2024-03-29T10:54:10Z
https://journal.waocp.org/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=11831
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
BRAF, KRAS and PIK3CA Mutation and Sensitivity to Trastuzumab in Breast Cancer Cell Line Model
Ebubekir
Dirican
PIK3CA
breast cancer
Trastuzumab
Cell line
Biomarkers
2020
01
01
1
1
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88889_4257d4517a6c5ba8fa3482f24cb912e3.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Rho GTPases are Involved on Regulation of Cytodifferentiation of SCC-4 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line: A Preliminary Study
Nanci M
Pineiro
Anna Cecilia D M
Carneiro
Virginia O
Crema
Objective: This study evaluated the involvement of Rho GTPases proteins in the regulation of cytodifferentiation of the SCC-4 human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Methods: Cytokeratin and vimentin immunofluorescence and F-actin staining, assays were performed with control cells and Clostridium difficile 1, 2 and 4 μg/mL Toxin A (Rho GTPases inhibitor) treated SCC-4 cells on three-dimensional MatrigelTM for 24 h. Samples were analyzed by using confocal laser microscopy. Significances were p
Cytodifferentiation
oral squamous cell carcinoma
Rho GTPases
2020
01
01
3
6
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88917_ca7053d69f9fdb184dc7e9e3f24753ed.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Community- Based Approaches to Cancer Prevention in Rural Thailand Based on Experiences of Accredited Health Professionals
Kesinee
Saranrittichai
Wichai
Ussavapark
Apisit
Thamrongwarangkoon
Tiptiya
Haengsorn
Sureerat
Daoruang
Ampornpan
Teeranut
This qualitative research aimed to describe important components of community based approaches of cancer prevention from working experiences of accredited health professionals in Thai rural communities. Methods: Data were collected from 23 communities with 23 accredited health professionals as key participants using in-depth interview and focus group discussions (FGDs) in each community. Other informants were community leaders, community health volunteers and community people. Content analysis was applied for data analysis. Results: Community based approaches for cancer prevention from the experiences of accredited health professionals were composed of 2 themes: approaches for community-based cancer prevention and methods for cancer-based prevention in the community. The approaches for community-based cancer prevention was composed of 4 components: 1) primary prevention focusing on health education; 2) secondary prevention include: life style modification, vaccination, advocacy of cancer screening, early detection, and prompt refer; 3) tertiary prevention focusing on primary care, and 4) research collaboration focusing on net working. Methods for cancer-based prevention in the community were different based on types of cancer. The 3 factors determined to be associated with community based approaches for cancer prevention were: 1) primary care policy; 2) hometown workplace; and 3) health practice skill. Conclusion: Community based approaches for cancer prevention should concentrate on building a literate community involvement to empower both health care providers and residents. From our evidence, dedicated community associates health professionals have a major role to play.
Cancer Prevention
community
health service skill
health literate community
2020
01
01
7
12
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88913_d249ab08ce720682cae9918259d07eee.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Bibliographic Analysis of Oral Precancer and Cancer Research Papers from Saudi Arabia
Shankargouda
Patil
Sachin C
Sarode
Hosam Ali
Baeshen
Shilpa
Bhandi
A Thirumal
Raj
Gargi S
Sarode
Sadiq M
Sait
Amol R
Gadbail
Shailesh
Gondivkar
Objective: Oral cancer and precancers are a major public health challenge in developing countries. Researchers in Saudi Arabia have constantly been directing their efforts on oral cancer research and have their results published. Systematic analysis of such papers is the need of the hour as it will not only acknowledge the current status but will also help in framing future policies on oral cancer research in Saudi Arabia. Method: The search string “oral cancer” OR “Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma” OR “oral premalignant lesion” OR “oral precancer” OR “Oral Potentially malignant disorder” AND AFFIL (Saudi AND Arabia ) was used for retrieval of articles from Scopus database. Various tools available in Scopus database were used for analyzing the bibliometric related parameters. Results: The search revealed a total of 663 publications based on the above query. Maximum affiliations were from King Saud University (163) followed by Jazan University (109) and then King Abdulaziz University (106). A large number of international collaborations were observed, the maximum with India (176) and the USA (127). The maximum number of articles were published in the Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (34) followed by the Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice (33) and Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine (19). Conclusion: Saudi researchers are directing their efforts towards the public health menace of oral cancer. However, it was also observed that some institutions have emerged as front runners in research, whereas others are contributing significantly less. The health department should encourage and take necessary steps to increase the involvement of other institutions.
Bibliometric analysis
oral cancer
oral precancer
Saudi Arabia
Scopus
2020
01
01
13
18
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88892_75501163a92f83da2c3189ff5c1e7b8f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Comparison of 10-Day Course of Triple Therapy Versus 14-Day Course for Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection in an Indonesian Population: Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial
Ryan
Herardi
Ari Fahrial
Syam
Marcellus
Simadibrata
Siti
Setiati
Nikko
Darnindro
Murdani
Abdullah
Dadang
Makmun
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 10-day course of triple therapy versus a 14-day course in the treatment of H.pylori infection in an Indonesian population. Methods: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial was included patients, Indonesian population, with H.pylori infection conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta; Cilincing District General Hospital, Jakarta; and West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital, Mataram, during October 2016 - April 2017. Patients were randomized to be given triple therapy as Rabeprazole 20 mg, Amoxicillin 1,000 mg, and Clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily, for 14 days or 10 days plus 4 days placebo. Eradication was evaluated with UBT at least 4 weeks after completion the therapy. Results: A total of 75 patients (38 in the 14-day group and 37 in the 10-day group) were included to the study. In the intention-to-threat analysis, eradication rate was 67.6% (95% CI. 52.5%-82.6%) for the 10-day group versus 86.8% (95% CI. 76.0%-97.5%) for the 14-day group (p = 0.046), whereas per protocol analysis obtained 73.5% (95% CI. 58.6%-88.3%) for the 10-day versus 91.9% (95% CI. 84.1%-99.6%) in the 14-day group (p = 0.039). Adverse events were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: A 14-day course was more effective than 10-day course of triple therapy as first-line for eradication of H.pylori infection in an Indonesian population.
Helicobacter pylori
Duration
Triple therapy
eradication
Indonesian population
2020
01
01
19
24
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88886_b0f4aadd00f3faebaa365fc0628739fd.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Association between SNPs and Loss of Methylation Site on the CpG island of the Promoter Region of the Smoothened Gene, Potential Molecular Markers for Susceptibility to the Development of Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Brazilian Population
Augusto Monteiro de
Souza
Otávio Sérgio
Lopes
Andressa de Lima
Liberato
Paulo Junior Ribeiro de
Oliveira
Sylvia Satomi Takeno
Herrero
Agnaldo Luiz do
Nascimento
Carlos Alberto
Longui
Ivan Rodrigues de
Carvalho Filho
Leonardo Ferreira
Soares
Renally Barbosa da
Silva
Rommel Rodriguez
Burbano
Plínio
Delatorre
Eleonidas Moura
Lima
Objective: Perform genotyping of SNPs in the promoter region of the SMO gene in BCC samples from patients from northeastern Brazil, and to determine if there is an association of these SNPs of the gene in question with the susceptibility to the development of the BCC. Methods: 100 samples of paraffined tissue from patients with histopathological diagnosis of BCC and 100 control samples were analyzed for each polymorphism by a newly developed genotyping method, the Dideoxy Single Allele Specific – PCR. The software Bioestat - version 5.3 and Haploview 4.2 were used for the statistical analysis. For all tests a P-value
Basal cell carcinoma
CpG-SNPs
via Hedgehog
molecular markers e DSAPS
2020
01
01
25
29
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88924_4fdd19c21cc0d3fc660d3a24fafe500f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Translation and Validation of the Sinhala Version of the EORTC-QLQ-CR29 Questionnaire
Dakshitha P
Wickramasinghe
Praveen
Dayasena
Sanjeewa
Seneviratne
Dharmabandhu N
Samarasekera
Purpose: To validate the Sinhalese version of the EORTC QLQ-CR29 quality of life questionnaire for colorectal cancer. Method: We translated and pilot-tested (n=10) the questionnaire in Sri Lanka. We then assessed the reliability, factor structure and construct validity according to the EORTC guidelines. The testing was done in two tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka. Results: Of 110 participants, 103 (93%) returned the questionnaire, and 15 out of 20 (75%) returned the repeat-test questionnaire within a period of two weeks. Out of the original four scales three had better reliability than the original scales: urinary frequency (Cronbach α - 0.82), blood and mucus in stools (α-0.85), defaecation problems (α-0.76). The body image scale showed low reliability (α – 0.33). However, when one of the 3 items in the scale was omitted, it showed sufficient reliability (α – 0.74). Factor analysis showed good reliability for overall assessment of the two item scale for stool frequency (α – 0.82) and six item scale for defaecation problems (α – 0.76). Correlations between the subscales of CR29 and C30 questionnaires were below 0.40, except for body image, which correlated moderately (r-0.44) with emotional functioning. This confirmed satisfactory overall construct validity Conclusion: The scales for urinary frequency, blood and mucus in stools and defaecation problems which were reliable and had good validity. Body image scale failed to show sufficient reliability with the three-item scale and we suggest omitting one of the items to improve the overall reliability of the questionnaire. Construct validity was comparable to published data.
Quality of Life
colorectal cancer
Sinhala
2020
01
01
31
36
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88894_f287fe7bdabcad7acec2ffe07b2778eb.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Immunohistochemical Expression of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 in Primary and Metastatic Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Maryam
Nazar
Iram
Naz
Muhammad Khurram
Mahmood
Shoaib Naiyer
Hashmi
Objective: The aim of current study was to investigate the expression of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 in primary and metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their different histological grades. Methods: Paraffin embedded 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma (15 each of primary and cervical lymph node metastatic OSCC) were included in the study. Cyclin D1 and Ki 67 expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and compared in primary and lymph node metastasis of OSCC and their histological grades. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The mean age of patients with primary OSCC was 53.47 ±16.67 years and 61.47 ±11.94 years in patients with metastasis. Males were comparatively affected more than females with tongue as the most common site involved in both primary and metastatic tumours. The mean size of primary and metastatic tumour biopsies were 1.16 mm and 3.93 mm respectively. Comparison of the expression of Cyclin D1 in these primary and metastatic OSCC revealed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.003) whereas it was insignificant for Ki-67 (p = 0.715). Conclusion: Cyclin D1 can be a useful marker in predicting aggressive or metastatic behaviour of OSCC on premier biopsies.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Cyclin D1
Ki-67
Metastasis
2020
01
01
37
41
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88895_bf8c52b603d5427bd42d12efc5a95778.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Association between PSCA, TNF-α, PARP1 and TP53 Gene Polymorphisms and Gastric Cancer Susceptibility in the Brazilian Population
Roberto Nery
Dantas
Augusto Monteiro de
Souza
Sylvia Satomi Takeno
Herrero
Paulo
Kassab
Carlos Alberto
Malheiros
Eleonidas Moura
Lima
Objectives: To evaluate the association of allelic and genotypic frequencies of PSCA (rs2976392), TNF-α (rs1800629), PARP1 (rs1136410) and TP53 (rs368771578) SNPs with GC susceptibility in a Brazilian population. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study, which included 102 paraffin-embedded adenocarcinoma tissue samples > 5 years of obtention, with 204 alleles for each studied SNP. Other 102 healthy tissue samples were included as controls. For analysis, the genotyping method Dideoxy Single Allele-Specific – PCR was used. Statistical analysis was performed with the Bioestat software 5.3, determining Hardy-Weinberg’s equilibrium for the genotypic frequencies p-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: PSCA (rs2976392) and TNF-α (rs1800629) SNPs were associated with GC in the analyzed samples (X2=10.3/102 and p<0.001/0.00001, respectively). TNF-α (rs1800629) SNP presented also a statistically significant relationship between its genotypes and the morphological pattern (intestinal/diffuse) (p<0.032). However, PARP1 (rs1136410) and TP53 (rs368771578) SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg’s equilibrium and, therefore, were not significantly associated with GC in these samples (X2=0.73/2.89 and p<0.39/0.08). Conclusions: PSCA (rs2976392) and TNF-α (rs1800629) SNPs are potential molecular markers of susceptibility to GC development. PARP1 (rs1136410) and TP53 (rs368771578) SNPs were not associated with the risk of GC development.
Gastric cancer
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Genotyping
Molecular markers
2020
01
01
43
48
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88896_80165ba778d074040d5855e5420a59ae.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Promising Anticancer Effect of Aurisin A Against the Human Lung Cancer A549 Cell Line
Parichart
Boueroy
Thidarut
Boonmars
Somdej
Kanokmedhakul
Sorujsiri
Chareonsudjai
Ratsami
Lekphrom
Suphachira
Srichangwang
Objective: To investigate the anticancer effect of aurisin A and the underlying mechanisms of its action on the human lung cancer A549 cell line. Methods: Cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, while cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. The molecular underlying mechanisms of anti-cancer properties of aurisin A was determined by western blot analysis. Results: Aurisin A exerts its anticancer effects by inhibiting cell growth (p<0.001), increasing the proportion of cells at the G0/G1 phase (p<0.001), and decreasing the expression of cyclin D (p<0.05) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk-4) (p<0.001). Nuclear morphological changes were observed in aurisin A-treated cells, demonstrated by a dose-dependent increase in the number of apoptosis cells (p<0.001). After aurisin A treatment, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) was down-regulated (p<0.05), cleaved caspase-3 was up-regulated (p<0.05). In addition, aurisin A inhibits migration of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.001) and decreases the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (p<0.05) and phosphorylated p38 (pp38) (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results indicated that in-vitro treatment of aurisin A against this human lung cancer cell line inhibits cell proliferation and migration, and induces apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest. Aurisin A is a promising anticancer agent for use against human lung cancer.
Lung anticancer
Aurisin A
Anti-migration
cell cycle arrest
Apoptosis
2020
01
01
49
54
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88887_e5bebb81453faf82ba289d023c6b3fd8.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Trends in Cervical Cancer Mortality in Brazilian Women who are Screened and Not Screened
Adriana Cunha
Vargas
Catia
Dell Agnolo
Willian Augusto de
Melo
Fernando Castilho
Pelloso
Lander dos
Santos
Maria Dalva de Barros
Carvalho
Sandra Marisa
Pelloso
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the trend in cervical cancer (ICD C53) mortality in Brazilian regions in women who are who are screened and not screened from 1996 to 2015. Methods: An epidemiological study, of time series of mortality from cervical cancer performed in 90,856 women under 24 years old (343 women), between 25 and 64 years old (32,703 women), and over 65 years old (10,909 women). The data from this research were collected from the DATASUS, from the SIM Health Surveillance Secretariat files, captured through TABNET selecting the resident population by gender and age group and ICD 10 C53 from 1996 to 2015. Results: Among women, 43.8% were white, and 76% had less than eight years of formal education. Polynomial regression showed an increasing trend in cervical cancer mortality in Brazil for women aged 15 - 24 years (p=0.01). Between 25 - 64 and 65 years or older it remained constant, but high (p=0.07; 0.99). The Northeast region pointed a growing trend in women aged 15 to 24 (p=0.01), 25 to 64 years (p=0.01) and 65 or older (p=0.001). The Northeast presented the highest average growth per year. In the Southeast, South and Midwest regions, decreasing trends were observed despite the high rates. The Joinpoint regression showed a 95% confidence interval, and that mortality from cervical cancer in the North region increased throughout the period analyzed. an increasing trend was observed from 1996 to 1998, whereas in the Midwest region, the trend remained stable throughout the period analyzed. The Federal District presented an upward trend from 1996 to 2015. In Brazil, an upward trend was observed throughout the whole period analyzed. Conclusions: Cervical cancer mortality in younger women is becoming more predominant, in addition to the high rate observed for women aged 65 or older.
Cervical cancer
Epidemiology
female
Prevention and control
2020
01
01
55
62
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88897_271382d068c3971b00bd82d90fefe247.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Utility of PHH3 in Evaluation of Mitotic Index in Breast Carcinoma and Impact on Tumor Grade
Elham
Mirzaiian
Zahra Sadat
Tabatabaei Ghods
Seyed Mohammad
Tavangar
Binesh
Emami
Maryam
Oraie
Roya
Safyari
Hiva
Saffar
Background:Mitotic activity index is considered as the most important grading component to predict prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma. But it is believed that it is also the cause of discordance in grade estimation based on Bloom-Richardson system. Thus, reproducible methods such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) based analysis methods appears to be of great value in facilitating mitotic count. Materials and Methods: In the present study, we examined the utility of Phosphohistone H3 by IHC in various grades of breast carcinoma and compared it with traditional mitotic count by hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining and probable changes in tumor grading. Results: Total 90 cases of invasive breast carcinoma were evaluated. Mean mitotic count were 8.6 and 6.4/10HPF in IHC and HandE groups, respectively. Although , mean average count was higher by IHC method , good correlation was observed(R=0.914). Using PHH3 IHC, two out of 33 cases of grade I tumors were upgraded in to grade II and three cases of grade II were upgraded in to grade III. None of the tumors were down graded. Conclusion: Similar to some other previous studies, we found PHH3 a robust sensitive and practical marker for mitotic count in breast carcinoma. Especially it is helpful to identify the most proliferating area. However, further studies are required to confirm the superiority of this biomarker for including in grading system.
Breast carcinoma
mitosis
Phosphohistone H3
2020
01
01
63
66
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88899_647f9670b7350befe24bce2584809f99.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Clinical Significance of Cancer Stem Cell Markers CD133 and CXCR4 in Osteosarcomas
Azam
Mardani
Elmira
Gheytanchi
Seyed Hamzeh
Mousavie
Zahra
Madjd Jabari
Tina
Shooshtarizadeh
Objective: Osteosarcomas (OS) is one the most common primary bone malignancy in humans with the lungs metastasis in most cases. Metastasis and recurrence of OS is attributed to cancer stem cells (CSCs). Our study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of CD133 and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) as the frequently applied markers for CSCs in OS patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional, a total of 50 tissue samples from the patients with primary OS were immunohistochemically examined to detect the expression of CD133 and CXCR4. The associations of the relative expression and clinical significance of each marker were also evaluated. Results: High level expression of CD133 was detected in 26% of OS patient tissues. Of the 12 patients who showed lung metastasis, 5 cases showed high expression of CD133 with marginal trend correlation (P=0.06). No significant correlation was observed between CD133 expression and clinicopathological factors. Only 36% of cases showed CXCR4 expression which was not significantly correlated with gender, age, tumor size, necrosis, stage and metastasis (P>0.05). Clinically, patients with concomitant CD133/CXCR4 expression had significant association with lung metastasis (P=0.05). Conclusion: Our findings showed that concomitant expression of CSC markers CD133/CXCR4 might had a synergistic effect on the OS poor prognosis. These markers could be considered as potential therapeutic candidates of OS targeted therapy.
osteosarcoma
CD133
CXCR4
bone cancer
Prognosis
2020
01
01
67
73
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88898_2b7a06676248b3e307f2782a49f9372f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
The Relationship of Pre and Early Postnatal Risk Factors with Breast Cancer
Atieh
Akbari
Maryam
Khayamzadeh
Mohammad Esmail
Akbari
Mohammad Reza
Sohrabi
Ladan
Ajori
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in Iranian women and the fifth most common cause of cancer-related death in Iran. Risk factors in the adult life may act during fetus life and after delivery. We conducted a case–control study to find out the relation of in utero and early life exposure and risk of BC. Methods: A structured questionnaire that covered demographic criteria and BC risk factors in utero was completed for case (732 cases) and control (584 subjects) groups, matched in terms of demographic variants, reproductive issues and socioeconomic status. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed as measures of association from the logistic models. Results: Having been breast feed for more than 19-24 month (P<0.001, OR 0.03, CI 0.004-0.21) is protective and positive family history of mother (P-value= 0.009, OR 3.4) is a risk factor for BC in adult. Conclusion: There is increasing recognition that condition in utero is important for later risks in breast. Emerging evidence suggests an association between intrauterine status and women prenatal condition and their subsequent risk of developing breast cancer. this is the first Iranian study assessing prenatal factors and breast cancer risk in the EMR and it should be followed by the larger group of cases and controls in the future.
Key words: Having been breastfeed
family history
breast cancer
Iran
2020
01
01
75
79
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88912_c761551d202bd79e7d46e2cee1a7d157.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Determinants of Tobacco Use among Children of a Rural Village in India: An Exploratory Qualitative Study
Akanksha
Goyal
Ashish
Sharma
Sunita
Agarwal
Suman
Bhansali
Kumar Gaurav
Chhabra
Chaya
Chhabra
Background: Tobacco is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths. It is both a major social and health problem. According to National Sample Survey Organization of Government of India about 20 million children of ages 10-14 are estimated to be tobacco-addicted. There are grave consequences of tobacco both socially and also on health thus it is of utmost importance to understand the factors leading to its use and to plan strategies to reduce its intake. However, the health implications of this social issue in a rural context have not been explored. Aims and Objective: this study makes an attempt to explore the health and social implications of tobacco usage by the children below the age of 14 years in hamlet. Materials and Methods: The present study employed a qualitative study design. Data was collected using focus group discussion and in-depth interview of key informants. Thematic analysis for exploring the explicit and implicit meanings within the data was done. The themes which emerged were knowledge about tobacco and the various products available, children and parents’ tobacco use and habits, the health and social implication of tobacco use, reasons for tobacco use by the children. Results: It was found tobacco use by the children was very common in the community. Parent, peer pressure, sibling pressure were found to be playing important role in the initiation of tobacco habit by the child. Further illiteracy and lack of awareness was also lead to tobacco use among children. Conclusion: The study identifies education and awareness of parents about the ill-effects of tobacco play an important role as parents act as role model for their children, thus equal stress should be laid in improving the parental habits. Even raising the prices of tobacco products can help in controlling this habit.
Key words: Determinants
qualitative research
Tobacco
habits
2020
01
01
81
86
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88893_f528bfb96fd9262ef9d773c85f134731.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
The Micronuclei Scoring as a Biomarker for Early Detection of Genotoxic Effect of Cigarette Smoking
Asmaa M
Mohammed
Dalia F
Hussen
Hend
Rashad
Adel
Hasheesh
Objective: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the micronuclei scoring as a biomarker for early detection and screening of genotoxic effect of cigarette smoking in the peripheral blood T- lymphocytes. Methods: A total number of eligible 148 individuals have participated in the study; 78 Current smokers and 70 never smokers. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay was performed for all the participants in the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. Assessment of the smoking status of the participants was conducted through the detailed smoking history, Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) scoring, and determination of the urinary cotinine creatinine ratio (CCR). Result: A significantly higher frequency of micronuclei in the binucleated T-lymphocytes(BMNi) was identified in the smokers group as compared to the nonsmokers; OR=4.9, 95% CI=1.9-12.5), P-value=0.006. Both of the pack years and the smoking duration of the smokers could significantly predict the BMNi scoring; P-value=0.001, 0.002 respectively. Conclusion: Our results indicate the association between BMNi and cigarette smoking, suggesting that BMNi Scoring can be a useful biomarker for early detection and screening of the genotoxic effect of cigarette smoking as a primary preventive measure for various smoking induced cancers.
Cigarette smoking
micronuclei
Lymphocytes
genotoxicity
2020
01
01
87
92
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88901_fe8e02dcafddc2e82ec19018e9e095d9.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using 18F FDG PET-CT in Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Narendra
Hulikal
Sivanath Reddy
Gajjala
Teckchand
Kalawat
Silpa
Kadiyala
Radhika
Kottu
Objective: The study was aimed to find the utility of 18F FDG PET CT in assessing response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in female patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Methods: All willing women with biopsy proven LABC, following clinical evaluation underwent baseline 18F FDG PET CT along with mammosonograpy and contrast enhanced computerized chest radiography (CECT). The response was assessed clinically before each cycle of chemotherapy using RECIST criteria. Those who were progressing clinically were offered alternate chemotherapy or radiation or surgery. Clinical responders were re-evaluated with 18F FDG PET CT, mammosonogram and CT chest before surgery. The pathological response as assed with residual cancer burden score was used as gold standard. Results: Of the 30 women eligible, 26 women underwent repeat evaluation and surgery. The mean age was 49 years, 16 women were postmenopausal and 15 tumors were receptor positive. On final histopathology 15 % had completer response and 46 % were non responders. Using a cut off value of 50% of the baseline SUVmax, PET-CT had sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 64%, 75%, 75%, 65%, and 69%, respectively in differentiating pathological responders from non-responders. Conclusion: 18F FDG PET-CT predicted the response with greater accuracy than CT or clinical examination. Hence it can be used to identify non responders early in the course and alternate treatment can be offered to patients.
locally advanced breast cancer
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
clinical response
pathological response
18 F FDG PET CT
2020
01
01
93
98
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88902_c2cc4f1b5e1f3e93e0bf3796c8a6b5be.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Comparative Study on the Anticancer Drug Potential of a Lectin Purified from Aloe Vera and Aloe-Emodin
Nuriye
Akev
Eda
Candoken
Serap
Erdem Kuruca
Background: The effect of Aloctin, a lectin purified from Aloe vera leaves, and aloe emodin an anthraquinone glycoside purified from the leaves of the same plant, on several cancer cell lines was investigated. Methods: Aloctin was isolated from A. vera leaf skin by ammonium sulphate precipitation and CNBr-Sepharose 4B-ovalbumin affinity chromatography. Specific new ligands for Aloctin were detected as fetuin and avidin by hemagglutination inhibition tests. The cytotoxic effect of Aloctin and aloe emodin on various human cancer cell lines was tested using MTT assay. Imatinib was tested as standard positive control. The mechanism underlying was tested by the Annexin V-FITC/PI test, with flow cytometry. Results: The most sensitive cells to Aloctin and aloe emodin treatment, were identified as AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The effect was concentration dependent. It was shown that this effect does not occur by apoptosis or necrosis. In Aloctin-imatinib combinations studies, Aloctin significantly increased the cytotoxic effect of imatinib in a dose-dependent manner. It is expected that the results of this study will reveal important findings for the future use of A. vera lectin as well as aloe emodin in cancer research and contribution to lectin biochemistry.
Aloe
emodin
Cytotoxicity
Gastric adenocarcinoma
lectin
2020
01
01
99
106
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88921_9026a49411266f82375180d2183603d3.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Revealing the Reversal Effect of Galangal (Alpinia galanga L.) Extract Against Oxidative Stress in Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells and Normal Fibroblast Cells Intended as a Co- Chemotherapeutic and Anti-Ageing Agent
Faradiba Nur
Ahlina
Nadzifa
Nugraheni
Irfani Aura
Salsabila
Sari
Haryanti
Muhammad
Da’i
Edy
Meiyanto
Objective: This study intends to explore the potential of galangal extract as a co-chemotherapeutic agent through the analysis of its cytotoxic and migratory effects on metastatic breast cancer cells and as an anti-ageing agent through its senescence inhibitory effect on normal fibroblast cells. Methods: Galangal ethanolic extract (GE) was subjected to a cytotoxicity test with the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay alone or in combination with doxorubicin (Dox) against 4T1 cells but not in NIH-3T3 cells. Evidence of senescent cells was detected using a SA-β galactosidase based assay. In addition, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and cell cycle were measured with a flow cytometry-based assay. Meanwhile, cell migration and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression after GE treatment on 4T1 cells were measured using the scratch wound healing assay and gelatin zymography assay, respectively. The metabolomic profiles of GE were traced using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Results: GE effectively inhibited the growth of 4T1 cells with an IC50 value of 135 µg/mL and increased the cytotoxic effect of Dox at concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/mL. GE increased the number of senescent cells arrested in the G2/M phase but did not cause apoptosis. This effect is compounded by increasing intracellular levels of ROS. However, GE reduced senescence to normal in fibroblast cells (NIH 3T3 cells) under oxidative stress by Dox without any changes in the ROS level. Moreover, GE also inhibited the migration of 4T1 cells and suppressed the expression of MMP-9 induced by Dox. Conclusion: Galangal has the potential for use as a co-chemotherapeutic agent by inducing senescence in correlation with increasing intracellular ROS toward metastatic breast cancer. However, the effect of GE in decreasing the senescence phenomena toward normal fibroblast cells illustrates its potential as a promising anti-ageing agent.
Alpinia galanga
co-chemotherapeutic agent
oxidative stress
anti-ageing
2020
01
01
107
117
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88904_0bc0cc146a378e97eacbfe6bcb805936.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Comparison of Treatment Outcome between Hypofractionated Radiotherapy and Conventional Radiotherapy in Postmastectomy Breast Cancer
Chokaew
Tovanabutra
Kanyarat
Katanyoo
Pichet
Uber
Kittisak
Chomprasert
Sitthi
Sukauichai
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare Conventional fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) and Hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) in terms of treatment outcomes, such as in 5-year loco-regional recurrence free survival, disease free survival, overall survival, and distant metastatic free survival rates as well as toxicity. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data obtained from 462 breast cancer patients who received complete adjuvant radiotherapy treatment between January 2012 and December 2014. One hundred twenty eight patients received CFRT 2 Gy daily fractions at a total dose of 48-60 Gy (group 1), while 334 patients received HFRT 2.65-2.67 Gy daily for 15-19 fractions at a total dose of 39.7-47.8 Gy 9 (grup 2). Treatment outcome such as 5-year loco-regional recurrence free survival, disease free survival, overall survival, and distant metastatic free survival rates as well as toxicity were measured and compared between two groups. Results: Median follow-up was 65.7 months (ranging from 45.1 to 95.2 months). Five-year loco-regional recurrence free survival rate was 96.1% in both CFRT and HFRT groups (p=0.993). Five-year disease-free survival rate of CFRT group was higher (68.8%), but this difference was not significant (HFRT =63.5%) (p=0.396). These were complied with 5-year overall survival rate (71.9% and 64.7%, p=0.385). Five-year distant metastatic free survival rate was 85.9% in CFRT group and 79.6% in HFRT group (p=0.169). No difference was observed between two groups in terms of toxicities, including changes in chest wall appearance, skin fibrosis, brachial plexopathy, arm edema, pulmonary fibrosis, and cardiovascular events. Conclusion: The treatment outcomes of hypofractionated radiotherapy in the postmastectomy breast cancer patients is comparable to the outcomes of conventional treatment at the Chonburi Cancer Hospital as previously reported from other studies, and HFRT can be implemented in resource-limited settings
hypofractionated radiotherapy
conventional radiotherapy
postmastectomy breast cancer
2020
01
01
119
125
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88922_5dd9924a92453164d9fda3522da1debe.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Serum Levels of Interleukin-8 and Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor in Patients with Stage-I Multiple Myeloma: A Case-Control Study
Maryam
Kohsari
Mohammad-Hassan
Khadem-Ansari
Yousef
Rasmi
Hojjat
Sayyadi
Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease that needs better recognition and further research. Previous studies elucidated the interaction between myeloma cells and showed the necessity of bone marrow stromal cells for the initiation and progression of MM. Many chemokines and their receptors including interleukin-8 (IL-8) and soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) play important roles in this interaction. The main purpose of this study is evaluating the serum level of IL-8 and sIL-6R on stage-I of MM patients and healthy controls. Methods: Serum samples from 30 stage-I MM patients (13 males and 17 females) and 30 healthy subjects as controls (13 males and 17 females) were examined in this study. The protein concentrations of serum IL-8 and sIL-6R were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The mean level of IL-8 and sIL-6R were significantly elevated in stage-I MM. The mean levels of IL-8 were 1246.57±279.22 ng/ml in stage-I MM and 902.53± 294.61 ng/ml in controls (P<0.001). The mean levels of sIL-6R were 5.39±1.38 ng/ml and 4.1±1.14 ng/ml in stage-I MM and controls, respectively (P<0.001). The mean levels of IL-8 were 1342.18±193.4 ng/ml in patient females and 859± 278.2ng/ml in control females (P <0.001). The mean levels of sIL-6R were 5.21±1.55 ng/ml and 3.91±1.22 ng/ml in patient females and control females, respectively (P=0.01). The mean level of sIL-6R in patient males and control males were 5.63±1.43 ng/ml and 4.34±1.04 ng/ml, respectively (P=0.01). A significant correlation (Pearson’s correlation = 0.45, P=0.008) was observed in the population of females (patients and controls). Conclusion: The results of study suggest the possible involvement of IL-8 and the sIL-6R at stage-I MM and can better characterize the role of chemokines and their receptors in the disease process, especially in the early stages.
multiple myeloma
Interleukin-8
Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor
2020
01
01
127
132
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88903_8f0195f6dbb69767a798bfa9e5787a8d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Prevalence of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in Iranian Breast Carcinoma Patients
Morvarid
Golrokh Mofrad
Behrang
Kazeminezhad
Ebrahim
Faghihloo
Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy affecting females worldwide. Various risk factors play a role in the developing of BC. Infectious agents like viruses have been proposed for this cancer and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a widely researched candidate virus. This study detects the presence of EBV-DNA in breast cancer patients. Methods: The study was conducted on 59 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks samples of women with breast carcinoma and 11 non-neoplastic breast controls. The DNA was extracted for all the samples. Then detection of EBNA1 EBV was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: EBV was detected in 6.7% (4/59) of patients while all breast control samples were negative. All patients with positive EBV-DNA were high tumor grades (II, and III). Also, they had a low level of educations. Conclusions: According to our findings, it can be suggested that EBV may have a potential role in breast cancer development. However, this study provides substantial but not conclusive evidence for the involvement of viruses in BC disease development. Therefore, future investigations are needed to elucidate the exact role of EBV in breast cancer.
Epstein - Barr virus
breast cancer
PCR
2020
01
01
133
137
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88925_7f7261fc234bdfb77c43af68b39f5357.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Genetic Effects of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) and Its Association with Disease Progression in Breast Cancer Population of Saudi Arabia
Ibrahim Altedlawi
Albalawi
Rashid
Mir
FM
Abu Duhier
Aim: Previous studies have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) gene variants were associated with breast cancer risk. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the genetic effects of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the risk of breast cancer and its association with disease progression. Methodology: This case control study was conducted on 110 Breast cancer cases and 110 gender matched healthy controls. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) 1 (-460T>C) genotyping was performed using Amplification refractory mutation system PCR method. The vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) (-460T>C) genotypes were collated with different clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients. Results: A significant difference was observed between the genotype distribution of VEGF-A (-460T>C) among breast cancer cases and gender matched healthy controls (p=0.006). The frequencies of all three genotypes CC,CT,TT reported in the breast cancer patients and sex matched healthy controls were 4.54%, 46.36% ,49.20% and 7.27%, 64.54%, 28.18% respectively. The increased susceptibility to breast cancer disease was found to be associated with VEGF (-460T>C) CC vs TT variant in codominant inheritance model OR 2.78 (0.83-9.26) RR 1.68(1.01 to 2.81) P=0.04. A significant association was reported with VEGF (-460T>C) (CC+CT vs. TT) variant in recessive inheritance model, (OR=2.45 (95% CI= (1.40-4.29), P=0.003. Our findings indicated that VEGF (-460T>C) TT genotype is associated with an increased susceptibility to breast cancer disease. Our result indicates a potential dominant effect of VEGF (-460T>C) TT genotype on susceptibility to the breast cancer disease. Conclusion: VEGF (-460T>C) TT genotype significantly increased the risk of breast cancer. VEGF-A (-460T>C) genetic ariability was significantly associated with distant metastasis of the disease. It may be a useful as predisposing genetic marker for breast cancer .Further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm our findings.
breast cancer
Angiogenesis
vascular endothelial growth factor A
cancer susceptibility
ARMS-Amplification refractory mutation system
2020
01
01
139
145
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88915_27d5571894730f05a326faf568057847.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Efficacy and Safety of Metronomic Chemotherapy Versus Palliative Hydroxyurea in Unfit Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Multicenter, Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial
Saranya
Pongudom
Phichayut
Phinyo
Yingyong
Chinthammitr
Kanyaporn
Charoenprasert
Harutaya
Kasyanan
Klaijith
Wongyai
Jittiporn
Purattanamal
Naiyana
Panoi
Anoree
Surawong
Background: Management of unfit AML patients is a therapeutic challenge. Most hematologists tend to avoid aggressive treatment leaving patients with a choice of best supportive care. We hypothesized that metronomic chemotherapy could be an alternative treatment for unfit AML patients. Methods: A multi-center randomized controlled trial was conducted in seven university-affiliated hospitals in Thailand. Unfit AML patients were recruited and followed up from December 2014 to December 2017. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either metronomic chemotherapy or palliative hydroxyurea. Overall survival rates were compared using Cox’s proportional hazard survival analysis.Results: A total of 81 eligible patients were randomly allocated and included for ITT analysis. The OS rate was higher in group receiving metronomic chemotherapy than in group receiving palliative treatment at 6 and 12 months with borderline significance (6 months HR 0.60; 95%CI 0.36, 1.02; p-value 0.060; 12 months: HR 0.66; 95%CI 0.41, 1.08; p-value 0.097). Conclusion: Metronomic chemotherapy could prolong survival time of unfit AML patients, especially in the first 12 months after diagnosis without increasing treatment-associated adverse events.
acute myeloid leukemia
Elderly
metronomic chemotherapy
Hydroxyurea
2020
01
01
147
155
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88906_6fb14a1ca86c6ccdb3f9af90f67d4fc9.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Expression of Ki-67 and Βeta-Catenin in Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Oral Mucosal Biopsies : An Immunohistochemical Study
Bismah
Ahmad
Mohammad
Asif
Anam
Ali
Shahid
Jamal
Muhammad Zaib
Khan
Mohammad Tahir
Khadim
Objective: To examine the immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and beta-catenin in pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in oral mucosal biopsies. Methods: In this comparative cross sectional study, 70 cases of each PEH and OSCC were taken from the patients of both genders and in all age groups. Study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi from Dec 2017 to March 2019. Statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS Version 24.0. We used Chi-Squared test with p value of < 0.05 which was considered as statistically significant. Results: In the current study, 80 (57.1%) male and 60 (42.8%) female patients with the mean age of 51.69 ± 16.121 (mean ± SD) years were included. It was found that 6-25% Ki-67 labeling index was observed in all (70) PEH cases, which involved only basal layer of the epithelium. Whereas, Ki-67 labeling index was highly expressed in tumor of high grade malignancy than tumor of low grade malignancy. On the other hand, expression of membranous beta-catenin was higher in PEH and cytoplasmic beta-catenin expression was higher in OSCC. Conclusion : It is concluded that Ki-67 and beta-catenin showed significant expression in PEH and OSCC in oral mucosal biopsies especially those with intense inflammation or unoriented tissue, helping the clinicians to arrive at a final diagnosis before planning any surgical intervention.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia
beta-catenin
Ki-67
2020
01
01
157
161
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88900_c2301a7ebb226cb2ea5a30b51ff68d10.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
An Overview of Lung and Breast Cancer Using the National Cancer Database
Leigh
Deshotels
Gerard
Chaaya
Takefumi
Komiya
Introduction: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) is a clinical oncology database utilized by many researchers and clinicians internationally. We sought to investigate the various trends in data of two of the most common cancers, breast and lung, published using the NCDB. Materials and Methods: We selected a multitude of pre-determined variables for analysis. We then performed two separate literature searches using an advanced PubMed search builder, and the data was combined to determine each variables’ association with journal impact factor (IF) using both univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: A total of 191 published studies were identified. We found that a journal IF > 5 was associated with a publication year prior to 2017 (univariate analysis OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.38-5.21, p-value 0.004 and multivariate analysis OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.62-7.42, p-value 0.001) and a sample size > 10,000 (univariate analysis OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.43-7.50, p-value 0.005 and multivariate analysis OR 4.68, 95% CI 1.89-11.6, p-value 0.0008). Variables such as number of authors, region, cancer type, stage, treatment outcome and treatment incidence were not significant for an association with an IF >5. Conclusion: Based on our data, studies published after 2017 using the NCDB were associated with a lower IF. This could suggest that the quality of the NCDB data may be declining over time, or NCDB is becoming more widely used.
Lung cancer
breast cancer
National Cancer Database
national registry data
2020
01
01
163
167
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88907_a132b108d3475346fa9fef918526c87e.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Time Interval between Self-Detection of Symptoms to Treatment of Breast Cancer
Shivaraj Nallur
Somanna
Murthy
Nandagudi Srinivasa
Ramesh
Chaluvarayaswamy
Nea
Malila
Background: In India breast cancer is the number one cancer among females with an incidence rate of 25.8 per 100,000 women and mortality of 12.7 per 100,000 women. India continues to have a low 5-year survival rate of breast cancer with only 66.1% as compared to 90% in developed countries. The major reason for low survival is that patients are diagnosed with cancer at high stage. The present study attempts to delineate the time interval between self-detection of breast cancer symptoms and seeking care and to find the main reasons for delay in seeking care. Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken from October 2016 to March 2017 in a population based cancer registry (PBCR) and hospital based cancer registry (HBCR) located in south of India. Histologically confirmed breast cancer patients (N=181) were interviewed at hospital using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire. Results: The median time interval between the self-detection of breast cancer symptoms and first contact with general physician was 60 [IQR 30-180] days. The median time to diagnosis from the first contact was 30 [IQR 10 - 60] days and the overall median time span from self-detection of symptoms to treatment was 150 [IQR 95-265] days. The major reason given for not seeking medical care in time was lack of awareness in identifying the cancer symptoms both among patients and primary care providers.Conclusion: There was considerable delay from self-detection of symptoms to cancer specific primary treatment of breast cancer. We found lack of awareness among patients as well as in primary care providers to be the major concern for delay. Awareness among the target population and health care professionals would have to be improved for early diagnostics and access to care.
breast cancer
Time interval
Breast cancer symptoms
seeking cancer care
2020
01
01
169
174
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88905_369eaf6356d496ee538badec5d0f93c7.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Stenting in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: How Does It Affect the Outcomes?
Nagla
Abdel Karim
Sinan
Khaddasn
Mahmoud
Shehata
Ahmed
Mostafa
Mohamed
Magdy
Ihab
Eldessouki
Changchun
Xie
Sadia
Benzequene
Objective: Approximately 30% of lung cancer patients develop central airway obstruction (CAO) that remarkably shortens survival. There is little data about the benefits of stenting within this heterogeneous patient group. Our objective was to review their overall survival (OS) and their risk of hospitalization versus patients who did not have lesions requiring stent placement. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed charts of 171 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent bronchoscopy in the University of Cincinnati Cancer Center from the year 2011 to 2013. Twenty-five patients with advanced lung cancer were evaluated by interventional pulmonology service for endobronchial stent placement for CAO. Eight patients did not require placement of a stent and 17 had obstructive lesions that required stenting by interventional pulmonology. Results: Demographical parameters such as age and gender did not have a significant impact on the risk of hospitalization or OS of both groups of patients, however, those whose lesions did not mandate stent placement had significantly lower odds of hospitalization compared to patients with CAO requiring a stent (OR: 15.913, 95% CI: 1.211-209.068, P = 0.0352). Patients with advanced NSCLC and CAO that required stent placement had an OS of 13.9 m [3.9-19.9 m] compared to an OS of 23.9 m for patients with CAO not requiring a stent. We found out that patients with less severe CAO have lower odds of hospitalization and better OS compared to patients with CAO mandating stent placement. Conclusion: CAO patients with interventional pulmonology (IP) evaluation and management in addition, may have improved OS suggesting that IP consultation might offer both improvement in quality of life and overall survival to patients with advanced NSCLC and CAO.
Stenting
non-small cell lung cancer
Lung cancer
Central Airway Obstruction
2020
01
01
175
178
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88885_455f2bd0e12de1d7861210f1a2aca4e3.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Efficient Denoising Framework for Mammogram Images with a New Impulse Detector and Non-Local Means
Harikumar
Rajaguru
Sannasi Chakravarthy
S R
Objective: The survival rates of breast cancer are increasing as screening and diagnosis improve. The removal of noise is revealed to be a significant step for automatic - computer aided detection (CAD) of microcalcification in digital mammography. Methods: In this paper, a combined approach for eradicating impulse noise from digital mammograms is proposed. The process is achieved in two stages, detection of noise followed by filtering of noise. The detection of noise is carried out by using Modified Robust Outlyingness Ratio (mROR) trailed by an extended NL (Non-Local)-means filter for filtering mechanism. Results: According to the value of mROR, all pixels in mammogram images are divided into four distinct groups. In each cluster, many decision rules are then applied for detecting the impulse noise. Filtering is done with NL-means filter by providing a reference mammogram image. Conclusion: The comparative analysis and evaluated results are compared with some existing filters which indicate that the proposed structure outperforms the analysed result of others.
Mammogram
impulse noise
denoising framework
non-local means filter
adaptive fuzzy median filter
2020
01
01
179
183
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88888_c36124ba5a6fa66417bef653fc5646c3.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer and Socio-Demographic Factors
Magdalena
Konieczny
Elżbieta
Cipora
Katarzyna
Sygit
Andrzej
Fal
Background. Breast cancer treatment is an aggressive therapy that affects the deterioration of women’s quality of life (QOL) in many areas. Knowledge about factors that influence the assessment of the QOL is of particular importance. The aim of the study was to analyse areas of the quality of life of women with breast cancer, taking into account social and demographic factors. Methods: The research was carried included 324 women with breast cancer. The research was carried out using a diagnostic survey, the author’s questionnaire and a standardized questionnaire for measuring the QOL of women treated for breast cancer, ie the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and QLQ-QLQ module BR23. Statistical analysis uses Statistica 10.0 software. The results were considered statistically significant when the calculated probability met the inequality of p
breast cancer
Quality of Life
socio-demographic factors
2020
01
01
185
193
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88908_8f08c4fab8d57763cd360794fb381f5a.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Cytotoxicity and Synergistic Effect of Biogenically Synthesized Ternary Therapeutic Nano Conjugates Comprising Plant Active Principle, Silver and Anticancer Drug on MDA-MB-453 Breast Cancer Cell Line
Arjunan
Karuppiah
Ravikumar
Rajan
Muthiah
Ramanathan
Arumugam
Nagarajan
Drug delivery through biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in cancer treatment is exerted by smaller size entailing high surface area and synergistic effects of embedded biomolecules. In this study, prepared ternary conjugates of silver with plant active compound and anticancer drug towards reducing the dose through synergy, rendered by Electrostatic Attraction (EA) of functionalized drug on to the surface of biogenically synthesized AgNPs. The biogenic synthesis resulted in particles of nanometer range as well as serving reducing and capping agents. The cytotoxicity and synergistic effect of ternary therapeutic nano conjugates evaluated using MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells were found to be superior than Doxorubicin (Dox). Quantitative HPTLC analysis showed 57.22 % inhibition by Dox-AP-AgNPs at a concentration of 2.5 µg/mL of Andrographolide and 0.95 µg/mL of Dox validating synergistic effect of the ternary conjugate.
breast cancer
Silver nanoparticles
doxorubicin
Andrographis paniculata
Synergic effect
2020
01
01
195
204
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88909_c3c5b175ed6c5019001ce13ca076abad.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Anti-tumorigenic Effects of Emodin and Its’ Homologue BTB14431 on Vascularized Colonic Cancer in a Rat Model
Philipp
Höhn
Chris
Braumann
Maria
Freiburger
Gerold
Koplin
Wolfgang
Dubiel
Andreas Minh
Luu
Objective: New drugs for cancer treatment are being sought worldwide. Therapeutic agents derived from natural substances can provide cost-efficient options. We evaluated the effect of emodin, an active natural anthraquinone derivate, and it’s in-silico homologue the novel substance BTB14431 in vivo. Method: CC-531 colon cancer cells were implanted intraperitoneal (ip) and subcutaneous (sc) in 100 WAG/Rij rats. 28 days after tumor cell implantation, solid cancers were treated for 7 days by varying doses of BTB14431 (0.3 mg/kg body weight; 1.7 mg/kg) or emodin (2.5 mg/kg; 5 mg/kg). Treatment was applied either via an intravenous (iv) port catheter or by ip injection. Saline solution served as control. 21 days after final dose all animals were euthanized and ip tumor weight, sc tumor weight and animal body weight (bw) were determined by autopsy. Significant lower total tumor weight occurred after iv treatment with low dose BTB14431 (6.8 g; 90% confidence interval (CI) 5.3 - 8.2 g; p ≤ 0.01) and also low and high concentrations of emodin (9.4 g; CI 7.9 - 10.7 g; p ≤ 0.01 and 8.3 g; CI 7.6 - 9.3; p ≤ 0.01). Iv treatment by high dose BTB14431 did not lead to a decline in tumor weight. High dose ip treatment by emodin led to a lower overall (11.1 g; CI 10.1 – 13.8 g; p ≤ 0.01) and ip tumor weight (8.6 g; CI 6 – 10.4 g; p ≤ 0.01). Sc tumor weight was not affected. All other ip treatments did not result in changes of combined, ip or sc tumor weight. Bw decreased during iv treatment in all animals and increased after treatment was completed. Regain of bw was stronger in animals receiving low dose emodin. Conclusion: Our study shows promising anti-cancer properties of BTB14431 and supports the evidence regarding emodin as a natural antitumorigenic agent. Optimal dosing of iv emodin and especially BTB 14431 for maximal efficacy remains unclear and should be a subject of further research.
Colon cancer
emodin
BTB 14331
rat model
2020
01
01
205
210
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88920_25328a2ea849aa9283e82b69feefff32.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
The Effect of Prostate Cancer Educational Program on the level of Knowledge and Intention to Screen among Jordanian Men in Amman
Ahmad M
Saleh
Elturabi Elsayed
Ebrahim
Eid Hamed
Aldossary
Mariam Awad Mazyad
Almutairi
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of prostate cancer educational program on the level of knowledge and intention to screen for prostate cancer among Jordanian men in Amman. Methods: A quasi-experimental, with nonequivalent control group design was used. 154 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. Level of Knowledge and intention to screen were measured at baseline and at 1 month after the application of the prostate cancer educational program. Independent sample t-test was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed statistically significant change in the mean knowledge scores (8.7), p < 0.001 and the mean of intention to screen scores (3.71), p < 0.001, after 1 month from the application of the educational program in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Implementing prostate cancer educational programs help enhance knowledge and intention to screen among Jordanian men.
Prostate Cancer
Level of Knowledge
Intention to screen
2020
01
01
211
215
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88916_2b5ac3c0527d4c48974ee8368803d865.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Translation and Validation of the Breast Cancer Awareness Measurement Tool in Malaysia (B-CAM-M)
Mila Nu Nu
Htay
Michael
Donnelly
Desiree
Schliemann
Siew Yim
Loh
Maznah
Dahlui
Nor Saleha Binti
Ibrahim Tamin
Saunthari
Somasundaram
Tin Tin
Su
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Malaysia, and the incidence of 31.1 per 100,000 population is comparatively higher than other Southeast Asian countries. Diagnosis tends to occur at later stages which may be due, partly, to inadequate knowledge about warning signs and symptoms. Therefore, this study investigated the validity and reliability of a UK-developed measure in the context of assessing women’s awareness of breast cancer in Malaysia. Aims: This study aimed to translate, adapt and validate the internationally recognised Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (B-CAM) into the Malay language. Methods: The original B-CAM (Cancer Research UK) was forward and backward translated and content validation was ascertained. Face validity (n=30), test-retest reliability (n=50) and the internal consistency of the B-CAM-M (M for Malay language) were assessed in a community sample of adults (n=251) in 2018. Results: The translated B-CAM-M was validated by an expert panel. The Item-Content Validity Index ranged from .83 to 1.00. The results from the survey (n=251) indicated that the B-CAM-M was well received by Malay-speaking women across the main ethnic groups (85 Malay, 84 Chinese and 82 Indian adults). Cronbach alpha scores for the knowledge about breast cancer symptoms (0.83) and the barriers to healthcare seeking items (0.75) were high. Test-retest reliability (separated by 2-week-interval) with 50 randomly selected participants from the community survey produced intra-class correlations ranging from 0.39 to 0.69. Conclusion: The Malay-version, the B-CAM-M, is a culturally acceptable, valid and reliable assessment tool with which to measure breast cancer awareness among Malay-speaking women.
Breast cancer awareness
Malay
B-CAM-M
questionnaire validation
Cultural adaptation
2020
01
01
217
223
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88891_14922bf9667ce46965f4393ccff01dfa.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Immunohistochemical Expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PDL-1) in Colorectal carcinoma and Its Correlation with Stromal Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes
Mona
Elfishawy
Solafa Amin
Abd-ELaziz
Azza
Hegazy
Dina F
El-Yasergy
Objectives: Detection of Immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of PDL-1 by tumor cells and stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in colorectal carcinoma, to investigate the possibility of using it as a targeted therapy, as well as, correlation of this expression with the clinico-pathologic parameters of the tumors. Materials and Methods: Colorectal tissue sections were collected from 60 colectomy specimens were taken from Kasr El Ainy Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. Exclusion criteria included cases with missing data and cases who received chemotherapy or radiotherapy. IHC expression of PDL-1 was investigated in tumor cells (T) and stromal TILs separately. PDL-1 positivity was defined as PDL-1 expression on ≥ 5% of membranous positive cell staining of any intensity. Results: PDL-1 (T) expression was detected in 25% of cases and showed statistically significant correlation with higher tumor grade and right sided colon tumors (P value < 0.05). PD-L1 stromal TILs expression was detected in 38.3 % of cases. Insignificant statistical relation between Stromal TILs PDL-1 expression and the tumor extent (T) was detected (P value = 0.07), however, the expression of PDL-1 in lymphocytes was inversely proportional to the tumor extent (invasion). There were linear relation between PDL-1 expression stromal (TILs) (33.3%) and PDL-1 expression in tumor cells (28.2%) and positive lympho-vascular invasion but it was statistically insignificant (P value = 0.4 and 0.2 respectively). Despite there were no statistical relation between either PDL-1 (T) and PDL-stromal TILS and Perineural invasion (P value =1 and 0.5) but inverse relation was noticed with more PDL-1 expression in tumor cells (24.5%) and TILS (40.8%) with negative Perineural invasion. Conclusion: Our results supported PDL-1 expression in CRC by both TC and TILs, with higher expression in subset of tumors that are high grade highlighting them as candidates for anti- PD-1/PDL-1 therapy.
Colorectal carcinoma
PDL-1
CRC-PDL-1
2020
01
01
225
232
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88918_8987eb6a5f6e1314fa67c5227188d56b.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Salivary MMP-9 as a Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Komal
Smriti
Meenakshi
Ray
Tilottama
Chatterjee
Revathi-Panduranga
Shenoy
Srikanth
Gadicherla
Kalyana-Chakravarthy
Pentapati
Nasrullah
Rustaqi
Objective: To compare the salivary MMP – 9 concentration among subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), tobacco users, and control groups. Materials and methods: A total of 88 subjects were enrolled and divided into four study groups viz., OSCC (n=24), OPMD (n=20), tobacco habits (n=22), and healthy controls (n=22). All subjects gave unstimulated saliva samples for the evaluation MMP – 9 by ELISA kit. Demographic information like age, gender, type of tobacco, and duration of the habit were recorded. Results: Subjects with OSCC and OPMD had significantly higher mean MMP-9 levels than subjects with tobacco habits and control groups (P<0.001). Also, poorly differentiated OSCC group had significantly higher mean saliva MMP-9 than moderate and well-differentiated OSCC. The optimal cut-off point was 214.37 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 59% for OSCC versus the control group. The optimal cut-off point was as 205.87 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 54% for OPMD versus the control group. Conclusion: The data obtained from this study indicated that OSCC and OPMD had an increased level of salivary MMP-9. Salivary MMP-9 could be a useful, non-invasive adjunct technique in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of OSCC and OPMD.
MMP
Saliva
noninvasive
Biomarker
cancer
2020
01
01
233
238
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88910_3579d86172640e647b76a24a92b312eb.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Copper and Zinc Levels in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients versus Healthy Subjects
Vahid
Moazed
Elham
Jafari
Bita
RashidiNezhad
Behjat
Kalantari-Khandani
Ali
Nemati
Ahmad
Naghibzadeh Tahami
Foroogh
Mangeli
Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous hematological disease and certain serum factors are assumed to be involved in its pathogenesis and progression. Given this, our aim was to comparatively investigate the copper, zinc, and iron levels in MDS patients and healthy individuals. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 31 patients with MDS (according to the WHO criteria after investigating laboratory tests such as peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspiration) attending Bahonar Hospital, Kerman, Iran, and 31 healthy subjects from 2016 to 2018. The levels of copper, ceruloplasmin, zinc, ferritin, and iron were compared between the two groups. Results: Among the MDS patients, five individuals (16.13%) had low serum copper level (mean: 67.8 ± 4.35 µg/dl). Serum copper level was 111.3 ± 27.7 and 138.3 ± 26.6 in case and control groups, respectively (P = 0.0001). The serum zinc level and bone marrow iron level were also significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that because only a small proportion of the MDS patients enrolled in this study were found to have lower copper levels compared with the MDS patients population, further studies with a larger sample size and also clinical trials in MDS patients with serum zinc, and copper deficiency are recommended, and post-treatment hematological reassessment would also be beneficial to achieving more definitive results.
copper
zinc
Iron
Deficiency
Myelodysplastic syndrome
2020
01
01
239
241
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88911_3a590bbac2e6816e2a237b988dab4c85.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Genetic Polymorphisms of the Human Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and Cervical Cancer Susceptibility among Northeast Thai Women
Mayuree
Wongpratate
Wannapa
Ishida
Sophida
Phuthong
Sitakan
Natphopsuk
Takafumi
Ishida
Background: CYP1A1 is an enzyme in phase I of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily, and plays a key role in detoxification of carcinogens. Host genetic predisposition in the CYP1A1 may be associated with an increased susceptibility to cervical cancer.The study aimed to evaluate four common polymorphisms of the CYP1A1 and cervical cancer susceptibility among Northeast Thai women. Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 204 patients with squamous cell cervical cancer (SCCA) and 204 age-matched healthy controls. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes. CYP1A1 m1, m3, and m4 genotypes were detected using PCR-RFLP, whereas the CYP1A1 m2 genotype was investigated using real-time PCR. Haplotype analysis was performed using PHASE algorithm version 2.1.1. Results: CYP1A1 m3 was monomorphic. Association between the common CYP1A1 polymorphisms, m1 and m2, and cervical cancer risk was not observed (p>0.05), nor was any association found between the m1–m2–m4 haplotype and cervical cancer risk (p>0.05). Interestingly, the CA genotype of CYP1A1 m4 was observed in 30.88% of the cervical cancer patients but was absent in healthy controls. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated a possible involvement of the CYP1A1 m4 polymorphism but no other common polymorphisms (viz., m1, m2, and m3) in the risk for cervical cancer.This finding may be useful when screening for risk of cervical cancer among Northeast Thai women.
Genetic polymorphism
CYP1A1
Cervical cancer
risk
2020
01
01
243
248
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88926_068acd33daf6364c76d367c80e70722d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Comparative Study in Quality of Life between Thai Endometrial Cancer Survivors and Healthy Women in Thammasat University Hospital
Sarunya
Sivapornpan
Komsun
Suwannarurk
Kankamol
Jaisin
Junya
Pattaraarchachai
Kornkarn
Bhamarapravatana
Background: This study aimed to survey quality of life (QoL) in endometrial cancer survivors between surgery with adjuvant therapy (radiation with or without chemotherapy) and surgery alone in Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Gynecologic Oncology clinic, Thammasat University hospital, Thailand between March 2011 and May 2019. Participants were endometrial cancer cases who underwent surgical staging with or without adjuvant treatment (study) and healthy women who came to gynecologic department for annual cervical screening (control). Assessment of QoL was investigated via the structural questionnaire designed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 (Thai version). Results: During the period of the study, 94 participants who were diagnosed with endometrial cancer and underwent surgical staging were enrolled. There were 51, 43 and 51 cases in group A (surgery with adjuvant therapy), group B (surgery only) and group C (control), respectively. Control cases were participants who had comparable demographic characteristics and underwent gynecological checkup during the period of study. In part of physical functioning, group B had statistically better scores than group A. Participant in group B and C reported significantly better QoL in part of social functioning than group A. Symptom severity; appetite loss and constipation in group B was statistically less than in group A. Constipation problems in group A and C were comparable. Participants in group C had worse global health status than group A/B. Conclusion: Adjuvant treatment with either radiation or chemotherapy had negative impacts on QoL in endometrial cancer survivors. It impacted physical health, social function, appetite loss, and constipation. All endometrial cancer survivors had global health scores better than healthy peers. Thoroughly counseling to endometrial cancer survivors remains an important tool for increasing awareness of treatment complications and lowering psychological emotional stress.
Endometrial cancer
Quality of Life
cancer survivors
2020
01
01
249
254
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88890_ea3495af0362ede5c8784c2a4f8eb4ef.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Association of PON1-L55M Genetic Variation and Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Trial
Amir
Farmohammadi
Ali
Momeni
Banafshe
Bahmani
Hossein
Ghorbani
Ramin
Ramzanpour
Background: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a multifactorial antioxidant enzyme, has a defensive role against oxidative stress, which is believed to contribute to cancer development. This study aimed to investigate the association of PON1-L55M functional polymorphism with breast cancer risk. Material and methods: In the experimental study, blood samples were collected from 150 healthy women controls and 150 breast cancer subjects. The L55M genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: Our analysis showed that the genotypes distribution is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for both case and control groups. Our data revealed that there are significant associations between PON1-L55M polymorphism and breast cancer risk in homozygote (OR= 2.13, 95%CI= 1.14-4.00, p= 0.018), dominant (OR= 1.72, 95%CI= 1.07-2.76, p= 0.024), and allelic (OR= 1.55, 95%CI= 1.12-2.15, p= 0.008) models. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the PON1-L55M genetic variation could be a genetic risk factor for breast cancer risk and it could be considered as a molecular biomarker for screening of susceptible women.
breast cancer
Paraoxonase 1
Genetic polymorphism
PCR-RFLP
2020
01
01
255
258
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88923_912508b5d6ab2086be8f5b5c643fae71.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
Survival Rates and Associated Factors of Colorectal Cancer Patients in Brunei Darussalam
Elvynna
Leong
Sok King
Ong
Fadhliah
Madli
Abby
Tan
Daphne
Lai
Norwani
Basir
Noraslinah
Ramlee
Vui Heng
Chong
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in both men and women. In most Asian countries, both the incidence and mortality rates of CRC are gradually increasing. In Brunei Darussalam, CRC ranks first and second in lifetime risk among men and women respectively. This study aims to report the overall survival rates and associated factors of CRC in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: This is a retrospective study examining CRC data for the period 2007 to 2017 retrieved from a population based cancer registry in Brunei Darussalam. A total of 728 patients were included in the analysis. Kaplan Meier method was used to estimate survival rates. Univariate analysis using log-rank test was used to examine the differences in survival between groups. Multivariate analysis using Cox PH regression was used to estimate hazard of death and obtain significant predictors that influence CRC patients’ survival. Results: The median survival time for colorectal, colon and rectal cancer patients were 57.0, 85.8 and 40.0 months respectively. The overall 1-, 3- and 5- year survival rates for CRC patients were 78.0%, 57.7% and 49.6% respectively. In univariate analysis, age at diagnosis, ethnicity, cancer stage, tumour location and histology were found to have significant difference in CRC patients’ survival. In the Cox PH analysis, older age (≥70 years), cancer stage, ethnicity and other histological type were determined as associated factors of CRC patients’ survival. Conclusion: This study found the overall 5-year survival rate of CRC in Brunei Darussalam is similar to that in some Asian countries such as Singapore and Malaysia. However, more efforts need to be carried out in order to raise awareness of CRC and improve the survival of CRC patients.
colorectal cancer
Prognostic factor
survival rate
Cox PH
Brunei Darussalam
2020
01
01
259
265
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88914_3069113c0ed8ae66f5aac02e36cc7595.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2020
21
1
The Azeri Version of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30): Translation and Validation
Mahammad M
Davudov
Iraj
Harirchi
Namig
Amiraliyev
Elnara
Mehtiyeva
Zoheir
Mirzajani
Kanan
Amiraliyev
Narmin
Rustamli
Jayran
Zebardast
Ali
Montazeri
Objective: Quality of life in cancer patients has become an important outcome measure. This study aimed to translate and validate the European Cancer Research and Treatment Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) in Azerbaijan. Methods: Forward-backward procedure was applied to translate the EORTC QLQ-C30 from English into Azeri. Then a cross sectional study was conducted to validate the questionnaire in Azerbaijan. A sample of patients with confirmed diagnosis of oral cancer completed the Azeri version of the questionnaire from January 2017 to December 2018. Construct validity was assessed by performing know groups comparison and item-scale correlation matrix. Reliability was examined by estimating the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for internal consistency. Results: In all 141 patients with oral cancer participated in the study. Known groups comparison indicated that the Azeri version of EORTC QLQ-C30 well differentiated between patients who differed in the disease stage. Those with higher stage reported lower functioning and higher symptoms. In addition item-scale correlation matrix showed a good correlation between items and its own hypothesized subscales as expected (Pearson correlation coefficient ranging from 0.735-0.978). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ranged form 0.68 to 0.94 indicating acceptable results for the internal consistency of the questionnaire. Conclusion: This preliminary validation study proved that the Azeri version of EORTC QLQ-C30 is a valid measure of quality of life in cancer patients. However, studies with other cancer patients and stronger psychometric evaluations are recommended.
Quality of Life
EORTC QLQ-C30
Azerbaijan
2020
01
01
267
271
https://journal.waocp.org/article_88919_2dd35c63b6452b29beae317cc88c549b.pdf