West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Medical Treatment of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis: From Bisphosphonates to Targeted Drugs
1503
1510
EN
Breast cancer bone metastasis causing severe morbidity is commonly encountered in daily clinical practice.It causes pain, pathologic fractures, spinal cord and other nerve compression syndromes and life threateninghypercalcemia. Breast cancer metastasizes to bone through complicated steps in which numerous molecules playroles. Metastatic cells disrupt normal bone turnover and create a vicious cycle to which treatment efforts shouldbe directed. Bisphosphonates have been used safely for more than two decades. As a group they delay time to firstskeletal related event and reduce pain, but do not prevent development of bone metastasis in patients with nobone metastasis, and also do not prolong survival. The receptor activator for nuclear factor kB ligand inhibitordenosumab delays time to first skeletal related event and reduces the skeletal morbidity rate. Radionuclides areanother treatment option for bone pain. New targeted therapies and radionuclides are still under investigation.In this review we will focus on mechanisms of bone metastasis and its medical treatment in breast cancer patients.
breast cancer,bone metastasis,Bisphosphonates,denosumab,targeted therapy
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28779.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28779_8bf5e75df55e5e01a9823894f818838c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
MiR-886-5p Inhibition Inhibits Growth and Induces Apoptosis of MCF7 Cells
1511
1515
EN
Background and Aims: To explore the molecular mechanisms of miR-886-5p in breast cancer., we examinedroles in inhibiting growth and migration of MCF-7 cells. <br/><b>Methods</b>: MiR-886-5p mimics and inhibitors were usedto express or inhibit MiR-886-5p, respectively, and MTT and clone formation assays were used to determine thesurvival and proliferation. Hoechst 33342/ PI double staining was applied to detect apoptosis. The expressionof caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, MT1-MMP, VEGF-C and VEGF-D was detected by Western blotting, andthe levels of MMP2 and MMP9 secreted from MCF-7 cells were assessed by ELISA. MCF-7 cell migration wasdetermined by wound healing and Transwell assays. <br/><b>Results</b>: We found that the growth of MCF-7 cells wasinhibited upon decreasing miR-886-5p levels. Inhibiting miR-866-5p also significantly induced apoptosis anddecreased the migratory capacity of these cells. The expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, MT1-MMP, MMP2, andMMP9 was also found to be decreased as compared to controls. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Our data show that downregulationof miR-886-5p expression in MCF-7 cells could significantly inhibit cell growth and migration. This might implythat inhibiting miR-886-5p could be a therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.
MCF-7,miR-886-5p,caspase,MT1-MMP,MMP2
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28780.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28780_85a23c0457c054833fa23c2e93f95838.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Sulforaphane Inhibits the Proliferation of the BIU87 Bladder Cancer Cell Line via IGFBP-3 Elevation
1517
1520
EN
Aim: To investigate effects of sulforaphane on the BIU87 cell line and underlying mechanisms involvingIGFBP-3. <br/><b>Methods</b>: Both BIU87 and IGFBP-3-silenced BIU87 cells were treated with sulforaphane. Cellproliferation was detected by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were determined via flow cytometry.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were applied to analyze the expression of IGFBP-3and NF-κB at both mRNA and protein levels. <br/><b>Results</b>: Sulforaphane (80 μM) treatment could inhibit cellproliferation, inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. All these effects could be antagonized byIGFBP-3 silencing. Furthermore, sulforaphane (80 μM) could down-regulate NF-κB expression while elevatingthat of IGFBP-3. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Sulforaphane could suppress the proliferation of BIU87 cells via enhancingIGFBP-3 expression, which negatively regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.
sulforaphane,bladder cancer,IGFBP-3,NF-κB
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28781.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28781_24082b103229f3934f807838107d80dc.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
The Aetiological Role of Human Papillomavirus in Colorectal Carcinoma: An Iranian Population- Based Case Control Study
1521
1525
EN
<b>Background:</b> Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infectionsworldwide and the association between HPV infection and genital cancers has been well established. This studyconcerned the possible role of HPV infection in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) in the Iranian population. Materialsand <br/><b>Methods</b>: We examined 80 tissues obtained from patients with colorectal cancer consisting of 58 colon cancersamples and 22 rectal cancer samples and 80 tissues from patients with unremarkable pathologic changes asmatched controls by sex, study center and anatomical sites. HPV infection and genotypes were detected usingnested PCR and sequencing methods, respectively. <br/><b>Results</b>: HPV DNA was detected in 5/80 (6.25%) cases including1 of 22 (4.54%) patients with rectum cancer and 4 of 58 (6.9%) patients with colon cancer and 1/80 (1.25%) ofcontrols. Furthermore, HPV-18 was detected as the most frequent type and we found no significant correlationbetween prevalence of HPV infection and anatomical sub- sites. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Although a causal relation betweenhuman papillomavirus and colorectal cancer was not found through this study, analysis of medical recordspointed to a possible role for high- risk types of HPV in increasing the potential of aggressiveness in colorectalcancer. This study shows a particular frequency of HPV genotypes in patients with colorectal cancer in Iran.Since HPV vaccines are limited to a few types of virus, using cohort studies in different geographical zones toscreen for patterns of HPV infection in different organs might increase the efficacy and optimization of thecurrent vaccines.
human papillomavirus,colorectal cancer,Iranian population,HPV vaccines
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28782.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28782_aef070081d4e809f25dfdf5ebe9d5eb5.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Is the Correlation between Papanicolaou Smear and Histopathology Results Affected by Time to Colposcopy?
1527
1530
EN
<b>Background:</b> Time to colposcopy (TC) after abnormal Pap smears was evaluated for influence on cytohistologiccorrelation (CHC). Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: This retrospective study assessed the correlation between TC andCHC of women who had abnormal Pap smears. Colposcopic chart review included participants from 2010-2013 who attended a colposcopic clinic, Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand. <br/><b>Results</b>: Four hundred andsixty cases who had abnormal Pap smears were recruited. Pap reports were atypical smears with low gradesquamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), high grade SIL and cancer at 339, 114 and 7 cases, respectively. Onehundred and twenty four patients underwent loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). A half of the caseswere colposcopically examined within 1-2 months after abnormal Pap collection. CHC was 88 percent and notaffected at all by TC. Subjects who attended cervical cancer screening from affiliated health providers had shorterTC than those screened in our tertiary hospital. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Time to colposcopy with abnormal Pap smearsconducted at Thammasat University Hospital had a highest frequency of 42 days, in line with the literature.Length of TC does not affect the correlation between Pap and histopathologic reports. A longer waiting periodfor colposcopy did not alter progression or regression of the disease.
Pap smear,colposcopy,Waiting time,histopathology,change
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28783.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28783_9d3b740626e8e48b93ae15491bee4adf.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Overexpression of RUNX3 Inhibits Malignant Behaviour of Eca109 Cells in Vitro and Vivo
1531
1537
EN
Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a tumor suppressor gene whose reduced expression may playan important role in the development and progression of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). The aim ofthis study was to investigate the clinical relevance of RUNX3 in ESCC patients and effects of overexpressionon biological behaviour of Eca109 cells in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect theclinical relevance of RUNX3 and lymph node metastasis in 80 ESCC tissues and 40 non-cancerous tissues usingthe SP method. RT-PCR and Western blotting were applied to assess the RUNX3 level and verify the Eca109 cellline with stable overexpression. Localization of RUNX3 proteins was performed by cell immunofluorescence.CCK-8 and Scrape motility assays were used to determine proliferation and migration and the TUNEL assayto analyze cell apoptosis. Invasive potential was assessed in cell transwell invasion experiments. In nude mice,tumorigenesis in vivo was determined. Results showed decreased expression of RUNX3 in esophageal tissue tobe significantly related to lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P<0.01). In addition, construction of a recombinantlentiviral vector and transfection into the human ESCC cell line Eca109 demonstrated that overexpressioncould inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induce apoptosis. The in vivo experiments in miceshowed tumorigenicity and invasiveness to be significantly reduced. Taken together, our studies indicate thatunderexpression of RUNX3 in human ESCC tissue is significantly correlated with progression. Restoration ofRUNX3 expression significantly inhibits ESCC cells proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis.
esophageal squamous cancer,RUNX3,Lentivirus,Overexpression,Proliferation,Apoptosis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28784.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28784_daadffe49a014715498a7fb8ffac022b.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Prognostic Value of Serum AFP, AFP-L3, and GP73 in Monitoring Short-term Treatment Response and Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Radiofrequency Ablation
1539
1544
EN
Purpose: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3), and Golgiprotein 73 (GP73) levels have been widely used as tumor markers for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate whether these tumor markers could be used to monitor short-termtreatment response and recurrence of HCC in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation (RFA). <br/><b>Methods</b>:Between July 2012 and July 2013, 53 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed HCC were prospectively enrolledin this study. Among these, 32 patients underwent RFA, after which they were followed up prospectively at theFirst Hospital of Jilin University in China. <br/><b>Results</b>: AFP, AFP-L3, and GP-73 values pre-RFA were not associatedwith tumor size, whereas AFP and GP-73 levels tended to be associated with tumor number, the presence ofvascular invasion, deterioration of liver function, advanced-stage disease, and a poor performance status. GP-73levels were dramatically elevated in the patients with hepatitis C-associated HCC. Neither pre-RFA nor 1-monthpost-RFA tumor marker values were associated with short-term outcome. The short-term recurrence rate ofAFP-positive patients measured 1 month post-RFA was obviously higher than that of AFP-negative patients.<br/><b>Conclusions</b>: AFP and GP-73 values were associated with clinical variables representing tumor growth andinvasiveness, and the AFP value measured 1 month post-RFA was a strong predictor of short-term recurrencein patients with HCC.
AFP,AFP-L3,GP-73,Hepatocellular carcinoma,radiofrequency ablation
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28785.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28785_a45bf145e86c388ed358f4ec8fe8720e.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Clinical Outcome of Helical Tomotherapy for Inoperable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Kyung Hee University Medical Center Experience
1545
1549
EN
<b>Background:</b> Published studies on clinical outcome of helical tomotherapy for lung cancer are limited. Thepurpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes and treatment-related toxicity in inoperable non-smallcell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with helical tomotherapy in Korea. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: Twentysevenpatients with NSCLC were included in this retrospective study. Radiotherapy was performed using helicaltomotherapy with a daily dose of 2.1-3 Gy delivered at 5 fractions per week resulting in a total dose of 62.5-69.3Gy. We assessed radiation-related lung and esophageal toxicity, and analyzed overall survival, locoregionalrecurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and prognostic factors for overall survival. <br/><b>Results</b>:The median follow-up period was 28.9 months (range, 10.1-69.4). The median overall survival time was 28.9months, and 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 96.2%, 92.0%, and 60.0%. The median locoregionalrecurrence-free survival time was 24.3 months, and 1-, 2-, and 3-year locoregional recurrence-free survival rateswere 85.2%, 64.5%, and 50.3%. The median distant metastasis-free survival time was 26.7 months, and 1-, 2-,and 3-year distant metastasis-free survival rates were 92.3%, 83.9%, and 65.3%, respectively. Gross tumorvolume was the most significant prognostic factor for overall survival. No grade 4 or more toxicity was observed.<br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Helical tomotherapy in patients with inoperable NSCLC resulted in high survival rates with anacceptable level of toxicity, suggesting it is an effective treatment option in patients with medically inoperableNSCLC.
Helical tomotherapy,Lung cancer,clinical outcome,Korea
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28786.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28786_b4455ba8bac200e3257cb8e62154be0b.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Dose-Dependent Cytotoxic Effects of Menthol on Human Malignant Melanoma A-375 Cells: Correlation with TRPM8 Transcript Expression
1551
1556
EN
<b>Background:</b> Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a principle membrane receptor involved incalcium ion influx and cell signal transduction, has been found to be up-regulated in some cancer types, includingmelanomas. Efficiency of menthol, an agonist of TRPM8, in killing melanoma cancer cells has been reportedpreviously, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We here determined whether in vitro cytotoxic effects of mentholon A-375 human malignant melanoma cells might be related to TRPM8 transcript expression. Materials and<br/><b>Methods</b>: The PrestoBlue® cell viability assay was used to assess the in vitro cytotoxic effect of menthol after24h of treatment. RT-PCR was used to quantify TRPM8 transcript expression levels in normal and mentholtreatedcells. Cell morphology was observed under inverted phase contrast light microscopy. <br/><b>Results</b>: TRPM8transcript expression was found at low levels in A-375 cells and down-regulated in a potentially dose-dependentmanner by menthol. Menthol exerted in vitro cytotoxic effects on A-375 cells with an IC50 value of 11.8 μM, whichwas at least as effective as 5-fluorouracil (IC50=120 μM), a commonly applied chemotherapeutic drug. Mentholshowed no dose-dependent cytotoxicity on HeLa cells, a TRPM8 non-expressing cell line. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Thecytotoxic effects on A-375 cells caused by menthol might be related to reduction of the TRPM8 transcript level.This suggests that menthol might activate TRPM8 to increase cytosolic Ca2+ levels, which leads to cytosolic Ca2+imbalance and triggers cell death.
A-375 melanoma cells,Ca2+ balance,Cytotoxicity,Menthol,TRPM8
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28787.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28787_28681a59b1078250476f37bc9f948009.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Trends of Breast Cancer Incidence in Iran During 2004-2008: A Bayesian Space-time Model
1557
1561
EN
<b>Background:</b> Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women and estimating its relativerisks and trends of incidence at the area-level is helpful for health policy makers. However, traditional methodsof estimation which do not take spatial heterogeneity into account suffer from drawbacks and their results maybe misleading, as the estimated maps of incidence vary dramatically in neighboring areas. Spatial methods havebeen proposed to overcome drawbacks of traditional methods by including spatial sources of variation in themodel to produce smoother maps. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: In this study we analyzed the breast cancer data inIran during 2004-2008. We used a method proposed to cover spatial and temporal effects simultaneously andtheir interactions to study trends of breast cancer incidence in Iran. <br/><b>Results</b>: The results agree with previousstudies but provide new information about two main issues regarding the trend of breast cancer in provinces ofIran. First, this model discovered provinces with high relative risks of breast cancer during the 5 years of thestudy. Second, new information was provided with respect to overall trend trends o. East-Azerbaijan, Golestan,North-Khorasan, and Khorasan-Razavi had the highest increases in rates of breast cancer incidence whilst Tehran,Isfahan, and Yazd had the highest incidence rates during 2004-2008. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Using spatial methods canprovide more accurate and detailed information about the incidence or prevalence of a disease. These modelscan specify provinces with different health priorities in terms of needs for therapy and drugs or demands forefficient education, screening, and preventive policy into action.
breast cancer,Incidence,spatio-temporal information,bayesian disease mapping,Iran
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28788.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28788_055b13c68d710144b3b19ed557451cae.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
HOXB7 Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome in Patients with Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer
1563
1566
EN
<b>Background:</b> Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for most esophageal cancer in Asia, and isthe sixth common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Previous studies indicated HOXB7 is overexpressedin ESCC tissues, but data on prognostic value are limited. <br/><b>Methods</b>: A total of 76 advanced ESCC cases wereinvestigated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression levels of HOXB7 and Kaplan-Meiercurves and Cox regression models to determine prognostic significance. Stratified analysis was also performedaccording to lymph node (LN) status. <br/><b>Results</b>: Kaplan-Meier curve analysis indicated that HOXB7 positivepatients had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than HOXB7 negative patients. Multivariate analysisusing the Cox proportional hazards model indicated only TNM stage and HOXB7 expression to be independentpredictors of overall survival of advanced ESCC patients. HOXB7 indicated poor OS in both lymph node negative(LN−) and lymph node positive (LN+) patients. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: HOXB7 predicts poor prognosis of advanced ESCCpatients and can be applied as an independent prognostic predictor.
HOXB7,Prognosis,advanced ESCC cases
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28789.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28789_748ac7b23f6d6dfc5720d8111e940de1.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Mortality of Major Cancers in Guangxi, China: Sex, Age and Geographical Differences from 1971 and 2005
1567
1574
EN
The incidence and mortality rates of liver and nasopharyngeal cancer in Guangxi province of China havealways been among the highest in the world, and cancer is one of the major diseases that pose a threat to thehealth of residents in Guangxi. However, no systematic study has been performed to evaluate the time trendsin the structure of cancer-related deaths and cancer mortality. In this study, we reveal sex, age and geographydifferences of cancers mortality between three death surveys (1971 to 1973, 1990 to 1992, and 2004 to 2005). Theresults show that the standardized mortality rate of cancer in Guangxi residents has risen from 43.3/100,000to 84.2/100,000, the share of cancer deaths in all-cause deaths has increased from 13.3% to 20.7%, and cancerhas become the second most common cause of death. The five major cancers, liver cancer, lung cancer, gastriccancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and colorectal cancer, account for 60% of all the cancer deaths. Cancers withgrowing mortality rates over the past 30 years include lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and femalebreast cancer, of which lung cancer is associated with the sharpest rise in mortality, with a more than 600% risein both men and women. Cancer death in Guangxi residents occurs mainly in the elderly population above 45years of age, especially in people over the age of 65. The areas with the highest mortality rates for liver cancerand nasopharyngeal cancer, which feature regional high incidences, include Chongzuo and Wuzhou. Therefore,for major cancers such as liver cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and female breastcancer in Guangxi, we can select high-risk age groups as the target population for cancer prevention and controlefforts in high-prevalence areas in a bid to achieve the ultimate goal of lowering cancer mortality in Guangxi.
cancer,mortality,Guangxi,China,1971-2005
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28790.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28790_f378779dbe6ae247209c10658691b741.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Helicobacter pylori vacA d1 Genotype Predicts Risk of Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Peptic Ulcers in Northwestern Iran
1575
1579
EN
<b>Background:</b> There is a close relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H pylori)-specific factors and differentgastroduodenal diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of vacA d1, d2 genotypes in theH pylori isolates from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastritis in EastAzerbaijan region, where the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) is high. Strains isolated from this area are likelyto be of European ancestry. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: In this study, genotyping of the vacA d region of 115 isolatesobtained from patients with different gastrodoudenal diseases was accomplished by PCR methods. In additionto PCR amplification of H pylori 16S rDNA, rapid urease tests or histological examination were used to confirmthe presence of H pylori in biopsy specimens. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 19. <br/><b>Results</b>:Of the total of 83 H pylori isolates, 36 (43.4%) contained the d1 allele and 47 (56.6%) were subtype d2. Theresults of the multiple linear/logistic regression analysis showed high correlation between allele d1 and gastricadenocarcinoma or PUD. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: This study suggests that the H pylori vacA d1 genotype helps predict riskfor gastric adenocarcinoma and PUD in East Azerbaijan, Iran.
East Azerbaijan,Gastric adenocarcinoma,H pylori,vacA d1 genotype,Iran
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28791.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28791_e984f2466a3c9feeb457c902feab37ab.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Docetaxel and Cisplatin in First Line Treatment of Patients with Unknown Primary Cancer: A Multicenter Study of the Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology
1581
1584
EN
<b>Background:</b> The overall prognosis for cancers of unknown primary (CUP) is poor, median overall survival(OS) being 6-12 months. We evaluated our multicentric retrospective experience for CUP administered docetaxeland cisplatin combination therapy. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: A total of 29 patients that were pathologicallyconfirmed subtypes of CUP were included in the study. The combination of docetaxel (75 mg/m2, day 1) andcisplatin (75 mg/m2, day 1) was performed as a first line regimen every 21 days. <br/><b>Results</b>: The median age was 51(range: 27-68). Some 17 patients had multimetastatic disease on the inital diagnosis. Histopathological diagnoseswere well-moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma (51.7%), undifferentiated carcinoma (27.6%), squamouscell cancer (13.8%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (3.4%) and neuroendocrine differentiated carcinoma (3.4%).Median number of cycles was 3 (range: 1-6). Objective response rate was 37.9% and clinical benefit was 58.6%.Median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 6 months (range: 4.3-7.7 months) and 16months (range: 8.1-30.9 months), respectively. Fourteen patients (60.8%) were treated in a second line setting.There was no treatment related death. Most common toxicities were nausia-vomiting (44.6%) and fatigue (34.7%),serious cases (grade 3/4) suffering nausia-vomiting (10.3%), neutropenia (13.8%) and febrile neutropenia (n=1).<br/><b>Conclusion</b>: The combination of cisplatin and docetaxel is an effective regimen for selected patients with CUP.
Cancer of unknown primary,Docetaxel,Cisplatin,Combination,clinical benefit
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28792.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28792_3b5cdee1722b445832fcc87a587550bd.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Clinicopathologic and Survival Characteristics of Childhood and Adolescent Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Yazd, Iran
1585
1588
EN
<b>Background:</b> Data regarding childhood and adolescent non Hodgkin lymphomas in Iran are limited. Theaim of this study was to assess the epidemiological and histomorphological features and survival of affectedpatients in our center. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: The clinicopathologic features and outcome of 44 children andadolescents with non Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed during 2004-2012, were investigated retrospectively. Theinfluence of potential prognostic parameters in overall survival was investigated by log-rank test and Coxregression analysis. <br/><b>Results</b>: The mean age at presentation was 13.8±6.16 years with a male predilection (M:F=3:1). Malignant lymphoma, not otherwise specified, diffuse large cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma werethe three most common histological types observed. The tumors were 36.4% intermediate grade, 27.3% highgrade and 34.1% belonged to the malignant lymphoma not otherwise specified group. Immunohistochemistryfindings were available in 39 cases. Out of these cases 33 (84.6%) had B cell lineage, 4 (10.25%) T cell lineageand 2 (5.12%) of the cases belonged to miscellaneous group. 3 year and 5 year survivals were 48% and 30%respectively and median survival was 36 months (95%CI=21.7-50.3 months). Overall survival in patients withhigh grade tumors was 19.5 months, in the intermediate group,79 months , and for malignant lymphomas nototherwise specified it was 33.6 months (p value=0.000). <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: The survival rate for children and adolescentswith non Hodgkin lymphomas at our center during 2004-2012 was at a low level.
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma,survival,Relapse,Prognosis,Patient
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28793.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28793_25b64fcfa24cdefcbfbca3dd13a693f4.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Expression of Transcription Factor FOXC2 in Cervical Cancer and Effects of Silencing on Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation
1589
1595
EN
<br/><b>Objective</b>: Forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) is a member of the winged helix/forkhead box (Fox) family oftranscription factors. It has been suggested to regulate tumor vasculature, growth, invasion and metastasis,although it has not been studied in cervical cancer. Here, we analyzed FOXC2 expression in cervicaltissues corresponding to different stages of cervical cancer development and examined its correlation withclinicopathological characteristics. In addition, we examined the effects of targeting FOXC2 on the biologicalbehavior of human cervical cancer cells. <br/><b>Methods</b>: The expression of FOXC2 in normal human cervix, CIN I-IIIand cervical cancer was examined by immunohistochemistry and compared among the three groups and betweencervical cancers with different pathological subtypes. Endogenous expression of FOXC2 was transiently knockeddown in human Hela and SiHa cervical cells by siRNA, and cell viability and migration were examined by scratchand CCK8 assays, respectively. <br/><b>Results</b>: In normal cervical tissue the frequency of positive staining was 25%(10/40 cases), with a staining intensity (PI) of 0.297±0.520, in CIN was 65% (26/40cases), with a PI of 3.00±3.29,and in cancer was 91.8% (68/74 cases), with a PI of 5.568 ±3.449. The frequency was 100% in adenocarcinoma(5/5 cases) and 91.3% in SCCs (63/69 cases). The FOXC2 positive expression rate was 88.5% in patients withcervical SCC stage I and 100% in stage II, showing significant differences compared with normal cervix and CIN.With age, pathologic differentiation degree and tumor size, FOXC2 expression showed no significant variation.On transient transfection of Hela and SiHa cells, FOXC2-siRNA inhibition rates were 76.2% and 75.7%; CCK8results showed reduced proliferation and relative migration (in Hela cells from 64.5±3.16 to 49.5±9.24 and in SiHacells from 60.1±3.05 to 44.3±3.98) (P < 0.05). <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: FOXC2 gene expression increases with malignancy,especially with blood vessel hyperplasia and invasion degree. Targeted silencing was associated with reducedcell proliferation as well as invasion potential.
FOXC2,cervical cancer,RNAi,tumor vessel density,Invasion,therapy
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28794.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28794_e68c67c0bc3f1c79ded73158627c414a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Whole-liver Radiotherapy Concurrent with Chemotherapy as a Palliative Treatment for Colorectal Patients with Massive and Multiple Liver Metastases: a Retrospective Study
1597
1602
EN
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether whole-liver radiotherapy plus a tumor-boost dose withconcurrent chemotherapy is beneficial for colorectal cancer patients with massive and multiple liver metastases.From January 2007 to December 2012, 19 patients who exhibited massive (with a longest diameter > 5 cm) andinvasive liver metastases and multiple metastases were treated with radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy.The total radiation dose was 53.4 Gy (range 38.8 Gy-66.3 Gy). All of the patients received a continuous intravenousdose of 5 fluorouracil (5-FU) 225 mg/m2 concurrently with radiation. The median survival time was 19 months.The 1- and 2- year overall survival rates were 78.3% and 14.3%, respectively. Of all of the patients who presentedwith abdominal pain, 100% experienced a decrease in pain. Decreases in the rates of ascites and jaundice wereconfirmed by ultrasound and bilirubin levels. No cases of Grade 4 or 5 acute or late toxicity were recorded.There were only two cases of Grade 3 toxicity (elevated bilirubin). These data provide evidence that whole-liverradiotherapy plus a tumor-boost dose with concurrent chemotherapy is beneficial for colorectal cancer patientswith massive and multiple liver metastases.
liver metastases,whole-liver irradiation,colorectal cancer,palliative therapy
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28795.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28795_080fa941830ddf902550ba0a2765f428.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Prognostic Significance of TP53 Mutations and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A case Series and Literature Review
1603
1609
EN
<b>Background:</b> The response to treatment and overall survival (OS) of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML) is variable, with a median ranging from 6 months to 11.5 years. TP53 is associated with old age,chemotherapy resistance, and worse OS. Using genetic sequencing, we set out to look at our own experience withAML, and hypothesized that both TP53 mutations and SNPs at codon 72 would mimic the literature by occurringin a minority of patients, and conferring a worse OS. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: We performed a pilot study ofrandomly selected, newly diagnosed AML patients at Mount Sinai Medical Center, diagnosed from 2005-2008(n=10). TP53 PCR sequencing was performed using DNA from bone marrow smears. Analysis was accomplishedusing Mutation Surveyor software with confirmation of the variants using the COSMIC and dbSNP databases.<br/><b>Results</b>: Fewer than half of the patients harbored TP53 mutations (40%). There was no significant differencein OS based on gender, AML history, risk-stratified karyotype, or TP53 mutation. There were possible trendstoward improved survival among patients less than 60 (11 vs 4 months, p=0.09), Hispanics (8 vs 1 months, p=0.11),and those not harboring SNP P72R (8 vs 2 months, p=0.10). There was a significant improvement in survivalamong patients with better performance status (28 vs 4 months, p=0.01) and those who did not have a complexkaryotype (8 vs 1 months, p=0.03). The most commonly observed TP53 mutation was a missense N310K (40%)and the most commonly observed SNP was P72R (100.0%). <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Our study confirms previous reportsthat poor PS and the presence of a complex karyotype are associated with a decreased OS. In our cohort, TP53mutations were relatively common, occurring more frequently in male patients with an adverse karyotype.Although there was no significant difference in survival between TP53 mutated and un-mutated patients, therewas a possible trend toward worse OS among patients with SNP P72R. Larger studies are needed to validatethese findings.
acute myeloid leukemia,Tp53,SNP P72R,survival
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28796.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28796_8d48c9480b43810708b6421ebe9ada6c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Cancer Chemopreventive Effect of Spirogyra Neglecta (Hassall) Kützing on Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats
1611
1616
EN
Spirogyra neglecta, a freshwater green alga, is a local food in the northern and northeastern parts of Thailand.This investigation explored the anticarcinogenicity of S neglecta and its possible cancer chemopreventivemechanisms in rats divided into 14 groups. Groups 1 and 10 served as positive and negative control groups,respectively. Groups 1-9 were intraperitoneally injected with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) once a week for 3 weeks.Groups 10-14 received normal saline instead. One week after the last DEN injection, groups 2-5 were administeredfor 9 consecutive weeks various doses of S neglecta extract (SNE) and dried S neglecta (SND), mixed with basaldiet. Groups 6-9 and 11-14 similarly were administered various doses of SNE and SND starting from the firstweek of the experiment. Administration of SNE and SND was not associated with formation of glutathione-Stransferaseplacental form (GST-P) positive foci in rat liver. SNE and SND during initiation phase significantlyreduced the number of GST-P positive foci in rats injected with DEN. The number of GST-P also diminished ingroups treated with SNE and SND after injection with DEN, except for the low dose extract group. SNE showedstronger anticarcinogenic potency than SND. Furthermore, SNE also decreased the number of Ki-67 positivecells. However, the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells in the liver of the SNE-treated groups were not statisticallydifferent from the controls. The GST activity in 50 mg/kg bw of SNE and 1% of SND groups was significantlyincreased as compared to the positive control. In conclusion, Spirogyra neglecta (Hassall) Kützing showedcancer chemopreventive properties at the early stages of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis inrats. Possible inhibitory mechanisms include enhancement of the activities of some detoxifying enzymes and/orsuppression of precancerous cells.
cancer chemoprevention,diethylnitrosamine,medium-term carcinogenicity test
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28797.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28797_1dee2bfd4f2cd92e4c27adc67512b20a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Association of High LDH and Low Glucose Levels in Pleural Space with HER2 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
1617
1620
EN
<b>Background:</b> Evidence shows direct link of HER2 to increased glycolysis and over production of lactatedehydrogenase (LDH). HER2 overexpression, high LDH and low glucose pleural levels are associated withpoor prognosis in lung cancer. Here, their relationships were investigated. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: HER2positivity was studied using immunohistochemistry in non-small cell lung cancer. Glucose and LDH levels weremeasured using commercial colorimetric kits. <br/><b>Results</b>: Of 42 patients (29 adenocarcinoma and 13 squamouscell carcinoma), 28 (66.7%) were HER2-negative, 14 (33.3%) were HER2- positive, including 9 (21.4%) weaklystained (1+) and 5 (11.9%) moderately stained (2+) samples. The relationship between HER2 and glucose andLDH levels were tested in 20 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients who had simultaneous pleural and serumsamples. Pleural and serum LDH levels were increased, and pleural glucose levels were decreased with thescale of HER2 positivity, and that the difference in glucose levels between HER2-negative group and HER2-positive patients scored at 2+ reached statistical significance (p=0.02). This latter group all had pleural glucoselevels below 40 mg/dl. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: For the first time, we showed a significant association between low pleuralglucose level and overexpression of HER2 in lung cancer. Further investigations are warranted to disclose theassociation of HER2 with low pleural glucose levels in other populations, with a larger sample size, in malignantpleural effusions caused by other types of cancer, and finally to assess employment as a screening tool for findingHER2-positive cases of lung cancer.
Glucose,HER2,LDH,Lung cancer,malignant pleural effusion
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28798.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28798_3c48656c671e41c1744eaa9bbf021b4e.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
A Clinical Database of Breast Cancer Patients Reveals Distinctive Clinico-pathological Characteristics: a Study From Central China
1621
1626
EN
<b>Background:</b> Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in females worldwide. Many differencesexist in clinico-pathological characteristics of breast cancer patients between China and Western countries. Thisstudy aimed to analyze clinico-pathological characteristics of breast cancer from central China. <br/><b>Methods</b>: Clinicopathologicalinformation on breast cancer from three hospitals in central China was collected and analyzed.<br/><b>Results</b>: From 1994 to 2012, 2,525 patients with a median age 50 years were included in this study. The 45-49-yearage group and invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified accounted for the highest proportions (19.1%,480/2,525 and 81.0%, 1,982/2,446). Stages 0-I, II and III accounted for 28.0% (682/2,441), 48.4% (1,180/2,441),and 23.7% (578/2,441), respectively. Distribution of N stage showed that N0 accounted for 53.2% (1,344/2,525),and proportion of N0 rose from 51.1% (157/307) in 30-39-year age group to 64.3% (110/171) in ≥ 70-year agegroup, with an average increase of 2.1% in each age group. Modified radical mastectomy, radical mastectomy,breast-conserving surgery and simple mastectomy were performed for 71.8% (1,812/2,525), 18.0% (454/2,525),5.2% (131/2,525) and 2.6% (66/2,525), respectively. Proportions of breast-conserving surgery in age ≤ 44-yeargroup (68/132, 51.5%) and simple mastectomy in age ≥ 60-year group (57/89, 64.0%) were higher than in the otherage groups. Breast cancers positive for estrogen receptor accounted for 53.0% (1,107/ 2,112). The comparisonsamong this study and other reports showed higher proportion of younger patients, lower proportion of breastconservingsurgery and positive estrogen receptor patients in China than western countries. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>:Clinico-pathological characteristics in this study demonstrated clear differences between the center of Chinathan Western countries. Additional classification systems should be developed to guide grading of early breastcancer more accurately, especially for N0 patients. Invasive ductal carcinoma is a focus for intensive research.
breast cancer,clinico-pathological characteristics,China
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28799.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28799_9c9834bc4b810e592516ba6f43f650b4.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Recurrence Season Impacts the Survival of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients
1627
1632
EN
<b>Background:</b> Several studies indicated that the diagnosis season affects the prognosis of some cancers, suchas examples in the prostate, colon and breast This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether the diagnosisand recurrent season impacts the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. <br/><b>Methods</b>: From January 2005to August 2010, 161 epithelial ovarian cancer patients were analyzed and followed up until August 2013. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and the log-rank test were used to make the survival analysis. Multivariate analysis wasconducted to identify independent prognostic factors. <br/><b>Results</b>: The prognostic factors of overall survival inepithelial ovarian cancer patients included age, clinical stage, pathological type, histological grade, residualdisease after primary surgery, recurrent season and adjuvant chemotherapy cycles. Moreover, clinical stage,histological grade, residual disease after primary surgery, recurrent season and adjuvant chemotherapy cyclesalso impacted the progression-free survival of epithelial ovarian cancer patients. The diagnosis season did nothave a significantly relationship with the survival of operable epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Median overallsurvival of patients with recurrent month from April to November was 47 months, which was longer (P < 0.001)than that of patients with recurrence month from December to March (19 months). Median progression-freesurvival of patients with recurrence month from April to November and December to March was 20 and 8months, respectively (P < 0.001). <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: The recurrence season impacts the survival of epithelial ovariancancer patients. However, the diagnosed season does not appear to exert a significant influence.
season,Vitamin D,operable epithelial ovarian cancer,Recurrence,Prognosis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28800.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28800_2b77c3e5f95f5aef16115d8af94eba67.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Oral Extranodal Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Series of Forty Two Cases in Malaysia
1633
1637
EN
<b>Background:</b> Lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm of lymphoid tissue classified into Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s types. It mostly affects lymph nodes although a considerable proportion of Non-Hodgkin’s casesoccur in extranodal sites. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: Selected cases diagnosed as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)during the period of 1980 to 2012 were retrieved from the archives of the Oral Pathology Diagnostic Laboratory,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. The sections from the formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue blockswere stained with H&E as well as with LCA, CD20, and CD3. <br/><b>Results</b>: The mean age was 41.6 years with amale: female ratio of 1.3:1. Out of the forty two cases, nineteen were Malays, eighteen were Chinese, followedby Indians (3) and Indonesians (2). The most common site of involvement was the mandible (22.2%), followedby the maxilla and palate (19.4% each). Most of the lesions presented as a painless progressive swelling. Onlythirty six cases were further subdivided into B or T cell types. The majority were B-cell type (26 cases), of these 6cases were Burkitt’s lymphomas. Only ten cases were T-cell lymphoma, with three cases of NK/T-cell lymphoma.<br/><b>Conclusions</b>: In this series of 42 patients diagnosed as extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, the lesions appearedas painless swellings, mostly in men with the mandible as the most frequent site of involvement. Majority wereB-cell lymphomas with Malays and Chinese being equally affected whereas lymphomas were rare in the Indianethnicity. T-cell lymphomas were found to be common in the Chinese ethnic group.
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma,extranodal oral,B-cell lymphoma T-cell lymphoma,ethnicity
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28801.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28801_4016aef5eee788ac4336e467e0b8bba1.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
in vitro Modulation of P-glycoprotein, MRP-1 and BCRP Expression by Mangiferin in Doxorubicin-Treated MCF-7 Cells
1639
1642
EN
The multidrug resistance phenotype is one of the major problems in development of cancer cell resistanceto chemotherapy. Some natural compounds from medicinal plants have demonstrated promising capacity inenhancing anticancer effects in drug resistant cancer cells. We aimed to investigate whether mangiferin mighthave an ability to re-sensitize MCF-7 breast cancer cells previously treated with short-term doxorubicin in vitro,through the modulation of efflux transporters, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), MRP1 and BCRP. We exposed MCF-7 breastcancer cells pretreated with doxorubicin for 10 days to mangiferin (10, 25 or 50 μM) for 96 hours. Afterwards,we evaluated influence on cell viability and level of mRNA expression of P-gp, MRP1 and BCRP. Doxorubicingiven in combination with mangiferin at low concentrations (10 and 25 μM) failed to give significant reductionin cell viability, while at the highest concentrations, the combination significantly reduced cell viability. ThemRNA expression analysis of P-gp, MRP1 and BCRP showed that mangiferin had inhibitory effects on P-gp butno effects on MRP1 and BCRP. In conclusion, we suggest that mangiferin at high concentrations can be usedas chemosensitizer for doxorubicin therapy. This effect might be attributed by inhibitory effects of mangiferinon P-glycoprotein expression.
doxorubicin,mangiferin,p-glycoprotein,MRP1,BCRP
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28802.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28802_1bd0981da5fda435f4625ca2051f56d8.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Burdens among Caregivers of Older Adults with Advanced Cancer and Risk Factors
1643
1648
EN
Family caregivers of older cancer patients face many challenges in managing illness. The burden impactsphysical, emotional, spiritual, and social health. The objective of this study was to identify burden amongcaregivers of older patients with advanced cancer, and associated factors. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: Caregiversof older cancer patients were randomly interviewed from March-September 2012. Information on baselinecharacteristics and caregiver burden using the Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI) was collected. Descriptive statisticswere used to analyze baseline data, with univariate and multiple linear regression to analyze factors associatedwith higher burden. <br/><b>Results</b>: One hundred and fifty participants were assessed. The mean ZBI was 19.2±12.9(95%CI, 17.1, 21.2). Two-thirds of caregivers reported no burden (63%) and the main impact variable on ZBIwas guilt. High burdens were associated with single caregiver, relationship with the patient as siblings, presenceof migraines, and cancer types of the patients. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Caregiver burden of Thai cancer patients is low.This unexpected small number could be the result of the socio-cultural viewpoint. Assessment of caregivers andfocusing on related factors should be incorporated into treatment plans.
Caregiving,Neoplasms,older adult,Social Support,Thai caregivers
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28803.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28803_751c3d51714ca76bd45c7af251704f37.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Influence of Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension on Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Meta-analysis
1649
1654
EN
<b>Background:</b> Clinically significant portal hypertension (PHT) is considered as a contraindication forhepatectomy according to the guidelines of the European Association for Study of Liver and the AmericanAssociation for Study of Liver Diseases. However, this issue remains controversial. Here we performed a metaanalysisto evaluate the impact of PHT on the results of hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).<br/><b>Methods</b>: Cohort studies evaluating the impact of clinically significant PHT, defined as oesophageal varices and/or splenomegaly associated with thrombocytopenia, on the results of hepatectomy for HCC were identified usinga predefined search strategy. Summary risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for PHT andoutcomes after hepatectomy for HCC were calculated. <br/><b>Results</b>: Seven cohort studies which including 574 caseswith PHT and 1,354 cases without PHT were considered eligible for inclusion. The meta-analysis showed that, inall patients, pooled RRs of post-operative liver failure, post-operative ascites, peri-operative blood transfusion,operative mortality, 3- and 5-year overall survival associated with PHT were 2.23 (95% CI: 1.48-3.34, P=0.0001),1.77 (95% CI: 1.19-2.64, P=0.005), 1.23 (95% CI: 1.03-1.49, P=0.03), 2.58 (95% CI: 1.12-5.96, P=0.03), 0.82 (95%CI: 0.75-0.88, P<0.00001) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.69-0.85, P<0.00001), respectively. In subgroup analysis, similarresults were found in Child-Pugh class A patients. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: This meta-analysis suggests that presence ofoesophageal varices and/or splenomegaly associated with thrombocytopenia is associated with higher rates ofpost-operative complications and poor long-term survival after hepatectomy for HCC.
Portal hypertension,hepatectomy,Hepatocellular carcinoma,Meta-analysis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28804.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28804_ab6ec92aefc83556d0a03ea28d23dff7.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
A New D-dimer Cutoff Value to Improve the Exclusion of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Cancer Patients
1655
1658
EN
<br/><b>Objective</b>: To find a more appropriate alternative to D-dimer cutoff value for the diagnosis of deep veinthrombosis (DVT) in cancer patients. <br/><b>Methods</b>: A total of 711 cancer patients with symptoms suspicious of DVTwere included in the study. D-dimer levels were assessed using ELISA. All patients were subjected to imagingprocedures. <br/><b>Results</b>: Among 711 patients with cancer, 466 (65.5%) were females and 245 (34.5%) were males,with an average age of 57.3± 13.23 years. The mean age in the DVT group was significantly higher than in thenon-DVT group (P<0.05). The D-dimer levels of the DVT group were significantly higher than those of thenon-DVT group (P<0.05). The incidence rate of DVT varied significantly according to cancer type (P<0.05).Increasing age and lung cancer were significantly correlated with D-dimer levels (P<0.05), and a one-yearincrease in age was associated with a 14.28 ng/ml increase in the D-dimer value. The optimal cutoff point forD-dimer was found to be 981 ng/ml, with a sensitivity of 86.4%, specificity of 79.4%, and accuracy of 82.6%. Ifthe D-dimer cutoff point was set to 981ng/ml, the specificity would increase from 61.8% to 85.5% without lossof sensitivity in patients aged 40 years or younger. In patients aged more than 40 years, the new cutoff almostdoubled the specificity with slightly reduced sensitivity. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: In cancer patients, a new cutoff value of981 ng/ml effectively improved the exclusion of DVT, especially for patients aged more than 40 years.
D-dimer,cutoff,deep vein thrombosis,cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28805.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28805_1899912eddbb99c64d4389423a7c50b9.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Risk Factors and Costs of Oral Cancer in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Delhi
1659
1665
EN
The present study conducted with 100 oral cancer patients at a private tertiary care hospital inDelhidemonstrated that stage III cancer was associated with longer use of tobacco and poor oral hygiene. Therewas also statistically significant association (p<.05) between consumption of tobacco and alcohol. More than 60%treatment expenditure was on surgery followed by accommodation (9%) and investigations (8%). The effect oftobacco was well known among patients as 76% of the patients knew that common cancer in tobacco cheweris ‘oral cancer’, 22% of the patients however responded that they did not know which cancer is common intobacco chewers. 58% said that they learnt about ill effects of tobacco from media while 24% said they learntfrom family and friends. Out of 78 tobacco users, 60 (77%) said that they never received help to quit tobaccowhile 18(23%) have received help to quit.
oral cancer,Carcinoma,Tobacco,Oral hygiene,stages of cancer,comorbid conditions,treatment cost
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28806.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28806_845416f832995bb465cf414cee80330a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Diagnostic Value of Fecal Calprotectin as a Screening Biomarker for Gastrointestinal Malignancies
1667
1670
EN
<b>Background:</b> Calprotectin in feces seems to be a more sensitive marker for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers thanfecal occult blood, but its specificity may be too low for screening average risk populations. This study aims atevaluating the diagnostic value of fecal calprotectin as a screening biomarker for GI malignancies. Materialsand <br/><b>Methods</b>: In a case-control study, 100 patients with GI malignancies (50 patients with colorectal cancer and50 patients with gastric cancer) and 50 controls were recruited in Tabriz Imam Reza and Sina hospitals duringa 24-month period. One to two weeks after the last endoscopy/colonoscopy, fecal specimens were collected bythe patients and examined by ELISA method for quantitative measurement of calprotectin content. The resultswere compared between the three groups. <br/><b>Results</b>: The mean fecal calprotectin level was 109.1±105.3 (2.3-454.3,median:74), 241.1±205.2 (3.4-610.0, median:19.3) and 45.9±55.1μg/g (1.3-257.1, median:19.3) in gastric cancer,colorectal cancer and control group, respectively, the differences being significant (p<0.001) and remaining afteradjustment for age. The optimal cut-off point for fecal calprotectin was ≥75.8μg/g for distinguishing colorectalcancer from normal cases (sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 84%, respectively). This value was ≥41.9μg/gfor distinguishing gastric cancer from normal cases (sensitivity and specificity of 62%). <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Our resultsrevealed that fecal calprotectin might be a useful and non-invasive biomarker for distinguishing colorectal cancerfrom non-malignant GI conditions. However, due to low sensitivity and specificity, this biomarker may not helpphysicians distinguishing gastric cancer cases from healthy subjects.
colorectal cancer,Gastric cancer,Calprotectin,screening tool
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28807.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28807_ed7bab8e1d37ede0f3d201100689955c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Clinicopathological Correlation of Cervical Carcinoma: A Tertiary Hospital Based Study
1671
1674
EN
<b>Background:</b> To study the clinical presentation of cervical carcinoma correlating with histopathologicalfindings in a tertiary hospital situated in the southern part of India catering to rural and semi-urban populationsMaterials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: 199 cases histopathologically diagnosed as cervical cancer over a period of one year wereconsidered for the study. Clinical details of the patients were noted with the help of semi-structured proforma. Thedata was analysed by descriptive analysis using SPSS software. <br/><b>Results</b>: Out of 199 patients, 109 had moderatelydifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 51 poorly differentiated and 35 well differentiated. Adenocarcinomasnumbered only four. 121 cases were in the age group of 40-59 years, 59 in 60-80 years and 19 in 20-39 years. Allfour cases of adenocarcinoma were seen between 40-59 years. 95 (47.7%) cases were in women who had 4 or morechildren, 120 presented with white discharge, 89 with bleeding per vagina and 68 had constitutional symptoms.Most of the patients with adenocarcinoma presented with bleeding per vagina. 151 was in stage IIIB, 29 in stageIIB, 14 in stage IVA and 5 in stage IB. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Screening of cervical cancer should be emphasised in womenwith white discharge especially in rural areas for early detection of dysplastic cells and reduce mortality andmorbidity in productive age. In addition health education has to be given to women regarding the awareness ofhygiene, risk factors and symptoms of cervical cancer.
Carcinoma cervix,clinicopathological correlation,Karnataka,India
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28808.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28808_31182703a9f93a303542d691526faf9e.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Characterization of the MicroRNA Expression Profile of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastases
1675
1679
EN
<br/><b>Objectives</b>: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of many physiological and pathologicalprocesses, including tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this study, we sought to determine the underlying molecularmechanisms of metastatic cervical carcinoma by performing miRNA profiling. <br/><b>Methods</b>: Tissue samples werecollected from ten cervical squamous cancer patients who underwent hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node (PLN)dissection in our hospital, including four PLN-positive (metastatic) cases and six PLN-negative (non-metastatic)cases. A miRNA microarray platform with 1223 probes was used to determine the miRNA expression profiles ofthese two tissue types and case groups. MiRNAs having at least 4-fold differential expression between PLN-positiveand PLN-negative cervical cancer tissues were bioinformatically analyzed for target gene prediction. MiRNAswith tumor-associated target genes were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). <br/><b>Results</b>: Thirty-nine miRNAs were differentially expressed (>4-fold) between the PLN-positive andPLN-negative groups, of which, 22 were up-regulated and 17 were down-regulated. Sixty-nine percent of themiRNAs (27/39) had tumor-associated target genes, and the expression levels of six of those (miR-126, miR-96,miR-144, miR-657, miR-490-5p, and miR-323-3p) were confirmed by quantitative (q)RT-PCR. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>:Six MiRNAs with predicted tumor-associated target genes encoding proteins that are known to be involved incell adhesion, cytoskeletal remodeling, cell proliferation, cell migration, and apoptosis were identified. Thesefindings suggest that a panel of miRNAs may regulate multiple and various steps of the metastasis cascade bytargeting metastasis-associated genes. Since these six miRNAs are predicted to target tumor-associated genes, itis likely that they contribute to the metastatic potential of cervical cancer and may aid in prognosis or moleculartherapy.
Cervical squamous cell carcinoma,miRNA,miRNA microarray,quantitative RT-PCR,target gene
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28809.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28809_7119b85b07a7c5f253ce123c768d967b.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Interferon Apha 2b for Treating Patients with JAK2V617F Positive Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocytosis
1681
1684
EN
<br/><b>Objective</b>: To investigate interferon (IFN) alpha 2 b for treating patients with JAK2V617F positivepolycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocytosis (ET). <br/><b>Methods</b>: Interferon alpha 2 b was used to treatpatients with JAK2V617F positive PV and ET. In control group, hydroxyurea was used. Endpoint of study wasto compare rates of hematological and molecular remission. <br/><b>Results</b>: Patients in the interferon alpha 2 b groupachieved higher rates of hematologic and molecular remission than patients in the hydroxyurea group, witha lower incidence of thrombosis. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: Compared with hydroxyurea, interferon alpha 2 b could reduceJAK2V617F load for patients with PV and ET, and achieve higher molecular remission, improve treatmentefficacy and reduce complications.
Polycythemia vera,essential thrombocytosis,JAK2V617F mutation,Interferon,alpha 2 b
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28810.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28810_379feb0e0c59f3cfc3e0da8c37a24070.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Relationship between Preoperative Serum CA15-3 and CEA Levels and Clinicopathological Parameters in Breast Cancer
1685
1688
EN
<b>Background:</b> CEA and CA 15.3 serum tumor markers are currently used in clinical practice for monitoringtherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum level of these markers among healthy females and invasivebreast carcinoma (IBC) patients and to determine any relationships with clinicopathological factors. Materialsand <br/><b>Methods</b>: 60 Iranian females were enrolled in this study, 30 healthy and 30 diagnosed with breast cancerwho had not received any preoperative chemotherapy or hormone therapy. Enzyme linked immunosorbentassays were used for the quantitative determination of the cancer associated antigens, CEA and MUC1 (CA15-3). <br/><b>Results</b>: The serological levels of CEA and CA15-3 (5.0033±0.49 μg/L and 178.1667±15.11 U/ml) in the breastcancer patients were significantly higher (p=0.00) than the serum levels of normal controls (1.1237±0.11 μg/Land 21.13±3.058 U/ml). Regarding the CEA marker, a significant correlation with grade of tumor was shown.Furthermore, there was a low correlation between CA15-3 and CEA marker with correlation coefficient r=0.08.<br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Collectively, markedly high levels of CEA and CA15-3 were found in our patients, pointing to theiruse as additional tools after clinical diagnosis.
Serum tumor marker,Invasive breast carcinoma,clinicopathological factors
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28811.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28811_0d6c8424871ef1073a932414871501cd.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Are Neutrophil/Lymphocyte and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratios Associated with Endometrial Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions in Patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding?
1689
1692
EN
<b>Background:</b> An easy, reproducible and simple marker is needed to estimate phase of endometrial pathologiclesions such as hyperplasia and endometrial cancer and distinguish from pathologically normal results. Wehere aimed to clarify associations among neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR), endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>:Patients (n=161) who were admitted with abnormal uterine bleeding and the presence of endometrial cells oncervical cytology or thick endometrium were investigated. The study constituted of three groups accordingto pathologic diagnosis. Group 1 included endometrial precancerous lesions like hyperplasia (n=63), group 2included endometrial cancerous lesions (n=38) and group 3 was a pathologically normal group (n=60). Bloodsamples were obtained just before the curettage procedure and the NLR was defined as the absolute neutrophilcount divided by the absolute lymphocyte count; similarly, PLR was defined as the absolute platelet count dividedby the absolute lymphocyte count. <br/><b>Results</b>: The white blood cell count was significantly higher in patients withcancer than in those with hyperplasia (p=0.005). The platelet count and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio weresignificantly higher in patients with cancer than in control patients, but there was significantly no differencebetween patients with hyperplasia and other groups (p=0.001 and p=0.025 respectively). PLR was significantlylower in control subjects than in other groups (p<0.001), but there was no significant difference between patientswith hyperplasia and those with cancer. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: PLR was significantly lower in control subjects than inother groups. Thus both hyperplasia and cancer may be differentiated from pathologically normal patients byusing PLR. White blood cell count was significantly higher in patients with cancer than in those with hyperplasiaand pathologically normal patients. Therefore white blood cell count may be used for discriminate hyperplasia tocancer. By using multiple inflammation parameters, discrimination may be possible among endometrial cancer,endometrial precancerous lesions and pathologically normal patients.
Endometrial cancer,Endometrial hyperplasia,neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,platelet to lymphocyte ratio
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28812.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28812_228d872d45bc36bdd45c3b0d42845636.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Successful First Round Results of a Turkish Breast Cancer Screening Program with Mammography in Bahcesehir, Istanbul
1693
1697
EN
<b>Background:</b> The Bahcesehir Breast Cancer Screening Project is the first organized population basedbreast cancer mammographic screening project in Turkey. The objective of this prospective observationalstudy was to demonstrate the feasibility of a screening program in a developing country and to determine theappropriate age (40 or 50 years old) to start with screening in Turkish women. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: BetweenJanuary 2009 to December 2010, a total of 3,758 women aged 40-69 years were recruited in this prospectivestudy. Screening was conducted biannually, and five rounds were planned. After clinical breast examination(CBE), two-view mammograms were obtained. True positivity, false positivity, positive predictive values (PPV)according to ACR, cancer detection rate, minimal cancer detection rate, axillary node positivity and recall ratewere calculated. Breast ultrasound and biopsy were performed in suspicious cases. <br/><b>Results</b>: Breast biopsy wasperformed in 55 patients, and 18 cancers were detected in the first round. The overall cancer detection rate was4.8 per 1,000 women. Most of the screened women (54%) and detected cancers (56%) were in women aged 40-49. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and stage I cancer and axillary node positivity rates were 22%, 61%, and16.6%, respectively. The positive predictivity for biopsy was 32.7%, whereas the overall recall rate was 18.4 %.<br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Preliminary results of the study suggest that population based organized screening are feasibleand age of onset of mammographic screening should be 40 years in Turkey.
breast cancer,mammography screening,detection rate,age,Turkish women
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28813.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28813_a3fbca686148c2833047fa1d20ade714.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Phase II Study on Dose Escalating Schedule of Paclitaxel Concurrent with Radiotherapy in Treating Patients with Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
1699
1702
EN
<br/><b>Objective</b>: To evaluate clinical efficacy of a dose escalating schedule of paclitaxel concurrent with radiotherapyin treating patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung (NSCLC). <br/><b>Methods</b>: Patients with locally advancedNSCLC were treated with conventional fractionated radiotherapy or three dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3 DCRT), concurrently with a dose escalating schedule of paclitaxel. All patients were divided into three groups,A with paclitaxel 30 mg/m2, B with paclitaxel 60 mg/m2 and C with paclitaxel 90 mg/m2. Paclitaxel was repeatedevery week for a total of 4 or 6 weeks. <br/><b>Results</b>: Among 109 patients, response rates were 68.8%, 71.1% and 71.8%(p>0.05) for group A (n=32), B (n=38), and C (n=39) respectively. Accordingly, disease control rates were 81.3%,81.6% and 82.1% (p>0.05). Progression-free survival time was 8.0±5.0 months, 11.6±6.1 months, and 14.8±7.9months (p<0.05), respectively. Overall survival time was 15.4±7.6 months, 18.2±8.0 months, and 22.0±7.6 months(p<0.05), one-year survival rates were 62.5%, 73.1% and 90.0% (p>0.05) and two-year survival rates were 31.3%,38.5% and 50.0% (p<0.05) . Main side-effects were bone marrow suppression, radiation related esophagitis andgastrointestinal reaction. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: In treating patients with NSCLC, concurrent chemoradiotherapy withpaclitaxel improves early response compared with conventional fractionated radiotherapy or 3 DCRT. Thesurvival rate was improved with the addition of paclitaxel, but there was an increase in adverse reactions whenthe dose of paclitaxel was increased.
non-small cell lung cancer,concurrent chemoradiotherapy,Paclitaxel,Prognosis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28814.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28814_aba11fddafdb6af7a27f4d46b9d7242e.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Impact of Inadequate Doses of Rituximab in the Treatment of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma in Malaysian Patients
1703
1706
EN
<b>Background:</b> The current standard treatment for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL) is rituximab combined with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP).A significant number of patients were not treated with recommended dose of rituximab due to limited financialresources in Malaysia. This study evaluates the efficacy of R-CHOP like chemotherapy in Malaysian patients withDLBCL. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: The study comprised a retrospective analysis of patients with DLBCL treatedat a single centre. The outcome was compared with patients who were treated with R-CHOP like and CHOP likechemotherapy. Patients who were treated with lower dose of rituximab was subanalysed for outcome. <br/><b>Results</b>:A total of 86 patients who had CHOP-like chemotherapy were included. Only 39 (45%) patients had rituximaband only 12 (29%) patients had the recommended dose. The overall response (OR) and complete response(CR) rates were 88% and 81% respectively. There was no significant difference in OR and CR in patients whohad rituximab and those without rituxmab. Those with International Prognostic Index (IPI) score of ≤2 hadsignificant higher CR rate, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (p<0.001). <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: The lackof significant improvement in CR and DFS in our patients may be due to an inadequate dose of rituximab.
diffuse large B cell lymphoma,Rituximab,CHOP
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28815.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28815_9a60a35fac778f49ec1cf3ecc212f33c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Feedback on Baseline Use of Staging Images is Important to Improve Image Overuse with Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer Patients
1707
1710
EN
<b>Background:</b> The objective of this study was to evaluate baseline use and positive rates of staging images(bone scan, CT) in newly diagnosed patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and to improve staging image overuse.Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: This retrospective study covered a consecutive series of patients with PCa who underwentstage imaging at our institution between 2006 and 2011. Various clinical and pathological variables (age, PSA,biopsy Gleason score, clinical T stage, positive biopsy core rate) were evaluated by multivariate logistic regressionanalysis for their ability to predict a positive staging image. All patients were stratified according to the NCCNrisk stratification and positive rates were compared in each risk group. <br/><b>Results</b>: 410 patients (100%) underwenta bone scan and 315 patients (76.8%) underwent a CT scan. Some 51 patients (12.4%) had a positive bone scan,clinical T3 and T4 being significant independent predictors. Positive bone scan rates for low-, intermediate-,high-, and very high-risk groups were 0%, 0%, 8.25%, and 56.6%. Some 59 (18.7%) patients had a positive CTscan, with elevated PSA and clinical T3, T4 as significant independent predictors. Low-, intermediate-, high- andvery high-risk group rates were 0%, 0%, 13.8% and 80.0%. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: The incidences of positive stagingimage in low- and intermediate- risk group were reasonably low. Following feedback on these results, stagingin low- and intermediate- risk groups could be omitted.
Prostate Cancer,staging image,baseline use,feedback,risk stratification
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28816.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28816_3e6edef58d6321fa2783515ee10de53f.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Effect of Withaferin A on A549 Cellular Proliferation and Apoptosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
1711
1714
EN
<br/><b>Objective</b>: To explore the effect of Withaferin A on A549 cellular proliferation and apoptosis in non-smallcell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: NSCLC cell line A549 was selected to explore the effect ofWithaferin A on A549 cellular proliferation, apoptosis and the PI3K/Akt signal pathway capable of regulatingtumor biological behavior by assessment of cellular proliferation, cellular apoptotic rates and cellular cyclingas well as by immuno-blotting. <br/><b>Results</b>: Withaferin A could inhibit A549 cellular proliferation and the controlrate was dosage-dependent (P<0.05), which also increased time-dependently with the same dosage of WithaferinA (P<0.05). The apoptotic indexes in A549 cells treated with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 μmol·L-1 Withaferin Afor 48 h were significantly different (P<0.05). In addition, the apoptotic rates of each group in both early andadvanced stages were higher than those in 0 μmol·L-1 (P<0.05), which were evidently higher after 48 h thanthose after 24 h (P<0.05). A549 cells treated by Withaferin A for 48 h were markedly lower in Bcl-2 level andobviously higher in Bax and cleaved caspase-3 levels than those treated by 0 μmol·L-1 Withaferin A (P<0.05), andthere were significant differences among 5, 10 and 20 μmol·L-1 Withaferin A (P<0.05). The ratios of A549 cellstreated by Withaferin A for 48 h in G0/G1 stage were higher than those in 0 μmol·L-1 , while those in S and G2/Mstages were obviously lower than those in G2/M stage, and there were significant differences in 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0μmol·L-1 Withaferin A (P<0.05). Additionally, p-Akt/Akt values were in reverse association with dosage, and thedifferences were significant (P<0.05). <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: Withaferin A can inhibit the proliferation and apoptosis ofA549 cells by suppressing activation of the PI3K/Akt pathways.
non-small cell lung cancer,Proliferation,Apoptosis,A549 cells
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28817.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28817_91392e4ab40211ee2c3386c911b16e6a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
High Expression of MICA in Human Kidney Cancer Tissue and Renal Cell Carcinoma Lines
1715
1717
EN
The overall incidence and mortality of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most common kidney cancer, aresteadily increasing for reasons that are not fully explained. Our aim was to explore the expression of membraneMHC class I chain-related gene A (mMICA) in human RCC cell lines and tissue specimens, and to determineexpression of soluble MICA (sMICA) in serum of patients with renal cell carcinoma, we used flow cytometry(FCM) and immunohistochemistry as well as an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . The resultsshowed that percentage of mMICA expression was significantly increased in human kidney cancer tissues andRCC cell lines (786-O and Ketr-3) than that in healthy adults and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293)cell line individuality (P<0.05). sMICA content in healthy adults was negative, but in renal cancer patients wassignificantly elevated (P<0.05). Our research showed that high expression of MICA in human kidney cancer,this results show that MICA might serve as potential tumor-associated antigen (TAA) in RCC.
renal cell carcinoma,mMICA,sMICA
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28818.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28818_43a95000c7dd03d9ed81eeffaa2a5c7d.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Association of Thymidylate Synthase 5’-UTR 28bp Tandem Repeat and Serine Hydroxymethyltransfarase C1420T Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Acute Leukemia
1719
1723
EN
<b>Background:</b> The current study was aimed to elucidate the association of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) 5’-UTR 28bp tandem repeat and cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase (cSHMT) C1420T polymorphisms withacute leukemia in South Indian subjects. A total of 812 subjects [523 healthy controls, 148 acute lymphoblasticleukemia (ALL) cases and 141 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases] were screened for TYMS 5’-UTR 28bptandem repeat and cSHMT C1420T using PCR-AFLP and PCR-with confronting two-pair primers (CTPP)approaches. TYMS 5’-UTR 2R allele frequencies of controls, ALL and AML cases were 35.3%, 28.0% and30.1% respectively. This polymorphism conferred protection against ALL (OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.53-0.96) whileshowing no statistically significant association with AML (OR: 0.79, 95%CI: 0.58, 1.07). The cSHMT variantallele (T-) frequencies of ALL and AML cases (6.42% and 5.68% respectively) were significantly lower comparedto controls (58.3%). This polymorphism conferred protection against ALL (OR: 0.049, 95%CI: 0.029-0.081)and AML (OR: 0.043, 95%CI: 0.025-0.074). The TYMS 5’-UTR 2R2R genotype was associated with a lowertotal leukocyte count, smaller percentage of blasts, and more adequate platelet count compared to 2R3R and3R3R genotypes in ALL cases. No such genotype-dependent differences were observed in AML cases. ALL casescarrying the cSHMT C1420T polymorphism showed higher disease free survival compared to those with thewild genotype. To conclude, the TYMS 5’-UTR 28bp tandem repeat reduces risk for ALL while cSHMT C1420Treduces risk for both ALL and AML. Both also influence disease progression in ALL.
ALL,AML,thymidylate synthase,serine hydroxymethyltransferase,polymorphisms,progression
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28819.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28819_df9ef35e8aa1c0c7bcad34c1cfdcdc77.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Comparative Analysis between Multilevel Sectioning with Conventional Haematoxylin and Eosin Staining and Immunohistochemistry for Detecting Nodal Micrometastases with Stage I and II Colorectal Cancers
1725
1730
EN
Management of patients with stage II colorectal carcinomas remains challenging as 20 - 30% of themwill develop recurrence. It is postulated that these patients may harbour nodal micrometastases which areimperceptible by routine histopathological evaluation. The aims of our study were to evaluate (1) the feasibility ofmultilevel sectioning method utilizing haematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemistry technique withcytokeratin AE1/AE3, in detecting micrometastases in histologically-negative lymph nodes, and (2) correlationbetween nodal micrometastases with clinicopathological parameters. Sixty two stage I and II cases with atotal of 635 lymph nodes were reviewed. Five-level haematoxylin and eosin staining and one-level cytokeratinAE1/AE3 immunostaining were performed on all lymph nodes retrieved. The findings were correlated withclinicopathological parameters. Two (3.2%) lymph nodes in two patients (one in each) were found to harbourmicrometastases detected by both methods. With cytokeratin AE1/AE3, we successfully identified four (6.5%)patients with isolated tumour cells, but none through the multilevel sectioning method. Nodal micrometastasesdetected by both multilevel sectioning and immunohistochemistry methods were not associated with larger tumoursize, higher depth of invasion, poorer tumour grade, disease recurrence or distant metastasis. We conclude thatthere is no difference between the two methods in detecting nodal micrometastases. Therefore it is opined thatmultilevel sectioning is a feasible and yet inexpensive method that may be incorporated into routine practice todetect nodal micrometastases in centres with limited resources.
Lymph node micrometastasis,prognostic significance,colorectal cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28820.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28820_44e691bc804521ea53e94bc536d41fa4.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Caring for a Child with Cancer: Impact on Mother’s Health
1731
1738
EN
The life of a mother undergoes a dramatic change after a child is diagnosed with cancer. The present studyaimed to determine effects on the everyday life process and health status of mothers with children sufferingfrom leukemia. This qualitative study was based on a grounded theory approach with sixteen mothers. Theresults indicate that after onset of disease in their children, they marginalized their own health and tied theiridentities to taking care of the child and keeping the child healthy by ignoring themselves, becoming imprisonedin a taking-care-of-the-child position, and trying very hard for seek balance and stability Enduring physicalpressures on the one hand, and constantly attempting to achieve balance and stability in family processes on theother hand, gradually cause exhaustion. It seems that health care providers and nurses should pay much moreattention to the health status of this group of mothers.
Mothers of children with leukemia,care,life processes,Health Status,Grounded theory
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28821.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28821_2593528c3dd5baeacfdec5de6097705b.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Differential microRNA Expression by Solexa Sequencing in the Sera of Ovarian Cancer Patients
1739
1743
EN
MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNA which play important regulatory roles in a variety of cancers.MiRNA-specific expression profiles have been reported for several pathological conditions. In this study, wecombined large scale parallel Solexa sequencing to identify 11 up-regulated miRNAs and 19 down-regulatedmiRNAs with computational techniques in the sera of ovarian cancer patients while using healthy serum as thecontrol. Among the above, four miRNAs (miR-22, miR-93, miR-106b, miR-451) were validated by quantitativeRT-PCR and found to be significantly aberrantly expressed in the serum of ovarian cancer patients (P<0.05).There were no significant differences between samples from cancer stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ and Ⅲ/Ⅳ. However, the levelsof miR-106b (p=0.003) and miR-451 (p=0.007) were significantly different in those patients under and over 51yearsof age. MiR-451 and miR-93 were also specific when analyzed with reference to different levels of CA125.This study shows that Solexa sequencing provides a promising method for cancer-related miRNA profiling, andselectively expressed miRNAs could be used as potential serum-based biomarkers for ovarian cancer diagnosis.
Ovarian Cancer,Serum,MicroRNAs,Solexa sequencing,diagnostic biomarkers
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28822.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28822_8d95fcdbddf2ea04efdf3d1f644eb94c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Platycodin D Induces Apoptosis, and Inhibits Adhesion, Migration and Invasion in HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
1745
1749
EN
<b>Background:</b> Platycodin D (PD), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Platycodonisradix, possesses anti-cancer effects in several cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to evaluate its anticanceractivities in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: MTT and colony formation assayswere performed to evaluate cell proliferation, along with flow cytometry and Western blotting for apoptosis.Cell adhesion was tested by observing cellular morphology under a microscope, while the transwell assay wasemployed to investigate the cell migration and invasion. <br/><b>Results</b>: PD concentration-dependently inhibited cellproliferation in both HepG2 and Hep3B cells, and significantly suppressed colony formation and induced apoptosisin HepG2 cells. The protein levels of cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and Bax were up-regulatedwhile that of survivin was down-regulated after treatment with PD. Moreover, PD not only obviously suppressedthe adhesion of HepG2 cells to Matrigel, but also remarkably depressed their migration and invasion induced by12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) . <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: PD presents anti-cancer potential in hepatocellularcarcinoma cells via inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting cell adhesion, migration and invasion, indicating promisingfeatures as a lead compound for anti-cancer agent development.
Platycodin D,HepG2,Apoptosis,Metastasis,cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28823.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28823_ee54a9df366a1696d626deb4d2d176e5.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Lack of Correlations among Histopathological Parameters, Ki-67 Proliferation Index and Prognosis in Pheochromocytoma Patients
1751
1755
EN
<b>Background:</b> In this study prognostic correlations of histopathologic parameters and the Ki-67 proliferationindex and as well as the diagnostic value of immunohistochemical markers in pheochromocytomas were evaluated.Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: A total of 22 patients diagnosed with a pheochromocytoma between 2000-2010 in IzmirKatip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital were included. Diagnostic value of the PASSscoring system, and prognostic correlations of histopathologic parameters and Ki-67 proliferation index wereinvestigated. SPSS for Windows 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. <br/><b>Results</b>: There was no statisticallysignificant correlation between recurrence and clinicopathologic parameters or the PASS score (PASS>4). Inaddition, there were no statistically significant correlations between PASS score and clinicopathologic parameters,such as diameter (5 cm), weight (>100g), gender (female/male ratio) and age (25-45/45-55/>55). Besides, therewere no significant correlation between diameter and clinicopathological parameters and also recurrence.However, there was a statistically significant correlation between Ki-67 proliferation index and capsule invasion(p=0.047). <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Some but not most of the findings in our study were concordant with the literature. Toclarify relationships, investigations with standard scoring systems which are not affected by subjective factorsand feature appropriate histopathological criteria should be made on larger study groups.
Pheochromocytoma,Ki 67,grading,Prognosis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28824.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28824_5579de0fcbd0bc7b91c0551092939315.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
D-Pinitol Promotes Apoptosis in MCF-7 Cells via Induction of p53 and Bax and Inhibition of Bcl-2 and NF-κB
1757
1762
EN
Development of drugs from natural products has been undergoing a gradual evoluation. Many plant derivedcompounds have excellent therapeutic potential against various human ailments. They are important sourcesespecially for anticancer agents. A number of promising new agents are in clinical development based on theirselective molecular targets in the field of oncology. D-pinitol is a naturally occurring compound derived from soywhich has significant pharmacological activitites. Therefore we selected D-pinitol in order to evaluate apoptoticpotential in the MCF-7 cell line. Human breast cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of D-pinitoland cytotoxicity was measured by MTT and LDH assays. The mechanism of apoptosis was studied with referenceto expression of p53, Bcl-2, Bax and NF-kB proteins. The results revealed that D-pinitol significantly inhibitedthe proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, while upregulating the expression ofp53, Bax and down regulating Bcl-2 and NF-kB. Thus the results obtained in this study clearly vindicated thatD-pinitol induces apotosis in MCF-7 cells through regulation of proteins of pro- and anti-apoptotic cascades.
breast cancer,D-pinitol,MCF-7,MTT assay,Apoptosis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28825.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28825_56ae81128c9e9a980269169735c6cc79.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Lack of any Association between Season of Diagnosis and Survival of Gastric Cancer Cases in Kayseri, Turkey
1763
1766
EN
<b>Background:</b> The influence of season of diagnosis on cancer survival has been an interesting issue for manyyears. Most studies have shown a possible association between seasonality and survival in some cancers. Weaimed to investigate whether there is an association between season of diagnosis and survival in patients withgastric cancer. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: We reviewed retrospectively the files of 279 histologically proven gastriccancer patients. According to diagnosis date, the patients were grouped into 4 seasons of diagnosis groups, spring,summer, autumn, and winter. <br/><b>Results</b>: There was no significant differences when the overall survival rates of thepatients were compared according to the patients’ season of diagnosis (p: 0.871). Median overall survival rateswere 22.0 (14.5-29.5) months for the patients who were diagnosed in spring, 24.0 (12.4-35.6) for summer, 18.0(9.96-26.0) for autumn and 21.0 (16.3-25.7) for winter. Median disease-free survival rates were 66.0 (44.1-68.1)months for the patients who were diagnosed in spring, 28.0 (17.0-39.0) for summer, 22.0 (0-46.4) for autumn and23.0 (17.5-28.5) for winter. While the rate was best for the patients diagnosed in spring the differences were notstatistically significant (p= 0.382). <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: On the basis of the above results the season was not suggestedas contributing to prognosis in gastric cancer cases in Kayseri, Turkey.
Gastric cancer,season,survival,Kayseri,Turkey
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28826.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28826_8fe9d0c8f1d7d7c3b37191cd41efc729.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
In Vitro and in Vivo Antitumor Evaluation of Berbamine for Lung Cancer Treatment
1767
1769
EN
Purpose: Lung cancer, one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the world, is characterized byrelatively high morbidity and mortality. Berbamine (BER) has been initially reported to exert anti-proliferativeeffects against a series of cancers. <br/><b>Methods</b>: In this study the in vitro cytotoxicity of BER was measured by MTTassay. In vivo anti-cancer efficacy of BER was assessed in A549 xenografts. <br/><b>Results</b>: Cytotoxicity tests showeddose-dependent cell growth inhibition effects of BER against A549 cells. Moreover, BER significantly reducedthe growth of lung cancer in a dose-dependent manner in nude mice with prolonged survival time. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>:Therefore, BER might be in herbal medicine for cancer therapy and further efforts are needed to exploretherapeutic strategies.
Berbamine,Antitumor,Lung cancer,therapy
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28827.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28827_e054f4866ac7903e461dbf3e0413fc23.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Compound HRAS/PIK3CA Mutations in Chinese Patients with Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcomas
1771
1774
EN
The rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common type of soft tissue tumor in children and adolescents;yet only a few screens for oncogenic mutations have been conducted for RMS. To identify novel mutations andpotential therapeutic targets, we conducted a high-throughput Sequenom mass spectrometry-based analysis of238 known mutations in 19 oncogenes in 17 primary formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded RMS tissue samples andtwo RMS cell lines. Mutations were detected in 31.6% (6 of 19) of the RMS specimens. Specifically, mutations inthe NRAS gene were found in 27.3% (3 of 11) of embryonal RMS cases, while mutations in NRAS, HRAS, andPIK3CA genes were identified in 37.5% (3 of 8) of alveolar RMS (ARMS) cases; moreover, PIK3CA mutationswere found in 25% (2 of 8) of ARMS specimens. The results demonstrate that tumor profiling in archival tissuesamples is a useful tool for identifying diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets and suggests thatthese HRAS/ PIK3CA mutations play a critical role in the genesis of RMS.
Rhabdomyosarcoma,massARRAY system,Mutation,oncogene,HRAS/PIK3CA
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28828.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28828_4873bccc3dcbc82212d254a07f4808ea.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Neoadjuvant Treatment with Preoperative Radiotherapy for Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Long-Term Results from a Single Institution in Turkey
1775
1781
EN
<b>Background:</b> To assess the long term clinical outcome of preoperative radiotherapy with or withoutchemotherapy followed by limb sparing surgery in patients with non-metastatic soft tissue sarcomas (STS) ofthe extremities. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: Sixty patients with locally advanced STS were retrospectively analyzed.The median tumor diameter was 12 cm. All patients were treated with preoperative radiotherapy deliveredwith two different fractionation schedules (35Gy/10fr or 46-50Gy/23-25fr). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy wasadded to 44 patients with large and/or high grade tumors. Surgery was performed 2-6 weeks after radiotherapy.Chemotherapy was completed up to 6 courses after surgery in patients who had good responses. <br/><b>Results</b>: Medianfollow-up time was 67 months (8-268 months). All of the patients had limb sparing surgery. The 5-year localcontrol (LC), disease free (DFS) and overall survival (OSS) rates for all of the patients were 81%, 48.1% and68.3% respectively. 5-year LC, DFS and cause specific survival (CSS) were 81.7%, 47%, 69.8%, and 80%, 60%,60% in the chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy groups, respectively. On univariate analysis, patients who weretreated with hypofractionation experienced significantly superior LC, DFS and CSS rates with similar ratesof late toxicity when compared with patients who were treated with conventional fractionation and statisticalsignificance was retained on multivariate analysis. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Treatment results are consistent with theliterature. As neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy provides effective LC and CSS with acceptable morbidity, itshould be preferred for patients with large and borderline resectable STS.
Soft-tissue sarcomas,preoperative radiotherapy/chemotherapy,limb-sparing surgery
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28829.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28829_7d9f8e184fe2ce1febafd73d9a9a71d8.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Expression of EMSY, a Novel BRCA2-link Protein, is Associated with Lymph Node Metastasis and Increased Tumor Size in Breast Carcinomas
1783
1789
EN
<b>Background:</b> The EMSY gene encodes a BRCA2-binding partner protein that represses the DNA repairfunction of BRCA2 in non-hereditary breast cancer. Although amplification of EMSY gene has been proposed tohave prognostic value in breast cancer, no data have been available concerning EMSY tissue expression patternsand its associations with clinicopathological features. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: In the current study, we examinedthe expression and localization pattern of EMSY protein by immunohistochemistry and assessed its prognosticvalue in a well-characterized series of 116 unselected breast carcinomas with a mean follow up of 47 monthsusing tissue microarray technique. <br/><b>Results</b>: Immunohistochemical expression of EMSY protein was detected in76% of primary breast tumors, localized in nuclear (18%), cytoplasmic (35%) or both cytoplasmic and nuclearsites (23%). Univariate analysis revealed a significant positive association between EMSY expression and lymphnode metastasis (p value=0.045) and larger tumor size (p value=0.027), as well as a non-significant relation withincreased risk of recurrence (p value=0.088), whereas no association with patients’ survival (log rank test, pvalue=0.482), tumor grade or type was observed. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Herein, we demonstrated for the first time theimmunostaining pattern of EMSY protein in breast tumors. Our data imply that EMSY protein may have impacton clinicipathological parameters and could be considered as a potential target for breast cancer treatment.
breast cancer,EMSY,tissue microarray,immunohistochemistry,Lymph node metastasis
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28830.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28830_81a9722842fd963b65422e831a76e65e.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Motivating Underserved Vietnamese Americans to Obtain Colorectal Cancer Screening: Evaluation of a Culturally Tailored DVD Intervention
1791
1796
EN
<b>Background:</b> Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death among Vietnamese Americans, yetscreening remains underutilized. We investigated the effectiveness of a culturally tailored DVD intervention inpromoting CRC screening among unscreened Vietnamese Americans age 50 and over. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>:Using a community-based participatory research approach, we conducted a trial comparing twenty-eightsubjects who received a mailed DVD in Vietnamese, with twenty-eight subjects who received a mailed brochurein Vietnamese. Subjects completed telephone surveys at baseline, One-month, and one-year. The primaryoutcome was receipt of screening. Secondary measures were participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs aboutCRC screening. Two focus groups explored the intervention’s acceptability and effectiveness. <br/><b>Results</b>: At oneyear, CRC screening rates of 57.1% and 42.9% were observed in experimental and control group respectively(p=0.42), Subjects in both groups showed increased knowledge about CRC after one month. Focus group findingsrevealed that the DVD was an effective method of communicating information and would help promote screening.<br/><b>Conclusions</b>: The findings suggest that culturally tailored, linguistically appropriate content is more importantthan the type of media used. This relatively low intensity, low cost intervention utilizing a DVD can be anotheruseful method for outreach to the often hard-to-reach unscreened population.
colorectal cancer,Screening,FOBT,colonoscopy,culture,health disparity,Vietnamese American
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28831.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28831_5843ad58d66d5b5073f432f70c21e477.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Prostaglandin-endoperoxide Synthase 2 (PTGS2) and Phospholipase A2 Group IIA (PLA2G2A) Genes with Susceptibility to Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
1797
1802
EN
<b>Background:</b> The prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A)genes encode enzymes that are involved in arachidonic acid and prostaglandin biosynthesis. Dysregulation ofboth genes is associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC). We therefore hypothesized that there is an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)in these genes and susceptibility to ESCC. <br/><b>Methods</b>: We performed a gene-wide tag SNP-based associationstudy to examine the association of SNPs in PTGS2 and PLA2G2A with ESCC in 269 patients and 269 healthycontrols from Taihangshan Mountain, Henan and Hebei Provinces, the rural area of China which has the highestincidence of esophageal cancer in the world. Thirteen tag SNPs in PLA2G2A and 4 functional SNPs in PTGS2were selected and genotyped using a high-throughput Mass Array genotyping platform. <br/><b>Results</b>: We found amodest increased risk of ESCC in subjects with the PTGS2 rs12042763 AA genotype (OR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.00-3.04) compared with genotype GG. For PLA2G2A, a decreased risk of ESCC was observed in subjects withthe rs11677 CT (OR=0.51, 95%CI, 0.29-0.85) or TT genotype (OR=0.51, 95%CI, 0.17-0.96) or the T carriers(CT+TT) (OR=0.52, 95%CI, 0.31-0.85) when compared with the CC genotype. Also for PLA2G2A, rs2236771C allele carriers were more frequent in the control group (P=0.02). Subjects with the GC (OR=0.55, 95%CI,0.33-0.93) or CC genotype (OR=0.38, 95% CI, 0.16-0.94) or the C carriers (GC+CC) (OR=0.52, 95%CI, 0.32-0.85) showed a negative association with ESCC susceptibility. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Our results suggest that PTGS2 andPLA2G2A gene polymorphisms may modify the risk of ESCC development.
Esophageal SCC,prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2,phospholipase A2,SNPs,Susceptibility
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28832.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28832_5a499c7fd36611236a0f6f73094d0d65.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Versus Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for the Treatment of Early Esophageal Carcinoma: a Meta-analysis
1803
1806
EN
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was originally developed for en bloc resection of large, flatgastrointestinal lesions. Compared with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), ESD is considered to be moretime consuming and have more complications for treatment of early esophageal carcinoma, such as bleeding,stenosis and perforation. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ESD and EMRfor such lesions. We searched databases, such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Science CitationIndex updated to 2013 for related trials. In the meta-analysis, the main outcome measurements were the en blocresection rate, the histologically resection rate and the local recurrence rate. We also compared the operation timeand the incidences of procedure-related complications. Five trials were identified, and a total of 710 patients and795 lesions were included. The en bloc and histologically complete resection rates were higher in the ESD groupcompared with the EMR group (odds ratio (OR) 27.3; 95% CI, 11.5-64.8; OR 18.4; 95% CI, 8.82-38.59). The localrecurrence rate was lower in the ESD group (OR 0.13, 95 % CI 0.04-0.43). The meta-analysis also showed ESDwas more time consuming, but did not increase the complication rate (P=0.76). The results implied that comparedwith EMR, ESD showed better en bloc and histologically resection rates, and lower local recurrence, withoutincreasing the incidence of procedure-related complications in the treatment of early esophageal carcinoma.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection,endoscopic mucosal resection,early esophageal carcinoma
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28833.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28833_5c1863da771508d6b70f606d5b3ff8e2.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Demethoxycurcumin from Curcuma longa Rhizome Suppresses iNOS Induction in an in vitro Inflamed Human Intestinal Mucosa Model
1807
1810
EN
<b>Background:</b> It is known that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/nitric oxide (NO) plays an integralrole during intestinal inflammation, an important factor for colon cancer development. Natural compoundsfrom Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae) have long been a potential source of bioactive materials with variousbeneficial biological functions. Among them, a major active curcuminoid, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) has beenshown to possess anti-inflammatory properties in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages or microgliacells. However, the role of DMC on iNOS expression and NO production in an in vitro inflamed human intestinalmucosa model has not yet been elucidated. This study concerned inhibitory effects on iNOS expression and NOproduction of DMC in inflamed human intestinal Caco-2 cells. An in vitro model was generated and inhibitoryeffects on NO production of DMC at 65 μM for 24-96 h were assessed by monitoring nitrite levels. Expressionof iNOS mRNA and protein was also investigated. DMC significantly decreased NO secretion by 35-41% in ourinflamed cell model. Decrease in NO production by DMC was concomitant with down-regulation of iNOS atmRNA and protein levels compared to proinflammatory cytokine cocktail and LPS-treated controls. Mechanismof action of DMC may be partly due to its potent inhibition of the iNOS pathway. Our findings suggest thatDMC may have potential as a therapeutic agent against inflammation-related diseases, especially in the gut.
Curcuminoids,inflamed human intestinal Caco-2 cells,iNOS/NO,in vitro model
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28834.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28834_9c600f886f309e506ac951fe761a2e62.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Favorable Outcome in Elderly Asian Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Everolimus: The Osaka Urologic Oncology Group
1811
1815
EN
<b>Background:</b> In clinical trials with no upper age limit, the proportion of older patients is usually small, probablyreflecting the more conservative approach adopted by clinicians when treating the elderly. An exploratoryanalysis of elderly patients in the RECORD-1 Trial showed that patients ≥ 65 y.o. had superior median PFS thanoverall RECORD-1 population (5.4 months and 4.9 months, respectively). We investigated the efficacy, relativebenefit and safety of Everolimus (EVE) as sequential therapy after failure of VEGFr-TKI therapy for olderpatients with metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC), in daily practice. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: 172 consecutiveIRB approved patients with mRCC (median age 65, M:F 135/37, 78% clear cell) who received salvage EVE at39 tertiary institutions between October 2009 and August 2011 were included in this analysis. Some 31% hadprogressed on sunitinib, 22% on sorafenib, 1% on axitinib, 41% on sequential therapy, and 5% had receivedother therapy. Patients with brain metastases were not included and 95% of the patients had a ECOG (EasternCooperative Oncology Group) performance status (PS) of 0 or 1. Previous radiotherapy was an exclusioncriterion, but prior chemotherapy was permitted. Adequate organ function and hematologic parameters weremandatory. EVE administration was approved by the institutional review board at each participating institutionand signed informed consent was obtained from all patients. <br/><b>Results</b>: Median time of the whole cohort to lastfollow-up was 3.5 months (range 0.4-15.2 months). Forty four percent were continuing to take EVE at last followup.There were 86 (50%) patients ≥ 65 y.o. and 86 (50%) <65 y.o. The percentage of patients who showed PR/SD was higher in the older group than in the younger one (5.9%/61.2% vs 1.2%/46.5%, respectively). Mediansurvival of older patients was also significantly longer (3.5 +/- 0.31 vs 3.1 +/- 0.34, hazard ratio=0.45, CI; 0.255-0.802). Analysis using Cox regression model adjusted for gender, PS, number of metastases, site of metastases,histology, smoking history and age detected an association between age and PFS (p=0.011). The frequency ofadverse events in elderly patients treated with EVE was no greater than that in younger patients, although suchtoxicity may have had a greater impact on their quality of life. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Older patients should not generallybe excluded from accepted therapies (mTOR inhibitors after failure of VEGFr-TKI therapy) for mRCC.
Elderly,mRCC,Prognosis,therapy,Toxicity
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28835.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28835_a05c228195e2b0348a10bfd540e6ffbf.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Screening for Metastatic Osteosarcoma Biomarkers with a DNA Microarray
1817
1822
EN
<br/><b>Objective</b>: The aim of this study was to screen for possible biomarkers of metastatic osteosarcoma (OS) using aDNA microarray. <br/><b>Methods</b>: We downloaded the gene expression profile GSE49003 from Gene Expression Omnibusdatabase, which included 6 gene chips from metastatic and 6 from non-metastatic OS patients. The R packagewas used to screen and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between metastatic and non-metastaticOS patients. Then we compared the expression of DEGs in the two groups and sub-grouped into up-regulatedand down-regulated, followed by functional enrichment analysis using the DAVID system. Subsequently, weconstructed an miRNA-DEG regulatory network with the help of WebGestalt software. <br/><b>Results</b>: A total of 323DEGs, including 134 up-regulated and 189 down-regulated, were screened out. The up-regulated DEGs wereenriched in 14 subcategories and most significantly in cytoskeleton organization, while the down-regulated DEGswere prevalent in 13 subcategories, especially wound healing. In addition, we identified two important miRNAs(miR-202 and miR-9) pivotal for OS metastasis, and their relevant genes, CALD1 and STX1A. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>:MiR-202 and miR-9 are potential key factors affecting the metastasis of OS and CALD1 and STX1A may bepossible targets beneficial for the treatment of metastatic OS. However, further experimental studies are neededto confirm our results.
Metastatic osteosarcoma,differential gene expression,functional enrichment,miRNA,regulatory network
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28836.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28836_e1bc363bc009bf5261be6df8d06d9e2d.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
HIF-1α and GLUT1 Gene Expression is Associated with Chemoresistance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
1823
1829
EN
Aims: Much evidence suggests that increased glucose metabolism in tumor cells might contribute to thedevelopment of acquired chemoresistance. However, the molecular mechanisms are not fully clear. Therefore,we investigated a possible correlation of mRNA expression of HIF-1α and GLUT1 with chemoresistance in acutemyeloid leukemia (AML). <br/><b>Methods</b>: Bone marrow samples were obtained from newly diagnosed and relapsedAML (M3 exclusion) cases. RNA interference with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to stably silence GLUT1or HIF-1α gene expression in an AML cell line and HIF-1α and GLUT1 mRNA expression was measured byreal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay (qPCR). <br/><b>Results</b>: High levels of HIF-1α and GLUT1 wereassociated with poor responsiveness to chemotherapy in AML. Down-regulation of the expression of GLUT1 byRNA interference obviously sensitized drug-resistant HL-60/ADR cells to adriamycin (ADR) in vitro, comparablewith RNA interference for the HIF-1α gene. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Our data revealed that over-expression of HIF-1α andGLUT1 might play a role in the chemoresistance of AML. GLUT1 might be a potential target to reverse suchdrug resistance.
GLUT1,HIF-1α,glucose metabolism,Chemoresistance
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28837.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28837_550848c2a7f09c20460d18f55162e983.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Transrectal Real-time Tissue Elastography - An Effective Way to Distinguish Benign and Malignant Prostate Tumors
1831
1835
EN
<b>Background:</b> To investigate the relationship between extracellular matrix parameters and texture of prostaticlesions evaluated by transrectal real-time tissue elastography (TRTE). <br/><b>Methods</b>: 120 patients suspicious forprostate cancer underwent TRTE. Targeted biopsies were carried out after 12-core systematic biopsy. Epitheliawere stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and Victoria blue and Ponceau S were used to stain elastic-collagen fibers,and picric acid-sirius red for visualization of collagen type I (Col1) and III (Col3). Smooth muscles were visualizedby immunohistochemistry. All image analyses were performed in a blind manner using Image Pro Plus 6.0, andthe area ratios of epithelium, elastic fibers, collagen fibers and Col1/Col3 were determined. <br/><b>Results</b>: 42 patientswith typical elastograms were included in the final data analysis. Significant differences were detected betweenthe benign and malignant groups in the area ratios of epithelium (P = 0.01), smooth muscles and Col1/Col3 (P= 0.04, P = 0.02, respectively). There were no significant differences in the area ratios of epithelium, smoothmuscle and elastic fibers between the stiff and soft lesion groups. The area ratio of Col1 was (0.05±0.03) in thestiff group, and (0.02±0.01) in the soft group (P= 0.00). However, the area ratio of Col3 was (0.03±0.02) in thestiff group, and (0.05±0.04) in the soft group (P = 0.16). Col1/Col3 in the stiff group (1.99±1.59) was greater thanin the soft group (0.71±0.64) (P = 0.01). <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Tissue hardness of prostatic tumors was mainly dependenton the Col1 content, Col1/Col3 being higher in malignant than in benign lesions, so the prostate tissue texturecan be used as a target for distinguishing between the two with TRTE.
Elastography,Ultrasound,Prostate Cancer,benign/malignant,Differential diagnosis,collagen
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28838.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28838_8d0d5af4c9159a5bb1d50b8d43f896af.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
An Exploratory Study of Japanese Fathers’ Knowledge of and Attitudes towards HPV and HPV Vaccination: Does Marital Status Matter?
1837
1843
EN
<b>Background:</b> No studies on male attitudes towards HPV and HPV vaccination have been conducted in Japan,and little is known globally whether attitudes of single fathers differ to those living with a female partner. Thisexploratory study assessed whether Japanese fathers were likely to have their daughter vaccinated against HPVin a publically funded program and whether any differences existed regarding attitudes and knowledge aboutHPV according to marital status. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: Subjects were 27 fathers (16 single; 11 married) whotook part in a study on HPV vaccine acceptability aimed at primary caregivers of girls aged 11-14 yrs in threeJapanese cities between July and December 2010. <br/><b>Results</b>: Knowledge about HPV was extremely poor (meanscore out of 13 being 2.74±3.22) with only one (3.7%) participant believing he had been infected with HPV andmost (81.4%) believing they had no or low future risk. No difference existed regarding knowledge or awareness ofHPV according to marital status. Concerning perceived risk for daughters, single fathers were significantly morelikely to believe their daughter was at risk for both HPV (87.5% versus 36.4%; p=0.01) and cervical cancer (75.0%versus 27.3%; p=0.02). Acceptability of free HPV vaccination was high at 92% with no difference according tomarital status, however single fathers were significantly more likely (p=0.01) to pay when vaccination came at acost. Concerns specific to single fathers included explaining the sexual nature of HPV and taking a daughter toa gynecologist to be vaccinated. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Knowledge about HPV among Japanese fathers is poor, but HPVvaccine acceptability is high and does not differ by marital status. Providing sexual health education in schoolsthat addresses lack of knowledge about HPV as well as information preferences expressed by single fathers, maynot only increase HPV vaccine acceptance, but also actively involve men in cervical cancer prevention strategies.However, further large-scale quantitative studies are needed.
HPV vaccine,Knowledge,attitudes,fathers,daughters
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28839.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28839_8457b264f62034dd0dccb771160c439a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Efficacy and Safety of Raltitrexed Combinations with Uracil-Tegafur or Mitomycin C as Salvage Treatment in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Study of Anatolian Society of Medical Oncology (ASMO)
1845
1849
EN
<b>Background:</b> There is no standard treatment for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) progressing afteririnotecan and oxaliplatin treatment. Here we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and tolerability ofraltitrexed in combination with oral 5-fluoropyrimidine (uracil tegafur-UFT) or mitomycin C as salvage therapyin mCRC patients. Materials and <br/><b>Methods</b>: A total of 62 patients who had received raltitrexed combined withUFT or mitomycin C were identified between December 2008 and June 2013. They were given raltitrexed 2.6mg/m2 (max 5 mg) i.v. on day 1 in combination with either oral UFT 500 mg/day on days 1-14 every 3 weeks(group A) or mitomycin C 6 mg/m2 i.v. on day every 3 weeks (group B). <br/><b>Results</b>: Forty-two patients (67.7%)were in group A and 20 (32.2%) in group B. In 15 patients (24%) grade 3/4 toxicity was observed, resultingin dose reduction, and in 13 patients (20.9%) dose delay was necessary. The median progression free survival(PFS) was 3 months (95%CI 2.65-3.34) and median overall survival (OS) was 6 months (95%CI 2.09-9.90) inthe whole group. Median PFS was 3 months (95%CI 2.60-3.39) in group A vs 3 months (95%CI 1.64-4.35) ingroup B (p=0.90). Median OS was 6 months (95%CI 2.47-9.53) in group A vs 12 months (95%CI 2.83-21.1) ingroup B (p=0.46). <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: The combination of raltitrexed with UFT or mitomycin C seem to be a salvagetherapy option due to safety profile and moderate clinical activity in heavily-pretreated mCRC patients.
Raltitrexed,uracil-tegafur,Mitomycin C,salvage treatment,colorectal cancer
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28840.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28840_7012c201129a9a69dad8fbbc43b8434c.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Berberine Hydrochloride Impact on Physiological Processes and Modulation of Twist Levels in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma CNE-1 Cells
1851
1857
EN
<br/><b>Objective</b>: The main purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of berberine hydrochloride (BH) onthe proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of CNE-1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Our results shedlight on the functional components of traditional Chinese herbs for potential use in modern medicine. <br/><b>Methods</b>:The CNE-1 cell line was treated with different concentrations of BH and effects on cell viability and proliferationwere evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Anti-migratory and anti-invasive actions of BHwere investigated using wound healing assays and the Millicell Hanging cell culture insert system, respectively.Expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene twist (Twist) was analyzed by real-timePCR and Western blotting. Apoptosis was estimated with an annexin-V fluorescein (FITC) apoptosis detectionkit, as well as with reference to levels of activated caspase-3 of CNE-1 cells before and after treatment with BHutilizing fluorescence spectroscopy. <br/><b>Results</b>: BH was capable of reducing proliferation and viability of CNE-1cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, also demonstrating anti-migratory and anti-invasive capacities whichcorrelated with reduction in expression of Twist. Finally, BH was able to induce significant amounts of apoptosisin CNE-1 cells, as demonstrated by an increase in the activity of caspase-3 and in annexin-V staining followingtreatment. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: BH extracted from rhizoma coptidis demonstrated an ability to block proliferation,induce apoptosis, and impair the migration and invasion of the CNE-1 cell line Considering these properties, ourresults suggest that BH could be an important compound for consideration in the treatment of nasopharyngealcarcinoma.
Berberine hydrochloride,Invasion,migration,Apoptosis,Cell proliferation,CNE-1
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28841.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28841_70f9562c7d78f960081915832b26ac88.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
All-trans-retinoic Acid Promotes Iodine Uptake Via Upregulating the Sodium Iodide Symporter in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Stem Cells
1859
1862
EN
Recently, the main therapy of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is surgical, but by which way there is a poorprognosis with a mean survival of only 5 years. In some cases, some researchers found that it is the medullarythyroid cancer stem cells (MTCSCs) that cause metastasis and recurrence. This study aimed to eradicate MTCSCsthrough administration of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Here we demonstrate that MTCSCs possess stemlikeproperties in serum-free medium. The ABCG2, OCT4 and sodium iodide symporter (NIS) were changedby ATRA. Additionally, we found that ATRA can increase the expression of NIS in vivo. All the data suggestedthat ATRA could increase the iodine uptake of MTCSCs through NIS.
ATRA,medullary thyroid carcinoma stem cells,the capability of radioiodine uptake,131I
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28842.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28842_6274cff696b19ebd17126634642db677.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Low Level of TERC Gene Amplification between Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients Resistant and Respond to Imatinib Mesylate Treatment
1863
1869
EN
The amplification of telomerase component (TERC) gene could play an important role in generation andtreatment of haematological malignancies. This present study was aimed to investigate copy number amplificationstatus of TERC gene in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients who were being treated with imatinib mesylate(IM). Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of CML-IM Resistant (n=63), CML-IM Respond(n=63) and healthy individuals (n=30). TERC gene copy number predicted (CNP) and copy number calculated(CNC) were determined based on Taqman® Copy Number Assay. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)analysis was performed to confirm the normal signal pattern in C4 (calibrator) for TERC gene. Nine of CMLpatients showed TERC gene amplification (CNP=3), others had 2 CNP. A total of 17 CML patients expressedCNC>2.31 and the rest had 2.31>CNC>1.5. TERC gene CNP value in healthy individuals was 2 and their CNCvalue showed in range 1.59-2.31. The average CNC TERC gene copy number was 2.07, 1.99 and 1.94 in CMLIMResistant patients, CML-IM Respond and healthy groups, respectively. No significant difference of TERCgene amplification observed between CML-IM Resistant and CML-IM Respond patients. Low levels of TERCgene amplification might not have a huge impact in haematological disorders especially in terms of resistancetowards IM treatment.
telomerase RNA component,gene amplification,CML,imatinib mesylate resistance
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28843.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28843_f6ec67809afce8136cbcfdb0c3e1ae48.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Ethanolic Extract from Derris scandens Benth Mediates Radiosensitzation via Two Distinct Modes of Cell Death in Human Colon Cancer HT-29 Cells
1871
1877
EN
Enhancing of radioresponsiveness of tumors by using radiosensitizers is a promising approach to increase theefficacy of radiation therapy. Recently, the ethanolic extract of the medicinal plant, Derris scandens Benth hasbeen identified as a potent radiosensitizer of human colon cancer HT29 cells. However, cell death mechanismsunderlying radiosensitization activity of D scandens extract have not been identified. Here, we show that treatmentof HT-29 cells with D scandens extract in combination with gamma irradiation synergistically sensitizes HT-29cells to cell lethality by apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe. Furthermore, the extract was found to decrease Erk1/2activation. These findings suggest that D scandens extract mediates radiosensitization via at least two distinctmodes of cell death and silences pro-survival signaling in HT-29 cells.
radiosensitizer,Derris scandens benth,radiotherapy,apotosis mitotic catastrophe
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28844.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28844_b7a0aa7f5bd35750dde1d5f24c2eee59.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Influence of Adipocytokines and Periprostatic Adiposity Measurement Parameters on Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness
1879
1883
EN
<b>Background:</b> The relationship between obesity and prostate cancer aggressiveness is controversial in recentstudies, partly because BMI is the only generally applied marker of obesity. Our study aimed at evaluatingthe correlation of periprostatic fat (PF) on magnatic resonance imaging (MRI) and adipocytokines withprostate cancer aggressiveness. Patients and method: A total of 184 patients who underwent radical retropubicprostatectomy (RRP) were analyzed retrospectively; different fat measurements on MRI slices and levels ofadipocytokines were compared with the clinical and pathologic factors using SSPS ver.13.0. <br/><b>Result</b>: The PF ratesshowed a statistically significant variation (p=0.019, 0.025) among groups, that is to say, more adipose tissue wasdistributed in periprostatic areas of high risk patients. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age revealed astatistically association between the PF, the ratio and the risk of having high-risk disease (p=0.031, 0.024). Thelevels of IL-6, leptin and c-reactive protein (CRP) significantly increased with the aggressiveness of prostate cancer,and also with PF and its ratio. The strongest correlation was seen between IL-6 and PF (Pearson r coefficient=0.67,P<0.001). No association was observed between adipocytokines and BMI. <br/><b>Conclusion</b>: Periprostatic adipositynot only affects prostate cancer aggressiveness, but also influences the secretion of adipocytokines. IL-6, PF andCRP have promoting effects on progression of prostate cancer.
Prostate Cancer,periprostatic adiposity,Body mass index (BMI),tumor aggressiveness,adipocytokine
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28845.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28845_9a15cfa203a5e5cbf2cb7c1bd17f872f.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Anticancer Therapy for Breast Cancer Patients with Skin Metastases Refractory to Conventional Treatments
1885
1887
EN
Skin metastases of breast cancer are usually late events in the course of tumor progression and signify apoor prognosis. They may remain as a therapeutic challenge especially after failure of standard treatments.Topical interventions, together with or without radiotherapy, may only palliate the symptoms temporarily.However, there may be alternative treatment modalities for unresectable breast cancer skin metastases resistantto chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There are various genetic alterations in tumors and therapeutic potential ofexpression patterns for factors like epidermal growth factor receptor may have important clinical implications incase of disease refractory to the conventional treatments. Here, we clarified the therapeutic options and geneticalterations in skin metastatic breast cancer patients refractory to standard chemotherapeutics.
Anticancer therapy,breast cancer,skin metastases,Refractory
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28846.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28846_aab89db5865182228d9d64366ecf962a.pdf
West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
1513-7368
2476-762X
15
4
2014
04
01
Can Low Molecular Weight Heparins Circumvent the Problem of Coumadine and Chemotherapy Interaction in Cancer Patients with Prosthetic Heart Valves?
1889
1890
EN
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28847.html
https://journal.waocp.org/article_28847_b0bfe26f1a08c623e588ff84f7c21490.pdf