prognosis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88705.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88705_a52d615e094c03c66c552c0f27aac30b.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Risk of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of a Case-Control Study
2477
2483
EN
Hassan
Rafieemehr
0000-0003-3904-5671
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
rafee135298@gmail.com
Fereshteh
Calhor
Students Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
fereshtekalhori@gmail.com
Hossein
Esfahani
0000-0002-2291-3412
Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
hesfehani@yahoo.com
Somayeh
Ghorbani Gholiabad
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
s.ghorbani.gh@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2477
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children. Different<br />environmental factors might be effective in the occurrence of this malignancy during childhood. The aim of this study<br />was to find environmental risk factors in childhood ALL in Hamadan, Iran. Methods: This case-control study was<br />done in 2015-2018 on 125 children younger than 15 years of age suffering from ALL. Patients were matched with<br />130 controls with respect to age, gender, and residence location. The identification of risk factors for ALL was sought<br />based on the comparison of studied variables between case and control individuals. Results: A statistically significant<br />increased risk for ALL was found with regard to type of delivery (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20 - 0.92, p˂0.02), childcare<br />(OR: 4.58, 95% CI: 0.95 - 22.20, p˂0.04), birth weight (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.53 - 2.21, p˂0.006), father’s education<br />level (OR: 2.67, 95% CI: 1.10 - 6.45, p˂0.02), and father’s job (OR: 0.2 95% CI: 0.08 - 0.51, p˂0.001). Also observed<br />were increased odds for ALL regarding male gender, mother’s high education level, mother’s freelance job, and medium<br />or high family income. No association with ALL incidence was observed for age, gender, breastfeeding, mother’s age<br />at pregnancy, malignancy in first- or second-degree relatives, or mother’s use of hair dye during pregnancy (p> 0.05).<br />Conclusion: This study showed that father’s education level, father’s job, delivery type, birth weight, and childcare<br />can play a role in the incidence of childhood ALL.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia,children,Parents,risk factors
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88682.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88682_41ea5775aa64ee4406d2372adbb9ad11.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Studies on Fundamental Interaction Parameters for Stainless Steel and Titanium Biomaterials Using Flattened and Un-Flattened Megavoltage X-Ray Beams
2485
2491
EN
Tamilarasan
Rajamanickam
0000-0002-5080-159X
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560004, India.
rajtamil83@gmail.com
Sivakumar
Muthu
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560004, India.
sivam1985@gmail.com
Perumal
Murugan
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560004, India.
perumal.medphy@gmail.com
Muddappa
Pathikonda
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560004, India.
drpmuddappa@gmail.com
Krishnamoorthy
Senthilnathan
Department of Physics, SAS, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
senthilnathan.k@vit.ac.in
Narayanasamy Arunai
Nambi Raj
Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
narunainambiraj@vit.ac.in
Padmanabhan
Ramesh Babu
Department of Physics, SAS, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
prameshbabu@vit.ac.in
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2485
Purpose: This work presents the measure of fundamental interaction parameters like mass attenuation coefficient<br />(μ/ρ), mean energy, total atomic (σa) and electronic (σe) cross section, effective atomic number (Zeff), electron density<br />(Nel) and mean free path (mfp) using FF and UF megavoltage x-ray beam for high Z implants. Methods: Narrow beam<br />geometry is used to find out mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ) (MAC) which is then used to calculate mean energy (using<br />NIST data), total atomic (σa) and electronic cross section (σe) for different energies. The effective atomic number (Zeff),<br />Electron density (Nel), mean free path (mfp) for both flattened and unflattened x-ray beams for high Z material stainless<br />steel (SS316) and titanium alloy (Grade 5) are studied. Results: The mean energies calculated from NIST data against<br />mass attenuation coefficient were in good agreement with Monte Carlo value. It shows that spectral weighted effective<br />atomic number is independent of megavoltage energies in the Compton region. Effective electron density calculated<br />using Zeff and MAC method is lesser compared to direct method for both high Z materials. The mean free path (mfp)<br />is higher along the central axis than off-axis for flattened beam in comparison to unflattened beam for both of the high<br />Z materials studied because of the variation in energy spectrum for both FF and UF x-ray beams. Conclusion: This<br />study elaborated the fundamental interaction parameters of different energies of flattened and unflattened x-ray beam<br />interactions with high Z materials such as Stainless Steel (SS316) and Titanium (Grade5) relevant in a clinical scenario.
Mass attenuation coefficient,Total atomic and electronic cross-section,Effective atomic number,Electron density,Mean free path
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88675.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88675_924de972bdb119a4eed7adc93ea4b0e7.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Gene Combination of CD44 rs187116, CD133 rs2240688, NF-κB1 rs28362491 and GSTM1 Deletion as a Potential Biomarker in Risk Prediction of Breast Cancer in Lower Northern Thailand
2493
2502
EN
Kamonpat
Sapcharoen
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
kamonpat.ks@gmail.com
Phanchana
Sanguansermsri
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
phanchana@hotmail.com
Sukkid
Yasothornsrikul
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
sukkid@gmail.com
Kanha
Muisuk
Department of Forensic Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
mkanha@kku.ac.th
Metawee
Srikummool
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
metaweesr@nu.ac.th
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2493
Background: Biomarkers play an important role in oncology, including risk assessment, treatment prediction, and<br />monitoring the progression of disease. In breast cancer, many genes are used as biomarkers. Since, several SNP variations<br />of hallmark – related genes have been reported to be of value in risk prediction in various cancers and populations, some<br />genetic polymorphism loci were combined and reported as biomarkers for use in the risk assessment of breast cancer<br />in Thai people. Methods: Twelve cancer gene hallmarks (15 polymorphic loci) were selected and genotyped in 184<br />breast cancer patients and 176 healthy individuals in Phitsanulok, Thailand. Results: AA genotype of CD44 rs187116<br />(c.67+4883G>A), the C allele of CD133 rs2240688 (c.*667A>C), the *2 allele (4 bp deletion) of NF-κB1 rs28362491<br />and the homozygous null allele genotype of GSTM1 were significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer<br />(p<0.05). A combination of these 4 significant loci showed that AA-AA-*1*1-homozygous null allele genotype has the<br />greatest correlation with increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 21.00; 95% CI: 1.77 to 248.11; p = 0.015), followed by<br />GA-AA-*2*2- homozygous null allele genotype (p = 0.037) and GG-AC-*1*2- homozygous null allele genotype (p<br />= 0.028). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the polymorphisms of CD44 rs187116 (c.67+4883G>A), CD133<br />rs2240688 (c.*667A>C), NF-κB1 rs28362491 and GSTM1 homozygous null allele genotype might be associated with<br />an increased risk of breast cancer, and this gene combination could possibly be used as biomarkers for risk prediction,<br />which would be of benefit in planning health surveillance and cancer prevention.
breast cancer,Cancer surveillance,Genetic biomarker,Polymorphism
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88696.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88696_d174632afbf51999a9459ac2ded9536f.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Dual Glycation-Inflammation Modulation, DPP-IV and Pancraetic Lipase Inhibitory Potentials and Antiproliferative Activity of Novel Fluoroquinolones
2503
2514
EN
Shereen
Arabiyat
0000-0001-7456-2848
Salt College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt 19117, Jordan.
shereen.arabiyat@bau.edu.jo
Violet
Kasabri
0000-0003-1927-0193
School of Pharmacy, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan.
hotice162@gmail.com
Yusuf
Al-Hiari
School of Pharmacy, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan.
hiary@ju.edu.jo
Ihab
AL-MASRI
Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry, AlAzhar
University Gaza, Palestine Territory, Palestine.
ihabalmasri@yahoo.com
Sundus
Alalawi
School of Pharmacy, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan.
sundos2002@yahoo.com
YASSER
BUSTANJI
School of Pharmacy, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942 Jordan.
bustanji@ju.edu.jo
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2503
Paramount efforts by pharmaceutical industry to identify new targets for obesity-diabetes (Diabesity) pharmacological<br />intervention have led to a number of agents developed and directed at DPP IV [dipeptidyl peptidase IV] enzyme<br />inhibition thereby enhancing endogenous insulinotropic incretins. Besides antioxidative-antiinflammtory molecules<br />that inhibit accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be good candidates for ameliorating diabetic<br />complications. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have been identified recently as potent inhibitors of pancreatic lipase (PL). The<br />suggested association between obesity and colorectal cancer initiated the evaluation of antiproliferative activity of the<br />new FQs and TFQs against a panel of obesity related colorectal cells (HT29, HCT116, SW620 CACO2 and SW480).<br />The aim of the current study is to examine the potential of newly synthesized FQs and triazolofluoroquinolones (TFQs)<br />derivatives as dual inhibitors for glycation and inflammation, DPP IV inhibitors, PL inhibitors for dual management of<br />obesity and diabetes, as well as antiprolifertaive efficacy against colorectal cancer cell lines. Sulforodamine B (SRB)<br />colorimetric assay revealed that some derivatives exhibited unselective cytotoxity against HT29, HCT116, SW620<br />CACO2 and SW480. The superior antiglycation activity of the reduced derivatives 4a and 4b over that of aminoguanidine<br />with respective IC50 (μM) values of 3.05±0.33 and 8.51±3.21; none of the tested synthetic compounds could perform<br />equally effectively to Diprotin A, a dose dependent inhibitor of DPP IV. Compounds 4a, 5a, 3b, 4b and 5b demonstrated<br />anti-inflammatory IC50 values exceeding that of indomethacin. Compounds 3a and 4a showed IC50 lower than 10 μM<br />as PL inhibitors. In conclusion, FQ and TFQ derivatives may unveil new antiobesity and anticancer agents in the future.<br />Our research qualifies FQs and TFQs as promising candidates for the development of related α-dicarbonyl scavengers<br />as therapeutic agents to protect cells against carbonyl stress.
Fluoroquinolones,glycation-inflammation,Obesity,colorectal cancer,DPP IV-diabesity
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88702.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88702_c4f74528680e60856a627f877461d802.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Diagnostic Performance of microRNA-122 and microRNA-224 in Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
2515
2522
EN
Somaia
Shehab-Eldeen
0000-0003-1429-0363
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.
somaia.shehab@med.menofia.edu.eg
Ali
Nada
Department of Hepatology, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Egypt.
ali_nada1981@yahoo.com
Dalia
Abou-Elela
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.
aboeleladalia@yahoo.com
Sherin
El-Naidany
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.
sherinsobhy@ymail.com
Eman
Arafat
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.
dr.emimohamed@yahoo.com
Thoria
Omar
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.
thoraya_omar@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2515
Background and objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a potential health problem in Egypt because of<br />the high prevalence of HCV infection. Using alpha-fetoprotein for diagnosis is unsatisfactory especially in early stages.<br />Many studies showed that microRNAs (miRNA) expression may be associated with the development and progression<br />of various types of cancer including HCC and it may serve as biomarkers for diagnosis. This study examined two<br />miRNAs which are miRNA-122 and miRNA-224 if it could serve as biomarkers for diagnosis of HCC. Methods: This<br />study included 20 patients with HCV-induced HCC and 20 patients with HCV-induced liver cirrhosis for comparison.<br />As well as 20 healthy volunteers as controls. All participants were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, and<br />determination of serum alpha-fetoprotein. Quantification of plasma miRNA-122 and miRNA-224 was done by real-time<br />quantitative PCR. Results: Our results showed that levels of miRNA-122 were significantly lower in HCC group compared<br />to the cirrhosis group and controls, while levels of miRNA-224 were significantly higher. The levels of both miRNAs<br />have a correlation with tumor size. Moreover, the diagnostic accuracy of miRNA-122 (sensitivity 95%, specificity 81%,<br />p-value <0.001) and of miRNA-224 (sensitivity 85%, specificity 79%, p-value <0.001) in discriminating patients with<br />HCC from patients with liver cirrhosis were higher than that of alpha-fetoprotein (sensitivity 70%, specificity 70%,<br />p-value <0.05). In addition, combining any one of these miRNAs with alpha-fetoprotein will increase the diagnostic<br />accuracy compared to using each marker alone. Conclusion: miRNA-122 and miRNA-224 could serve as biomarkers<br />for the diagnosis of HCC.
Hepatocellular carcinoma,miRNA-122,miRNA-224
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88697.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88697_0b8fd90655bd78513a58eebc13177380.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Methylation of Glutathione-S-Transferase P1 Promotor in Egyptian Females with Breast Cancer
2523
2530
EN
Thanaa Fathy
Moghazy
Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
thanaa.moghazy@yahoo.com
Hoda Aly
ElAttar
Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
hoda.ali55151@yahoo.com
Mona Kamal
Eldeeb
0000-0001-8831-6381
Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
mona.eldeeb@alexu.edu.eg
Radwa Mohammed
Rashad
Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt.
radwarashad22@yahoo.com
Ayman Mohamed
Farouk
Department of Clinical and Rxperimental Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria
University, Egypt.
draly71@gmail.com
Assmaa Mostafa
Farag
Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria
University, Egypt.
dr-asmaa-mostafa@hotmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2523
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer after the lung cancer worldwide and number one killing cancer in Egyptian females . It is a multifactorial disease driven by different environmental, hormonal, genetic and epigenetic factors. Epigenetic alterations have been studied in cancer breast. Role of GSTP1 promotor methylation in breast cancer has been studied in different ethnic groups. Objectives: Current study aimed at studying the methylation status of the promotor region of glutathione-S-transferase P1 in breast ductal carcinoma of a cohort group of Egyptian females and its correlations with histopathological and prognostic parameters. Methods: Control group included 15 fresh normal breast tissues taken from BC female patients after leaving a clearly defined safety margin and a Patient group included confirmed 35 fresh breast ductal carcinoma tissue biopsies taken from female patients postoperatively. To all patients clinical examination, radiological examination (plain X-ray chest and or CT scan, ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis were done), in addition to histopathological examination, typing, grading and staging of tumour, hormonal receptors status and molecular typing of breast mass. GSTP1 methylation status was evaluated using methyl specific polymerase chain reaction. Results: Statistical significant increase was found in methylation status of GSTP1 promotor gene in BC cases than that in control group, (60% of patients samples had methylated GSTP1 promotor vs only 6.7% of controls) (p= >0.001). No association was found between GSTP1 promotor methylation status and the poor prognostic factors neither with hormonal profile nor molecular type. However, GSTP1 promotor methylation were two times higher in postmenopausal than premenopausal cases and three times higher in late grade (III). Also GSTP1 promotor methylation was 2.4 times higher in Her2 positive cases than either ER or PR positive cases. Conclusion: Glutathione-S-Transferase P1 Promotor methylation plays a role in breast cancer development.
GSTP1 Promotor,Epigenetics,Cancer Breast
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88700.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88700_d9bddf44c81596949e79f6e2ed154181.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
An Assessment of Dosimetric Characteristics of Inline 2.5 Mega Voltage Unflattened Imaging X-Ray Beam
2531
2539
EN
Tamilarasan
Rajamanickam
0000-0002-5080-159X
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
rajtamil83@gmail.com
Sivakumar
Muthu
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
sivam1985@gmail.com
Perumal
Murugan
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
perumal.medphy@gmail.com
Chinnaiah
Dinesan
Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
dinesanchinnaiya@gmail.com
Chandrasekaran
Mekala
Principal Clinical Scientist and Stereotactic Lead, University Hospital Southampton NHS FT, Tremona Rd, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
mekalachandrasekaran@gmail.com
Krishnamoorthy
Senthilnathan
Department of Physics, SAS, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
senthilnathan.k@vit.ac.in
Narayanasamy
Arunai Nambi Raj
Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
narunainambiraj@vit.ac.in
Padmanabhan
Ramesh Babu
Department of Physics, SAS, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
prameshbabu@vit.ac.in
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2531
Purpose: The aim of this work is to study the dosimetric parameters of newly introduced 2.5 MV imaging x-ray beam used as inline imaging to do setup verification of the patient undergoing radiation therapy. As this x-ray beam is in megavoltage range but comprises of a lower energy spectrum. It is essential to study the pros and cons of 2.5 MV imaging x-ray beam for clinical use.Methods: The mean energy was calculated using the NIST XCOM table through MAC. Profile analysis was done using RFA to understand the percentage depth dose, degree of unflatteness, symmetry, penumbra and out of field dose. Dose to skin for the 2.5 MV x-ray beam was analysed for field sizes 10x10 cm2, 20x20 cm2, 30x30 cm2. Leakage measurements for treatment head and at the patient plane were done using IEC 819/98 protocol. Finally, the spatial resolution and contrast were analyzed with and without patient scatter medium. Results: The MAC at 15 cm off-axis was found to be lower than that at the CAX. Similarly, there was a decrease in mean energy from 0.47 MV to 0.37 MV at 15 cm off-axis. The reduction of mean energy towards off-axis is lower than the other high energy MV x-ray beams. The tuned absolute dose of 1 cGy/MU is consistent and within < ±1 %. The relative output factors were found to be in correlation with Co-60. The beam quality of 2.5 MV x-ray beam was found to be 0.4771. The profile parameters like the degree of unflatness of the 2.5 x-ray beam were studied at 85 %, 90 %, 95 % lateral distances, and the penumbra at different depth and field sizes are higher than the 6 MV treatment beam. In addition, out of field dose also drastically increases to a maximum of up to 30 % laterally at 5cm at deeper depths. The skin dose increases from 48.51 % to 88.15 % from 6 MV to 2.5 MV x-ray beam for the field size 10x10 cm2. Also, the skin dose increases from 88.15 % to 91.78 % from the field size 10x10 cm2 to 30x30 cm2. Although the measured leakage radiation for 2.5 MV x-ray beam at the patient plane and other than patient planes are with the tolerance limit, an increase in exposure towards gantry side compared to other areas around treatment head and the patient plane may lead to more skin dose to head and chest while imaging pelvis region. The MLC transmission of 2.5 MV x-ray beam such as inter, intra and edge effect are 0.40 %, 0.37 % and 11% respectively. The spatial resolution of 2.0, 1.25 and 0.9 LP/mm was observed for KV, 2.5MV, and 6 MV x-ray beams. The spatial resolution and contrast of 2.5 MV x-ray beam are superior to 6 MV x-ray beam and inferior to KV x-rays. Conclusions: The 2.5 MV x-ray imaging beam is analysed in view of beam characteristics and radiation safety to understand the above-studied concepts while using this imaging beam in a clinical situation. In future, if 2.5MV x-ray beam is used for treatment purpose with increased dose rate, the above-studied notions can be incorporated prior to implementation.
Mean Energy,Skin Dose,Leakage Radiation,Spatial Resolution and Contrast,Radiation Field Analyzer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88708.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88708_e6b1cfbbc169865f26c61bd8c8a9ee66.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Counselling as a Tool for Tobacco Cessation in a Dental Institution: Insights from India
2541
2550
EN
Gururaghavendran
Rajesh
0000-0001-8476-6393
1Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.
drrajeshgrao@gmail.com
Audrey S
Pinto
Professor and Head, Department of
MSc. Counselling, School of Social Work, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
audpin@gmail.com
Almas
Binnal
0000-0001-6995-8741
Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of
Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
dr_almas123@yahoo.co.in
Dilip
Naik
Professor and Dean, Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of
Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
dilip.naik@manipal.edu
Ashwini
Rao
0000-0002-2474-5010
Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of
Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
ashwini.rao@manipal.edu
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2541
Background: Tobacco related mortality and morbidity is a growing public health problem world over. Counselling<br />has emerged as an important arsenal in the battle against tobacco. Involving experts other than traditional medical<br />health workers may be critical. Aim of the present study was to explore various aspects related to Tobacco cessation<br />counselling among Indian dental students. Methods: Overall, 241 undergraduate students from Manipal College of Dental<br />Sciences, Mangalore participated in the present investigation. A structured, pretested, self-administered questionnaire<br />was used to ascertain knowledge, attitude, behavior, perceived effectiveness and barriers and socio-demographic<br />details. Willingness to counsel patients and undergo further training counselling was also assessed. Results: Mean<br />knowledge, attitude, behavior, perceived effectiveness and barrier scores were 2.94 (±2.08), 51.84 (±5.63), 19.25<br />(±8.79), 16.17 (±1.96) and 42.39 (±5.65) respectively. Age was significantly correlated with knowledge; while year<br />of study revealed significant correlations with knowledge and behavior (p<0.05). Lack of motivation, poor attitude of<br />patients; lack of knowledge and skills emerged as barriers. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that year of<br />study, attitude, behavior and barrier scores were significant predictors for respondents ever counselled their patients<br />(p<0.05). Conclusions: Knowledge and behavior scores of the respondents towards Tobacco cessation counselling<br />were low, but a majority of the subjects were willing to counsel and undergo training. Year of study, attitude, behavior<br />and barrier scores emerged as significant predictors of counselling for Tobacco use. The present study has important<br />policy implications and highlights curriculum changes in making Tobacco cessation counselling more relevant and<br />effective among Indian dental students.
Tobacco cessation,counselling practices,Barriers,Dental students
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88706.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88706_401dbfd323f34f9d1eaabd52267faecf.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
The Carcinogenic Agent Diethylnitrosamine Induces Early Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Proliferation in Rat Liver, Stomach and Colon: Protective Effect of Ginger Extract
2551
2561
EN
Dina F
Mansour
0000-0002-5656-2462
Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
dinaf.mansour@gmail.com
Heba M I
Abdallah
0000-0002-2001-9572
Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
heba21_5@yahoo.com
Bassant M M
Ibrahim
0000-0003-4668-9811
Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
bmmih1974@gmail.com
Rehab R
Hegazy
0000-0002-2586-2104
Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St. (former EL Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
rehab_hegazy@hotmail.com
Reham S E
Esmail
Department of Pathology,
Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.
rehamelnemr@yahoo.com
Lubna O
Abdel-Salam
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
lobystar2004@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2551
Background: Diethylnitrosamine (DENA), a well-known dietary carcinogen, related to cancer initiation of various<br />organs. The present study investigated the deleterious mechanisms involved in the early destructive changes of DENA<br />in different organs namely, liver, stomach and colon and the potential protective effect of GE against these mechanisms.<br />Methods: Adult male albino rats were assigned into four groups. A normal control group received the vehicle, another<br />group was injected with a single necrogenic dose of DENA (200 mg/kg, i.p) on day 21. Two groups received oral GE<br />(108 or 216 mg/kg) daily for 28 days. Sera, liver, stomach and colon were obtained 7 days after DENA injection. Serum<br />aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were detected as well as reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde,<br />nitric oxide metabolites, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and nuclear factorerythroid<br />2-related factor2 (Nrf2) in liver, stomach and colon. Histopathological studies and immunohistochemical<br />examination of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) were conducted. Results: DENA induced elevation in liver function enzymes<br />with significant increase in oxidation and inflammation biomarkers and AFP while decreased levels of Nrf2 in liver,<br />stomach and colon were detected. Histologically, DENA showed degenerative changes in hepatocytes and inflammatory<br />foci. Inflammatory foci displayed increased expression of COX2 in immunohistochemical staining. GE-pretreatment<br />improved liver function and restored normal GSH with significant mitigation of oxidative stress and inflammatory<br />biomarkers compared to DENA-treated group. AFP was reduced by GE in both doses, while Nrf2 increased significantly.<br />Histology and immunostaining of hepatic COX-2 were remarkably improved in GE-treated groups in a dose dependent<br />manner. Conclusion: GE exerted a potential anti-proliferative activity against DENA in liver, stomach and colon via<br />Nrf2 activation, whilst suppression of oxidation and inflammation.
diethylnitrosamine,Ginger extract,oxidative stress,Inflammation,Proliferation
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88710.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88710_d50a22011f0c8134d593f6965d1bb3ca.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
20
8
2019
08
01
Preliminary In Vitro Effects of CD8+ T Lymphocyte Specific for the CD20 Alternative Splicing D393-CD20 Peptide Expressed on Burkitt Lymphoma Cells
2563
2568
EN
Hamid
Chegni
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
h.chegini2010@yahoo.com
Zuhair M
Hassan
Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
hasan_zm@modares.ac.ir
Roberto
Nisini
Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
roberto.nisini@iss.it
Marzieh
Ebrahimi
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
mebrahimi@royaninstitute.org
Farzaneh
Sabouni
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
sabouni@nigeb.ac.ir
10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2563
The effective discovery of clinically relevant tumor antigens holds a fundamental role for the development of<br />new diagnostic tools and anticancer immunotherapies. D393-CD20 mRNA is absent from normal resting B cells but<br />present in various malignant or transformed B cells. CD8+T lymphocytes play a central role in immunity to cancer.<br />In this study, we want use from T CD8+ against D393-CD20 for effect in RAMOS cell line. After isolation and<br />expanding of specific TCD8 + Lymphocyte against D393-CD20 antigen, for examining the effect of specialized T<br />lymphocyte clone of D393-CD20 antigen on RAMOS cell line, we co-cultured them together, and the rate of apoptosis<br />were examined by flow cytometry and cytotoxicity techniques by using MTT technique. We observed that specialized<br />TCD8+ lymphocyte of D393-CD20 antigen can induce apoptosis in malignant B-lymphocytes, and this antigen can<br />be a proper target for immunotherapy.
CD8+ T Lymphocyte,alternative splicing,D393-CD20 peptide,Burkitt lymphoma
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88711.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88711_b1bcfc6ba0bf541ec503316325ea8fa7.pdf