2024-03-28T16:34:28Z
https://journal.waocp.org/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=11712
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Combination of Statins and NSAIDs as a Potential Novel Addition to the Limited Anti-Breast Cancer Weaponry: A True Synergistic Model
Abdolhassan
Talaiezadeh
Amir
Papan
Pedram
Nazari
Seyedeh Parvin
Mousavi Ghanavati
Ali
Ramazani
Statins
NSAIDs
breast cancer
combination treatment
2019
05
01
1295
1296
https://journal.waocp.org/article_82726_756af62fa2387f52061811d390584825.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Micronucleus Assay of Buccal Mucosa Cells in Hairdressers: The Importance of Occupational Exposure
Daniel Araki
Ribeiro
micronucleus assay
oral mucosa
hairdresser
2019
05
01
1297
1298
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87830_48c9973a27bddc609decb4518a041d35.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
No Association between Merkel Cell Polymavirus Infection and Keratoacanthoma in Korean Patients
Dae-Kwang
Kim
Objectives: Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a relatively common benign tumor and resembles squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). The definitive cause of KA remains unclear, but trauma, ultraviolet light, chemical carcinogens, humanpapillomavirus, genetic factors, and immunocompromised status have been implicated as etiologic or triggeringfactors. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is suspected to cause the majority of cases of Merkel cell carcinoma(MCC). MCPyV-DNA was found significantly more frequently in MCC and only found in about one fourth of KAs. Ina recent study, MCPyV was found in Korean patients with MCC. The aim of this study was to determine the presenceof MCPyV in Korean patients with KA. Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue samples were analyzed for the presenceof MCPyV-DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 105 KA samples were analyzed. Results: A study ofMCPyV has not been reported about KA in Korean cases. In the present study the MCPyV was not detected with KAin the Korean patients. Conclusions: This supports that KA and MCPyV are not related to each other and MCVyP isnot a major factor in the pathogenesis of KA.
Keratoacanthoma
Merkel Cell Polymavirus
PCR detection
2019
05
01
1299
1301
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87561_71cfde3ef63021ba2bf2e6c3a4655e8d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Histopathological Patterns and Characteristics of Abnormal Cervical Smear in Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia
Hala Mohammed
Yousif
Abdulkader Mohammed
Albasri
Mariam Mohammed
Alshanqite
Hashim Mohamed
Missawi
Cervical cancer is a major public health problem that continues to be one of the leading female genital cancersworldwide. In the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), cervical cancer ranks the fifteenth most frequent cancer amongfemales. This study is the first published research study addressing the screening of cervical cancer in Madinah regionof KSA. Aim: To evaluate the abnormal cytological entities detected by cervical Pap smear in Madinah region of KSAand to compare the results with other national and international studies. Methods: This retrospective case-control studywas conducted in the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Histopathology at the Maternity and ChildrenHospital (MCH), Madinah, KSA from January 2013 to December 2015. Results: Of the 1594 cases reviewed, only38 cases (2.4%) had epithelial cell abnormalities. High grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and low gradesquamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) were the most common diagnosis categories, and cervical cancer accountedfor 36.8% of the total cases for each, followed by atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance (ASCUS) foundin (15.9%). Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC ) was found in (5.3%) of the cases. Patients with abnormal epithelialchanges had higher parity (P=0.021) and presented more with a complaint of postcoital bleeding (P<0.0001), tend tohave abnormal cervical appearance (P=0.004), more likely bleeding on touch (P=0.001) and associated with cervicalerosion (P=0.014). Conclusion: The study showed a relatively low prevalence of epithelial cell lesions. These lesionswere mainly squamous cell lesions harbored by females who have an abnormal cervical appearance, and those withhigh parity who were lacking cervical screening program.
Cervical cancer
Pap smear
Madinah
Saudi Arabia
2019
05
01
1303
1307
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87406_95c7458c8afe422a5c056c44a3f5372e.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
A Review on Dietary Intervention in Obesity Associated Colon Cancer
N H
Roslan
S
Makpol
Y A
Mohd Yusof
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. According toNational Cancer Registry, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Peninsular Malaysia increases with age. The incidenceis highest among Chinese population but lower among Indians and Malays. Many reviews have suggested that obesitymay be associated with a higher risk (>50%) of colorectal cancer. Methods: This study collects a comprehensivedata from the literature review available from respective journals on dietary intervention and the chemo-protectivemechanisms of a few natural resources in obesity -associated colon cancer based on previous and current studies.Results: In obesity-associated colon cancer, the genes of interest and pathways that are mainly involved includeNFκB, P13K/Akt, and MAPK pathways, and FTO, leptin, Cyclin D, MMPs, and STAT3 genes. Dietary modificationis one of the alternative steps in early prevention of colon cancer. It has been proposed that the components present incertain foods may have the ability to protect against many diseases including the prevention of cancer. Conclusion:There are many factors that lead to obesity-associated colon cancer and the mechanisms behind it is still undergoingintensive research. This review aims to scrutinize research as well as reviews that have been previously reported onobesity associated colorectal cancer and the beneficial effects of including antioxidants-rich foods such as vegetablesand fruits in the diet to reduce the risk of obesity associated colorectal cancer.
Obesity
Colon cancer
pathways
natural phytochemicals
2019
05
01
1309
1319
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87368_477f9400002e5299bb4c9ea2bdaf2296.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Association of Dietary Intake Ratio of n-3/n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Breast Cancer Risk in Western and Asian Countries: A Meta-Analysis
Ricvan Dana
Nindrea
Teguh
Aryandono
Lutfan
Lazuardi
Iwan
Dwiprahasto
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine association of dietary intake ratioof n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries. Methods: The authorsconducted a meta-analysis of published research articles on association of dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturatedfatty acids (PUFAs) with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries published between January 2000 and February2019 in online article databases of PubMed, ProQuest and EBSCO. Pooled risk ratios (RR) were calculated usingfixed and random-effect models. Publication bias was visually evaluated by performing funnel plots and statisticallyassessed by Egger’s and Begg’s tests. Data were processed by using Stata version 14.2 (Stata Corporation). Results:This study reviewed 913 articles. There were 13 studies included in systematic review continued by meta-analysisof relevant data with total number of samples: 275,264 patients. The results showed dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6PUFAs with breast cancer risk in Western and Asian countries (RR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.92-1.07). Dietary intake ratioof n-3/n-6 PUFAs with breast cancer risk in Western countries reached (RR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.91-1.06) and there wasany significant publication bias for studies included. Dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs with breast cancer risk inAsian countries reached (RR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.94-1.47) and there was not any significant publication bias for studiesincluded. Conclusion: This analysis confirmed association of dietary intake ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs with breast cancerrisk in Western and Asian countries. Higher dietary intake ratio is associated with lower risk of breast cancer in Asiancountries rather than Western countries. This study suggests increasing dietary intake ratio n-3/n-6 PUFAs will providebenefit for breast cancer prevention.
breast cancer
Omega-3
omega-6
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
2019
05
01
1321
1327
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87371_2cb374daf7fa840e4fed13bf55376676.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
The Therapeutic and Preventive Efficacy of Curcumin and Its Derivatives in Esophageal Cancer
Komal
Komal
Shilpi
Chaudhary
Preeti
Yadav
Raja
Pramanik
Mayank
Singh
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common occurring cancer type worldwide and 6th most common amongthe cancer related deaths of which the most common type is squamous cell carcinoma which comprise about 90%of esophageal cancer cases. The standard of care for esophageal cancer is neoadjuvant concurrent chemotherapy andradiation (NACRT) followed by surgery however the prognosis remains dismal with 5 year survival a meager 10-15%.The treatment modalities for esophageal cancer is associated with both long term and short term toxicities. Curcuminhas been explored as a therapeutic modality as a chemo adjuvant in different cancers due to its low toxicity profile andpotent anticancer effect however despite lot of promising preclinical data it has not progressed from bench side to bedside. The primary reason that has obstructed its application in clinic has been its low bioavailability which was seenin different clinical trials but there has been tremendous progress in developing formulations of curcumin which havesignificantly increased its bioavailability and are being tested in clinical trials. Esophageal cancer is associated withinflammation that’s why curcumin being a natural antioxidant offer a potential avenue to reduce toxicity of currenttherapeutic modalities in a chemo adjuvant setting while simultaneously targeting different pro oncogenic pathways.The present review tries to cover in depth different aspects of curcumin application in treatment of esophageal cancerand progress of this potent anticancer agent in its treatment and prevention.
curcumin
Esophageal Cancer
Chemoprevention
2019
05
01
1329
1337
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87376_453d5aefa212bde0c14ca36927478cda.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Detection of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Gene Mutation in Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Tissue by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformational Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Northeastern Region of Thailand
Kornsiri
Saiyaros
Panutus
Kritpetcharat
Chawalit
Pairojkul
Jiraporn
Sitthithaworn
Background: The use of targeted specific genes in therapeutic and treatment decisions has been considered forlung cancer. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, which is over expressed in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), was considered as one of the targeted specific genes. EGFR mutations in exons 18–21, which encode aportion of the EGFR kinase domain, were found in NSCLC patients and were associated with the response of EGFRtyrosinekinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Therefore, a molecular technique for EGFR mutation detection has importantbenefits for therapy in NSCLC patients. This study aims to determine the EGFR mutations in patients with NSCLCusing polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) in exons 18-21. Methods:DNA samples were extracted from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues of NSCLC patients who attended hospital.The extracted DNA was used as a template for the EGFR gene amplification. Results: Occurrence of EGFR mutationswere found in 29 out of 50 cases (58%).The frequency of EGFR mutations by first PCR at exon 18, 19, 20 and 21were 6 (12%), 19 (38%) 20 (40%) and at 21 (42%), respectively. By PCR-SSCP, the frequencies of EGFR mutationsat exon 18, 19, 20 and 21 were 3(6%), 18(36%), 23(46%) and 13(26%), respectively. All of the mutations found werein agreement with DNA sequencings. Conclusion: The high frequency of EGFR mutations in NSCLC suggests thatPCR-SSCP is a efficient screening method and useful for treatment plan.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
Mutation
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP)
2019
05
01
1339
1343
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87882_213aa8e7f022b5b4b219f89eb38cc7d8.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Ten Years’ Survival in Patients with Cervical Cancer and Related Factors in West Azerbaijan Province: Using of Cox Proportion Hazard Model
Hamid Reza
Khalkhali
Rasool
Gharaaghaji
Rohollah
Valizadeh
Zahra
Kousehlou
Haleh
Ayatollahi
Objective: There are two basic ways to analyze survival data including nonparametric and parametric methods.Considering that cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women, this study was conducted using asuitable regression model for survival data for patients with cervical cancer in Urmia. Material and Methods: In thishistorical retrospective study, all patients with cervical cancer who referred to Motahhari Hospital of Urmia during 2004and 2015 were included in the study and consisted of 109 women with cervical cancer. The data were collected usingchecklist which filled with records of patients. The data were described with percent, mean and standard deviation.The survival function was computed with the Kaplan-Meier method. The adjusted Hazard Ratio for variables wereestimated after fitting the Cox proportion hazard model using Forward Stepwise Likelihood Ratio method with PE=0.1,PR=0.15. Results: Of the 109 patients, the mean (SD) time of diagnosis was 50.1% (11.7) years. The mean (SD) andmedian of follow-up time was 38.23 (32.50) and 27.1 months (Mim:2 months and Max:132 months). Ninty-Three ofpatients (88.7%) were in urban area. Using Log-Rank test, the mean score of survival in patients with recurrence of 38.8months was significantly lower than those without recurrence (102.5 months) (P <0.001). The results of the COX modelshowed that the adjusted relative risk of mortality with a diagnostic age of 50 years or more compared to those under50 years of age was 1.978. The risk for marriage under age 20 was 3.189 compared to the marriage age of 20 years ormore. Conclusion: According to results, the low age of marriage increases the occurrence of advanced stages of cancerin older ages and as a social and cultural factor has a significant effect on the survival of patients with cervical cancer.
Survival Analysis
Cervical cancer
Cox Proportion Hazard model
West Azerbaijan province
2019
05
01
1345
1351
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87420_e1c1c533de5688057597334da4daf1ed.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Targeting the BRAF Signaling Pathway in CD133pos Cancer Stem Cells of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
Farzaneh
Bozorg-Ghalati
Mehdi
Hedayati
Mehdi
Dianatpour
Narimann
Mosaffa
Fereidoun
Azizi
Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) with a self-renewal ability in tumor cells population, execute a pivotalfunction in tumorigenesis, retrogression, and metastasis of malignant cancers such as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma(ATC). Materials and Methods: In this study, we isolated CSCs subpopulation with CD133 surface marker fromthree ATC cell lines by magnetic cell sorting assay. After confirming the segregation by the flow cytometry method,BRAF and sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) genes were investigated in them before and after incubation with BRAFinhibitor. Also, we evaluated the NIS protein expression and localization. Results: Established upon q-RT PCR data,when compared to human normal thyrocytes, the BRAFV600E gene was over-expressed in CD133pos cells (>1705.99 ±55.55 fold, Mean ± SEM, n=3, P- value<0.05), whilst the expression of NIS gene was very restricted (< 0.0008 ± 5.43fold, Mean ± SEM, n=3, P- value<0.05) in them. Also, our results showed that BRAF inhibition affected NIS proteinexpression and localization. Conclusions: Current study showed that the differentiate genes/proteins expression canbe induced in the CSCs via focus on signal transduction pathways and targeting their molecules, that are involved inexpression of these genes/proteins. Therefore, attention to targeting CSCs along with routine thyroid cancer therapy,can help to ATC treatment.
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Positive CD133 cancer stem cells
BRAF inhibition
Sodium-iodide symporter
2019
05
01
1353
1360
https://journal.waocp.org/article_86820_058f5512033a587709b144839c181686.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
The Association Between Low Serum Cholesterol and Non-Cardiovascular Mortality among Italian Males and Females: A Nine- Year Prospective Cohort Ctudy
Samira
Taravatmanesh
Nader
Parsa
Maurizio
Trevisan
Pari Mahleaghae
Zaheri
Background: No study to date provides evidence suggesting that lower cholesterol is associated with excess deathin non-cardiovascular disease (NCVD). This study aimed to determine the association between low cholesterol leveland NCVD mortality. Methods: A nine-year cohort study was conducted on 3,079 male and 26,005 female Italiansaged 20-69 years old. The Cox proportional hazard models implied a hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval forassociation. Results: Among males, there were significant inverse associations between the lowest cholesterol decile(< 160mg/dl) hazard ratio and all-cause deaths and non-cardiovascular deaths, 1.50 (1.19-1.89) and 2.06 (1.54-2.74),respectively. Among females, there was a significant inverse association of lowest and fourth cholesterol deciles, 1.53(1.01-2.34); 1.52 (1.06-2.18) hazard ratio for all-cause deaths and risk for non-cardiovascular deaths in the same deciles1.52 (0.91-2.50); 1.78 (1.16-2.71), respectively. Remarkably, in depth analysis for NCVD, found significant inverseassociations hazard of cholesterol CVD in males and only NCLD death was significant in females. Conclusion: Among males, there were significantinverse hazard associations between the lowest cholesterol decile and all-cause and non-CVD deaths . Among females,there were significant inverse hazard associations of lowest and fourth cholesterol decile for all-cause and also risk firstand fourth deciles for non-CVD mortality.
Low cholesterol
non-cardiovascular
mortality
2019
05
01
1361
1368
https://journal.waocp.org/article_86821_65e75b4e76ce96e879c3fde1fa7e9b1a.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Expression of DNA Damage Response Markers in Early-Onset or Familial Gastric Cancers
Hee Sung
Kim
Jong Won
Kim
In Gyu
Hwang
Hye Seung
Lee
Woo Ho
Kim
Background: Early-onset or familial gastric cancer (GC) is known to have clinicopathologic profiles different fromthose of sporadic GC. We aimed to compare DNA damage response marker expression between early-onset or familialGC and sporadic GC. Methods: GC samples were obtained from patients who underwent gastrectomy for GC at SeoulNational University Hospital. Immunohistochemical analyses of various DNA damage response markers, includingBRCA1, BRCA2, MRE11, RAD51C, and γH2AX, were performed using 54 early-onset GC, 59 familial GC, and 337sporadic GC tissue microarray samples. Correlations between marker expression and clinicopathologic features wereevaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses, and overall survival was analyzed. Results: The rate of γH2AXpositivity was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in early-onset or familial GC than in sporadic GC. In contrast, the rates ofMRE11 negativity and RAD51C negativity were significantly higher in sporadic GC than in early-onset or familial GC.BRCA1 negativity was associated with decreased overall survival in sporadic GC (p = 0.002), and MRE11 negativitywas associated with decreased overall survival in sporadic GC (p = 0.012). Conclusion: Our results show significantdifferences in DNA damage response marker expression between early-onset or familial GC and sporadic GC.
DNA damage response
Early-onset gastric cancer
immunohistochemistry
2019
05
01
1369
1376
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87400_b94c02ccb76f3718b07675396bab4535.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Adolescent Girls in Taiwan
Chao-Hsiun
Tang
Wen Fang
Cheng
Jhih-Hua
Jiang
San Lin
You
Lee-Wen
Huang
Jui-Yu
Hsieh
Piyali
Mukherjee
Georges
Van Kriekinge
Christa
Lee
Objective: Three vaccines are available to Taiwanese young girls for cervical cancer (CC) prevention. Herewe evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the two-dose (2D) AS04-adjuvanted HPV-16/18 vaccine (2D-AS04-HPV-16/18v)+screening compared with a screening programme alone, with 2D human papillomavirus 6/11/16/18 vaccine(2D-4vHPVv)+screening, and with 2D/three-dose (3D) human papillomavirus 6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 vaccine(9vHPVv)+screening, for Taiwan universal mass vaccination. Methods: A static Markov cohort model simulated thenatural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and CC screening for a 12-year-old cohort of Taiwanese girls(N=120,000). The model ran in 1-year cycles over the cohort’s lifetime. Vaccine efficacy irrespective of HPV typewas considered in the analysis for each vaccine. Input data were obtained from published literature, local databases,government reports and websites, and expert opinion. The analysis incorporated direct medical costs only, with anannual discount rate of 3.0%. The threshold was determined as 1 Gross Domestic Product per capita (New Taiwandollar [NT$] 727,818; year 2016). Results: The 2D-AS04-HPV-16/18v+screening yielded 0.0365 quality-adjusted lifeyear (QALY) gained at an additional cost of NT$ 5,770 per person compared with the screening programme alone. Thisresulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio well below the threshold. Compared with 2D-4vHPVv+screening and2D/3D-9vHPVv+screening, discounted results demonstrated additional QALYs gained at lower cost for 2D-AS04-HPV-16/18v+screening, making it dominant over both 2D-4vHPVv+screening and 2D/3D-9vHPVv+screening. Conclusions:Vaccinating Taiwanese girls with 2D-AS04-HPV-16/18v in addition to screening to prevent CC is cost-effectivecompared with using a screening programme alone and the dominant option compared with 2D-4vHPVv+screeningand 2D/3D-9vHPVv+screening.
HPV vaccination
Cervical cancer
Taiwan
Cost-Effectiveness
2019
05
01
1377
1387
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87912_9392c2c6b705db65c5227ad0a6918eb2.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Evaluation of the Dwell-Time and Dose Difference in Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin Therapy
Takashi
Nagai
Takehiko
Okamura
Yutaro
Tanaka
Yoshinobu
Moritoki
Daichi
Kobayashi
Takahiro
Kobayashi
Hidetoshi
Akita
Takahiro
Yasui
Objective: Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) intravesical therapy is currently established using a low dose becauseof the high incidence of side-effects. Moreover, shortening the dwell time of BCG is conducted in some facilities owingto the complications associated with a long dwell time after injection. The method of BCG administration varies ineach facility and even with each doctor. We evaluated whether the dwell-time and dose differences in patients whounderwent intravesical BCG therapy is related to completion rates, adverse effects, and nonrecurrence rates. Methods:From November 2006 to April 2016, a total of 173 patients who received intravesical BCG therapy after transurethralresection of bladder tumor or transurethral biopsy were evaluated retrospectively. We allocated them into 4 groups basedon the dose (40 or 80 mg BCG) and the dwell time (1 or 2 hours). Completion rate, side effects, and nonrecurrencerates were evaluated. Results: No significant improvement in the completion rate or reduction in side-effects wasobserved in any of the regimens. Although nonrecurrence rates for the 1-hour dwell time tended to be lower than the2-hour dwell time, the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Our study suggests that reducing the BCG dose orshortening the dwell time does not reduce adverse effects or affect the nonrecurrence rate.
BCG
dwell-time difference
dose difference
2019
05
01
1389
1392
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87913_48095c3372f6bba729611d003d8bf3a4.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Index-Based Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Prostate Cancer among Iranian Men
Matin
Ghanavati
Mehdi
Movahed
Bahram
Rashidkhani
Afshin
Rakhsha
Ehsan
Hejazi
Background and objective: The second most common cancer in men after lung cancer is prostate cancer (PC).Previous studies assessed the association between food items or food groups and the risk of PC, but diet quality indicesare unique approaches to study any relations between diet and disease. Our objective was to investigate the effect ofhealthy eating index (HEI-2010) and Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) on PC risk. Methods: Inthis case-control study, we recruited 97 patients with MS and 205 control subjects . Dietary intake was evaluted usinga valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. The HEI and MSDPS were calculated. Logistic regression was usedto evaluate the relationship between HEI and MSDP scores and PC risk after adjusting the confounders. Results: Incomparison to controls, cases had lower score on HEI (61 vs. 70.07; P< 0.001), and higher score on MSDP (26.20 vs.24.49; P= 0.44). After comparing the highest and the lowest tertile of HEI, we observed a significant decreasing trendin the risk of PC (p for trend<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that a high quality diet, according to HEI,may decrease the risk of PC.
Healthy Eating Index
Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score
diet quality
Prostate Cancer
2019
05
01
1393
1401
https://journal.waocp.org/article_86825_82f7abfbcea89e6f12216d4bd7d1eda4.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Do the Number of Cigarettes Smokes per day Contribute to the Incident of Malignant Cancer?
Risky Kusuma
Hartono
Sabariah Abd
Hamid
Muhammad
Hafizurrachman
Background: The incident of malignant cancer due to smoking habit becomes a public health problem especiallyin the developing countries. Active smokers neglect to stop smoking even though various studies proved that smokingincreases the risk of cancer. While, previous studies have assessed the incident risk of cancer but have not performed thevalidity of the measurement. The aim of this study is to know the number of cigarettes that contribute to the incidenceof malignant cancer. Methods: A study with retrospective cohort design has been conducted by using a set of publicdata of Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2007 and 2014. All active smokers (n= 748) who were in good healthcondition in 2007, were traced in 2014 and then being diagnosed with cancer with considering age, gender, healthyeating habit, and regular physical activity. Data has been analysed by using logistic regression by performing AdjustedRisk Ratio (ARR) and the result of validity measurement. Results: The incident of malignant cancer in 2014 were skin,liver, stomach and oral cavity. Smoking 21-30 per day in 2007 were significantly increased risk of having malignantcancer in 2014 at ARR: 6.88; SE:6.13 with the accuracy were 93.8%. The risk and accuracy were higher if smoke >30cigarettes per day (ARR:7.523; SE:7.019; accuracy 95.5%). This study also found that the risk of cancer was significantlyincrease with age (99% CI; ARR: 1.065; SE: 0.026). Conclusions: Cigarette smoking behaviour increased the risk anytypes incident of cancer. Total number >20 cigarettes smoked per day contributes to the incidence of malignant cancer.
Cigarettes
Malignant Cancer
Active Smokers
ARR
IFLS
2019
05
01
1403
1408
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87379_c81d9ca16159218d5ced853eedb6d643.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Predicting Source and Age of Brain Tumor Using Canny Edge Detection Algorithm and Threshold Technique
Parthasarathy
G
Ramanathan
L
Anitha
K
Justindhas
Y
Objective: We propose an iterative method and associated with thresholding technique for detecting the tumorsource and the age of tumor. Methods: The technique is based on Euclidean distance with strong edge and weak edgefor identifying the spreading area of disease and also detecting the tumor age. The work involves the use of cannyedge detection algorithm and thresholding technique, which exploits the information detection of brain tumor sourcethrough Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI). This system helps in the calculation of the age of tumor (approximate)using Euclidean distance. Results: Calculation of the age range between 0 -100 as 0th stage, between 100 - 250 as 1ststage, between 250 - 400 as 2nd stage, 400 – 650 as 3rd stage and also detection of the spread area, helps stopping thetumor from invading the neighbor cells thereby reducing the percentage of invasion of cancerous cells. Conclusion:This method provides the simulation output of proposed algorithm in additional noise resilient and improved in edgeand well defined tumor detection than the existing algorithm.
MRI image
Canny edge detection
Thresholding technique
Euclidean Distance
2019
05
01
1409
1414
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87831_d412328f2af4149f173b760db3de2b85.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Dietary Nutrient Patterns and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study from Iran
Alireza
Bahrami
Mehdi
Movahed
Farshad
Teymoori
Mohammad Reza
Mazandaranian
Bahram
Rashidkhani
Azita
Hekmatdoost
Ehsan
Hejazi
Background: Prostate cancer is the second common cancer in the world. Although some associations betweendietary intakes and prostate cancer have been found, the effects of dietary nutrients interactions have not yet evaluated.The aim of this study is to assess the association between nutrient patterns and risk of prostate cancer. Methods andMaterials: Ninety-seven patients with prostate cancer and 205 controls were asked about their demographic and dietaryintakes using validated questionnaires. To extract nutrient patterns, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on the35 nutrient items were applied. Varimax rotation was used for improving interpretation and minimizing correlationbetween the factors. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI)of prostate cancer by higher scores on the nutrient patterns. Results: High adherence to the “plant source” pattern wasnegatively associated with prostate cancer risk (OR 0.29 for the highest vs. the lowest score tertile; 95% CI= 0.13 – 0.65;P value for trend:<0.003). Similarly, the “antioxidant and fiber” pattern was associated with decreasing risk of prostatecancer (OR 0.06 for the highest vs. the lowest score tertile;95% CI=0.02 – 0.19; P value for trend:<0.001). There wasno significant association for the “mixed” and “vitamin and minerals” pattern with risk of prostate cancer. Conclusion:This study confirms the potential and important role of nutrients on prostate cancer risk. Our finding revealed that“antioxidant and fiber” and “plant source” pattern is inversely associated with prostate cancer risk; however, furtherlongitudinal and trial studies are needed to make a firm conclusion.
Factor analysis
Prostate Cancer
Nutrient patterns
2019
05
01
1415
1420
https://journal.waocp.org/article_86822_9d1d6040921bae2e57f0ff7a335795b6.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Plasma Level of MicroRNAs, MiR-107, MiR-194 and MiR-210 as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis Intestinal-Type Gastric Cancer in Human
Pegah
Parvaee
Hossein
Sarmadian
Behzad
Khansarinejad
Mahmood
Amini
Mahdieh
Mondanizadeh
Background: Timely and sensitive diagnosis of gastric cancer is crucial for efficient treatment and survival of thepatients. microRNAs have been considered as diagnostic biomarkers in different type of cancers including gastric cancer.In the present study, the expression profile of four microRNAs, miR-103, miR-107, miR-194 and miR-210 were evaluatedin patients with intestinal-type of gastric cancer (IGC) in order to assess their diagnosis utility as noninvasive biomarkers.Methods: A total number of 100 plasma samples from patients with gastric cancer and healthy controls were obtainedand total RNA was extracted using a commercial monophasic solution of phenol and guanidium thiocyanate. Reversetranscription (RT) reactions were performed by specific stem-loop RT primers and M-MuLV RT-enzyme. The expressionpatterns of microRNAs were assessed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) method andthe expression of SNORD47 RNA was used as the reference for normalization. Results: The results indicate that theplasma levels of miR-107, miR-194, and miR-210 were significantly lower in patients. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis showed that the patients could be distinguished from healthy individuals at the cutoff levels of0.504, 0.266, and 0.394 of miR-107, miR-194, and miR-210, respectively. On the other hand, the expression levels ofthese miRNAs were not significantly different in different clinicopathological stages of the disease. Conclusion: Thesefindings suggest that the plasma levels of miR-107, miR-194 and miR-210 were downregulated in patients with ICGand propose these molecules as potential non-invasive biomarkers for detection of IGC.
Biomarker
Diagnosis
Stomach neoplasms
MicroRNA
RT-qPCR
2019
05
01
1421
1426
https://journal.waocp.org/article_83332_107ca72acaca4df2d000ddd5a7d34229.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Using Google Trends Data to Study Public Interest in Breast Cancer Screening in Malaysia
Mazlyfarina
Mohamad
Hui Sin
Kok
Objective: This study aims to investigate the public pattern in seeking breast cancer screening information inMalaysia using Google Trends. Methods: The Google Trends database was evaluated for the relative Internet searchpopularity of breast cancer and screening-related search terms from 2007 to 2018. Results: Result showed downwardtrends in breast cancer search, whereas mammogram and tomosynthesis search fluctuated consistently. A significantincrement was found during Pink October month. Breast cancer search term achieved the highest popularity in the eastcoast of Malaysia with [x2 (5, N=661) = 110.93, P<0.05], whereas mammogram attained the highest search volume incentral Malaysia [x2 (4, N=67) = 18.90, P<0.05]. The cross-correlation for breast cancer was moderate among northernMalaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak (0.3 ≤ rs ≤ 0.7). Conclusion: Public interest trend in breast cancer screening is stronglycorrelated with the breast cancer awareness campaign, Pink October. Breast cancer screening should be promoted inthe rural areas in Malaysia.
breast cancer
Mammogram
tomosynthesis
Breast Cancer Screening
Early Detection of Cancer
2019
05
01
1427
1432
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87409_1b89f4cf9da6179263bee2d7aae5f8a3.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
The Relationship between the Serum Level of Selenium and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Comparative Study in a Population of Nigerian Women
Ehiozogie
Obhielo
Michael
Ezeanochie
Oghenefegor
Olokor O
Anthony
Okonkwo
Etedafe
Gharoro
Objective: To determine the relationship between the serum level of selenium and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN). Methods: A case controlled study that compared the serum level of selenium in 45 women with CIN (cases) to45 women (age matched controls) with normal cervical cytology. Socio-demographic data and information on knownrisk factors for cervical cancer among the sample was compared between both groups using inferential statistics.Results: There was no significant difference in the mean selenium values between the cases and controls [p- 0.076,95% CI (-15.08 – 0.76)]. However, subgroup analysis showed a statistically significant difference between patientswith normal cervical cytology, CIN I, II and III (p= 0.021). In addition, there was also significant difference in theselenium level between women with normal cervical cytology and CIN III (p value = 0.016) with a significant inverselinear trend (p= 0.025). Conclusion: With increasing severity of CIN, a significant reduction in the level of seleniumin serum was observed. This reducing value of serum selenium, a surrogate marker for increased oxidative stress, maybe important factor for the development of persistent HPV infection and in particular high grade CIN III lesions. Thisobservation requires further research.
selenium
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
cancer
Nigeria
2019
05
01
1433
1436
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87380_223358481626376a3a04f4253f9f3b33.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Protecting the Privacy of Cancer Patients Using Fuzzy Association Rule Hiding
Sathiyapriya
Krishnamoorthy
Kaviya
Murugesan
Objective: Privacy protection in the medical field means the protection of individuals from being associated withundesirable conditions, diagnoses or treatments (Sensitive Attributes). The problem of knowledge discovery from healthcare data by applying data mining algorithms is inversely related to the privacy of individuals. Due to the tremendousgrowth of data in a large scale, there is a demand to protect the sensitive data accessible from medical datasets. Methods:This paper considers the problem of building privacy preserving association rule mining algorithm using the notion ofTF * IDF derived from the information retrieval domain. The highly sensitive transaction is chosen using the productof Relative Item Frequency and Condensed Frequency. Finally, sensitive fuzzy data is perturbed to hide these refinedrules. Results: It has been found that the number of non-sensitive rules lost as a side effect of hiding sensitive rule is20% less and number of ghost rules is 30% less in proposed work than in previous work using Transactional Impactfactor method. The execution time of hiding a rule is 26% lesser on an average in the proposed technique for variousvalues of minimum confidence threshold. It has been observed that the number of modifications to the original datasetafter hiding three rules were reduced by 66% in proposed method than in previous work. As the number of modificationsto original data is less the chances of generating false association is also reduced. Conclusion: In this paper, a novelmethod was presented to hide the sensitive rule in quantitative data by decreasing the support of the RHS of the rule.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is more efficient as it facilitates better rule hiding andminimizes the number of lost rules and ghost rules. Also, this approach makes minimum modifications to the dataset.
privacy preservation
fuzzification
sensitive rules
rule hiding
fuzzy Association rules
2019
05
01
1437
1443
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87832_7fcda6f2c781a3c84320f9bbb1a47b43.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Methionine Synthase Reductase-A66G and -C524T Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Prostate Cancer: A Case-Control Trial
Atefeh
Basir
Purpose: Some variations in the sequence of methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) gene can increase the risk ofvarious cancers such as prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between prostate cancerand the MTRR A66G and C524T gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using an in silico analysis. Methods:In this case-control study, 218 Iranian men, including 108 men with prostate cancer and 110 prostate cancer-free men,were enrolled. The MTRR A66G and C524T genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP. Some of the bioinformaticstools were employed for the evaluation of polymorphism on the molecular aspects of the MTRR. Results: With regardto the MTRR A66G polymorphism, the genotype AG (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.47-1.54, p= 0.6014), genotype GG (OR:0.89, 95% CI: 0.42-1.87, p= 0.7512), and allele G (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.63-1.35, p= 0.6686) were not associated withprostate cancer risk. However, the data for C524T SNP showed that the genotype CT was associated with prostatecancer risk (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.06-3.47, p= 0.0308). Further, carriers of the allele T (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.04-3.13,p= 0.0358) were associated with high risk of prostate cancer. In addition, bioinformatics analysis revealed that C524TSNP could affect some molecular aspects of the protein structure, while having no effect on the mRNA structure.Conclusion: The MTRR C524T is a genetic risk factor for prostate cancer; however, the MTRR A66G is not suggestedas a suitable biomarker for prostate cancer. To obtain more reliable results, further studies are recommended to uselarger sample sizes and investigate the effects of environmental factors.
Prostate Cancer
MTRR gene
Genetic polymorphism
PCR-RFLP
2019
05
01
1445
1451
https://journal.waocp.org/article_82725_b0fb03cf1c14337f6b926c963c197fed.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Circulating miR-20a and miR-26a as Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer
Peyman
Mohammadi Torbati
Fatemeh
Asadi
Pezhman
Fard-Esfahani
Objective: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), present in body fluids, have been considering importance as cancerbiomarkers. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether circulatory miR-20a and miR-26a can be used asdiagnostic biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: Relative expression miR-20a and miR-26a has been assessedin 40 patients with PCa and 40 non-cancerous volunteer. Sample Collection of patients was performed before and oneweek after prostatectomy. Total RNA was extracted from serum and miR-20a and miR-26a expressions were quantifiedby using Real-Time PCR method. Results: miR-20a was significantly up-regulated in pre-operation serum samples ofPCa patients compared to the serum samples of non-cancerous controls, however, in post-operation samples no significantdifferences was showed. miR-26a level was not significantly decreased in pre and post-operation serum samplescompared to the serum samples of controls. However, the expression level ratios of both miR-20a and miR-26a wereinsignificantly decreased when post-operation serum samples compared to pre-operation ones. Conclusion: Decrementof circulating miR-20a and miR-26a in patients after surgery may reflect the tumoral origin of those microRNAs andthe results may use for tumor remnant monitoring after prostatectomy.
Prostate Cancer
circulatory microRNAs
miR-20a
miR-26a
2019
05
01
1453
1456
https://journal.waocp.org/article_86823_705fc6978c66c494d8313554dc805f0d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
The New Compound of (2R, 4S)-N-(2, 5-difluorophenyl)-4- Hydroxy-1-(2, 2, 2-Trifluoroacetyl) Pyrrolidine-2-Carboxamide to Mediate the Expression of Some Apoptosis Genes by the HepG2 Cell Line
Mahnaz
Ramezani
Mahin
Ramezani
Ali
Darehkordi
Gholamhossein
Hassanshahi
Mohammad Reza
Mirzaei
Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide, for the treatment of whichvarious therapy protocols and drugs have been introduced; however, none of them has suppressed cancer tissuescompletely. New research programs have been developed on cancer and the accompanied effects of novel synthesizedcompounds on cancer cell lines. Our latest reports on the molecular basis of cancer revealed a pattern of changes ingene expression triggered in the cancer pathway. Methods: HepG2 cell lines were cultured under similar conditionsin both test and control groups. The IC50 concentration of the (2R, 4S)-N-(2, 5-difluorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-(2, 2,2-trifluoroacetyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide compound was used in the treatment group. After 48 hours from theculture, the expressional profiles of apoptosis pathway genes (84 genes) were studied using the PCR array method.Results: The findings demonstrated that the expression of some apoptosis-related genes pertaining to TNF, BCL2,IAP, and caspase families was regulated by (2R, 4S)-N-(2, 5-difluorophenyl)-4-Hydroxy-1-(2, 2, 2-Trifluoroacetyl)Pyrrolidine-2-Carboxamide. In the same vein, an alteration was observed in the expression of both pro-apoptotic andanti-apoptotic genes associated with the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathways. Conclusions: Accordingto the data obtained, the pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide compound was demonstrated to be able to regulate the apoptoticactivities of HepG2 cells by affecting both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic relevant genes.
pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide compound
HepG2 cells
apoptosis pathway
2019
05
01
1457
1462
https://journal.waocp.org/article_84293_c1d19513fbcf27346876eb29ee157d4f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
C-MYC and BCL2: Correlation between Protein Over-Expression and Gene Translocation and Impact on Outcome in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
Amrallah A
Mohammed
Hayam E
Rashed
Aziza E
Abdelrahman
Ahmed A
Obaya
Mostafa
Toam
Hanim M
Abdel Nour
Mohamed I
Abdelhamid
Fifi Mostafa
Elsayed
Background: Due to lack of availability of gene expression profiling (GEP) for most developing countries andclinicians; the immunohistochemistry (IHC) is mostly used in the clinical application. The aim of our study is to checkthe possibility of using IHC to detect MYC and BCL2 in our patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)instead of GEP to stratify them into high and low-risk groups. This will help in a proper treatment choice of subsequentimprovement in the survival outcome. Method: During the study period, 90 DLBCL patients were eligible. MYC andBCL2 evaluated by IHC and gene rearrangement by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and correlated with clinical-pathologicalfeatures and survival. Results: Through IHC, the expression of MYC, BCL2, and double expression was detectedin 35.6%, 46.7% and 30% of patients, respectively. While by RT-PCR, it was 4.53±0.74 for MYC compared with2.18±0.78 for BCL-2. Most patients with BCL2+/MYC+; double-expressor and double-hit lymphomas (DEL andDHL) had high stage (III, IV), more extra-nodal involvement, (P value <0.001) and intermediate to high InternationalPrognostic Index (IPI) risk profile (P-value <0.001). The median overall survival was 14 months and 6 months for DELand DHL, respectively. While all patients with DHL died during the follow-up period, the median PFS were only 2months for DEL. There was a statistically significant correlation between mRNA of MYC and BCL2 with their proteinexpression (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our results confirmed the unique characters and poor outcome associated withDEL and DHL mandated the need for more intense therapy and not the standard protocol. Moreover, the significantcorrelation between protein overexpression and gene rearrangement may open the door for the possibility to use IHCinstead of RT-PCR in developing countries.
Keyword: Double expressor lymphoma
Double hit lymphoma
immunohistochemistry
Myc
BCL2
2019
05
01
1463
1470
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87870_09b8cf89526f0321d498a48002600378.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Bacterial Spectrum and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutropenia
Hassan Ali
Vahedian-Ardakani
Mansour
Moghimi
Mohammad
Shayestehpour
Masoud
Doosti
Nakisa
Amid
Background: Bacterial bloodstream infections are one of the most common complications in cancer patients undertreatment. Bacteremia in these patients is a medical crisis that needs antibiotic treatment. The aim of this study wasto determine bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial resistance pattern in febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Methods:In this prospective study, 212 cancer patients with febrile neutropenia who were referred to Shahid Sadoughi hospitalin Yazd from 2012 to 2015 were participated. Bacterial pathogens isolated by the BACTEC media and antimicrobialsusceptibility tests performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results:The mean age of patients was 43.5 ± 24.98 years old. Out of 212 participants, 62.3℅ (132/212) were suffering fromhematologic malignancies, and 37.7℅ (80/212) had solid tumors. Gram-negative bacteria were the predominantmicroorganisms (84.9℅). E.coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen (38.68 %), followed by Klebsiella(14.15℅) and Acinetobacter species (11.32℅). In addition, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common isolatedGram-positive bacteria (8.5℅). Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to ciprofloxacin with a response range of 53.7%to 100%. The majority of E.coli isolates were sensitive to ceftazidime (87.8℅) and were resistance to Co-trimoxazole(15.8℅). Klebsiella isolates were 100% susceptible to cephalosporins, meropenem and imipenem. Conclusion: Themajority of bacterial pathogens were resistance to various antibiotics. Judicious use of antibiotic therapy can preventthe emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Antibiotic Resistance
Bacteria
cancer
febrile neutropenia
2019
05
01
1471
1474
https://journal.waocp.org/article_86824_3ebf3304ce4421573e3a972ebc03f6bc.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Clinical Studies Investigating the Use of Leuprorelin in Breast Cancer Patients from Asia
Wonshik
Han
Hyun Jo
Youn
Leuprorelin is a synthetic analogue of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone. It is currently approvedin the United States, Europe and Asia and has indications in advanced prostate cancer, endometriosis, breast cancer andprecocious puberty. This review examined clinical trials of leuprorelin in women with breast cancer in Asia. Methods:Four studies were identified, involving 999 premenopausal females with breast cancer. Leuprorelin was administeredsubcutaneously at doses of 3.75 mg every 4 weeks, 11.25 mg every 12 weeks or 22.5 mg every 24 weeks in additionto either adjuvant chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Results: Leuprorelin was shown to preserve ovarian function,reduce symptoms of ovarian failure, the occurrence of early menopause, and the time to resumption of menses.Leuprorelin-related adverse events included hot flush, mood swings and urogenital symptoms. Conclusion: Clinicalstudies in breast cancer patients from Asia have primarily investigated the effect of leuprorelin on the protection ofovarian function in patients who receive chemotherapy, assessed the ability of leuprorelin to suppress serum estradiolto menopausal levels, or to determine the efficacy and safety of leuprorelin in daily medical practice.
Breast Neoplasms
menopause
premenopause
leuprolide
Fertility
2019
05
01
1475
1479
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87382_2c5413556b607f524378ff68ab353c0e.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Inconsistent Mammography Perceptions and Practice among Women of Over 40 Years in Iran
Fatemeh
Pourhaji
Fazlollah
Ghofranipour
Objective: This paper aims to report the relationship between perceptions of mammography and screening practices.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between May and September 2017, involving 400 women of over40 years old, who was referred to as urban health centers in Tehran, Iran. The subjects were selected by multi-stagecluster sampling. Women with inconsistent mammography perceptions and practices were identified the Pros and Consof mammography behavior for perceptions and Transtheoretical model (TTM) stage of adoption for prior and intendedscreening practices. The research instrument included a self-administered questionnaire and data were analyzed usingdescriptive statistics and measures of central tendency, and the chi-square, T-tests, and correlation regression analysis.Results: The average age participant was 45.6±5.4. Consistent with the TTM and pros and cons of mammography,women in action tended to have more positive perceptions of mammography than women in pre-contemplation orcontemplation (mean decisional balance: action= 16.8; SD, 1.4; contemplation=1.8; SD, 0.48; precontemplation= SD,1.4;0.56; p<0.001). Conclusion: results of the current study indicate there are inconsistent mammography perceptionsand practice among women in Iran, then we recommend that future intervention, consider setting factors in additionto standard perceptions focused counseling.
Keywords: Mammography
Screening
Transtheoretical model
2019
05
01
1481
1485
https://journal.waocp.org/article_84295_34576d1ed8b6a2eb0a55ab54af1ff11c.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Assessment of Unmet Supportive Care Needs in Haematological Cancer Survivors
Theocharis I
Konstantinidis
Maria
Spinthouri
Anastasia
Ramoutsaki
Ariadni
Marnelou
Georgios
Kritsotakis
Ourania
Govina
Background: Health needs assessment is crucial for the provision of individualized nursing care. However, manypatients report a significant number of unmet needs. The aim of the present study was the assessment of self-reportedunmet supportive care needs among haematological cancer survivors in Greece. Methods: 102 patients (mean age 66.2years old) diagnosed with haematological cancer were included in a cross-sectional study, conducted in two major Greekpublic hospitals, between October and December 2016. Patients’ needs were assessed using the ‘Needs EvaluationQuestionnaire’ (NEQ). Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software forWindows. Alfa-level (p-value) selected was 5%, bootstrap techniques were used for 95% CI estimation, χ2 was used fordifferentiation control and Kuder-Richardson coefficient for reliability score assessment (ρ = 0.922). Results: Patientsreported higher needs levels “to receive less commiseration from other people” (48%), “more information about myfuture condition” (44.1%) and “to feel more useful within my family” (42.2%). In contrast, patients reported lowerlevels to the needs “to speak with a spiritual advisor” (11.8%), “to have more help with eating, dressing and going tothe bathroom” (13.7%) and “better attention from nurses” (18.6%). The mean score of satisfied patients (≥8/10) was8.9 (SD 1.7). Associations between socio-demographic, hospitalization data and unmet needs groups were identified.The less satisfied patients (<8/10) reported more informational needs about their diagnosis and their future condition(p-value=0.002), about their exams and treatments (p-value=0.001), communicative (p-value <0.001), assistanceand treatment (p-value<0.001) and hospital infrastructure (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Various factors seem to beassociated to the prevalent unmet care needs among haematological cancer patients. Establishing NEQ as a routineneeds assessment tool could aid health professionals to early identify patients’ needs in a busy clinical setting andimplement more individualized and patient-centered quality care.
haematological cancer
needs evaluation questionnaire
Unmet needs
supportive interventions
satisfaction with care
2019
05
01
1487
1495
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87872_ba2ac0888d75cb1ad685567aa6b1dd03.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Frailty Syndrome in Biliary Tract Cancer Patients: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Panita
Limpawattana
Kosin
Wirasorn
Aumkhae
Sookprasert
Kittisak
Sawanyawisuth
Attapol
Titapun
Vor
Luvira
Narong
Khuntikeo
Jarin
Chindaprasirt
Background: Frailty, a risk of unfavorable outcomes from disability to adapt to stressors, is common in the elderlybut could occur in younger patients with cancer. This study focused on the prevalence of frailty in biliary tract cancer(BTC) and associated factors. Methods: A total of 75 BTC patients receiving chemotherapy from January 2016 toSeptember 2017 were enrolled. Frailty was diagnosed by the FRAIL (Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, andLoss of weight) scale. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to analyze factors associated withfrailty. Results: The prevalence rates of frailty and pre-frailty were 12% (9 cases) and 60% (45 cases). According tomultivariate logistic analysis, three factors were associated with frailty, including old age, high body mass index (BMI),and history of liver surgery. The adjusted odds ratios of the factors were 1.12 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.24), 1.28 (95%CI: 1.01,1.64), and 6.16 (95%CI: 1.11, 34.16), respectively. Conclusion: Frailty is not uncommon in BTC patients. Old age,high BMI, and history of liver surgery are important risk factors for frailty.
FRAIL scale
cholangiocarcinoma
Prevalence
Pre-frail
2019
05
01
1497
1501
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87410_f8ec45581ed260d78ff71f2c051e7ff8.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
The Relation between Polymorphisms in Exon 5 and Exon 6 of GSTP1 Gene and the Risk of Lung Cancer in Iranian People
Gholamreza
Shahsavari
Ali
Amiri
Masoud
Shamaei
Glavizh
Adibhesami
Amirnader
Emami Razavi
Mehdi
Birjandi
Mihan
Pourabdollah
Objective: The GSTP1 gene, which is located on chromosome 11q13, consists of 7 exons and 6 introns. Thereare two polymorphisms in GSTP1 that have been exposed to a transposition for codon 105 (Ile/Val) and 114 (Ala/Val)in exons 5 and 6, which have been studied previously in relation to lung cancer. Since the level of GSTP1 expressionin lung tissues and other human epithelial tissues is high, GSTP1Val-105 polymorphism is recognized as a sensitivefactor for tobacco-related cancers, especially lung cancer. Methods: One hundred and twenty tissue block samplesof patients with lung cancers and 120 peripheral blood samples of the control group were obtained from two referralcancer centers in Tehran, Iran, from 2011 to 2016. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissue blocks and buffy coat ofstudy cases to detect SNP of GSTP1 gene using Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR. Results: There was a notable correlationbetween the incidence of lung cancer and variant Val105 (P-value=0.001; OR=2/6; 95% CI=1.49-4.53) and Ile105(P-value=0.003; OR=0.41; 95% CI=0.23-0.73). The odds ratio for lung cancer in the homozygous Ile105/Ile105genotype was 3.56 times higher than that of individual with heterozygous Ile105/Val105 (P-value<0.001; OR=3/56;95% CI=1.826-6.934) genotype, that was statistically significant. Furthermore, the results showed that there was nosignificant correlation between Ala114/Val114 genotypes and lung cancer. The BC (P-value=0.007; OR=0.16; 95%CI=0.04-0.61) and AA (P=0.001) genotypes were statistically significant (P-value <0.05); and for those who had AAgenotype, the odds ratio was almost six times higher than those with BC genotype. Conclusions: The study of GSTP1polymorphisms indicated that unlike the polymorphism in exon 5, the GSTP1 exon 6 polymorphism correlated withthe lung cancer risk in the select group of Iranian people. Likewise, the potential use of this genetic polymorphism asa lung cancer predictor is confirmed.
Glutathione S-transferase Pi
lung neoplasms
Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
ARMS-PCR
2019
05
01
1503
1509
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87422_1be2264372e1a91333b82d01bd8846b2.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
The Effect of P-Glycoprotein (P-gp), Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (Nf-κb), and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH-1) Expression on Metastases, Recurrence and Survival in Advanced Breast Cancer Patients
Yan Wisnu
Prajoko
Teguh
Aryandono
Objective: To investigate the level of three drug resistance proteins; P-glycoprotein 1 (P-gp), nuclear factorkappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and aldehyde dehydrogenase isoform 1 (ALDH1) expressionand their relationship to metastasis, recurrence and survival in advanced breast cancer patients that received neoadjuvantchemotherapy. Methods: This study is a combination of prospective and retrospective cohort study involving onehundred and thirty one cases of advanced stage invasive breast cancer that have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Initial biopsy specimens (incisional biopsy or core biopsy) were taken from paraffin blocks. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was used to detect P-gp, NF-κB, and ALDH1 expression. Prospectively analysed patients were followed for fiveyears and evaluated for recurrence and death. Results: The expression of P-gp has no significant statistical correlationto metastases (p = 0.659), recurrence (p = 0.862) and survival (p = 0.835) in advanced stage breast cancer patientswho received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Similarly, ALDH1 was not correlated to metastases (p=0.120), recurrence(p = 0.186) and survival (p = 0.254) statistically. We found that NF-κB expression showed a significant correlation tometastases (p=0.004), recurrence (p = 0.016) and overall survival (p = 0.041) in advanced stage breast cancer patientsafter neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: NF-κB expression is a potential marker that can be used to assess orto predict increasing risk of metastases, recurrence and survival in advanced stage breast cancer patients who receiveneoadjuvant chemotherapy.
breast cancer
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
P-gp
NF-κB
ALDH1
2019
05
01
1511
1518
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87367_651946378e4f9717c3b81687ec415017.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Does Salvage Chemotherapy Regimen Intensity Embark on Clearance of Bone Marrow Neuroblastoma?
Mohamed
Fawzy
Asmaa
Hamoda
Ahmed
Elhemaly
Naglaa
Elkinaai
Sonya
Soliman
Hala
Reda
Salma
Elmenawi
Emad
Moussa
Introduction: Neuroblastoma (NBL) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. It accounts for 15%of the deaths from cancer in the pediatric age group. Approximately half of the newly diagnosed children are at “highrisk” (HR) of treatment failure. This study aim was to evaluate the impact of salvage chemotherapy ICE (ifosfamide,carboplatin, and etoposide) versus TC (topotecan/cyclophosphamide) when administered to NBL HR patients havingresidual bone marrow disease after primary tumor control on the first line treatment regimen. Materials and Methods:The present retrospective study included two groups of eligible stage 4 NBL patients with persistent bone marrowdisease. Group (1), 29 patients, received ICE whereas less intensive TC was administered to Group (2), 32 patients.Data analysis included epidemiological variables, pathology subtype, MYCN gene status, primary tumor responseand their correlation with bone marrow disease clearance on each regimen. Results: A higher tendency of completebone marrow clearance was reported in patients who received ICE compared to TC; 41.4% versus 25.0%, respectively.However, the difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.174). Conclusion: TC regimen appears to be a goodalternative to ICE as salvage treatment in an attempt to clear NBL bone marrow residual, with the privilege of beingless toxic and can be given on outpatient basis. Further randomized trials of larger study sample size with survivalimpact analysis are warranted.
neuroblastoma
refractory bone marrow
ICE
Topotecan/Cyclophosphamide
2019
05
01
1519
1524
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87381_8a2aa85cb3397932b7695238331a4cf3.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
High Efficacy of Rapid Urine Test for Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Thai People
Natsuda
Aumpan
Ratha-Korn
Vilaichone
Peranart
Chotivitayatarakorn
Bubpha
Pornthisarn
Soonthorn
Chonprasertsuk
Patommatat
Bhanthumkomol
Amornnivit
Kanokwanvimol
Sith
Siramolpiwat
Varocha
Mahachai
Background: Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection plays an important role in furthereffective treatment. Rapid urine test (RAPIRUN) is a test developed for qualitative detection of urine H. Pylori antibodyand use for determine the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. However, the test needs validation in Thai populationbefore using in clinical practice. Objective: This study aimed to compare performance of different diagnostic testson H. pylori detection in Thai population. Methods: Total of 94 patients with dyspepsia who referred to ThammasatUniversity Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand, between December 2012 and April 2013 were enrolled in this study. Allpatients underwent gastroscopy. Then, 3 biopsies at antrum were taken for H. pylori diagnosis. including rapid ureasetest (Pronto Dry, Eisai, Thailand), H. pylori culture, and histopathology. Urine samples were also collected at the sametime for rapid urine test (RAPIRUN H. pylori Antibody, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). Patients were diagnosed withH. pylori-positive if their culture or rapid urease tests plus histopathology yielded positive results. Results: Total of 29patients (30.9%) were infected with H. pylori. Prevalence of H. pylori infection by rapid urease test, histopathology,culture and rapid urine test were 25.5%, 28.7%, 29.8%, and 32.9% respectively. We observed that rapid urease test,histopathology, culture, and rapid urine test had sensitivity of 82.8%, 93.1%, 93.1% and 86.2%; specificity of 100%,100%, 100%, and 90.8%; and accuracy of 95.7%, 97.9%, 97.9%, and 89.4%, respectively. Conclusion: Rapid urine test(RAPIRUN) provided a reliable result for diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Furthermore, this rapid urine test demonstratedhigh accuracy, reliable, safe handle and easy to use. We suggested rapid urine test for diagnosis of H. pylori infectionin Thai population since we found it less invasive and with higher reliable efficacy.
Rapid urine test
Helicobacter pylori
Thailand
2019
05
01
1525
1529
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87373_405d757f323d01e1f1ead790e6ca6826.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Oral Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices among Primary Oral Health Care Dentists in Kuwait
Huda
Nazar
Maddi
Shyama
Jitendra
Ariga
Mohamed
El-Salhy
Pramod
Soparkar
Aishah
Alsumait
Background: Oral cancer signifies a public health concern of international importance. Early detection of oral cancercan improve the prognosis and the 5-year survival rate. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of oralcancer knowledge, opinion, attitudes and practices among dentists working at the primary oral health care centers inKuwait. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, self-reported questionnaire was distributed to the dentists working atthe primary oral health care centers in Kuwait. A total of 289 dentists participated in the present study. The questionnaireincluded 23- questions on oral cancer knowledge, opinion, attitudes and practices. Results: The mean age of the dentistswas 35.2 ± 10.9 years. Approximately, all dentists (99.7%) were aware of the major risk factors that were most likelyassociated with oral cancer. Overall, majority of the participants knew the most common form of oral cancer (80.6%),most common site (80.3%) and the likely lesions associated with oral cancer occurrence (87.9%). A large number ofdental practitioners (81%) would routinely refer a patient with a suspicious lesion to a specialist. Nearly one-third (32%)reviewed their patients’ oral cancer risk factors. Approximately two-thirds (62%) assessed the use of tobacco in theirpractice. Almost, all (92.4%) were interested in attending continuing education courses on oral cancer. Conclusions:Majority of the participants presented good knowledge about various aspects of oral cancer. More continuing educationprograms on risk factors and diagnosis of oral cancer should be organized to train the dentists. Oral cancer screeningshould be a routine procedure for the high risk patients at the primary oral health care centers in Kuwait.
oral cancer
Knowledge
primary oral health care dentists
Kuwait
2019
05
01
1531
1536
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87874_80d87579fb4bb229549c43e113d827d8.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Microvessel Density (MVD) in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Syama
Krishnapriya
Basawantrao
Malipatil
Suresh
Surekha
Shirley
Sundersingh
Velusamy
Sridevi
Balasubramanian
Ananthi
Ganesarajah
Selvaluxmy
Trivadi S
Ganesan
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate microvessel density (MVD) by expression of CD31 andCLEC14A in core biopsies from previously untreated patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) and assessits prognostic significance. Methods: MVD was evaluated in core needle biopsies (n = 92), collected prior to anytreatment, from patients who were diagnosed with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Immunohistochemistry forexpression of CD31 and CLEC14A were performed on these tumours. The median duration of follow-up was 9.3 years.The effect of prognostic factors on disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed using a Log ranktest and Cox regression model. Results: The clinical factors such as age, clinical nodal stage, stage and pathologicalnodal status were found to be significant in predicting overall survival by multivariate analysis (P<0.05). Out of 92, 52tumours had blood vessels expressing CD31, whereas in the remainder, there was no expression. The mean and medianMVD of CD31 in 92 tumours was 38 and 5.5 respectively, and it was not a significant factor for predicting disease freesurvival or overall survival. When we considered the tumours (n=52) which expressed CD31, patients who had veryhigh MVD (>100), had inferior progression free survival and overall survival (P=0.5). There was no expression ofCLEC14A in any of the core needle biopsies whereas it was expressed in specimens from mastectomy from the samepatient. Conclusion: This is the first report of MVD in LABC prior to any treatment. The results suggest angiogenesiscould be a prognostic factor in LABC.
CD31
locally advanced breast cancer
microvessel density
C-type lectin 14A
2019
05
01
1537
1545
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87378_1a8abdc8354cf91139b88e37a6fe6fa1.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Medical Cost to Treat Cervical Cancer Patients at a Social Security Third Level Oncology Hospital in Mexico City
Víctor
Granados-García
Patricia
Piña-Sánchez
Nancy
Reynoso-Noveron
Yvonne N
Flores
Filiberto
Toledano-Toledano
Gloria
Estrada-Gómez
Teresa
Apresa-García
Arely A
Briseño
Background: Cervical Cancer (CC) is an important public health problem worldwide. In 2015, CC was the sixthleading cause of death for women aged 30-59 years in Mexico. Despite the importance of having high-quality andaccurate estimates of CC treatment costs that can be used to effectively evaluate the impact of preventive programs, thereis scarce information on this topic in Mexico. Objective: To estimate the treatment costs by stage diagnosis in patientswith CC at a Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) oncology hospital in Mexico City. Methods: An observationalretrospective study of the resources used to treat 346 women with CC was conducted. Medical charts were reviewed andrelevant resource use information was extracted using a data collection instrument that was created based on treatmentguidelines. Data were classified into nine cost categories to estimate the total cost per patient. Results: The mean ageof patients in the study sample was 54.3 years (range: 41-67), and the average body mass index (BMI) was >26 kg/m2.Among the participants, 37% were smokers, 39% had diabetes, and 56% had hypertension. The medical cost for stagesI-IV ranged from $4,738 to $6,058 USD, with an estimated average cost of $5,114 USD. Conclusion: Total treatmentcosts per patient are high, especially since they were estimated considering only 7.5 months of treatment. This is thefirst study to estimate the annual cost to treat CC in Mexico and to additionally document the resource pattern use, costby stage of cancer, and the distribution by cost categories.
Treatment costs
Cost analysis
Cervical cancer
Mexico
2019
05
01
1547
1554
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87868_403d900e6ddc340cb1e6c701b14704d2.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Deep Learning Based Skin Lesion Segmentation and Classification of Melanoma Using Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Seeja
R D
Suresh
A
Objective: The main objective of this study is to improve the classification performance of melanoma using deeplearning based automatic skin lesion segmentation. It can be assist medical experts on early diagnosis of melanomaon dermoscopy images. Methods: First A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based U-net algorithm is used forsegmentation process. Then extract color, texture and shape features from the segmented image using Local BinaryPattern ( LBP), Edge Histogram (EH), Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Gabor method. Finally all thefeatures extracted from these methods were fed into the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), K-NearestNeighbor (KNN) and Naïve Bayes (NB) classifiers to diagnose the skin image which is either melanoma or benignlesions. Results: Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. The Dice co-efficiency valueof 77.5% is achieved for image segmentation and SVM classifier produced 85.19% of accuracy. Conclusion: In deeplearning environment, U-Net segmentation algorithm is found to be the best method for segmentation and it helps toimprove the classification performance.
Melanoma
Deep Learning
Dermoscopy
Segmentation
Classification
2019
05
01
1555
1561
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87402_98260e432395c522b6fee7fdd22ab3e5.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Improving Nurses’ Hand-off Process on Oncology Setting Using Lean Management Principles
Omar
Ayaad
Anas
Haroun
Rawya
Yaseen
Fouad
Thiab
Khalid
Al-Rawashdeh
Iqbal
Mohammad
Mohammed
Aqtash
Saleh
Qadumi
Yazan
Altantawi
Ahmad
Nairat
Background: Patients in oncology setting are struggling with the complexed disease, and long and intensivetreatment options. This increase the need of patients for more coordination and effective hand-off between healthproviders including nurses. Aims: The main aim of this project is to improve the effectiveness of hand-off between nursesin the oncology setting using lean management principles. Methods: One group pretest-posttest quasi-experimentaldesign was conducted at King Hussain Cancer Center during quarter two to quarter four in 2017. The project wasconducted using the lean tools including root cause analysis, redesigning the hand-off process; using structured tools,and standardization of the hand-off process. Results: The finding of this project showed a significant decreasing in thehand-off duration and the incidence of events related to nursing practice deviation in post-intervention. Moreover, theresults showed that the nurse satisfaction score was improved. However, there is a little difference in patient satisfactionresults between two quarters for overall satisfaction and per each domain. Conclusion: The project approved thatthe use of structured tools, safety briefing, and standardized hand-off process play important role in improving theeffectiveness of the hand-off process.
Lean
Nurses’ Hand-off
Nurse
Oncology setting
Hand-off tools
2019
05
01
1563
1570
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87869_c195d900b3d29c9c0bac7da842314a41.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Prognostic Relevance of SFRP1 Gene Promoter Methylation in Colorectal Carcinoma
Alok
Kumar
Sunil Babu
Gosipatala
Anshuman
Pandey
Pradyumn
Singh
Background: The development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) involves many genetic and epigenetic alterations andmethylation being an important epigenetic event has been described as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. SecretedFrizzled- Related Protein 1 (SFRP1) gene regulates diverse physiological processes via the Wnt signaling. Promoterhypermethylation of SFRP1 gene is an epigenetic regulation mechanism that downregulates SFRP1 protein level in thetumor, and happens to be one of the significant events in colorectal carcinogenesis. We studied the clinicopathologicalrelationship of CRC including survival outcomes with SFRP1 gene promoter methylation. Methods: We evaluatedpromoter methylation status of SFRP1 gene by methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) in the tumor tissue in 54 casesof stage II-III CRC patients in north India. The MS-PCR result was further validated by bisulfite sequencing. Results:SFRP1 gene was methylated in 72.2% cases and un-methylated in 27.8%. We found, that SFRP1 gene methylation intumor was associated with lymph node invasion (p=0.05). The mean overall survival was 22.318 months and 45.173months respectively for patients with methylated and unmethylated SFRP1 gene (p= 0.010, log rank test), (HR = 17.313,95% CI: 2.021-148.290 P=0.009). Conclusion: Study indicates that promoter methylation of SFRP1 gene is associatedwith lymph-node metastasis and poor mean overall survival and it can be a prognostic marker in CRC.
Colorectal carcinoma
methylation specific PCR
Promoter hypermethylation
SFRP1 gene
Prognostic marker
2019
05
01
1571
1577
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87881_ce88a6a676351b16f816bfe99e262a37.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
TP53 Gene 72 Arg/Pro (rs1042522) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Contribute to Increase the Risk of B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Sudanese Population
Ameen Abdulaziz
Mohammed Basabaeen
Enaam Abdalrhman
Abdelgader
Ebtihal Ahmed
Babekir
Saadia Osman
Abdelrahim
Nada Hassan
Eltayeb
Osama Ali
Altayeb
Eman Abbass
Fadul
Abdulwali
Sabo
Ibrahim Khider
Ibrahim
Objective: This study aimed at exploring the association of TP53 72Arg/Pro polymorphism and Risk of ChronicLymphocytic Leukemia and to assess the correlation between TP53 72Arg/Pro polymorphism and clinical parameter,hematological profile and some biological prognostic markers among Sudanese patients with chronic lymphocyticleukemia. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Khartoum state, Sudan, during the period from April 2017 toApril 2018, involved 110 B-CLL patients and 80 healthy volunteers as a control group. Physical examination, CompleteBlood Count and Immunophenotype were performed in all patients to confirm the diagnosis. Clinical staging such asRai and Binet were studied. CD38 and ZAP70 were performed by Flow Cytometry. Blood samples were collected fromall participants; DNA was extracted by using ANALYTIKJENA Blood DNA Extraction Kit (Germany) and analyzedTP53 codon 72Arg/Pro Polymorphism by using AS-PCR. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version23.0 software (Chicago, IL, USA). Results: the Arg/Pro was the most frequent genotype in B-CLL patients(50%),followed by Arg/Arg (25.5%) and Pro/Pro (24.5%), whereas in healthy control group Arg/Pro was the most frequent(47.5%), followed by Arg/Arg (45%) and Pro/Pro (7.5%). Our data indicate a higher frequency of homozygous Pro/Pro in the B-CLL patients as compared to controls with an OR of 4.01 for the Pro/Pro genotype and lower frequencyof Arg/Arg genotype in CLL patients as compared to controls with an OR of .42 for the Arg/Arg genotype. Also, thePro allele showed higher risk than Arg allele (P value=0.000, OR 2.23, 95% CI=1.45-3.41). No significant associationbetween gender, clinical staging systems (Rai, Binet), biological prognostic markers (CD38 expression or ZAP70expression), and TP53 codon 72Arg/Pro polymorphisms, except Arg/Arg genotype tended to be associated with youngerage (P =0.04). Conclusion: Our data suggested that Pro/Pro genotype contribute to increased susceptibility to B-ChronicLymphocytic Leukemia risk in our population tenfold higher than those had Arg/Arg genotype
CLL
TP53 Gene
SNP
72 Arg/Pro Polymorphism
risk
2019
05
01
1579
1585
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87411_d0d8a54f228d83c439bde772f88657ad.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2019
20
5
Ionizing Radiation-inducible microRNA-21 Induces Angiogenesis by Directly Targeting PTEN
Yongchun
Zhang
Zhiying
Chen
Lingxin
Feng
Peng
Jiang
Xiumei
Li
Xiang
Wang
Background: Previous experimental studies have established that MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can function as oncogenesor tumor suppressors in the regulation of tumor biology or pathology. However, the effects of ionizing radiation (IR)on the expression levels of cellular miRNAs and their further effects on the biological behavior of tumor cells requirefurther investigation. Methods: We determined the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVEC cells afterionizing radiation (control, 0h and 24h), and the changes of miR-21, VEFG and HIF-1α levels after ionizing radiation weremeasured by Western blot (WB). The effects of miR-21 mimics and inhibitors on the protein and mRNA expression ofPTEN were determined by RT-PCT and WB. Two independent luciferase reporter plasmids were constructed to detectchanges in PTEN protein expression. Results: We found that both IR and miR-21 increase proliferation, migration andtube formation of HUVEC cells. Ionizing radiation directly targets the inhibition of PTEN expression by causing anincrease in miR-21 expression, and induces the accumulation of VEGF and HIF-1α expression in cells by the PI3K / AKTsignaling pathway. Simultaneous induction of ectopic expression of PTEN can rescue radiation-induced proliferation,migration and tube formation in tumor cells. Conclusion: miR-21 promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration bytargeting inhibition of PTEN expression, which may become a potential target for tumor therapy in the future.
MicroRNA 21
Angiogenesis
PTEN
Ionization
HIF-1α
2019
05
01
1587
1593
https://journal.waocp.org/article_87562_a8293f15a7c26cffd97f9425db60c41c.pdf