TY - JOUR ID - 57860 TI - Individual and Integrated Effects of Potential Risk Factors for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Hospital-Based Case- Control Study in Jazan, Saudi Arabia JO - Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention JA - APJCP LA - en SN - 1513-7368 AU - Alharbi, Fahd AU - Quadri, Mir Faeq Ali AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. AD - Department of Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Y1 - 2018 PY - 2018 VL - 19 IS - 3 SP - 791 EP - 796 KW - Shammah KW - oral squamous cell carcinoma KW - oral cancer KW - Saudi Arabia KW - Case control study DO - 10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.3.791 N2 - Background: Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world, with a high prevalence reported in Jazanprovince of Saudi Arabia. The objectives of this study were to check individual and integrated effects of potential riskfactors for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and methods: A case control study was designed with a sampleof 210 subjects, in which histopathologically confirmed incident cases (n=70) and controls (n=140) matched for age,gender and referral route, were recruited. Differences in exposure to potential risk factors between cases and controlswere assessed using chi-square and McNemar analyses. A logistic regression model with interactions was applied to checkindividual and integrated effects. Results: Mean age of the sample was 55 years (+ 20 years). Shammah (O.R = 33.01;C.I = 3.22 – 39.88), shisha (O.R = 3.96; C.I = 0.24 – 63.38), and cigarette (O.R = 1.58; C.I = 0.13, 2.50) consumptionwas significantly associated (P<0.05) with oral squamous cell carcinoma development. In contrast, Khat chewing (O.R= 0.67; C.I = 0.19-2.36) was without significant effect. An increase in odds ratios was observed when combinationsof shammah and shisha (O.R = 35.03; C.I = 11.50-65.66), shisha and cigarettes (O.R = 10.52; C.I = 1.03 – 33.90) orshamma and cigarettes (O.R = 10.10; C.I = 0.50 - 20.40) were used. Conclusion: Combined exposure to risk-factorshas serious implications and policies on oral cancer prevention should be designed with attention to this aspect. UR - https://journal.waocp.org/article_57860.html L1 - https://journal.waocp.org/article_57860_8f157badd0c14e796572ac5a209618c2.pdf ER -