TY - JOUR ID - 66160 TI - Cytochrome P450: Polymorphisms and Roles in Cancer, Diabetes and Atherosclerosis JO - Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention JA - APJCP LA - en SN - 1513-7368 AU - Elfaki, Imadeldin AU - Mir, Rashid AU - Almutairi, Fahad M AU - Duhier, Faisel M Abu AD - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. AD - Prince Fahd Ben Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Y1 - 2018 PY - 2018 VL - 19 IS - 8 SP - 2057 EP - 2070 KW - CytochromeP450 KW - Polymorphism KW - T2D KW - Atherosclerosis KW - Drug metabolism DO - 10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.8.2057 N2 - Cytochromes P450s (CYPs) constitute a superfamily of enzymes that catalyze the metabolism of drugs and othersubstances. Endogenous substrates of CYPs include eicosanoids, estradiol, arachidonic acids, cholesterol, vitamin Dand neurotransmitters. Exogenous substrates of CYPs include the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and about 80% ofcurrently used drugs. Some isoforms can activate procarcinogens to ultimate carcinogens. Genetic polymorphisms ofCYPs may affect the enzyme catalytic activity and have been reported among different populations to be associatedwith various diseases and adverse drug reactions. With regard of drug metabolism, phenotypes for CYP polymorphismrange from ultrarapid to poor metabolizers. In this review, we discuss some of the most clinically important CYPsisoforms (CYP2D6, CYP2A6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP1B1 and CYP1A2) with respect to gene polymorphisms anddrug metabolism. Moreover, we review the role of CYPs in renal, lung, breast and prostate cancers and also discusstheir significance for atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. UR - https://journal.waocp.org/article_66160.html L1 - https://journal.waocp.org/article_66160_153b8fc08b64907951c519e8b4f95a40.pdf ER -