2024-03-29T01:21:04Z
https://journal.waocp.org/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=11871
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of Ameloblastoma in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
Yoithapprabhunath
Thuckanaickenpalayam Ragunathan
Srichinthu
Keniyan Kumar
Dineshshankar
Janardhanam
Aravindhan
Ravi
Vidyalakshmi
Santhanam
Madhavan Nirmal
Ramdas
Introduction: Ameloblastoma is regarded as the second most prevalent odontogenic tumor in the light of its prevalence, clinical characteristics, greater incidence of tumor recurrence, and therapeutic challenges. The aim of this systematic review was to establish the prevalence of ameloblastoma in the Indian subcontinent and to establish a national epidemiologic profile for these lesions. Material and Methods: A systematic review was undertaken based on the PRISMA guidelines in search of epidemiologic studies concerning odontogenic tumors and ameloblastoma that are listed by PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar embracing the period from January 2010 to December 2021, to evaluate the prevalence rate in India. A total of 277 publications were retrieved, of which 27 articles were selected, based on the World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumors. Results: The affected individuals were on average in the third decade of life, with a higher male predominance. The majority of the tumors were multilocular radiolucencies in the posterior mandible, with follicular and plexiform histopathological features. The most common type of malignant lesion is ameloblastic carcinoma. Over 60% of follicular ameloblastoma recurred more frequently than the other types of ameloblastoma. The random effect model shows overall point estimate of 4.83 with 95% confidence interval (4.44 -5.26). Conclusion: The systematic study indicates a slight male predisposition to ameloblastoma, with a peak incidence in the third decade of life and the mandible as the preferred anatomical site. The solid/multicystic ameloblastoma is the most prevalent histopathologic pattern. More epidemiological research on the prevalence rate of ameloblastoma is required, particularly in India, in an effort to accurately determine the national epidemiological profile of ameloblastoma.
Ameloblastoma
Odontogenic tumor
Recurrence
Prevalence
2022
11
01
3601
3610
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90349_4123746f12686d81395c37b8e78b91b4.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Comparison of the JCAHO Scoring System and the ESAS Scoring System in Determining the Palliative Care Needs of Gynecological Cancer Patients Treated at Hasan Sadikin Hospital
Ali
Harsono
Rizna
Rumanti
Jusuf
Efendi
Yudi
Hidayat
Ruswana
Anwar
Dini
Hidayat
Gatot
Winarno
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between quality of life with the JCAHO and the ESAS scoring system, and to compare the JCAHO and the ESAS scoring system in determining the palliative care needs of gynecological cancer patients treated at RSHS. Method: The subjects of this study were all gynecological cancer patients who were treated at RSHS in May-August 2020. This study was an analytic study with a cross sectional design. The data of this study were obtained from interviews, questionnaires and patient medical records, the study was analyzed bivariate using chi square with α = 0.05. Results: The results showed that the quality of life of patients with gynecological cancer was associated with the JCAHO palliative score (p <0.05), the better the patient’s quality of life, the better the JCAHO palliative score. The quality of life of gynecological cancer patients was related to ESAS (p <0.05), the better the patient’s quality of life, the better the ESAS. There was difference between the JCAHO palliative score and the ESAS in determining the palliative care needs of gynecological cancer patients (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Quality of life has correlation with palliative scores, the lower the palliative score, the better the quality of life. This study showed significant difference between the JCAHO palliative score and the ESAS in determining the palliative care needs of gynecological cancer patients. The JCAHO palliative score measures objectively how the patient is on admission for treatment, this score not only measures the intensity of symptoms but measures the underlying disease, comorbid disease, functional status of the patient and other criteria for the patient. ESAS assesses the intensity of symptoms, the assessment of palliative care needed can change rapidly if the intensity of symptoms in patients changes.
Keywords: Gynecological cancer
Quality of Life
palliative care need
2022
11
01
3611
3616
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90350_5cd688d2afcea768a6a51dcc7bf6585d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Relationship between the Expression of BRAF V600E and Ki-67 with the Recurrence of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Wirsma
Harahap
Tofrizal
Tofrizal
Oktahermoniza
Oktahermoniza
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between BRAF V600E and Ki-67 expression with the recurrence of well-differentiated thyroid cancers. Method: The design of this study is a case-control and survival analysis. The data was taken from the thyroid cancer registry in Padang, Indonesia, where samples were taken from well-differentiated thyroid cancer patients who underwent therapy according to the protocol between 2015 and 2020. During this period, 396 well-differentiated thyroid cancer cases were obtained, of which 24 cases experienced recurrence. Of the cases that recurred, we found as many as 20 cases with complete tissue preservation documents later designated as cases. Calculating the expression of BRAF V600E and Ki-67 was performed semi-quantitatively per 100 tumor cells at random. For statistical tests, chi-square and survival analysis were performed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis using a computer program with a determined significance level of p < 0.05. Result: BRAF V600E expression was found in all cases and controls in which 85% of cases had vigorous intensity and 15% had moderate intensity. Ki-67 expression was found positive in 35% of the recurrent cases, while in control, there was no expression of Ki-67. Patients with positive Ki-67 expression had shorter median survival than patients with negative Ki-67 expression of 40 months (95% CI 35-45 months) to 60 months (95% CI 53-67 months). An association was obtained between Ki-67 expression and thyroid cancer recurrence based on disease-free survival (p<0.05) with HR 1.34 (95% CI 1.13-1.92). Conclusion: This study confirms the association between Ki-67 expression and thyroid cancer recurrence based on disease-free survival and can be used as alternative to support the significance of Ki-67 as a predictor of thyroid cancer recurrence. In addition, Ki-67 can complement other molecular markers such as the BRAF V600E, to increase its prognostic strength.
BRAF V600E
Ki-67
Recurrence
Thyroid cancer
2022
11
01
3617
3622
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90351_c82ba7042c9311e7323808b5784c1a51.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Prostate Cancer Mortality in Peru: An Update from 2003 to 2017
J
Torres-Roman
Carlos
Quispe-Vicuña
Miguel
Arce-Huamani
Carlos
Dávila-Hernandez
Bryan
Valcarcel
Jose
Martinez-Herrera
Objective: We estimated the mortality trends for prostate cancer in Peru and its geographical areas between 2003 and 2017. Material and Methods: We obtained recorded prostate cancer deaths from the Peruvian Ministry of Health Database between 2003 and 2017. Age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 men-year were computed with the direct method using the world standard SEGI population. We estimated the annual percent change (APC) using the Joinpoint regression program. Results: A total of 38,617 prostate cancer deaths were reported between 2003 and 2017, with a mortality rate ranging from 18.21 to 19.94 deaths per 100,000 men-year. Since 2006, Peru has experienced a decrease of 2.2 deaths per year, whereas the mortality rate in the coastal region has declined by 2.9% per year. The highlands and rainforest regions showed stable trends throughout the entire study period. According to provinces, only Moquegua had a significant decrease (APC: -6.0, 95%CI: -11.4, -0.2, p<0.05) from 2003 to 2017. Conclusions: Although mortality rates are decreasing, there is a high mortality burden by prostate cancer in Peru and by geographical regions, being mostly concentrated in the coastal region. The rainforest provinces deserve the most attention. Our findings suggest wide health care disparities among the different regions of Peru that need greater public health attention to reduce the burden of mortality by prostate cancer.
Prostate Cancer
Spatial clustering
mortality trends
Peru
2022
11
01
3623
3628
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90352_27826ccb239d539c4d4ec976128b77a7.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Habb-e-Asgandh Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis through Mitochondria Dysfunction in Multiple Myeloma Cells (RPMI8226)
Annu
Vashist
Nidhi
Gupta
Sana
Nafees
Alpana
Sharma
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the anti-neoplastic properties of Habb-e-Asgandh in multiple myeloma cells (RPMI8226). Methods: Multiple myeloma cells (RPMI8226) were cultured according to the ATCC’s instruction. The anti-proliferative effect of HeA was assessed by MTT assay and proliferating cellnuclear antigen (PCNA) activity. Cell cycle analysis, cellular apoptosis, and mitochondria membrane potential analysis was done by flow cytometry. Total antioxidants, migratory potential, angiogenesis and inflammatory biomarkers were also estimated after treatment of RPMI8226 with HeA. Results: LD30 and LD50 dose of HeA was 0.3mg/ml and 0.5mg/ml respectively determined by MTT assay and also confirmed by a reduced PCNA activity. Cell cycle analysis of RPMI8226 cells revealed that sub-G0/G1 phase increases upon treatment with HeA alone or in combination with lenalidomide. Annexin V-FITC/PI is used to detect early apoptosis, late apoptosis and necrotic cells and results showed that percentage of apoptotic cells increased in RPMI8226 cells after treatment with HeA. Also, HeA induces loss of mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) in MM cells in-vitro as measured by cationic JC1 dye staining. Upon treatment, the abnormal overexpression of oncogenic protein, AKT serine/threonine kinase has also been reduced. Furthermore, anti-oxidants level also increased while migratory potential, angiogenesis and inflammation decreased in multiple myeloma cell line upon treatment with HeA. Conclusion: Collectively, our results demonstrated that integrative therapy of habb-e-asgandh efficiently eliminates the need to use higher dose of lenalidomide for multiple myeloma treatment.
Habb-e-Asgandh
multiple myeloma
anti-neoplastic
mitochondria
Apoptosis
2022
11
01
3629
3639
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90353_dd1bd5c159f5f1541589b65ed490630b.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Neoadjuvant versus Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Resectable Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Anupong
Sawasdee
Monthira
Tanthanuch
Tanan
Bejrananda
Introduction: In regards to resectable muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients, contemporary guidelines recommend treatment with radical cystectomy and perioperative chemotherapy (neoadjuvant or adjuvant). In addition, the 5-year survival rate ranges from 36% to 48% in connection to T3 or T4 staged tumors or lymph node metastatic tumors. Perioperative treatment can improve overall survival, and the most robust evidence are in favor of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of perioperative chemotherapy on the survival of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who underwent radical cystectomy (RC). Methods: The medical records of ninety-four patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) that were treated with radical cystectomy and perioperative chemotherapy from 2008 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed at Songklanagarind hospital. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy groups were classified. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to predict overall survival (OS) after treatment. The survival rates for each group were estimated and compared using long-rank testing. Results: Overall, we identified 94 eligible patients of whom 20 patients (21.2%) received neoadjuvant and 74 patients (78.8%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5-year survival rate of the neoadjuvant group was 55.7%, and in regards to the adjuvant group it was 30.4%. A multivariable analysis yielded that, patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy had longer survival than those treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (p =0.039). The median survival here as log rank compares median survival. Conclusion: The overall survival of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was better than adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in regards to muscle-invasive bladder cancer. These data could support the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in MIBC prior to radical cystectomy.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Radical cystectomy
Adjuvant chemotherapy
Overall survival
Muscle Invasive Bladder cancer (MIBC)
2022
11
01
3641
3647
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90354_26e2a6d33c546c885e7c44a8776bf6e4.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
E-Cigarette Use among University Students from One University in Hanoi, Vietnam, and Associated Factors
Huong
Le
Anh
Tran
Anh
Nguyen
Thuy
Tran
Objective: Describe the use of e-cigarettes and factors associated with e-cigarette use among university students from one university in Vietnam in 2021. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 554 full-time undergraduate students recruiting for the study. Data was collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors with significant association with students’ use of e-cigarettes. Results: The study revealed that 13.2% of students were current users. Students who had e-cigarette smokers in the family (aOR=6.1, 95% CI: 2.5-15.4; p<0.001), used traditional cigarettes (aOR=23.6, 95% CI: 10.5-53.4; p<0.001), consumed alcohol (aOR=5, 95%CI: 1.6 – 15.9; p<0.01), were exposed to e-cigarette advertising (aOR=2.6; 95%CI: 1.1-5.9; p<0.01), and had inadequate knowledge about e-cigarettes (aOR=2.2; 95%CI: 1-4.7; p<0.01) were more likely to use e-cigarettes. Conclusion: This study updates the status of e-cigarette use among students in one university in Vietnam, thereby suggesting strategies to reduce the use of e-cigarettes among university students.
electronic cigarettes
vaping
University Students
Vietnam
associated factors
2022
11
01
3649
3655
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90355_4f9ee4efc9223dd23df7809525415b5a.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Evaluation of the Role of Merromoside from Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal Hydroalcoholic Extract in the Downregulation of ROS Species in Overcoming MDR in Breast Cancer
Sasikala
M
Mohan
S
Swarnakumari
S
Nagarajan
A
Purpose: The medicinal plant Ipomoea aquatica belonging to convulvulaceae family is an effective natural herb for treatment of various ailments and possesses effective anticancer activity. The aim of the work is to characterize a secondary metabolite merromoside (a resin glycoside) for anti-breast cancer activity through down regulation of ROS species. Methods: The Extract of the whole plant has been prepared by maceration method using 50%v/v ethanol in distilled water to get a hydroalcoholic extract. The phytochemical evaluation reveals that the active secondary metabolite was isolated by using column chromatographic technique. The isolated compound was evaluated for its anticancer properties through invitro method such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 Cell lines. The purity and structural characterization were done by high-performance thin layer chromatography, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Proton and13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. Results: The isolated compound (W04) from the derived extract showed Rf value of 0.79 that showed IC50 of 182.8μg/ml. The chemical structure of W04 has been confirmed as [4,5-dihydroxy-6-[5-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-6-[(24,25,26-trihydroxy-5,23-dimethyl-9-oxo-19-pentyl-2,4,8,20,22-pentaoxatricyclo[19.2.2.13,7]hexacosan-6-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] 2-methyl propanoate with the molecular weight of 979.15268. The isolated compound merromoside from hydroalcoholic extract of Ipomoea aquatica has been evaluated for anti-breast cancer properties. The down regulation of ROS species will prevent reverse signalling and angiogenesis. This indicates that merromoside will overcome MDR in breast cancer especially DOX-resistant.
Merromoside
Resin glycoside
breast cancer
MCF-7 cell lines
2022
11
01
3657
3663
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90356_e9e1866bbc9a97b3eb4a149d86d79c9c.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
TikTok – Potential Impact on the Use of Smokeless Tobacco and Betel Quid by Young People
Kalpani
Senevirathna
Kalani
Hettiarachchi
Saman
Warnakulasuriya
Ruwan
Jayasinghe
Introduction: TikTok has gained increasing popularity over the past year. The social media may affect awareness and perceptions of betel quid (BQ) and smokeless tobacco (SLT) by utilizing content generated by TikTok users. The purpose of this study is to examine how BQ and SLT are portrayed on TikTok. Methods: The 28 most viewed hashtag-based keywords were used to identify popular BQ and SLT-related videos on TikTok (n=513) from June 2018 to September 2021. Two researchers independently coded the number of likes, shares, views, user category and themes. Results: A final sample of 513 videos containing BQ and SLT that met the study criteria were included. Collectively, these videos were viewed over 725 million times, with a median ‘view’ count of 17,300 (range 152–155,000,000) and a median ‘likes’ count of 831 (range 4–2,400,000) and a median ‘share’ count of 21 (range 0–48,400). Majority of the videos showed BQ and SLT use positively i.e promoting the product (390/513; 76%) and these had more than 686 million times views. Neutral depictions of BQ and SLT use were viewed 15 million times (72/513; 14%) and negative portrayals of BQ and SLT have been viewed 193 million times (105/808; 13%). The video themes included ‘life style’ (349/513; 68.0%), ‘marketing’ (62/513; 12.09%), ‘comedy’ (44/513; 8.6%), ‘warning’ (25/513; 4.87%), ‘awareness’ (12/513; 2.3%), ‘sports and other’ (12/513; 2.3%) and social events or culture (9/513; 1.75%). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that video clips related to BQ and SLT on TikTok, a fast-growing, popular video-sharing platform among teens, which is available with no age restrictions has been viewed multiple times. Majority (76%) promoted these two products, that could be detrimental to oral health. Therefore, the age restrictions especially for the videos containing BQ and SLT is mandatory in order to reduce the potential exposure of adolescents/young adults.
TikTok
smokeless tobacco
betel quid
Social Media
teens
2022
11
01
3665
3671
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90357_a1ba68bbc4def6e4d195935415116054.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
The Impact of Educational Intervention on Junior Dentists’ Capacity to Detect Oral Mucosal Lesions and Suspect Malignant Potential
Kamis
Gaballah
Omar
Kujan
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of Continuing Education (CE) activity on junior dentists’ competency to identify oral mucosal abnormalities those suggestive of oral cancer or potentially malignant disorders. Materials and Methods: This multiphase study administered a pre-validated quiz to dental interns and junior dentists. The quiz was designed to assess the respondent’s competency to recognize different oral lesions and stratify their potential for malignancy. Invited candidates attempted the quiz and then attended an informative half-day workshop focused on identifying oral mucosal changes, diagnosing various oral lesions, and recognizing the risk factors and features that suggest the malignant potential of oral lesions. The post-intervention survey was sent to the workshop attendees by 7 months. Results: 67 out of 110 invitees attended the workshop, with an overall response rate of 60.1%. In the initial quiz, the overall accuracy of diagnosis was 55.1±9.04%. The participants correctly identified most normal variations (80.60±5.05), but less than half of the benign lesions (40.96±8.30) and potentially malignant lesions (43.62±6.02). The malignant lesions were correctly diagnosed by 55.22±3.98% of the participants. The CE intervention has improved the overall diagnostic accuracy (74.81±5.84% (p,0.015); benign to 70.18±6.68% (p,0.02), the potentially malignant lesions to 62.99±4.63% (p,0.01). Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of CE activity in improving the role of dentists in the detection of oral cancer. CE activity has remarkably enhanced the junior dentists’ ability to accurately diagnose various oral lesions and effectively stratify their malignant potential.
oral cancer
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders
continuing professional development
Education
dentists
2022
11
01
3673
3676
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90358_85ec81509d1649c5619eb0be53837c96.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Sida rhombifolia Exerts Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Human Liver Cancer HepG2 Cells in Vitro
Mohadeseh
Ahmadi
Mohammad Ali
Ebrahimzadeh
Alireza
Rafiei
Mostafa
Kardan
Mohammad Ali
Ebrahimi
Purpose: Modern research revealed that plants belonging to the Sida rhombifolia family (Malvaceae) contain biologically active compounds that make them prone to discovering and developing anticancer drugs. This study aimed to evaluate the apoptosis effects of S. rhombifolia extracts in HepG2 Cell Line was performed. Methods: The extractions were prepared, and an MTT assay was applied to evaluate its role in decreasing the viability of HepG2 and HFF cells. Phenolic compounds were analyzed using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). FlowCytometry and RT-qPCR evaluated apoptosis was performed to measure the mRNA expression of pro-and anti-apoptotic mediators. Results: The results can be summarized as EtOAc extract was more cytotoxic against the HepG2 cells (IC50= 364.3 µg/mL) compared to MeOH and HEX extracts (720.2 µg/mL) (560.4 µg/mL) with less cytotoxicity in HFF cells (353.2 µg/mL). The HPLC analysis results revealed most phenolic compounds, such as Epicatechin(1.3 mg/g). The EtOAc extract (300 μg/mL) induced 34% apoptosis in HepG2 cells. RT-qPCR data showed upregulation of the proapoptotic gene (Bax) and increased Bax/BCL-2 ratio by S. rhombifolia EtOAc extract (300 μg/mL). Conclusion: In conclusion, the EtOAc extract of S. rhombifolia is capable of inducing apoptosis in HepG2 cells through modulation of the mitochondrial pathway, which explains their antitumor activity.
Apoptosis
cancer
Cytotoxic activity
Sida rhombifolia
2022
11
01
3677
3684
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90359_a7a02a13d699e8ce91bafd2ed1154a1c.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Estimation of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction in Oral Cancer Survivors
Sandeep
Shinde
Ishana
Kadam
Sanjaykumar
Patil
Prachiti
Bhore
Anand
Gudur
Background: The Objective of this study was estimation of Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in oral cancer survivors. Methods: The hundred patients with oral cancer who had undergone radiotherapy or chemotherapy were randomly selected as per inclusion criteria. Range of motion of temporomandibular joint(TMJ), visual analogue scale (VAS), Manual muscle testing (MMT), Auscultation test, Chvostek test and swelling over orofacial muscles were used as the Outcome measures. Results: The findings of this study revealed that the Temporomandibular joint was significantly dysfunctional. The group analysis demonstrated statistically significant impairments in all the Outcome measures. VAS (p<0.0001), ROM for all four motions (p<0.0001), Manual muscle testing (p<0.0001), Provocation test (52%), Auscultation test (92%), Chvostek Test (4%), and swelling (56%) were all shown significant dysfunction of TMJ. Conclusion: This study showed that pain was increased during activity than at rest based on the findings of VAS pain rating scale. It was found that the range of motion of TMJ was significantly reduced; however muscular strength was minimally affected. Majority of survivors were tested positive for the provocation test and auscultation test and few for Chvostek test which indicated the involvement of facial nerve.
: Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
Orofacial Pain
Radiation focal myopathy
Joint stiffness
2022
11
01
3685
3691
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90360_0758f4275b361a6f6d3c667e6e585598.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Mammogram Uptake among Korean American Women in the South: Do Health Beliefs Matter?
Mi Hwa
Lee
Abby
Schwartz
Yan
Luo
Hee
Lee
Background: Breast cancer is commonly diagnosed in Korean American women (KAW), and its incidence rates continue to increase. Despite the increasing burden of breast cancer diagnosis, screening rates among KAW remain low. There is a growing body of literature on breast cancer screening behaviors in this population; however, current knowledge regarding cultural influences and KAW’s mammogram use is limited, particularly in the southern part of the United States. Using the Health Belief Model, this study examined the association of culturally embedded health beliefs and mammogram use among KAW. Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from 538 KAW recruited in North Carolina. A hierarchical binary logistic regression was conducted to examine cultural health beliefs associated with mammogram use. Findings: Preventive health orientation (OR=1.16, CI=1.02-1.32) and perceived susceptibility (OR=1.32, CI=1.10-1.58) were positively associated with having a mammogram in the past two years, while fear (OR=0.58, CI=0.36-0.94) was negatively related to getting screened in the past two years. Conclusions: The current study findings inform future intervention strategies to promote mammogram screening among KAW in sociocultural context.
Breast Cancer Screening
mammography
cultural factors
Health Belief Model
Korean Americans
2022
11
01
3693
3699
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90361_a21c8489eaf72cb87ad8ccf04cf349eb.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Regional Differences in Admissions and Treatment Outcomes for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients in Thailand
Taya
Kitiyakara
Apinya
Leerapun
Chinnavat
Sutthivana
Kittiyod
Poovorawan
Wirichada
Pan-Ngum
Ngamphol
Soonthornworasiri
Roongruedee
Chaiteerakij
Sombat
Treeprasertsuk
Kamthorn
Phaoswasdi
Pisaln
Mairiang
Chomsri
Kositchaiwat
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest cancers in Thailand. We report the stage and survival of patients who were admitted under the public universal health fund (NHSO) covering 47 million people to determine if there were regional disparities in the treatment outcomes in the country. Method: We used the 2009-2013 Nationwide Hospital Admission Data, Thailand. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were identified by the ICD10 code C22.0. Procedures were identified by ICD9-CM codes, and deaths were confirmed from the NHSO database and the national citizen registry. Thailand is divided into 6 regions and Bangkok. Hospitals were identified according to their specific reimbursement codes. Survival time started from the day of first admission and was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The statistical method used to compare regions was Chi-squared tests (Pearson, likelihood ratio, linear-by linear association and Mantel-cox). Results: There were 36,956 HCC patients admitted during the study period. The overall median survival was 36 days. 1.63% of the patients had surgery, 0.96% had radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and 5.24% had trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE). 90.24% did not have any tumor-specific therapy. The proportion of patients admitted for tumor-specific therapy vs. no tumor-specific therapy was significantly different between regions in all treatment modalities (p<0.01). Each treatment modality showed a wide range of median survival values across the regions (p<0.01). The best survival was seen in Bangkok, the South and the North (for surgery, RFA and TACE) and was often more than twice as long as the regions with the lowest survival, Central, East and West. Conclusions: There was a large previously-unreported disparity in admissions and outcomes in Thailand for different treatment modalities for HCC. Bangkok and the South had the best treatment outcomes and often had median survivals more than twice as long as those in the West and East. Public policy to reduce this disparity will need to be implemented in the future.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
liver neoplasm
survival
Surgery
Chemoembolization
2022
11
01
3701
3715
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90362_dcbce358dc99bb3d147d8b41fba328dc.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Detection of Epstein Barr Nuclear Antigen-1 (EBNA-1), Early Antigen 1F, 2R (EA-1F, EA- 2R) along with Epstein–Barr virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 (LMP1) in Breast Cancer of Northern India: An Interim Analysis
Vanshika
Shahi
Preeti
Agarwal
Sumaira
Qayoom
Vijay
Kumar
Shikha
Tewari
Shivanjali
Raghuvanshi
Uma
Singh
Madhu
Goel
Introduction: Worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is a prominent cause of death, with a disproportionately high incidence in developed countries. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been reported in up to 90% of the world’s population. Although the exact link of EBV infection and breast carcinoma is not yet determined. The present study was carried out to assess the pathological correlation of EBV infection and BC in women from Northern India. Methodology: In this prospective observational study, 130 patients with histologically proven breast carcinoma were included. After detailed histology, the paraffin block with infiltrative tumor was selected for molecular analysis and further immunohistochemistry (IHC)– EBV PCR and Epstein–Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) IHC. Results: Most of the patients were diagnosed with Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC-NOS), followed by Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma + Ductal Carcinoma in situ (IDC + DCIS). The total of 25 tissues of breast carcinoma had positive EBV PCR results (19.23%). The co-relation between the molecular and immunohistochemical results was significant in 11/25 cases that showed immunoexpression for LMP1 by IHC. Sensitivity of 44% and specificity of 100% were observed for LMP1 IHC, having a PPV value of 100% and an NPV of 88%. No significant correlation was observed between age, tumor subtype, grade, stage with respect to EBV infection; however, there was a significant association with nodal metastasis with extra nodal extension in tumors that had EBV infection. Conclusion: The present study establishes an association between LMP1 and patients with EBV positive breast cancer. The authors suggest that additional multicentric studies be conducted to strengthen the reliability and generalizability of the observations of the current study.
EBV
breast cancer
Clinico-pathological variables
LMP1
Viral oncogenesis
2022
11
01
3717
3723
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90363_d925b3fd7f3a5febff9df8829b3ff927.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Clinical Significance of Somatic Mutations in RAS/RAF/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Moroccan and North African Colorectal Cancer Patients
Soukaina
Benmokhtar
Abdelilah
Laraqui
Fatima
El Boukhrissi
Farida
Hilali
Tahar
Bajjou
Meryem
Jafari
Sara
El Zaitouni
Walid
Baba
Bouchra
El Mchichi
Hicham
Elannaz
Idriss
lahlou
Hafsa
Chahdi
Mohamed
Oukabli
Tarik
Mahfoud
Rachid
Tanz
Mohamed
Ichou
Khaled
Ennibi
Nadia
Dakka
Yassine
Sekhsokh
Background: Mutations in RAS (KRAS, NRAS) and BRAF genes are the main biomarker predicting response to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in targeted therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). Objective: Our study aims to evaluate the frequencies of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations and their possible associations with clinico-pathological features in CRC patients from Morocco. Methods: DNA was extracted from 80 FFPE samples using the QIAamp DNA FFPE-kit. RAS and BRAF mutations were assessed by pyrosequencing assays using Qiagen, KRAS Pyro®kit 24.V1, Ras-Extension Pyro®kit 24.V1 and BRAF Pyro®Kit 24.V1, respectively, and carried out in the PyroMark-Q24. Results: RAS mutations were identified in 57.5% (56.2% in KRAS, 8.8% in NRAS). In KRAS gene, exon 2 mutations accounted for 93.3% (68.9% in codon 12, 24.4% in codon 13). Within codon 12, G12D was the most prevalent mutation (37.7%), followed by G12C (13.4%), G12S (8.9%) and G12V (6.6%). Within codon 13, the most frequently observed mutation was G13D (22.3%). The mutation rates of exon 3 and 4 were 15.6% and 13.3%, respectively. In exon 3 codon 61, 2.3% patients were detected with two concurrent mutations (Q61R, Q61H), and 4.4% with three concurrent mutations (Q61R, Q61H, Q61L). In NRAS gene, the mutation rates of exon 2, 3 and 4 were 57.1%, 28.6%, and 14.3%, respectively. G13A and Q61H were the most common mutations, accounting for 42.9% and 28.5%, respectively. There were 13% patients with concurrent KRAS/NRAS mutation and 4.3% wt KRAS with NRAS mutations. No mutations were identified in BRAF gene. In both sexes, KRAS codon 12 mutations were associated with higher stage III/IV tumors. Moreover, Patients whose tumor is in the proximal colon (56.3%) are more likely to harbor KRAS mutations than those tumor located in rectum (25%). Conclusion: RAS mutations could be useful in future target anti-EGFR therapy and molecular CRC screening strategy in Morocco.
KRAS
NRAS
BRAF
colorectal cancer
Pyrosequencing
2022
11
01
3725
3733
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90364_7eaaedab66b0e621aed3e1198beee998.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
The Occurrence of Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM) and Its Predictive Factors in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Pouria
Motahhari
Alireza
Ghanadan
Majid
Mirmohammadkhani
Kamyar
Mansori
Omid
Mirmohammadkhani
Objectives: To determine the occurrence of Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM) and its predictive factors in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: This cross sectional study was concocted on 102 patients with OSCC referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran during 1997-2015. The data collection tool a checklist consisted of demographic and pathologic (lymph node involvement, differentiation, tumor size and tumor location) characteristics which extracted from patients’ medical records. To evaluate ALCAM, a new sample of tumor tissue was prepared from archive. Finally, the multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the predictive factors of ALCAM by STATA14. Results: the number (%) of men and women were 70 (68.6) and 32 (31.4%), respectively. The mean age (S.D) of participants was 61.7 (15.6) years. Of the total samples, 32 (38.2), 19 (18.6), 36 (35.3) and 8 (7.8%) samples were related to the tongue, oral mucosa, skin and lips, respectively. More than half of the tumors had good differentiation and lymph node involvement and 74.5% were ≥20 mm. Also, 79.41% of the samples were positive for the overall incidence of ALCAM. The most important predictors of the overall incidence of ALCAM were tumor size (OR: 3.46, 95% CI: 1.71 - 7.01) and tumor location (OR: 3, 95% CI: 1.03 - 8.72). Similarly, for incidence of cytoplasmic ALCAM were age (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.38 - 4.76) and location of the tumor (OR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.08 - 9.64). However, the only predictor of membranous ALCAM incidence was lymph node involvement (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.19 - 0.66). Conclusion: The results of our study suggest preliminary evidence for the potential clinical application of ALCAM as a prognostic biomarker for OSCC which may be the basis for future clinical application, however further studies are recommended.
Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM)
oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)
occurrence
predictor
Iran
2022
11
01
3735
3741
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90365_0a212c9e85188faecd0b97fa87170402.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Caregivers’ Knowledge of and Attitude towards Palliative Care in Iran
Leila
Khanali-Mojen
Mohammad
Akbari
Hadis
Ashrafizadeh
Salman
Barasteh
Samira
Beiranvand
Azam
Eshaghian-Dorcheh
Maryam
Karami
Fatemeh
Khademi
Eric L.
Krakauer
Azam
Shirinabadi Farahani
Maryam
Rassouli
Background: Addressing the palliative care needs requires clinicians to have sufficient knowledge of and positive attitudes toward palliative care. The study aimed to determine nurses’ and physicians’ knowledge of and attitudes towards palliative care in Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 on 493 physicians and nurses, selected through convenience sampling. Three online questionnaires addressing caregivers’ demographic and professional’s questionnaire, Health Care Providers’ Attitude toward PC Questionnaire, and Health Care Providers’ Knowledge of PC Questionnaire were used. The data was analyzed in SPSS using correlational and descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Results: The mean score of attitude towards palliative care was 142.03 ± 11.35 and the mean score of palliative care knowledge, 19.47 ± 2.62. Considering the regression coefficients between these two mean scores (P-value = 0.001, b = 1.304), it can be inferred that knowledge is a good predictor of attitude. In addition, the mean scores of knowledge and attitude have a significant relationship with age, female gender, holding a master’s or PhD degree, the need for formal education in the field of palliative care and the need to take a palliative care course. Conclusions: The present study showed that Iranian nurses and physicians have a moderate level of knowledge and attitude towards palliative care. It is necessary to take measures in order to improve knowledge and attitude by holding retraining courses, theoretical and clinical training sessions and relevant seminars in short term, and also by integrating related topics into nursing and medical curriculums in long term.
Knowledge
Attitude
palliative care
caregiver
Iran
2022
11
01
3743
3751
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90366_ab352eb348162b33fdbe85c857ba0bf4.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Upregulation of p16INK4A in Peripheral White Blood Cells as a Novel Screening Marker for Colorectal Carcinoma
Khin
Thin
Phonthep
Angsuwatcharakon
Steven
Edwards
Apiwat
Mutirangura
Charoenchai
Puttipanyalears
Objective: Screening of colorectal cancer (CRC) is important for the early detection. CRC is relating to aging and immuno-senescence. One such senescent marker is p16INK4A expression in immune cells. The objective of the study is to investigate the protein expression of p16INK4A in peripheral white blood cells as a screening marker for colorectal cancer. Methods: A case-control studies were conducted. Cases were patients with colorectal cancer and controls were matched with cases based on age and sex. Peripheral blood was collected from patients and controls and the protein p16INK4A was measured with immunofluorescent techniques. The p16INK4A levels from cases and controls were evaluated using ROC analysis to be used as a screening marker in CRC patients. Mean fluorescent intensity of p16INK4A of cases and controls were analyzed in CD45+, CD3+ or CD14+ cells. The p16INK4A levels of cases were also correlated with clinical data. Result: Statistically significant increased expression of p16INK4A levels were found in cases compared to controls. p16INK4A in peripheral immune cells had 78% sensitivity and 71% specificity which can possibly be used as a diagnosis tool for colorectal cancer. P16INK4A-positive cell percentage and mean florescent intensity were significantly higher in CD45+ cells, CD3 positive cells and CD14 positive cells. No significant correlation was observed with the clinical data and p16INK4A level of CRC patients. Conclusion: The significant increase of p16 INK4A expression level in peripheral immune cells represents potential for use as a CRC screening marker.
P16ink4a
immune cells
Colorectal carcinoma
Immunofluorescence
2022
11
01
3753
3761
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90367_ca302448e8575ff689671df2d8543058.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Blocking of The Prostaglandin E2 Receptor as a Therapeutic Strategy for Treatment of Breast Cancer: Promising Findings in a Mouse Model
Nahla
El-Ashmawy
Enas
EL-Zamarany
Eman
Khedr
Hend
Selim
Naglaa
Khedr
Objective: The study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of E-prostanoid receptor 1 (EP1) antagonist, SC19220, alone or in combination with the COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxob(CXB)® in mice bearing solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC). Methods: The tumors were induced in 40 female mice, which were divided randomly into four equal groups (n= 10 in each group): Tumor control, CXB, EP1 antagonist, and co-treatment. CXB (10mg/kg) and EP1 antagonist (2mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally every three days, six times in total, then tissue was extracted and prepared for histopathology and measurement of weight, PGE2, and gene expression of EP1 and β 1 integrin. Results: Both inhibitors, alone or in combination, showed a significant (p<0.001) antitumorigenic effect by decreasing, significantly (p<0.001), each of the tumor weights, tumor volumes, PGE2 levels, EP1 and β1-integrin gene expression along with increasing, significantly (p<0.001), the P53 tumor suppressor protein. The survival rate was improved from 80% in the control group to reach 100% in the treated groups. The co-treatment by CXB and EP1 antagonist showed a marked decrease in tumor weights and volumes as compared with the single treatment. In parallel, the histopathological findings showed enhanced apoptosis and diminished necrosis in the co-treated group. Conclusion: EP1 antagonist proved an antitumorigenic effect alone or combined with CXB and could play a new therapeutic strategy against breast cancer.
Breast cancer
Celecoxib
Ehrlich Carcinoma
PGE2
β 1-integrin
2022
11
01
3763
3770
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90368_cbd5e6d3632ecb80388dc9d45cd8fe6f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Influence of Micro-RNA-423 Gene Variation on Risk and Characteristics of Breast Cancer
Amira
El-Ashry
Ahmed
Albeltagy
Ahmed
Ramez
Shimaa
Hendawy
Background: Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that are abundantly expressed in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. The mechanism of miRNAs in breast cancer oncogenesis is poorly understood. The goal of this study was to determine if there was a link between the miR-423 rs6505162 gene variation and breast cancer susceptibility among Egyptian patients. Methods: This was a case control study that included 120 female patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer and 120 healthy controls. The patients and controls were genotyped for miR-423 rs6505162 polymorphism by real time PCR. The association of breast cancer patients’ genotypic variant and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Results: Breast cancer patients showed significantly higher AA and CA genotypes frequencies when compared to controls. This was translated as higher risk to develop breast cancer in patients harboring these genotypic variants (OR = 3.28, p= 0.002; OR = 2.11, p= 0.011, respectively). The frequencies of Her2 positive and advanced stage disease were significantly increased in the AA genotype variant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our data suggest that miR-423 rs6505162 polymorphism could be a potential risk factor in the pathogenesis of breast cancer among Egyptian population.
breast cancer
micro-RNA
miR-423
rs6505162
2022
11
01
3771
3777
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90369_c64f6958597cf2feb38978887bc47ba7.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Trend in Gastric Cancer Mortality in Kazakhstan
Nurbek
Igissinov
Rustem
Taszhanov
Zhansaya
Telmanova
Aida
Baibusunova
Kulsara
Rustemova
Zarina
Bilyalova
Gulnur
Igissinova
Indira
Kudaibergenova
Saken
Kozhakhmetov
Serikbay
Orazbayev
Zhanerke
Azhetova
Gaukhar
Nurtazinova
Umetaly
Sayakov
Fatima
Dzhumabayeva
Kuanysh
Kulayev
Kaldybay
Idrissov
Tleuberdi
Kuandykov
Vladimir
Mutagirov
Nasriddin
Shapambayev
Objective: The aim is to study the trends in gastric cancer (GC) mortality in Kazakhstan. Methods: Data on those who died from GC and on the annual population were obtained from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. A retrospective study was carried out for the period 2009-2018 using descriptive and analytical methods of oncoepidemiology. The extensive, crude and age-specific mortality rates are determined according to the generally accepted methodology used in sanitary statistics. Results: GC mortality in Kazakhstan is considered to be decreasing. It was determined that during the studied period 19,672 died of this cancer. The mean of death was 67.8 with 95% CI of 67.6 to 68.0. The highest mortality rates per 100,000 in the entire population were found in the age groups 75-79 years (145.9±24.1), 80-84 years (161.0±11.0), and 85+ years (116.5±16.4). Trends in age-related mortality rates had a pronounced tendency to increase in 70-74 years (T=+4.3%, R2=0.1924) and to decrease in the age of up to 30 (T=−8.7%, R2=0.2426). The average annual standardized mortality rate was 13.2 per 100,000, and in trends tended to decrease (T=−5.8%; R2=0.9763). In all regions, there is a decrease in mortality, except for the city of Astana. During categorization mortality rates were determined on the basis of standardized indicators: low – up to 12.9, average – from 12.9 to 15.1, high – above 15.1 per 100,000 for the entire population. Conclusion: The mortality rates from GC tend to decrease, while the downward trends and the degree of their approximation are expressed in almost all regions. The study of regional mortality has theoretical and practical significance for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of early detection and treatment. Health authorities should take into account the results obtained when organizing antitumor measures.
Gastric cancer
mortality
Trends
geographical variation
Kazakhstan
2022
11
01
3779
3789
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90370_fe9a25ed53a7f573917cdf26c3815d82.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Prognostic Factors for Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Following Primary Cytoreductive Surgery or Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Chalaithorn
Nantasupha
Tanarat
Muangmool
Kittipat
Charoenkwan
Aim: To examine the association between clinicopathological factors and survival in advanced epithelial ovarian, tubal, and primary peritoneal cancers patients who had primary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and those that received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods: Women who had CRS or NAC between 2008-2017 were included. Association between clinical characteristics, pretreatment imaging, serum markers, surgical and pathological factors, and disease recurrence/progression/death was examined in multivariable analysis. Results: Two hundred and three women were recruited in this study (CRS 128 women and NAC 75 women). Median overall survival was 33.7 months for the CRS group and 27.9 months for the NAC group (p=0.04). Median progression-free survival was 14.9 months in the CRS group and 12.1 months in the NAC group (p=0.04). For the CRS group, factors independently associated with increased risk of death included primary peritoneal carcinoma (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 6.94), stable disease/progression at treatment completion (aHR 5.97), and initial tumor size of more than 12 cm (aHR 1.87). For the NAC group, stable disease/progression after complete treatment (aHR 6.45) and pre-treatment platelet to lymphocyte ratio of more than 310 (aHR 2.20) were significantly associated with an increased risk of death. Conclusions: NAC appeared to be a good alternative treatment for stage III/IV tubo-ovarian carcinoma. The worse survival outcome associated with primary peritoneal carcinoma and large initial tumor size in the patients who received CRS suggested that NAC could be an attractive option for those with these characteristics.
fallopian tube neoplasm
ovarian neoplasm
peritoneal neoplasm
Prognostic factors
2022
11
01
3791
3799
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90371_dc58c5052fa7ff49543d35166a88b2bb.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Aspirin Restores Radiosensitivity in Cervical Cancer Cells by Inducing Mitotic Catastrophe through Downregulating G2/M Effectors
Salini
Das
Dilip
Ray
Debomita
Sengupta
Elizabeth
Mahapatra
Souvick
Biswas
Madhumita
Roy
Sutapa
Mukherjee
Background/Aim: Compromised cell-cycle checkpoint is a major obstacle for rendering radiotherapeutic success of radioresistant cells. Aspirin (ASA), an anti-inflammatory agent was repurposed previously for improving radiotherapy by limiting radiation toxicity. However, the underlying mechanism was unclear. The present study aimed to identify the mechanism of ASA mediated reversal of radioresistance in cervical cancer cells. Methods: Radioresistant subline SiHa/RR was developed from parental cervical squamous carcinoma cell line SiHa by chronic fractionated irradiation (IR). The radioresistance property of SiHa/RR was confirmed by clonogenic assay. Alteration in cell-cycle by ASA was determined by flow cytometry. ASA induced nuclear damage as consequence of mitotic catastrophe was confirmed by microscopic observation. The interaction between ASA and G2/M regulators was explored through in silico docking analysis and expressional change of them was affirmed by western blotting. Immunofluorescence study to examine Aurora Kinase A localization in presence and absence of ASA treatment was conducted. Finally the radiosensitizing ability of ASA was verified by apoptotic parameters (flow cytometrically and by western blotting). Result: Higher colony forming ability of SiHa/RR compared to SiHa became restrained upon ASA (5μM) treatment prior to IR. Flow cytometric analysis of ASA treated cells showed increased G2/M population followed by enlargement of cells displaying giant multinucleated morphology; typical characteristics of mitotic catastrophe. Underlying noteworthy mechanisms involved decreased expressions of G2/M regulatory proteins (Cyclin B1, CDK1, Aurora A Kinase, pAurora A Kinase) in IR/ASA along with inhibiting nuclear localization of Aurora Kinase A in SiHa/RR. Docking results also supported the findings. Prolonged treatment (12 h) with ASA led to apoptosis by altering expressions of Bcl2, Bax and Cytochrome C; which was achieved through the event of mitotic catastrophe. Conclusion: This work established that G2/M arrest and mitotic catastrophe can be considered as the principle mechanism of restoration of radiosensitivity in SiHa/RR by ASA pretreatment.
Cervical cancer
Radioresistance
aspirin
Aurora Kinase A
Mitotic catastrophe
2022
11
01
3801
3813
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90372_68ba58a2e821c21428e00981aebbca28.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Plasma Insulin/Erythrocytic Aldose Reductase Ratio as a Predictor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma among Type II Diabetics and Hepatitis C Virus-infected Patients
Nabil
Abdel-Hamid
Mohamad
Sherif
Asmaa
Al Samahy
Moustafa
Abdelhamid
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a possible oncogenic progression during persistent hepatitis C-infection +/- type II diabetes mellitus (DM). We aim to investigate the plasma insulin, erythrocytic aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) as possible predictive tools for HCC in hepatitis C-infected patients (HCV) +/- DM. Erythrocytes (RBCs) were adopted as a possible vehicle for pre-malignant variations being of short life span. Methods: The study included 20 healthy control and 100 patients of 48–64 years old, divided into 5 equal groups as; type II DM, HCC, HCC with DM, DM- HCV infected and non-DM HCV infected. Plasma levels of AFP and insulin were measured. Results: It showed an elevated AR, significant reduction of SDH in RBCs and plasma of DM patients. These values were greatly elevated among HCV, HCC, diabetic HCV, and diabetic HCC patients. All DM patients showed elevated insulin levels than normoglycemic controls. Conclusion: The study substantiated the use of RBCs as a vehicle for early diagnostic markers better than plasma. We recommend the use of insulin/ erythrocytic AR ratio as a new laboratory marker for predicting HCC among type II diabetics or non-treated HCV-infected patients with control insulin/ erythrocytic AR ratio by each laboratory.
Plasma insulin/erythrocytic aldose reductase ratio
Sorbitol dehydrogenase
Type II Diabetes mellitus
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatitis C Virus
2022
11
01
3815
3823
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90373_1ec14273c32cd138bf94a52d82c60f44.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Pancreatic Cancer in Iran - Result of the Iranian National Cancer Registry Program
Saba
Alvand
Gholamreza
Roshandel
Peyman
Nejat
Hossein
Postchi
Objective: In this article, we aimed to report the incidence rate of PC at the national and regional levels of Iran from 2014 to 2017 for the first time based on the IARC protocols. Methods: The data was recruited from the Iranian national program of cancer registry, a national cancer registry program reformed in 2014 after including cancer diagnosis based on clinical judgment and death certificates. This registry includes data from the pathology laboratories and clinical sectors included with death certificates from 60 medical universities in 31 provinces of Iran. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated at the national and regional levels. Results: From 2014 to 2017, 8851 new cases (males=60.46%) were diagnosed, with a mean age of 66.2 ± 19.6. Forty-one percent of the patients were diagnosed by microscopic verification, and 51% were diagnosed based on clinical judgment without microscopic verification and death certificates. The age-standardized incidence rate was measured as 3.45 per 100,000 in 2017, with the highest rates in individuals older than 85 (30.91 per 100,000), and the provinces of Qom, Tehran, and Isfahan recorded the highest incidence rates with 3.87, 3.85, and 3.66 per 100,000 respectively. Conclusions: PC incidence in Iran is still lower than in western countries. However, the incidence from 2014 to 2017 is higher than previous national and regional reports and should not be overlooked. Improvement in the national cancer registry program and documentation may be reasons for this difference.
Incidence
Iran
Pancreatic neoplasms
registries
2022
11
01
3825
3831
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90374_b4fad3b84deaf1b01ba5d8ced2b4d576.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Bioinformatic Analysis of Plus Gene Expression Related to Progression from Leukoplakia to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Jaime
Guzman de Avila
Carlos
Silvera-Redondo
Antistio
Alviz-Amador
Introduction: Leukoplakia is one of the most frequently found lesions in the oral cavity, with a probability of 17 to 24% of becoming malignant cells in a period of 30 years. Objective: To identify differentially expressed gene profiles of leukoplakia and its progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma, essential for the discovery of new biomarkers to predict and prevent the presence of diseases in the oral cavity. Methods: Initially, gene profiles of GSE85514 and GSE160042 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were used. Differentially expressed genes were identified using GEO2R. The CLUEGO plugin in Cytoscape was used for DEG functionality and enrichment analysis. Finally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using Cytoscape from data collected online from the STRING server. Results: According to the MCC algorithm, the 10 most found gene sequences were HNRNPU, SMC1A, PAFAH1B1, EHMT1, SPTBN4, OLFM1, NCAM1, SF3B3, FGF2, and UBE2I; with HNRNPU, SMC1A, and PAFAH1B1 being the most representative of the modules. Conclusions: We were able to describe the gene sequences that promote the progression from leukoplakia to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Within these genes, the HNRNPU, SMC1A, and PAFAH1B1 constitute the main promising therapeutic targets to counteract the progression of oral cancer, they could also be important biomarkers for the diagnosis and classification of the disease.
leukoplakia
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
GEO2R
HNRNPU
SMC1A and PAFAH1B1
2022
11
01
3833
3842
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90375_a21f6087284bf5346bca4ba23b01d100.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
A Comparison of the Characteristics of Cytokine Storm between Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Salmeh
Kalbassi
Lida
Radfar
Mohammadreza
Azimi
Simin
Shadanpoor
Ali
Ghorbani Ranjbary
Introduction: Lichen planus (LP) is a relatively common chronic mucocutaneous disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes, including oral mucosa. The etiology of the disease is unknown. Some evidence suggests that the immune system and inflammation may play a role in the formation and progression of lichen planus. Some authorities believe that LP is a precancerous condition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines CRP, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF- in patients with oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as well as to assess the relationship between these cytokine levels and clinical symptoms. Methods: A total of 75 subjects, with 25 in each group of oral lichen planus, healthy control, and oral squamous cell carcinoma, participated in this cross-sectional study. Serum levels of IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP were determined and compared. In comparison to the healthy control group, the lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma groups had higher levels of CRP, IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α. Results: We discovered that the mean mRNA and protein levels of CRP, IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly higher in the blood and tissue of lichen planus and OSCC patients than in normal controls. Conclusion: Higher levels of CRP, IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α may be linked to OLP and oral carcinogenesis. More research with larger groups is required.
Oral lichen planus
oral squamous cell carcinoma
Serum cytokines
CRP
TNF-&alpha
2022
11
01
3843
3849
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90376_fdad4ebf1b358c1289fc951f87b2bd94.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Validation of the Thai Version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scaled - Short Form Among Cholangiocarcinoma Patients
Ueamporn
Summart
Monthida
Sangruangake
Saranya
T. Teinprasert
Napachun
Chaplik
Ponpimon
Srisuwan
Background: The Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form (MSAS-SF), a standard instrument for assessing cancer patients’ symptoms, has been validated in numerous languages. However, it has not been validated in Thai. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to translate the MSAS-SF into Thai and determine its psychometric properties in Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients. Methods: The MSAS-SF was translated into Thai, and 231 CCA patients completed the questionnaires, which included baseline characteristics, T-MSAS-SF, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to assess reliability for internal consistency. For convergent validity, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to calculate the relationship between the T-MSAS-SF and the T-CaSUN, HADS, and FACT-Hep subscales. Results: Subscale and total T-MSAS-SF internal consistency reliability was moderately high, with Cronbach alpha coefficients ranging from 0.76 to 0.87. For convergent validity, the majority of T-MSAS-SF scores had moderate to low inverse correlation with FACT-Hep, HADS T-CaSUN subscales with the correlation coefficients-0.10 to -0.68 (p<0.05), reflecting that they were measuring a similar construct.Conclusion: Our findings showed that the T-MSAS-SF has acceptable validity and reliability to assess the psychometric properties of early to advance stage CCA patients during treatment and early post-treatment stage.
Validation
MSAS-SF
Thai
Symptom assessment
cholangiocarcinoma
2022
11
01
3851
3857
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90377_6b7cfdd7edb96a28114375503ac024e9.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Association Analysis of GSTP1-rs1695 Polymorphism with the Risk of Oral Cancer: A Literature Review, an Updated Meta- Analysis, and a Structural Assessment
Ahmadali
Baghaei
Mohaddeseh
Behjati
Ali
Karimian
Background: This study aimed to investigate the association of rs1695 polymorphism in glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) with risk of oral cancer in a meta-analysis which was followed by a bioinformatics approach. Materials and methods: Related articles were collected through a systematic search in PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE databases up to June 2022 and then screened. Finally, seven studies, including 1249 cases of oral cancer and 1861 healthy individuals, were included in our meta-analysis. Seven different genetic models including G vs. A, GG+GA vs. AA, GG vs. GA+AA, GA vs. GG+AA, GG vs. GA, GG vs. AA, and GA vs. AA were used for the calculation of odds ratio and 95% confidence interval in order to assess the association between GSTP1-rs1695 polymorphism and oral cancer risk. Also, the ethnicity-based stratified analyses were performed using the seven mentioned models. Some bioinformatics software was used to investigate the effect of rs1695 polymorphism on the primary, secondary, and three-dimensional structure of GSTP1. Results: Our results showed that rs1695 polymorphism was not associated with the risk of oral cancer in any seven genetic models (G vs. A: OR= 0.9331, 95%CI= 0.6339-1.3737, P= 0.726; GG vs. GA+AA: OR= 0.9112 , 95%CI= 0.6865-1.2093, P= 0.520; GG+GA vs. AA: OR= 0.9006, 95%CI= 0.5522-1.4690, P= 0.675; GA vs. GG+AA: OR= 0.8732, 95%CI= 0.5763-1.3230, P= 0.522; GG vs. AA: OR= 0.9516, 95%CI= 0.5503-1.6456, P= 0.859; GG vs. GA: OR= 1.0645, 95%CI= 0.7891-1.4359, P= 0.683; GA vs. AA: OR= 0.8825, 95%CI= 0.5499-1.4162, P= 0.604). Also, we did not observe any significant associations in ethnicity-based stratified analyses. But bioinformatics studies have shown that this polymorphism can alter the physicochemical properties and secondary structure of the protein. Conclusions: Based on results, the rs1695 polymorphism could not be considered a risk factor for oral cancer.
oral cancer
GSTP1
rs1695 polymorphism
Meta-analysis
2022
11
01
3859
3868
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90378_8e74d0c5fe68d3620a874347187825a9.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Incidence and Risk Factors of Acute Leukemias in Armenia: A Population-Based Study
Lusine
Khondkaryan
Diana
Andreasyan
Yervand
Hakobyan
Ezgi Eylül
Bankoglu
Rouben
Aroutiounian
Helga
Stopper
Nelly
Babayan
Objective: Leukemia represents a serious public health concern as the incidence is increasing worldwide. In this study we aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and myeloid (AML) leukemia, identify disease clusters and find association with possible risk factors. Methods: Data on leukemia cases were provided by the National Institute of Health of the Republic of Armenia for the period of 2012-2018. Age-standardized incidence rate was calculated using Segi World Population. SaTScan purely spatial analysis was applied to find leukemia clusters. To find association between leukemia and agricultural and mining activities and demographic data Poisson regression model was used. Results: During the studied period 259 new cases of ALL and 478 AML were recorded. The age-standardized incidence rate was 1.5 and 1.9 per 100,000 inhabitants with male to female ratio of 0.97 and 1.1 for ALL and AML, respectively. No significant changes in ALL or AML incidence trends were found. For ALL significant cluster encompassing Shirak, Lori, Tavush and Armavir provinces of Armenia was identified, while Kotayk and Ararat was provinces with the highest incidence of AML. We found significant positive association of ALL with crop density, while no elevated risk estimates were found between AML and exposure variables. Conclusion: Altogether, our results suggested that acute leukemias incidence in Armenia follows the pattern described for developing countries.
AML
ALL
Epidemiology
Risk Assessment
2022
11
01
3869
3875
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90379_2830483bf20fb144dbb0a479f20964a8.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Long-Term Oncologic Outcome of Breast Cancer in Southern Iran: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Ali
Omidvari
Alireza
Salehi
Mahsa
Sepahvand
Shapour
Omidvari
Mohammad
Mohammadianpanah
Introduction: Breast cancer remains the most frequent and lethal cancer among women worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics, prognostic factors and outcome of breast cancer patient treated and followed-up in Shiraz, southern Iran from 2000 to 2005. Methods: In this retrospective study, 1,024 patients with breast cancer who were treated in Namazi hospital of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between 2000 and 2005 were included. Survival analysis was performed to determine potential factors influencing disease free-and overall survival in these patients. Results: Median age of the patients at diagnosis was 47 (range 19-83) years. Median follow-up for surviving patients was 68 months. The majority of patients presented at stage II (42%) and stage III (41%). Additionally, most (61%) patients had positive axillary node. The 5-, 10- and 15-year overall survival rates were 83.8%, 61.5% and 56.6% respectively. On multivariate analysis for overall survival, histologic type, Tumor stage, node stage, disease stage, M stage, hormone receptor status, adjuvant radiotherapy, and chemotherapy regimen remained independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Conclusion: in this study, the poor long-term oncologic outcome of the patients with breast cancer may be due to the higher rate of locally advanced disease; as well as the lack of modern systemic therapies in the study period.
Breast Neoplasm
survival
Neoplasm metastasis
Iran
2022
11
01
3877
3884
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90380_ce8e0d698b8ff73bdcd0c8c9eba6063f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Novel Derivatives of Tetrahydrobenzo (g) Imidazo[α-1,2] Quinoline Induce Apoptosis Via ROS Production in the Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells, U-87MG
Fatemeh
Mostafavi Hosseini
Maryam
Ashourpour
Salman
Taheri
Masoumeh
Tavakoli Yaraki
Siamak
Salami
Zahra
Shahsavari
Faranak
Kazerouni
Background: Despite newer therapeutic approaches against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the severely poor prognosis and treatment resistance are still disadvantages that slow down the patient’s recovery process. Consistent with the need to develop more effective and optimized therapies to control GBM cell growth, the effects of a new series of tetrahydrobenzo(g)imidazo[α-1,2]quinolone derivatives on GBM cell growth and the underlying mechanism is investigated in the current study. Methods: U-87MG cell line, glioblastoma multiforme and normal skin fibroblast cell line, AGO1522 were used to study the anticancer effects of 5 derivatives of tetrahydrobenzo(g)imidazo[α-1,2]quinolone and paclitaxel as a standard drug. The cytotoxic effect on cell growth was assessed using the MTT assay. Annexin V FITC staining and PI staining were applied to detect apoptosis and cell cycle distribution using flow cytometry. The extent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was assessed using the fluorescent probe 7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and caspase-3 activity using the colorimetric assay kit. Results: Among the 5 derivatives of tetrahydrobenzo(g)imidazo[α-1,2]quinolone, the 5c derivative (5-(6-bromo-2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)-9a-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-4-Nitro-2,3,5,5a,7,8,9,9a-octahydroimidazo[α-1,2]quinoline-6(1H)) showed the strongest cytotoxic effect on U-87MG cells in a time and Dose-dependent manner compared to the other derivatives and paclitaxel. The IC50 (11.91 M) of the 5c derivative induced apoptosis accompanied by a significant increase in sub-G1 and super-G2 phases of U-87MG cells. The increased level of cellular ROS and caspase 3 activity after treatment of U-87MG cells with 5c derivative was significant compared to untreated cells. Conclusion: Our data provide insights into the potent anticancer effects of the 5c-derivative of tetrahydrobenzo(g)imidazo[α-1,2]quinolone on GBM cells via the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway, which may merit further attention.
Glioblastoma Multiforme
imidazoquinoline
Apoptosis
ROS
reactive oxygen species
2022
11
01
3885
3893
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90381_27b208e5b0c7c0eeb077cf90d4a33afc.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Attenuation of N-Nitrosodiethylamine -Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Piceatannol and/or Cisplatin: The Interplay between Nuclear Factor (Erythroid Derived 2)-like 2 and Redox Status
Omnia
Salama
Fatma
Moawed
Enas
Moustafa
Eman
Kandil
Background: The natural compound’s alternative and complementary uses have increased hopes for hepatocellular cancer treatment (HCC). Objects: The goal of this study was to see if Piceatannol (PIC) in combination with cisplatin has a synergistic effect on N, N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)-induced HCC in rats. Methods: Tissue antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factors 2 (Nrf2) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) gene expression were all measured. Nuclear Factor Kabba B (NF-κB) was also tested, as well as hepatic caspase 3 and NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Liver specimens were subjected to histopathological analysis. Results: When compared to the HCC group, piceatannol and/or cisplatin caused a significant improvement in liver function tests, as well as a significant modulation in Nrf2 gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as a significant decrease in tissue MDA, TNF-α, NF-κB levels, NQO1 activity, and prompt and caspase-3 activities. When the PIC and/or cisplatin combination was compared to each of these compounds alone, the results were substantial. Conclusion: PIC in combination with cisplatin has been shown to have a synergistic anticancer impact through modulating Nrf2 and redox state. In addition, adding PIC to an HCC therapy plan that includes chemotherapeutic medicines may boost the efficacy of cisplatin while reducing its negative effects.
Nrf2
NFκ B
NQO1
TNF-alpha
2022
11
01
3895
3903
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90382_270f96366552a56685354e184bf36154.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Quality of Life of Family Caregivers of Cancer Patients in a Developing Nation
Gin Gin
Gan
Kevin Wen Fei
Tey
Sumaiyah
Mat
Marniza
Saad
Ping Chong
Bee
Rozita
Abdul Malik
Gwo Fuang
Ho
Chong Guan
Ng
Background: Quality of life (QOL) of family caregivers of cancer patients is usually affected due to increase in caregiver burden. Their QOL has not garnered much attention by many including the health professionals and community. This study aims to explore the QOL of family caregivers of cancer patients in a multi-ethnic country in Asia and to investigate its associate factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study where family caregivers and patients who were diagnosed of cancers within 12 months were recruited. QOL of caregivers were measured using The Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer (CQOLC). Psychological distress was measured using Hospital anxiety and depressive scale. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the related factors of QOL of caregivers. Results: A total of 458 patients/caregiver pairs were included. Symptoms of anxiety and depression reported by caregivers were 24.9% and 24.2% respectively. Caregivers of patients with solid tumors have better CQOLC score compared to those who cared for patients with hematological cancers (91.25 vs 86.75). Caregivers of non-Malay ethnicity, those caring for patients with advanced stage cancer and with hematological cancers had significantly poorer QOL. QOL of caregivers are also significantly affected when patients demonstrated anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: This study provides detailed evaluation of the QOL of caregivers of cancer patients in Malaysia. The significant psychological distress and low caregiver QOL indicate the urgent need for comprehensive supports for caregivers with cancer patients, especially those caring for patients with haematological cancers.
Caregivers
Anxiety
depression
Quality of Life
cancer
2022
11
01
3905
3914
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90383_ff40977ca61626618ac2ac1638eaab76.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Predictive Value of Anti- E6 Oncoprotein (High Risk- Human Papilloma Virus) and p16 Ink4a for Detecting HPV in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia
Gowthami
Jawahar
Gururaj
Narayana Rao
Beryl Rachel
J
Angeline
J
Nandhinipriya
B
Swetha
S
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and to examine the association of HPV in histological grades of dysplasia using p16 and Anti-E6 oncoprotein immunohistochemistry (IHC). Subjects and methods: This study focused on clinically diagnosed oral potentially malignant disorders. Clinical parameters such as age, gender, habits, occupation, duration, site, and the type of the lesions were examined and the incisional biopsy was done on the selected cases for the histopathological diagnosis. Selected cases of OPMDs were screened immunohistochemically for HPV 16 and HPV 18 (high-risk group) positivity using p16INK4a and Anti-E6 oncoprotein. The immunohistochemical p16 expression was evaluated based on (a) percentage of p16 positive cases and (b) pattern of p16 staining in various grades of OPMD. Results: Anti-E6 oncoprotein (HR-HPV) expression level was only detected in 11 cases (37%), and positive expression of p16 was found in three cases (10%), with variation in cell proportion and intensity. Subsequently, the association between p16 expression level and clinicopathological characteristic factors was analyzed and a significant association was found between age and histopathology. Conclusion: There was an association between HPV and OPMD. Both biomarker tests, HPV E6 and p16 immunocytochemistry had a specific role in the detection of HR-HPV. Anti-E6 immunocytochemistry can be a valuable test with higher specificity for HPV DNA detection in oral epithelial dysplasia without losing sensitivity.
oral epithelial dysplasia
OPMD
HR_HPV
P16ink4a
Anti- E6 oncoprotein
2022
11
01
3915
3922
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90384_c8df5be6f92e2055ab88f30d9e40ae0a.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
The Effects of Vernonia cinerea Less Extracts on Antioxidant Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Jidapa
Pakpisutkul
Jinjuta
Suwapraphan
Nattanaporn
Sripayak
Nattapoom
Sitkhuntod
Sukritta
Loyrat
Waraporn
Yahayo
Roogntawan
Supabphol
Objectives: To investigate the capability of Vernonia cinerea extracts to disrupt the intracellular oxidative-antioxidative status in colorectal cancer cells. Methods: All experiments were conducted on two colorectal cancer cell lines (SW620 and HT29) with aqueous and ethanol extracts of Vernonia cinerea (VC). The cytotoxicity of both extracts was evaluated using MTT assay. Cells were treated for 1, 4, and 7 days with different concentrations of aqueous and ethanol extracts ranging from 100-700 and 10-150 μg/ml respectively. The antioxidant capacity of cell lysates was determined by the 2, 2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) inhibitory effect. The possible action mechanism was also investigated through gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, i.e. superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. Results: Both aqueous and ethanol extracts showed dose/time-dependent manners in all assays. Ethanol extract had a higher potency for cytotoxicity with obviously lower IC50 and a higher antioxidant capability in cytoplasmic content than aqueous extract, especially at 4-day treatment. Low MDA content and gene expression alteration of four enzymes involved in antioxidant status were found in cells treated with ethanol extract compared to aqueous extract. Conclusions: Ethanol VC extracts can cause cytotoxicity to human colorectal cancer cells, possibly be involved in oxidative stress, and/or interfere with oxidative-antioxidative balance by radical scavenging in vitro.
DPPH
ABTS
MDA
Antioxidant enzymes
2022
11
01
3923
3930
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90385_05fdf1b03a96a02e977dbc27d37b77a0.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus and Co-Infection with Epstein-Barr Virus in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Manoochehr
Makvandi
Shahram
Jalilian
Ebrahim
Faghihloo
Sayyad
Khanizadeh
Ali
Ramezani
Sharam
Bagheri
Habibollah
Mirzaei
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most important malignancies, worldwide. Oncogenic viruses, such as human papilloma virus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are linked to these cancers and studies suggest a possible interaction between HPV and EBV during co-infections to promote oncogenesis. Nonetheless, these reports are controversial and demand more investigations in this regard. The present work to assessed the prevalence of HPV and co-infection with EBV in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were collected from 166 archived oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma samples from Ahvaz Imam Khomeini hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, from March 2013 and December 2019. Nested-PCR was used to detect the viruses and type-specific PCR/nested-PCR and sequencing were performed for virus genotyping. Results: Out of the 166 specimens, 84.33% and 16.42% were from oral cavity and oropharynx, respectively; of which, 32 cases (19.3%) were HPV-positive (16.42% of oral cavity and 34.6% of oropharynx). HPV was detected in 36.36%, 25%, and 16.42% of base of tongue, tonsil, and oral tongue tumors, respectively. HPV was more associated with well differentiated tumors (24;18.04%) in compared to moderately and poorly differentiated ones. Regarding HPV-16 genotyping, 7 (21.8%) out of the 32 samples were found to be HPV-16 (4/26 (15.38%) for oropharynx and 3/140 (2.14%) for oral cavity). Moreover, 90 samples were evaluated for EBV infection and co-infection; of which, 4 (4.4%) subjects tested positive for EBV, including two cases with HPV co-infection. All the positive cases were EBV type B, from oral cavity, and histologically well differentiated. Conclusions: HPV was more associated with oropharyngeal cancer. This association has been linked to various factors such as repeated oral and oropharyngeal exposure to HPV due to change in patterns of sexual behaviors; a phenomenon that may demand routine HPV vaccination.
Oncogenic viruses
Human papilloma virus
Epstein-Barr Virus
OPSCC
OSCC
2022
11
01
3931
3937
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90386_1b1d6ba1d5e49907aeb2156b15eca6f2.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Investigating Up-to-Seven Criteria and APRI (AST Platelet Ratio) as Prognostic Factors in Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Who Received Transarterial Chemoembolization
Nakarin
Inmutto
Natthaphong
Nimitrungtawee
Tanop
Srisuwan
Thanate
Kattipathanapong
Attaporn
Jantarangkoon
Oranit
Puttisri
Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the locoregional treatments for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is a widely used diagnostic tool for HCC. It can also evaluate tumor size, tumor number, and tumor invasion. This study aimed to determine the median survival time in intermediate-stage HCC patients who underwent TACE and to find out prognostic factors influencing patients’ survival time after TACE. Methods: A computerized search of medical record database in Maharaj Nakorn ChiangMai Hospital from January 2016 to December 2019 revealed 187 intermediate-stage HCC patients who received TACE as the first-line treatment. Results: The median survival time of patients in this study was 9.9 months (95% CI: 8.3-11.6). The patients with aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio (APRI) less than 0.5 had a significantly better median survival time as compared with patients with APRI ratio more than 0.5; (13.2 months versus 9.9 months, p-value < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that tumor number > 7 and tumor size > 5 centimeters (cm) could be considered as independent parameters predicting poor overall survival time in the sufferers (HR 2.64 95%CI 1.68-4.15 and HR 2.38 95%CI 1.32-4.31, respectively). Conclusion: Based on our findings, patients with intermediate-stage HCC who received TACE had a lower median survival time compared to previous studies. However, we identified APRI less than 0.5, tumor size less than 5 cm, and tumor number less than 7 as prognostic factors improving survival time in intermediate-stage HCC patients.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Intermediate stage
transarterial chemoembolization
Computed tomography imaging
survival outcomes
2022
11
01
3939
3946
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90387_f88fe23f4cde62391b0e603cf13fdc01.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
LIMCH1 as a New Potential Metastasis Predictor in Breast Cancer
Vladimir
Alifanov
Liubov
Tashireva
Marina
Zavyalova
Vladimir
Perelmuter
Background and objective: High LIMCH1 expression in lung and renal cancer is determined as a favorable prognostic factor. However, prognostic value of LIMCH1 expression in breast cancer has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the prognostic value of LIMCH1 expression in breast cancer patients. Methods: This retrospective study included 89 patients with invasive breast carcinoma of no special type. These patients referred to Cancer Research Institute of Tomsk National Research Medical Center from 2007 to 2018. LIMCH1 protein expression in tumor cells was detected by immunohistochemical analysis in this study. Statistical analysis was done to investigate the possible relationship between LIMCH1 protein expression and clinicopathological parameters, risk of metastasis, distant metastasis free survival, and overall survival. Results: IHC analysis of breast cancer tissue samples revealed that LIMHC1 protein expression was found in 29.2% (26/89) of the cases. Lymph node and distant metastases were more frequent in patients with LIMCH1 protein expression. LIMCH1 protein expression increased the risk of distant metastasis based on our findings. LIMCH1 protein affected metastatic-free survival regardless of the T, as well as other clinical and pathological parameters (p=0.0146, HR=3.2058 (1.26; 8.17)). Moreover, LIMCH1 protein expression was associated with worse overall survival (p=0.0071, HR=2.73 (1.28; 5.85)) in our breast cancer patients. Conclusion: LIMCH1 protein expression was associate with metastases development, providing prognostic stratification. In breast cancer, LIMCH1 protein expression was found as an unfavorable prognostic factor of distant metastasis-free survival based on our findings.
LIMCH1
breast cancer
Metastasis
Invasion
migration
2022
11
01
3947
3952
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90388_72acb96c60e4827a836ea2c1d20fb9ec.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
The Association of Ketolytic Enzymes Gene Expression Levels with Mitochondrial Activity and Content in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Mahdisa
Yousefi
Abbas
Karimi
Afsaneh
Goudarzi
Background: Recent studies have pointed to the anti-tumour effects of a ketogenic diet (KD) in cancer. It is believed that patients with low ketolytic Enzymes gene expression levels are more sensitive and may respond better to the KD therapy. However, the ketolytic Enzymes gene expression levels and their association with mitochondrial activity and content in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not yet obvious. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the potential use of ketolytic enzymes as biomarkers for mitochondrial activity and content. Materials and Methods: Here we aimed to compare the mRNA expression levels of ketolytic enzymes (ACAT1, BDH1, BDH2 and OXCT1) between tumour and adjacent pre-tumor tissues of 16 OSCC patients. Additionally, we examined the association of the mitochondrial ketolytic enzymes, including ACAT1, OXCT1, and BDH1 gene expression with mitochondrial activity and content. Results: Our findings did not show any significant difference in ketolytic gene expression levels between tumour and pre-tumor tissues of OSCC patients. ACAT1 and BDH1 mRNA expression levels were significantly correlated with the mRNA level of ND2 in tumour of OSCC patients. The mRNA levels of ACAT1, BDH1 and BDH2 were not correlated with the mRNA expression of 16srRNA. Conclusion: Our data suggest that mRNA gene expression levels of BDH1 and ACAT1 correlate with the mitochondrial activity in tumour of OSCC patients. BDH2 mRNA level significantly anti-correlate with tumour grade. We offer clues on the potential of ACAT1 as a biomarker of mitochondrial activity, but future studies are needed to establish this concept.
oral squamous cell carcinoma
Ketolytic enzymes
mitochondria
MtDNA
2022
11
01
3953
3958
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90389_410e906a357c909fca5503042174251b.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2022
23
11
Accuracy and Upgrading of CNB and BI-RADS Diagnoses Compared to Excision: A Clinicopathological-Radiological Correlation of Papillary Breast Lesions and Neoplasms
Maha
Fawzy
Heba
Sheta
Amal
Abd El hafez
Dina
Harb
Mohammad
Zuhdy
Reham
Alghandour
Doaa
Sakr
Background: Papillary breast lesions and neoplasms (PBLs/Ns) are diagnostically challenging lesions in both core needle biopsy (CNB) and radiology. Aim: To determine the accuracy and upgrade rate of CNB and BI-RADS diagnosis of PBLs/Ns compared to final excision diagnosis and the factors linked to upgrade. Methods: The favored CNB diagnosis and BI-RADS category for 82 PBLs/Ns were assessed based on histopathology, myoepithelial marker immunohistochemistry, mammographic/ultrasonographic findings. The radiological findings were compared to the pathological diagnoses. The accuracies of CNB and BI-RADS were compared to the excision diagnosis of the corresponding PBLs/Ns. The upgrade rates to malignancy were evaluated for both CNB and BI-RADS. Results: The presence of solid, irregular masses in breasts with composition A/B with calcification in radiology was significantly associated with the diagnosis of suspicious/malignant CNB, and malignant excision specimens (p<0.05). CNB was more accurate (90%), sensitive and specific with high positive and negative predictive values than BI-RADS. Combined CNB/BI-RADS accuracy was 90.2%. Overall upgrade rate came up to 9.8%. Upgrade rates to carcinoma were 7.3% for CNB and 8.5% for BI-RADS. Factors linked to upgrade were the age, lesion-size, BI-RADS category 4A and C, and histopathological/radiological discordance. All the upgraded PBLs/Ns were diagnosed as benign lesions in CNB with present/focally present myoepithelial diagnosis reflecting a sampling error. Conclusion: Up to 9.8% of PBLs/Ns diagnosed on CNB and BI-RADS undergo upgrading upon final excision, despite the high diagnostic accuracy. These evidences should be considered for final decision on whether to excise the lesion or not.
Papillary breast
Upgrading
accuracy
BI-RADS
core needle biopsy
2022
11
01
3959
3969
https://journal.waocp.org/article_90390_3cb4cc4c9eb8327b3d68da983b770a7e.pdf