West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Opisthorchiasis, Acetaminophen Overdose and Cholangiocarcinoma : Correspondence
1
1
EN
Rujittika
Mungmunpuntipantip
Private Academic Consultant, Bangkok Thailand.
rujittika@gmail.com
Viroj
Wiwanitkit
Honorary Professor, Dr DY Patil University, Pune, India; visiting professor, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
wviroj@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.1
Opisthorchiasis,Acetaminophen,cholangiocarcinoma
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89947.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89947_d28fa9a65a6dc5b1de8a3e20f9a7a321.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Corrected and Republished from: Socioeconomic Predictors of Trends in Cancer Mortality Among Municipalities in Japan, 2010–2019
3
12
EN
Tasuku
Okui
0000-0001-5098-8502
Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka City, Japan.
task10300@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.3
Background: A study investigating associations between various socioeconomic factors and standardized mortality ratios (SMR) of each type of cancer among municipalities in Japan has not been conducted using the data of the past decade. Herein, we investigated the predictors of a recent trend of municipal SMRs of cancer using the Vital Statistics in Japan and revealed the change in the SMRs depending on the identified predictors. Methods: Data on cancer mortality for each municipality in 2010 and 2019 were used. We calculated empirical Bayes SMR (EBSMR) for each municipality by type of cancer and sex and then fitted a multiple linear regression model using possible predictors in 2010 as explanatory variables and the EBSMR in 2019 as the outcome variable. We also classified municipalities into quintiles based on the values of an identified predictor in 2010, and SMRs of each type of cancer in 2010 and 2019 were calculated for each quintile. Results: The population was positively associated with EMSMRs of multiple cancer types, whereas educational level was negatively associated with EMSMRs of multiple cancer types. In addition, SMRs of municipalities with the lowest educational level deteriorated from 2010 to 2019 for many cancer types among men and women, and the difference between municipalities with the highest and lowest educational level for the SMR of cancer in all sites widened in 2019 for men. On the other hand, the SMR of municipalities with the highest educational level or the largest population tended to be higher than municipalities with lower counterparts in both 2010 and 2019 for women. Conclusion: There was a difference in the trend of the SMRs of multiple types of cancer depending on municipal educational level, whereas municipalities with larger population or educational level continued to have higher SMRs of cancer in all sites for women.
cancer,mortality,Municipalities,Urbanization,vital statistics
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89952.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89952_a777aac3d60d827d719c72cdb5543a09.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Association of Estrogen-Related Polygenetic Risk Scores with Breast Cancer and Interactions with Alcohol Intake, Early Menarche, and Nulligravida
13
24
EN
Sang Shin
Song
Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea.
ssscho@empas.com
Suna
Kang
Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea.
roypower003@naver.com
Sunmin
Park
0000-0002-6092-8340
Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea.
smpark@hoseo.edu
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.13
Backgrounds: Early menstruation, late menopause, no pregnancy, and genetic factors are known risk factors of the disease, but their effects may differ in Asian and Caucasian women. The purpose of this study was to identify genetic variants of genes related to estrogen signaling in a large city hospital-based cohort and to determine their interactions with lifestyles. Methods: This is a case-control study. Three hundred ninety participants diagnosed with breast cancer were compared with 36,290 controls(no cancer)to explore the genetic variants to influence breast cancer risk. Based on GWAS results, the selected genetic variants were subjected to their interactions by generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) analysis. Results: Early menstruation(OR=1.55), early menopause (OR=1.70), and no experience of pregnancy(OR=2.86) had a positive association with breast cancer risk(P<0.05). The selected polygenetic risk score(PRS) models included four SNPs and seven SNPs: The four-SNP PRS model included CDH13_rs12600325, SMYD3_rs3753686, FGF12_rs2134635, and ESRRB_rs10873289, and in the seven-SNP PRS model, ESR1_ rs2046210, estrogen-related receptor gamma(ESRRG)_rs17043393, and EGFR_ rs6958497 were added into the four-SNP PRS model. Early menstruation, early menopause, and no pregnancy experience interacted with four-SNP PRS. For the participants who had early menstruation and early menopause, high-PRS had an association with a much higher breast cancer risk than the low-PRS in the four-SNP model. However, metabolic parameters, nutrient intakes, and different dietary patterns did not interact with PRS for breast cancer risk. However, alcohol intake interacted with PRS for breast cancer risk (OR=2.33 and 8.07 for mild and moderate alcohol consumption, respectively; P=0.0004). Conclusion: Consideration of age at menarche and menopause, pregnancy experience, and alcohol intake may be required to reduce breast cancer risk in women with a high-PRS of genes related to the estrogen signaling pathway.
gene-gene interaction,breast cancer,Oestrogen receptor,Polygenic risk scores,alcohol
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89918.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89918_ebeea611164dc4298deb47e16b3e2158.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Developing a Prediction Score for the Diagnosis of Malignant Pleural Effusion: MPE Score
25
31
EN
Chaichana
Chantharakhit
0000-0003-4859-7611
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhasothorn Hospital, Chachoengsao, Thailand.
chaichana.md@gmail.com
Nantapa
Sujaritvanichpong
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhasothorn Hospital, Chachoengsao, Thailand.
nantapas@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.25
Background: The objective of this study was to develop a diagnostic prediction model for diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) from pleural fluid cytology (MPE score). Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of pleural fluid cytology was conducted in patients with MPE between 2018 and 2020. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the potential predictors. The selected logistic coefficients were transformed into a diagnostic predictive scoring system. Internal validation was done using the bootstrapping procedure. Results: The data of pleural fluid cytology from 155 MPE patients were analyzed. Seventy-eight positive pleural cytology patients were found (50.32%). Lung cancer was the cancer most commonly sent for pleural fluid testing, with 66.67% positive cytology. The predictive indicators included pleural fluid protein > 4.64 g/dL, pleural fluid LDH > 555 IU/L, and pleural fluid sugar > 60 mg/dL. Lung mass from imaging and double tap for pleural cytology were used for the derivation of the diagnostic prediction model. The score-based model showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.74 (95% CI 0.66-0.82). The developed MPE score ranged from zero to 17. The cut-off point was 15 with 88.31% of specificity, 37.18% of sensitivity, positive predictive value of 0.76, and negative predictive value of 0.58. The measurement of the calibration was illustrated using a calibration plot (p-value = 0.49 for the Hosmer-Lemeshow based goodness of fit). Internal validation with 1,000 bootstrap resampling showed a good discrimination. Conclusions: The MPE score, as the diagnostic prediction model can be used in planning for more efficient diagnosis of MPE in patients with cancer under MPE.
MPE score,pleural fluid cytology,diagnostic prediction model,malignant pleural effusion
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89919.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89919_2d3dd76476b2267b9a5b517b2a26e92a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Factors Contributing to Non-Attendance of GI Endoscopic Procedures in a Tertiary Care Center in the Middle East
33
37
EN
Israa
Hadaib
Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
hadaibi@clevelandclinicabudhabi.ae
Pascale
Anglade
0000000246519751
Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
pascale_anglade@hotmail.com
Halah
Ibrahim
0000-0002-9240-7726
Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
halahibrahimmd@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.33
Introduction: The cancer burden in the Middle East is high and growing. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer for both men and women in the UAE. Although early diagnosis of malignancy reduces morbidity and increases the survival rates, non-attendance of gastroenterology (GI) endoscopic procedures is a significant global problem, which can lead to delay in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Several factors have been found to contribute to non-attendance behavior, including socioeconomic, cultural, and organizational related barriers. The purpose of this study was to identify factors contributing to non-attendance behavior among outpatients scheduled for GI endoscopic procedures in a tertiary hospital in the United Arab Emirates. We conclude with recommendations that can help in reducing the rate of patient no-shows for GI endoscopic procedures in the region. Methods: In a tertiary medical center in the Middle East, we surveyed patients who did not attend their scheduled GI endoscopic procedures over a period of one year. The questionnaire sought to identify possible reasons for patient’s non-attendance. Descriptive measures including means, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages were used to analyze the demographic characteristics of the study participants. The chi-square test was performed to analyze gender differences. Results: Of 314 outpatients who met study inclusion criteria, 168 agreed to participate (53.5% response rate). The majority of participants were women (n=96, 60.4 %), aged 18 to 73, with a mean of 42 years. The largest age group was between 35 and 44 (n=46, 28.9 %). Approximately equal numbers of non-attendance appointments were scheduled for combined colonoscopy and upper endoscopy (36.3 %), colonoscopy alone (31.3 %), or upper endoscopy alone (31.3 %). The most common causes for cancellation or non-attendance included concerns about the appointment (35.5%), inconvenient timing of the appointment (27.9%) and changes in medical status (26.4%). Gender differences were noted for non-attendance behaviors, with women significantly more likely than men to report feelings of embarrassment (Chi-square 6.261, df=1, p=.012). Conclusion: Our study has identified several barriers to patient attendance of endoscopic procedures, as well as opportunities to reduce the rate of patient no-shows, including patient education, scheduling options, and protocols to minimize discomfort and misconceptions around GI endoscopic procedures, particularly accommodating for same gender endoscopists, with the ultimate goal of increasing early cancer screening and prevention.
Gastroenterology,Endoscopy,Barriers,non-attendance,United Arab Emirates
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89949.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89949_5e59e5323ad2503c6060746ecc1c73e5.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
In 2D and 3D Cell Culture Models, Effects of Endothelial Cells on E-cadherin / β-catenin Expression Levels and Spheroid Sizes in Ishikawa Cells
39
51
EN
Mervenur
Kalender
0000-0002-0885-3417
Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
mervenurkalender@gmail.com
Muhammet
Volkan
Bulbul
0000-0003-1526-2065
Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
mvbulbul@medipol.edu.tr
Bircan
Kolbasi
0000-0001-7933-4262
Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
bkolbasi@medipol.edu.tr
Ilknur
Keskin
0000000270591884
Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
ilknurkeskin@medipol.edu.tr
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.39
Objective: Increasing evidence shows that three dimensional cell culture models better reflect the in vivo tumor microenvironment than two dimensional cell culture models. Co-culture models are ideal cell culture models for understanding the communication between cells and the in vivo microenvironment. Changes in expression levels of E-cadherin are closely related to cancer metastasis and progression. β-catenin mediates cell adhesion of E-cadherin. Endothelial cells are stromal cell components in the tumor microenvironment. It is known that there is little or no expression of E-cadherin in endothelial cells. Methods: In our study, both two-dimensional and three dimensional mono-culture and co-culture models were created using Huvec and Ishikawa cells (endometrial cancer cell lines) to better reflect cell interactions. Spheroids were followed for three days in the three-dimensional cell culture model. E-cadherin and β-catenin expression levels of two-dimensional and three dimensional mono-culture and co-culture models were measured by immunofluorescence staining. Spheroid images were recorded using a Z-stack. Intensity measurements in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional mono-culture and co-culture models were made using the Image J software. Study groups were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA). Values of p <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The size of the co-culture spheroids was recorded significantly larger than the mono-culture spheroids (p <0.0001). In two (p = 0.0175) and three dimensional models (p <0.0001), expression levels of E-cadherin in the mono-culture of Ishikawa cells were recorded significantly higher than in Huvec and co-culture cells. Likewise, while the expression levels of β-catenin were higher in the mono-culture of Ishikawa cells in two-dimensional models (p <0.05), no significant difference was observed in three dimensional models (p> 0.05). Conclusion: In summary, it has been noted that the expression levels of E-cadherin are significantly reduced in co-cultures of Ishikawa cells with Huvec cells in both two and three dimensions . These results support the idea that endothelial cells may cause changes in endometrial cancer progression by suppressing E-cadherin expression in Ishikawa cells.
E-cadherin,Co-culture,Spheroid,β-catenin,Immunofluorescence
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89920.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89920_009c0c65586d0317652c9c9cc1e4d2bc.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Effects of a Self-Monitoring Quality of Life Intervention in Outpatients with Breast Cancer: A Preliminary Report of A Randomized Controlled Trial
53
59
EN
Ayako
Matsuda
0000-0002-2036-5360
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
amatsuda@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp
Kenichi
Inoue
Division of Breast Oncology,
Saitama Cancer Center, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, Japan.
ino@cancer-c.pref.saitama.jp
Manami
Momiyama
Division of Breast Oncology,
Saitama Cancer Center, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, Japan.
momiyama.manami@neues.co.jp
Kobayashi
Kunihiko
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University
International Medical Center, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan.
kobakuni@saitama-med.ac.jp
Kaoru
Kubota
Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology Graduate School
of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
kkubota@nms.ac.jp
Soerindra
S.R.S.
Ramai
Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,
the Netherlands.
s.r.s.ramai@lumc.nl
Maarten
J.
Fischer
Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
m.j.fischer@sea.leidenuniv.nl
Judith
R.
Kroep
Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
j.r.kroep@lumc.nl
Adrian
A.
Kaptein
0000-0002-1333-7679
Department of
Medical Psychology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
a.a.kaptein@lumc.nl
Kazue
Yamaoka
Teikyo University Graduate School of Public
Health, Tokyo, Japan.
kazue@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.53
Objective: This preliminary report used data from a randomized controlled clinical trial to investigate the beneficial effects of a self-monitoring quality of life (SMQOL) intervention on communication, medical care and patient outcomes in Japanese women with breast cancer. Methods: This study compared a SMQOL intervention group with a control group that received usual care after 4 months on self-efficacy aspects of patient–physician communication among outpatients with breast cancer in Japan using the Perceived Efficacy in Patient–Physician Interactions (PEPPI) questionnaire. Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups using permuted-block randomization. The intervention groups were asked to complete a paper-based quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaire in addition to the usual care provided in the control group. Analysis of covariance was used to assess the difference in PEPPI scores between the intervention and control groups. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed for outpatients with breast cancer accompanied by depression or anxiety. Results: In total, 232 patients were eligible for this study and randomized. Seven patients did not answer the PEPPI questionnaire at baseline after group allocation, leaving 225 patients for inclusion in the analyses. The modified intention-to-treat ITT analysis showed the SMQOL intervention had no significant effect on PEPPI total score (P = 0.226). We found a significant between-group difference in PEPPI total score in the anxiety group (P = 0.045), namely, the self-efficacy aspects of patient–physician communication of those with anxiety in the intervention group were better than for those in the control group after 4 months. Conclusion: Use of the SMQOL had beneficial effects on communication self-efficacy between patients and physicians for outpatients with breast cancer, those with anxiety.
physician,patient relationship,self-monitoring,self-efficacy,communication
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89954.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89954_a68fe0f8c4672c99c3013c5cf7648fb6.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Curcumin Encapsulated into Biocompatible Co-Polymer PLGA Nanoparticle Enhanced Anti-Gastric Cancer and Anti-Helicobacter Pylori Effect
61
70
EN
Jawed
Alam
0000-0003-1176-0876
Department of Immunology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India.
jawedalam81@gmail.com
Fahima
Dilnawaz
Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Life Science, Bhubaneswar, India.
fahimadilnawaz@gmail.com
Sanjeeb
Kumar
Sahoo
Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Life Science, Bhubaneswar, India.
sanjeebsahoo2005@gmail.com
Durg
Vijai
Singh
Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.
durg.singh@gmail.com
Asish
Kumar
Mukhopadhyay
Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India.
asish1967@gmail.com
Tahziba
Hussain
Department of Immunology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India.
tahziba_hussain@hotmail.com
Sanghamitra
Pati
0000-0002-7717-5592
Department of Immunology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India.
drsanghamitra12@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.61
Background: The current disadvantages (high cost, toxicity, resistance) of chemotherapy for gastric cancer opted people for alternative therapy from natural source. Curcumin (natural product) possess multiple biological activities but low bio-availability limits their uses as therapeutic. The Nano-formulation of curcumin increased the bioavailability and productivity of anti-cancer and anti-bacterial properties. The present study was initiated to determine the anti-cancer and anti-bacterial effect of Nano curcumin against gastric cancer and H. pylori. Methods: Curcumin loaded PLGA nanoparticles (CUR-NPs) was prepared by single emulsion solvent evaporation method. The MIC were determined using agar dilution method to find the anti-H. Pylori activity of Nano curcumin. The cytotoxicity of Nano curcumin was evaluated by MTT assay and the apoptotic effect (cell cycle arrest and morphology change) was shown by PI staining and microscopy. Results: The MIC of nanocurcumin and curcumin for all four H. pylori strains were 8 µg/ml and 16 µg/ml respectively. The inhibition rate of gastric cancer cells after treatment with curcumin was increased from 6% to 67% for 24h, from 8% to 75% for 48h, from 10% to 83% for 72h. In case of nanocurcumin, the inhibition rate increased from 7% to 69% for 24h, 11% to 87% for 48h and 16% to 97% for 72h. The IC50 of curcumin and Nano-curcumin were 24.20 µM and 18.78 µM respectively for 72 h. The population of cells in sub-G0 population increased from 4.1% in the control group to 24.5% and 57.8% when treated with curcumin and nanocurcumin respectively. After 72h of treatment with nanocurcumin, the apoptotic cells population increased as compared to native curcumin treated cells. Conclusion: The Nano curcumin might be used as a potential therapeutics against gastric cancer and H. Pylori. There is need of further in vivo study in order to validate CUR-NPs activity.
Nano curcumin,H. pylori,Cytotoxicity,IC50,Gastric cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89921.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89921_66fd902294c1f477ce332d61adc3d160.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Caring Needs of Cancer Patients from the Perspective of Home Care Nurses: A Qualitative Study
71
77
EN
Hadi
Hassankhani
Qualitative Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
hassankhanih@tbzmed.ac.ir
Javad
Dehghannezhad
Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz
University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
javadehghan@gmail.com
Azad
Rahmani
Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz, Iran.
azad.rahmani@yahoo.com
Mansour
Ghafourifard
Department of Medical
Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
m.ghafori@yahoo.com
Amin
Soheili
Department of Nursing,
Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran.
soheili_a@khoyums.ac.ir
Mojgan
Lotfi
Department of Medical
Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
mojgan.lotfi@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.71
Objective: Cancer is the third leading cause of death in Iran. Todays, caregiving to patients with cancer is shifting towards home based care, and home care needs from a caregiver’s perspective can help improve the patient care. This qualitative study aimed to examine the home care needs of cancer patients from the perspective of home care nurses. Methods: This is a qualitative descriptive study carried out at home care centers in the northwest of Iran. A total of 15 participants were recruited through purposive sampling and underwent face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed through Conventional content analysis method in MAXQDA software. Measures of trustworthiness were established throughout the study using Lincoln and Guba’s (1985) criteria (dependability, credibility, transferability, and confirmability). Results: Data analysis resulted in the extraction of four main categories including physical needs (pain relief, gastrointestinal problems including nausea and anorexia and nutritional problems, lethargy, wound care), psychological support (need for hope and emotional support), educational needs (need for information and self-care) and financial support (service insurance coverage, charity support). To promote these patients home care, insurance coverage of nursing home care services was emphasized by the participants. Conclusion: Various aspects of cancer patients home care needs were identified. Interdisciplinary home-based palliative care collaboration is needed to address their physical, psychological, and moral needs.
cancer,need,Nursing,Home care
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89922.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89922_f48a86ec160a497b8645c85d56d2e865.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Association between VDR Gene Polymorphisms and Melanoma Susceptibility in a Colombian Population
79
85
EN
Andres
Felipe
Aristizabal-Pachon
0000-0003-3004-4867
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
sagipe07@gmail.com
Yeimy
Gonzalez-Giraldo
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
yeimy.gonzalez@javeriana.edu.co
Angela
Yazmin
Garcia
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
aygarciafo@unal.edu.co
Dalia
Xiomara
Suarez
University of Cundinamarca, Colombia.
daliadim.ds@gmail.com
Angela
Rodriguez
Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia.
angela.rodriguez.go@gmail.com
Janneth
Gonzalez-Santos
0000-0003-2009-3374
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
janneth.gonzalez@javeriana.edu.co
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.79
Background: The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is responsible for mediating the effects of vitamin D through regulation of other gene transcriptions. There are several polymorphisms that alter the gene expression or the function of this protein. We aimed to analyze the association between two SNPs of VDR gene and melanoma cancer in Colombian patients. Methods: We included 120 healthy individual as controls and 120 melanoma cancer patients as cases . Patients in both groups were matched in terms of gender and age. The genotyping of rs731236 and rs2228570 polymorphisms was performed using PCR-RFLP. The SNPStats program was used to carry out the statistical analysis through a logistic regression model. Results: Under dominant model, we found that rs2228570 polymorphism was associated with melanoma cancer risk (C/C vs C/T-T/T, OR: 5.10, 95% CI: 2.85-9.14), whereas rs731236 polymorphism was associated with a protective effect against this cancer (T/T vs T/C, OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.14-0.53). Conclusion: Our results suggested that both polymorphisms were involved in the development of melanoma cancer, increasing or decreasing this risk.
cancer,Fok1 and Taq1 polymorphisms,PCR-RFLPs,rs2228570,rs731236
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89923.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89923_278b45d76bbe6a163fed1dbb62cd254a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Detecting Human Papillomavirus Type 16 in Cervical Cancer Patients with Molecular Variation of Gene L1 in Riau Province Indonesia
87
92
EN
Maya
Savira
0000-0003-4663-030X
Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
mayadonel@yahoo.co.id
Donel
S
0000-0002-9282-3551
Department of Obstetry& Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau,
Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia.
donelmy@yahoo.com
Andani
Eka
Putra
0000-0002-4583-0601
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas
University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
andani_ep@yahoo.com
Yusrawati
Yusrawati
0000-0002-4799-7202
Department of Obstetry& Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University,
Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
yusrawati_65@yahoo.co.id
Nur
Indrawati
Lipoeto
0000-0003-4119-3593
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang,West
Sumatera, Indonesia.
indra.liputo@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.87
Background: Cervical cancer is the second most deadly cancer in the world after breast cancer. The cancer is caused by infection of high risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) type 16. It is often found in cervical cancer of which the genome structure is composed of L1 proteins. The L1 protein makes up the viral capsid that has an important role in causing the cervical epithelium. Several studies have found the differences in HPV nucleotides variants that lead to changes in amino acids that disrupt the structure, the natural function of the virus itself, and ultimately lead to changes in biological functions including host immunological recognition. Variation of the L1 gene also affects the effectiveness of existing vaccines. Methods: This research was a descriptive study conducted at the laboratory of microbiology, the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru from February to August 2018. The study was aimed at looking at the molecular variations of the L1 HPV type 16 gene and examining phylogenic kinship. Results: The SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) which occurred in 26 sample isolates are the substitution of C/G (6240), A/G (6432), T/G (6686), C/T (6824). These variations also cause changes in amino acids, insertion of ATC nucleotide bases (6902), and deletions of GAT bases (6954). Conclusion: There are molecular variations of the L1 HPV type 16 gene which can cause different host immune responses. Phylogenic kinship of HPV type 16 isolate in Riau is similar to Asian-American isolate.
Cervical cancer,HPV type 16,L1 gene HPV,phylogenetic
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89953.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89953_1d46ced20f3e07c03a91299538e51367.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Predictors of Chemotherapy Induced Adverse Events in Pediatric Osteosarcoma Patients
93
100
EN
Phitjira
Sanguanboonyaphong
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand.
phitjira.s@ubu.ac.th
Patcharee
Komvilaisak
Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
patkomwi@gmail.com
Kunanya
Suwannaying
Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
looknam_xcellent@hotmail.com
Jukapun
Yoodee
The College of Pharmacotherapy of Thailand, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
yjukapun@gmail.com
Manit
Saeteaw
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand.
manit_tee@hotmail.com
Suthan
Chanthawong
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
jacky_ryukung@hotmail.com
Suphat
Subongkot
0000-0002-0013-2252
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
supsub2@kku.ac.th
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.93
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of chemotherapy-induced adverse events and the associated risk factors in pediatric patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 90 pediatric osteosarcoma patients (with 1,017 chemotherapy cycles) treated at Srinagarind Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018. The prevalence of major adverse events and a correlation between baseline characteristics and adverse events were analyzed using a generalized estimating equation model. Result: The prevalence of adverse events in 90 pediatric osteosarcoma patients (with 1,017 chemotherapy cycles) was determined as chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (29.2%; n=296), hepatotoxicity (21.2%; n=215), anemia (70.69%; n=719), neutropenia (26.65%; n=271), and thrombocytopenia (13.65%; n=139). Factors associated with chemotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity included methotrexate dose ≥ 12 g/m<sup>2</sup> (odds ratio [OR] 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–1.39; P<0.001), plasma concentration of methotrexate at 72 hours >0.1 μM (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.19–1.25; P<0.001), and pre-hydration rate ≤ 125 mL/m<sup>2</sup>/h (OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.07–1.12; P<0.001). Conclusion: Major adverse events are becoming more common in pediatric osteosarcoma patients, and risk factors include larger chemotherapy doses, higher plasma methotrexate concentrations, and a slower pre-hydration rate. The outcomes of the study could aid in the better treatment of toxicity in children with osteosarcoma.
osteosarcoma,adverse events,Chemotherapy
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89950.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89950_9b1c104e98f648f98a505c47e424dce0.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Achieving High Breast Cancer Survival for Women in Rural and Remote Areas
101
107
EN
Albert
Hoang Nguyen
Ho-Huynh
0000-0001-6627-8871
School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Australia Queensland Health, Australia.
albert.hohuynh@my.jcu.edu.au
Timothy
J
Elston
Department of Surgery,
Cairns and Hinterland Hospital & Health Service, Queensland Health, Australia.
timothy.elston@health.qld.gov.au
Ronny
K
Gunnarsson
0000-0001-9183-3072
Primary Health Care, School of Public
Health, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
ronny.gunnarsson@infovoice.se
Alan
de Costa
James Cook University College of Medicine and Dentistry, Australia.
alan.decosta@jcu.edu.au
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.101
Background: Significant improvements in breast cancer survival have been made in the past few decades in many developed countries including Australia with a five-year relative survival of 90%. The aim of the present study is to obtain a brief estimate of the relative importance of demographic factors such as rurality, socio-economic standard and ethnicity versus traditional risk factors for women diagnosed with breast cancer in Far North Queensland, Australia. Methods: This was a retrospective longitudinal study of all women diagnosed with their first episode of breast cancer in 1999-2013 in Far North Queensland, Australia. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify factors independently associated with mortality for women with any type of breast cancer (in situ or invasive) and for women with invasive cancer. Life tables were used to assess five and ten-year absolute survival. Standard linear regression and binary logistic regression were used to identify any association between demographic factors and late presentation. Results: Five and ten-year absolute survival was 0.90 and 0.86 respectively. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, remoteness of area of residence, and socioeconomic status were not associated with more advanced disease at presentation or increased risk of breast cancer death. Only traditional risk factors such as increased tumour size, absence of progesterone receptor, high tumour grade and presence of metastasis in axillary lymph nodes were associated with increased risk of breast cancer death. Conclusion: The effect of the classical risk factors on breast cancer mortality outweighs the effects of demographic factors. The fact that ethnicity, remoteness and socioeconomic status is not associated with late presentation or breast cancer death suggests that given appropriate resources it may be possible to close the gap of inequalities in breast cancer.
Neoplasms,mortality,Epidemiology,Rural,Remote
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89955.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89955_e2b530bc329a25514c6633e3370f6dbc.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
TP53 and EGFR Mutational Status in Thymoma: A Genetic Sequencing Study
109
114
EN
Elisna
Syahruddin
0000-0002-4383-2240
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Persahabatan National
Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
elisna2002@gmail.com
Jamal
Zaini
0000-0002-3573-6312
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Persahabatan National
Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
jamal.zaini@gmail.com
Ruth
Sembiring
Pathology Unit, Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
sembiringruth@yahoo.com
Romi
Baginta
Pathology Unit, Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
romi.beginta@gmail.com
Muhammad
Rizqy
Fadhillah
0000-0002-3388-4864
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Persahabatan National
Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
rizqyfadillah345@gmail.com
Dimas
Ramadhian
Noor
Human Cancer Research Centre-IMERI-Faculty of Medicine Universitas
Indonesia.
dimasramadhian@ymail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.109
Background and objective: Thymoma is a rare malignant tumor that usually with an indolent presentation, which was falsely assumed to be benign previously. The tumor suppressor P53 (TP53) and EGFR gene mutate most frequently in human cancers. We tried to investigate the presence of TP53 and EGFR mutations among thymoma patients referred to an Indonesian referral respiratory hospital and to discuss its potential role in thymoma management and prognosis. Material and methods: Surgically resected tumor tissues were collected from thymoma patients and then underwent genomic analysis. PCR was performed on the extracted Paraffinized DNA to amplify exon 6 of TP53 and exons 18, 19, and 21 of EGFR. The evaluation of mutational status was done using direct sequencing and sequence analysis of purified PCR products. Results: Among 27 collected samples, TP53 exon 6 mutation, namely missense mutation and nonsense mutation, was observed in two samples (7.4%). EGFR exon 18 mutation, namely E709K and nonsense mutation, was found in 2 samples (7.4%). An intronic mutation in EGFR exon 19 (3.7%) and exon 21 (3.7%) was observed in one sample. Conclusion: TP53 and EGFR mutations were not most frequent, so it seems that these genes are not involved in the pathogenesis of thymoma in Indonesian patients. Nevertheless, we found two samples with a significant mutation in p53 and EGFR genes, suggesting further research on thymoma prognostification and targeted therapy.
EGFR,Tp53,thymoma,Indonesia
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89956.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89956_f640c86f602684fe01bd3d2034845466.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Licochalcone A Induces Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Death Via Suppression of Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways
115
123
EN
Phatthamon
Laphanuwat
0000-0001-7778-0031
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, 40002,
Thailand.
phattla@kku.ac.th
Sarinya
Kongpetch
0000-0001-9767-4906
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, 40002,
Thailand.
sarinyako@kku.ac.th
Laddawan
Senggunprai
0000-0001-5509-8664
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, 40002,
Thailand.
laddas@kku.ac.th
Auemduan
Prawan
0000-0001-6713-567X
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, 40002,
Thailand.
peuamd@kku.ac.th
Veerapol
Kukongviriyapan
0000-0001-5867-9093
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, 40002,
Thailand.
veerapol@kku.ac.th
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.115
Objective: To investigate the anti-tumor effect of licochalcone A (LCA) on proliferation and migration in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms. Methods: Human CCA cells, KKU-100, KKU-213, KKU-214, KKU-156, and KKU-452 were used to study effect of LCA on proliferation and migration by a cytotoxicity assay, wound healing assay. Reactive oxygen species levels were evaluated using DHE-fluorescent probes. Proteins associated with cancer survival and progression were analyzed by immune blotting assay. Results: LCA suppressed proliferation and induced cell death in CCA cells including KKU-100, KKU-213, KKU-214, KKU-156, and KKU-452. The CCAs cells were suppressed in association with LCA-induced accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased formation of ROS was causally related with suppression of Nrf2 and its down-stream antioxidant and cytoprotective enzymes. These effects may lead to the expression of Bax and release of cytochrome c and ensuring cell death. Interestingly, LCA could also inhibit cell migration and cell cycle arrest at low concentrations. These effects were associated with down-regulation of NF-kB, STAT3 and their down-stream proteins, cyclin D1, VEGF, and ICAM-1. Conclusions: These results suggest that LCA has potential therapeutic activity in suppression of CCA cells.
cholangiocarcinoma,licochalcone A,anti-cancer,reactive oxygen species,Anti-migration
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89925.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89925_6c9978beff172acede5db1cb1e98f8a7.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Rapid Detection of N-RAS Gene Common Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Using High Resolution Melting (HRM) Method
125
130
EN
Saeed
Zaka Khosravi
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Paramedicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
s.z.khosravi73@gmail.com
Mohammadreza
Moonesi
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Paramedicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mr.moonesi@gmail.com
Alireza
Moradabadi
Department of medical
Laboratory, Khomein University of Medical Science, Khomein, Iran.
alirezamoradabadi@yahoo.co.uk
Mohsen
Rajaeinejad
Department of Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of
Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
mrajaei@gmail.com
Mohammad Foad
Heidari
DNA Molecular Identification Center, Aja University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
foad.312@gmail.com
Ali
Noroozi-Aghideh
0000-0002-2811-2659
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Paramedicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
noroozi_1895@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.125
Objective: Acute myeloid leukemia is caused by the clonal proliferation of undifferentiated myeloid hematopoietic precursors. AML prognosis is highly involved in the treatment response and is determined by mutations in several genes such as N-RAS. This study aims to identify the distribution of common N-RAS mutations (codons 12, 13, and 61) in AML patients using the HRM method and confirm this method’s efficiency for mutation detection by comparing its results with the sequencing data as the Gold standard method. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were taken from 50 newly diagnosed AML patients. Mononuclear cells were isolated from samples, and DNA was extracted. Then, mutation detection was investigated using the HRM method. Efficacy of the HRM method in mutation detection was determined in comparison with direct sequencing. Results: N-RAS mutations were detected in 7 of the 50 samples (14%). Most of the mutations were found in codon 12 (57.14%), and 28.57% and 14.28% of mutations were in codons 61 and 13, respectively. There was no statistically significant association between patients’ demographic data and HRM results. Conclusion: According to mutation detection results and the HRM results confirmation with the sequencing method, this method can be introduced as an efficient, low-cost, and fast method for detecting common mutations.
HRM,AML,N-ras
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89957.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89957_192b163358db10a785c3ca71eb8870d3.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Correlation between Programmed Death Ligand-1(PD-L1) Expression and Driver Gene Mutations in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma- Adenocarcinoma Phenotype
131
142
EN
Rahul
Kumar
Pandey
Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (UP), India.
rahulcsir2@gmail.com
Saumya
Shukla
Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (UP), India.
saumyavarun@gmail.com
Nuzhat
Husain
Department of Pathology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (UP), India.
drnuzhathusain@hotmail.com
Mohammad
Hayatul
Islam
Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, (UP), India.
hayatbt@iul.ac.in
Rahat
Hadi
Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (UP), India.
drrahathadi@gmail.com
Surya
Kant Tripathi
Department of Respiratory Medicine, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, (UP), India.
dr.kantskt@rediffmail.com
Ashish
Singhal
Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (UP), India.
ashish.singhal@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.131
Background: Targeted therapy in adenocarcinoma is recommended. The use of immune check point inhibitors for the treatment of Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is used as both first-line and the second-line treatment strategy. The current study was undertaken to assess the frequency of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS), and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF)V600E driver gene mutations in NSCLC adenocarcinoma phenotype. It assesses the frequencies of all markers in the cases where both treatment strategies can be implemented. Expression of the all markers was further compared with demographic, clinical parameters, and overall survival rate. Materials and Methods: The formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks were used in immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for determining the driver genes and PD-L1 expression in the 100 NSCLC-Adenocarcinoma cases. Results: PD-L1 positivity was observed in 26.36% (n=29/110) cases in adenocarcinoma. No significant differences in PD-L1 expression were observed among patients harboring ALK, ROS1, EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF mutations EGFR mutations had significant association with smoking status. (p= 0.008), Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1) (p=0.0005) and Napsin (p=0.002) expression. ALK gene re-arrangement was significantly related to age (p= 0.001), gender (p= 0.009) and smoking status (p= 0.043). The single versus multiple driver mutations were significantly correlated with smoking status (p=0.005). In the survival rate analysis, EGFR (p=0.058), KRAS (p=0.021), and PD-L1 (p=0.039) were significantly high with the positive versus negative group. Conclusions: The current study is a novel attempt to document the co-expression of multiple driver mutations in the NSCLC-adenocarcinoma phenotype. PD-L1 immunopositivity in NSCLC-adenocarcinoma was higher with EGFR mutation as compared to those of KRAS, ALK, ROS, and BRAF driver genes.
adenocarcinoma,Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1),Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC),Immunohistochemistry (IHC),Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE)
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89924.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89924_83ae2a36c9f5ddba58ba22196d7e8c93.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Detection of Global DNA Methylation in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cancerous Lesions by Pyrosequencing and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays
143
149
EN
Rungtip
Thumbovorn
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
rthumbovorn@yahoo.com
Parvapan
Bhattarakosol
0000-0002-9750-9609
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
bhparvapan@gmail.com
Arkom
Chaiwongkot
0000-0003-1070-6747
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
arkomchaiwongkot@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.143
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most significant cancer found in women worldwide especially in developing countries. Previous reports showed that global DNA hypomethylation was correlated with various types of cancer including cervical cancer. Methods: Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE1) pyrosequencing and Enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays were used for detection of global DNA methylation. The ELISA results were compared to bisulfite LINE1 pyrosequencing assay. Results: Different cervical cancer cell lines (CaSki, SiHa, HeLa, ME180, MS751, C33A) showed low global methylation percentage when compared to normal white blood cells by ELISA assay (1.47%-5.09% vs 8.20%, respectively) and by LINE1 pyrosequencing (20%-45% vs 62%, respectively). Global DNA methylation levels in cervical cancer samples were lower than precancerous lesions (Normal-CIN3) by LINE1 pyrosequencing (mean, 48.8% vs 56.9%, respectively, p<0.05) and ELISA assay (mean, 3.03% vs 3.85%, respectively, p<0.05). Conclusion: Global DNA hypomethylation was predominantly found in cervical cancer samples detected by ELISA and LINE1 pyrosequencing assays and could be used as triage tests in cervical cancer screening. ELISA assay is a suitable method for detection of global DNA methylation in large population; however, it should be further evaluated in a large clinical samples in order to be used as screening method.
global DNA methylation,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE1),Pyrosequencing,Cervical cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89926.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89926_882f5181a41719fbfd33fd0a1ea3efdd.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Schleichera oleosa Seed Extract Reduced the Proliferation of Breast Cancer by Regulating the BRCA1 and p16 Genes
151
160
EN
Ram Krishna
Sahu
Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, ICMR, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301,
India.
rkmicro18@gmail.com
Binayak
Kumar
Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, ICMR, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301,
India.
binayak.biotech@gmail.com
Ragini
Singh
Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, ICMR, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301,
India.
singh.ragini714@gmail.com
Soni
Kumari
Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, ICMR, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301,
India.
sguptabiochem@gmail.com
Simran
Tandon
Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313. India.
standon1@amity.edu
Bhudev
Chander
Das
Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, India.
bcdas@amity.edu
Suresh
T
Hedau
0000-0002-9576-1341
Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, ICMR, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301,
India.
hedaus62@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.151
Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide. Schleichera oleosa (kusum tree) belongs to the Sapindaceae family commonly found in many states of India. This plant is traditionally being used in various pathological conditions. Methods: In vitro studies were performed using seed extract of Schleichera oleosa. Different concentrations of seed extracts were treated on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and its effect on migration and colony formation were observed. BRCA1 and p16 gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results: We have analyzed anticancer and anti-metastatic effects of seed extract in breast cancer and IC50 was 140µg/ml concentration. Further, its inhibitory role in cell migration and colony formation was at 140µg/ml (P<0.0001) concentration and reduced significantly growth of sphere at 140 µg (P<0.0031) and 150µg (P<0.0010) concentration after 5 days of treatment. The apoptosis study was shown a significant increase at 140 µg (P<0.0001) in apoptotic cells. Expression of BRCA1 and p16 were found to be over-expressed as 1.4 and 1.7 fold, respectively, at 140µg/ml concentration after 24 h of treatment at the transcription level. BRCA1 protein was up-regulated but p16 expression down-regulated at 140 to 150µg/ml (One-Way ANOVA, P<0.0001) concentration. Conclusion: In this study, we found a significant role of S. Oleosa seed extract has an anti-cancer as well as anti-metastatic via up-regulation of BRCA1 and p16 genes in breast cancer cells.
Schleichera oleosa,kusum tree,breast cancer,BRCA1,P16
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89958.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89958_8fea50b6cf880a38116dd2db65019b45.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Anti-proliferative, Anti-angiogenic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Moringa peregrina Leaf Extracts on Testosterone- Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats
161
169
EN
Mazhar Salim
Al Zoubi
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
Wesam
Al Khateeb
Department of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
Musab
El-Oqlah
Department of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
Mu’ath
Migdady
Department of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
Manl Issam
Abu Al-Arja
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
Muna
Bzour
Department of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
Ahmad
El-Oqlah
Department of Biology, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan.
Samah
Almubarak
Department of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
Mahmoud A
Al-Qudah
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
Khalid
Al-Batayneh
Department of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid-21163, Jordan.
albatynehk@yu.edu.jo
Michella
Mkhael
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT521SA,UK.
Ahmed
Elokda
Vital Care Medical Center, Men’s Health Center Limerick, Irelandv.
Prawej
Ansari
Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh.
JMA
Hannan
Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka-1229, Bangladesh.
Mohamed M
Nasef
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Huddersfield University, UK.
Murtaza
M
Tambuwala
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT521SA,UK.
m.tambuwala@ulster.ac.uk
Hamid
A
Bakshi
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT521SA,UK.
bakshi-h@ulster.ac.uk
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.161
Aim: To investigate the potential anti-inflammatory and biochemical effects of Moringa peregrina leaf extracts on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats. Methods: Six groups of rats (each group included 5 rats) were included in this study. The groups included: 1) the control group, 2) the testosterone-induced BPH group, 3) with 50 mg/kg bwt (bodyweight) oil-treated BPH, 4) with 100 mg/kg bwt. oil-treated BPH, 5) with 500mg/kg bwt. ethanol treated BPH and 6) with 1,000 mg/kg bwt. aqueous treated BPH group. Biochemical markers were measured to evaluate the effect of M. peregrina leaf extracts. Results: Our results showed a significant improvement in the thickness of epithelial cells of the BPH glandular tissues when treated with different M. peregrina extracts (p < 0.05). In addition, M. peregrina extracts showed anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenesis effects on the BPH tissues by reduction of IL-6, PCNA and VEGF-A, respectively. Conclusion: Our preclinical study concluded that M. peregrina leaf extracts showed a significant effect on BPH by reducing inflammation, proliferation, and angiogenic processes with no signs of toxicity.
benign prostatic hyperplasia,anti-inflammation,Anti-proliferation,Anti-angiogenesis,M. peregrina
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89948.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89948_ddd5493bdbd95c834d5a5ce4d4fd4d91.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Continuous Saline Bladder Irrigation in Reducing Recurrence and Progression When Compared to Immediate Mitomycin- C Instillation Post- Resection of Bladder Tumor: A Short Communication
171
175
EN
Morad
Bani-Hani
0000-0002-2985-7871
Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Hashemite University, Zarka, Jordan.
morad_bh@hu.edu.jo
Ammar
Abdel Majid
Al sleibi, Clinical Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan.
Mohammad Talal
Al-Zubi
Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine,
Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
Saddam
Al Demour
Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Jordan,
Amman.
saldemour@ju.edo.jo
Mazhar Salim
Al Zoubi
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
Mohannad
Abuhamad
Jordan University
Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
Abdallah
Santarisi
Jordan University
Hospital, Amman, Jordan.
Batool
Taysir Eldos
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Yarmouk university, Irbid, Jordan.
Jad
Alsmadi
Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Hashemite University, Zarka, Jordan.
Basel
Elayan
Faculty of
Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.171
Introduction: Intravesical chemotherapy instillation by mitomycin - C (MMC) immediately after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), although effective in reducing the incidence of non- muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrence, can result in non desirable effects like bladder irritation and hematuria . Continuous bladder irrigation with saline post resection has been studied as an alternative. In our study we compare the rates of NMIBC recurrence and progression in patients who were treated with either MMC or CSBI immediately after tumor resection. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with NMIBC at our institution in Jordan university hospital in the period between 2015-2019. Postoperative instillation of MMC or CSBI for four hours was recorded. Follow up of the patients for recurrence or progression in the first 2 years after diagnosis was recorded and compared for both groups. Results: One hundred nineteen patients met inclusion criteria. Fifty four patients received MMC and 65 patients received CSBI immediately post TURBT. Kaplan–Meieranalysis for recurrence- free survival and progression- free survival didn’t show a significant difference between both groups with P- value 0.88 and 0.14 respectively. Conclusion: Postoperative CSBI for four hours following tumor resection is equivalent to immediate postoperative MMC instillation for NMIBC in terms of recurrence or progression rates with fewer side effects . However further research is needed in this field .
TCC,NMIBC,saline irrigation
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89927.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89927_b1211045a063dd125b7adcbc4079e222.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Association of Leptin Receptor Q223R Gene Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Patients: A Case Control Study
177
182
EN
Manar
F
Atoum
0000-0003-0625-862X
Department Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty Applied Health Sciences, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
manar@hu.edu.jo
Ala’a Abdel
Hamaid Alparrey
Ministry of Education, Master of Science, Amman, Jordan.
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.177
Introduction: Leptin is a hormone secreted from adipocytes that regulates metabolism and energy homeostasis through the leptin receptor (LEPR). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of leptin receptor gene Q223R gene polymorphism, and plasma leptin level among obese breast cancer females. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 160 breast cancer patients and 160 healthy control females. LEPR Q223R polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Serum leptin was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay human leptin kit. Immunohistochemical tests from paraffin blocks were carried out for estrogen and progesterone staging using the precise antibodies. Results: An association was found between LEPR gene Q223R gene polymorphism among obese breast cancer females. Statistical difference was found between GG (60.6%) Arg/Arg genotype (OR=2.986; 95%CI=1.540 to 5.789; p= 0.001) compared to AA (33.1%) Gln/Gln genotype. GG Q223R LEPR polymorphism showed statistically significant difference among obese breast cancer patients (BMI more than 25) compared to control (P < 0.0001). GG genotype of Q223R LEPR polymorphism showed statistically significant increased leptin level (p-value =0.0001) among obese patients (mean± SD; 23.39±4.32) compared to control (17.83±5.67). Conclusions: Q223R LEPR polymorphism GG genotype was associated with increased leptin profile among obese breast cancer females.
Receptor,Q223R,leptin,Breast
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89928.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89928_48c839a5fcb5c82cd7730029005d9b1c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Anti Proliferative and Apoptotic Effect of Soluble Ethyl Acetate Partition from Ethanol Extract of Chromolaena Odorata Linn Leaves Against Hela Cervical Cancer Cell line
183
189
EN
Hanifah
Yusuf
0000-0003-1696-6478
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
hans_yusuf1104@unsyiah.ac.id
Marhami
Fahriani
0000-0003-0452-3485
Medical Research Unit,
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
marhamifahriani@gmail.com
Cut
Murzalina
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
cutmurzalina@unsyiah.ac.id
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.183
Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women. Chemotherapy is one of the treatment modalities with many side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer activity of soluble ethyl acetate partition of Chromolaena odorata (C. odorata) leaves on HeLa cells of cervical cancer. Material and methods: The cytotoxicity activity of the soluble ethyl acetate extract of the C. odorata leaves was analyzed by MTT colorimetry assay. The apoptosis activity was determined by double staining and flow cytometry techniques. Doubling time assay was used to observed HeLa cells proliferation. Results: The IC50 of soluble ethyl acetate partition of this plant was 82.41± 6.73 µg/ml against HeLa cells. The apoptosis activity showed that HeLa cells underwent morphological changes in dose-dependent manner while the highest number of dead cells was observed after treatment with 500 µg/ml of the partition. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with IC50 and 2x IC50 resulted in death of more than 97% cells (p-value <0.05 in both comparisons). Proliferation of HeLa cells was also inhibited following treatment with ½ IC50, IC50, and 2xIC50 in the first 24 hours (p-value <0.05 in all comparison). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that the soluble ethyl acetate partition from ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves had cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties against HeLa cells.
Cervical cancer,Chromolaena odorata,doxorubicin,Proliferation
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89929.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89929_5a30e99e7d90aa92a6a557fef39a561a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Exome Sequencing with Validations and Expression of p16/CDKN2A Shows no Association with HPV in Oral Cancers
191
200
EN
Vidyarani
Shyamsundar
Centre for Oral Cancer Prevention, Awareness and Research (COCPAR). Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER
University, Pallikaranai, Chennai – 600100, India.
drvidyaranishyam78@gmail.com
Soundara Viveka
Thangaraj
Department of Preventive Oncology (Research), Cancer Institute (WIA),
Adyar, Chennai – 600020, India.
viveka18@gmail.com
Arvind
Krishnamurthy
Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai – 600 020, India.
drarvindkrishnamurthy@gmail.com
Sanjana
Vimal
Department of Preventive Oncology (Research), Cancer Institute (WIA),
Adyar, Chennai – 600020, India.
sanjanasj28@gmail.com
Pallavi
Kesavan
Department of Preventive Oncology (Research), Cancer Institute (WIA),
Adyar, Chennai – 600020, India.
pallavikesavan@gmail.com
Aravinda
Babu
Centre for Oral Cancer Prevention, Awareness and Research (COCPAR). Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER
University, Pallikaranai, Chennai – 600100, India.
aravindmsdc@gmail.com
Masthan
KMK
Centre for Oral Cancer Prevention, Awareness and Research (COCPAR). Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER
University, Pallikaranai, Chennai – 600100, India.
masthankmk@gmail.com
Vijayalakshmi
Ramshankar
0000-0001-6890-4231
Department of Preventive Oncology (Research), Cancer Institute (WIA),
Adyar, Chennai – 600020, India.
r.vijayalakshmi@cancerinstitutewia.org
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.191
Purpose: Despite many studies attributing HPV infection to oropharyngeal tumorigenesis, its involvement in non-oropharyngeal cancers is ambiguous. We have evaluated the mutation profile of p16 along with protein expression and correlated it with the HPV status in oral cancers. Methods: Somatic mutations in p16 were studied by exome sequencing (n=25) and validated by Sequenom Mass spectrometry (n=50). Expression of p16 was studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and correlated with HPV16/18 status evaluated by PCR, and IHC (n=221) in oral cancers. Results: Out of 25 oral cancer patients’ samples sequenced by Exome sequencing, p16 mutations were found in 4 samples (16%). All the p16 mutations were identified in patients with cancers in the site of gingivobuccal complex and not tongue subsite. All the 4 patients with p16 mutations had failed treatment, and showed a significantly poor disease-free survival. Insilico analysis of the types of p16 mutations showed mutated, truncated p16 protein having an increased intrinsic disorder, and all the mutations involved truncation post arginine. Validation of the p16 mutations by mass spectrometry showed 8/50 (16%) of patients harbouring pArg80Ter mutation, of which 7/8 (87.5%) had failed treatment. Overexpression of p16 in >70% of the tumour cells was found in 21.4% (26/121) OSCC patients, 6.75% (5/74) OPML patients and p16 expression was significantly correlated (p=0.001; χ2 = 25.601) to the grade. All the samples were studied for HPV presence by PCR and IHC. We found that none of the p16 positive tumours showing expression in >70% of the tumour cells harbored HPV both by PCR as well as IHC. Conclusion: Our study emphasises the importance of p16 in oral cancers, and shows that oral cancer is not HPV associated and p16 expression is not a surrogate marker for HPV.
HPV,oral cancer,p16 surrogate marker,p16 expression,P16 mutation
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89959.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89959_5884d592e1f46fb7e171b052b152642c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Effects of Vitamin E on Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity in Human Breast Cancer Cells in Vitro
201
205
EN
Mohadeseh
Ahmadi
0000-0002-8010-6643
Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Science,
Sari, Iran.
ahmdiiism@gmail.com
Akbar
Hedayatizadeh-Omran
0000-0002-9219-883X
Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Science,
Sari, Iran.
akbar_hedayati@yahoo.com
Reza
Alizadeh-Navaei
0000-0003-0580-000X
Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Science,
Sari, Iran.
reza_nava@yahoo.com
Majid
Saeedi
0000-0003-2617-9961
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
majsaeedi@gmail.com
Ehsan
Zaboli
0000-0003-4009-717x
Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Science,
Sari, Iran.
paya_1358@yahoo.com
Omolbanin
Amjadi
0000000213286258
Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Science,
Sari, Iran.
prs.amjadi0o0@gmail.com
Hamidreza
Kelidari
0000-0002-5840-7423
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
hamidreza.kelidari@yahoo.com
Zahra
Besharat
0000-0002-0582-0417
Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Science,
Sari, Iran.
faezebsh96@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.201
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate in vitro synergistic anticancer effect of doxorubicin combined with Vitamin E. Methods: The MTT assay was utilized to assess the cytotoxicity of Vitamin E and vitamin E combined with doxorubicin and vital activities of SKBR3, MDA-MB-231, and HFF cells over a 24-hour incubation period. In addition, the antioxidant properties of these interventions and the decrease of reactive oxygen species (ROS) content caused by the treatment were evaluated. Results: The antiproliferative effect of doxorubicin increased significantly in combination with vitamin E (Doxcorobicin 2µM vs. Vitamin E 120µM, P=0.000). Despite reducing cell ROS content due to vitamin E treatment, the combination of vitamin E and doxorubicin showed no significant synergistic effect (Doxcorobicin 2µM vs. Vitamin E 120µM, P=0.998). Conclusion: This study indicated that the doxorubicin–vitamin E treatment reduced the viability of breast cancer cells with the minimum side effects on normal cells. In addition, the high dosage of vitamin E intensified the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin.
Antioxidant,breast cancer,doxorubicin,Vitamin E
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89930.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89930_fe46da6d4c1b645a1c84b67c8e1e38ea.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
PARN Knockdown in Cell Lines Results in Differential and Cell-Specific Alterations in the Expression of Cancer-Associated mRNAs
207
215
EN
Nishith
Babu
Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
nishibabu@gmail.com
Dechamma
Pandyanda
Nanjappa
0000-0002-2792-9544
Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
divyadech@gmail.com
Sandra
Nazareth
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
scnazareth@gmail.com
Srividya
Arjuna
Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
srimachar24@gmail.com
Anirban
Chakraborty
0000000334766576
Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
anirban@nitte.edu.in
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.207
Ribonucleases (RNases) is the collective term used for the group of enzymes that are involved in mRNA degradation. The shortening of the poly (A) tail through deadenylation is the preferred mechanism of degradation of most eukaryotic mRNAs and poly (A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) is the most important player in deadenylation. Besides its primarily role in mRNA stability, PARN is also involved in several non-conventional functions. It is conceivable that a decreased RNase activity can alter the stability of cancer-associated mRNAs and this alteration may be differential in cells of different origin. Methods: The effects of siRNA-mediated knockdown of PARN on the post-transcriptional expression of 16 oncogenes and 18 tumor suppressor genes in cells derived from different lineages (NCI-H460 and NCI-H522; lung cancer) and (HEK-293; kidney) were investigated. Further, the effects of PARN depletion on proliferation and death of the lung cancer cells were investigated. Results: Quantitative real time PCR analysis revealed an cell-specific alteration in the expression of the target onco and tumor suppressor genes upon PARN depletion, differently, for cells derived from different lineages. The tumor suppressor genes showed a consistent pattern of down regulation upon PARN depletion in all the three cell types tested. In contrast, the expression of oncogenes was not consistent; while some oncogenes showed overexpression in HEK 293 cells, the majority of them were downregulated in the lung cancer cells. Further, PARN depletion did not alter the proliferation of lung cancer cells, which was in contrast to previous reports. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that PARN deficiency leads to an altered stability of cancer-associated mRNA, distinctly, in cells of different lineages. Despite previous reports suggesting a potential therapeutic role of PARN in cancer, our results suggest that PARN may not be an important biomarker, particularly in lung cancer.
Ribonuclease,siRNA,cancer mRNAs,Biomarker,exonuclease
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89931.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89931_42284cf55c2e66c68efe1c769d5d5908.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Induction Immunotherapy Followed by Thoracic Radiation without Chemotherapy in Unresectable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Series
217
220
EN
Srikiran
Dasari
Indiana University School of Medicine–Fort Wayne, 2101 E Coliseum Blvd E, Fort Wayne, IN 46805, USA.
srdasari@iu.edu
Takefumi
Komiya
Medical Oncology, Parkview Cancer Institute, 11050 Parkview Circle, Fort Wayne, IN 46845, USA.
takefumi@buffalo.edu
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.217
Objective: Although concurrent chemoradiation has been the standard of care for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) due to increased survival and decreased disease progression, patients with poor performance status cannot tolerate chemotherapy toxicity well. Durvalumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting the programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) / programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis, demonstrated efficacy as maintenance therapy after definitive chemoradiation. However, the role of immunotherapy in those who cannot tolerate chemoradiation is unclear.Methods: This retrospective case series reports adult patients with PD-L1-expressing stage III NSCLC diagnosed at Parkview Cancer Institute from 2019-2021 and treated initially with pembrolizumab followed by sequential consolidation chest radiation (CXRT) without cytotoxic chemotherapy. Results: Four cases of stage IIIA squamous cell carcinoma were disease-controlled by this approach, with two partial and one complete response. One case of stage IIIC adenocarcinoma had progressive disease with brain metastasis prior to CXRT. Conclusion: This case series suggests that pembrolizumab with sequential CXRT may be beneficial for stage III NSCLC patients with high PD-L1 expression, but additional studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
non-small cell lung cancer,stage III,Pembrolizumab,Consolidation chest radiation,Poor performance status
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89932.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89932_9490411de034c3c73a0d84eb82b9718d.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Molecular Detection of Genetic Susceptibility to Bladder Cancer in Egyptian Patients
221
232
EN
Samah
Mamdouh
0000-0001-5979-3189
Department of Biochemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
samah_mmdh@yahoo.com
Fatma
Khorshed
Department of Biochemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
fatma_khorshed@yahoo.com
Gehan
Hammad
Faculty of Biotechnology, MSA University, Cairo,
Egypt.
hammad_gehan@msa.edu.eg
Khaled
Elesaily
Department of Urology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
khaled-elessaily@gmail.com
Gehan
Safwat
Faculty of Biotechnology, MSA University, Cairo,
Egypt.
gehan_safwat@msa.edu.eg
Olfat
Hammam
Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
olfathammam@yahoo.com
Tarek
Aboushousha
0000-0002-6686-2442
Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
t.aboushousha@tbri.gov.eg
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.221
Objective: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a number of genetic variants associated with the susceptibility of bladder cancer (BC) in European and Chinese populations. Here, we assessed the association of two of these variants, rs9642880 and rs710521 in an Egyptian patients and also examined the expression of c-Myc.The basis was due to the absence of studies on Egyptian patients to determine the association between rs9642880& rs710521 and bladder cancer risk, particularly due to the known role of the variant (rs9642880) in the Progression and development of bladder cancer. Methods: Urine samples were collected from onehundred and fiftybladder cancer patients under particular standards and fifty healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted, rs9642880 G>T and rs710521 A>G polymorphisms were amplified, assessed via restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) and sequenced. Urine retrieved results were compared to the histopathological diagnosis of tissue biopsies and to the results of C-Myc immunohistochemistry. Data were statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016, association between significant genotypes of the two studied variables and bladder cancer risk was performed. Results: We found that the TT genotype of rs9642880 G>T was strongly associated with the risk of bladder cancer, andfor rs710521 A>G, AG genotype was also identified to has an association with bladder cancer risk.All 150 tumor sections showed positive immunoreactivity for c-Myc in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Conclusion: Identifying the association to risk of bladder cancer using genetic analysis will help in the early detection of the disease.
RFLP,bladder cancer,Genotype,genome-wide association study,c-Myc
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89934.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89934_daece4aa3973c8751db58874f6881076.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Are All Views with and without Displacement Maneuver Necessary in Augmentation Mammography? Putting Numbers Into Perspective
233
239
EN
Lilian
Soares
Couto
0000-0001-7557-0751
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
liliancouto@hotmail.com
Ruffo
Freitas-Junior
0000-0003-4145-8598
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
ruffojr@terra.com.br
Rosangela
Silveira
Corrêa
0000-0002-1681-168X
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
rcorrea@cnen.gov.br
Macelo
Vilela
Lauar
0000-0001-6314-0797
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
mvlauar@gmail.com
Selma
Pace
Bauab
0000-0002-1296-2165
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
sbauab@mamaimagem.com
Linei
Augusta Brolini Dellê
Urban
0000-0003-2017-9776
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
lineiurban@hotmail.com
Jorge
Luiz Oliveira
Cruvinel-Filho
0000-0002-7809-3994
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
jl.cruvinel@hotmail.com
Leonardo
Ribeiro
Soares
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
1ribeiroufg@hotmail.com
Ricardo
Francalacci
Savaris
0000-0002-2779-5443
Mastology Program, Hospital das Clínicas of UFG, 1ª Avenida, s/nº, Setor Universitário. Goiânia, Goiás. ZIP: 74.605-050. Brazil.
rsavaris@hcpa.edu.br
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.233
Objective: Augmentation implants pose a challenge for radiologists. Displacing the implant allows slightly more breast tissue to be visualized than the standard compression views. The objective of this study was to verify the agreement between craniocaudal (CC) views and CC with implant displacement (CC-ID), mediolateral oblique (MLO) and MLO-ID and the inter- and intraobserver agreement of mammographic images for finding abnormal images. Methods: The main outcomes [BI-RADS® normal=1,2; abnormal=3,4,5)] were analysed by 3 readers (reader1; reader 2, 1st round, reader 2, 2nd round) in 360 women with breast implants. Comparison between CC/CC-ID and MLO/MLO-ID, and degree of agreement for mammographic images between researchers were made using Kappa index. Proportions were calculated using a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: A total of 87 abnormal findings were identified by reader 2, 2nd round. Abnormal findings were observed in CC-ID=18.8% (68 out of 360; 95%CI=15.1%-23.2%) compared to CC=10.8% (39 out of 360; 95%CI=8%-14.4%, k=0.49); in MLO=10.5% (38 out of 360; 95%CI=7.7%-14.1%) compared to MLO-ID=15.8% (57 out of 360; 95%CI=12.4%-19.9%, k=0.55). The CC-ID was the view that singly identified more abnormal findings (20 out of 87; 23%; 95%CI=15.4% to 32.8%) and the CC was the view that least detected abnormal findings (1 out 87; 95%CI=0.2% to 6.2%). The inter- and intraobserver agreement between readers views was 0.67 and 0.74 respectively. Conclusions: In women with breast augmentation implants, all views are necessary to identify breast tissue abnormalities. In our sample, the inter- and intraobserver agreement were “substantial”.
Breast,breast cancer,mammography,Breast augmentation,Breast Implants
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89933.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89933_803b4a30bc93be989666c8c5ffc2e562.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Different Cytotoxic Effects of Vetiver Oil on Three Types of Cancer Cells, Mainly Targeting CNR2 on TNBC
241
251
EN
Mila
Hanifa
Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta,
Indonesia.
milahanifa@mail.ugm.ac.id
Raditya
Wulandari
Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta,
Indonesia.
radityawulandari@mail.ugm.ac.id
Ummi
Maryam
Zulfin
Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta,
Indonesia.
ummi.m@mail.ugm.ac.id
Eri
Prasetyo
Nugroho
Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta,
Indonesia.
eri.prasetyo.nugroho@mail.ugm.ac.id
Sari
Haryanti
Herbal and Traditional Medicine Research Center, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia.
sari.haryanti@gmail.com
Edy
Meiyanto
0000-0002-0886-6322
Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara II, 55281 Yogyakarta,
Indonesia.
meiyan_e@ugm.ac.id
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.241
Objective: To investigate vetiver oil (VO) selectivity effects on several cancer cell types and identify the β-caryophyllene role and mechanisms to prevent cancer development. Methods: Cytotoxic effects of VO on three types of cancer cells (WiDr, 4T1, T47D) were determined using MTT assay. VO’s effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry. Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) of cells after treatment with VO was observed with DCFDA staining. Bioinformatics study and molecular docking were used to determine the molecular targets of VO. Results: VO contained various essential oils in which β-caryophyllene was the most abundant. 4T1 cells performed the lowest IC50 value. WiDr and 4T1 cells showed an arrest in the G2/M phase, while T47D showed an increase of sub G1 population after VO treatment. On the other hand, apoptosis was only observed in WiDr and T47D cells. ROS levels were increased significantly in WiDr and T47D cells but not in 4T1 cells. Cannabinoids CB2 receptor (CNR2) was highly expressed in 4T1 cells and commonly exhibited a low survival rate on Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) patients. CNR2 was the notable target of β-caryophyllene and performed agonistic interaction, which might have contributed to its cytotoxic activity against 4T1 cells. Conclusion: The molecular interaction of VO cannabinoid agonists and the CNR2 receptor was the underlying cause of VO cytotoxicity, which is a VO distinction on TNBC. Therefore, VO is better suited for use as an anti-cancer agent in TNBC cells.
Vetiver oil,β -caryophyllene,Cytotoxic,TNBC,CNR2
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89936.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89936_13578723ecb5d3356342eac3c4fa3492.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Expression of Ki67 Biomarker in Oral Submucous Fibrosis with Clinico-Pathological Correlations: A Prospective Study
253
259
EN
K
A
Kamala
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. School of Dental Sciences, KIMSDU, Karad, Pin code -415110, District- Satara,
Maharashtra, India.
kamsweetsmile@gmail.com
Sujata
R
Kanetkar
Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Pin code -415110, District-
Satara, Maharashtra, India.
dr_kanetkar@yahoo.com
Kailash
D
Datkhile
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad. Pin
code -415110, District- Satara, Maharashtra, India.
kddatkhile@gmail.com
S
Sankethguddad
Consultant Periodontist and Implantologist, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
drguddad@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.253
Objectives: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is potentially malignant disorder known to transform into oral cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the degree and pattern of expression of aberrant Ki67 in OSMF, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and in normal oral mucosa patients (NOM). The objective is to correlate between Ki67 expression and degree of dysplasia in OSMF patents and also Ki67 expression with clinical and histological grading of OSMF and OSCC patient. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with purposive sampling technique from Jan 2017 to April 2020.The study groups consist of 35 OSMF cases, 10 cases of each OSCC and NOM. The samples were immunohistochemically analyzed for expression Ki67 antigen using chi-square test (P < 0.05). Results: The expression of Ki67 was significantly higher in OSMF than that of NOM samples, but less than that of OSCC samples. Present study showed correlation between expression of Ki67 with clinical staging and histological grading both in OSMF and OSCC patients. Conclusion: The study demonstrated a high incidence of Ki67 over expression in, OSMF and OSCC. Hence, Ki-67 can be widely used as a proliferation marker to measure growth fraction of cells in OSMF and also for determining the severity of epithelial dysplasia.
Malignant transformation,Biomarkers for OSMF,immunohistochemistry,Epithelial dysplasia,Correlation
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89935.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89935_ae06ed31204011fcc2b5844d263e7066.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
A Phytochemicals Approach Towards the Treatment of Cervical Cancer Using Polyphenols and Flavonoids
261
270
EN
Pooja
Yadav
0000-0002-5419-8337
Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, 124001, India.
poojayadav.rs.cmbt@mdurohtak.ac.in
Ravina
Vats
0000-0001-7717-2204
Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, 124001, India.
ravina.rs.cmbt@mdurohtak.ac.in
Afsareen
Bano
0000-0001-8627-6961
Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, 124001, India.
afsareen.rs.cmbt@mdurohtak.ac.in
Amit
Vashishtha
0000-0002-0463-1884
Sri Venkateswara College, University
of Delhi, Delhi, India.
vashishtha24@gmail.com
Rashmi
Bhardwaj
0000-0001-7045-0830
Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, 124001, India.
bhardwajrashmi3@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.261
Aim: Despite enormous progress in cancer biology, oncologists are still struggling to retrieve the methods and drugs to cure cancer which remains a global threat to humans. Plant-derived natural compounds, also known as phytochemicals, carry therapeutic potential and could be taken as dietary supplements, which are a radical way to resist as well as cure cancer. The present study reveals the anti-cancerous potential of a few phytochemical constituents under in vitro conditions and their mode of action on cervical cancer. SiHa was treated with phytochemicals viz. Quercetin dihydrate, Gallic Acid, and Naringin with varying concentrations to assess their cytotoxicity potential by various methods and also to elucidate their IC50 values. Methods: All three compounds reduced the cell number and viability, along with alterations in cancer cell morphology. The diagnosed IC50 values of the compounds were 160µM, 200µM, and 1500µM for Quercetin dihydrate, Gallic Acid, and Naringin, respectively. DNA fragmentation assay and gene expression analysis were also used to assess apoptosis and anti-proliferative activity of compounds. Results: We found fragmented DNA in treated cells as assessed by gel electrophoresis assay. These phytochemicals elicit an apoptotic response in SiHa cells by significantly up-regulating the gene expression level of p53 and p21 (p-value <0.005). Conclusion: Considering the anti-cancer and anti-proliferative potential of Quercetin dihydrate, Gallic Acid, and Naringin on the cervical cancer cell line, these phytochemicals could be used as an alternative or concurrent cancer therapeutic approach. However, further in-depth elucidation of their mode of action, safety, and efficacy should be explored.
anticancer activity,Cervical cancer,anti-proliferative,phytochemicals,DNA damage
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89938.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89938_9e091a41bafcd038e6a0aa16eaea0e98.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
New Approach about the Signaling Crosstalk between IQGAPs/ NF- κB/IL-8 and PDCD5/p53/TRAIL Pathways that Modulate Malignant Transformation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
271
279
EN
Khairy
M A
Zoheir
0000-0003-0896-4499
Cell Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622 Egypt.
khma25@gmail.com
Mohamed
A
Abdelhafez
Cell Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622 Egypt.
banhawy09@yahoo.com
Ahmed
M
Darwish
Cell Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622 Egypt.
adgene@yahoo.com
Karima
F
Mahrous
Cell Biology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622 Egypt.
l_fathy@yahoo.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.271
Objective: We aimed to investigate the signalling crosstalk of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, TRAIL death receptors, tumour protein p53, and programmed cell death (PDCD5) with IQGAPs. Also, we targeted the crosstalk between IQGAPs genes with decoy receptors, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and interleukins -8 (IL-8) and its receptor genes in a designed model of hepatocellular carcinoma induced in male Balb/c mice. Methods: The presence of HCC was confirmed by histological and morphological alterations. In parallel to the incidence of hepatic cancer, we found lung, heart, and kidney cancer after treatment with DEN. Results: Our results show that the expression of mRNA of IQGAP1, TRAIL decoy receptors, NF-κB, and IL-8 genes was elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma, as compared to normal liver tissue, while their expression was further up-regulated by increasing the dose of diethylnitrosamine. The expression of IQGAP2, TRAIL death receptors, p53, and PDCD5 was significantly down-regulated in HCC (p˂0.05). For confirmation of gene expression, protein levels of both IQGAP1 and P53 were measured by western blot analysis, which showed that diethylnitrosamine enhanced protein expression of IQGAP1 and diminished that of p53. Conclusion: IQGAPs have a direct signaling relationship with p53, IL-8, and TRAIL family. This interaction is recognized as a key signalling pathway for hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
IQGAPs,IL-8,TRAIL,DEN,Hepatocellular carcinoma
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89940.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89940_79e4b7424da701035b83aa338b464f8d.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
The Correlation between YAP and RhoA Expression in Prostate and Ovarian Tumor Stroma
281
285
EN
Myung-Jin
Lee
Department of Dental Hygiene, Division of Health Science, Baekseok University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
dh.mjlee@bu.ac.kr
Dokyeong
Kim
0000-0002-5154-9613
Precision Medicine Research Center, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
dkkim2908@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.281
Background and objective: Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a mesenchymal cell type found in most solid tumors modulating cancer metastasis by building up and remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between RhoA and YAP expression in the stroma cells obtained from prostate and ovarian cancer tissues. Methods: We analyzed two microarray datasets obtained from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO). The sample type of two datasets was RNA, which is displaying the transcriptome profiling. The tumor stroma of patients with invasive prostate cancer and high-grade serous ovarian cancer were obtained from datasets Independent t-test was used to analyze the differentially expressed YAP between normal stroma and cancer stroma. In addition, Pearson’s correlation was run to analyze the correlation between YAP and RhoA expressions. Results: In comparison with normal stroma tissues, YAP1 was overexpressed in prostate and ovarian cancer stroma tissues (prostate cancer stroma, p <0.05; ovarian cancer stroma, p < 0.001). Furthermore, a positive correlation was detected between YAP and RhoA expressions in stroma of both tumor types. This correlation was positively strong in prostate cancer stroma (R=0.607) and positively weak in ovarian cancer stroma (R=0.248). Conclusion: We found that YAP was overexpressed in prostate and ovarian cancer stroma. Furthermore, the correlation between RhoA and YAP expression suggested that RhoA-YAP signals could physiologically be involved in tumor stroma. Thus, targeting RhoA-YAP may be an intriguing avenue for cancer therapeutics in neoplastic epithelial cells as well as tumor stroma.
Tumor Microenvironment,cancer-associated fibroblasts,YAP,RhoA
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89937.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89937_5696623d53becd27b0896261d5cb7b98.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Assessment of the Biological Activities of Egyptian Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) Extract after Incorporating Metal Nanoparticles, in Vitro and in Vivo Study
287
310
EN
Wael Mahmoud
Aboulthana
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4848-0731
Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
wmkamel83@hotmail.com
Nagwa
Ibrahim
Omar
Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
nagwam2012@gmail.com
Enas
Ahmed
Hasan
Egyptian Organization for Biological Products & Vaccines (Vacsera), Giza, Egypt.
enas_ahmed515@yahoo.com
Kawkab
A.
Ahmed
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
kawkababdelaziz@yahoo.com
Ahmed
Mahmoud
Youssef
0000-0002-6501-6658
Packaging Materials Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St. (Former El Tahrir St.), P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
drahmadyoussef1977@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.287
Objective: Egyptian Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and a wide range of vitamins and phyto-constituents that were absorbed slowly due to their high molecular weights. Therefore, this study was designed to accelerate the absorption of these phyto-constituents and hence increase their bioavailability by incorporating silver (Ag-NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) due to their impressive properties. Methods: The major phyto-constituents and different biological activities were quantified in aqueous extract before and after incorporating metal nanoparticles (M-NPs). The efficiency of ZnO-P. nano-extract was studied on cell cycle and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG-2) cells. Then, both Ag- and ZnO-P. nano-extracts were studied against hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) in rats through undergoing different hematological and biochemical measurements in addition to the histopathological examination in hepatic tissues compared to the extract itself. Results: The ZnO-P. nano-extract showed significantly (P<0.05) higher antioxidant and scavenging activity due to the existence of higher total polyphenolic content. Also, it exhibited a significantly (P<0.05) higher inhibitory effect on acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity and higher cytotoxic activity against HEPG-2 cells. Therefore, ZnO-P. nano-extract was studied against the cell cycle and apoptosis of HEPG-2 cells compared to the extract itself. It was found that ZnO-P. nano-extract was safer than Ag-P. nano-extract. Both Ag- and ZnO- P. nano-extracts were studied against the hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) compared to the native extract. It was noticed that ZnO-P. nano-extract exhibited an ameliorative effect against hepatic fibrosis by decreasing levels of inflammatory and fibrotic markers significantly (P<0.05) more than Ag-P. nano-extract. Furthermore, it improved the antioxidant status of the hepatic tissue in addition to restoring the histopathological architecture of liver tissue. Conclusion: ZnO-P. nano-extract showed higher in vitro and in vivo biological activities than Ag-P. nano-extract and native P. extract itself.
Portulaca oleracea,Biological activity,Silver nanoparticles,Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles,Green Nanotechnology
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89941.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89941_3a603f62da42e2cd4943702bcb02c62c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Central Myanmar: Report of Nay Pyi Taw Population-Based Cancer Registry
311
318
EN
Kaung
Myat
Shwe
0000-0003-4257-8188
Nay Pyi Taw Cancer Registry, Nay Pyi Taw General Hospital (1000 Bedded), Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health,
Myanmar.
drkmshwe1977@gmail.com
Soe
Myat
Win
Nay Pyi Taw Cancer Registry, Nay Pyi Taw General Hospital (1000 Bedded), Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health,
Myanmar.
dr.soemyat@gmail.com
Aye
Nyein
Thant
Nay Pyi Taw Cancer Registry, Nay Pyi Taw General Hospital (1000 Bedded), Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health,
Myanmar.
ayenyeinjue@gmail.com
Aung Myo
Sat
Htay
Nay Pyi Taw Cancer Registry, Nay Pyi Taw General Hospital (1000 Bedded), Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health,
Myanmar.
Hlwan
Moe
Han
Department of Oncology, No.2 Defense Services General Hospital (1000 Bedded), Nay Pyi Taw, Ministry of Defense,
Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar.
dr.hlwanmoehan@gmail.com
Naw Hsah
Ka
Paw
Vital Registration Unit, Central Statistical Organization, Ministry of Planning and Finance, Nay Pyi Taw,
Myanmar.
nawsar1962@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.311
Background: Cancer is a major public health problem in Myanmar, and cancer registration activities are currently underway through both hospital-based and population-based approaches. So far, there are no population-based cancer incidence and mortality estimates in the country. Methods: According to the 2014 census, the total population of Nay Pyi Taw Union Territory was 1,160,242 within the area of 70,571 km2. Nay Pyi Taw Cancer Registry team collected data of new cancer cases both actively and passively from all data sources in the region. The data were registered, updated, cross-checked, quality-assured, and analyzed in CanReg5. The results were presented as the number of cases by site, sex, and age, cumulative risk (CR), crude rate, age-specific, and age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) per 100,000. Results: Total 5,952 new cancer cases and 1874 cancer deaths were recorded among the population of the Nay Pyi Taw Union Territory between 2013 and 2017. The age-standardized incidence rate for all cancer sites excluding non-melanoma skin cancers in males was 125.9 and 107.3 for females. For both sexes combined, the most common cancers were lung (14%), breast (11.4%), liver (10.2%), mouth and pharynx (8.5%), and stomach cancers (7.8%). In males, the most common were lung (18.1%), liver (14.8%), mouth and pharynx (13%), stomach (8.9%) and colon, rectum, and anus (7.4%) cancers. In females, these were breast (21.2%), cervix (13.0%), lung (10.3%), stomach (6.9%) and colon, rectum, and anus (6.3%) cancers. The most common cancer deaths were caused by liver (20.8%), lung (15.7%), mouth and pharynx (9.3%), stomach (7.5%), and Colon, rectum, and anus (6.8%) cancers. Conclusion: The findings in this study are salient and have potential to serve as important information for the National Cancer Control Program to formulate prevention and control strategies.
Cancer incidence and mortality,cancer epidemiology,Population based cancer registry,Nay Pyi Taw Cancer Registry,Myanmar
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89939.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89939_be4351a782b5b933054c3a0a9571a2f6.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Factors Influencing Demand for Medical Cannabis Use among Cancer Patients in the North of Thailand
319
325
EN
Alongkorn
Sukrueangkul
0000-0002-1616-4988
Doctor of Public Health Program, Faculty of Public Health, KhonKaen University, Thailand.
alongkorn.kku@gmail.com
Nitchatorn
Panomai
Department of Public Health
Administration, Health Promotion, and Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.
rappan@kku.ac.th
Wongsa
Laohasiriwong
Department of Public Health
Administration, Health Promotion, and Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.
wongsa@kku.ac.th
Chutikan
Sakphisutthikul
Department of Public Health
Administration, Health Promotion, and Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.
chusak@kku.ac.th
Surachai
Phimha
0000-0003-2248-546X
Department of Public Health
Administration, Health Promotion, and Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen, Thailand.
suraphi@kku.ac.th
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.319
Objective: Cancer treatments often cause side effects. Cannabis is a plant that has been studied and used to treat and relieve side effects from modern medicine. Medical cannabis (MC) was legalized in Thailand in 2019 with limited research on demand for its use. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with demand for MC use among cancer patients in the North of Thailand. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study administered a multistage random sampling to recruit 1,284 cancer patients in northern Thailand to response a self-administered structured questionnaire. Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) was used to identify the determinants of demand for MC use among the population, presented adjusted odds ratios (adj.OR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and p-values. Result: Nearly half of the respondents reported demand to use MC (44.0%). The factors that were significantly associated with demand to use MC included had high levels of health literacy about MC (adj.OR = 5.70; 95% CI: 4.08 to 7.96), higher levels of social support (adj.OR =5.50; 95% CI: 3.60 to 8.39), positive attitudes toward MC use (adj.OR = 2.56; 95% CI: 1.83 to 3.56), aged less than 30 (adj.OR =1.89; 95% CI: 1.21 to 2.93), diagnosis with cancerfor more than 12 months ago (adj.OR =1.73; 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.52) when controlling effect of other covariates. Conclusion: We found substantial demand for MC use among cancer patients. Health literacy,social support, attitudes about MC, age, and duration of having cancer were significantly associated with demand for MC use. Therefore, improving health literacy and social support, especially among older cancer patients, could help increasing demand for MC as a complementary medicine to treat cancers.
alternative medicine,contemporary medicine,ganja,marijuana
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89951.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89951_e54ece4604f193e3629accb6c886e6ff.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Analysing the Insights and Assessing the Impact of a Digital Mammography and Tomosynthesis Based 2-year Long Prospective Breast Screening Programme Organised in Western India
327
338
EN
Pranav
Ajmera
0000-0001-8801-0235
Department of Radiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medial College, Hospital and Research Center, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
pranavajmera@gmail.com
Pratiksha
Yadav
0000-0003-4234-754X
Department of Radiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medial College, Hospital and Research Center, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
yadavpratiksha@hotmail.com
Udayan
Dosi
Department of Radiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medial College, Hospital and Research Center, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
udayan.dosi@gmail.com
Shreeya
Goyal
Department of Radiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medial College, Hospital and Research Center, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
goyalshreeya@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.327
Background: While the past decades have seen a rise in the number of cases diagnosed with cancer, breast cancer in particular has become the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women over the past decade. The figures for associated mortality are on a decline in most Western and developed nations, but in contrast they continue to remain high in transitional nations like India. Materials and Methods: After receiving approval by IEC and IRB, we set-up a prospective 2-year long screening programme combined with outreach camps to ensure representation of the larger population and include urban, rural and tribal population. Strict screening criteria were enforced and trained female paramedical staff were assigned to the camp for patient counselling and breast cancer awareness. Investigation was performed at the tertiary care institute utilising both full-field digital breast mammography and tomosynthesis. Biopsy was advised for highly suspicious lesions. Results: The study encompassed n=1017 Indian women and revealed that 39% (n=397) of them belonged to 41-50 years age group. BIRADS categorisation of the lesions revealed that while majority (57%; n=580) women had no detectable abnormality, nearly 22% (n=224) had lesions suspected to be benign while 10% (n=99) of them had lesions with a suspicion of high index of malignancy. 43% (n=437) of the populace had dense breasts (type-C). Most of the BIRADS-5 lesions (36/38) were confirmed as malignant on histopathology. Conclusion: We propose a model for screening mammography and also presents the results of this programme which we implemented to screen populace from a large and densely populated geographic region. The model was successful in being self-sustainable and received a good turnout on the back of community outreach breast awareness camps and by incentivizing the women by performing mammograms completely free of cost and also providing them reports.
breast cancer,Screening,Digital breast mammography,camps,Western India
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89942.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89942_82b3c65d479bbfd7ad0ca4496c2dd53a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Circulating Cell Free DNA Integrity Index as a Biomarker for Response to Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma
339
348
EN
Nancy
Samir
Eskander
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
myshepherd88@gmail.com
Lamia
Mansour
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
lamiamansour@gmail.com
Amaal
Abdelaal
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
amaalabdelaal@hotmail.com
Ehab
Saad
0000-0002-0273-357X
Department of Cinical Oncology and
Nuclear Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
ehab.saad239@gmail.com
Doaa
Mohamed
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
doaa.mohamed@kasralainy.edu.eg
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.339
Objective: Assessing plasma Cell Free DNA (cfDNA) integrity index as a biomarker for response prediction and early response evaluation in mCRC patients receiving chemotherapy, in comparison to Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), to be used as an additional tool to computed tomography (CT). Methods: CEA, CA19-9, cfDNA concentration and cfDNA integrity index (ALU 247/115) measurements were conducted on 86 subjects divided into 43 healthy volunteers and 43 mCRC patients, before starting chemotherapy and then after 6-12 weeks of therapy initiation (3-4 cycles FOLFOX) at first response assessment. Plasma cfDNA integrity index was calculated as the ratio of long to short DNA fragments (ALU 247/115) amplified and detected by real-time PCR. Serum CEA and CA19-9 were measured by chemiluminescent immunometric assay. Results: Baseline cfDNA integrity index was statistically significantly different between responders and non-responders (p=0.03). It was found that at cut off 0.608, sensitivity was 73.7%, specificity was 66.7% and diagnostic accuracy=69.77%. Markers with statistical significant difference between responders and non-responders after chemotherapy were CEA % change (p=0.035), CA19-9 (p=0.024), cfDNA integrity index (p=0.035) and cfDNA integrity index % change (p<0.001). Among these markers, cfDNA integrity index % change had the best sensitivity (84.2%), specificity (95.2%) and diagnostic accuracy (90.7%) at cut off -17.827%. Conclusion: Baseline cfDNA integrity index can be used as a potential marker to predict response to chemotherapy. cfDNA integrity index (ALU 247/115) % change rather than its absolute value is superior to CEA, CA19-9, cfDNA concentration and their % changes in early assessment of response to chemotherapy.
cfDNA,mCRC,cfDNA Integrity index
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89943.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89943_b3db374b39a8458ccc8b39ec0a2afa23.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Intraoperative Molecular Analysis of Total Tumor Load in Sentinel Lymph Node: A Predictor of Axillary Status in Early Breast Cancer
349
354
EN
Suphawat
Laohawiriyakamol
0000-0002-4055-8784
Division of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Songklanagarind Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
lsuphawa@medicine.psu.ac.th
Somrit
Mahattanobon
0000-0002-8997-9678
Division of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Songklanagarind Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
msomrit@medicine.psu.ac.th
Puttisak
Puttawibul
0000000198530015
Division of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Songklanagarind Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
putpnu@hotmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.349
Background: Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) remains the standard of care in breast cancer patients with positive sentinel lymph node (SLN). However, approximately 40–60% of patients with positive SLNs have not developed to non-SLN metastasis and ALND seems to be an overtreatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze predictors and define a specific cut-off of total tumor load (TTL) of CK19 that can be used as a predictive factor of non-SLN metastasis in early breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: The records of 238 patients with cT1-3N0 breast cancer who had an intraoperative SLN evaluation performed through One-Step nucleic acid (OSNA) assay at Songklanagarind Hospital between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019 were examined. Univariate and Multivariate analysis was used to identify clinicopathologic features in SLN-positive patients that predict metastasis to non-SLNs. Finally, receiver operative characteristics (ROC) curves were used to choose an optimal TTL cut-off value. Results: Of a total of 110 patients who had a positive SLN, only 48 (43.64%) were found to have positive nodes in non-SLN. Multivariate analysis revealed that lymphovascular invasion, type of SLN metastasis and SLN TTL (copies/μL) were independent predictors of positive non-SLNs. TTL cut-off value was 19,000 copies/μL, with an AUC of 0.838 with 72.7% sensitivity and 84.7% specificity to predict non-SLN metastasis. Conclusions: The likelihood of positive non-SLNs in patients who showed a positive SLN correlates with lymphovascular invasion, type of SLN metastasis and SLN TTL (copies/μL). Our result revealed that the patients with a SLN TTL ≥19,000 copies/µl continue to attract the recommendation to proceed with ALND. This cut-off value can then help clinicians to assess which patients would benefit from ALND.
Breast Neoplasm,Molecular diagnostic technique,sentinel lymph node biopsy,Tumor load
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89944.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89944_50f9106e7c0f8f1770b55a365a756998.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Dosimetric Importance of the Implementation of Daily Image Guidance in Radiotherapy Practice
355
361
EN
Hridya
V T
Department of Applied Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India.
hridya.rema@gmail.com
D
Khanna
0000-0015-2557-212X
Department of Applied Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India.
davidkhanna@karunya.edu
Aswathi
Raj
Department of Applied Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India.
aswathirajsgm@gmail.com
Sathish
Padmanabhan
Department of Oncology, Aster
Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Calicut, India.
sathish@asterhospital.com
P
Mohandass
Department of Radiation Oncology, Fortis Cancer Institute, Fortis Hospital,
Mohali, Punjab, India.
kpmds03@gmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.355
Background: The purpose of this study is to show the dosimetric importance of using daily image guidance in radiotherapy treatment. Methods: A sample of 30 patients with various head and neck cancers were retrospectively selected for the studies. The prescribed dose, 66 Gy/33 fractions was used for all patients who received 7 to 9 beams, 6 MV Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) plan delivered by Varian Truebeam STx. Before the first fraction of the treatment, the patient’s shift corresponds to isocenter was noted and corrected. Subsequently, the images were taken daily for all 30 patients and the maximum, mode, median and mean of all shifts were recorded and applied to the base plan and recalculated for quantitative analysis of tumour coverage and Organ at Risk’s (OARs) doses using various dosimetric parameters such as Homogeneity Index (HI), Conformation Number (CN), Conformity Index (CI), Coverage Index (COVI), Dose Gradient Index (DGI) and Unified Dosimetry Index (UDI) of shift plan. Results: The results showed the Planning Target Volume (PTV) and the OARs values deteriorated from its base plan values in the various shift plans created by applying the patient setup errors analyzed using image guidance. Mean dose of maximum shift plan with a significant P value of 0.002, D2% of maximum shift plan with a significant P value 0.028, the D98% Values of maximum and mode plans with the significant P value 0.004 each, the D50% and D80% values of the maximum shift plans with their significant P values 0.001 and 0.002 respectively. Also, HI95%, CN95% and COVI values of the maximum shift plan showed much variation with significant P values of 0.004, 0.040 and 0.0004 respectively from their base plan values. There were significant changes observed in OARs values between base plan and shift plans. Conclusion: Implementation of daily image guidance in radiotherapy is mandatory taking into account of its dosimetric importance and to achieve the goal of radiotherapy practice of sparing the critical organs without compromising the target coverage.
Head and neck cancers,IGRT imaging,shift in IGRT and Imaging in Radiotherapy
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89945.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89945_2e362be858c5515026bb5caa9bef2e5a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
23
1
2022
01
01
Newly Synthesized Punicalin and Punicalagin Nano-Prototypes Induce Breast Cancer Cytotoxicity Through ROS-Mediated Apoptosis
363
376
EN
Ahmed
A
Abd-Rabou
Department of Hormones, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
ahmedchemia87@yahoo.com
Aziza
B
Shalby
Department of Hormones, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
drazizanrc@yahoo.com
Soheir
E
Kotob
Department of Hormones, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
soheir1010@hotmail.com
10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.1.363
Objective: Globally, breast cancer represents serious cause of morbidity and mortality. Our goal is to improve nutraceuticals that have the ability to overlap the side effects of conventional therapies and promising tumoricidal effects by using nanotechnology techniques. The current work was premeditated to explore the apoptotic effects of punicalin (PN) and punicalagin (PNG) nano-prototypes, derived from Punica granatum, on human breast cancerous MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Methods: Firstly, we prepared and characterized of PN, PGN, and 5-flurouracil (FU)-loaded PLGA, PLGA-coated-CS, and PLGA-coated-CS-PEG nano-prototypes. Then, we studied the toxicological and biochemical effects of all nanoformulations. Finally, we measured the genetic and protein expression levels of apoptotic and survival candidates in cancer cells. Results: Our results showed that the newly synthesized nano-prototypes had cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Moreover, they up-regulated Bax and Cas-3 expression levels, as well as down-regulated BCL-2, NF-ĸB and PI3k expression levels compared to control. Nitric oxide (NO) and zinc (Zn) levels were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) after the application of PN and PNG nano-prototypes compared to the control. Conclusion: PN and PNG nano-prototypes of PLGA decorated with CS and PEG enhanced the anti-cancer activity through induction of cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis.
breast cancer cell lines,punicalagin,punicalin,PLGA nanoparticles
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89946.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_89946_14a7fa71c8f5d33d72da1c4c4bdfcead.pdf