2024-03-29T14:52:34Z
https://journal.waocp.org/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=3477
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Malignant Mesothelioma in Eastern Asia
Relatively low numbers of malignant mesotheliomas have been reported from Eastern Asia. In order toexplore the causes of this fact, the available data on mesothelioma incidence/mortality in five countries (Japan,South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore) were reviewed. Data on the industrial histories of the abovecountries were also examined. Mesothelioma incidence was low, despite a history of high shipbuilding and portactivities, in which heavy exposure to asbestos generally has occurred. Underestimation of mesothelioma couldpartly explain the above discrepancy. Moreover, in some areas a sufficient latency period for mesotheliomadevelopment may have not yet elapsed, due to recent industrialization. However, other possibilities have to beconsidered. The cancer epidemiology in Eastern Asia differs deeply from that seen in Western countries, anindication of differences in etiologic factors of cancer as well as in co-factors. In addition, the oncogenic spectrumof asbestos is wide, and not completely defined. In a very different milieu from that of Western countries, asbestoscould preferentially hit targets other than serosal membranes.
Asbestos
malignant mesothelioma
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
geographic pathology
Eastern Asia
2012
10
01
4849
4853
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26953_28aeb05bb43b614d516a1a8906dee022.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Snake Venom: A Potent Anticancer Agent
Since cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and there is an urgent need to find bettertreatment. In recent years remarkable progress has been made towards the understanding of proposed hallmarksof cancer development and treatment. Treatment modalities comprise radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy,immunotherapy and hormonal therapy. Currently, the use of chemotherapeutics remains the predominant optionfor clinical control. However, one of the major problems with successful cancer therapy using chemotherapeuticsis that patients often do not respond or eventually develop resistance after initial treatment. This has led to theincreased use of anticancer drugs developed from natural resources. The biodiversity of venoms and toxins makesthem a unique source from which novel therapeutics may be developed. In this review, the anticancer potentialof snake venom is discussed. Some of the included molecules are under clinical trial and may find applicationfor anticancer drug development in the near future.
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
hormonal therapy
venoms- toxins
2012
10
01
4855
4860
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26954_ad73b83b07a4225ee05e774b174be578.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Breast Cancer in India: Where Do We Stand and Where Do We Go?
This is a review article which looks into details what the actual scenario of the problem of breast cancer in ourcountry is. As the problem is on the rise, what is the level of the preparedness at our end to tackle the problem.The articles reviews the epidemiology of breast, high risk factors, detection, diagnosis and treatment facilitiesalso along with that screening facilities and their ground reality, awareness of the women from different walksregarding various issues of breast cancer and what intervention can be made to combat the disease.
breast cancer
Challenges
India
2012
10
01
4861
4866
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26955_1f731e9d84da241690380c44f3eda89c.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Autophagy in Cervical Cancer: An Emerging Therapeutic Target
Cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Although the humanpapillomavirus (HPV) is considered the major causative agent of cervical cancer, yet the viral infection aloneis not sufficient for cancer progression. The etiopathogenesis of cervical cancer is indeed complex; a preciseunderstanding of the complex cellular/molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation, progression and/or prevention of the uterine cervix is therefore essential. Autophagy is emerging as an important biologicalmechanism in targeting human cancers, including cervical cancer. Furthermore, autophagy, a process ofcytoplasm and cellular organelle degradation in lysosomes, has been implicated in homeostasis. Autophagicflux may vary depending on the cell/tissue type, thereby altering cell fate under stress conditions leading to cellsurvival and/or cell death. Autophagy may in turn govern tumor metastasis and subsequent carcinogenesis.Inflammation is a known hallmark of cancer. Vascular insufficiency in tumors, including cervical tissue, leadsto depletion of glucose and/or oxygen perturbing the osmotic mileu causing extracellular acidosis in the tumormicroenvironment that may eventually result in autophagy. Thus, targeted manipulation of complex autophagicsignaling may prove to be an innovative strategy in identification of clinically relevant biomarkers in cervicalcancer in the near future.
Autophagy
cervical cancer
microtubule associated protein light chain 3
Therapeutics
2012
10
01
4867
4871
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26956_14af2da949f1c3b6ad5db9748721a877.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Apoptosis in Cancer - An Update
Apoptosis is programmed cell death which is essential for development and survival of living organisms. Itis a sequentially regulated suicidal programme where cells activate certain enzymes which dissolute their ownnuclear component and various protein component of nucleus and cytoplasm. Disturbance of this regulatorypathway may lead to various diseases like autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Thepotential mechanisms of apoptosis and its role in cancer are discussed. The ability of apoptosis to modulate thelife or death of a cell is also recognized for its immense therapeutic potential. Understanding the mechanismsfrom this review will give us better insight to the pathogenesis of various diseases including cancer and will opennew horizons to therapeutic approaches.
Apoptosis
Caspases
cancer
Detection
2012
10
01
4873
4878
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26957_abd4f641cb92bc48e57c2f4ebed222d4.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Related DNA Repair and Radiation-Resistance Regulatory Mechanisms: A Mini-Review
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is associated with resistance to chemotherapy andradiotherapy. The EGFR modulates DNA repair after radiation-induced damage through an association withthe catalytic subunit of DNA protein kinase. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most lethal type of DNAdamage induced by ionizing radiation, and non-homologous end joining is the predominant pathway for repairof radiation-induced DSBs. Some cell signaling pathways that respond to normal growth factors are abnormallyactivated in human cancer. These pathways also invoke the cell survival mechanisms that lead to resistance toradiation. The molecular connection between the EGFR and its control over DNA repair capacity appears to bemediated by one or more signaling pathways downstream of this receptor. The purpose of this mini-review wasnot only to highlight the relation of the EGFR signal as a regulatory mechanism to DNA repair and radiationresistance, but also to provide clues to improving existing radiation resistance through novel therapies based onthe above-mentioned mechanism.
epidermal growth factor receptor
signal pathway
DNA-damage repair
radiation resistance
2012
10
01
4879
4881
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26958_ec4906067498ced695dcdfbef9e1ede8.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Effects of SiO2 in Turkish Natural Stones on Cancer Development
In materials science, one of the new concerns in the construction industry, it is well established that mineraldust from rocks (stones) has adverse effects on human health. For instance, it is suspected that some mineraldusts in particular leads to occupational diseases, including lung cancer. The present research concerned therelationship between cancer and those workers who work in Turkish construction industry and quarries andare exposed to silica mineral dust from natural stones. One focus was cancer prevention methods applied in-site.In mining and construction industry where stone dust is widely used, silicosis induced lung cancer is frequentlyseen. Cancer cases which are seen across the regions mostly affected by silica containing dust in Turkey wereidentified and a survey was conducted of the methods to protect workers in the construction industry fromexposure to silica dust.
Natural stones
dusts
Silica
cancer
Turkish worksites
2012
10
01
4883
4888
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26959_1b7e0657bce541b1fcd729bb4c50ee9f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Primary Extra Nodal Non Hodgkin Lymphoma: A 5 Year Retrospective Analysis
Background and Aim: The incidence of extra nodal non Hodgkin lymphoma (ENL) is rising throughoutthe world. However, data regarding ENL as a group is limited. The aim was to study the epidemiological andhistomorphological trends of primary ENL (pENL) in India. Material and Methods: The biopsy materials fromsixty eight patients with pENL (45 male, 23 female, M:F= 1.9:1), diagnosed over a five year period (2005-2009),were analysed and pathologically reclassified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification,2008 criteria. Results: Primary extra nodal non Hodgkin lymphomas constituted 22.0% (68/308) of all nonHodgkin lymphomas (NHL). The mean age at presentation for pENL and primary nodal NHL was 43 years and58 years, respectively with a male predilection (M: F=2:1). Central nervous system (CNS) constituted the mostcommon extranodal site (20/68, 29.5%) followed by gastrointestinal tract (17/68, 25%), and nose/nasopharynx(8/68, 11.8%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, not otherwise specified), extranodal marginal lymphomaof mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type, and B cell NHL unclassified (U) were the three most commonhistological types observed. T-cell phenotype was rarely noted (4%). Follicular lymphomas and anaplastic largecell lymphoma, seen among nodal NHL, were absent at extra nodal sites. Majority (41/68, 60%) of the patientswith pENL were immunocompetent and 55% were in stage I-II with favorable prognosis. Conclusion: Centralnervous system was the most common site of ENL, followed by gastrointestinal tract. Majority of pENL occurredin immunocompetent hosts with a favorable prognosis.
Central nervous system
primary extra nodal lymphoma
immunocompetent
2012
10
01
4889
4895
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26960_310bb489b16bc9eac47bbd0acc5504b6.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Effect of Mirtazapine on MNNG-Induced Gastric Adenocarcinoma in Rats
Objective: In this study, anticancer effects of mirtazapine on rats were investigated in an adenocarcinomamodel induced by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and compared with those of cisplatin. Materialsand Methods: For this purpose, 10 mg/kg doses of mirtazapine were administered orally to one group of rats, while1 mg/kg doses of cisplatin were administered intraperitoneally to another group. At 1 hour after administration,200 mg/kg doses of MNNG were given orally to both groups. MNNG administration was repeated once every10 days through 3 months, after which period, gastric tissue was taken and pathologically evaluated. Results:Mirtazapine prevented adenocarcinoma induction by MNNG in rats to a greater extent than cisplatin. Some of therats receiving cisplatin demonstrated severe dysplasia in gastric samples and others exhibited mild dysplasia. Ratsgiven mirtazapine were not observed to suffer severe dysplasia, only mild dysplasia being observed. Conclusion:For adenocarcinoma induced by MNNG on rats, mirtazapine was determined more effective than cisplatin. Inorder to make statement about mechanism of anticancer activity of mirtazapine, wider studies are required.
Gastric cancer
Rat
MNNG
mirtazapine
Cisplatin
Prevention
2012
10
01
4897
4900
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26961_b789afed1d614e5990415377ce0ac817.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Awareness of Cervical Cancer among Couples in a Slum Area of Mumbai
To assess the awareness of cervical cancer among couples, data were collected from two urban slums communityin Mumbai. A total of 1958 married women aged from 18 to 49 and their husbands were selected using simplerandom sampling. Women (37.7%) were significantly more aware of cervical cancer than husbands (8.7%). Aslight agreement (kappa statistics=0.16) was observed between husbands and wives on awareness of cervicalcancer. Significantly higher percentages of wives were aware of pap smear test than husbands. Overall, awarenessof cervical cancer and pap smear test among couples is low. There is need to educate and motivate both of themto participate in cervical cancer screening program.
Concordance couple
discordant
Pap smear test
Mumbai
2012
10
01
4901
4903
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26962_62017e87350c3feb23c2dfb24fdfac22.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Comprehensive Study on Associations Between Nine SNPs and Glioma Risk
Aim: Glioma cancer is the most common type of adult brain tumor. Recent genome-wide association studies(GWAS) have identified various new susceptibility regions and here we conducted an extensive analysis ofassociations between 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and glioma risk. Methods: A total of 197glioma cases and 197 health controls were selected, and 9 SNPs in 8 genes were analyzed using the SequenomMassARRAY platform and Sequenom Assay Design 3.1 software. Results: We found the MAF among selectedcontrols were consistent with the MAF from the NCBI SNP database. Among 9 SNPs in 8 genes, we identifiedfour significant SNP genotypes associated with the risk of glioma, C/C genotype at rs730437 and T/T genotypeat rs1468727 in ERGF were protective against glioma, whereas the T/T genotype at rs1799782 in XRCC1 andC/C genotype at rs861539 in XRCC3 conferred elevated risk. Conclusion: Our comprehensive analysis of nineSNPs in eight genes suggests that the rs730437 and rs1468727 in ERGF, rs1799782 in XRCC1 gene, and rs861539in XRCC3 gene are associated with glioma risk. These findings indicate that genetic variants of various genesplay a complex role in the development of glioma.
SNPs
EGRF
XRCC1
XRCC3
glioma risk
2012
10
01
4905
4908
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26963_18328b84e48c8db80a41745518c0fd80.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Association Between p53 codon 72 Polymorphism and Cervical Cancer Risk Among Asians: a Huge Review and Meta-analysis
Objective: The aim of this Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) review and meta-analysis was to derive amore precise estimation of the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism (Arg72Pro, rs1042522 G>C) andcervical cancer risk among Asians. Methods: A literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and CBMdatabases from inception through June 2012 was conducted. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA12.0 software. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength ofany association. Twenty-eight case-control studies were included with a total of 3,580 cervical cancer cases and3,827 healthy controls. When all the eligible studies were pooled into the meta-analysis, the results showed thatthe Pro/Pro genotype was associated with increased risk of cervical cancer under the heterozygous model (Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Pro: OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.02-1.53, P= 0.005). However, no statistically significant associations werefound under four other genetic models (Pro vs. Arg: OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.85-1.10, P= 0.624; Pro/Pro + Arg/Pro vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.70-1.01, P= 0.058; Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg + Arg/Pro: OR = 1.13, 95%CI:0.92-1.39, P= 0.242; Pro/Pro vs. Arg/Arg: OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.76-1.22, P= 0.765; respectively). In the subgroupanalysis based on country, the Pro/Pro genotype and Pro carrier showed significant associations with increasedrisk of cervical cancer among Indian populations, but not among Chinese, Japanese and Korean populations.Conclusion: Results from the current meta-analysis suggests that p53 codon 72 polymorphism might be associatedwith increased risk of cervical cancer, especially among Indians.
cervical cancer
p53 gene
Polymorphism
Asian
Susceptibility
Meta-analysis
2012
10
01
4909
4914
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26964_0914d89a4d823c591a8f98a96e20e23d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI Polymorphism and Liver Cancer Risk among East Asians: a Huge Review and Meta-analysis
Published data on any association between the CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI (c1/c2) polymorphism and liver cancer riskamong east Asians are inconclusive. The aim of this Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) review and metaanalysiswas to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship. A literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Webof science and CBM databases from inception through July 2012 was conducted. Twelve case-control studies wereincluded with a total of 1,552 liver cancer cases and 1,763 healthy controls. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95%confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association under five genetic models. When all theeligible studies were pooled into the meta-analysis, the results showed that the c2 allele and the c2 carrier (c2/c2+ c2/c1) of RsaI/PstI polymorphism were associated with decreased risk of liver cancer among east Asians (c2vs. c1: OR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.59-0.95, P = 0.016; c2/c2 + c2/c1 vs. c1/c1: OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.58-1.00, P = 0.050).In the stratified analysis by country, significant associations were observed between RsaI/PstI polymorphismand decreased risk of liver cancer among the Chinese population (c2 vs. c1: OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.54-0.91, P =0.007; c2/c2 + c2/c1 vs. c1/c1: OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.54-0.95, P = 0.020), but not among Japanese and Koreanpopulations. Results from the current meta-analysis indicates that the c2 allele of CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI (c1/c2)polymorphism may be a protective factor for HCC among east Asians, especially among China populations.
Liver cancer
CYP2E1
Polymorphism
East Asian
Susceptibility
Meta-analysis
2012
10
01
4915
4921
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26965_53f2e7b758e0da493b958b2b8be491e2.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
XRCC1 and ADPRT Polymorphisms Associated with Survival in Breast Cancer Cases Treated with Chemotherapy
Aim: To investigate whether XRCC1 and ADPRT polymorphisms might be associated with outcomes ofbreast cancer. Methods: A prospective study was conducted with a total of 335 breast cancer patients undergoingchemotherapy consecutively collected from Jan. 2005 to Jan. 2008. Genotyping of XRCC1 and ADPRTpolymorphisms was conducted by PCR-RFLP assay. Results: All 335 patients were followed up until death or theend of Jan. 2012, with a median follow-up period of 38.8 (2-64) months. It was shown that the variant genotypeof XRCC1 399Gln/Gln was strongly significantly associated with a decreased risk of death from breast cancer,with an HR (95% CI) of 0.52 (0.28-0.91). Similarly, individuals carrying the ADPRT 762Ala/Ala demonstratedlonger survival compared to ADPRT 762 Val/ Val, with an HR (95% CI) of 0.58 (0.31-0.97). Individuals withcombination genotypes of XRCC1 399Gln allele and ADPRT 762Ala/Ala presented with a longer survival, theHR (95% CI) being 0.56 (0.32-0.97). Conclusion: We found a significant association between XRCC1399Gln/Gln and ADPRT 762Ala/Ala polymorphisms and clinical outcomes. These two genotypes could be used as asurrogate markers of clinical outcome in glioma cases receiving chemotherapy.
breast cancer
XRCC1
ADPRT
Polymorphism
outcome
2012
10
01
4923
4926
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26966_09907e98e6a9008509b7d78d71b35939.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Occupational Cooking and Risk of Uveal Melanoma: a Metaanalysis
Background: Many observational studies have assessed the possible association between occupational cookingand uveal melanoma risk, but reported results are controversial. Our goal was to evaluate the association betweenoccupational cooking and uveal melanoma risk by conducting a meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods:PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched through June 2012 to identify all eligible studies. Thepooled odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was used to evaluate this association. Either afixed- or a random-effects model were used to calculate pooled ORs. Results: Five case-control studies involvinga total of 1,199 cases and 6,927 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, occupational cooking wasassociated with an increased risk of uveal melanoma (OR: 1.81, 95%CI 1.33-2.46, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysisby gender suggested occupational cooking was associated with increased risk of uveal melanoma in both men(OR: 2.16, 95%CI 1.06-4.40, P = 0.034) and women (OR: 1.92, 95%CI 1.19-3.10, P = 0.008). Conclusion: Thismeta-analysis suggests that occupational cooking is associated with an increased risk of uveal melanoma in bothmen and women.
Occupational cooking
uveal melanoma
Meta-analysis
Gender
2012
10
01
4927
4930
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26967_d708380b38f7416136732aa23322a991.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Hematuria Screening Test for Urinary Bladder Mucosal Infiltration in Cervical Cancer
Objective: To determine the diagnostic performance of hematuria as a screening test for urinary bladderinfiltration in cervical cancer patients with a prospective study design. Materials and Methods: Newly diagnosedcervical cancer patients at Srinagarind hospital from 14 June 2011 to 30 April 2012 were enrolled in this study.We collected midstream urine samples for urinalysis from every patient before routine cystoscopic exam forclinical staging. The presence of 3 or more red blood cells (RBCs) per high power field was defined as positivefor hematuria. A two-by-two table was used to determine the diagnostic performance of hematuria to detecturinary bladder mucosal infiltration using cystoscopy and biopsy as the gold standard. Result: A total of 130 werepatients included, 54 of which (41.5%) had hematuria. Of these, four patients (3.08%) had pathological reportfrom cystoscopic biopsy confirmed metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV,and accuracy of hematuria as a screening test to detect urinary bladder mucosal infiltration of cervical cancerwere 100%, 60.3%, 7.4%, 100%, and 61.5%, respectively. There was no single case of urinary bladder mucosalinfiltration in patients initially staged less than stage III. Conclusions: Hematuria can be used as a screening testto detect urinary bladder mucosal infiltration of cervical cancer. This can reduce the number of cervical cancerpatients who really need to undergo cystoscopy as a staging procedure to less than half and to less than 20% ifstage III or more were included without missing a single case of urinary bladder mucosal infiltration.
Hematuria
screening test
urinary bladder mucosal infiltration
cervical cancer
2012
10
01
4931
4933
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26968_716d28b41171e7af6a7d947ce6b3131a.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Fusion Between TMPRSS2 and ETS Family Members (ERG,ETV1, ETV4) in Prostate Cancers from Northern China
In this study we evaluated the frequency of fusion between TMPRSS2 and ETS family members (ERG, ETV1,ETV4) in prostate cancers in patients from northern China in order to explore differences in fusion rates amongregions in northern and southern China, other parts of Asia, Europe, and North America. We examined 100prostate cancer patients, diagnosed by means of prostate biopsy; fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) wasused to detect the expression of TMPRSS2, ERG, ETV1 and ETV4 in cancer tissue. Differences in gene fusionrates among different ethnics groups were also analyzed. Of the 100 prostate cancer patients, 55 (55%) hadthe fusion gene. Among the patients with the fusion gene, 46 (83.6%) patients had the TMPRSS2:ERG fusionproduct, 8 (14.8%) patients had TMPRSS2:ETV1 fusion, 1 (1.6%) patient had TMPRSS2:ETV4.
Prostate Cancer
Fluorescence
immunity hybrid
gene fusion
2012
10
01
4935
4938
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26969_fdafb0da220b618b751a00653bcc76bc.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Soluble CD30: A Possible Serum Tumor Marker for Primary Effusion Lymphoma
The serum level of soluble CD30 (sCD30) is known to be increased with several lymphomasand to correlate with prognosis. Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a highly aggressive malignant lymphomawith poor prognosis, but the existence and significance of sCD30 in PEL have not yet been investigated in detail.Objectives: Since the membrane type of CD30 is frequently expressed on the surface of PEL cells, we comparedthe expression of the membrane type of CD30 and the production of sCD30 among PEL cell lines as well asother lymphomas. Methods: The expression of surface CD30 in various lymphoma cell lines was analyzed withflow cytometry ans sCD30 was quantified by ELISA. Results: Both surface and sCD30 were detected on PELcell lines as well as on Hodgkin’s lymphoma and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cell lines. Surface CD30 andsCD30 levels of each cell lines correlated with each other. Conclusion: The serum level of sCD30 appear to be auseful biological tumor marker for the diagnosis and management of CD30-positive PEL.
Primary effusion lymphoma
soluble CD30
HIV-1
Tumor marker
malignant lymphoma
2012
10
01
4939
4941
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26970_8eafe951337b4d7b42e1c401b3ed5a6e.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Association of TERT rs2736098 Polymorphism with Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis
Studies have reported an association between the TERT rs2736098 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) andcancer susceptibility, but the results remain inconclusive. Toprovide a more precise estimation of the relationship,a meta-analysis of 8 published studies including 8,070 cases and 10,239 controls was performed. Stratification bysample size, genotyping method, source of controls and ethnicity were used to explore the source of heterogeneity.In the overall analysis, no significant association was found between the TERT rs2736098 polymorphism andcancer risk. However, the result showed the rs2736098 was significantly associated with an increased cancerrisk and the heterogeneity was effectively decreased for homozygote comparison by removal of two studies: OR= 1.337 (95% CI = 1.183-1.511; Pheterogeneity = 0.087). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, a significantlyincreased risk of cancers was found among Asians (OR = 1.413, 95% CI = 1.187–1.683 for AA versus GG). Ourmeta-analysis did not show that the TERT rs2736098 plays an important role in cancer risk. More studies withlarger sample size and well-matched controls are needed to confirm the findings.
TERT
GWAS
cancer susceptibility
Meta-analysis
2012
10
01
4943
4946
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26971_1f0ae4875c0529d407191e3798dad371.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Lentivirus-mediated shRNA Interference Targeting SLUG Inhibits Lung Cancer Growth and Metastasis
Objective: Lung cancer is a deadly cancer, whose kills more people worldwide than any other malignancy.SLUG (SNAI2, Snail2) is involved in the epithelial mesenchymal transition in physiological and in pathologicalcontexts and is implicated in the development and progression of lung cancer. Methods: We constructed a lentivirusvector with SLUG shRNA (LV-shSLUG). LV-shSLUG and a control lentivirus were infected into the non-smallcell lung cancer cell A549 and real-time PCR, Western blot and IHC were applied to assess expression of theSLUG gene. Cell proliferation and migration were detected using MTT and clony formation methods. Results:Real-time PCR, Western Blot and IHC results confirmed down-regulation of SLUG expression by its shRNAby about 80%~90% at both the mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of SLUG significantly suppressed lungcancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, knockdown of SLUG significantly inhibited lung cancer cell invasion andmetastasis. Finally, knockdown of SLUG induced the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of E-cadherin.Conclusion: These results indicate that SLUG is a newly identified gene associated with lung cancer growth andmetastasis. SLUG may serve as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of lung cancer in the future.
SLUG
Lung cancer
Proliferation
apoptosis-metastasis
2012
10
01
4947
4951
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26972_fd909c587021b3925a4c5a93b9c7a902.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Attitudes of Nurses toward Supportive Care for Advanced Cancer Patients
The purpose of this study was to determine how nurses recognize the need for supportive care ofadvanced cancer patients and to provide preliminary data on how adequate circumstances are to be set upand maintained in Korea. For the purpose of this study, we developed a preliminary questionnaire basedon a focus group of 8 nurses run by a clinical psychologist and administered it to 228 nurses in a cancerhospital, over a 3-month period. Participants of this study were nurses with more than 5 years’ experienceof treating advanced cancer patients. The result showed that 207 respondents (90.8%) agreed that a smoothcommunication system for treatment taking into account the symptoms experienced by patients andrehabilitation issues was needed. More than 80% agreed that the items needed for an integrated managementservice for advanced cancer patients should include psychological support, an integrated pain and symptommanagement, and education for the patient and his or her caregivers. These results strongly suggest that anew system distinct from palliative care or hospices is needed for patients with advanced cancer in Korea.
Supportive care
advanced cancer patient
integrated management service
2012
10
01
4953
4958
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26973_f9d420e1cae9b8ed82b5768f3b0aeb93.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Prognostic Factors for Survival of Patients with Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer - a Retrospective Single Institution Analysis
The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate prognostic factors associated with survival ofpatients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Included were 200 patients admitted to theLiberation Army General Hospital with a diagnosis of ES-SCLC. The demographics of patients, diseasecharacteristics, pre-treatment biochemical parameters and therapeutic plan were assessed or evaluated.Univariate analysis found that second-line chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and no liver metastasis were associatedwith improved survival. Tumor response to first-line chemotherapy and normal initial hemoglobin levels werealso associated with a survival benefit (all P-values ≤ 0.0369). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicatedthat liver metastasis and the total number of all chemotherapy cycles were independent prognostic factors ofsurvival. The morbidity risk in patients with liver metastasis was 2.52-fold higher than that in patients withoutliver metastasis (hazard ratio (HR)=2.52 (1.69-3.76); P<0.0001). However, one unit increase in the total numberof chemotherapy cycles decreased the risk of death by 0.86-fold (HR=0.86 (0.80-0.92); P<0.0001). Absence ofliver metastasis and ability of a patient to receive and tolerate multiple lines of chemotherapy were associatedwith longer survival.
small cell lung cancer
extensive stage
Prognosis
liver metastasis
Chemotherapy
2012
10
01
4959
4962
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26974_998c2eb428a67af15f3f72b213e3c229.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Diabetes Mellitus and Renal Cell Carcinoma - A Hospital Based Study from Kathmandu Valley
Objective: To diagnose renal cell carcinoma at early stages and for better prognosis , the main objectiveof our current study was to understand any association with diabetes with relation to age, gender, history ofdisease, diabetic laboratory parameters, tumor size and grade. Materials and Methods: This hospital basedstudy was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistryof Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences between 1st December, 2011 and 31st May, 2012. The variablescollected were age, gender, HbA1c, serum creatinine, fasting blood glucose. One way ANOVA was applied toexamine statistical significance of differences between groups. The LSD post hoc test was used for the comparisonof means of case groups. Results: Of the total 140 cases of renal cell carcinoma, 79 patients were also sufferingfrom diabetes mellitus. The number of females (47) was more in diabetic RCC patients when compared to males(32). Significance was observed in levels of serum creatinine for tumor size >10cm (0.0001*). The highest valueof glycated hemoglobin (8.9%) and fasting blood sugar(148.3mg/dl)in cases of renal cell carcinoma along withdiabetes mellitus was found in tumour size of 1-5cm. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus has independent prognosticsignificance in RCC in relation to tumour size and grade
Diabetes Mellitus
renal cell carcinoma
tumour size
grade- Kathmandu
2012
10
01
4963
4965
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26975_b9c3684e5acb769f6c3e14ce7c9fcebc.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Null Genotype of GSTT1 Contributes to Esophageal Cancer Risk in Asian Populations: Evidence from a Meta-analysis
Background/Aims: Glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1), a phase-II enzyme, plays an important rolein detoxification of carcinogen electrophiles. Many studies have investigated the association between GSTT1polymorphism and esophageal cancer risk in Asian populations, but its actual impact is not clear owing toapparent inconsistencies among those studies. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to explore the effect of GSTT1polymorphism on the risk of developing esophageal cancer. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Embase, andWanfang databases up to August 2012 was conducted and 15 eligible papers were finally selected, involving a totalof 1,626 esophageal cancer cases and 2,216 controls. We used the pooled odds ratio (OR) with its corresponding95% confidence interval (95%CI) to estimate the association of GSTT1 polymorphism with esophageal cancerrisk. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed to further identify the association. Results:Meta-analysis of total studies showed the null genotype of GSTT1 was significantly associated with an increasedrisk of esophageal cancer in Asians (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.05-1.52, POR=0.015, I2=42.7%). Subgroup analyses bysample size and countries also identified a significant association. Sensitivity analysis further demonstrated arelationship of GSTT1 polymorphism to esophageal cancer risk in Asians. Conclusions: The present meta-analysisof available data showed a significant association between the null genotype of GSTT1 and an increased risk ofesophageal cancer in Asians, particularly in China.
Esophageal Cancer
gene polymorphism
Glutathione S-transferase T1
Meta-analysis
2012
10
01
4967
4971
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26699_15a1015f3f2a44b38d91b5e264a49a47.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Attempting Tobacco Cessation - An Oral Physician’s Perspective
Introduction: Tobacco use is a global health care problem. Repetitive exposure to nicotine producesneuroadaptation resulting in nicotine dependence. Smoking is associated with a range of diseases, causing highlevels of morbidity and mortality and is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths, with more than 4.6million smokers worldwide dying each year from smoking related illnesses. Stopping smoking has major healthbenefits. Quitting at any age provides both short and long term benefits. Materials and methods: 45 patientsattending the outpatient department at the Oxford Dental College, Bangalore, were randomly allocated to threegroups of interventions namely placebo, counseling and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Initially each onewas assessed for carbon monoxide levels using a breath analyser (pico smokerlyser bedfont UK). They werefollowed up for six months and the carbon monoxide levels were again assessed using the same instrument.The paired t test was used to compare the results before and after the intervention. Results: The scores beforethe initiation of intervention and after treatment were compared and all three interventions were found to bestatistically significant after six months. It was noticed that patients with very low or low dependence followedby high dependence had good response in the placebo group (68% and 47.6% respectively), in the counselinggroup maximum response was seen in the medium followed by the very low group (61% and 59% respectively),and maximum response was seen in very high followed by the very low group with NRT (78.7% and 60.5%respectively). Conclusion: The inference that can be drawn from the present study is that non-invasive, nonpharmacological methods like placebo and counseling are effective in low to medium groups, and NRT is effectivewith higher nicotine dependence.
Tobacco cessation
smoke analyser
nicotine replacement therapy
nicoine dependence
2012
10
01
4973
4977
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26700_6dbced1f1bfd819ace3936a670801786.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Risk Factors of Breast Cancer among Women in Eastern India: A Tertiary Hospital Based Case Control Study
Aim: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers of women in India with high fatality rate. Over a 1year study period 105 consecutive biopsy or fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed breast cancer patientswere interviewed by direct questionnaire method regarding risk factors attending Surgery and RadiotherapyOPD of Medical College Kolkata, West Bengal while taking other 105 patients attending Surgery Departmentfor some other disease as controls. The data were compiled in MS Excel 2007 and analyzed by Epi info 3.5.1software. Among the cases, rural residence, illiteracy and low socio-economic status was significantly higherthan controls. Late onset of menarche, late onset of menopause, ever OCP usage, breast feeding for 1-2 yearsand age of 1st childbirth between 20-30 years were found to be significant protective factors. People should bemade aware regarding the modifiable risk factors to prevent breast cancer.
breast cancer
multiparity
Breast feeding
menarche
menopause
age of 1st child birth
India
2012
10
01
4979
4981
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26701_7cb8e48ae75b47a2a678c3fbc22ab2bd.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
XPC 939A>C and 499C>T Polymorphisms and Skin Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis
The xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C gene (XPC) has been identified as important forrepairing UV-related DNA damage. Some subtle changes in this gene may impair repair efficiency and influencesusceptibility to human cancers, including skin cancer. Two polymorphisms in XPC, 939A>C (rs2228001) and499C>T (rs2228000), are considered to have possible associations with the risk of skin cancer, but the reportedresults have been inconsistent. Here we performed a meta-analysis of the available evidence regarding therelationship between these two polymorphisms and the risk of skin cancer. All relevant studies were searchedusing PubMed, Embase and Web of Science before February 2012. A total of 8 case-control studies were includedin this analysis, and no convincing associations between the two polymorphisms and risk of skin cancer wereobserved in any of the genetic models. Stratified analyses by skin cancer type also did not detect significantassociations in any subgroup. This meta-analysis suggested that the XPC 939A>C and 499C>T polymorphismsmay have little involvement in susceptibility to skin cancer.
XPC
Polymorphism
Skin Cancer
Meta-analysis
2012
10
01
4983
4988
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26976_0730e186c6d12e5c8a93c85b32c7f5dc.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Wire-guided Localization Biopsy to Determine Surgical Margin Status in Patients with Non-palpable Suspicious Breast Lesions
Purpose: Guide-wire localization (GWL) has been a standard technique for many years. Excision of nonpalpablemalignant breast lesions with clear surgical margins reduces the risk of undergoing re-excision. Theobjective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of GWL biopsy for assessing surgical margins. Methods:This retrospective study concerned 53 patients who underwent GWL biopsy for non-palpable breast lesionsand breast carcinoma diagnosed by histological examination. Age of the patients, tumour size, radiographicfindings, breast density specifications, specimen volumes, menopausal status and family history of the patientsand surgical margin status were recorded. Results: Median age was 53.3 years, median tumour size was 1.5 cmand median specimen volume was 71.5 cm3. In fifteen patients (28%) DCIS and in 38 patients (72%) invasiveductal carcinoma was diagnosed. There was positive surgical margins in twenty eight (52.8%) patients. Themedian distance to the nearest surgical margin was 7.2 mm in clear surgical margins. Younger age and denserbreast specifications were found as statistically significant factors for surgical margin status. Median age of thepatients who had positive margins was 49.4 years where it was 56.9 years in the patients with negative margins(p=0.04). 79% of the patients with positive margins had type 3-4 pattern breast density according to BIRADSclassification as compared to 48% in the patients who had negative margins (p=0.03). Some 38 patients whohad positive or close surgical margins received re-excision (72%). Conclusion: Positive margin rates may behigher because of inherent biological differences and diffuse growth patterns in younger patients. There are alsotechnical difficulties that are relevant to denser fibroglandular tissue in placing hooked wire. High re-excisionrates must be taken into consideration while performing GWL biopsy in non-palpable breast lesions.
breast lesions
wire guided biopsy
surgical margin
factors
2012
10
01
4989
4992
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26977_81688206e08af8fa9276ddfb15c1eafc.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Genotoxic and Anti-Genotoxic Effects of Vanillic Acid Against Mitomycin C-Induced Genomic Damage in Human Lymphocytes In Vitro
Vanillic acid, a vegetable phenolic compound, is a strong antioxidant. The aim of the present study was todetermine its effects on mitomycin C-induced DNA damage in human blood lymphocyte cultures in vitro, bothalone and in combination with mitomycin C (MMC). The cytokinesis block micronucleus test and alkalinecomet assay were used to determine genotoxic damage and anti-genotoxic effects of vanillic acid at the DNAand chromosome levels. MMC induced genotoxicity at a dose of 0.25 μg/ml. Vanillic acid (1 μg/ml) significantlyreduced both the rates of DNA damaged cells and the frequency of micronucleated cells. A high dose of vanillicacid (2 μg/ml) itself had genotoxic effects on DNA. In addition, both test systems showed similar results whentested with the negative control, consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in combination with vanillic acid (1μg/ml)+MMC. In conclusion, vanillic acid could prevent oxidative damage to DNA and chromosomes when usedat an appropriately low dose.
Vanillic acid
anti-genotoxic
mitomycin-C
genotoxicity
micronucleus
comet assay
2012
10
01
4993
4998
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26978_93ff6f8ab82194afc3220fa1c3f9ec88.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Metabolic Syndrome and Colorectal Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Introduction: There is epidemiological evidence indicating that the metabolic syndrome increases the riskof colorectal cancer. Since there is little information about this issue in Iran, the present study was conducted toevaluate prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in patients with colorectal cancer. Material andMethods: This cross-sectional survey involved 200 patients with a new diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Demographicinformation of patients was collected through the interview with them. Components of metabolic syndromeincluding fasting glucose serum, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, blood pressure and waist circumferencewere measured for all of the patients. Results: A total of 72 colorectal cancer patients (36%) met metabolicsyndrome criteria with rates of 76% for women and 24% for men. BMI in metabolic syndrome patients washigher than other colorectal cancer patients. Disease history including hypertension, diabetes and cardiovasculardisease was most frequent in metabolic syndrome patients. Pathological characteristics of colorectal cancerwere not significantly associated with the disease. Conclusion: The findings of present study indicated that theprevalence of metabolic syndrome in CRC patients is relatively high. Therefore, further analytical and multicentric studies are needed to better understand the role of metabolic syndrome in development of CRC in Iran.If this association is confirmed in future studies, metabolic syndrome patients should be considered in CRCscreening programs.
colorectal cancer
Metabolic Syndrome
Diabetes
Hyperlipidemia
2012
10
01
4999
5002
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26979_db7170734dd6ea6f69ff218f1fbd7d6e.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Esophageal Cancer Mortality during 2004-2009 in Yanting County, China
Objective: Yanting County is a high risk area for esophageal cancer (EC) in China. The purpose of this studywas to describe the mortality and mortality change of EC from 2004 to 2009 in Yanting County. Methods: ECmortality data from 2004 to 2009 obtained from the Cancer Registry in Yanting were analyzed. Annual percentagechanges (APC) were calculated to assess the trends in EC mortality. Age-standardized mortality was calculatedbased on world standard population of 2000. Results: The average EC mortality was 54.7/105 in males and31.6/105 in females over the 6 years. A decline in EC mortality with time was observed in both genders, with arate of -8.70% per year (95% CI: -13.23%~-3.93%) in females and -4.11% per year (95%CI: -11.16%~3.50%)in males. Conclusion: EC mortality decreased over the six years in both genders, although it remained high inthe Yanting area. There is still a need to carry out studies of risk factors for improved cancer prevention andfurther reduction in the disease burden.
China
Esophageal Cancer
mortality
mortality change
Yanting County
2012
10
01
5003
5006
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26980_c58c7424a57efb5cfb9dc57202f29577.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Prediction Value of XRCC 1 Gene Polymorphism on the Survival of Ovarian Cancer Treated by Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Objective: We conducted a prospective study to test the association between three amino acid substitutionpolymorphismic variants of DNA repair genes, XRCC1 (Arg194Trp), XRCC1(Arg280His) and XRCC1(Arg399Gln), and clinical outcome of ovarian cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods:195 patients with primary advanced ovarian cancer and treated by adjuvant chemotherapy were included in ourstudy. All were followed-up from Jan. 2007 to Jan. 2012. Genotyping of XRCC1 polymorphisms was conductedby TaqMan Gene Expression assays. Results: The XRCC1 194 Trp/Trp genotype conferred a significant riskof death from ovarian cancer when compared with Arg/Arg (HR=1.56, 95%CI=1.04-3.15). Similarly, thosecarrying the XRCC1 399 Gln/Gln genotype had a increased risk of death as compared to the XRCC1 399Arg/Arg genotype with an HR (95% CI) of 1.98 (1.09-3.93). Conclusion: This study is the first to provide evidencethat XRCC1 gene polymorphisms would well be useful as surrogate markers of clinical outcome in ovariancancer cases undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
Ovarian Cancer
XRCC1
Adjuvant chemotherapy
Polymorphism
2012
10
01
5007
5010
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26981_ba8bc28d3ad01d0c6770db248f1ca536.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Training Program to Raise Consciousness Among Adolescents for Protection Against Skin Cancer through Performance of Skin Self Examination
Background: Overexposure to sunlight in childhood and the adolescent period and associsated sunburnssignificantly increase the risk of skin cancer in adulthood. In Turkey, the incidence of skin cancer in the generalpopulation is 0.8%. The incidence is 0.6% and the mortality rate is 0.4% for men, while these rates are 1.0%and 0.7%, respectively, for women. If skin cancer is found early, its treatment is facilitated. Therefore, personalskin examination is important for early diagnosis. Objectives: Our aim was to determine the effects of trainingfor raising consciousness among adolescents to protect against skin cancer by influencing skin self examinationbehavior. Method: This quasi experimental intervention study was conducted between February and April 2012 inIzmir. The study population consisted of students attending 6th, 7th and 8th classes of a primary school (n:302). Nosampling was performed. Data were collected with a form developed by the researchers based on the literature.The first part of form is aimed to determine demographic characteristics of adolescents (3 questions) and theirrisk status of skin cancer (6 questions). The second part was prepared for skin cancer risks of adolescents (8questions) and indications of skin cancer (12 questions). The last part was intended to determine their knowledgeabout skin self examination (4 questions) and behavioral stages of skin self examination (1 question). Datacollection was achieved with a questionnaire form in three phases. In the 1st phase, data about demographiccharacteristics of students, risk status of skin cancer, knowledge level of skin cancer and behavior stages werecollected. In the 2nd phase, skin self examination training based on the transtheoretical model was performedwithin the same day just after obtaining preliminary data. In the 3rd phase, adolescents were followed up threetimes to establish the efficacy of the training (on the 15th day after training program and at end of the 1st and2nd months). Follow-up data were evaluated by questioning skin self examination performing behavior stagesthrough electronic mail. Results: Half of the adolescents (50.5%) are male, and 58.4% of them are 13 yearsold with a mean age of 12±1.15 years. About 29.4% of adolescents had brown hair color, 37.9% had brown/hazel eye color, 29.4% had white skin, and 47.2% had fewer than 10 moles in their body. The pretest meanscore on knowledge level about risks of skin cancer was found to be 4.19±1.96, while the post-test mean scorewas 6.79±1.67 (min:0, max:8).The pretest mean score about indications of skin cancer was 7.45±3.76, while thepost-test mean score was 10.7±2.60 (min:0, max:12). The increases were statistically significant (p<0.05). Thebehavior “I do not perform skin self examination regularly in every month and I do not think to perform it inthe next 6 months” was reduced from 52.8 to 35.5% after training. Conclusion: The training program organizedto raise consciousness among adolescents for protection against skin cancer increased the knowledge level aboutrisks and indications of skin cancer and it also improved the behavior of performing skin self examination.
Adolescent
Skin Cancer
skin self examination
Turkey
2012
10
01
5011
5017
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26982_f6e016fb8ec8628f97e08e45b6a1b26f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Predictive Role of GSTs on the Prognosis of Breast Cancer Patients with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of GST gene polymorphisms with regard to prognosis of breastcancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 159 patients were included in our studybetween January 2005 and January 2007. All the patients were followed up until January 2012. Genotypingwas based upon the duplex polymerase-chain-reaction with the PCR-CTPP method. Results: Patients withnull GSTM1 and GSTP1 Val/Val genotypes had significantly had better response rates to chemotherapy whencompared with non-null GSTM1 and GSTP1 Ile/ Ile genotypes (OR=1.96 and OR=2.14, respectively). Patientswith the GSTM1 null genotype had a longer average survival time and significantly lower risk of death thandid those with non-null genotypes (HR=0.66). Similarly, those carrying the GSTP1 Val/Val genotype had 0.54-fold the risk of death of those with GSTP1 Ile/ Ile (HR=0.54). Conclusion: A significant association was foundbetween GSTM1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms and clinical outcomes in breast cancer cases.
GSTM1
GSTT1
GSTP1
breast cancer
Chemotherapy
2012
10
01
5019
5022
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26983_b15b0b119d8363a9414e143b95b941c2.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Specific CCND1 G870A Alleles Associated with Breast Cancer Susceptibility: a Meta-analysis of 5,528 Cases and 5,353 Controls
Background: The Cyclin D1(CCND1) G870A polymorphism may be associated with breast cancer, but theevidence from individual studies is inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation betweenthe CCND1 G870A polymorphism and breast cancer risk in a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Wesearched Pubmed and analysed 11 articles on 5,528 cases and 5,353 controls before February 1, 2012. Results:we found there are significant association for AA versus GG and AA versus GA/GG. No significant associationswere found for GA versus GG, GA/AA versus GG. There are significant association for AA versus GG ,and AAversus GA/GG in Caucasians. We didn’t find any significant main effects for G870A polymorphism on breastcancer risk either in recessive or dominant models in Asians. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that AAof the CCND1 G870A polymorphism is associated with breast cancer susceptibility.
CCND1
breast cancer
Meta-analysis
2012
10
01
5023
5025
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26984_cd206e327454133bc677d6063aecf9f8.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Expression of Survivin and Caspase 3 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Peritumoral Tissue
This study was conducted to investigate the expression of survivin and caspase 3 in oral squamous cellcarcinoma and peritumoral tissue, and possible pathogenesis mechanisms. We used ELISA and western blottingto detect the protein expression levels of survivin and caspase 3 in tissue. In situ hybridization and real-timePCR were applied to assess mRNA expression levels. In this study, 13 tumor samples and 13 peritumoral tissuesamples were collected from oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and 10 normal tissue samples obtained frompatients without tumor. The result showed that the protein and mRNA expression of survivin in carcinomawas the highest among three types of tissue; following was that in peritumoral tissue. No difference in caspase3 zymogen between peritumoral tissue and normal tissue could be found, while it was evidently decreased incarcinoma tissue. Activated caspase 3 was detected in normal tissue but could not be identified in peritumoralor carcinoma tissue. Our results indicate that the expression of survivin is apparently elevated in tumoral andperitumoral tissue. Expression of activated caspase 3 was not detected in tumoral tissue and the expressionof caspase 3 zymogen was decreased in tumoral tissue. Our findings suggest that survivin may inhibit bothsynthesis and activation of caspase 3, hence inhibiting cell apoptosis and facililitating eventual development oforal squamous cell carcinoma.
Survivin
caspase 3
oral squamous cell carcinoma
Apoptosis
2012
10
01
5027
5031
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26985_fc680bce1a1410058f22af618c18d98c.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Clinical Implications of p57KIP2 Expression in Breast Cancer
Objective: To study the relationship between expression of p57KIP2 and prognosis and other clinicopathologicalparameters in invasive breast cancers. Methods: We assessed the expression of p57KIP2 in 89 cases of invasivebreast cancer and 20 cases of normal breast tissue by immunohistochemical methods and analyzed the resultswith SPSS software (ver. 16.0). Result: The positive expression rates of p57KIP2 protein in the invasive breastcancers and surrounding normal tissue were 30.3% (27/89) and 65% (13/20), respectively. Cases with nop57KIP2 expression exhibited a significantly higher post-operative distant metastasis rate than those with p57KIP2expression (37.9% vs. 14.8%; P = 0.01). DFS analysis showed that p57KIP2-/C-erbB-2+ tumors also exhibited asignificantly higher post-operative distant metastasis rate than the other groups (66.7% vs. 29.2%; P = 0.007),as did p57KIP2-/p53+ tumors (64.3% vs. 22.7%; P = 0.001). Survival analysis revealed that p57KIP2 was associatedwith breast cancer-specific survival overall (P = 0.045, log-rank test). Subgroup analysis demonstrated thatindividuals with p57KIP2-/C-erbB-2+tumors experienced significantly worse post-operative survival than thosewith p57KIP2- /C-erbB-2- or other tumors (P = 0.006, log-rank test). p57KIP2-/p53+ tumors were associated withsignificantly worse post-operative survival than p57KIP2-/p53- or other tumors (P = 0.001, log-rank test). Coxregression analysis showed that p57KIP2 was a non-independent prognostic factor for breast cancer (P = 0.303).Conclusions: p57KIP2 is expressed at low levels in invasive breast cancer and is associated with better overallsurvival rate and disease-free survival in breast cancer patients, but it was a non-independent prognostic factorfor breast cancer. Thus, the connection between p57KIP2/p53 and p57KIP2/C-erbB-2 may provide biomarkers forbreast cancer.
breast cancer
P57KIP2
Biomarker
2012
10
01
5033
5036
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26986_c8983faae84b46d799b795fa8fa5925d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Impact of Tobacco on Glutathione S Transferase Gene Loci of Indian Ethnics
Background: Tobacco contains agents which generate various potent DNA adducts that can cause genemutations. Production of DNA adducts may be neutralized by glutathione S transferase (GST) along with otherphase I and phase II enzyme systems. The existence of null type of GST among the population increases thesusceptibility to various disorders and diseases. The present study focuses on the impact of high tobacco usage andpossible null type mutation in GST loci. Methods: Genotypes of GST were detected by multiplex polymerase chainreaction in unrelated 504 volunteers of high tobacco using natives of Gujarat. Allelic frequencies were calculatedusing Statistical Package for Social Studies-16 software. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) was calculatedusing Chi square test. Two sided Fisher’s significance test was used to compare allelic frequencies of differentpopulations. Results: The frequency of homozygous null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were 20% (95% CI16.7-23.9) and 35.5% (95% CI 31.4-39.9) respectively. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 null allele frequency distributionin the Gujarat population was significantly deviating from HWE. GSTT1 null frequency of Gujaratians wassignificantly higher and different to all reported low tobacco using Indian ethnics, while GSTM1 was not differingsignificantly. Conclusion: Tobacco usage significantly influences the rate of mutation and frequency of GSTT1and M1 null types among the habituates. The rate of mutation in GSTT1 loci was an undeviating response tothe dose of tobacco usage among the population. This mutational impact of tobacco on GSTT1 postulates thepossible gene - environment interaction and selection of null genotype among the subjects to prone them undersusceptible status for various cancers and even worst to cure the population with GSTT1 dependent drugs.
Tobacco usage
DNA adducts
GSTT1
GSTM1
Mutation
susceptible
Indian Ethnics
2012
10
01
5037
5042
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26987_d9973581c1ad3c1f5999b619116d1691.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Serum Zinc Status and Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Gastric Disease Patients
The role of Helicobacter pylori status and serum zinc value in gastric disease patients and healthy controlswere investigated. Cases used in this work were 45 gastric cancer patients, 44 with peptic ulcers, 52 sufferinggastritis and 64 healthy controls, all diagnosed histologically with the controls undergoing medical checkups.Helicobacter pylori status and serum levels of Zn were determined by 13C-urea breath test and flame atomicabsorption spectrophotometer, respectively. Our study showed that Helicobacter pylori infection has no changein gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer group, on the contrast, serum levels of Zn were significantly reducedin gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer group, compared with healthy controls, and the higher the Zn levelsare, the more increased risk of gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection is a cause of gastritis, peptic ulcers andeven gastric cancer, while serum zinc level is an indicator of protection of gastric membranes against damage
Helicobacter pylori
serum zinc
Gastric cancer
peptic ulcers
Gastritis
2012
10
01
5043
5046
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26988_c5a196c39e07c58c42b016e966d9e937.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor Status in Breast Cancer in Relation to Age, Histological Grade, Size of Lesion and Lymph Node Involvement
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy of women in Kashmir. This study was conductedwith the objective of assessing hormone receptor positivity and its correlation with age at diagnosis, tumor size,histological grade and lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods: 132 newly diagnosed cases of invasivebreast cancer diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, SKIMS, Srinagar, J&K, were included after excludingbiopsies, in-situ lesions and recurrence cases. Results: Mean age of the patients was 48.2 years, 59.1% being≤50 years of age. Mean duration of symptoms was 6.32 months. Most lesions (65.1%) were 2-5 cm and 16.7%were ≥5.0 cm in greatest dimension. The predominant (80.3%) morphology was IDC-NOS. The majority of thecases presented as grade II (52.1%) lesions and lymph node involvement was present in 65.2%. ER and PRwere positive in 66.3% and 63.4% cases, respectively, increasing with rising age. High grade lesions and largersize tumors were more likely to be ER and PR negative. No correlation was found between ER/PR status andlymph node metastasis. Conclusions: ER and PR expression in breast cancers in the current study was found tobe higher than studies done in India/Asia but lower than studies conducted in the West, even on Indian/Asianimmigrants. Markedly lower receptor expression in Indian/Asian studies is likely due to preanalytic variables,thresholds for positivity, and interpretation criteria. American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of AmericanPathologists Guideline Recommendations for Immunohistochemical Testing of Estrogen and ProgesteroneReceptors in Breast Cancer are strongly advocated for standardization of receptor evaluation and for clinicalmanagement of breast cancer patients to provide best therapeutic options.
breast cancer
Estrogen Receptor
progestrone receptor
preanalytic variables
2012
10
01
5047
5052
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26989_12e5dda252d3cb89469cce9a8b17bf7f.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Epidemiologic and Socioeconomic Status of Bladder Cancer in Mazandaran province, Northern Iran
Background: Bladder cancer is one the most common malignancies of the genitourinary tract. The presentstudy aimed to assess the epidemiology, of bladder cancer in Mazandaran, a large province in northern Iranas high-incidence cancer area, during a 2-year period. Methods: The data for this study were obtained fromthe population-based cancer registry of the Vice-Chancellory for Health Affairs of Mazandaran University ofMedical Sciences and Mazandaran hospitals between March 1, 2010 and March 1, 2011. Demographic data,including sex, age, residency and symptoms were investigated through careful review of medical records. Usinga questionnaire protocol, several variables were assessed for these cases such as smoking, history of opium,vegetable consumption habits, and history of other cancers. Results: A total of 112 cases were analyzed, 98 (87.5%)in men and 14 (12.5%) in women (mean age of 68.0±14.6 years). Urban and rural residence were 60.7% and39.3%. Tobacco and opium use were found in 45.5% and 21.4% of patients, respectively. Approximately 60%consumed vegetables an average of fewer than one time per day. Hematuria was the first symptom in these caseswhich were mainly diagnosed as having bladder cancer by ultrasonography. Conclusion: The results showedthat bladder cancer tends to be found in the elderly and the male to female ratio is high. Macroscopic hematuriais a very important symptom for indicating probably urothelial tumor that should be followed up patients withtransabdominal ultrasonography as a routine modality.
Epidemiology
bladder cancer
Socioeconomic factors
Northern Iran
2012
10
01
5053
5056
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26990_fe873470b6760628b2f7e24f3e34fa65.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Factors Potentially Associated with Chemotherapy-induced Anemia in Patients with Solid Cancers
Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) is one of the most important causes of anemia in cancerpatients. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characteristics of CIA in solid cancer patientsin the Chinese population, and to explore the relationship of white blood cell (WBC) or platelet decrease withCIA. Methods: Data on age, gender, tumor diagnosis, anti-cancer treatment and blood cell analyses were availablefrom 220 untreated non-anemic cancer patients who received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy, and the data wereanalyzed to assess their relationship with CIA or its severity. Results: 139 patients (63.2%) presented anemia,most being Grade 1 or 2. Esophageal and lung cancers were associated with a high prevalence. G3/4 leucopeniaand decrease of platelets were identified as independent risk factors for the occurrence of CIA. Moreover, G3/4leucopenia, decrease of platelet and G3/4 thrombocytopenia were found to be also associated with the severity ofCIA. Cisplatin-containing regimens were a main potential factor in causing CIA, although significant associationwas only found on univariate analysis. Conclusion: Anemia or decrease in hematoglobin are common in Chinesecancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cisplatin-containing regimens might be an important factor influencingthe occurrence of CIA. Our analysis firstly described some risk factors, such as decrease of platelets or WBCs,severity of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia, associated with the occurrence and severity of CIA.
Chemotherapy-induced anemia
cancer
Cisplatin
leucopenia
thrombocytopenia
2012
10
01
5057
5061
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26991_34642f1c1a4af1f0449dca4b1049fad2.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Synaptic Vesicle Protein 2 (SV2) Isoforms
New molecular markers of cancer had emerged with novel applications in cancer prevention and therapeutics,including for breast cancer of unknown causes, which has a high impact on the health of women worldwide. Thepurpose of this research was to detemine protein and mRNA expression of synaptic vesicle 2 (SV2) isoforms A, Band C in breast cancer cell lines. Cultured cell lines MDA-MB-231, SKBR3, T47D were lysed and their proteinand mRNA expression analyzed by real-time PCR and western blot technique, respectively. SV2A, B proteinswere identified in non-tumor (MCF-10A) and tumor cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and T47D) while SV2C only wasfound in the T47D cell line. Furthermore, the genomic expression was consistent with protein expression for asuch cell line, but in MDA-MB-231 there was no SV2B genomic expression, and the SV2C mRNA and proteinwere not found in the non tumoral cell line. These findings suggest a possible cellular transdifferentiation toneural character in breast cancer, of possible relevance to cancer development, and point to possible use of SV2as molecular marker and a vehicle for cancer treatment with botulinum toxin.
SV2A
SV2B
SV2C
breast-cancer
protein/gene expression
BoNTA
2012
10
01
5063
5067
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26992_4e68a4667e770a7313e808a9e021398c.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Relationships among MTHFR a1298c Gene Polymorphisms and Methylation Status of Dact1 Gene in Transitional Cell Carcinomas
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between methylation status of theDact1 gene and MTHFR a1298c polymorphic forms in transitional cell carcinoma tissues in a Chinese population.Methods: Polymorphisms of folate metabolism enzyme gene MTHFR were assessed by restrictive fragmentlength polymorphism (RFLP) methods and PCR-based DNA methylation analysis was used to determine theCpG island methylation status of the Dact1 gene. Associations between the methylation status of the Dact1gene and clinical characteristics, as well as MTHFR a1298c polymorphisms, were analyzed. Results: aberrantmethylation of the Dact1 gene was found in 68.3% of cancer tissues and 12.4% of normal tissues,. The methylationrate of the Dact1 gene in cancer tissues was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than inthose without lymph node metastasis (46.3% vs. 17.2%, P = 0.018). No association was found between aberrantDNA methylation and selected factors including sex, age, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and green teaconsumption. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, variant allele of MTHFR a1298c was foundto be associated with methylation of the Dact1 gene. Compared with wild type CC, the odds ratio was 4.33 (95%CI: 1.06–10.59) for AC and 4.95 (95% CI: 1.18–12.74) for AA. The N stage in TNM staging and the occurrence oflymph node metastasis were associated with an MTHFR 1298 AA+AC genotype (P<0.05). Conclusion: MTHFR1298 AC and AA genotypes might help maintain a normal methylation status of the Dact1 gene, aberrant CpGisland methylation of which is closely related to the genesis and progression of transitional cell carcinoma.
MTHFR
Folate
Epidemiology
methylation
Transitional cell carcinoma
Dact1
2012
10
01
5069
5074
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26993_8467da7074b006bda35dc557d8c3d990.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Lack of Association Between Interleukin-8-251 T>A Polymorphism and Colorectal Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis based on 3,019 Cases and 3,984 Controls
Purpose: The results of recent published studies focusing on IL-8 polymorphism in colorectal cancersusceptibility have often been inconsistent. We therefore carried out a meta-analysis based on independentstudies to assess the association. Methods: Nine case-control studies with 7,003 individuals (3,019 cases and 3,984controls) were included in this meta-analysis through searching the databases of PubMed, Excerpta MedicaDatabase (EMBASE), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM; Chinese) (up to Aug 1st, 2012).The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to assess the strength of the association.Meta-analysis was conducted in a fixed/random effect model. Results: No obvious associations were found forall genetic models when all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis (for A vs. T: OR = 1.084, 95% CI = 0.971-1.209, P = 0.019; for TA vs. TT: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.943-1.475, P = 0.001; for AA vs. TT: OR = 1.155, 95% CI= 0.916-1.456, P = 0.014; for AA+TA vs. TT: OR = 1.170, 95% CI =0.953-1.437, P = 0.001; for AA vs. TT+TA:OR = 1.044, 95% CI = 0.886-1.230, P = 0.097). In the subgroup analyses by ethnicity (Caucasian) and sourceof controls (population based), also no significant associations were found for all genetic models. Conclusions:Result suggests that the IL-8-251T>A polymorphism is not associated with colorectal cancer risk. Because ofthe limitations of this meta-analysis, this finding demands further investigation.
colorectal cancer
Polymorphism
Meta-analysis
Interleukin-8
2012
10
01
5075
5079
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26994_3732bb3aa985c4c862f712620204ecdf.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Clinical Characteristics and Survival Analysis of Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes with Hepatic Metastases
Background: The liver is one of the most common metastatic sites of breast cancer, hepatic metastasesdeveloping in 6%-25% of patients with breast cancer and being associated with a poor prognosis. The aim ofthis study was to analyze the survival and clinical characteristics of patients with hepatic metastases from breastcancer of different molecular subtypes and to investigate the prognostic and predictive factors that effect clinicaloutcome. Methods: We retrospectively studied the charts of 104 patients with breast cancer hepatic metastasesdiagnosed at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from December 1990 to June 2009. Subtypes were definedas luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) enriched, triple-negative (TN).Prognostic factor correlations with clinical features and treatment approaches were assessed at the diagnosis ofhepatic metastases. Results: The median survival time was 16.0 months, and the one-, two- three-, four-, fiveyearsurvival rates were 63.5%, 31.7%, 15.6%, 10.8%, and 5.4%, respectively. Median survival periods afterhepatic metastases were 19.3 months (luminal A), 13.3 months (luminal B), 18.9 months (HER2-enriched), and16.1 months (TN, P=0.11). In multivariate analysis, a 2 year-interval from initial diagnosis to hepatic metastasis,treatment with endocrine therapy, and surgery were independent prognostic factors. Endocrine therapy couldimprove the survival of luminal subtypes (P=0.004) and was a favorable prognostic factor (median survival 23.4months vs. 13.8 months, respectively, P=0.011). Luminal A group of patients treated with endocrine therapy didsignificantly better than the Luminal A group of patients treated without endocrine therapy (median survivalof 48.9 vs. 13.8 months, P=0.003). Conclusions: Breast cancer subtypes were not associated with survival afterhepatic metastases. Endocrine therapy was a significantly favorable treatment for patients with luminal subtype.
breast cancer
hepatic metastases
subtypes
prognostic variables
Survival Analysis
2012
10
01
5081
5086
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26995_7265a658c05356ad4572caaba66014eb.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Risk Factors for Oral Cancer in Northeast Thailand
Oral cancer is a common site of head and neck cancer, and is relatively frequent in Northeast Thailand.The objective of this hospital-based, case-control study was to determine associations with risk factors. A totalof 104 oral cancer cases diagnosed between July 2010 and April 2011 in 3 hospitals were matched with controlsubjects by age, sex and hospital. Data were collected by personal interview. There were significant associationsbetween oral cancer and tobacco smoking (OR=4.47; 95%CI=2.00 to 9.99), alcohol use among women (OR=4.16;95%CI=1.70 to 10.69), and betel chewing (OR=9.01; 95%CI=3.83 to 21.22), and all three showed dose-responseeffects. Smoking is rare among Thai women (none of the control women were smokers), but betel chewing,especially among older women, is relatively common. We did not find any association between practicing oralsex and oral cancer.
oral cancer
risk factors
betel quid
Tobacco
alcohol
northeast Thailand
2012
10
01
5087
5090
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26996_bce434c7bccce6095029f283b9971249.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
ABO and Rh Blood Groups in Relation to Ovarian, Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Risk Among The Population of South-East Siberia
Background: There is a large amount of evidence that the ABO blood group system may play a role indisease etiology. A relationship between ABO and Rhesus blood groups and cancer risk has been demonstratedin a number of studies. However, in relation to gynecological malignancies, these findings are inconsistent andcontradictory. Aim: To perform a case-control study for analysis of the distribution of ABO and Rh bloodantigens among women from South-East Siberia who suffered from ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer,and to assess the potential role of these antigens in carcinogenesis. Design, Subjects and Methods: A total of1,163 cases with ovarian cancer (n=551), endometrial cancer (n=440) and cervical cancer (n=172) were involvedin the study. The control group was formed from 22,581 female blood donors. Blood groups were determinedthrough patients medical records and blood donor records. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)were calculated. The blood group O was defined as the referent group, as it has the greatest frequency in thepopulations of Southern Siberia. P values less than 0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. Results: Wefound that carriage of non-O blood types increased the risk of ovarian cancer by 40-60%, and the magnitudeof this relationship was strongest in women with the AB (IV) blood group. Carriage of the A (II) blood groupstrongly correlated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer in premenopausal, but not in postmenopausal women.No statistically significant correlations were obtained for endometrial cancer and cervical cancer. Additionally,we did not observe a relationship between Rhesus factor and cancer risk. Conclusion: We suggest that carriageof non-O blood groups may elevate risk of ovarian cancer and can play a role in its development.
ABO
Rh
Ovarian Cancer
Endometrial cancer
cervical cancer
South-East Siberia
2012
10
01
5091
5096
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26997_aa77ce05e05030ecaa38a13c5b6f1a21.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Association of Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Occurrence - a Case Control Study from Kathmandu Valley
Objective: To assess associations of Type II DM with hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence in Nepal. Materialsand Methods: This case control study was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in theDepartment of Biochemistry of Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences between 1st January, 2012, and 31stAugust, 2012. The variables collected were age, gender, HbA1c. All biochemical parameters were analyzed inthe Central Laboratory of our hospital by standard validated methods. One way ANOVA was used to examinethe statistical significant difference between groups with the LSD post-hoc test for comparison of means of casegroups. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using simple logistic-regression analysis. Results: Etiological factorsfor HCC were HBV, HCV, alcohol and cryptogenic cirrhosis. The highest age group belonged to the etiologicalcategory of HCV with a mean of 71.9±3.6 (CI 69.3, 74.5) years and the lowest age group to the etiologicalcategory of HBV with 61.7±5.3(CI 57.9, 65.5) years. The main imperative basis of HCC in present study wasHCV (39.5%) and second most significant cause of HCC was alcohol (26%). Glycated hemoglobin was found tobe more in males with HCC (7.9%) as compared to females (7.3%). The percentage of Type II diabetes mellituswas greater in HCC patients when compared to controls. This difference was statistically significant with anodd ratio of 4.63 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Type II DM influences incidence, risk of recurrence, overall survival,and treatment-related complications in HCC patients.
HCC
Type II diabetes
risk factors
Nepal
2012
10
01
5097
5099
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26998_85b0dcb5c6780cd1b03d6c379dcf27ac.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Colon Cancer Prevention by Detection of APC Gene Mutation in a Family with Attenuated Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Background: Genetic mutation is a significant factor in colon CA pathogenesis. Familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP) is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease characterized by multiple colorectal adenomatous polypsaffecting a number of cases in the family. This report focuses on a family with attenuated familial adenomatouspolyposis (AFAP) with exon 4 mutation, c.481C>T p.Q161X of the APC gene. Methods: We analyzed 20 membersof a family with AFAP. Clinical and endoscopic data were collected for phenotype determination. Genetic analysiswas also performed by direct sequencing of the APC gene. Result: Five patients with a phenotype of AFAP werefound. Endoscopic polyposis was demonstrated among the second generation with genotype mutation of thedisease (age > 50 years) consistent with delayed phenotypic adenomatous polyposis in AFAP. APC gene mutationwas identified in exon 4 of the APC gene, with mutation points of c.481C>T p.Q161X. Laparoscopic subtotalcolectomy was performed to prevent carcinogenesis. Conclusion: A family with attenuated familial adenomatouspolyposis of APC related to exon 4 mutation, c.481C>T p.Q161X, was reported and the phenotypic finding wasconfirmed by endoscopic examination. Genetic mutation analysis might be advantageous in AFAP for longterm colon cancer prevention and management due to subtle or asymptomatic phenotype presentation in earlyadulthood.
Colon CA
AFAP
genetic mutation
APC gene
Cancer Prevention
2012
10
01
5101
5104
https://journal.waocp.org/article_26999_58984325a7f49e1df7a6d8fd221e7816.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Menopausal Status Modifies Breast Cancer Risk Associated with ESR1 PvuII and XbaI Polymorphisms in Asian Women: a HuGE Review and Meta-analysis
Background: Published data on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in theESR1 gene and breast cancer susceptibility are inconclusive or controversial. The aim of this Human GenomeEpidemiology (HuGE) review and meta-analysis was to derive a more precise estimation of this relationship.Methods: A literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Web of science and CBM databases was conducted frominception through September 1th, 2012. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were usedto assess the strength of association. Results: A total of five studies including 1,678 breast cancer cases and 1,678general population controls in Asian populations were involved in this meta-analysis. When all the eligible studieswere pooled into the meta-analysis, the higher transcriptional activity variant allele T of ESR1 PvuII (C>T)(rs2234693) in pre-menopausal breast cancer women showed a significant relation to increased risk (OR = 1.13,95%CI: 1.01-1.28, P = 0.040) in contrast to their post-menopausal counterparts which showed non-significantincreased risk (OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 0.87-1.18, P = 0.858). Nevertheless, no significant association between ESR1XbaI (A>G) (rs9340799) polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer was observed in pre-menopausal andpost-menopausal individuals. Conclusion: Based on a homogeneous Asian population, results from the currentmeta-analysis indicates that the ESR1 PvuII (C>T) polymorphism places pre-menopausal breast cancer womenat risk for breast cancer, while ESR1 XbaI (A>G) polymorphism is not likely to predict the risk of breast cancer.
breast cancer
estrogen receptor 1
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Meta-analysis
2012
10
01
5105
5111
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27000_345d2d7a09403d82653c4f5e5c0c074d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Mutational Analysis of Prohibitin - A Highly Conserved Gene in Indian Female Breast Cancer Cases
Prohibitin (PHB) is a chaperone protein which is highly conserved evolutionarily. It shows significant homologywith the Drosophila cc gene which is considered important for development and differentiation of Drosophilamelanogaster. Investigations have revealed an involvement of PHB in cellular proliferation and development,apoptosis, signal transduction, mitochondrial function and regulation of the estrogen and androgen receptors.Therefore, we conducted the present study to analyze mutations in the highly conserved region in Indian femalebreast cancer patients. Conventional PCR-SSCP and Automated DNA sequencing were performed with a totalof 105 breast cancer samples along with adjacent normal tissue. Of the total, 14.2% (15/105) demonstrated amutation status of prohibitin observed in our study population. We identified a novel missense mutation (Thr>Ser),a novel deletion of T nucleotide in an intron adjacent to intron-exon boundary and a previously determinedmissense mutation (Val>Ala). A statistically significant correlation was obtained which suggested that prohibitinmay be associated with tumor development and/or progression of at least some proportion of breast cancers.
Prohibitin (PHB)
Mutation
breast cancer
sequencing
PCR-SSCP
India
2012
10
01
5113
5117
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27001_56416a3a8fe732d41449591ff3f211bd.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Gemcitabine Plus Paclitaxel as Second-line Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine response rates, progression-free survival(PFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity of gemcitabine and paclitaxel combinations with advanced or metastaticnon-small cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC) who have progressive disease after platinum-based first-linechemotherapy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the file records of patients treated with gemcitabine pluspaclitaxel in advanced or metastatic NSCLC cases in a second-line setting. The chemotherapy schedule was asfollows: gemcitabine 1500 mg/m2 and paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 administered every two weeks. Results: Forty-eightpatients (45 male, 3 female) were evaluated; stage IIIB/IV 6/42; PS0, 8.3%, PS1, 72.9%, PS2, 18.8%; medianage, 56 years old (range 38-76). Six (12.5%) patients showed a partial response (PR), 13 (27.1%) stable disease(SD), and 27 (56.3%) progressive disease (PD). The median OS was 6.63 months (95% CI 4.0-9.2); the medianPFS was 2.7 months (95% CI 1.8-3.6). Grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxicities, including neutropenia (n=4, 8.4%),and anemia (n=3, 6.3%) were encountered, but no grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia. One patient developed febrileneutropenia. There were no interruption for reasons of toxicity and no exitus related to therapy. Conclusion:The combination of two-weekly gemcitabine plus paclitaxel was an effective and well-tolerated second-linechemotherapy regimen for advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients previously treated with platinum-containingchemotherapy. Although the most common and dose limiting toxicities were neutropenia and neuropathy, thisregimen was tolerated well by the patients.
non-small cell lung cancer
Second-line Therapy
Gemcitabine
Paclitaxel
2012
10
01
5119
5124
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27002_b42f3eb6c7141e51993ff341ad0df091.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Markov’s Modeling for Screening Strategies for Colorectal Cancer
Economic decision models are being increasingly used to assess medical interventions. Advances in this fieldare mainly due to enhanced processing capacity of computers, availability of specific software to perform thenecessary tasks, and refined mathematical techniques. We here estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness often strategies for colon cancer screening, as well as no screening, incorporating quality of life, noncomplianceand data on the costs and profit of chemotherapy in Iran. We used a Markov model to measure the costs andquality-adjusted life expectancy of a 50-year-old average-risk Iranian without screening and with screening byeach test. In this paper, we tested the model with data from the Ministry of Health and published literature. Weconsidered costs from the perspective of a health insurance organization, with inflation to 2011, the Iranian Rialbeing converted into US dollars. We focused on three tests for the 10 strategies considered currently being usedfor population screening in some Iranians provinces (Kerman, Golestan Mazandaran, Ardabil, and Tehran):low-sensitivity guaiac fecal occult blood test, performed annually; fecal immunochemical test, performedannually; and colonoscopy, performed every 10 years. These strategies reduced the incidence of colorectalcancer by 39%, 60% and 76%, and mortality by 50%, 69% and 78%, respectively, compared with no screening.These approaches generated ICER (incremental cost-effectiveness ratios) of $9067, $654 and $8700 per QALY(quality-adjusted life year), respectively. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the influence of variousscales on the economic evaluation of screening. The results were sensitive to probabilistic sensitivity analysis.Colonoscopy every ten years yielded the greatest net health value. Screening for colon cancer is economical andcost-effective over conventional levels of WTP8.
Markov model
Colorectal cancer screening
ICER
2012
10
01
5125
5129
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27003_b166a6929a4398cb74b6c7896da3b021.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Apoptosis Induction, Cell Cycle Arrest and in Vitro Anticancer Activity of Gonothalamin in a Cancer Cell Lines
Cancer is one of the major health problems worldwide and its current treatments have a number of undesiredadverse side effects. Natural compounds may reduce these. Currently, a few plant products are being used totreat cancer. In this study, goniothalamin, a natural occurring styryl-lactone extracted from Goniothalamusmacrophyllus, was investigated for cytotoxic properties against cervical cancer (HeLa), breast carcinoma(MCF-7) and colon cancer (HT29) cells as well as normal mouse fibroblast (3T3) using MTT assay. Fluorescencemicroscopy showed that GTN is able to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells in a time dependent manner. Flow cytometryfurther revealed HeLa cells treated with GTN to be arrested in the S phase. Phosphatidyl serine propertiespresent during apoptosis enable early detection of the apoptosis in the cells. Using annexin V/PI double stainingit could be shown that GTN induces early apoptosis on HeLa cells after 24, 48 and 72 h. It could be concludedthat goniothalamin showing a promising cytotoxicity effect against several cancer cell lines including cervicalcancer cells (HeLa) with apoptosis as the mode of cell death induced on HeLa cells by Goniothalamin was.
Goniothalamin
HeLa cervical cancer cell line
fluorescence microscopy
cellular DNA content
Apoptosis
2012
10
01
5131
5136
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27004_2d3ad201c98d222658bf735de0c40fe4.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
UHRF2 mRNA Expression is Low in Malignant Glioma but Silencing Inhibits the Growth of U251 Glioma Cells in vitro
UHRF2 is a member of the ubiquitin plant homeo domain RING finger family, which has been proven to befrequently up-regulated in colorectal cancer cells and play a role as an oncogene in breast cancer cells. However,the role of UHRF2 in glioma cells remains unclear. In this study, we performed real-time quantitative PCR on32 pathologically confirmed glioma samples (grade I, 4 cases; grade II, 11 cases; grade III, 10 cases; and gradeIV, 7 cases; according to the 2007 WHO classification system) and four glioma cell lines (A172, U251, U373, andU87). The expression of UHRF2 mRNA was significantly lower in the grade III and grade IV groups comparedwith the noncancerous brain tissue group, whereas its expression was high in A172, U251, and U373 glioma celllines. An in vitro assay was performed to investigate the functions of UHRF2. Using a lentivirus-based RNAinterference (RNAi) approach, we down-regulated UHRF2 expression in the U251 glioma cell line. This downregulationled to the inhibition of cell proliferation, an increase in cell apoptosis, and a change of cell cycledistribution, in which S stage cells decreased and G2/M stage cells increased. Our results suggest that UHRF2may be closely related to tumorigenesis and the development of gliomas.
UHRF2
NIRF
ubiquitin PHD RING finger family
Malignant glioma
2012
10
01
5137
5142
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27005_57181610f201c9c379deace9bce6e093.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Use of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (Metformin and Pioglitazone) in Diabetic Patients with Breast Cancer: How Does It Effect on Serum Hif-1 Alpha and 8Ohdg Levels?
Objective: The aim was to investigate indicators related to DNA damage and cancer pathogenesis in Type IIdiabetes cases with breast cancer. It was planned to evaluate the relationship between these markers with oralantidiabetic drugs. Research Design and Methods: Fourty patients and 10 healthy individuals were included inthe study. HIF-1α and 8-OHdG are examined in blood samples taken from these individuals with an ELISA Kit.Statistical analysis of data was performed with 95% confidence using Windows package program SPSS 15.0.Results: HIF-1α parameters were found to be meaningfully higher in the patient group than the controls in bothpretreatment and posttreatment periods (p<0.05). No significant differences in terms of 8-OHdG between patientsand controls. However, posttreatment serum HIF-1α ve 8-OHdG levels was found lower than pretreatmentlevels in patients receiving metformin, but not with pioglitazone. Conversely, serum 8-OHdG levels decreasedsignificantly in these patients. When patients were evaluated according to the treatment groups (pioglitazone vs.metfformin) no significant differences in terms of serum HIF-1α and 8-OHdG levels between treatment groups.Conclusions: HIF-1α levels decreased significantly in the patient group receiving metformin. However, therewas no significant difference in terms of HIF-1α levels in the patients receiving pioglitazone.
breast cancer
Diabetes
8-OHdG
HIF-1α levels
2012
10
01
5143
5148
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27006_8b3f5e6e37896f765ba7c9bc43dd2ace.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Aberrant Expression of E-cadherin in Lung Tissues of Patients with Probable Lung Cancer
Introduction: This study assessed the relationship of E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression with thediagnosis of lung cancer with the aim of providing an auxiliary diagnostic method. Methods: Semi-quantitativenested RT-PCR and western blotting were applied to detect E-cadherin mRNA transcripts and protein,respectively, in 30 cases of diagnostic lung cancer, 30 cases of clinically suspected patients with lung cancer and30 cases of other disease. Immunohistochemical staining was also used to detect E-cadherin. Results: Remarkablydecreased levels of relative E-cadherin mRNA value and increased E-cadherin protein negativity were observedin probable lung cancer, when compared with possible lung cancer and others. With a threshold of 1.45, relativeE-cadherin mRNA value showed a sensitivity of 90% and a specifity of 83% for the diagnosis of lung cancer.The combination of decreased relative E-cadherin mRNA value and negative E-cadherin protein increased thespecificity and sensitivity. Conclusion: These data suggest that Chinese patients with diagnostic lung cancer havesimilar decreased levels of relative E-cadherin mRNA and E-cadherin protein value in the lung cancer tissuesas in lung cancer patients in other countries. Measurement of relative E-cadherin mRNA and protein values inlung cancer tissues has potential for lung cancer diagnosis
Aberrant Expression
E-cadherin
lung cancer diagnosis
lung tissue
2012
10
01
5149
5153
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27007_db0f874240a83a22e3a54311836a07ba.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Expression of Ki67 and CD105 as Proliferation and Angiogenesis Markers in Salivary Gland Tumors
Objective: To investigate the association between CD105 and tumor cell proliferation in salivary gland tumors.Methods: In this study, 59 samples of salivary tumors from Khalili Hospital archive, including 20 cases ofpleomorphic adenoma (PA), 20 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and 19 cases of adenoid cysticcarcinoma, as well as 10 cases of normal salivary gland tissue, were reviewed by immunohistochemistry (IHC)for CD105 and Ki67 staining. Results: CD105 positive vessels were absent in normal salivary gland tissue inthe vicinity of tumors (51.6% of all tumors were positive). There was a statistically significant difference infrequency of CD105 staining between PA and malignant tumors and between four groups of different lesions(p<0.000) being highest in MEC. Intratumoral microvessel density was also elevated in malignant neoplasms(2.61±3.1) as compared to PA (0.46±0.6). Normal salivary glands did not express Ki67. There was a statisticallysignificant difference in frequency and percentage of Ki67 immunoreactivity in malignant neoplasms (86.5% and10.7±10.8 respectively) compared to PA (50% and 0.78±0.2) and among the four groups values were highest inMEC (p<0.000). Conclusion: n this study, it was observed a higher rate of angiogenesis and cellular proliferationwas noted in malignant tumors compared to benign tumors, but no correlation was observed between these twomarkers.
Ki67
CD105
salivary gland tumor
Proliferation
Angiogenesis
2012
10
01
5155
5159
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27008_3c43b34b2f0407c410f3daeea3963bdf.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Expression of Smad7 in Cholangiocarcinoma: Prognostic Significance and Implications for Tumor Metastasis
Background: There are few molecular markers known to predict cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) prognosis.Smad7 has a certain relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but its relevance to CCA inunclear. Therefore expression and clinical significance of Smad7 in CCA was the focus of this study. Methods:Expression of Smad7, E-cadherin and vimentin was assessed in 41 patients with CCA by immunohistochemistryand analyzed for associations with clinical parameters. Results: Smad7 and vimentin expression in the CCA tissuewas dramatically higher than that in adjacent tissues. In addition, Smad7, vimentin and E-cadherin expressionwas significantly associated with CCA lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion(P≤0.05), but not otherfactors, such as gender, age, tumor location, tumor type and tumor differentiation degree (P>0.05). The overallsurvival and relapse-free survival rate was significantly higher in patients with negative Smad7 expression thanthose with positive Smad7 expression. Conclusion: EMT phenomena may occur in the process of CCA invasionand metastasis. Smad7, which was highly expressed in CCA, may be considered to be one feedback regulatorin late stages and could have potential as a prognostic indicator for clinical assessment.
Smad7
epithelial mesenchymal transition
cholangiocarcinoma
Metastasis
prognostic indicator
2012
10
01
5161
5165
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27009_39f16169b10761f3347ba50f9d000190.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Aflatoxin Contamination of Red Chili Pepper From Bolivia and Peru, Countries with High Gallbladder Cancer Incidence Rates
Chilean red chili peppers contaminated with aflatoxins were reported in a previous study. If the developmentof gallbladder cancer (GBC) in Chile is associated with a high level of consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated redchili peppers, such peppers from other countries having a high GBC incidence rate may also be contaminatedwith aflatoxins. We aimed to determine whether this might be the case for red chili peppers from Bolivia andPeru. A total of 7 samples (3 from Bolivia, 4 from Peru) and 3 controls (2 from China, 1 from Japan) wereevaluated. Aflatoxins were extracted with acetonitrile:water (9:1, v/v) and eluted through an immuno-affinitycolumn. The concentrations of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 were measured using high-performance liquidchromatography (HPLC), and then the detected aflatoxins were identified using HPLC-mass spectrometry. Insome but not all of the samples from Bolivia and Peru, aflatoxin B1 or aflatoxins B1 and B2 were detected. Inparticular, aflatoxin B1 or total aflatoxin concentrations in a Bolivian samples were above the maximum levels foraflatoxins in spices proposed by the European Commission. Red chili peppers from Bolivia and Peru consumedby populations having high GBC incidence rates would appear to be contaminated with aflatoxins. These datasuggest the possibility that a high level of consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated red chili peppers is related tothe development of GBC, and the association between the two should be confirmed by a case-control study.
gallbladder cancer
risk factor
consumption of food contaminated with aflatoxins
HPLC
2012
10
01
5167
5170
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27010_fa0d544e09eee1dfd13520e538ad2ee7.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Ten Year Literature on Psychological and Behavioral Interventions Against Cancer: a Terms Analysis
We here performed a systematic review of PBIC literature using terms analysis in a hope of both identifyingpotential trends and patterns and exploring methods leveraging traditional literature reviews in this specificarea. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were retrieved from PUBMED and translated into dichotomized articlerecords representing presence or non-presence of MeSH terms and a metric consisting of numbers of times of cooccurrencebetween all pairs of terms identified using a self-designed program. The occurrence of and relationsamong the terms were calculated and visualized using Excel2007 and UCINET respectively. A total of 1,742terms were identified from 997 articles retrieved. Put in a descending order, the lines representing the times ofterm occurrence formed a typical hyperbolic curve; when plotted along the x-axis of whole MESH terms, thelines clustered within four specific regions. Comparison of term occurrence between 2002 and 2011 revealedpriority changes in population and subjects (from general groups to priority groups), intervention approaches(from medicine to exercise and psychotherapy), methodology and techniques (from cohort studies to randomizedcontrolled trials) and outcomes (from health and mental health to quality of life, depression etc.). Networks ofthe terms featured a number of closely linked groups of topics including method and questionnaires, therapy andoutcomes, survival management, psychological assessment and intervention, behavioral intervention (individualand community oriented). Terms analysis revealed interesting trends and patterns about PBIC publications andboth the analysis methods and findings have implications for future research and literature reviews.
cancer
psychology
Behavior
intervention
terms analysis
2012
10
01
5171
5176
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27011_4ff211408a0b0188e5cf3190169c075c.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of EFGR TyrosineKinase Inhibitor Monotherapy with Standard Second-line Chemotherapy in Previously Treated Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinaseinhibitormonotherapy (EFGR-TKIs: gefitinib or erlotinib) with standard second-line chemotherapy (single agentdocetaxel or pemetrexed) in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Wesystematically searched for randomized clinical trials that compared EGFR-TKI monotherapy with standardsecond-line chemotherapy in previously treated advanced NSCLC. The end points were overall survival (OS),progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), 1-year survival rate (1-year SR) and grade 3 or 4toxicities. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio (RR), with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals(CI) were calculated employing fixed- or random-effects models depending on the heterogeneity of the includedtrials. Results: Eight randomized controlled trials (totally 3218 patients) were eligible. Our meta-analysis resultsshowed that EGFR-TKIs were comparable to standard second-line chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC interms of overall survival (HR 1.00, 95%CI 0.92-1.10; p=0.943), progression-free survival (HR 0.90, 95%CI0.75-1.08, P=0.258) and 1-year-survival rate (RR 0.97, 95%CI 0.87-1.08, P=0.619), and the overall responserate was higher in patients who receiving EGFR-TKIs(RR 1.50, 95%CI 1.22-1.83, P=0.000). Sub-group analysisdemonstrated that EGFR-TKI monotherapy significantly improved PFS (HR 0.73, 95%CI: 0.55-0.97, p=0.03)and ORR (RR 1.96, 95%CI: 1.46-2.63, p=0.000) in East Asian patients, but it did not translate into increase in OSand 1-year SR. Furthermore, there were fewer incidences of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, febrile neutropenia andneutrotoxicity in EGFR-TKI monotherapy group, excluding grade 3 or 4 rash. Conclusion: Both interventions hadcomparable efficacy as second-line treatments for patients with advanced NSCLC, and EGFR-TKI monotherapywas associated with less toxicity and better tolerability. Moreover, our data also demonstrated that EGFRTKImonotherapytended to be more effective in East Asian patients in terms of PFS and ORR compared withstandard second-line chemotherapy. These results should help inform decisions about patient management anddesign of future trials.
non-small-cell lung cancer
second-line
erlotinib
gefitinib
Docetaxel
Pemetrexed
Meta-analysis
2012
10
01
5177
5182
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27012_e9999810e48dd36aab5badaf8500cab8.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors among the Population of South-East Siberia: A Case-Control Study
Colorectal cancer remains one of the most widespread malignancies in the world. However, there is a lackof comprehensive studies considering colorectal cancer risk factors among Russian populations, particularlyin Siberia. The aim of this investigation was to determine the impact of various lifestyle, dietary, family, andsocioeconomical factors on colorectal cancer risk in South-East Siberia. We recruited 185 Russian colorectal cancercases and 210 gender-, age-, and ethnicity-matched asymptomatic controls with no history of any malignant tumor,using a specially designed questionnaire to obtain relevant information. After the statistical analysis, we definedseveral significant factors affecting colorectal cancer risk. Among these were smoking (OR=2.13, 95%CI=1.4-3.24, P=0.0004), being overweight (BMI between 25-30, OR=2.45, 95%CI=1.49-4.03, P=0.0004), alcohol drinking(OR=8.73, 95%CI=5.49-13.87, P<0.0001), beer drinking (OR=9.24, 95%CI=5.14-16.61, P<0.0001), consumptionof hard liquor (OR=9.37, 95%CI=5.92-14.82, P<0.0001), excessive red meat consumption (P<0.0001), excessiveintake of red meat products (P<0.0001), excessive intake of dairy products (P<0.0001), excessive sour cream andcheese consumption (P<0.0001 and 0.0002, respectively), spicy food consumption (OR=2.87, 95%CI=1.9-4.33,P<0.0001), family history of gastrointestinal malignant tumors (OR=3.99, 95%CI=2.09-7.59, P<0.0001), andincome exceeding twice the subsistence minimum (OR=5.34, 95%CI=3.35-8.53, P<0.0001). Certain factors, suchas high concentration of salt in the food and precancerous colonic lesions, demonstrated borderline significance(OR=3.45, 95%CI=1.68-7.1, P=0.0008, and OR=5.25, 95%CI=1.94-14.22, P=0.001, respectively). Some factorswere established as protective, like consumption of rye bread and both rye and wheat bread (OR=0.32,95%CI=0.21-0.5, P<0,0001, and OR=0.07, 95%CI=0.02-0.21, P<0.0001, respectively), and also low concentrationof salt in the food, although this was of borderline significance (OR=0.43, 95%CI=0.26-0.69, P=0.0006). ABOand Rhesus blood antigens were not associated with increased colorectal cancer risk. These results should bedefinitely applied for elaboration of programs of colorectal cancer prevention in Russia, particularly in Siberia.
colorectal cancer
Epidemiology
risk factors
Russian populations
Blood group
South-East Siberia
2012
10
01
5183
5188
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27013_f09f73b0e51588227fb493dc80506933.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Analysis of Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the Industrial Region of South-East Siberia from 1991 through 2010
Kemerovo is an industrial region of the Russian Federation characterized by highly developed mining,chemical, metallurgical and power industries. Many of the factories were closed down due to the socioeconomicalcrisis in the early 90’s, and economic potential of the survivors has also decreased significantly. Paradoxically,this has led to the improvement of the ecological situation in the region and elimination of exposure to manychemical carcinogens. This factor, in combination with the improvement of oncological care, might be expectedto have lead to a decline of cancer incidence and mortality in the region. To assess trends of cancer incidenceand mortality in Kemerovo Region, we therefore carried out an analysis of relevant epidemiological data during1991-2010. In fact, a significant increase of cancer incidence overall was revealed during 2001-2010. Male cancerincidence was significantly higher than female cancer incidence. Regarding gastric cancer incidence, statisticallysignificant differences during 2001-2010 were found only for men, and male incidence exceeded female incidence.Concerning colorectal cancer incidence, it was lower during 2001-2005 and 2006-2010 as compared to the periodof 1991-1996. Lung cancer incidence was significantly higher during 1991-2000 compared to 2001-2010. Amongurban populations, cancer incidence was higher in comparison with rural population, but a gradual steadyconvergence of trends of cancer incidence among urban and rural populations was noted. Lung cancer, breastcancer, colorectal cancer, non-melanoma skin cancer, and gastric cancer are the most prevalent cancer forms inKemerovo Region. There were no differences in cancer mortality between 2001-2005 and 2006-2010; however,male cancer mortality exceeded female cancer mortality. A similar situation was observed for gastric cancer,colorectal cancer, and lung cancer. Cancer mortality among urban populations exceeded mortality among ruralpopulation, for both genders. We suggest that these data can be used for development of modern programs ofcancer prevention and early diagnostics in industrial regions of Siberia.
cancer
Incidence
Prevalence
mortality
Industry
industrial region
Russian Siberia
2012
10
01
5189
5193
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27014_2b1a6596ef2074230187d665347a77d5.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Oral Cancer Awareness of the General Public in Gorakhpur City, India
Objectives: Global cancer statistical data show that India has one of the highest incidence rates of oralcancer worldwide. Early detection is extremely important as it results in lower morbidity and death rates.The present study was undertaken to assess awareness of oral cancer and knowledge of its early signs and riskfactors in the general public of the semi-urban Gorakhpur area of Uttar Pradesh (India). It was also intendedto educate the same population for early detection by increasing their ability to recognize signs and risk factors.Method: A questionnaire-based household survey was conducted over a period of one month in different parts ofGorakhpur district, a region where tobacco use is apparently very high. A total of 2,093 persons participated inthe survey. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software to assess and associate oral cancer awarenesswith the prevalence, and abstract risk factors, as well as other confounding variables. Results: The generalawareness, knowledge of signs and risk factors of oral cancer were found to be proportionate to the literacylevel with the highest rate of awareness being among high school and graduates and lowest among illiterates. Itwas also observed that on most of these dimensions the younger age groups (<30 years) were significantly moreknowledgeable. Conclusion: Overall, the awareness of oral cancer in the high-risk population of Gorakhpur wasnot satisfactory, pointing to a need for further dissemination of information on this issue and its associated risks.This is especially important for the youngsters, as this may possibly help them keep away from the deleterioushabit of tobacco indulgence in any form. If necessary risk factor cessation counselling should be provided.
Oral cancer - knowledge and awareness - early detection - early symptoms - risk factors - Gorakhpur
India
2012
10
01
5195
5199
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27017_f216bf37042a5946b236408531c29be6.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Association Between the XRCC3 T241M Polymorphism and Head and Neck Cancer Susceptibility: a Meta-analysis of Case-control Studies
Background: To evaluate the role of the X-ray repair cross complementing group 3 (XRCC3) T241Mpolymorphism in head and neck cancer susceptibility. Materials and Methods: We performed a meta-analysis ofall available studies, which included 3,191 cases and 5,090 controls. Results: Overall, a significant risk effect of theT241M polymorphism was not found under homologous contrast (MM vs TT: OR=1.293, 95% CI=0.926-1.805;TM vs TT: OR=1.148 95% CI=0.930-1.418) and recessive models (MM vs TT+TM): OR=1.170, 95% CI=0.905-1.512, but a significantly increased risk was observed under a dominant model (MM+TM vs TT): OR=1.243,95% CI=1.001-1.544. In stratified analyses, there were no significant associations for Asians or Caucasians.Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggested the XRCC3 241M allele (MM+TM) might act as a head and neckcancer risk factor among all subjects, and the effect of T241M polymorphism on head and neck susceptibilityshould be studied with a larger, stratified population.
Meta-analysis
head and neck cancer
XRCC3
2012
10
01
5201
5205
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27015_770c3521d9ebbc330197fc679d347c0d.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Anti-Cell Proliferative Efficacy of Ferulic Acid Against 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a) Anthracene Induced Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis
The present study was designed to explore the anti-cell proliferative efficacy of ferulic acid by analysing theexpression pattern of cell proliferative markers, proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1,in the buccal mucosa of golden Syrian hamsters treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Oralsquamous cell carcinomas developed in the buccal pouch of hamsters using topical application of 0.5% DMBAthree times a week for 14 weeks. Immunohistochemical (PCNA) and RT-PCR (Cyclin D1) analysis revealed overexpression of PCNA and cyclin D1 in the buccal mucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA alone (tumor bearinghamsters). Oral administration of ferulic acid at a dose of 40 mg/kg bw to hamsters treated with DMBA not onlycompletely prevented the tumor formation but also down regulated the expression of PCNA and cyclin D1. Theresults of the present study thus suggests that ferulic acid might have inhibited tumor formation in the buccalmucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA through its anti-cell proliferative potential as evidenced by decreasedexpression of PCNA and cyclin D1.
oral cancer
hamster buccal cavity
DMBA
ferulic acid
Cyclin D1
PCNA
2012
10
01
5207
5211
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27016_508e4a5a3acffd736d59b403459961c5.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Determination of the Breast Cancer Risk Levels and Health Beliefs of Women With and Without Previous Mammography in the Eastern Part of Turkey
Objective: This research was conducted to determine the breast cancer risk levels of women with andwithout previous mammography and their beliefs on breast cancer and mammography. Methods: The samplefor this descriptive research consisted of women aged 50 years or older who were registered at the FamilyHealth Center in the city center of Erzurum. The research was conducted with a total of 420 women with atleast one mammography (210) and without mammography (210) who presented to the center on Wednesdaysand Thursdays for any reason between 1 January 2010 and 1 January 2011. Research data were collected usingthe personal information “Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form” accepted and recommended by the TurkishMinistry of Health, and the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale for Breast Cancer and Screening (CHBMS).Data were evaluated using percentages and means with the t-test. Results: According to the research data, 89.8%of the women were found to be in the low risk group, 87.6% with and 91.9% without mammography. Whenthe health beliefs of women with and without mammography were compared, it was found that susceptibility,seriouness, motivation, mammography benefit scores were higher among those with mammography (p<0.01).The mammography barrier score average was higher in the group without mammography (p<0.01). Conclusion:Knowing women’s health beliefs, which have positive and negative effects on participating in mammographyscreening, may increase the rate of mammography uptake among women. Moreover, women with high breastcancer risk may be determined by increasing society’s level of knowledge on breast cancer and risk factors.
breast cancer
mammography
Health Beliefs Model
risk
Turkey
2012
10
01
5213
5217
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27018_c9c6c6665962276e26aa25858e4a2829.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Expression and Clinical Significance of Osteopontin in Calcified Breast Tissue
Osteopontin (OPN) is an integrin-binding protein, believed to be involved in a variety of physiological cellularfunctions. The physiology of OPN is best documented in the bone where this secreted adhesive glycoprotein appearsto be involved in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. In our study, we used semi-quantitative RT-PCRof osteopontin in calcification tissue of breast to detect breast cancer metastasis. The obtained data indicate thatthe expression of osteopontin is related to calcification tissue of breast, and possibly with the incidence of breastcancer. The expression strength of OPN by RT-PCR detection was related to the degree of malignancy of breastlesions, suggesting a close relationship between OPN and breast calcification tissue. The results revealed thatexpression of OPN mRNA is related to calcification of breast cancer tissue and to the development of breastcancer. Determination of OPN mRNA expression can be expected to be a guide to clinical therapy and predictionof the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Osteopontin
bone - RT-PCR detection - breast cancer
2012
10
01
5219
5223
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27019_bc7d2a295f3ce729ebdabd84df24a088.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Complications of Completion Versus Total Thyroidectomy
Introduction : The objective of this study was to analyze the complication rates after completion thyroidectomyand compare them with primary total benign and malign thyroidectomy causes in total of 647 patients. Patientsand Methods: Among 647 patients, there were 159 receiving completion thyroidectomy for differentiatedthyroiud cancer (DTC) (Group 1); 217 patients receiving total thyroidectomy for DTC (Group 2) and 271 giventotal thyroidectomy for benign diseases (Group 3). Results: When groups were compared for complications,there were no significant difference except temporary hypocalcemia between completion thyroidectomy andtotal thyroidectomy for DTC. When the total thyroidectomies were compared (Group 2 and 3), there were nosignificant difference observed except unilateral temporary RLN palsy. Conclusion: With improvements insurgical technique and experience, complication rates of thyroidectomy performed for benign or malign diseasesare reduced. In spite of the improvement in surgical experience, temporary RLN palsy and hypoparathyroidismare the main complications in completion thyroidectomies which need special attention. To evaluate the patientsmore carefully in preoperative period and performing adequate thyroidectomy appears more logical.
Completion thyroidectomy
total thyroidectomy
Complications
Turkey
2012
10
01
5225
5228
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27020_ef8ce0bfb4b0d583170ce515c7486054.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Relationship between Malignant Melanoma and Chromosome Damage in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes
The incidence of malignant melanoma increases with age. One significiant effect of aging processes is anaccumulation of oxidative damage in the genetical material. In this study, the relationship between malignantmelanoma and damage in chromosomes and proliferative effectiveness of human peripheral lymphocytes wereinvestigated by the micronucleus (MN) technique. A total of 15 malignant melanoma patients and appropriatelymatching 15 healthy controls were involved in the study. MN frequencies and proliferative indexes (PI) afternon toxic levels of hydrogen peroxide treatment were also measured to determine damaging effect of oxidativestress in genome in addition to measuring the spontenous levels of micronuclei and PI. The patient group hada significantly higher rate of spontaneous MN than the control group (p<0.01). After treatment with H2O2, MNfrequencies in the patient group was significantly decreased (p<0.01) although there was no difference betweenthe treated and untreated results of control group (p=0.29). There was also difference (p<0.01) between the MNfrequencies of the patient and the control group either in the spontaneous levels or in the H2O2 treated groups.The same significant difference persisted when the PI values were compared between patient and control groups.Increase in the MN frequency in patients could mean the alterations in the chromosomal structure which maylead to the chromosome instability and therefore genetic susceptibility to cancer. This increased number ofmicronuclei can also be used for cytological marker in identifying high risk cases for malignant melanoma.
cancer
Malignant Melanoma
micronuclei
Lymphocytes
aging
2012
10
01
5229
5232
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27021_9b03eb5abf304ee581a1c5792a551501.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
CK2 Enzyme Affinity Against c-myc424-434 Substrate in Human Lung Cancer Tissue
CK2 is a serine threonine kinase that participates in a variety of cellular processes with more than 300defined substrates. This critical enzyme is known to be upregulated in cancers, but the role of this upregulationin carcinogenesis is not yet fully understood but c-myc, one of the defined CK2 substrates, is a well-known protooncogenethat is normally essential in developmental process but is also involved in tumor development. Weevaluated the optimal enzyme and substrate concentrations for CK2 activity in both neoplastic and non-neoplastichuman lung tissues using the c-myc424-434 peptide (EQKLISEEDL) as a substrate. The activities measured forthe neoplastic tissue were 600-750 U/mg protein while those for the control tissue was in the range of 650-800 U/mg. Km value for c-myc peptide was determined as 0.33 μM in non-neoplastic tissue and 0.18 μM in neoplastictissue. In this study, we did not observe an increased activity in the neoplastic tissue when compared with thenon-neoplastic lung tissue, but we recorded two times higher affinity for c-myc424-434 in cancer tissue. Consideringthe metabolic position of c-myc424-434, our results suggest that phosphorylation by CK2 may be important indimerization and thus it might affect the regulation of c-myc in cancer tissues.
Casein kinase 2
lung tumors
c-Myc
affinity
2012
10
01
5233
5236
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27022_97becafcdc2a7a8a550e1b5962261232.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Midline Involvement as a Risk Factor for Vulvar Cancer Recurrence
Objective: This observational study was to identify risk factors for vulvar cancer recurrence. Materials andMethods: In the study 107 patients with primary vulvar cancer were analyzed. Surgical treatment consistedof radical excision of the primary tumor in combination with unilateral or bilateral superficial and deepinguinofemoral lymphadenectomy through separate incisions. Patients with deeper tumor invasion >1 mm orwider than 2 cm and/or groin lymphnode metastases were referred for adjuvant radiotherapy. Those with largeprivary vulvar tumors received neoadjuvant radiotherapy of 30Gy followed by surgical treatment and adjuvantradiotherapy. Results: Most of patients had only primary radiotherapy to the vulva and inguinal lymph nodesand only 34.5% of patients were eligible for surgical treatment. In 5 year follow-up period 25.2% (27) patientswere alive without the disease, 15.0% (16) were alive with the disease and 59.8% (64) were dead. 60.7% (65)patients experienced local recurrence and 2.8% (3) patients had distant metastases. Median survival for patientswithout recurrent disease was 38.9±3.2 months and 36.0±2.6 months with no statistically significant difference.Patients with early stage vulvar cancer had longer mean survival rates-for stage I 53.1±3.4 months, 38.4±4.4months for stage II and 33.4±2.6 and 15.6±5.2 months for patients with stage III and stage IV vulvar cancer,respectively. The only signifficant prognostic factor predicting vulvar cancer recurrence was involvement of themidline. Conclusions: Patients having midline involvement of vulvar cancer has lower recurrence risk, probablybecause of receiving more aggressive treatment. There is a tendency for lower vulvar cancer recurrence risk forpatients over 70 years of age and patients who are receiving radiotherapy as an only treatment without surgery,but tendency for higher risk of recurrence in patients with multifocal vulvar cancer.
Vulva
cancer
Recurrence
midline involvement
2012
10
01
5237
5240
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27023_04aea5982b8dab77ec77b7811629d24e.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the XRCC1 Gene and Susceptibility to Prostate Cancer in Chinese Men
Background: Prostate cancer (Pca) is one of the most common complex and polygenic diseases in men. TheX-ray repair complementing group 1 gene (XRCC1) is an important candidate in the pathogenesis of Pca. Thepurpose of this study was to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the XRCC1gene and susceptibility to Pca. Materials and Methods: XRCC1 gene polymorphisms and associations withsusceptibility to Pca were investigated in 193 prostate patients and 188 cancer-free Chinese men. Results: Thec.910A>G variant in the exon9 of XRCC1 gene could be detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragmentlength polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing methods. Significantly increased susceptibility toprostate cancer was noted in the homozygote comparison (GG versus AA: OR=2.95, 95% CI 1.46-5.42, χ2=12.36,P=0.001), heterozygote comparison (AG versus AA: OR=1.76, 95% CI 1.12-2.51, χ2=4.04, P=0.045), dominantmodel (GG/AG versus AA: OR=1.93, 95% CI 1.19-2.97, χ2=9.12, P=0.003), recessive model (GG versus AG+AA:OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.33-4.06, χ2=8.86, P=0.003) and with allele contrast (G versus A: OR=1.89, 95% CI 1.56-2.42,χ2=14.67, P<0.000). Conclusions: These findings suggest that the c.910A>G polymorphism of the XRCC1 geneis associated with susceptibility to Pca in Chinese men, the G-allele conferring higher risk.
Prostate Cancer
XRCC1 gene
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Susceptibility
Chinese men
2012
10
01
5241
5243
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27024_ea4f1d284aea5aebcc4780618be17a4e.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini Infection in Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Northeast Thailand
Background: Opisthorchis viverrini infection is a serious public-health problem in Southeast Asia especiallyin Lao PDR and Thailand. It is associated with a number of hepatobiliary diseases and the evidence stronglyindicates that liver fluke infection is the major etiology of cholangiocarcinoma. Objectives: This study aimed todetermine actual levels of Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Nakhon Ratchasima province, Northeast Thailand.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during a one year period from October 2010 to September2011. O. viverrini infection was determined using a modified Kato’s thick smear technique and socio-demographicdata were collected using predesigned semi-structured questionnaires. Results: A total of 1,168 stool sampleswere obtained from 516 males and 652 females, aged 5-90 years. Stool examination showed that 2.48% wereinfected with O. viverrini. Males were slightly more likely to be infected than females, but the different was notstatistically significant. O. viverrini infection was most frequent in the 51-60 year age group and was found tobe positively associated with education and occupation. Positive results were evident in 16 of 32 districts, thehighest prevalence being found in Non Daeng with 16.7%, followed by Pra Thai with 11.1%, Kaeng SanamNang with 8.33%, and Lam Ta Men Chai (8.33%) districts. Conclusion: This study indicates that O viverrini isstill a problem in some areas of Nakhon Ratchasima, the patients in this study bing suitable for the purpose ofmonitoring projects.
Prevalence
Carcinogenic human liver fluke
Opisthorchis viverrini
Thailand
2012
10
01
5245
5249
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27025_096a51ac393b741a8f1c3b5b789f2f10.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Is the MDR1 C3435T Polymorphism Responsible for Oral Mucositis in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?
Background and Aim: Although the functional consequences of MDR-1 polymorphisms have been the subjectof numerous studies, to the best to our knowledge, associations with clinical side effects of anticancer drugshave yet to be assessed. Our aim was to clarify any role of the C3435T polymorphism of the MDR1 gene in oralmucositis and its relation with elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, in children with acute lymphoblasticleukemia (ALL). Materials and Methods: The distribution of the MDR-1 C3435T polymorphism in 47 patientswith ALL was determined by RFLP and compared with that of 68 healthy controls. Results: There were noassociation in distribution of genotypes of MDR-1 C3435T polymorphism and the risk of ALL. Oral mucositiswere detected in 78.7% (n=37) of the patients and significantly related to the MDR-1 CT genotype (p=0.042), asconfirmed by logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Our preliminary data suggest that children carrying theCT genotype are more prone to develop oral mucositis, which might mean that the heterozygous genotype leadsto accumulation of more reactive oxygen species. Since a limited number of patients was investigated, furtherstudies are needed to confirm these findings.
MDR-1 C3435T polymorphism
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Oral Mucositis
reactive oxygen species
2012
10
01
5251
5255
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27026_628151acf2f81cd132fc17b32e043daa.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
CA 15-3 (Mucin-1) and Physiological Characteristics of Breast Cancer from Lahore, Pakistan
Background: High incidence of breast cancer and its fatal effect has reached an alarming stage across theglobe, including the third world countries. Many factors have been reported to be associated with the developmentof breast cancer but detailed structural and functional information is missing. CA 15-3 is one of the knownpotential tumor marker of breast cancer; however little is known about structure and functional site of thisprotein. Present study aims to investigate the functional role of CA 15-3 in breast cancer, especially in developmentand metastasis. Material and Methods: Hundred female breast cancer patients confirmed by histopathologicalreports were included in the study. Their physiological characters were recorded in a performa. Enzyme linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to estimate serum CA 15-3 level. Immunohistochemistry wasdone for estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and Her2/neu receptors expression. Results: The study revealed thedetails of physiological characteristics of female breast cancer. Mean age was 37.72±5.99 and 55.05±7.28 yearsand serum CA 15-3 (MUC1) level was 60.47±8.59 and 63.17±4.58 U/ml in pre and post-menopause respectively,and both groups of women had sedentary life style. Their receptor status especially of progesterone, estrogen andHER-2/neu were positive in 50% of premenopausal women and 65% of postmenopausal women. Conclusion:There are multiple physiological factors promoting breast cancer. High serum CA 15-3 level and hormonalimbalance of ER, PR and Her2/neu appears to be the main cause of breast cancer. It may be possible that thefunctional sites of these proteins may be altered which may increase the chances of metastasis in breast cancer.
Mucin1
CA 15-3
ELISA
estrogen
transmembrane protein
breast cancer
Pakistan
2012
10
01
5257
5261
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27027_5cc3bc54f4fb429764da5ea89fbcf749.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Chinese Patients with Gastric Cancer Need Targeted Adjuvant Chemotherapy Schemes
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in China. Adjuvant chemotherapy(AC) is a routine auxiliary treatment for GC recommended by the guidelines issued in 2011 by the Ministry ofHealth of the People’s Republic of China, but the relevant credible consequences in China have been insufficientbecause of China’s late start and ethical concerns. Methods: A series of databases, including Cochrane Library,MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Chinese database of the National Knowledge Infrastructure and the VIP database,were searched by 2 reviewers independently for studies investigating AC for GC through March 2012. Theretrieved literature was screened according to the eligibility criteria. Results: A total of 35 randomized controltrials (RCTs) were subjected to the final analysis, including 4,043 patients in treatment group and 3,884 inthe control group, as well as 4 clinical-control trials (CCTs), which accessed the final analysis with 238 and252 patients, respectively. AC reduced the risk of death as a protective treatment with statistical significance(HR=0.91, 95%CI: [0.85, 0.97], P=0.002), and it seemed more effective for Asian than non-Asian patients. Theeffects of AC were not influenced by the starting time (P>0.05). D2 lymphadenectomy-based chemotherapywas effective (HR=0.89, 95%CI: [0.80, 0.99], P=0.04). Oral S-1 40 mg/m2 after D2 lymphadenectomy mightbe a better choice for Asians with advanced GC and might result in a greater reduction of adverse events thanin non-Asian patients. GRADE quality assessment determined that the strength of the evidence from foreignstudies from Europe, the United States and Asian countries other than China was high, while it was moderatefor Chinese studies. Conclusion: AC was effective or even curative in Chinese patients in general, although it isstill necessary to optimize a targeted AC scheme for Chinese patients with GC.
Adjuvant chemotherapy
Gastric cancer
regional scheme
Quality assessment
2012
10
01
5263
5272
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27028_1c9aba2a2141608df6a679f613231716.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Chemopreventive Potential of Coumarin in 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene Induced Hamster Buccal Pouch Carcinogenesis
The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemopreventive effect of coumarin against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis by monitoring tumorincidence and histopathological changes as well as by analyzing the status of biochemical markers (lipidperoxidation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes). Oralsquamous cell carcinomas were induced in the buccal pouch of Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5%DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks. We noted 100% tumor formation with markedabnormalities in the biomarkers status in hamsters treated with DMBA alone. Oral administration of coumarinat a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (bw) to DMBA treated hamsters completely prevented the tumor formationas well as restored the staus of biochemical variables. The results of the present study thus suggest that thechemopreventive effect of coumarin is probably due to its anti-lipid peroxidative potential and modulating effecton carcinogen detoxification agents in favor of the excretion of ultimate carcinogenic metabolites of DMBAduring DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.
antioxidants
Chemoprevention
Coumarin
detoxification agents
DMBA
oral cancer
2012
10
01
5273
5279
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27029_1f4422db0bf2df00236d14927104f4a5.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Expression of the CXCL12/SDF-1 Chemokine Receptor CXCR7 in Human Brain Tumours
Purpose: Receptor 7 (CXCR7) has recently been characterized as a novel receptor for CXCL12/SDF-1(stromal cell derived factor-1). Given the demonstrated importance of CXCL12/SDF-1 in angiogenesis and tumourmetastasis, we hypothesized that CXCR7 may also play a role in tumour pathogenesis. Located in the limitedspace of the intracranial cavity, any brain tumours can be inherently serious and life-threatening. However, theexpression of CXCR7 in pituitary adenoma, neurilemmoma or hemangioblastoma remains to be elucidated.Therefore, we aimed to determine the potential contribution of CXCR7 in the development of brain tumours.Methods: In this study we examined and quantified the mRNA expression of CXCR7 in four different humanbrain tumours - 27 patients with neurilemmoma (8 patients), pituitary adenoma (7 patients), hemangioblastoma(6 patients), or meningioma (6 patients) undergoing surgical resection in the West China Hospital of SichuanUniversity. There were 15 females and 12 males aged from 28 to 70 years old. Total RNA was isolated and mRNAwas measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed usingSPSS 11.0 statistical software to compare the mRNA levels of CXCR7 among four groups. Results: We foundthat CXCR7 mRNA was detected in all tumour samples. Quantitative results showed that the levels of CXCR7mRNA in brain tissues from patients with neurilemmoma or meningioma were significantly higher than thosewith pituitary adenoma or hemangioblastoma. Conclusions: The results suggest that the CXCR7 may play arole in progression, metastasis and angiogenesis of brain tumours.
CXCR7
Chemokine Receptors
neurilemmoma
Pituitary adenoma
hemangioblastoma
2012
10
01
5281
5286
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27030_b5183d9be0d0de59de66ec457f1e4d67.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Evaluating the Role of Curcum Powder as a Protective Factor against Bladder Cancer - An Experimental Study
Throughout human history, plant products have been used for many purposes including as medicines. Herbalproducts and spices can be used as preventive agents against cancer due to their antimicrobial, antioxidant andantitumorigenic properties. This study was designed to evaluate the potential protective effect of curcum in ratsadministered nitrosamine precursors; dibutylamine (DBA) and sodium nitrate (NaNO3); and infected withEscherichia coli (E. coli) and also to monitor changes in nuclear factor the Kappa B p65 (NF-κB p56) pathwayand its downstream products, Bcl-2 and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in parallel with nitrosamine precursors, E. coliand curcum treatment. Rats were divided into three groups (n=25 each; except of control group, n+20). GroupI a normal control group, group II administered DBA/NaNO3 in drinking water and infected with E. coli andgroup III was administered DBA/NaNO3 in drinking water, infected with E. coli and receiving standard dietcontaining 1% curcum powder. Histopathological examination reflected that the curcum treated group featureda lower incidence of urinary bladder lesions,and lower levels of NF-κB, Bcl-2 and IL-6, than the group receivingnitrosamine precursor and infected with E. coli. These findings suggested that curcum may have a protective roleduring the process of bladder carcinogenesis by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and its downstream products.
bladder carcinogenesis
curcum
E. coli
NF-κB p65
Bcl-2
IL-6
2012
10
01
5287
5290
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27031_c5615eeb7040a6949326390ff9f94488.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Beta-asarone Induces LoVo Colon Cancer Cell Apoptosis by Up-regulation of Caspases through a Mitochondrial Pathway in vitro and in vivo
Beta-asarone is one of the main bioactive constituents in traditional Chinese medicine Acorus calamu. Previousstudies have shown that it has antifungal and anthelmintic activities. However, little is known about its anticancereffects. This study aimed to determine inhibitory effects on LoVo colon cancer cell proliferation and to clarifythe underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Dose-response and time-course anti-proliferation effects wereexamined by MTT assay. Our results demonstrated that LoVo cell viability showed dose- and time-dependence onβ-asarone. We further assessed anti-proliferation effects as β-asarone-induced apoptosis by annexin V-fluoresceinisothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay usinga flow cytometer and observed characteristic nuclear fragmentationand chromatin condensation of apoptosis by microscopy. Moreover, we found the apoptosis to be induced throughthe mitochondrial/caspase pathway by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reducing theBcl-2-to-Bax ratio, in addition to activating the caspase-9 and caspase-3 cascades. Additionally, the apoptosiscould be inhibited by a pan-caspase inhibitor, carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]-fluoromethylketone(Z-VAD-FMK). When nude mice bearing LoVo tumor xenografts were treated with β-asarone, tumor volumeswere reduced and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays ofexcised tissue also demonstrated apoptotic changes. Taken together, these findings for the first time provideevidence that β-asarone can suppress the growth of colon cancer and the induced apoptosis is possibly mediatedthrough mitochondria/caspase pathways.
Beta-asarone
colon cancer cells
Apoptosis
mitochondrial membrane potential
caspase
2012
10
01
5291
5298
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27032_f682ce958df174e9f3b00b87fbe071e4.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Case-Control Study of Diet in Patients with Cervical Cancer or Precancerosis in Wufeng, a High Incidence Region in China
Purpose: To investigate the diet of patients with cervical cancer and precancerosis in the Wufeng area, a highincidenceregion in China. Methods: In the case group, 104 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer or cervicalintraepithelial neoplasias (CINⅡ/Ⅲ) were recruited from the Wufeng area. Nine hundred thirty-six healthywomen were selected from the same area as the matched controls. A questionnaire, which included questionsabout general lifestyle conditions, smoking and alcohol status, source of drinking water, green tea intake, anddiet in the past year, was presented to all participants. Results: Green tea intake (P=0.022, OR=0.551, 95%CI=0.330-0.919) and vegetable intake (P=0.035, OR=0.896, 95% CI=0.809-0.993) were identified as protectivefactors against cervical cancer or CINⅡ/Ⅲ. There was no indication of any associations of other lifestyle factors(smoking status, alcohol status, source of drinking water) or diet (intake of fruit, meat/egg/milk, soybean food,onion/garlic, staple food and pickled food) with cervical cancer. Conclusions: The results suggest that eatingmore fresh vegetables and drinking more green tea may help to reduce the risk of cervical cancer or CINⅡ/Ⅲin people of the Wufeng area.
Diet
cervical cancer
high-incidence region
Green tea
2012
10
01
5299
5302
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27033_9f67c5051e5f2e717d62d29fb634add3.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Aberrant DNA Methylation of P16, MGMT, and hMLH1 Genes in Combination with MTHFR C677T Genetic Polymorphism and Folate Intake in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Aim: The present case-control study was conducted to explore the association of MTHFR gene polymorphismand relations of P16, MGMT and HMLH1 to MTHFR and folate intake. Methods: A total of 257 cases ofesophageal squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by histopathological examination were collected. Genotypingof P16, MGMT and HMLH1 was accomplished by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) aftersodium bisulfate modification of DNA and the MTHFR C677T genetic polymorphism was detected by PCRrestrictionfragment-length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: The proportions of DNA hypermethylation inP16, MGMT and hMLH1 in cancer tissues were significantly higher than in paracancerous normal tissue. Theproportion of hypermethylation in at least one gene was 88.5% in cancer tissue, and was also significantly higherthan that in paracancerous normal tissue. Our finding showed individuals with homozygotes (TT) of MTHFRC677T had significant risk of DNA hypermethylation of MGMT in cancer tissues, with an OR (95% CI) of 3.15(1.12-6.87). Similarly, patients with high intake of folate also showed a slight high risk of DNA methylation ofMGMT, with OR (95% CI) of 2.03 (1.05-4.57). Conclusion: Our study found the P16, MGMT and hMLH1demonstrate a high proportion of hypermethylation in esophageal squamous cell cancer cancer tissues, whichmight be used as biomarkers for cancer detection.
DNA Methylation
P16
MGMT
hMLH1
MTHFR
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
2012
10
01
5303
5306
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27034_b23b3242b1f90818642f1f4ed948a259.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Serum Levels of G-CSF and IL-7 in Iranian Breast Cancer Patients
Introduction: Breast cancer cells and tumor stroma produce different cytokines and soluble factors. Cytokines,while playing crucial roles in immune responses to tumors, also favour tumor growth and progression. IL-7and G-CSF are two cytokines that may exert influences on the pathophysiology of breast cancer. Materials andMethods: Sera were collected from 136 females with breast cancer before receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy.The control group comprised of 60 healthy age-matched females without any acute or chronic diseases withno family history of breast cancer. Serum levels of IL-7 and G-CSF were measured by commercial enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Results: While there was no significant difference in the level of G-CSF betweenpatients (92.81±594.54 pg/ml) and controls (0.00 pg/ml), G-CSF level in sera of patients with advanced stagesof breast cancer was elevated compared to early stages (p=0.0001). Moreover, the highest level of G-CSF wasseen in patients with N3 phase tumors (p=0.0001). IL-7 was slightly but not significantly higher in the controlgroup (0.04±0.11 pg/ml) in comparison with patients (0.02±0.10 pg/ml). Interestingly, a significant increase inthe level of IL-7 in patients with skin involvement was observed (p=0.001). Conclusion: Our results showed anelevation of G-CSF in sera of patients with advanced stages of tumor, while IL-7 elevation correlated with skininvolvement of breast cancer. IL-7 can be produced by keratinocytes in skin tissue and may be involved in thepathologic establishment of metastatic tumor cells in skin.
G-CSF
IL-7
breast cancer
stage
skin
Iranian
2012
10
01
5307
5312
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27035_3eef1e4e034570e36c65a4a464705e88.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Psychoeducation Intervention to Improve Adjustment to Cancer among Turkish Stage I-II Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Psycho-educational interventions are not a substitute for analgesics, but they may serve as adjuvant therapy.Nurses can provide psychoeducational programmes to cancer patients to assist them in optimizing behavior thatstrengthen adjustment. The aim here was to determine the effects of psychoeducation on levels of adjustment tocancer in stage I-II breast cancer patients who met the study criteria (experimental group: 38 women, controlgroup:38 women). The psychoeducational program consisted of eight 90 minute weekly sessions and data werecollected using a questionnaire and the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale three times: before, six weeks andsix months after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical methods as wellas the Chi square test, the Mann Whitney U test, repeated measures analysis of variance, the matched pairs ttest and the Post Hoc Bonferroni test. The results at 6 weeks and 6 months after the program revealed that theexperimental group had higher levels of “fighting spirit”, lower levels of “helplessness/hopelessness, anxiouspreoccupation and fatalism” but there was no significant change in levels of “avoidance/denial” compared to thecontrol group with regard to adjustment to cancer. In this study, psychoeducation was shown to cause positivechanges in levels of adjustment to cancer in breast cancer patients
breast cancer
stage I-II
Patient
psychoeducation
adjustment to cancer
2012
10
01
5313
5318
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27036_f9bed5d2d3fc40508a57df20819815bd.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Clinical Safety and Efficacy of Kanglaite® (Coix Seed Oil) Injection Combined with Chemotherapy in Treating Patients with Gastric Cancer
Objective: To observe efficacy and side effects, as well as the impact on quality of life, of Kanglaite® (CoixSeed Oil) injections combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients. Method:A consecutive cohort of 60 patients were divided into two groups: the experimental group receiving Kanglaite®Injection combined with chemotherapy and the control group with chemotherapy alone. After more than twocourses of treatment, efficacy, quality of life and side effects were evaluated. Results: The response rate andKPS score of experimental group were significantly improved as compared with those of the control group(P<0.05). In addition, gastrointestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression were significantly lower than inthe control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Kanglaite® Injection enhanced efficacy and reduced the side effects ofchemotherapy, improving quality of life of gastric cancer patients; use of Kanglaite® injections deserves to befurther investigated in randomized control clinical trails.
Kanglaite injection
Chemotherapy
advanced gastric cancer treatment
2012
10
01
5319
5321
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27037_ce341458de8fc980bd2d4451a907ffcd.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Bhopal Methyl Isocyanate Affected Population and Cancer Susceptibility: Where Do We Stand Now?
2012
10
01
5323
5324
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27038_4107218295f66917fe27175e3c9842de.pdf
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
1513-7368
1513-7368
2012
13
10
Same Topic of Systematic Review, Same Conclusion?
2012
10
01
5325
5325
https://journal.waocp.org/article_27039_c1f1fe073b2a0e88e668a64e5ff2e192.pdf