West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Prognostic Value of NRAS Gene for Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis300130087565110.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3001ENYueHuSchool of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Shuang-YouTaoSpleen and Stomach Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Jie-MinDengSchool of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Zheng-KunHouThe First Affiliated Hospital,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Jia-QiLiangSchool of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Qiu-GuHuangThe Third Affiliated Hospital,
Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Liang-HuiLiSchool of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Hui-BiaoLiThe First Affiliated Hospital,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Yi-MingChenSchool of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.HuaYiSchool of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Xin-linChenSchool of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.HuiLiuThe Third Affiliated Hospital,
Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.Journal Article20180209Introduction: NRAS gene is associated with malignant proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC).<br />But its prognostic value on CRC is still unknown. The objective of this study is to perform a meta-analysis to obtain<br />its prognostic value on survival of CRC patients. Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis was designed,<br />undertaken and reported using items from the PRISMA statement. Relevant articles were identified through PubMed<br />(containing Medline), Embase, Web of Science databases and Google scholar search engines from their inception up to<br />October 3, 2016. The articles about NRAS on prognosis of CRC patients were enrolled. The association between NRAS<br />and CRC survival time (including overall survival [OS], progression-free survival [PFS], and disease-free survival<br />[DFS]) was evaluated using hazard ratio (HR) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: A total<br />of fifteen articles were included. High-expression of NRAS was significantly associated with poor OS (HR: 1.36, 95%<br />CI: 1.15–1.61), and poor PFS (HR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.04–2.94). The combined HR of NRAS on DFS was 0.87 (95% CI:<br />0.37–2.03). Subgroup analysis showed that NRAS was significantly associated with poor OS for patients from Western<br />countries (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.09–1.73), but not for those from Asian countries. Conclusions: This meta-analysis<br />demonstrate that NRAS gene could predict the poor prognosis for the CRC patients. More large-sample cohort studies<br />are needed to further confirm this conclusion.https://journal.waocp.org/article_75651_fcef190f912e801154e22c8867f1b41d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Determining the Survival Rate of Colorectal Cancer in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis300930187662910.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3009ENBahramTahmasbiHealth Sciences Research Center, Departman of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.GhasemAbediHealth Sciences Research Center, Departman of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.MahmoodMoosazadehHealth Sciences Research Center, Departman of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.GhasemJanbabaiCancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.FereshtehFarshidiHealth Sciences Research Center, Departman of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.KamyarMansoriSchool of Public Health, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.YousefMoradiPars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.FatemehKhosravi ShadmaniDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ServehParangDepartment of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IranZaherKhazaeiStudent Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.0000-0001-8619-3664Journal Article20180225Objective: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of death in the world. Despite of remarkable<br />advances in medical sciences, cancer is an important disease and the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases.<br />The present study was aimed at determining the survival rate of colorectal cancer in Iran. Methods: The present study<br />is a systematic review of national and international electronic databases. Studies that had the inclusion criteria were<br />included in the study, electronically published articles over December 2007 and March 2015 were retrieved. The collected<br />data were analyzed by meta-analytic method through stata 11.0 Software, and the survival rate was measured. Results:<br />The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year survival rates of colorectal cancer in Iran were respectively calculated as 85, 75.10, 65,<br />55.40, and 52.The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between anatomic location of tumor and<br />survival rate. According to the results of this examination, survival rate of the patients with rectal cancer was 41.9<br />times higher than those with colorectal cancer. Conclusion: Due to the relative high prevalence of this cancer among<br />young people in Iran and the low survival rate, early diagnosis of colorectal neoplasms is necessary before they become<br />symptomatic through more effective diagnosis programs of enhancing the patients’ health and survival rate. Moreover,<br />it is necessary to conduct more specialized and relevant studies in order to determine genetic or environmental causes of<br />cancer such as diet and cultural and behavioral habits at the national level and with different ethnicities.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76629_127239ca345d9c8f4d73d8c8013a97dd.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Overexpression of Regulatory T Cell-Related Markers (FOXP3, CTLA-4 and GITR) by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Breast Cancer301930257391410.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3019ENEsmatKhalifeDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.AliKhodadadiDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.AbdolhoseinTalaeizadehDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.0000-0002-2346-505XLeilaRahimianDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.MaryamNematiDepartment of Laboratory Sciences, Para-Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.AbdollahJafarzadehMolecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.Journal Article20170401Background: Regulatory T (Treg) cells are immunosuppressor lymphocytes that play a critical role in the establishment<br />and progression of cancers. A number of markers, especially FOXP3, CTLA-4 and GITR influence the function of<br />Treg cells. This investigation aimed to evaluate the expression of a number of important Treg cell-related markers by<br />peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from newly-diagnosed women with breast cancer. Methods: The fresh<br />PBMCs were obtained from 20 women with breast cancer and 20 healthy individuals. The PBMCs from both groups<br />were cultured for 32 hours in the presence or absence of PHA (10 μg/ml). After total RNA extraction from cultured<br />PBMCs, the expression of the FOXP3, CTLA-4 and GITR transcripts was assessed using real time-PCR. Results:<br />The mRNA expression of FOXP3, CTLA-4 and GITR in unstimulated PBMCs from patients with breast cancer were<br />significantly higher than healthy control group (P<0.05, PFOXP3, CTLA-4 and GITR transcripts in PHA-stimulated PBMCs from patients with breast cancer were significantly<br />increased in comparison with healthy individuals (P<0.01, Pexpression of FOXP3, CTLA-4 and GITR represent higher activity of Treg cells in patients with breast cancer that may<br />play an important role in the tumor establishment and development.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73914_6a4b4e61560d70e19c79ab2a0aed5eab.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Effects of a Self-Monitoring Quality of Life Intervention for Patients with Cancer Receiving Palliative Care in Japan: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial302730327704510.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3027ENAyakoMatsudaTeikyo University School of Medicine, Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.0000-0002-2036-5360YosukeYamadaToshima Hospital, Division Chief of Palliative Care Unit, Tokyo, Japan.NorikoIshizukaTokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.EisukeMatsushimaTokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.KunihikoKobayashiSaitama Medical University International Medical Center, Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Saitama, Japan.TakayoshiOhkuboTeikyo University School of Medicine, Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.KazueYamaokaTeikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.Journal Article20170728Background: Previous studies suggest the use of patient-reported outcome measures in routine clinical practice has<br />important benefits for patients with cancer, particularly as feedback regarding patients’ quality of life (QOL) improves<br />doctor-patient communication and clinical decision making. This study aimed to examine the effect of using the Care<br />Notebook as a routine self-monitoring QOL intervention in clinical practice for patients with cancer receiving palliative<br />care. The results are expected to clarify the practical use of the Care Notebook in this population. Methods: This<br />prospective randomized study is being undertaken at Toshima Hospital, Japan. Participating patients who are randomly<br />assigned to the intervention group will be asked to complete the shortened Care Notebook booklet for patients with<br />cancer in palliative care once each day. A control group will receive usual care. The primary outcome is global health<br />status/QOL (Global QOL), as assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of<br />Life Questionnaire Core 15 Palliative. Data will be collected at baseline (after allocation), and at 1 week and 3 weeks<br />in both the control and intervention groups. The effects of the intervention will be evaluated with a mixed random<br />effects model. The required sample size is 200 patients. We obtained approval from Toshima Hospital (No 26-11) and<br />the Tokyo Medical and Dental University Ethics Committee (No 1756). The findings will be disseminated through<br />publications in peer-reviewed journals and attendance at domestic and international conferences. The trial was registered<br />with the UMIN clinical trials registry (Trial registration number: UMIN000025322). Conclusions: This study will<br />provide evidence on whether medical staff can use the Care Notebook as a routine self-monitoring QOL intervention in<br />clinical practice for patients with cancer receiving palliative care. We expect that a routine Care Notebook intervention<br />for patients with cancer will be recommended in healthcare facilities.https://journal.waocp.org/article_77045_2ed5b0fc52a86d390183221773319440.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Estimating Risk of Breast Cancer Occurrences at Different Ages: Application of Survival Techniques303330387382710.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3033ENNijaraRajbongshiCentral Computational and Numerical Sciences Division (CCNS), Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST)
(An Autonomous Institute under Department of Science and Technology), Guwahati, India.Dilip CNathAssam University, Silchar, Assam, India.Lipi BMahantaCentral Computational and Numerical Sciences Division (CCNS), Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST)
(An Autonomous Institute under Department of Science and Technology), Guwahati, India.0000-0002-7733-5461Journal Article20170908Background: Awareness is the primary means to control breast cancer occurrence. The purpose of the present work<br />is to study the risk of breast cancer occurrence in different age group, for the study area, Assam, India, by means of<br />survival analysis techniques. Methods: Survival and hazard functions are key concepts in survival analysis for describing<br />the distribution of event times. In the present research a new individialized model has been proposed for cumulative<br />hazard function, taking gamma probability distribution as probability distribution of breast cancer occurrences. Kaplan<br />Meier Survival method has been applied to find out the probability of diseases occurrence in the early menarche and<br />late menarche group. The data used for implementation were collected from the Record Department of a prime local<br />cancer institute, for the period 2010-2012. The information for the risk factor age at menarche were collected from the<br />patients registered during August 2011 to February 2012. Results: The study reveals that in the study area, cumulative<br />hazard of the women belonging to 35 to 50 years is higher than the early and late aged women. The cumulative hazard<br />plot with shape parameter 0.5, 1 and 10 shows that cumulative risk for early aged women are greater than the late age<br />women but when this values is increased from 10, the opposite trend is observed. Further, the median age of disease<br />occurrence among early menarche group is 52 years and for late menarche it is 54 years. Conclusion: The model<br />developed could successfully point out the age group for women lying at higher risk of breast cancer occurrence.<br />Additionally the important risk factor, age at menarche, was effectively applied to supplement to this calculation. It is<br />hoped that practical use of this method would enhance not only awareness but also early detection of the said disease.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73827_95c9c0a21bc0c45ae4f6f3096fdf676b.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Low Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus in Patients with Breast Cancer, Kerman; Iran303930447049610.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3039ENRezaMalekpour AfsharPathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, Iran.NeginBalarDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, Iran.Hamid RezaMollaeiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, Iran.0000-0001-6874-0011Seyed AlimohammadArabzadehDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, Iran.MaryamIranpourPathology and Stem Cell Research Center, erman University of Medical Sciences,
Kerman, Iran.Journal Article20170925Breast cancer is the first of the most important causes of the deaths of women in the world and in Iran. There are<br />various causes and causes of this cancer, one of which has recently been described as a cause of breast cancer, is the human<br />papillomavirus (HPV). The HPV is transmitted through sexual contact and skin lesions. There are more than 100 types of<br />HPV that can influence different parts of the body. Some types of HPV can cause cancer (such as cervical or anal cancer)<br />and others can cause warts (such as genital or plantar warts). To study the risk of HPV infection in Breast Cancer, we<br />managed a Case-Control study in Kerman, southeast of Iran. For this purpose, 98 paraffin blocks of breast cancer and<br />40 paraffin blocks of fibrocystic as a control were tested for the presence of HPV DNA using Real-Time PCR, and<br />HPV typing was done using INNo-Lippa assay. HPV DNA was detected in 8 out of 98 patients (8.2%), while it was<br />not detected in the control group samples. HPV types 16, 18 were the most common (62.5%) types in positive samples.<br />The prevalence of HPV in patients with breast cancer of Iran is very low and less than other regions of the world,<br />it seems that maybe rout of transmission of HPV in Iran is under control. No one knows exactly why breast cancer<br />occurs. The environment, hormones, Viruses, or your lifestyle could all play a role in the development of breast cancer.<br />Currently, Vaccination is the best way to prevent cancer that’s due to HPV. However, additional studies on the larger<br />group of patients are needed to explain the roles of HPV in Breast cancer.West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Socio-Environmental Patterns Associated with Cancer Mortality: A Study Based on a Quality of Life Approach304530527662610.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3045ENSonia AlejandraPouInstitute of Health Sciences Research (INICSA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), University of Córdoba, Tandil, Argentina.Biostatistics Unit, School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Córdoba, Tandil, Argentina.0000-0002-8571-9318Maria Del PilarDiazInstitute of Health Sciences Research (INICSA), Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), University of Córdoba, Tandil, Argentina.Biostatistics Unit, School of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Córdoba, Tandil, Argentina.0000-0001-5207-4253Guillermo AngelVelazquezInstitute of Geography,
History and Social Sciences (IGEHCS), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), National University of
the Center of the Province of Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina.Journal Article20171009Background: With 18.6% of total deaths due to malignant tumors in 2016, cancer is the second leading death cause<br />in Argentina. While there is a broad consensus on common risk factors at the individual cancer level, those operating<br />at a contextual level have been poorly studied in developing countries. The objective of our study was to identify<br />socio-environmental patterns in Argentina (2010), emphasizing quality of life, and to explore their associations with the<br />spatial distribution of cancer mortality in the country. Methods: The study was conducted in 525 geographical divisions<br />nested into 24 provinces. Sex-specific crude and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) for cancer (2009-2011 period)<br />were calculated. Empirically derived socio-environmental patterns were identified through principal-component factor<br />analysis on a selected set of variables: an urban scale and 29 indicators of a quality of life index in Argentina for 2010.<br />Two-level Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations between the ASMR and the continuous factor<br />scores for socio-environmental patterns as covariates. A random intercept was included to account for spatial variability<br />in the ASMR distribution using Stata software. Results: Four socio-environmental patterns were identified, termed<br />“Contexts with urban-related resources or cultural capital”, “Socioeconomically prosperous contexts”, “Environments<br />with anthropic exposures” and “Plains region” (cumulative explained variance=57%). High mortality rates were found<br />in counties characterized by socioeconomically prosperous contexts (RR=1.025 in women; 1.088 in men) and plain<br />landscapes (RR=1.057 and 1.117, respectively). Counties featuring urban or cultural resources demonstrated increased<br />mortality in women (RR=1.015, 95%CI=1.005-1.025), whereas rising rates associated with environments having<br />anthropic exposures (RR=1.008, 95%CI=1.001-1.016) were observed only for men. Conclusion: This study identified<br />four characteristic socio-environmental patterns in Argentina which incorporate features of quality of life, accounting<br />to some extent for the differential burden of cancer mortality in this country.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76626_dbbf052673d6daf9e9ae4584ae438849.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Calculation of Equivalent Square Fields in Radiation Therapy by an Improved Vadash Correction Factor for Collimator Exchange Effects305330577391910.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3053ENMohammad JavadTahmasebi BirganiDepartment of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.NahidChegniDepartment of Medical Physics, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.MarziyehTahmasbiDepartment
of Radiology Technology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.RaziyeFayaziDepartment of Medical Physics, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.JafarFatahi AslDepartment
of Radiology Technology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Mohammad AliBehrouzDepartment of Medical Physics, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Journal Article19991130Background and objectives: To determine the head scatter factor, a formalism presented by Vadash and Bjärngard<br />has been employed to assess collimator exchange effects. The aim of this study was to determine the best Vadash<br />correction factor (A) by introducing a new method based on the output factor measured in air for different square and<br />rectangular fields. Materials and Methods: A new simple mathematical method based on selection of the best dosimetric<br />data was proposed to obtain the A value for Vadash to predict the equivalent square field size. Measurements were<br />performed with a Farmer chttps://journal.waocp.org/article_73919_dcbfcde9191090ae21a5c45c9d5fec35.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Comparison of Salivary and Serum Soluble CD44 Levels between Patients with Oral SCC and Healthy Controls305930637663210.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3059ENSeyedaliSeyedmajidiDental Materials Rresearch Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran.MaryamSeyedmajidiDental Materials Rresearch Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran.RaminForoughiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran.AmirZahedpashaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran.ZahraZolfaghari SaraviStudents Research Committee, Babol University of medical sciences, Babol, Iran.RoghayehPourbagherCellular and Molecular Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.AliBijaniNon-Communicable Pediatrics Diseases Research
Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.MinaMotallebnejadDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial
Diseases, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.AliMonfared ShabestaniDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.AmrollahMostafazadehDepartment
of Immunology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.Journal Article20171029Background: The most common type of oral cancer is oral squamous cell carcinoma. If it is diagnosed in the early<br />stages; the success of the treatment can be increased. It seems that ELISA-based techniques as a screening tool for<br />society are the most cost-effective methods for early diagnosis. CD44 is a key marker for the detection of SCC stem<br />cells. The aim of this study was to compare the level of soluble CD44 in saliva and serum between patients with oral<br />SCC and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: Saliva and serum were collected from 20 patients with primary<br />OSCC and 20 healthy persons as control group. The samples were evaluated by an ELISA test kit. Data were analyzed<br />by SPSS software version 22, chi-square, ANOVA, T-test and Spearman correlation test. Results: The mean of soluble<br />CD44 level in serum and saliva of the patient and control groups are 531.51±228.95 and 453.3±113.74 (for serum)<br />and 48.53±59.02 and 17.76±39.14 (for saliva) respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in serum<br />and saliva solCD44 level between the patient and control groups (P value = 0.182 and P value = 0.061 respectively).<br />Also, there was no significant correlation between the solCD44 level in each patient and control group in serum (P<br />value = 0.61) and in saliva (P value = 0.445). Conclusions: Determination of solCD44 level in saliva and serum can<br />be a useful method for diagnosis the person’s involvement with cancer cells and the cancer in the early stages. But<br />according to the controversial outcomes of past studies, larger and more accurate studies are needed in groups with<br />more cases of oral cancer.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76632_9da62c70c6e926c0dccc71e3599cac01.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Tylophorine Abrogates G2/M Arrest Induced by Doxorubicine and Promotes Increased Apoptosis in T47D Breast Cancer Cells306530697662710.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3065ENNofran PutraPratamaPostgraduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.SeptiWulandariPostgraduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Agung EndroNugrohoDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0001-7840-8493NanangFakhrudinDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0001-7954-9503PujiAstutiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.-SudarsonoDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Journal Article20171030Background: The effects of tylophorine, a natural alkaloid found in Tylophora indica, administered as a single<br />compound or in combination with doxorubicin on cell cycling and apoptosis were assessed in T47D breast cancer cells,<br />selected as a model system for breast cancer. Methods: Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were examined by flow<br />cytometry. Caspase 3 and 9 expression was determined by immunocytochemistry.Result: We found that tylophorine did<br />not significantly influence the cell cycle distribution of T47D cells. However, the alkaloid did prevent accumulation of<br />cells in the G2/M phase. In addition, tylophorine increased the number of apoptotic cells. Expression of proapoptotic<br />proteins (caspases 3 and 9) was up-regulated upon administration of tyloporine alone or in combination with doxorubicin.<br />Conclusions: Tylophorine alone or in combination with doxorubicin induced apoptosis in T47D breast cancer cells<br />through modulation of the cell cycle and affecting the expression of caspases 3 and 9.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76627_f8efef4b7b73f865d2be777d139eab9e.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Evaluation of Anal Cytology in Women with History of Abnormal Pap Smear, Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Cervical Cancer and High Risk HPV for Anogenital Dysplasia307130757048710.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3071ENMaryam SadatHosseiniPreventative Gynecology Research Center, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-8303-3681DonyaKhosraviPreventative Gynecology Research Center, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.FarahFarzanehPreventative Gynecology Research Center, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-5062-4386AbdalaliEbrahimiDepartment of Pathology, Imam Hossein Hospital, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.MalihehArabPreventative Gynecology Research Center, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-2244-3529TaherehAshraf GanjoiePreventative Gynecology Research Center, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-1105-0284FarzaneJamdarPreventative Gynecology Research Center, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AtefehMoridiPreventative Gynecology Research Center, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-7791-4439MohammadChehraziDepartment of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20171031Background: Anal cancer is uncommon. Although uncommon, the incidence of anal cancer has increased among<br />the general population of the United States and other countries over the past 30 years. We evaluated anal cytology in<br />women with the history of abnormal pap smear, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer and high risk HPV<br />for anogenital dysplasia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 153 patients over the age of 21 years, referred to Imam<br />Hossein Hospital in 1395-1396 who were being monitored due to abnormal pap smear, cervical cancer, CIN and high<br />risk HPV, were evaluated with anal cytology for anogenital dysplasia. Results: 153 patients were enrolled in four<br />main groups. Among those with a history of abnormal pap smear (39 patients), only 25% of the patients with HSIL<br />had abnormal anal pap smear, and the rest of them had negative anal smear. Among those with a history of CIN (61<br />patients), patients with CIN III, 30.8% had abnormal anal smear, while the rest had a negative anal smear. Among those<br />with a high risk of HPV (23 patients), 50% of the patients with concurrent positive HPV 16 and 18 had anal abnormal<br />smear. Patients with a history of cervical cancer (30 patients) who had radiotherapy with or without surgery showed a<br />negative anal smear. The ratio of anal SIL positive of individuals with a sexual partner was only 1.9%, while this ratio<br />was 27.3% for those with more than one partner and this difference was statistically significant (P <0.0001). 15.4%<br />of smokers had positive anal SIL test result, while, only 2.9% non-smokers had the same result, and this difference<br />was statistically significant (P = 0.03). 20% of the patients who had anal intercourse showed a positive anal SIL score<br />result, compared to 1% for those who did not. This difference was statistically significant (P <0.0001). Conclusion:<br />Among people with a history of abnormal cervical pap smear, CIN, cervical cancer and high-risk HPV during the last<br />6 months, abnormal anal tests are most commonly seen in patients who had risk factors such as anal sex, cigarette,<br />multi partner etc. with high grade interepithelial squamous cervix such as HSIL, CIN III, HPV 16 and 18; more studies<br />in larger sample size are needed to have the better conclusion.https://journal.waocp.org/article_70487_709addc98f8016ecc4424a2d9c82bac1.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Sexuality of Moroccan Survivors of Cervical Cancer: A Prospective Data307730797664610.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3077ENZinebDahbiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco.AliSbaiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco.LoubnaMezouarDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Oujda, Morocco.Journal Article20171112Introduction: This is a prospective study aiming to describe how cervical cancer and its treatment can affect<br />the sexuality of a specific population of Moroccan women survivors of this disease. Materiels and Methods: It is a<br />comparison of clinical features and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) of 3 balanced groups of women, made up<br />of 100 survivors of cervical cancer, 100 survivors of non-gynecological cancer and a group of 100 healthy women.<br />Results: 97% of the patients stopped their full sexual activity at the time of treatment; the time interval between treatment<br />and regular sexual activity was 8 months for the cervical cancer group, and 5.8 months for non-gynecologic cancer (P<br />=0.001). Vaginal length assessed by pelvic examination during follow up visits was estimated at about 6.2 cm, 9.2 cm<br />and 9.5 cm respectively for the cervical cancer group, non-gynecologic cancer group and the control group (p=0.04).<br />On the basis of the FSFI questionnaire, the analysis of the 6 main sexuality parameter scores did attest worse results for<br />the variables related to sexual function for cervical cancer group, but not in a statistically significant way. Conclusion:<br />In order to preserve an optimal quality of life after cervical cancer, the sexual dimension is a crucial parameter to take<br />into consideration throughout treatment phases, especially radiation (by encouraging sexual intercourses, and using<br />vaginal dilators during the treatment). Moroccan survivors of this disease must be treated according to a multidisciplinary<br />approach, that includs the psychological component.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76646_7275ee6cebea20cb5eafaecccee0c9e6.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Determining Overall Survival and Risk Factors in Esophageal Cancer Using Censored Quantile Regression308130866913310.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3081ENElahehZareanModeling in Health Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.0000-0002-2227-8949MahmoudMahmoudiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.TaraAzimiSchool of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.PayamAminiDepartment of
Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine,
ACECR, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20171115Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The global increasing rate of this<br />type of cancer requires more attention. The purpose of this study was to determine the overall survival probability of<br />esophageal cancer after diagnosis and to assess the potential risk factors in a population of Iranian patients. Materials<br />and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 127 cases with esophageal cancer in the Azarbaijan<br />province, East of Iran. Participants in the study were diagnosed during 2009-2010 and were followed up for 5 years. The<br />event was considered death due to esophageal cancer and those who survived until the end of the study were assumed as<br />right censored. Censored quntile regression was fitted to find the overall survival of the patients using adjusted effects of<br />variables and was compared with Cox regression model. Results: Patients’ mean and median survival time were 16.99<br />and 10.06 months respectively and 89% off cases died by the end of the study. The 1, 3, 6, 12 and 36-month survival<br />probabilities were 0.95, 0.76, 0.60, 0.43, and 0.18. The median survival time for females and males without surgery<br />were 21.79 and 14.76 month respectively. The accuracy of predictions were 0.99 and 0.74 for the censored quantile<br />regression and Cox, respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that being male, not having surgery, longer wait time<br />between having symptoms and being diagnosed, low socioeconomic status and old age to be significant risk factors in<br />reducing the probability of survival from esophageal cancer.https://journal.waocp.org/article_69133_81e21dbd410cf21f71a332ba328a22a5.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Low Levels of Vitamin D in a Cohort of Women with Impalpable Breast Lesions from Rio de Janeiro/Brazil308730927383110.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3087ENLucasDelmonicoCirculating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Medical Sciences Graduation Program (PGCM), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.0000-0002-3753-9451Maurício Augusto Silva MagalhãesCostaAmericas Medical City, Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Carolina Maria DaAzevedoRadiology Service, Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.Rafaele TavaresSilvestreCirculating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Luciano RiosScherrerKennedy Faculty, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.Maria Helena FariaOrnellasCirculating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Medical Sciences Graduation Program (PGCM), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.0000-0002-2983-9593GildaAlvesCirculating Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Medical Sciences Graduation Program (PGCM), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Journal Article20171120Background: Low levels of vitamin D have been described as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer.<br />The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of vitamin D (25OHD) in patients with impalpable breast lesions<br />comparing with a control group. Methods: Vitamin D quantification (25OHD) was assessed in the plasma of 65 patients<br />with impalpable breast lesions and from 20 health controls using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay.<br />Pearson’s chi-square test and nonparametric t-Student were used to evaluate statistical significance between the clinical<br />variables and the means of quantification of vitamin D. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to<br />evaluate the correlation between age and vitamin sufficiency for the cases and the controls. Results: The prevalence of<br />vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency in women with malignant lesions was 84% and 60% for the control group.<br />Using the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, the relationship between vitamin D levels and age presented significant<br />association only for the control group (P=0.002). Using ROC curve, the plot area (0.778) for the control group defined<br />a cut-off value of 45 years to age, with specificity and sensitivity of 60% and 50%, respectively. Thus, the odds ratio<br />for vitamin D insufficiency in women over 45 years was 1.37 (P=0.011). For the case group, clinical characteristics,<br />histological grade, and lymph node involvement did not show any significant association. Conclusion: The prevalence of<br />vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is high in women with impalpable breast lesions, as well as in the control group,<br />even in a tropical city. According to the results the age advancement may be involved with the decrease in vitamin D<br />levels in plasma, but there was no statistical association between low levels of Vitamin D and breast cancer.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73831_c235912dcfb654d8f288d7640dbff5d1.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Automated Detection and Classification of Microcalcification Clusters with Enhanced Preprocessing and Fractal Analysis309330987390710.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3093ENVGowriDepartment of Information Technology, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai, India.K RValluvanDepartment of ECE, Velalar College of Engineering and Technology India.V VijayaChamundeeswariDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Velammal Engineering College,
Chennai, India.0000-0001-6624-9042Journal Article20171213This paper addresses the automated detection of microcalcification clusters from mammogram images by enhanced<br />preprocessing operations on digital mammograms for automated extraction of breast tissue from background, removing<br />artefacts occurring during image registration using X-rays, followed by fractal analysis of suspicious regions.<br />Identification of breast of either left or right and realigning them to a standard position forms a primitive step in<br />preprocessing of mammograms. As the next step in the process, pectoral muscles are separated. Suspicious regions of<br />microcalcifications are identified and are subjected to further analysis of classifying it as benign or malignant. Texture<br />features are representative of its malignancy and fractal analysis was carried out on extracted suspicious regions for<br />its texture features. Principal Component Analysis was carried out to extract optimal features. Ten features were<br />found to be an optimal number of reduced texture features without compromising on classification accuracy. Scaled<br />conjugate Gradient Back propagation network was used for classification using reduced texture features obtained from<br />PCA analysis. By varying hidden layer neurons, accuracy of results achieved by proposed methods is analysed and<br />is calculated to reach maximum accuracy with an optimal level of 15 neurons. Accuracy of 96.3% was achieved with<br />10 fractal features as input to neural network and 15 hidden layer neurons in neural network designed. The design of<br />architecture is finalised with maximised accuracy for labelling microcalcification clusters as benign or malignant.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73907_6a94b1c2451c22fa5091425fa457fc71.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Therapeutic Benefit of Placentrex in the Management of Acute Chemo Radiation Induced Mucositis in Oral Cancer Patients309931037662810.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3099ENSatish SrinivasKondaveetiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, India.0000-0002-4952-7204DivyambikaC VFaculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, India.ChristopherJohnDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, India.ManickavasagamMDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, India.RajendiranSDepartment of Pathology,
Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, India.Journal Article20171217Background: A troublesome and usually unavoidable consequence of Head and Neck chemo radiation is oral<br />mucositis which decreases patients’ compliance and negatively influences the outcome of therapy by increasing overall<br />treatment time. Currently, no single effective recommended treatment exists for this problem and a variety of supportive<br />care measures have been practiced with limited benefits. This study was done to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of<br />Placentrex in the management of oral mucositis seen in oral cancer patients undergoing treatment with concurrent<br />chemoradiation. Methodology: This study was carried out, as a retrospective analysis, on oral cancer patients undergoing<br />concurrent chemoradiation with weekly Cisplatin regimen treated between Oct 2015 and July 2017. All the patients<br />received 2ml of Inj Placentrex, once daily administered intramuscularly for 4 weeks, NSAIDs, topical analgesics,<br />and mouth wash as treatment for oral mucositis. The results were compared with a historical control group of 40 oral<br />cancer patients who had received treatment prior to the study period without receiving Inj Placentrex as a part of oral<br />mucositis management. Results: Over 60% of the patients in both groups were older than 60 years of age. Buccal<br />mucosa was the predominant sub site of the investigated cancer type. The addition of placentrex resulted in delay in<br />the progression of mucositis, reduction of treatment breaks, regression of pain, and improvement of dysphagia while<br />leading to no adverse effects (p<0.05). Conclusion: Placentrex appears to be a beneficial therapeutic option for the<br />management of concurrent chemo-radiation induced acute oral mucositis in oral cancer patients.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76628_c8e18aec2657ded0bbaf0678e4dc93c9.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Distributed ICSA Clustering Approach for Large Scale Protein Sequences and Cancer Diagnosis310531097663310.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3105ENThenmozhiKDepartment of Computer Applications, Selvam College of Technology, Namakkal, India.0000-0003-2638-375xKarthikeyani VisalakshiNDepartment of Computer Science, Government
Arts and Science College, Kangayam, India.ShanthiSDepartment of Computer Applications, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamilnadu,
India.PyingkodiMDepartment of Computer Applications, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamilnadu,
India.Journal Article20171221Objective: With the over saturating growth of biological sequence databases, handling of these amounts of data has<br />increasingly become a problem. Clustering has become one of the principal research objectives in structural and functional<br />genomics. However, exact clustering algorithms, such as partitioned and hierarchical clustering, scale relatively poorly<br />in terms of run time and memory usage with large sets of sequences. Methods: From these performance limits, heuristic<br />optimizations such as Cuckoo Search Algorithm with genetic operators (ICSA) algorithm have been implemented in<br />distributed computing environment. The proposed ICSA, a global optimized algorithm that can cluster large numbers<br />of protein sequences by running on distributed computing hardware. Results: It allocates both memory and computing<br />resources efficiently. Compare with the latest research results, our method requires only 15% of the execution time and<br />obtains even higher quality information of protein sequence. Conclusion: From the experimental analysis, We noticed<br />that the cluster of large protein sequence data sets using ICSA technique instead of only alignment methods reduce<br />extremely the execution time and improve the efficiency of this important task in molecular biology. Moreover, the<br />new era of proteomics is providing us with extensive knowledge of mutations and other alterations in cancer study.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76633_4db512d7006290f47be7e0ee66220967.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Expression of LRP Gene in Breast Cancer Patients Correlated with MRP1 as Two Independent Predictive Biomarkers in Breast Cancer311131157049010.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3111ENMohsenTaheriDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.JamshidMotalebzadehDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.FrouzandehMahjoubiDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20180103Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is still a great<br />obstacle of breast cancer chemotherapy. We have previously shown that multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1)<br />is associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The lung resistance-related protein (LRP) is identified as<br />a prognostic marker and response to treatment factor which has been studied mainly in hematological malignancy and<br />leukemia. In this study, we aimed to analyze LRP expression and possible correlation between the expression level of<br />this gene with MRP1 as a candidate marker for chemotherapy resistance. Materials and Methods: We collected 54<br />breast tumors and adjacent normal tissues from Iranian breast cancer patients and Real time RT-PCR was employed to<br />measure the gene expression level in our samples. Results: MRP1 and LRP expression level were significantly lower<br />in tumor tissues of the patients responding to chemotherapy compared to non-responding patients. No relation between<br />the expression level of either of these genes and clinicopathology markers was found. Conclusion: Our results suggest<br />that LRP gene expression is correlated to MRP1 in human breast cancer cells and may affect the clinical response to<br />treatment.https://journal.waocp.org/article_70490_34138823718d5dae8eb8232ca735b311.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Association between Dietary and Lifestyle Indices and Colorectal Cancer in Oman: A Case-Control Study311731227664710.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3117ENRose NMafianaDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Sultan Qaboos University Hospital,
Oman.Ahmed SAl LawatiDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.Mostafa IWalyDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan
Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.0000-0002-8197-3378YahyaAl FarsiDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of
Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan
Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.MaimounaAl KindiDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Sultan Qaboos University Hospital,
Oman.MansourAl MoundhriDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.Journal Article20180115Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled<br />growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. CRC vary on the basis of both the biologic features of the disease and its<br />associated lifestyle characteristics. The risk of CRC increases with several modifiable factors including obesity, physical<br />inactivity, a diet high in red or processed meat, heavy alcohol consumption, and possibly inadequate intake of fruits and<br />vegetables. We aimed to establish a baseline data for dietary and lifestyle characteristics of Omani adults diagnosed<br />with CRC. Methods: A Case control study conducted at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, a referral hospital for CRC<br />patients in Oman, and included 279 subjects (109 diagnosed CRC cases and 170 matched controls). All study subjects<br />were recruited on volunteer basis and personally interviewed for preset questions related to sociodemographic data,<br />anthropometric assessment, dietary intake and physical activity. Results: There was no significant difference between<br />cases and controls regarding smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity and dietary fiber intake. However the enrolled<br />cases were more overweight (OR =3.27. 95% CI: 1.91, 7.27), and, had a higher caloric (p =0.001) and macronutrient<br />intake (carbohydrate: p = 0.001; protein: p = 0.017; saturated fat: P = 0.034) than the controls. In addition, the dietary<br />pattern of the cases was characterized by a trend towards low vegetables and fruits intake. Conclusion: CRC maybe<br />prevented through dietary management of high risk groups. This primary prevention approach will ultimately reduce<br />the burden of CRC in Oman.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76647_cdce37e67e0984e01e1fa762dc32bcd3.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Factors Affecting Use of Telemedicine and Telesurgery in Cancer Care (TTCC) among Specialist Physicians312331297376410.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3123ENMohammadrezaMalekiHealth Services Management Department, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Seyed MasoodMousaviHealth Services Management Department, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.OmidKhosravizadehDeterminants of Health Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.0000-0001-6893-3489MohammadHeidariDepartment of Medical and Surgical, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord
University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.0000-0001-7767-5645MehdiRaadabadiStudents Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.MinaJahanpourSocial Welfare Management Research
Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20180207Background: Considering the increasing incidence of different cancers, use of modern technologies such<br />as TTCC can make a dramatic change in treatment of these diseases. So, if the evolution strategy conflicts with<br />the organizational culture, national culture, and organizational structure of experts in this field, resistance will rise.<br />Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effective factors on the use of TTCC in hospitals affiliated<br />to Tehran University of Medical Sciences using the AHP model. Materials and Methods: This current descriptive<br />study was carried out in 2018 on specialist physicians from five hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.<br />The data gathering tool was a questionnaire consisting of two sections; demographic items and 27 effective factors<br />influencing the implementation of TTCC technology, which was evaluated for validity and reliability. Data analysis<br />was performed using analytical hierarchy process with expert choice and for empirical illustration are used to discuss<br />the use of covariance-based SEM versus smart PLS software. Results: Based on AHP comparisons in the studied<br />factors, the highest priority was the Cultural factor. In other words, commitment of senior executives to support<br />the provision of a new technology with a weight of 0.327. The lowest priority, however, was related to support diverse<br />approaches, innovation, creativeness, and acceptance of new ideas with a weight of 0.038. In regard with technical<br />and organizational factors, out-of-hospital access to the intranet network and support provided by the doctors, with the<br />weight of 0.221 and 0.205 in order, acquired the highest rates. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of cancer<br />in Iran and the necessity of using new technologies in its treatment and by addressing the specialists’ views and opinions<br />in this field, organizational and national culture in the application of TTCC technology should be promoted. This target<br />can be hit through acceptance, change in attitude, and successful use of TTCC technology by medical professionals.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73764_38272a34378bd5a6412d054270984375.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Low Expression of Leucocyte Associated Immunoglobulin Like Receptor-1 (LAIR-1/CD305) in a Cohort of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cases313131357664810.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3131ENMinuSinghPediatric Haematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.PrateekBhatiaPediatric Haematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.0000-0001-6096-3587Jitendra KShandilyaAllergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.AmitRawatAllergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.NeelamVarmaDepartment of
Haematology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.Manupdesh SinghSachdevaDepartment of
Haematology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.AmitaTrehanPediatric Haematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.DeepakBansalPediatric Haematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.RichaJainPediatric Haematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.SiddharthTotadriPediatric Haematology-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.Journal Article20180209Background: Immunophenotypic markers can play significant role in prognostic assessment for different cancers<br />and leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor (LAIR-1) is a recently identified inhibitory immuno-receptor. Methods: We<br />measured LAIR-1 expression in paediatric ALL patients (n-42) and appropriate controls by flow cytometry. Median<br />fluorescence intensities (MFIs) were calculated and correlated with demographic and clinical variables and early<br />treatment outcome parameters. Results: The ALL cohort had an age range of 1 - 11 y and a M:F ratio of 2.5:1. 64%<br />had WBC counts 50 x 109/L, 52% being standard risk and 48% high risk. There were 6<br />cases of T-ALL and 36 of B-ALL. AML1-TEL, E2A-PBX, BCR-ABL and MLL-AF4 transcripts were noted in 3, 6,<br />2 and 1 patient, respectively. Day 8 ABC was <1,000 in 31 and >1,000 in 8 cases, while 30 had low and 7 high MRD<br />(both >0.01) at day 35 of treatment. The median MFI for LAIR-1 expression in control cases was 8.2 (range 7.76-11.69)<br />and in ALL cases 4.02 (range 0.56 to 11.87), with 74% (n-31) of ALL cases showing reduced LAIR-1 expression.<br />However, no significant correlations were found between standard ALL risk factors and LAIR-1 expression. Out of<br />42 patients, 4 died during induction treatment and one exited therapy, 60% (n-3/5) of these featuring low expression<br />of LAIR-1. Also ALL patients with low LAIR-1 expression had t (12;21), t (1;19) and t (4;11) translocations in 2, 4<br />and 1 samples, respectively, but none had t (9;22). Of those with high LAIR-1 expression, 2 had t (9;22) (MFIs-14.43<br />and 11.87). Conclusions: This pilot study of LAIR-1expression in ALL suggests low expression of the inhibitory<br />molecule in leukemic cells. However, the findings need to be confirmed with larger cohort, along with studies focusing<br />on pathophysiological roles in leukemic clone survival and escape from the immune system.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76648_3dd811c20033a6c56284a0650ca92442.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Improving Anti-Cancer Potentiality and Bioavailability of Gallic Acid by Designing Polymeric Nanocomposite Formulation313731467390810.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3137ENHanaaAhmedDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Asmaa FGalalNarcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.0000-0002-8154-9016Aziza BShalbyDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Ahmed AAbd-RabouDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Fathy MMehayaDepartment of Food
Technology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20180211Objective: In this study, we investigated the in vivo antitumor activity and pharmacokinetic characteristics of<br />encapsulated GA-NC (gallic acid nanocomposite) in normal and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-induced rats.<br />Methods: Rats were distributed into 4 groups; negative control, HCC, gallic acid (GA), and GA-NC. Serum levels of<br />alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), endoglin (ENG), heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70), pro-caspase 3, lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) and<br />β-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) were assayed by ELISA. The pharmacokinetic parameters for GA or GA-NC<br />were determined by means of non-compartmental approach based on the serum– concentration profiles of free GA<br />and GA-NC after oral administration. Also, histological procedures were used for examination of liver tissue sections.<br />Results: Anaplastic changes in liver tissues were observed in untreated HCC group, as well as a significant increase<br />in the serum AFP level. In addition, significant elevation in the serum ENG level as an angiogenic marker and the<br />serum levels of the apoptotic mediators; HSP-70, Bcl-2 and pro-caspase 3 beside significant amplification in the serum<br />inflammatory modulator, LCN-2 were recorded. Treatment with free GA or GA-NC markedly recovered the anaplastic<br />changes in the rat liver tissues. In addition, they restored serum levels of AFP, ENG, HSP-70, Bcl-2, pro-caspase-3,<br />and LCN-2. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that GA–NC displayed a characteristic sustained release profile with<br />4-fold increase in bioavailability in normal and HCC-induced rats. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that<br />encapsulation of GA into PLGA-CS-PEG enhances its oral bioavailability and anti-cancer activity. GA-NC may be<br />a new therapeutic candidate for the mitigation of hepatocarcinogenesis.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73908_2ca79e2716b497094515799fff0446a1.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101The Tendency of Having MSH2 and MSH6 Microsatellite Instability among Clinicopathological Features in Patients with Colorectal Cancer314731527425610.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3147ENNeniArshitaDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Rizka VLestariDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Susanna HHutajuluDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0001-9236-9435AhmadGhozaliDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Public
Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Dewi KParamitaDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.1000-0001-6759-8658Journal Article20180219Objective: This study aimed to identify micro-satellite instability (MSI) based on the expression of MMRp (MSH2<br />and MSH6) and to evaluate the association of MSI and with clinicopathological features in patients with colorectal<br />cancer (CRC). Methods: MMRp expression in 80 tissue samples from patients with adenocarcinoma CRC were<br />evaluated by using anti-MSH2 and -MSH6 antibodies. Loss of MSH2 and/or MSH6 expression was stated as MSI.<br />The association between MSI status and clinicopathological features were analyzed by using binary logistic regression<br />(p<0.05). Results: The frequency of MSI in patients with CRC varied, corresponding to 8.3% (6/72) MSH2 MSI,<br />36.1% (26/72) MSH6 MSI and 6.9% (5/72) MSH2-MSH6 MSI. Male patients (OR=1.98), with tumor located in colon<br />(OR=1.47) and late stage tumor (OR=1.48) have a tendency of having MSH2 MSI. Male patients (OR=1.4), with tumor<br />located in colon (OR=2.53) and poor tumor differentiation (OR=3.02) have a tendency to encounter MSH6 MSI. Male<br />patients (OR=4.93) with late stage tumor (OR=1.69) have a tendency of having MSH2-MSH6 MSI. Conclusion:<br />Patients more likely to have MSH2 MSI are males, and/or having tumor located in colon, and /or having late stage<br />tumor. Patients more likely to have MSH6 MSI are males, and/or having tumor located in colon, and/or having tumor<br />with poor differentiation. Patients who have greater tendency to have MSH2 and MSH6 MSI are males, and/or having<br />late stage tumor.https://journal.waocp.org/article_74256_21c1274d7aff7738549c9d70d4e0452a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Prevalence of Epstein–Barr Virus Genotypes in Pakistani Lymphoma Patients315331597382810.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3153ENSadiaSalahuddinDepartment of Biological Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.JabbarKhanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.0001-8855-1752JohariaAzharPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ChristopherB. WhitehursLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill USA, United States.IshtiaqQadriKing Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.JuliaShackelfordLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill USA, United States.Joseph SPaganoLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill USA, United States.DostMuhammadBannu Medical College, Bannu, KP, Pakistan.Kristy LRichardsCornell University, Ithaca New York, United States.Journal Article20180227The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a herpesvirus infecting more than 90% of the human population. The tropism of<br />EBV for B lymphocytes is evidenced in its association with many lymphoproliferative disorders. Different types of EBV<br />(EBV-1 and EBV-2), classified on the basis of EBV nuclear antigen-2 (EBNA-2) genotyping, have been reported in<br />benign and malignant pathologies, but there is almost no information about their frequency in the Pakistani population.<br />The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of EBNA-2-based EBV genotypes in lymphoma<br />patients. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue samples obtained from 73<br />EBV-DNA-positive lymphoma patients. The β-globin gene was amplified to assess the presence and quality of cellular<br />DNA from all samples. EBER-1 DNA was detected by PCR to confirm EBV presence in tissue samples. EBNA-1<br />mRNA relative quantification done by quantitative PCR substantiated EBNA-1 mRNA overexpression in 43.8% of<br />EBV-positive cases in comparison to EBV-positive control cell line. EBNA-2 genotyping was done by nested PCR.<br />Among typable samples, EBV-1 was found in 90.7% of samples while EBV-2 was present in 9.3% cases. These results<br />show that EBV-1 was the most prevalent type in the lymphoma population of Pakistan. This epidemiology of EBV in<br />Pakistani lymphoma patients represents an important first step in using EBV for prognosis and monitoring treatment<br />response.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73828_02749381f3ad2af6d43c42a384cc648f.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Spatial Analysis of Esophageal Cancer Mortality in a High-risk Population in China: Consistent Clustering Pattern in 1970-74 and 2011-13316131667664910.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3161ENKouKouFaculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.XiaoleiGuoShandong Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.PeterBaadeCancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.ZilongLuShandong Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.ZhentaoFuShandong Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.JieChuShandong Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.AiqiangXuShandong Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.JiandongSunFaculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.Journal Article20180312Purpose: Almost half of the global esophageal cancer (EC) deaths occurred in China. This study aims to examine<br />the geographic spread of EC mortality in two periods in a large Chinese population. Methods: Age-standardized<br />mortality rates (ASMRs) for 140 county-level units in Shandong Province during the periods 1970-74 and 2011-13<br />were derived using data from the First National Cause-of-Death Survey and the Shandong Death Registration System,<br />respectively. ASMRs were smoothed using Area-to-Area Poisson kriging technique. Spatial scan statistics were used to<br />detect spatial clusters with higher EC mortality and clusters with greater temporal changes in EC mortality. Results:<br />The provincial average ASMR decreased from 13.0 per 100,000 in 1970-74 to 5.8 in 2010-13. Almost all counties or<br />districts have experienced a decrease in EC mortality, while the reduction was particularly pronounced in the mid-west<br />region. This study has identified a geographical cluster with much higher EC mortality rates and the clustering pattern<br />has largely unchanged over the past 40 years. Residents living in the cluster during 1970-74 were 2.7 (95% CI: 2.2-3.4)<br />times more likely to die from EC than the rest of the province. The corresponding risk ratio for the 2011-13 cluster was<br />3.7 (95% CI: 2.8-5.0). Conclusions: This study detected a geographically defined subpopulation in Shandong, China<br />with much higher risk of dying from EC. This spatial pattern has been consistent over the past few decades. The results<br />suggest the key drives for geographic variations in esophageal cancer may not have changed.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76649_7cbf5dc204847cff4211459ff173dab0.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Molecular Subtypes and Prognostic Factors among Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Thai Women with Invasive Breast Cancer: 15 Years Follow-up Data316731746480210.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3167ENSopitTubtimhinDoctor of Public Health Program, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.0000-0002-3436-0501SupanneePromthetDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.ASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.0000-0001-5787-1948KrittikaSuwanrungruangASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Cancer Unit, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.PongsatornSupaattagornUbon Ratchathani Cancer Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand.Journal Article20180315Background and Purpose: This study focused on molecular subtypes and prognostic factors for survival of preand<br />post-menopausal breast cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on 523 patients<br />with invasive carcinoma of the breast treated at Ubon Ratchathani Cancer Hospital,Thailand from 2002 to 2016.<br />Patient characteristics were collected based on a systematic chart audit from medical records. Prognostic factors were<br />performed by observe survival analysis. A Cox regression model was used to calculate hazard ratios of death, taking<br />into account the age and menopause status, molecular subtype, stage of disease, histological grade, lymphatic and<br />vascular invasion, resection margin, hormone receptor expression, and treatment modality. Results: The median time<br />from the diagnosis of invasive breast cancer to the last follow-up or death was 10.2 [95% CI = 9.28-11.95] years in<br />premenopausal women, and 7.4 [95% CI = 6.48-8.44] years in postmenopausal cases. The overall survival estimates<br />at 5 and 10 years for younger woman of 71.2% and 51.8% respectively, appeared slightly better than the 68.3% and<br />40.9% for postmenopausal women [HRadj = 1.27, 95% CI =0.99-1.63]. In the multivariate analysis, 3 prognostic<br />indicators significantly predicted a worse overall survival in premenopausal patients, triple negative subtype [HRadj =<br />6.03, 95% CI = 1.94-18.74], HER2-enriched status [HRadj = 4.11, 95% CI = 1.59-10.65] and stage III [HRadj = 2.73,<br />95% CI = 1.10-6.79]. Statistically significant increased risk of death in postmenopausal patients was noted for only<br />chemotherapy after mastectomy [HRadj = 8.76, 95% CI = 2.88-26.61], and for a Luminal B status [HRadj = 3.55, 95%<br />CI = 1.47-8.53]. Conclusion: Postmenopausal women with invasive breast cancer experience a significantly shorter<br />survival than do their premenopausal counterparts. The predictors of worse overall survival were molecular subtype,<br />stage of disease and type of treatment administered.https://journal.waocp.org/article_64802_35ff6b92ab2613cb3f6becb45da8be45.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Oxidants-Antioxidants Profile in the Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7317531787665010.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3175ENIsnainiIsnainiDepartement of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.0000-0003-3006-1202NurPermatasariDepartement of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.KaryonoMintaroemDepartement Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.BungaPrihardinaBiomedical Central Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya
University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.M ArisWidodoDepartement of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia.Journal Article20180405Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have various biological effects and they are non-linear in characteristic. In high oxidative<br />stress, they may cause cytotoxicity, inhibit cell proliferation, and induce cell death in the form of apoptosis/necrosis;<br />while in low or medium oxidative stress, ROS may cause DNA damage, cell mutation, inflammation, cell proliferation,<br />and eventually they may induce carcinogenesis. Antioxidants are compounds with the ability to reduce ROS. Cell line<br />MCF-7 is one of the breast cancer cell lines that is known to have small amount of antioxidant MnSOD compared to the<br />other cell lines. Low antioxidant MnSOD level in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 leads to low concentration of hydrogen<br />peroxide, because antioxidant MnSOD will convert radical superoxide to hydrogen peroxide. The aim of this research<br />was to analyze oxidants and antioxidants profile in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and their relationship with cell number.<br />Observations were conducted for 5 days. The cell number was counted with tryphan blue method and haematometer.<br />The concentration of radical superoxide was measured with DHE staining using LSCM tipe Olympus Fluoview FV<br />1000-Ver 1.7. MnSOD activity, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and catalase activity were measured with ELISA.<br />The results showed that the longer of observation, the greater concentration of oxidants and MnSOD activity, but there<br />was no change in catalase activity. Conclusion the increase in cancer cells number is influenced by radical superoxide.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76650_3c49c96a146f62bb9c63ede8aed637ce.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Evaluation Knowledge, Attitude, and Behaviour for Breast Cancer among Young Women Living in Two Different Habitats of Turkey317931857663410.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3179ENMuhammed ZübeyrÜçüncüFlorence Nightingale Surgery Department, Istanbul, Türkiye.Istanbul Gelisim University, Türkiye.0000-0003-4638-1059Merve MügeÜçüncüOrtakoy Beltas Family Health Center, İstanbul, Turkey.DilekToprakNamık Kemal University Family Medicine Department, Tekirdağ, Türkiye.Journal Article20180406Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in Turkey and worldwide,<br />and is ranked as the second-leading cause of death in women after lung cancer. Early diagnosis of breast cancer is<br />possible, and breast cancer is included in cancer-screening programs in Turkey. The aim of this study was to evaluate<br />the knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of young women (older than 20 years of age) on breast self-examination and<br />breast cancer screening methods, and to determine the effect of sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: A total<br />of 489 patients were included in the study. The mean age of participants was 36.53 ± 11.22 years. 346 (70.8%) of the<br />participants were married. The study was a cross-sectional, non-randomized study in public health. The participants in<br />this study were women over 20 years old, who presented to Arnavutkoy State Hospital General surgery policlinic and<br />Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Family Medicine policlinic. Results: The rate and duration of breastfeeding were higher among<br />participants living in rural areas than those living in urban areas (p<0.001) The awareness of breast cancer increased as<br />the level of education increased (p<0.001). Having a family history of a high incidence of breast cancer significantly<br />increased the rate of breast self examination practice by 1.93 fold (p=0.016). Conclusion: Breast Cancer is a disease<br />that can be treated 100 % with early diagnosis. Primary care physicians especially works in lower socioeconomic<br />conditions have to tell the importance of early diagnosis of breast cancer, and properly explain breast self examination<br />and other screening tools.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76634_e30bfcc9c3115ad9e049fe3ce37489be.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101CD56 and CD11b Positivity with Low Smac/DIABLO Expression as Predictors of Chemoresistance in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: Flow Cytometric Analysis318731927391710.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3187ENAbeerIbrahimDepartment of Medical Oncology and Haematological Malignancies, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Egypt.0000-0001-7325-5264Asmaa MZahranDepartment of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Egypt.Sanaa ShakerAlyDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.AhmedRefaatDepartment of Medical Oncology and Haematological Malignancies, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Egypt.Mohammed HHassanDepartment of Medical Biochemistry-Faculty of Medicine- South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.0000-0003-2698-9438Journal Article20180426Background: Resistance to chemotherapy is a major obstacle to curing acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), and<br />several antigens are claimed to play primary roles in this resistance. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate<br />the roles of CD56, CD11b and Smac/DIABLO gene expression levels as prognostic markers of the clinical outcome,<br />response to chemotherapy and survival of AML patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational<br />study was conducted on 60 naïve-AML patients who received induction therapy with mitoxantrone and cytarabine<br />combined with a high dose of cytarabine. The CD56,CD11b and Smac/DIABLO expression levels were assessed using<br />flow cytometry at diagnosis and were analysed for correlation with the possible associated risk factors, response to<br />chemotherapy, and median duration of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: The overall results<br />revealed that AML patients who exhibited positive expression for CD56 and CD11b had short median durations of DFS<br />and OS.(P = 0.019, 0.006, 0.029 and 0.024, respectively). Additionally, low Smac/DIABLO expression had a negative<br />impact on treatment outcome in terms of CR rate (p=0.012) and reduced DFS (p=0.000) and OS(p=0.000) values.<br />Conclusions: CD56 and CD11b positivity and low Smac/DIABLO expression are important predictive factors for<br />the occurrence of chemoresistance, in addition to other risk factors, among AML patients.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73917_dc63d1e90d790a7d3c479ee4dda5bbb1.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Influence of Income on Cancer Incidence and Death among Patients in Aomori, Japan319332027564310.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3193ENRinaTanakaDepartment of Medical Informatics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.MasashiMatsuzakaDepartment of Medical Informatics,
Hirosaki University Hospital, Japan.YoshihiroSasakiDepartment of Medical Informatics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.Department of Medical Informatics,
Hirosaki University Hospital, Japan.Journal Article20180427Background: Aomori Prefecture has experienced the highest cancer-related mortality rates since the 2000s in Japan.<br />In addition, income of residents in Aomori Prefecture is lower than that of a countrywide average. Aims of this study<br />were to examine the relationships of the incidence and mortality rates of common cancers (stomach, colorectal, liver,<br />lung, breast, cervical, and prostate) with the income levels of residential income area and clarify the factors contributing<br />to the high mortality rates in Aomori prefecture.Methods: We included data on all patients diagnosed with stomach,<br />colorectal, liver, lung, breast, cervical, or prostate cancer in the Aomori cancer registry database between 2010 and<br />2012. Age-standardized incidence rates and incidence rate ratios were calculated. Risk of cancer mortality related to<br />economic disparities was determined via multivariable Cox regression analysis and adjusted for age, sex, and stage at<br />diagnosis in the multivariable model. Results: We identified 21,240 eligible cancer patients. There were no differences<br />in AIRs and IRRs among patients with stomach, colorectal, or lung cancer according to income. Contrarily, AIRs and<br />IRRs were higher in higher-income areas than in lower-income areas among patients with breast, cervical, or prostate<br />cancer. There were no significant differences in HRs according to income for any cancer type. Conclusions:Patients<br />with higher income were diagnosed with early-stage disease more frequently, and they had higher AIRs for breast,<br />cervical, and prostate cancers than those with middle and low incomes. However, there were no significant differences<br />in hazard ratios.https://journal.waocp.org/article_75643_8cf587f1c4484bc35741ea7938b5219c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Image Registration based Cervical Cancer Detection and Segmentation Using ANFIS Classifier320332097390910.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3203ENB KarthigaJayaECE, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College, Tamilnadu, India.0000-0001-8009-960XS SenthilKumarEEE, GCE Salem, Tamilnadu, India.Journal Article20180502Cervical cancer is the leading cancer in women around the world. In this paper, Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference<br />System (ANFIS) classifier based cervical cancer detection and segmentation methodology is proposed. This proposed<br />system consists of the following stages as Image Registration, Feature extraction, Classifications and Segmentation.<br />Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is used for image registration. Then, Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Grey<br />level and trinary features are extracted from the registered cervical image. Next, these extracted features are trained<br />and classified using ANFIS classifier. Morphological operations are now applied over the classified cervical image<br />to detect and segment the cancer region in cervical images. Simulations on large cervical image dataset demonstrate<br />that the proposed cervical cancer detection and segmentation methodology outperforms the state of-the-art methods in<br />terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73909_87397817c8a98dcad654c7f39cbb1d8b.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Campylobacter Concisus and Its Effect on the Expression of CDX1 and COX2321132167376910.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3211ENBehroozMozaffari NaminDepartment of Microbiology of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus (TUMS-IC), Tehran, Iran.Microbiology and Gut Biology Group, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital Medical School, Dundee, UK.Mohammad MehdiSoltan DallalDivision of Food Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-4900-945Journal Article20180506Background: Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) is a pre-malignant condition in which normal squamous epithelium of the<br />lower oesophagus and gastresophageal junction is replaced by columnar cells and progress to oesophageal adenocarcinoma.<br />The increase burden of oesophagus cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide make study of factors involved in the<br />pathogenesis of BO essential. However, most of studies that examine the environmental risk factors associated with<br />increased incidence and prevalence of BO have largely ignored the potential role of bacteria in disease aetiology.<br />Aims: This study examined the role of Campylobacter concisus isolated from Barrett’s and adenocarcinoma<br />patient samples as one of possible environmental factors in the progression of Barrett’s oesophagus to oesophagus<br />adenocarcinoma. Methods: We focused on the effect of C. concisus on the expression caudal type homeobox 1 gene<br />(CDX1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in three BO cell lines using quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, the<br />attachment and invasion characteristics of C. concisus were also tested. Results: Results showed that C. concisus had a<br />strong attachment to the cell lines and induce the expression of CDX1 in Barrett’s cell lines in a time-dependent manner.<br />Conclusion: Findings indicate that C. concisus could be as a new challenge in the progression of BO to adenocarcinoma.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73769_4e3dc53d240fa53c9143cee9095e67cd.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Preventive Effects of Fermented Brown Rice and Rice Bran on Spontaneous Lymphomagenesis in AKR/NSlc Female Mice321732237390510.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3217ENToshiyaKunoDepartment of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Nagoya, Japan.HiroyukiKatoDepartment of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Nagoya, Japan.AyaNaiki-ItoDepartment of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Nagoya, Japan.ShugoSuzukiDepartment of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Nagoya, Japan.TakujiTanakaDivision of Diagnostic Pathology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, 7-1 Kashima-cho, 7-1, Gifu, Japan.0000-0002-1428-1582SatoruTakahashiDepartment of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Nagoya, Japan.HidekiMoriEmeritus Professor of Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan.Journal Article20180523Fermented brown rice and rice bran with Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA) is known to possess potentials to prevent<br />chemical carcinogenesis in multiple organs of rodents. In the present study, possible chemopreventive effect of FBRA<br />against spontaneous occurrence of lymphomas was examined using female AKR/NSlc mice. Four-week-old female AKR/<br />NSlc mice were divided into three groups, and fed diets containing FBRA for 26 weeks at a dose level 0% (Group 1), 5%<br />(Group 2) or 10% (Group 3). At the termination of experiment, the incidence of thymic malignant lymphoma of Group<br />3 was significantly lower than of Group 1 (p < 0.05). The average number of apoptotic cells of the thymic lymphoma of<br />Group 3 was significantly larger than that of Group 1 (p < 0.05). In addition, the incidences of malignant lymphoma<br />arising from body surface and abdominal lymph nodes, and the frequencies of lymphoma cell invasion to liver, kidney,<br />spleen, and ovary of Group 3 were relatively lower than those of Group 1. These results indicate that FBRA inhibits<br />spontaneous development of the lymphoma in female AKR/NSc mice and the inhibition of lymphomagenesis may<br />relate to the induction of apoptosis by exposure of FBRA, suggesting that FBRA could be a protective agent against<br />development of human lymphoma.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73905_e50fade016c673e2e44176086bc5fad4.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism is Associated with Breast Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis322532317391510.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3225ENMansourMoghimiDepartment of Pathology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.SaeedKargarDepartment of Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranMohammad AliJafariDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.HosseinAhrarDepartment of Radiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.Mohammad HosseinJarahzadehDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.HosseinNeamatzadehDepartment of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.JalalSadeghizadeh-YazdiNutrition and Food Security Research Center,
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.Journal Article20180521Background: A number of case-control studies were conducted to investigate the association of angiotensin<br />converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphism with breast cancer. But the results remain controversial.<br />This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with breast cancer.<br />Method: A comprehensive literature search on PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS and ISI Web of Knowledge<br />databases for studies published up to June 01, 2018 was performed. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence<br />intervals (CI) were estimated. Publication bias of literatures was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results:<br />A total of 20 studies including 2846 breast cancer cases 9299 controls meeting the predefined criteria were involved in<br />the meta-analysis. Overall, the ACE I/D polymorphisms was significantly associated with breast cancer under the allele<br />model (I vs. D: OR= 0.803, 95% CI 0.647-0.996, p=0.046), the homozygote model (II vs. DD: OR= 0.662, 95% CI<br />0.462-0.947, p=0.024), the heterozygote model (ID vs. DD: OR= 0.707, 95% CI 0.528-0.946, p=0.020), the dominant<br />model (II+ID vs. DD: OR= 0.691, 95% CI 0.507-0.941, p=0.019). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, a significant<br />association was found among Asian and Caucasian populations, but not among mixed populations. Conclusions: This<br />meta-analysis suggests that ACE I/D polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of breast cancer, especially<br />among Asian and Caucasians. However, well-designed studies with larger sample size and more ethnic groups are<br />needed to further validate the results.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73915_4d6acb1d554243a09c920ece6856646d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Clinicopathological Features and Survival Data of Localized Renal Masses in Young Adults323332367049710.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3233ENRahmiAslanDepartment of Urology, Medical Faculty, Yuzunci Yıl University, Van, Turkey.KeremTakenDepartment of Urology, Medical Faculty, Yuzunci Yıl University, Van, Turkey.RecepEryılmazDepartment of Urology, Medical Faculty, Yuzunci Yıl University, Van, Turkey.Journal Article20180523Purpose: Renal tumors are rarely seen in young adults. In this study, was aimed to report the data of 18-40 years old<br />patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) whom we operated. Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed<br />the data of patients between the ages of 18 and 40 years old patients who have renal masses. All patients were evaluated<br />with chest X-ray, Computed tomography (CT) and/or MRI. Radical or partial nephrectomy was performed for clinical<br />localized masses with malignancy suspicion. Clinicopathological features and survival data of all the patients were<br />recorded. In the follow-up protocol routine blood tests, chest X-ray and abdominal CT were used. Results: A total of<br />42 patients, [22 (52.4%) male and 20 (47.6%) female], with a mean age of 34.48 (range 18 to 40) were included in the<br />study. Of these, 32 (%76) had RCC and 10 (24%) had benign pathologies. Female patients had more benign pathology<br />(35% vs 13.6%). The most commonly subtype of RCC (n = 22% 69) was clear cell RCC (cRCC), while the most<br />common benign mass was oncocytoma (n = 4% 40). At the mean follow-up period of 42.34 months, overall survival rate<br />was found to be 93.8%. Conclusion: Young adults with localized renal mass have benign pathology in a considerable<br />rate. All of the malign masses in this population have low Furhman grade (1 or 2).https://journal.waocp.org/article_70497_403749dc1f9eddd1257cc119283f9301.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Expression of Metallothionein after Administration of Aspirin, Vitamin C or Zinc Supplement in the DMH Induced Colon Carcinoma in Rat323732447391810.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3237ENPamelaChristudossDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.GeetaChackoDepartment of Neuropathology, Christian Medical College,Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.RatnasamySelvakumarDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.Jude JFlemingDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.SrinivasanPugazhendhiDepartment of G.I. Sciences,Christian Medical College Vellore,Tamil Nadu, India.GeorgeMathewDepartment of General Surgery, Christian Medical College,Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.Journal Article20180523Background: Chemoprevention refers to the use of specificnatural or synthetic chemical agents to suppress the<br />development and progression to carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of aspirin, vitamin C<br />or zinc on the metallothionein (MT) mRNA gene expression as well as MT protein content byimmunohistochemistry<br />andradioimmunoassay (RIA) in 1, 2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) induced cancerous colonic tissuein rats. Methods:<br />Rats were randomly divided into three groups, group 1 (aspirin), group 2 (vitamin C) group 3 (zinc), each of which<br />was further sub divided into two groups and given subcutaneous injections of DMH (30 mg/kg body weight) twice a<br />week for 3 months and sacrificed at either 4 months (A-precancer model) or at 6 months (B-cancer model).The control<br />groups were administered 0.5 ml saline subcutaneously. All the 3 groups were simultaneouslyadministered aspirin,<br />vitamin Cor zinc supplement respectively from the beginning till the end of the study. Results: It was observed that<br />rats co-treated with aspirin, vitamin C or zinc resulted in a significant increase in the colonic MT mRNA expression in<br />the precancer and cancer model as compared to the saline only controls. MT protein expression showed a 60%, 64%<br />and 78% immunopositivity in the co-treated groups respectively.The mean MT content in the precancer and the cancer<br />model was restored to near normal levels in all the three co-treated groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that<br />co-administration of aspirin, vitamin C or zinc resulted in a significant increase in MT mRNA gene expression, MT<br />protein expression and MT protein content which could possibly be one of the reasons for a chemo protective effect<br />against progression to colonic cancer in a chemically induced DMH model in rat.Zinc supplement had a greater effect<br />on metallothionein expression than aspirin or vitamin C.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73918_53545368578583163935745ed8bcec6c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Age-Dependent Differential Expression of Apoptotic Markers in Rat Oral Mucosa324532507390610.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3245ENWael YoussefEliasOral Diagnostic Science Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20180606Objective: This study tests the hypothesis that gingival tissue produces age-dependent activation of apoptotic<br />markers. Methods: To address the hypothesis, a prospective experimental study was conducted on 20 adult male<br />albino rats, which were divided into two groups. Group 1 comprised rats aged six months (weighing 150–200 g), and<br />group 2 included old rats aged one year (weighing 250–300 g). Gingival tissue and buccal mucosa biopsy samples<br />were obtained from both groups. Histological and immunohistochemical (Bax apoptotic protein marker) sections were<br />analyzed for both groups. Results: Our data showed a significant decrease in the proliferative activity of oral mucosa<br />(gingiva and buccal mucosa) in old rats and an increase in the immunoreactivity of Bax apoptotic proteins related to<br />increased susceptibility of cells to apoptosis. The mucosal structures (epithelium and lamina propria) were significantly<br />different between the two groups. Furthermore, immunoreactivity for Bax was different between young and old rats.<br />Conclusions: Aging is associated with changes that lead to progressive, irreversible deterioration of the functional<br />capacities of several tissues and organs. Our study demonstrated the effect of age on the histological and apoptotic<br />behavior of oral mucosa (gingiva and buccal mucosa) cells.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73906_f5ec0f2dfb38edcb4b1e0f6cf75a6d63.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Marked Inhibition of Cellular Proliferation in the Normal Human Esophageal Epithelial Cells and Human Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells in Culture by Carotenoids: Role for Prevention and Early Treatment of Esophageal Cancer325132567663010.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3251ENSudhirDuttaDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Baltimore, USA.Balarama KrishnaSurapaneniAventura hospital and Medical Center, Research Fellow at Sinai
Hospital Baltimore, Baltimore, USA.AgamBansalMBBS AIIMS Bhopal, Baltimore, USA.Journal Article20180609Background: Globally Esophageal cancer is a common cancer arising from human esophageal mucosal tissue.<br />Epidemiological studies suggest inverse correlation between carotenoid intake and incident risk of this devastating<br />malignancy. Methods: In an effort to examine the modulatory role of carotenoids in human esophageal carcinogenesis<br />at a cellular level, we examined the effects of α-carotene and β-carotenes, on cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in<br />human esophageal epithelial (HEE) cells and human esophageal squamous cancer (HESC) cells in in-vitro cultures.<br />HEE and HESC cells were incubated with different concentrations of α- and β-carotenes both individually and in<br />combination. Results: Both Carotenes significantly inhibited (p<0.05) cellular proliferation and decreased DNA<br />synthesis in HEE and HESC cells. The effect of α- and β-carotene together on DNA synthesis in HEE and HESC cells<br />was significantly greater than either carotenoid alone, suggesting a synergistic effect. Greater magnitude of cellular<br />inhibition of DNA synthesis was observed on HEE cells than HESC cells. Conclusion: Our results suggest that a<br />combination of α-and β-carotene may provide a novel strategy for prevention and treatment of esophageal and upper<br />aero digestive tract cancer in humans.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76630_a9181efac083b72817b17cf2ebf2468a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101MRI Brain Tumour Segmentation Using Hybrid Clustering and Classification by Back Propagation Algorithm325732637564710.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3257ENMalathiMDepartment of Electronics and Instrumentation, Saveetha Engineering College, Chennai, India.0000-0002 1748-1280SinthiaPDepartment of Electronics and Instrumentation, Saveetha Engineering College, Chennai, India.0000-0001-8040-6710Journal Article20180614Generally the segmentation refers, the partitioning of an image into smaller regions to identify or locate the region of<br />abnormality. Even though image segmentation is the challenging task in medical applications, due to contrary image,<br />local observations of an image, noise image, non uniform texture of the images and so on. Many techniques are available<br />for image segmentation, but still it requires to introduce an efficient, fast medical image segmentation methods. This<br />research article introduces an efficient image segmentation method based on K means clustering integrated with<br />a spatial Fuzzy C means clustering algorithms. The suggested technique combines the advantages of the two methods.<br />K means segmentation requires minimum computation time, but spatial Fuzzy C means provides high accuracy for<br />image segmentation. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated in terms of accuracy, PSNR and processing<br />time. It also provides good implementation results for MRI brain image segmentation with high accuracy and minimal<br />execution time. After completing the segmentation the of abnormal part of the input MRI brain image, it is compulsory<br />to classify the image is normal or abnormal. There are many classifiers like a self organizing map, Back propagation<br />algorithm, support vector machine etc., The algorithm helps to classify the abnormalities like benign or malignant brain<br />tumour in case of MRI brain image. The abnormality is detected based on the extracted features from an input image.<br />Discrete wavelet transform helps to find the hidden information from the MRI brain image. The extracted features are<br />trained by Back Propagation Algorithm to classify the abnormalities of MRI brain image.https://journal.waocp.org/article_75647_664ffbe533ee06b824746e8b3105eb36.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101A Comparative Study of Two Chemo-radiation Regimens for the Cancer of Larynx326532707649010.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3265ENSharadSinghDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Super speciality Cancer Institute, Lucknow, India.S NPrasadDepartment of Radiation Oncology, J.K Cancer Institute, Kanpur, India.MangeshKordeDepartment of Radiation Oncology, J.K Cancer Institute, Kanpur, India.SunnyKumarDepartment of Radiation Oncology, J.K Cancer Institute, Kanpur, India.AdityaElhenceDepartment of Radiation Oncology, J.K Cancer Institute, Kanpur, India.VaibhavShakyaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, J.K Cancer Institute, Kanpur, India.Journal Article20180623The region of head and neck is critical for respiration, nutrition, and speech. The management of laryngeal tumours<br />can stimulate mutilations and cosmetic deformities and worsen the life. A “non-operative approach” is preferred for<br />patients to whom radiation following surgery, possibly, will direct severe functional destruction predominantly in<br />advanced stage patients having a bulk of carcinoma larynx. The case material for the study was selected from the<br />cross-section of patients registered at the J. K. Cancer Institute, Kanpur. Histologically squamous cell carcinoma 64<br />patients were registered and equally and randomly placed into Arm I and Arm II. “Arm I” patients and “Arm II” was<br />comprised of randomly selected 64 patients, having histopathologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.<br />All patients (32 patients) belonging to “Arm I” received concurrent chemoradiotherapy of Inj. Cisplatin 100 mg/m2<br />for three-weekly underwent EBRT with 60 Co/LINAC and photon radiation of 70 Gy in 35 fractions for 7 weeks<br />(2 parallel opposed fields). All the patients (32 patients) belongs to “Arm II” received chemo boost as Inj. Cisplatin 6<br />mg/m2 on last 15 fractions of treatment underwent EBRT with 60 Co/ LINAC photon radiation of 70 Gy in 35 fractions<br />for 7 weeks. Radiotherapy was delivered in supine position by parallel opposing fields including the primary tumour,<br />disease extension, and neck nodes. The study concluded that the loco-regional responses are analogous in Arm I and<br />Arm 2, however Arm II had additional treatment allied toxicities and resulting from numerous of treatment breaks.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76490_b7a20f5d91eb9c71c3fb23e2ec0f8be6.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Factors Associated with Breast Cancer Screening among Korean American Women in California: Results from the California Health Interview Survey 2015–2016327132777663110.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3271ENShin-YoungLeeDepartment of Nursing at Chosun University 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.EuniceLeeSchool of Nursing,
University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.BulapornNatipagon-ShahSchool of Nursing, California State University, San Marcos, USA.JoyToyamaSchool of Nursing,
University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.Journal Article20180624Background: Few studies have examined preventive lifestyle behaviors and breast cancer (BC) screening behaviors<br />simultaneously to determine whether BC screening behaviors are associated with preventive lifestyle behaviors. The<br />purposes of this study are to (a) describe BC screening utilization and preventive lifestyle behaviors and (b) examine<br />factors associated with BC utilization among Korean American (KA) women. Methods: Data from the 2015–2016<br />California Health Interview Survey were analyzed. Survey-weighted adjusted logistic regressions were used to determine<br />whether preventive lifestyle behaviors and characteristics of KA women 50 years of age and older at the time of the<br />survey were associated with obtaining mammograms. Results: Most participants were born outside of the US and<br />had lived in the US for 15 years or more at the time of the survey. This study found that KA women who were 50–64<br />years old had 38 times greater odds of having ever had a mammogram and a 13 times greater odds of having a recent<br />mammogram than those 65 and older. KA women who walked at least 10 minutes per week for transportation and leisure<br />purposed were 61 times more likely to have ever had a mammogram than those who did not walk. Conclusion: This<br />study provides important perspectives on associations of BC screening behaviors and preventive life-style behaviors,<br />especially walking. Future research should be conducted to better understand the association between BC screening<br />and preventive life-style behaviors and to develop feasible interventions to improve BC screening behaviors among<br />KA women, particularly elderly and physically inactive ones.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76631_00cc90b9410afe8571eab4952da2284e.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Ki-67 Prognostic Value in Different Histological Grades of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma327932867665110.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3279ENAmerTakkemDepartment of Oral Histology and Pathology, University of Damascus,Damascus, Syria.CharifBarakatDepartment of Oral Histology and Pathology, University of Damascus,Damascus, Syria.SafaZakareaDepartment of Oral Histology and Pathology, University of Damascus,Damascus, Syria.KhaledZaidDepartment of Oral Histology and Pathology, University of Damascus,Damascus, Syria.0000-0003-1034-4061JohnnyNajmehDepartment of Periodontology, University of Damascus,Damascus, Syria.MahdiAyoubDESS Dental Public Health, Lebanese University, Beirut , Lebanon.Mohammad YamanSeirawanDepartment of Endodontics and Operative
Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria.Journal Article20180630Introduction: Abnormal cell proliferation appears to be a possible predictor of tumorigenesis, Ki-67 protein<br />expression is closely related to the cell proliferation and could be used as a biomarker for the growth in the most of<br />human tumors. The aim of the study: Investigating of Ki-67 expression in the pathological grades of oral epithelial<br />dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinomas. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 30 formalin-fixed,<br />paraffin-embedded specimens of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED), 30 other of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), and<br />10 normal oral epithelium (NOE) were conventionally stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically<br />stained with Ki-67 monoclonal antibody. Results: Expression of Ki-67 was restricted to the basal layers in the normal<br />oral epithelium whereas Ki-67 positive cells in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) were located in the basal, suprabasal<br />and spinous layers, Ki-67 expression was increased in high-risk cases. Ki-67 positive cells in well-differentiated<br />(OSCC) were located mainly in the periphery of the tumor nests, in moderately-differentiated (OSCC) were located<br />in both peripheral and part of a center of the tumor nests whereas it was diffused in most of the Poorly-differentiated<br />(OSCC). Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between the expression in (OED) and (NOE), (OSCC)<br />and (NOE), and no differences between (OED) and (OSCC). Conclusion: This study has concluded that Ki-67 antigen<br />could be used as a marker for the histological grading of OED and OSCC, Expression of Ki 67 increased according to<br />the severity of oral epithelial dysplasia.https://journal.waocp.org/article_76651_e8d8bdfc8310aec6b7703fabf17d7444.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Promotes Proliferation, Migration and Stemness in a Subpopulation of 5FU Treated SW480 Cells: Evidence for Metabolic Plasticity in Colon Cancer328732947382910.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3287ENAzamShakeryDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute,
Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.KatayounPourvaliDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute,
Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ArmanGhorbaniDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute,
Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.SamiraSadat FereidaniDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute,
Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.HamidZandDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute,
Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-7278-9125Journal Article20180708Background: Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) as a ketone body is the metabolic fuel in oxidative phosphorylation<br />pathway. So far the effects of BHB on the biology of tumor cells is contradictory. Therefore, we investigated the effect of<br />BHB on viability, metabolism, proliferation and migration of 5FU treated SW480 colon cancer cell line. Methods: we<br />treated the SW480 cells with IC50 dose of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) for 72 h to isolate a subpopulation of 5FU treated cells<br />that were resistant to it. Effects of BHB on cell viability was investigated by MTT assay. Measurement of oxygen<br />consumption rate (OCR) in parallel with extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) upon BHB treatment was used for<br />determination of metabolic profile of these cells. Investigating the relationship between metabolic phenotype and<br />the status of differentiation and stemness was done by analyzing the expression of PGC-1α, c-MYC, NANOG, ALPi<br />and KRT20 genes by qRT-PCR. Clonogenic and scratch assay were performed to determine the proliferation and<br />migration abilities of incubated with BHB compared to untreated cells. Results: BHB increased cell viability in SW480<br />and 5FU treated SW480 cells. The results showed a significantly decreased ECAR and increased OCR in both cell<br />types following BHB treatment reflecting the superiority of oxidative phosphorylation profile compared to glycolysis<br />in both cell types. Also, treatment with BHB increases the expression of genes normally associated with stemness<br />and mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the expression of genes related to glycolytic program and differentiation<br />in 5FU treated cells. Self-renewal and migration potential of BHB treated cells increased significantly. Conclusion:<br />These findings suggest that BHB utilization via oxidative mitochondrial metabolism can fuel proliferation, migration<br />and stemness in 5FU treated SW480 colon cancer cells.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73829_93a14fca42c332e59f656a5064f02a15.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101The Molecular Detection of Human Bocavirus (HBoV) in Colorectal Tissue with Malignant and Non-Malignant Lesions329532997392410.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3295ENMohammad HadiKarbalaie NiyaInstitute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.HosseinAjdarkoshGastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.FahimehSafarnezhad TameshkelGastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.MahshidPanahiGastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.MaryamTabasiDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Iran.BehnazBouzariDepartment of
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Iran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.MahdiAlemrajabiFiroozgar Clinical Research Development Center (FCRDC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.HosseinKeyvaniGastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20180723Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) as a worldwide human health concern is identified being a multifactorial<br />subject that infection with specific viral particles such as oncogenic viruses is research interest. Human bocavirus (HBoV)<br />as a recent isolated virus has been investigated in many respiratory and enteric diseases but rare studies evaluates it in<br />tissue specimens especially in cancerous sections. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of HBoV genome<br />and its genotyping in CRC patient’s tissue and compare the result with matched healthy control group tissue. Method:<br />in this retrospective case-control study, CRC cases were sporadic and non-familial cancerous while control subjects had<br />healthy or non-malignant lesions in colon tissue. A conventional-PCR performed by specific primers for HBoV VP1<br />gene. After sequencing of positive PCR products, raw data used for trimming and alignment by bioinformatics software<br />CLC Main Workbench 5 and MEGA5. SPSS v.22 used for statistical calculations. Result: a total of 157 subjects were<br />participated that 66 were diagnosed as CRC cases and 91 were non-CRC colon tissue as control group that matched by<br />the cases. The mean age (y) ± standard deviation of each case and control groups were 59.35±14.48 and 57.21±14.66,<br />respectively. PCR results showed there were 1.3% (2/157) HBoV positive (of each groups one was positive). Sequencing<br />analysis showed all were HBoV-1 genotype. Conclusion: our study showed there are low rate of HBoV genome in<br />Iranian CRC and non-CRC colon tissue. Furthermore, the predominant genotype in our studied subsets were HBoV-1<br />according to phylogenetic analysis.https://journal.waocp.org/article_73924_c50a9d14059f17ab5a9a1d55d02300d8.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368191120181101Clinical Outcome and Predictive Factors of Variceal Bleeding in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Thailand330133057564910.31557/APJCP.2018.19.11.3301ENJitrapaKerdsuknirunGastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand.VirunpatVilaichonePatumwan Demonstration School, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand.Ratha-KornVilaichoneGastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand.Gastric Cancer and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Pathumthani, Thailand.Department
of Medicine, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine (CICM) at Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.0000-0003-4298-9331Journal Article20180725Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is common cancer in ASEAN. Variceal bleeding (VB) is considered<br />to be fatal complication of cirrhosis with HCC. However, limited studies were reported in ASEAN. Aim of this study<br />was to evaluate overall survival rate and predictors of VB in HCC patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective<br />cohort study of HCC patients aged ≥15 years between January 2012-January 2016 and follow up through June 2016 at<br />Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand. Clinical information and radiologic findings were collected from reviewing<br />computer database of medical records. Results: 333 patients had completely retrievable information. Of which, 27<br />patients (8.1%) had documented with VB. Clinical presentations with weight loss and jaundice were higher in VB than<br />non-VB groups (40.74% vs. 34.64%, p=0.525 and 7.41% vs. 2.29%, p=0.116) but the differences were not significant.<br />The most common causes of cirrhosis in HCC patients with VB were chronic HBV infection (55.56%). In multivariate<br />analysis; presence of ascites, Child-Pugh score>6, presence of varices were independent risk factors of having VB in<br />HCC patients (OR=7.59, 95%CI=1.13-50.88, p=0.037; OR=5.07, 95%CI=1.08-23.76, p=0.039; OR=23.51, 95%CI=4.71-<br />117.35, p<0.001, respectively). In HCC patients with VB, 1-year and 2.5-year survival rates were 56.6% and 28.3%.<br />Conclusions: HCC patients with ascites, Child-Pugh score>6 and presence of varices might be important predictive<br />factors of VB. Having VB were greatly impact to the survival rate of HCC patients. Clinical suspicion and regular<br />surveillance of VB in HCC patients at risk could improve treatment outcomes.https://journal.waocp.org/article_75649_ec0219972caeb3abeec07406486c2daa.pdf