West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Prognostic Significance of Serum Vitamin D Levels in Egyptian Females with Breast Cancer9839838586410.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.983ENHikmatAbdel-RazeqDepartments of Internal Medicine, Section of Hematology and
Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center and School
of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.0000-0003-2833-6051Journal Article20180325I read with great interest the paper published by Ismail et al. in your journal entitled “<em>Prognostic significance of serum vitamin d levels in Egyptian females with breast cancer</em>” (Ismail et al., 2018). While I really thank the authors for addressing a very controversial and challenging topic, I have few points to address. The association, or the link, between vitamin-D deficiency and cancer in general, breast in particular, is old and controversial, at best! Several studies had linked Vitamin-D deficiency with increasing risk of having breast cancer (Crew KD et al., 2009), worse pathological features (Peppone L J et al., 2012) advanced stage at presentation and even poor treatment outcome (Chiba A, et al., 2017). Additionally, several studies had supported the vitamin D-cancer prevention hypothesis. (Grant WB, 2018). However, many of such studies suffered methodology problems! Vitamin-D deficiency and breast cancer are both very common and such association may happen. Though many studies described a correlation between Vitamin-D concentration and disease stage; researchers questioned such association. Authors of one study (Jacobs ET, et al., 2016) cited by the authors, concluded that "though their study confirmed previous work regarding the correlates of vitamin-D concentrations, it does not provide support for an association between vitamin D status and breast cancer stage”. In this study, 50 women with primary invasive, non-metastatic breast cancer were tested for vitamin-D level at diagnosis, before any cancer treatment. Fifteen (30.0%) patients were found to be vitamin-D deficient. All patients were followed up for a median of 30 months. It is hard to believe that a study that involved only 50 patients with only 15 of them had vitamin-D deficiency, recruited over a period of 4 years in one of the busiest national cancer centers with a median follow up of only 30 months can jump to such major conclusions.<br /> Reviewing the data presented in Table-2 of the current study, in a different way than presented, clearly shows major differences between both study groups (attached table). Compared to those with normal vitamin-D level, deficient patients had larger tumor size (46.7% vs. 2.9%), more advanced-stage disease at presentation ( 53.3% vs. 2.9%), had tumors with higher grade (33.3% vs. 2.9%), hormone-receptor negative (73.3% vs. 51.4%) and HER-2 positive ( 86.7% vs. 40.0%). All these pathological features are well-established poor prognostic features and associated with poor disease-free and overall survival. It is also difficult to assume that low vitamin-D levels in a very small number of patients (n= 15) was the reason behind all such poor prognostic features. The multivariate analysis presented in the study showed that progesterone receptor status was the only factor independently affecting overall survival. Additionally, authors found out that stage II had worse survival compared to stage I with HR 4.8 (p = 0.042) while stage III compared to stage I had HR of 1.7 (p = 0.577). Such findings raised many questions about the validity of the final conclusions. As such, I believe that the conclusions made by the authors that vitamin D deficiency had a negative effect on overall and disease-free survival in their 15 vitamin-D deficient breast cancer patients is not supported and should not be stated based on this study. Given the huge amount of literature on this topic, I really doubt that a large prospective study can be carried out to further address this issue.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85864_af900242cf65751013e0172bb7e5cc93.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Toxoplasmosis in Cancer Patients and Suggestion for Screening9859868685710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.985ENBeuyJoobSanitation 1 Medical Academic Center, Bangkok, Thailand.VirojWiwanitkitHonorary professor, dr DY Patil University, Pune,
India.Journal Article20180817https://journal.waocp.org/article_86857_926a636e60f9e90dc36b0b297d24775a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Small Centers with Big Ventures: Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Survival Data9879908571710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.987ENMuhammad BilalAbidDepartment of Haematology, Great Western Hospitals NHS Trust, Swindon, UK.Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.Department of Haematology, University Hospitals of Bristol NHS Trust, UK.0000-0002-1128-0445MustafaMughalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan.RanjeetBabbraDepartment of Haematology, Great Western Hospitals NHS Trust, Swindon, UK.Muhammad AbbasAbidDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.NorbertBlesingDepartment of Haematology, Great Western Hospitals NHS Trust, Swindon, UK.SaiyedAnwerDepartment of Haematology, Great Western Hospitals NHS Trust, Swindon, UK.Journal Article20171218We present the first-ever autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) outcome data from a secondary-care<br />healthcare facility. Albeit exact details of patient and disease characteristics and co-morbidity scores for all patients<br />are not available, the engraftment and survival data is very similar to those published from large tertiary-care cancer<br />centres, both regionally and internationally. Transplant Related Mortality (TRM) of 3.1% is within the expected range<br />and includes a patient who died of acute drug reaction (ADR) during conditioning chemotherapy, prior to the ASCT.<br />Furthermore, cyclophosphamide mobilization chemotherapy is given in the outpatient setting. This study is important in<br />terms of healthcare resource optimization as well as patients’ convenience and highlights that ASCT can be performed<br />in a safe and effective manner with comparable survival rates even at a DGH, provided the centre stays abreast with<br />the recent developments and can offer its patients with standard of care treatment of the era.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85717_824534d2592eff0b4cfc4bebc20cf0b1.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Availability of Essential Medicines for Pediatric Oncology in Armenia9919948586710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.991ENTamaraSimonyanAmerican University of Armenia, School of Public Health, Yerevan, Armenia.RuzannaPapyanYerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.Armenian Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group, Yerevan, Armenia.0000-0003-1949-6280SamvelDanielyanArmenian Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group, Yerevan, Armenia.Hematology Center, Yerevan, Armenia.0000-0002-0337-3174LilitSargsyanYerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.Armenian Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group, Yerevan, Armenia.0000-0002-5516-7655VarduhiGrigoryanMinistry of Health of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia.HakobTopchyanScientific Center of Drug and Medical Technology Expertise, Yerevan, Armenia.ArpinaAzaryanScientific Center of Drug and Medical Technology Expertise, Yerevan, Armenia.ArmenTananyanYerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.National Center of Oncology, Yerevan, Armenia.0000-0002-4842-2769ArmenMuradyanYerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.GevorgTamamyanYerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.Armenian Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Group, Yerevan, Armenia.0000-0002-2740-9215Journal Article20181208Background: One of the main contributors in low survival rate in LMIC is the lack of availability of cancer<br />medications for curative, supportive and palliative care. In many developing countries access to cytotoxic medicine is<br />a major challenge. The information about the availability of essential medicines for pediatric cancer in the country is<br />not known. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the medications used during the treatment of<br />pediatric cancer are available in Armenia. Methods: In summer 2016 we conducted a survey in the 3 main pharmacies<br />in Yerevan, which import pediatric cancer medications to Armenia to evaluate whether medications used during cancer<br />treatment are officially registered and available in the country. In addition, the information on official registration was<br />cross-checked with the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Armenia (MOH). Simultaneously, detailed information<br />about the drugs, on type of produced drug company, doses and price intervals was confined from the price lists of the<br />national drug importer companies. Results: The survey included 64 agents in three classes of medication: anti-neoplastics,<br />anti-microbials, and drugs used in supportive care. All of these medications were included in the recent version of the<br />WHO model list of essential medicines. From 30 anti-neoplastic medications on the essential medicines list 22 (73%)<br />were officially registered in Armenia; from 19 anti-microbial drugs all were registered except caspofungin and from<br />15 supportive care agents 13 (87%) were registered. From registered anti-neoplastic drugs 18% and from antimicrobial<br />drugs 33% were not available in the drug stores. Conclusion: This study showed that not all the drugs from the SIOP<br />PODC Essential Medication list for pediatric oncology are officially registered and available in Armenia, and effective<br />drug regulation focusing on the childhood cancer care medicine is needed for improving the situation in the country.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85867_8427a6405d648589f8e2a109f6df7503.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Wnt Signaling: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma99510038618410.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.995ENZeeshanJavedCenter for Applied Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab,Lahore, Pakistan.HafizMuhammad FarooqInstitute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.MukhtarUllahCenter for Applied Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab,Lahore, Pakistan.MuhammadZaheer IqbalCenter for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab,Lahore, Pakistan.QamarRazaInstitute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.HaleemaSadiaCenter for Applied Molecular Biology, University of The Punjab,Lahore, Pakistan.RaffaelePezzaniOU Endocrinology, Dept. Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, 35128 Padova, Italy.AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, Padova, Italy.BahareSalehiStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.JavadSharifi-RadFood Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.William CChoDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.Journal Article20180720Cellular maintenance and development are two fundamental mechanisms regulated by the canonical Wnt signaling<br />pathway. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway controls a myriad of cellular processes that are essential for normal cell<br />functioning. Cell cycle progression, differentiation, fate determination, and migration are generally orchestrated by<br />canonical Wnt signaling. Altered Wnt/beta-catenin signaling has been considered a promoting event for different types<br />of cancers and the oncogenic potential of Wnt signaling have been discussed in many cancer types, including breast,<br />colon, pancreatic as well as head and neck. Furthermore, Wnt signaling is critical for the maintenance and stemness<br />of both the normal as well as cancer stem cells. This review sheds new light on Wnt signaling and explains how it can<br />regulate normal physiological processes and curtail the development of cancer. It depicts the vital functions of Wnt<br />signaling in the stem cell growth and differentiation by focusing on current druggable targets that have been ascribed<br />by recent studies. Thus, Wnt signaling pathway retains a tremendous potential in eradicating head and neck squamous<br />cell carcinoma.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86184_568dd46d87b93e116a881683bdb275a8.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Association of Delta-6-Desaturase Expression with Aggressiveness of Cancer, Diabetes Mellitus, and Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review100510188237910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1005ENZhilaArshadDepartment of Pathology of Anatomy, School of medicine, Baku University of Medical Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan.SoheilaRezapour-FirouziCellular
and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.MeysamEbrahimifarDepartment of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza
Branch, Shahreza, Iran.AlirezaMosavi-JarrahiDepartment of Social Medicine, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-8043-9221MahshidMohammadianDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Medicine,
Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.Journal Article20180926Background: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ protein kinase B /mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/<br />mTOR) signaling regulates multiple cellular processes and organizes cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation<br />with the available nutrients, in particular, fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are cytotoxic to cancer cells<br />and play a critical role in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and diabetes mellitus (DM). PUFAs are produced in<br />the body by desaturases and elongases from dietary essential fatty acids (EFAs), primarily involving delta-6-desaturase<br />(D6D). D6D is a rate-limiting enzyme for maintaining many aspects of lipid homeostasis and normal health. D6D is<br />important to recognize the mechanisms that regulate the expression of this enzyme in humans. A lower level of D6D was<br />seen in breast tumors compared to normal tissues. Interestingly, the elevated serum level of D6D was seen in MS and<br />DM, which explains the critical role of D6D in inflammatory diseases. Methods: We searched databases of PubMed,<br />Web of Science (WOS), Google Scholar, Scopus and related studies by predefined eligibility criteria. We assessed<br />their quality and extracted data. Results: Regarding the mTOR signaling pathway, there is remarkable contributions of<br />many inflammatory diseases to attention to common metabolic pathways are depicted. Of course, we need to have the<br />insights into each disorder and their pathological process. The first step in balancing the intake of EFAs is to prevent<br />the disruption of metabolism and expression of the D6D enzyme. Conclusions: The ω6 and ω3 pathways are two major<br />pathways in the biosynthesis of PUFAs. In both of these, D6D is a vital bifunctional enzyme desaturating linoleic acid<br />or alpha-linolenic acid. Therefore, if ω6 and ω3 EFAs are given together in a ratio of 2: 1, the D6D expression will be<br />down-regulated and normalized.https://journal.waocp.org/article_82379_3aa67801632f805d7c44a4a26925068e.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Follow-Up of Women with Cervical Cytological Abnormalities: Progression and Regression Events101910248591910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1019ENAniúsca VieiraDos SantosPathology Research Laboratory,Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Giovana TavaresDos SantosPathology Research Laboratory,Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Rosicler LuziaBrackmannLaboratory of Pathology, Santa Casa de Misericórdia of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.João CarlosProllaLaboratory of Pathology, Santa Casa de Misericórdia of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Claudia GiulianoBicaDepartment of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Journal Article20171207Abnormalities in the cervix, when identified early by Pap smear, can be treated in the early stages or in the precursor<br />stages of the neoplasia, which may increase the chances of regression of the lesion. The aim to verify the rate of cervical<br />abnormalities and to evaluate the risk of progression or regression associated with age and cytological diagnosis.<br />Methods: The study was conducted in a referral hospital in Southern Brazil, based on the results of pathology and<br />cytopathology laboratory tests of uterine cervix. The historical cohort included patients with an abnormal cytology<br />diagnosis in the period from January 2010 to December 2014, followed until July 2016. Results: A total of 42,389<br />cervical smears were analyzed, 4,427 of which were eligible for analysis of the evolution of cervical abnormalities. In<br />progression and regression events analysis, we observed that patients with a cytological diagnosis of atypical glandular<br />cells presented a higher risk of cervical abnormality progression (Hazard Ratio: 2.0 and 95% confidence intervals<br />1.36–3.48). We also observed that patients younger than 25 years old were more likely to regress the cervical lesions<br />(Hazard Ratio:1.4 and 95% confidence intervals 1.20–1.74). Conclusions: The associations found between the events<br />(progression and regression), age and cytological diagnosis, highlights the importance of cytological screening in<br />populations at risk of precursor of cervical cancer lesions, especially in women older than 25 years.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85919_ede970c621dad5079020b760197ecb43.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Combination of Preoperative D-Dimer and Platelet Distribution width Predicts Postoperative Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients with Cervical Carcinoma102510298618610.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1025ENNaLiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.Fu-BinZhangDepartment of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang,China.Bing-JieLiDepartment of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.Rui-TaoWangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.Journal Article20171223Background: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is associated with severe morbidity and mortality in cancer. Platelet<br />distribution width (PDW), a platelet index, indicates variation in platelet size. We aimed to investigate whether the<br />combination of D-dimer and PDW could have a better performance in predicting DVT in patients with cervical<br />carcinoma. Materials and Methods: In 198 consecutive cervical carcinoma patients without preoperative DVT,<br />preoperative D-dimer and PDW levels were measured. Compression ultrasonography was performed in all cervical<br />carcinoma patients before surgery, as well as one month, three months, six months, and 12 months. Results: During a<br />median period of 12 months, 17 of the 198 patients (8.6 %) developed DVT. PDW levels were reduced and D-dimer<br />levels were increased in patients with DVT events compared to those without DVT. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed<br />that both PDW and D-dimer were independent predictors for DVT events. The area under the ROC curve was 0.628<br />(95% CI: 0.556 to 0.695, p=0.142) when D-dimer was used alone, whereas it increased to 0.777 (95% CI: 0.712 to<br />0.833, p<0.011) with the addition of PDW. Incorporation of PDW into the D-dimer model significantly improved the<br />predictive value. Conclusions: The combination of preoperative D-dimer and PDW improves the predictive power of<br />postoperative DVT risk in patients with cervical carcinoma.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86186_74203dd6dc7cd0442e9490c0724ba613.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Factors Associated with Development of High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Uterine Cervix in Women Younger than 30 Years103110368592110.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1031ENJongpeetiWudtisanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.CharuwanTantipalakornDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.KittipatCharoenkwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.Rung‐AroonSreshthaputraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.JatupolSrisomboonDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.0000-0003-3416-1710Journal Article20180201Objective: To determine the factors associated with the increased risk of developing high-grade squamous<br />intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) of the uterine cervix in women younger than 30 years compared with those aged ≥ 30<br />years who also had HSIL. Methods: Patients with HSIL who underwent loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)<br />between January 2006 and July 2017 at Chiang Mai University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed<br />the factors associated with the development of HSIL by comparing two age groups between women aged < 30 years<br />and those aged ≥ 30 years. The factors analyzed included the well-recognized risk factors for cervical cancer, i.e. age<br />at sexual debut, number of sexual partners, use of oral contraceptive (OC) pills, smoking history, sexually transmitted<br />diseases and HIV status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess factors associated with<br />the increased risk of developing HSIL in women younger than 30 years compared with those aged ≥ 30 years. Results:<br />During the study period, there were 345 patients with HSIL, 30 were < 30 years (case group) and 315 aged ≥ 30 years<br />(control group). By multivariate analyses , early sexual debut(OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.01-8.13; P=0.047), multiple sexual<br />partners (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.23-7.02; P=0.015), history of genital warts (OR, 20.46; 95% CI, 2.27-183.72; P=0.007)<br />and history of smoking (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.10-7.93; P=0.032) were significantly associated with the development<br />of HSIL in women younger than 30 years when compared with those aged ≥ 30 years. The OC use, HIV status and<br />underlying diseases were not significantly different in both groups. Conclusion: Early age at sexual debut, multiple<br />sexual partners, history of genital warts and smoking are significant risk factors for developing HSIL in women younger<br />than 30 years. Cervical cancer screening should be considered in young women with such factors.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85921_b718f9194e8abcb881117703c4e31077.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Differential Impact of Education Level, Occupation and Marital Status on Performance of the Papanicolaou Test among Women from Various Regions in Brazil103710448589010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1037ENSaionaraAçucena Vieira AlvesPostgraduate Program in Public Health, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.AlbertSchiavetto De SouzaInstitute of Biosciences,
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande- Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.MathiasWellerPostgraduate Program in Public Health, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.0000-0002-5881-4256AdrianePires BatistonInstituto Integrado de Saúde, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande- Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.Journal Article20180201Background: In Brazil, little is known regarding the underlying causes of differences among populations regarding<br />socio-economic variables that affect women’s cervical cancer screening behavior. The present study focused on<br />socio-economic variables that affect women’s performance of the Papanicolaou test, comparing two distinct Brazilian<br />populations. Methods: We collected data regarding performance of the Papanicolaou test and socio-economic variables<br />from 559 women in Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), in the Central East region, and 338 women in Paraíba (PB), in the<br />Northeast region of Brazil. Nominal logistic regression modeling was performed to identify independent variables for<br />both groups of data. Results: Of the women interviewed from MS and PB, 116 out of 599 (19.37%) and 94 out of 338<br />(27.81%), respectively, had not performed the Papanicolaou test within the last three years (p = 0.025). Low educational<br />level characterized 570 (95.16%) and 203 (60.06%) of women from MS and PB, respectively (p = 0.000). Women in<br />PB who had a low educational level and were unemployed had a 2.96-fold (OR = 0.338; 95% CI: 0.121 - 0.939) and<br />2.40-fold (OR = 0.416; 95% CI: 0.199 - 0.869) lower chance, respectively, to have performed the Papanicolaou test ≥<br />three times, or once within the last three years (p = 0.029; p = 0.014). The chance of women in MS who did not live in<br />a stable relationship to have performed the test ≥ three times was 1.79-fold (OR = 0.560; 95% CI: 0.348 – 0.901) lower<br />compared to women who reported a stable relationship (p = 0.039). Conclusions: High educational level, employment,<br />and having a stable interpersonal relationship positively associated with performance of the Papanicolaou test among<br />women in PB and MS. Despite having predominantly a low educational level, women in MS performed the Papanicolaou<br />test more frequently than those in PB.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85890_aa57d533e72c76fcaa4e93f2fa7c6e64.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Investigating the Vinblastine Induced-Chromosomal Abnormality in the Already Gamma Irradiated L929 Cell Line Using Micronucleus Assay in Cytokinesis Blocked Binucleated Cells104510508272410.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1045ENZahraMohammadiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.FarhangHaddadDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.MaryamM MatinDepartment of Biology and Institute of Biotechnology, Cell and Molecular
Biotechnology Research Group, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.ShokouhozamanSoleymanifardMedical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of
Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Journal Article20180217Objectives: Vast number of studies show the relationship between aneuploidy and cancer. Ionizing radiation in<br />addition to induce all kinds of damages to the cells and structure of chromosomes, is also able to induce aneuploidy<br />through direct damages to chromosome division apparatus. Also irradiation of the cells induces mutations in several<br />genes which might be involved in cell division fidelity and play a role in reversing the effect of aneugens. Therefore,<br />irradiation of cells and tissues might produce sensitivity to agents with aneugenic capability in irradiated cells. Methods:<br />To investigate the persistent genomic effect of ionizing irradiation on chromosomal instability, L929 cells were gamma<br />irradiated with the dose of 2 Gy. Cells were left to recover from the harmful effect of irradiation. They were treated with<br />low dose of vinblastine (0.5 ng.ml-1) 72h post-gamma irradiation. Finally, the induced chromosomal abnormalities<br />were scored using micronucleus assay in cytokinesis-blocked binucleated cells (MnBi). Results: Irradiation-recovered<br />L929 cells treated with vinblastine showed a statistically higher frequency of MnBi compared to non-irradiated and<br />vinblastine treated cells. Conclusion: The results indicate that gamma irradiation, in addition to direct induction of<br />chromosomal damages, is also able to create persisting genomic sensitivity in the cells to chromosomal instability,<br />which is detectable when exposed to the second stimulus.https://journal.waocp.org/article_82724_63b2c7c50f5e53b6d1663fbd790ce052.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Patterns of Dual-Specific Phosphatase 4 mRNA Expression Before and after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer105110558618710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1051ENPrihantonoPrihantonoDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.0000-0002-8247-0457Andi NilawatiUsmanDepartment of Statistics, Faculty of Health Community, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.0000-0002-1136-1704ChristianBinekadaDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Haluoleo University, Kendari, Indonesia.MochammadHattaBiology Molecular and Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.0000-0002-8456-4203Andi AsadulIslamDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.Journal Article20180529Objective: Evaluation of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy response can be performed by comparing the breast cancer<br />burden and pathobiology before and after treatment. This study was aimed to investigate the pattern of dual-specific<br />phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) mRNA expression in breast cancer cells before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods:<br />This was a longitudinal study. Twenty samples of matched breast cancer tissue taken from biopsy before and after<br />chemotherapy were subjected to qRT-PCR to detect DUSP4 mRNA expression. Results: The mean value of DUSP4<br />mRNA expression in prechemotherapy breast cancer patients was 9.906±0.333 and that in breast cancer patients<br />postchemotherapy was 10.016±1.062. In the responsive group, the rate of DUSP4 mRNA expression increased by<br />0.476 after chemotherapy. In the nonresponsive group, the proportion of DUSP4 mRNA expression likely decreased<br />by 1.012. Statistical analysis found no significant correlation between DUSP4 mRNA expression prechemotherapy and<br />the clinical chemotherapeutic response with p-value = 0.994 (p ≥0.05). A significant correlation was found between the<br />postchemotherapy DUSP4 mRNA expression and the clinical chemotherapeutic response with p-value = 0.003 (p < 0.5).<br />Conclusion: No significant difference was found in the mRNA expression of DUSP4 in pre- and post-neoadjuvant<br />chemotherapy specimens. High DUSP4 expression postchemotherapy shows a substantial correlation with the<br />chemotherapeutic response.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86187_3320bf588d0863061bb2d61f089e4d1a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401ТР53 Codon 72 Polymorphism and Human Papilloma Virus-Associated Cervical Cancer in Kyrgyz Women105710628592010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1057ENJainagulIsakovaInstitute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Bishkek, Kazakhstan.DenisVinnikovInstitute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Bishkek, Kazakhstan.School of Public Health,
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.0000-0003-0991-6237NurbekBukuevNational Center of Oncology and Hematology, Bishkek, Kazakhstan.ElnuraTalaibekovaInstitute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Bishkek, Kazakhstan.NaziraAdashevaInstitute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Bishkek, Kazakhstan.Journal Article20180618Background: The aim of this study was to ascertain the magnitude of association of gene ТР53 Arg72Pro polymorphic<br />marker with cervical cancer (CC) in Kyrgyz women. Methods: We identified and included 205 women of Kyrgyz<br />ethnicity for this case-control study, of whom N=103 were women (mean age 53.5 ± 10.0 years) with histologically<br />confirmed CC and N=102 controls (mean age 46.5 ± 8.5 years). We detected human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA types<br />16 and 18 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with hybridization/fluorescent detection. Genotypes of ТР53 gene<br />Arg72Pro polymorphism were identified using PCR-RFLP assay. Results: Eighty-eight percent (90/103) women with<br />CC had HPV, of whom 43.4% (39/90) had HPV type 16, 24.4% (22/90) had HPV type 18, whereas 32.2% (29/90)<br />carried both types. The univariate analysis of allele and genotype distribution of Arg72Pro polymorphic marker of ТР53<br />gene showed no difference between CC and control groups (χ2=1.24, р=0.54). However, when CC cases associated with<br />HPV were tested against controls, Arg72 allele and Arg72Arg genotype prevalence were greater compared to controls<br />(χ²=7.25; р=0.027 for genotypes and χ²=6.83; р=0.009 for alleles). In HPV-positive women, Arg72Arg genotype of<br />ТР53 gene was associated with a 1.85-fold increase in the likelihood of CC (OR=1.85 [95% confidence interval (CI)<br />1.03-3.32]), whereas Arg72 allele increased this likelihood 1.94-fold (OR=1.94 [95% CI 1.20-3.15]). Conclusions:<br />Arg72Arg genotype and Arg72 allele of ТР53 gene in Kyrgyz women increase the risk of HPV-associated CC.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85920_a670f81a96f56b6b130d8d436dfcdf5d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401A Rural-Urban Comparison of Knowledge, Risk- Factors and Preventive Practices for Colorectal Cancer among Adults in Lagos State106310718592210.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1063ENOluwakemiOdukoyaDepartment of Community Health and Primary Care,College of Medicine,University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria.ModupeolaFayemiDepartment of Community Health and Primary Care,College of Medicine,University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria.Journal Article20180622Objective: To assess and compare the knowledge, risk-factors and preventive practices for colorectal cancer among<br />adults in Lagos State. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted among 607<br />respondents selected from one rural (Ikorodu) and one urban (Surulere) LGA using a multistage sampling technique.<br />Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire administered by trained research assistants between April and<br />September 2017.Data was analyzed using Epi-info statistical software version 3.5.1. Univariate and bivariate analysis<br />was carried out and -p values of ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Respondents’ knowledge<br />of colorectal cancer was generally low, (rural-78.2%, urban- 62.2%, p<0.001). Urban respondents were significantly<br />more knowledgeable than their rural counterparts (rural- 21.8%, urban- 37.8%, p<0.001). The presence of CRC riskfactors<br />were higher among urban respondents (urban-49.3%, rural-42.6%, p= 0.09), however this difference was<br />not statistically significant. Preventive practices were generally poor in both groups, although more (18.1%) urban<br />respondents significantly took preventive actions against CRC compared with rural (6.9%) respondents, (p<0.001).<br />Increasing levels of education were significantly associated with higher knowledge level in both groups (p≤0.05).<br />Conclusion: The level of knowledge of colorectal cancer was generally poor in both groups but significantly poorer<br />among rural respondents. The presence of known risk- factor was higher among urban respondents while preventive<br />practices were poor in both groups.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85922_dc927fac39fa98b68545ff2df6eb5504.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Differentiation of Benign from Malignant Adnexal Masses by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI): Quantitative and Semi-quantitative analysis at 3-Tesla MRI107310798240510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1073ENMasoumehGityAdvanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging
Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-3056-4080SaraParvizAdvanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-2745-4793HamidrezaSaligheh RadQuantitative MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AnahitaFathi KazerooniQuantitative MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ElhamShiraliDepartment of Gynecology Oncology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.MadjidShakibaAdvanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-5935-5111MasoudBaikpourSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-3170-8071Journal Article20180714Background: To evaluate the utility of the pharmacokinetic modeling derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced<br />magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses. Methods: A total of<br />43 patients with 49 complex adnexal masses (27 benign, 3 borderline, and 19 malignant lesions) underwent preoperative<br />DCE-MRI examinations on a 3 Tesla MRI. Using extended Tofts’ model, quantitative analysis was performed in the<br />solid components of all tumors. Three pharmacokinetic parameters were defined as volume transfer coefficient (Ktrans),<br />the rate constant (Kep), and the plasma volume (Vp). Semi-quantitative analysis was also performed and the values<br />of relative signal intensity (SI rel) wash-in-rate (WIR), the initial area under the curve (iAUC60), time-to-peak (TTP)<br />and wash-out-rate (WOR) were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to<br />evaluate diagnostic characteristics of each DCE-MRI parameter in differentiating borderline/malignant tumors from<br />benign lesions and to provide the optimal cutoff values for these variables. Results: SI rel had the highest diagnostic value<br />(AUC=0.872; p<0.001; cut-off=121.4 associated with an overall accuracy=79.6%, sensitivity=95.5%, specificity=66.7%,<br />NPV=94.8% and PPV=70.0%). Ktrans had the second highest AUC=0.836 (p<0.001; cut-off=0.034 associated with an<br />overall accuracy=79.6%, sensitivity=86.4%, specificity=74.1%, NPV=87.0% and PPV=73.1%). The other factors found<br />to be acceptable diagnostic parameters for borderline/malignant lesions included WIR (AUC=0.816; p<0.001), iAUC60<br />(AUC=0.808; p<0.001), Vp (AUC=0.795; p<0.001), SI max (AUC=0.737, p=0.005), SI peak (AUC=0.737; p=0.005)<br />and Kep (AUC=0.681; p=0.031). Conclusion: Quantitative DCE-MRI is a relevant tool for differentiating benign from<br />malignant adnexal masses. Among all the DCE parameters, SI rel and Ktrans are the most accurate discriminators.https://journal.waocp.org/article_82405_c7469c29e18edfd6dcf8a8b35d9396d0.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401ADAM9 Expression in Uterine Cervical Cancer and Its Associated Factors108110878594010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1081ENSeoparjoo AzmelMohd IsaDepartment of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.0000-0002-7539-3473Md SalzihanMd SallehDepartment of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.0000-0002-3063-283XMohdIsmailHospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical
Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.SuhailyMohd HaironDepartment of Community Medicine, School of Medical
Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.Orcid.org/0000-0002-4934-0001Journal Article20180718Background: Cervical cancer is a preventable disease caused by human papillomaviruses. It is the third most<br />common cancer to occur in women of reproductive age. The ADAM9 protein plays a role in basement membrane<br />degradation and tumour metastasis in certain types of tumour. Thus, it has the potential to become a new targeted<br />therapy. The objective of this study was to investigate ADAM9 expression in cervical cancer and to determine the<br />factors associated with ADAM9-positive expression. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Hospital<br />Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) Kelantan, Malaysia from December 2010 to December 2012. Histological slides<br />obtained from 95 cervical cancer cases diagnosed and/or treated in HUSM from 2000 to 2010 were analysed. The<br />ADAM9 immunostain was then performed on the paraffin blocks. The statistical data entry and analysis were done<br />using SPSS version 18.0. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with<br />ADAM9-positive expression. Result: Of the 95 cervical cancer patients included in the study, 72 (75.8%) patients showed<br />positive ADAM9 expression. The mean age of the patients was 53.89 (10.83) years old. Squamous cell carcinoma was<br />the most common type of cervical cancer (n = 67, 70.5%). Factors that showed a statistically significant association<br />with ADAM9-positive expression were tumour size (adjusted odds ratio [adj. OR]: 1.08; 95% confidence interval<br />[CI]: 1.02, 1.13; p = 0.004), distant metastasis (adj. OR: 12.82; 95% CI: 1.91, 86.13; p = 0.009) and the histological<br />type of cervical cancer (i.e. squamous cell carcinoma) (adj. OR: 7.39; 95% CI: 1.42, 38.51; p = 0.017). Conclusion:<br />The ADAM9 immunostain was consistently positive in malignant cells. Thus, ADAM9 expression can be used as a<br />prognostic/therapeutic indicator in aiding clinician decision-making regarding patient treatment (targeted therapy).https://journal.waocp.org/article_85940_405075c109d960117e66c64b06594b16.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401HPV Types Distribution in General Female Population and in Women Diagnosed with Cervical Cancer Across Western Kazakhstan108910968592310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1089ENSaule KBalmagambetovaWest Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, 68, Maresyev Street, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.0000-0003-4080-5383AndreaTinelliDepartment of Obstetrics
and Gynecology, Division of Experimental Endoscopic Surgery, Imaging, Technology and Minimally Invasive Therapy, Vito Fazzi
Hospital, Lecce, ItalyOlzhas NUrazayevWest Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, 68, Maresyev Street, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.Kanshaiym ZSakievaWest Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, 68, Maresyev Street, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.Arip KKoyshybaevWest Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, 68, Maresyev Street, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.0000-0002-6164-8009Dinara AZholmukhamedovaWest Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, 68, Maresyev Street, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.Saltanat TUrazayevaWest Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, 68, Maresyev Street, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.Journal Article20180718Objective: to detect the HPV types distribution both in general female population and in women with first diagnosed<br />cervical cancer, including viral load in both groups. Methods: Qualitative detection and quantification of HPV was<br />performed by PCR-Real time method based on the Russian equipment and test systems (“DNA-Technology” LLC,<br />Russia). The DNA of low-risk (HPV 6, 11, 44) and possibly / potentially / high carcinogenic risk (HPV 16, 18, 26, 31,<br />33 , 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82), a total of 21 types, were detected. Results: During the period<br />of 2014-2017 total 1,166 clinically healthy women were tested for HPV, as well as 73 women diagnosed with CaCx.<br />Overall prevalence of HPV in female population was determined as 25.0% (95% CI 22.3;27.7, p = 0.05). Top-5 leading<br />HPV types: 16 (26.4%); 31 (10.1%); 51 (9.4%); 52 (9.0%); 6 (7.9%). Average viral load was 5.5±3.8 (CI 95% 5.1;5.9).<br />In women diagnosed with CaCx ranking was as follows – 16 (54.1%), 31 (11.2%), 18 / 58 (5.1% each), 33 / 45 (4.1%<br />each). Type 16 appeared to be one of the most significant risk factors of the CaCx development (p=0.00007, phi 0.35,<br />Pierson’s X 2 15.9). Average viral load in patients with CaCx was 6.9±4.0 (95% CI 6.1;7.7). A reliable relationship<br />between the cancer staging and the viral load was found (p = 0.043, n = 73). Domination of type 16 calls for urgent<br />need the transition to HPV primary screening and resumption of immunization program discontinued in 2014. The<br />study is registered in ISRCTN registry, No. ISRCTN71514910 (01.02.2018).https://journal.waocp.org/article_85923_35ab5b894ffa7602826762a2b9563700.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401XRCC4 c.1394G>T Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk among Filipinos109711018681910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1097ENJulius AdrieGarciaThe Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.Noel AngeloKalacasThe Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.0000-0002-3507-7724TeresaSy OrtinThe Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Benavides Cancer Institute, Manila, Philippines.Maria CristinaRamosThe Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.Pia MarieAlbanoThe Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.Journal Article20180803Background: The identification of cancer-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and mutation<br />genes is a promising approach in recognizing individuals who are at risk of developing cancer. Hence, this study<br />was conducted to determine the association between XRCC4 c.1394G>T SNP and breast cancer development among<br />Filipinos. Methods: Genotyping for XRCC4 c.1394G>T SNP was performed on breast cancer patients (n=103) and<br />their age- and sex- matched clinically healthy controls (n=103) by polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment<br />length polymorphism. Results: Significant difference in genotype (p=0.007) and allele (p=0.003) frequencies in XRCC4<br />c.1394G>T was observed between the breast cancer cases and controls. Carriers of the XRCC4 c.1394 G>T genotype<br />were observed to have significantly higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to individuals with T/T genotype<br />(OR=2.67, 95% CI: 1.36 – 5.25). XRCC4 c.1394G>T combined with passive smoking may also significantly increase<br />risk of breast cancer (OR=14.73; 95% CI= 9.88-18.86). Conclusion: XRCC4 c. 1394G>T may be associated with<br />breast cancer development among Filipinos.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86819_2a0d2ddbad16baf543e8543e273d2c1c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Diagnostic Performance of Serum Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) for Prediction of Malignancy in Ovarian Masses110311088609510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1103ENRupaliDewanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.AbhinavDewanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Sector-5, Rohini, New Delhi, India.MeeraJindalDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.MausumiBhardawajDepartment
of Research, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh India.Journal Article20180815Background: Early diagnosis of ovarian cancer is essential for long term disease control and mortality reduction.<br />This has been achieved using tumor markers like cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) which is elevated in malignant as well<br />as non-malignant conditions. This dilemma led to efforts towards development of newer markers like serum human<br />epididymis secretory protein E4 (HE4). Present study aimed to evaluate role of HE4 in diagnosing ovarian cancers<br />and comparing it with CA-125. Methods: Serum samples from 67 patients with ovarian cancer, 42 with benign<br />ovarian masses and 26 healthy controls were collected preoperatively and tested for serum HE4 levels and CA-125<br />levels. Diagnostic performance of both tumor markers (HE4/CA-125) to diagnose malignancy in ovarian masses was<br />calculated and compared to each other. Results: Mean CA-125 and HE4 levels were significantly higher in patients<br />with ovarian cancer than in those with benign disease (p<0.001) or healthy controls (p< 0.001). Serum HE4 levels<br />significantly increased in epithelial ovarian cancers when compared to non-epithelial ovarian cancers (p<0.01). Using<br />benign control as comparison, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was generated to predict a cut-off value<br />for diagnosing malignancy for serum HE4 and CA-125. Compared to CA-125, HE4 had a similar sensitivity (83.6%<br />vs. 85.10%) and higher specificity (100% vs. 90.48%); combination of serum HE4 and CA-125 improved the sensitivity<br />to detect ovarian cancer to 92.54%. Sensitivity of HE4 to detect early stage ovarian cancer was superior to CA-125<br />(92.61% vs. 63.41%). Conclusion: Serum HE4, a novel tumor marker, discriminated epithelial ovarian cancer from<br />benign ovarian masses. HE4 levels were related to the stage and histological types with the lowest levels in mucinous<br />epithelial ovarian cancer and non-epithelial malignancy. Measuring serum HE4 levels alongwith CA-125 may provide<br />higher accuracy for detecting epithelial ovarian cancer particularly in the early stages.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86095_6055f539b61505e3ccea6d355597c97c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401The Effect of Hookah Use on Buccal Mucosa: Evaluation of Repair Index110911128237710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1109ENMehrdadTaghibakhshDepartment of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.SarehFarhadiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences,
Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran.AfsanehBabaeeDentist, Tehran, IranMaryamSheikhiDentist, Tehran, IranJournal Article20180822Background and aim: Cigarettes, hookah, and tobacco are the most important etiologic factors for oral cancers<br />and dysplastic lesions. This study was undertaken to determine the correlation between hookah use and the percentage<br />of cells with micronucleus, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, and broken egg in the buccal mucosa; and secondly to compare<br />hookah user and non-user in terms of repair index. Materials and methods: The present historical cohort study was<br />carried out on 72 samples taken from 36 hookah users and 36 control subjects. Smear samples were obtained from<br />participants’ buccal mucosa for cytological evaluation using Papanicolaou technique. Then, the percentages of cells<br />with micronucleus, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, and broken egg were recorded and the repair index was calculated. Data<br />were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: A total of 72 samples taken from 36 hookah users and 36 control<br />subjects were evaluated. The means of micronucleus scores in the buccal mucosa cells of hookah users and controls<br />were 10.7±2.6 and 5.8±2.0, the karyorrhexis scores in the hookah users and controls were 0.1±0.06 and 0.04±0.06,<br />and the karyolysis scores in hookah users and controls were 0.16±0.05 and 0.08±0.06, respectively. These differences<br />were statistically significant between hookah users and controls (P<0.001). The broken egg score was 0.66±0.07 for the<br />hookah users and 0.03±0.04 for the control group, revealing a statistically significant difference (P<0.036). Finally, the<br />repair index values were 0.03±0.01 and 0.05±0.13 in hookah users and controls, respectively. This difference was also<br />significant (P<0.026). Conclusion: The percentages of cells with micronucleus, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, and broken<br />egg in the buccal mucosa of hookah users were significantly higher than those in control group; in addition, the repair<br />index of the buccal mucosa cells in hookah users was significantly lower than that in the control group.https://journal.waocp.org/article_82377_de6a766da1c84ce36eee12cb7a741344.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Determining Occupational Performance Issues in Women with Breast Cancer Referred to Treatment Centers of Hamadan, Iran111311188258010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1113ENFarkhondehJamshidiDepartment of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.NazilaAkbarfahimiDepartment of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Seyed AliHosseiniDepartment of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ArezooShayanFaculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical
Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.AsalFazeliDepartment of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20180827Objective: Women with breast cancer experience functional limitations at the time of diagnosis and after the initial<br />treatment of cancer. Such limitations interfere with participation in self-care, work affairs, and leisure activities. The<br />present study aimed to determine occupational performance priorities in women with breast cancer who had referred<br />to treatment centers in Hamadan, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study, 102 women<br />with breast cancer who had referred to treatment centers in Hamadan were selected through convenience sampling.<br />The participants’ information was gathered using their medical records and a demographic information questionnaire.<br />Then, they were interviewed using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to determine their<br />occupational performance issues. The gathered data were coded and analyzed using the SPSS statistical software,<br />version 16. Results: The results indicated that out of the 22 defined codes for the patients’ selected activities, 45.8%,<br />30.8%, and 23.4% belonged to self-care, productivity, and leisure domains, respectively. Conclusion: Women with<br />breast cancer experience various occupational performance issues due to disease complications and received treatments.<br />In the present study, self-care comprised the occupational performance priority. Determining the clients’ intervention<br />priorities, which is among the bases of occupational therapy interventions, can help women with breast cancer reach<br />the desired quality of life.https://journal.waocp.org/article_82580_050b01be008859e0eb66fbdbf64f14fa.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Effect of DNA Methyltransferase in Comparison to and in Combination with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cell Line111911258237810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1119ENMasumehSanaeiResearch Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.FraidoonKavoosiResearch Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.Journal Article20180903Background: DNA demethylating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors can affect reactivation of gene<br />expression and apoptosis induction by DNA acetylation and demethylation. The aim of the present study was to analyze<br />the effects of DNA demethylating agent genistein (GE) and histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid VPA), alone<br />and combined, on hepatocellular carcinoma Hep G2 cell line. Methods: The cells were treated with various doses of<br />genistein and valproic acid (alone and combined) and the MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to determine cell<br />viability and apoptosis. Results: Genistein and valproic acid inhibited the growth of HepG 2 cells significantly. Result<br />of flow cytometry demonstrated that genistein and valproic acid (alone and combined) induce apoptosis significantly in<br />a time‑dependent manner. Conclusions: Genistein and valproic acid can significantly inhibit proliferation and induce<br />apoptosis in HepG2 cell line. The apoptotic effects of GE in combination with VPA were more significant that of each<br />compound alone.https://journal.waocp.org/article_82378_aa326d2aaf448a9d1977bf8cf32e1b04.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401RAS Mutation in Mucinous Carcinoma of the Ovary112711328594310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1127ENPinyadaPanyavaranantDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine,
Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0003-3267-6577ChinachoteTeerapakpinyoChulalongkorn GenePRO Center, Research Affairs,
Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.NatkritaPohthipornthawatDivision of Cyto-pathology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine,
Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0002-8766-7101ShinaOranratanaphanDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine,
Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital Bangkok, Thailand.0000000337387061ShanopShuangshotiChulalongkorn GenePRO Center, Research Affairs,
Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.SurangTriratanachatDivision of Cyto-pathology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine,
Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0002-6252-0381Journal Article20180908Objective: This study was designed to identify genetic mutation in mucinous carcinoma of the ovary of the patients<br />in King Chulalongkorn Memorial hospital, Bangkok, Thailand and study the relationship between genetic mutation<br />and patients’ prognosis. Methods: Fifty cases of primary mucinous carcinoma of the ovary were selected. DNA was<br />analyzed for genetic mutation using ColoCarta Panel v1.0 and MassArray® System. Demographic data and clinical<br />information of the participants were reviewed from electronic medical records and government data services. Results:<br />Median of disease-free survival is 171.33 +/- 9.04 months and the median overall survival is 171.37 +/- 9.03 months.<br />Twelve percent of the participants had recurrence and all of recurrent cases died from disease or its complication. We<br />found three mutations which were KRAS (27 cases, 54%), PIK3CA (4 cases, 8%) and BRAF (1 case, 2%). Among the<br />KRAS-mutated patients, the majority of the cases (25 cases, 92.6%) were in stage I. Recurrence and disease related<br />mortality were not observed in the KRAS mutated patients. Conclusion: The genetic mutation analysis found three<br />mutations which were KRAS 27 cases (54%), PIK3CA 4 cases (8%) and BRAF 1 case (2%) The ovarian mucinous<br />carcinoma patients with KRAS mutation in our study showed excellent prognosis.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85943_5a430e711a8f9464db901a2519296e6b.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Causes of Treatment Abandonment of Pediatric Cancer Patients– Experience in a Regional Cancer Centre in North East India113311378586510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1133ENMunlimaHazarikaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr.B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.RakeshMishraDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr.B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.Bhargab JyotiSaikiaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr.B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.ChidanandaBhuyanDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr.B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.C WNyutheDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr.B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.AnupamSarmaDepartment of Pathology, Dr. B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.GauravKumarDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr.B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.0000-0002-7383-7413ClifftonSutnagaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr.B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.ManojKalitaPopulation Based Cancer Registry, National Cancer Registry Programme (ICMR), Dr. B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.ParthaRoyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr.B Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, Assam, India.Journal Article20180921Introduction: Refusal and abandonment of treatment is often considered as an important reason for poor survival of<br />pediatric cancer patients in developing and underdeveloped countries. In this study we analyze the factors responsible<br />for treatment abandonment and refusal in a Regional Cancer Centre (RCC) in North East India. Material and Methods:<br />All histopathologically or cytologically confirmed cases of childhood cancer from below 15 years of age registered from<br />1st April, 2010 to 31st March, 2017 were included in this study. Parents or caregivers were interviewed thoroughly and<br />a questionnaire was filled up for analysis of demographic and socio-economic factors. Modified Kuppuswamy scale<br />was used to measure socioeconomic status. Results: Of 592 patients 161 (27.1%) abandoned therapy and 23 (3.9%)<br />refused treatment. Factors associated with abandonment of treatment included: lower risk if residing in urban areas<br />(Odds ratio [OR] = 0.8333, 95% CI 0.565-1.228; P=0.36) and higher risk with maternal education less than secondary<br />school (OR = 1.357; 95%CI: 0.553-3.326; P=0.505). Low socioeconomic status and age >5yrs were also associated<br />with abandonment of treatment. In a binary logistic regression analysis, male sex [Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.701; 95% CI<br />0.48-1.01; P=0.062] have lowest risk of abandoning treatment with trend to statistical significance. Conclusion: There<br />is a need for proper definition of the problem of childhood cancer patients so that appropriate policy can be introduced<br />to improve survival by improving treatment compliance.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85865_e786c59b5fdefd4fa73035649c97d85b.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Prevalence of HER2 Expression and Its Correlation with Clinicopathological Parameters in Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma in North-East Indian Population113911458594810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1139ENPartha SRoyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.TomarNyoduDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.MunlimaHazarikaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.B JSaikiaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.CBhuyanDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.AmitInamdarDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.C WNyutheDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.BBorthakurDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.J DSharmaDepartment of Pathology, Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute,
Guwahati, Assam, India.Journal Article20180921Objective: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (erbb2/HER2) overexpression, has now been implicated<br />in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers. The study was conducted to determine the rate of HER2<br />positivity in patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma in North-East<br />India and to assess the impact of various demographic and clinical parameters on HER2 positivity. Methods: A total of<br />68 patients of age >18 years of gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma diagnosed on histopathological examination<br />from September 2016 to February 2018 at Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute, Assam were enrolled for the observational<br />(epidemiological) study. All patients were subjected to the HER2 immunohistochemistry test using a FDA-approved,<br />standardized test kit. HER2 expression was correlated with various demographic and clinicopathological parameters.<br />Results: The overall rate of HER2 positivity in the population studied was 56% (n=38). The rate was non-significantly<br />higher in male, older age group (>60 years) and Hindu population. Similarly, HER2 positivity rate was higher in patients<br />with well differentiated histology and was more common in patients with stage II and III diseases, but neither of the<br />associations is statistically significant. HER2 positivity rate was significantly higher in proximal and in GEJ tumours<br />(56% versus 44%, P=0.002). Conclusion: HER2 overexpression was evident in 56% of the North-East Indian patients<br />with locally advanced and metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. The overexpression correlated<br />significantly with primary tumour site. Routine testing of gastric and gastroesophageal tumours for HER2 expression<br />is recommended to provide a therapeutic advantage in Indian patients.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85948_a44b032e164ac33af54c3ce141d73590.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Study on JV Virus in Patients with Colon Cancer Type Adenocarcinoma114711518257910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1147ENAzadehHaghi NavandInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Virology Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.AliTeimooriVirology Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.ManoochehrMakvandiInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Virology Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.0000-0003-2510-3033NilofarNisiInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Virology Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Seyed SaeidSeyedianAlimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.NastaranRanjbariDepartment of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.KambizAhmadi AngaliDepartment of Biostatistic, School of Health,
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.HadisKeyaniInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.MaryamTabasiInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.KeyvanPourjabariInfectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Journal Article20180930Colorectal cancer is the most repetitious malignancies with high mortality worldwide. JC virus (JCV) is ubiquitous<br />Polyomavirus, with seroprevalence rates ranging from 70% to 90% in adult population. Recently the role of JCV have<br />been reported in many malignant tumors worldwide. The association of JCV was reported in patients with colon and<br />rectum cancers. Thus this study was conducted to evaluate the association of JCV DNA in patients with colon cancer<br />type Adenocarcinoma. Material and Methods: A total of 120 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks samples<br />were collected including 20/40(50%) males, 20/40(50%) females patients with Colorectal Cancer(CRC), and 80 (50%<br />males, 50% females) patients with benign tumor as a control. DNA was extracted for all the samples. Nested PCR was<br />carried out for detection of Vp1/T-Ag junction genome in JCV genome by Nested-PCR assay. Randomly, PCR products<br />of 6 samples were sequenced to analysis the partial JCV DNA. The phylogeny tree was constructed to determine<br />homology identity with other JCV. Results: 4/40(10%) samples of test group and 10/80 (12.5%) of control samples<br />were positive for JCV DNA (P= 0.69). Out of 4 samples positive for JC DNA, 3(7.5%) were males and 1(2.4%) female<br />(P=0.29). The frequency of JCV DNA in age group> 50 years was 4/32(10%), while in age group (0%) (p= 0.29). Conclusion: prevalence of JCV DNA was among 10% patients with CRC and 12.5% benign tumors<br />(p=0.69). The distribution of JCV DNA was among 7.5% male and 2.5% female (p= 0.29). The frequency of JCV<br />DNA was among 10% cases of age group >50 years and 0% of age group protein expression might explain the increased risk of colorectal cancer and requires further investigation.https://journal.waocp.org/article_82579_7cc3daa760515bee500a2ca0a5efd705.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Thymoquinone Augments Cyclophosphamide-Mediated Inhibition of Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer Cells115311608593010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1153ENArifKhanCollege of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.Yousef HAldebasyCollege of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.Sultan AAlsuhaibaniCollege of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.Masood AKhanCollege of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20180930Objective: Cancer chemotherapy at the recommended doses is largely associated with toxicity, and also it is not<br />effective enough to reduce the advancement of the disease at lower doses. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an active compound<br />derived from black seeds (Nigella sativa) which exhibits anticancer activities. The aim of the present study was to<br />investigate the synergistic effect of TQ alone and in combination with cyclophosphamide (cyclo), and to unravel the<br />role of TQ in fatty acid synthase (FASN) mediated molecular signaling in Her2 + and Her2- breast cancer cell lines.<br />Methods: The effect of TQ on the growth of Her2+ SKBR-3 and Her2- MDA-231 breast cancer lines were evaluated<br />as percent cell viability by cytotoxicity-based MTT assay. The analysis of cell cycle arrest was done through flowcytometry<br />followed by Western blot and RT-PCR to detect signaling events in the cells. Results: The data showed<br />that TQ-cyclo (0.5mM-10μM) combination significantly inhibited the proliferation through the 5.49% and 57.72%<br />accumulation of cells in sub-G1 and G1 respectively as 12% cells were shifted from G2/M phase in Her2+ breast cancer<br />cells. Similarly, TQ-cyclo (0.5mM-20μM) combination exhibited that the 16.6% cells were arrested in Sub-G1 and only<br />3.54% cells were remained in G2/M phase as it was 22.89% in DMSO control in Her-2- breast cancers cells. Though<br />TQ alone or in combination with cyclo alleviated the PI3K/Akt signaling by downregulating the phosphorylation of Akt<br />and upregulating the PTEN, no changes was observed in FASN and Her-2 as well in both type of cells. The significant<br />decreased expression of cyclin D1 was found in TQ-cyclo combinations. Conclusion: The current findings suggested<br />that TQ can alter the cell cycle progression and induce cell death independent of FASN mediated signaling. In terms of<br />clinical perspective, the present study clearly showed that TQ can broadly augment the effect of cyclo in breast cancer<br />cases irrespective of Her-2+ or Her-.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85930_17f820c144c4375ef2224f7970597bc9.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Comparison of Type I and Type II Tumors116111698586610.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1161ENWilasineeNhokaewDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.PilaiwanKleebkaowDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.NiponChaisuriyaDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.ChumnanKietpeerakoolDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Journal Article20181006Objective: To examine the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in type I and type II epithelial<br />ovarian cancers (EOC) and its associations with outcomes. Methods: Records of 132 women with EOC were reviewed.<br />Immunostaining of PD-L1 was performed with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens. Expression of PD-L1 was<br />classified into four categories (0; 1+; 2+; 3+) according to intensity of expression. Expression of PD-L1 ≥2+ was deemed<br />to be high. Results: Of the 132 women, 75 (56.8%) and 57 (43.2%) women had type I and type II tumors, respectively.<br />Approximately 70% of cases exhibited high PD-L1 expression. There was no significant difference in the rate of high<br />PD-L1 expression between the two EOC types (65.3% versus 59.6%). In type I tumors, high PD-L1 expression was<br />associated with more advanced stages (51.0% versus 34.6%), greater recurrence (46.9% versus 26.9%), and shorter<br />median progression-free survival (27 months versus 62 months) than low expression. In type II tumors, there were no<br />apparent differences between high and low expression of PD-L1 in terms of the percentage of advanced-stage tumors<br />(82.6% versus 79.4%), recurrence (56.5% versus 58.8%), and median progression-free survival (21 months versus<br />24 months). Conclusion: high PD-L1 expression is associated with worse oncological outcomes in type I EOC. This<br />finding emphasizes the merit of further studies to confirm this promising result and to determine the potential role of<br />PD-L1 blockade therapy in type I EOC.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85866_2b34f06a9d116d8babfe862b516a8333.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Regulatory Effect of Resveratrol and Prednisolone on MDR1 Protein Expression in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Line (CCRF-CEM)117111768240110.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1171ENMehdiTalebiHematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.SinaBahar AghdamImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.AkoAzimiDepartment of Basic Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.0000-0003-0962-818XHamedMohammadiImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.SomayyehKarimi YonjaliStem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.MaryamAsarihaMedical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.MiladZadi HeydarabadMedicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical sciences, Yasuj, Iran.Journal Article20181006Objective: Chemotherapy is the most widely recognized technique to regard leukemia and also different sorts of<br />human tumors. In any case, tranquilize protection has stayed as the primary test against the adequacy of medications.<br />Besides, having different unfriendly impacts, chemotherapy drugs are getting to be traded by characteristic modalities for<br />growth treatment. In such manner, natural segments, for example, resveratrol and prednisolone have been recognized to<br />sharpen the leukemic cells to modified cell demise through an arrangement of complex procedures. In this investigation,<br />we have analyzed effect of 15, 50 and 100μM of resveratrol and 700μM of prednisolone on the human multidrug<br />protection quality 1 (MDR1) as a notable marker for cell sedate protection. We assessed the impact of resveratrol and<br />prednisolone on MDR1 protein expression in the CCRF-CEM cell line as an agent for intense lymphoblastic leukemia.<br />The investigation was planned to clear up whether. Materials and methods: CCRF-CEM cells linage get under<br />drug treatment with use of resveratrol and prednisolone. Western blot use at 24 and 48 hours with different doses of<br />resveratrol and prednisolone to analysis of MDR1 expression changes. Results: Effect of 15, 50, and 100 micro molar<br />of resveratrol and 700 micro molars of prednisolone on CCRF-CEM cells led to the MDR1 decrease. Western blot use<br />for evaluation of MDR1 protein expression changes. Conclusion: In the present study, we observed that resveratrol<br />and prednisolone, with a dose-dependent effect, can reduce the expression of the MDR1 protein. This reduction of<br />expression demonstrates that resveratrol and prednisolone can overcome to drug resistance created by MDR1.https://journal.waocp.org/article_82401_14dc6dedbc7b936db9404a39fce5faf4.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Women in the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia Regarding Cervical Cancer and the Pap Smear Test117711848680510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1177ENEnas ADhaherDean of the Female Nursing Institute, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region of Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20181007Background: The main barrier for women to receive Papanicolaou (Pap) smear tests and immunization is lack of<br />knowledge about the disease’s signs and symptoms, women’s attitudes toward prevention programs and cultural myths<br />and beliefs. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to measure women’s knowledge, attitudes and practices about<br />cervical cancer and the Pap smear test in the southern region of Saudi Arabia and to assess the findings in relation with<br />women’s demographics. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted at the Armed Forces Hospital Southern<br />Region Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic using a self-administered questionnaire with a sample size of 255 women<br />between the ages of 15 and 65 years. Results: Forty-three percent of the women in this region are aware of cervical<br />cancer, but do not recognize its risk factors, implications, timing or main cause, which is Human papillomavirus (HPV).<br />In fact, the primary source of information was obtained through social media. Only two women conducted Pap smear<br />test and that was based on doctor’s referral, where women’s main reason from not conducting the test was feeling good<br />and no need. Conclusions: There is a need, therefore, to create awareness programs for cervical cancer, its causes and<br />risk factors, as well as its preventive measures for women in the southern region of Saudi Arabia.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86805_d0d11fc9e869b77689bec48f438d89ee.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Impact of Coexisting Uterine Adenomyosis on the Survival Outcome of Patients with Endometrial Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study118511908593310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1185ENSaranaBoonlakDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.ApiwatAue-AungkulDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.000-0003-2648-0383ChumnanKietpeerakoolDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.PilaiwanKleebkaowDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.BanditChumworathayiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.0000-0003-1214-1962SanguanchokeLuanratanakornDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.AmornratTemtanakitpaisanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Journal Article20181010Objective: To determine the effects of uterine adenomyosis on endometrial cancerrecurrence rates. Methods: This<br />retrospective cohort study reviewed all consecutive patients diagnosed with endometrial cancerwho underwent total<br />hysterectomy-based surgical staging at Srinagarind Hospital between January, 2010 and January, 2016. The patientswere<br />divided into two groups:a uterine adenomyosisgroup and a non-adenomyosis group. Patient demographics, type of<br />surgery, histopathology, stage of endometrial cancer, adjuvant treatment, and survival outcomes were compared.<br />Results: A total 350 patients were enrolled, with 132 (37.71%) in the adenomyosis group and 218 (62.29%) in the nonadenomyosis group. Deep myometrial invasion and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) were more commonly found<br />among patients who had no adenomyosis compared to those with adenomyosis(52.8% vs 39.4%, P=0.02 and 53.2%<br />vs. 38.6%, P=0.01). There were no significant differences in terms of five-year recurrence-free survival (HR=1.47;<br />95%CI 0.88-2.44) and five-year overall survival (HR=0.81; 95%CI 0.43-1.53) between the two comparison groups.<br />Conclusion: Coexisting uterine adenomyosis in endometrial cancer wasassociated withdeep myometrial invasion and<br />LVSI but did not have significant impact on survival.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85933_570cfc20e2f121aeed295b3e6c39b88e.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of Gastrointestinal Cancer Caregivers: The Impact of Caregiving119111978681810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1191ENNik NairanAbdullahDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak,
Cheras, Malaysia.Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.Idayu BadillaIdrisDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak,
Cheras, Malaysia.KhadijahShamsuddinDepartment of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak,
Cheras, Malaysia.Nik Muhd AslanAbdullahOncology
Clinic, Sunway Medical Centre, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.Journal Article20181011Objective: This study examined the quality of life (QOL) of caregivers for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients, and<br />associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at three referral hospitals in Klang Valley, Malaysia.<br />A total of 323 pairs of patients and caregivers from the oncology units of these hospitals completed questionnaires<br />in Malay. The QOL of caregivers was measured using The Malay Caregiver Quality of Life questionnaire. The<br />independent variables were caregiver and patient factors, care-related factors, the Caregiver Strain Index-Malay, and<br />the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support-Malay. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were<br />performed to determine the factors associated with the QOL. Variables with p < 0.05 were considered significant in the<br />multiple analyses. Results: Female caregivers were 68.1% of the total, and 46.4% caregivers were spouses to cancer<br />patients. Their mean age was 44.50 (13.29) years old. About 51.7% were of Malay ethnicity. The mean score for QOL<br />was 80.17 (21.58). Being a male caregiver (beta = 5.165, p = 0.011) and of Indian ethnicity (beta = -9.163, p = 0.001)<br />were strongly associated with caregiver QOL. Male patients contributed higher QOL scores for the caregivers compared<br />to female patients. There was an inverse relationship among caregiving strain, duration of caregiving, and caregiver<br />QOL. Conclusion: The identification of factors that affect QOL will allow healthcare providers to develop appropriate<br />interventions. It is important that caregivers be in good health so as not to compromise the care they provide to their<br />patients.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86818_6afee867f7bcadd3b1d444a6b8a12116.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Bioactive Compounds in the Ethanol Extract of Marine Sponge Stylissa carteri Demonstrates Potential Anti-Cancer Activity in Breast Cancer Cells119912068680710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1199ENMuhammad HasanBashariDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.Oncology and Stem Cell Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.0000-0001-7298-0317FathulHudaOncology and Stem Cell Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.0000-0002-4818-1862Tamia STartilaUndergraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.SarahShabrinaUndergraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.TennyPutriLaboratory of Advanced Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.NurulQomarillaLaboratory of Advanced Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.HaroldAtmajaLaboratory of Advanced Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.BeginerSubhanDepartment of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.0000-0002-2179-0721Ikhwan ResmalaSudjiLaboratory of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia.EdyMeiyantoCancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0002-0886-6322Journal Article20181022Objective: Despite advanced treatment options available, drug resistance develops in breast cancer (BC) patients<br />requiring novel effective drugs. Stylissa carteri, a marine sponge predominantly living in Indonesia territories, has<br />not been extensively studied as anti-cancer. Therefore, this study targeted to assess the anti-tumor activity of the<br />ethanol extract of S. carteri in BC cells. Methods: S. carteri was collected from Pramuka Island, at Kepulauan Seribu<br />National Park, Jakarta, Indonesia and extracted using ethanol. Different BC cells including MDA MB 231, MDA<br />MB 468, SKBR3, HCC-1954 and MCF-7 cells were treated with this extract for cytotoxic analysis using MTT assay.<br />Spheroid growth assay and apoptosis assay were conducted in HCC-1954 cells. In addition, cell migration analysis and<br />synergistic activity with doxorubicin or paclitaxel were conducted in MDA MB 231 cells. This extract was subjected<br />also for GC-MS analysis. Results: The results show that ethanol extract of S. carteri demonstrated a cytotoxic activity<br />in BC cells. The IC50 of this extract was lower 15 μg/ml in MDA MB 231, MDA MB 468, SKBR3, and HCC-1954<br />cells. Moreover, this extract inhibited spheroids growth and induced apoptosis in HCC-1954 cells. It inhibited cell<br />migration and demonstrated a synergistic activity with doxorubicin or paclitaxel on triggering cell death in MDA MB<br />231 cells. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis indicated that this extract contained 1,2-Benzenediol, Dibutyl phthalate and<br />9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester. Conclusion: Our preliminary data indicate a potential anti-tumor activity of<br />ethanol extract of S. carteri in breast cancer cells.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86807_cd42585884b6645b3c32e401648270d7.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Development and Validation of a Predictive Score for Preoperative Diagnosis of Early Stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer120712138681310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1207ENWatcharinChirdchimDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Phrapokklao Hospital, Chanthaburi, Thailand.0000-0002-6865-5009PreechaWanichsetakulDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.0000-0002-4725-5743PhichayutPhinyoResearch Division, Maesai District Hospital, Maesai, Chiang Rai Thailand.JayantonPatumanondCenter for Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ching Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.0000-0001-8977-2995KomsunSuwannarurkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.0000-0003-3019-9877JatupolSrisomboonDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai,Thailand.0000-0003-3416-1710Journal Article20181116Objective: To develop and validate a simplified multi-parameter risk-based scoring system for preoperative diagnosis<br />of early stage epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods: All women presented with adnexal mass and were scheduled for<br />operation at Phrapokklao hospital during September 2013 – December 2017 were included and categorized according<br />to their histopathologic reports into early stage ovarian cancer groups and benign ovarian tumor groups. Multivariable<br />logistic regression was used to explore for potential predictors. The selected logistic coefficients were transformed<br />into risk-based scoring system. Internal validation was done with bootstrapping procedure. Results: A total of 270<br />participants were included in analysis and predictive model development, 54 in early stage ovarian cancer group and<br />216 in benign ovarian tumor group. Menopausal status, two abnormal ultrasound findings (presence of solid component<br />or ascites), tumor size and serum CA-125 level were used for derivation of the scoring system. The score-based model<br />showed area under ROC of 0.88 (95%CI 0.82-0.93). The developed scoring system ranged from 0 to 51 was classified<br />into 3 subcategories for clinical practicability. The positive predictive values for the presence of early stage ovarian<br />cancer were 2.07 (95%CI 0.43-6.05) for low risk patient, 29.13(95%CI 19.65-41.58) for moderate risk patient, and<br />95.45(95%CI 77.16-99.88) for high risk patient. Conclusion: This simplified risk-based scoring system for preoperative<br />diagnosis of early stage ovarian cancer could aid general physicians or general gynecologists in evaluation of patients<br />presenting with ovarian tumors and help gynecologic oncologists in management planning and prioritization of patients<br />for operation.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86813_311f5df09305a8350bad532d15fb488a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Alteration of SF3B1 and SRSF2 Genes in Myelodysplastic Syndromes Patients in Upper Northern Thailand121512218681210.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1215ENPhuttirakYimpakDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand.AdisakTantiworawitDivision of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand.0000-0002-2381-9292ThanawatRattanathammetheeDivision of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand.0000-0003-2731-4889SirindaAngsuchawanDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand.SikraiLaowatthanapongDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand.WitoonTasuyaDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand.KanokkanBumroongkitDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University,
Chiang Mai, Thailand.Journal Article20181117Background: The frequency and pattern of mutation in SF3B1 and SRSF2 RNA splicing machinery genes were<br />found to vary among myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients in different populations. There have been less reports<br />of incidence of these gene mutations in Thailand especially in upper northern Thailand. This study therefore had aims<br />to investigate the frequency and pattern of mutation in mutational hotspot of SF3B1 and SRSF2 genes among MDS<br />patients in upper northern Thailand and to investigate the clinical features associated with the mutations. Methods:<br />Fifty-five MDS patients who underwent treatment at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital participated in this study.<br />The detection of SF3B1 and SRSF2 hotspot mutations was carried out using polymerase chain reaction followed by<br />Sanger sequencing. In addition, clinical features of individual patients with these gene mutations were also investigated.<br />Results: SF3B1 mutations (SF3B1mut) were found in 9 patients (16.4%) including E622D (1/9), R625C (1/9), H662Q<br />(1/9), K700E (5/9), and Q699H co-mutation with K700E (1/9). SRSF2 mutations (SRSF2mut) were found in 4 patients<br />(7.3%) which included P95H (3/4) and P95L (1/4). The SF3B1mut was associated with lower hemoglobin levels (p = 0.023)<br />and higher platelet counts (p = 0.047) when compared with MDS patients without SF3B1mut, while SRSF2mut tended<br />to occur in patients with a higher percentage of bone marrow blasts (p = 0.074). Conclusion: The findings confirmed<br />the difference in frequency of SF3B1 and SRSF2 mutations among different populations. Specifically, we found a<br />co-mutation of Q699H and K700E that has not been previously reported in MDS patients in the COSMIC database.<br />It was also found that SF3B1mut was strongly associated with low hemoglobin level, and high platelet counts whereas<br />SRSF2mut was mostly clustered in MDS with excess blasts subsequently increasing the probability of progression to<br />acute myeloid leukemia.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86812_2a32ab539b2a2c4472712afe5c0af0af.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Upregulation of Circulating MiR-21 Expression as a Potential Biomarker for Therapeutic Monitoring and Clinical Outcome in Breast Cancer122312288593510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1223ENSumadi LukmanAnwarDivision of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0002-2607-6682Dwi Nur IndahSariGraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Faculty of Health Sciences, Setia Budi University, Surakarta, Indonesia.0000-0002-2607-6682Aprilia IndraKartikaGraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Medical Laboratory Technology, Health and Nursing Faculty,
Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia.Meutia SrikandiFitriaGraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Medical Laboratory Technology, Health and Nursing Faculty,
Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia.Dewi SahfitriTanjungGraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Current position: PT Etana Biotechnologies Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.DinnaRakhminaGraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Politeknik
Kesehatan Kemenkes Banjarmasin, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.TirtaWardanaGraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.IndwianiAstutiGraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Departement of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Sofia MubarikaHaryanaGraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0001-7205-652XTeguhAryandonoDivision of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Journal Article20181127Background: Aberrant patterns of microRNA expression have been highlighted as a potential clinical biomarker in<br />breast cancer as the most frequent cancer among women that contributes nearly a quarter of total cancer incidence in<br />2018. Upregulation of microRNA-21 (miR-21) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in breast cancer. However,<br />the use of circulating free miR-21 as a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in breast<br />cancer is not well established. We quantified the levels of circulating miR-21 expression and analyzed their correlation<br />with clinicopathological variables and progression-free survival. Materials and Methods: This initial study included<br />a cohort of 102 breast cancer patients of different subtypes and clinicat stages. We also included 15 unrelated healthy<br />women. Venous blood from patients was collected at diagnosis and after treatment of surgery and chemotherapy.<br />MiR-21 expression was quantified from total RNA fraction isolated from patient’s plasma. Quantitative reverse<br />transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyzed miR-21 expression. Results: Expression of<br />circulating miR-21 was significantly elevated in breast cancer patients compared to healthy women (median miR-21<br />expression levels were 7.67±2.2 and 1.28±0.16, respectively; p<0.0001). Significant reduction of miR-21 expression was<br />observed in breast cancer patients after completion of surgery and chemotherapy (median miR-21 expression levels were<br />7.67±2.2 at diagnosis and 2.16±1.28 after treatment, respectively; p<0.0001). MiR-21 expression was higher in breast<br />cancer patients younger than 40-year-old but was not significantly different according to different histopathological<br />grades and clinical stages at diagnosis. Patients with upregulation of circulating miR-21 were associated with poor<br />progression-free survival (median survival 72 vs 86 weeks, respectively; log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test, p=0.049).<br />Conclusion: MiR-21 expression was upregulated in breast cancer patients and might serve as a therapeutic monitoring<br />marker.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85935_cfb4a98c943246d3c062b84380fb7be6.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401An In silico Approach to Identify High Affinity Small Molecule Targeting m-TOR Inhibitors for the Clinical Treatment of Breast Cancer122912418681710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1229ENKhushbooPatidarIn silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.UmeshPanwarComputer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi,Tamil Nadu, India.SugunakarVureeDepartment of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.JajoriyaSwetaIn silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.Manpreet KaurSandhuIn silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.AnurajNayarisseriIn silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi,Tamil Nadu, India.Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, LeGene Biosciences Pvt Ltd., Indore, India.0000-0003-2567-9630Sanjeev KumarSinghComputer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi,Tamil Nadu, India.Journal Article20181127Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy among women. It is a heterogeneous disease with different subtypes<br />defined by its hormone receptor. A hormone receptor is mainly concerned with the progression of the PI3K/AKT/<br />mTOR pathway which is often dysregulated in breast cancer. This is a major signaling pathway that controls the<br />activities such as cell growth, cell division, and cell proliferation. The present study aims to suppress mTOR protein<br />by its various inhibitors and to select one with the highest binding affinity to the receptor protein. Out of 40 inhibitors<br />of mTOR against breast cancer, SF1126 was identified to have the best docking score of -8.705, using Schrodinger<br />Suite which was further subjected for high throughput screening to obtain best similar compound using Lipinski’s<br />filters. The compound obtained after virtual screening, ID: ZINC85569445 is seen to have the highest affinity with<br />the target protein mTOR. The same result based on the binding free energy analysis using MM-GBSA showed that<br />the compound ZINC85569445 to have the the highest binding free energy. The next study of interaction between the<br />ligand and receptor protein with the pharmacophore mapping showed the best conjugates, and the ZINC85569445 can<br />be further studied for future benefits of treatment of breast cancer.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86817_18b3ef0a2e742974d451cc854e60a02d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401CYP2C19 Genotype, CagA Genotype and Antibiotic Resistant Strain of Helicobacter pylori Infection124312478588810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1243ENJeerayuthAuttajaroonGastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand.PeranartChotivitayatarakornGastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand.National Gastric Cancer
and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center (NGGC), Department of Medicine,Pathumthani, Thailand.Chulabhorn International College of Medicine
(CICM) at Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.YoshioYamaokaDepartment of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.Ratha-KornVilaichoneGastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand.National Gastric Cancer
and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center (NGGC), Department of Medicine,Pathumthani, Thailand.Chulabhorn International College of Medicine
(CICM) at Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.0000-0003-4298-9331Journal Article20181212Background: H. pylori is a class I carcinogen and major cause of gastric cancer. Few previous studies reported<br />relationship between H. pylori infection, CYP2C19 genotype and functional dyspepsia (FD) subtype. The aim of this<br />study was to determine relationship between CYP2C19 genotype and FD subtype patients(host factor) with antibiotic<br />resistant strains of H. pylori infection and CagA genotype(bacterial factor). Methods: FD patients who were investigated<br />with gastroscopy at Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand during March 2017-November 2017 were enrolled. Two<br />antral gastric biopsies were obtained for rapid urease test, E-test and cultures. CagA genotypes (CagA1a and CagA2a)<br />were determined by PCR and CYP2C19 genotype was determined by PCR-RFLP. FD patients were categorized as<br />epigastric pain syndrome(EPS) and postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). Results: 93 FD patients with H. pylori<br />infection were enrolled (37 male, 56 female, mean age 54.5 years). There were 33 patients with EPS and 60 patients<br />with PDS. CYP2C19 genotype revealed 55.9% rapid metabolizer (RM), 40.9% intermediate metabolizer (IM) and<br />3.2% poor metabolizer (PM) genotypes. Antibiotics susceptibility tests demonstrated 62.8% resistant to metronidazole,<br />12.9% resistant to clarithromycin and 27.1% resistant to fluoroquinolone. CagA 1a and CagA 2a were demonstrated<br />in 6 patients(11.5%) and 46 patients(88.5%). CagA2a genotype was more prevalent in PDS than EPS patients<br />(94.3%vs.76.5%; P =0.08) without significance. In intermediate metabolizer (IM), CagA2a genotype was significant<br />higher in PDS than EPS(100% vs.25%; P=0.004). Conclusions: PDS, CYP2C19 RM genotype and CagA 2a gene of<br />H. pylori infection were the predominant type of FD in Thailand. Metronidazole remain the most common antibiotic<br />resistant strain of H. pylori infection in FD patients. PDS (host factor) was significantly related to CagA2a genotype<br />(bacterial factors) only in patients with intermediate metabolizer. Appropriate dose of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and<br />correct regimens for H. pylori eradication in FD patients should be consider to improve clinical outcomes.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85888_3d64fe381ea65d18e5169840cd450a34.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Validation of the Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) in Thai Setting and Association with Nutritional Parameters in Cancer Patients124912558682810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1249ENNicharachNitichaiDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.JongjitAngkatavanichDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.NichaSomlawDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.NarinVoravudDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.ChawalitLertbutsayanukulDivision of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn
Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.Journal Article20181226Background: The Scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is a multidimensional tool<br />to assess malnutrition and risk factors. The objectives of this study are to determine the validity of the Thai version of<br />the Scored PG-SGA (Thai PG-SGA) and examine the correlations with selected nutritional parameters. Methods: This<br />observational analytic study included 195 cancer patients aged greater than 18 years at a university-affiliated hospital in<br />Bangkok, Thailand. All patients were assessed for nutritional status by Thai PG-SGA in comparison to subjective global<br />assessment (SGA). Anthropometry, body composition, and hand grip strength were evaluated. Results: According to<br />PG-SGA global assessment categories, 39% (75) of 195 cancer patients were well nourished, 27% (53) were moderately<br />malnourished and 34% (67) of patients were severely malnourished. Thai PG-SGA had a sensitivity of 99.1% and a<br />specificity of 86.0% at predicting SGA classification. PG-SGA numerical scores were significantly different between<br />well-nourished and malnourished groups (4.2 ± 2.4 Vs 16.3 ± 4.9; p < 0.001). The PG-SGA scores, nutritional status<br />assessed by PG-SGA, and nutritional status assessed by SGA were correlated with weight, % weight loss in one month,<br />body mass index, body fat, and hand grip strength (p < 0.001) respectively. Conclusions: Thai PG-SGA showed high<br />sensitivity and good specificity in predicting malnutrition in Thai cancer patients. This tool demonstrated the correlations<br />with anthropometric parameters, body composition, and muscle strength.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86828_9bed94da747e9e4c51895f65326d9c2d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Vitamin D-Binding protein Gene Polymorphism Predicts Pegylated Interferon-Related HBsAg Seroclearance in HBeAg-Negative Thai Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: A Multicentre Study125712648593110.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1257ENKessarinThanapiromDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.Research Unit of Hepatic Fibrosis and Cirrhosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.SirinpornSuksawatamnuayDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.Research Unit of Hepatic Fibrosis and Cirrhosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.WattanaSukeepaisarnjaroenDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.SombatTreeprasertsukDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0001-6459-8329TawesakTanwandeeDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.PhunchaiCharatcharoenwitthayaDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.SatawatThongsawatDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.ApinyaLeerapunDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.0000-0001-7951-3359TeerhaPiratvisuthFaculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.RattanaBoonsirichanFaculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.ChalermratBunchorntavakulFaculty of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.ChaowalitPattanasirigoolFaculty of Medicine, Police General Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.BubphaPornthisarnFaculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.SupotTuntipanichteerakulFaculty of Medicine, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.EkaweeSripariwuthFaculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.000-0003-2924-1337WoramonJeamsripongFaculty of Medicine, Buddhachinaraj Hospital, Phitsanulok, Thailand.TheerananSanpajitPhramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.YongPoovorawanCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.0000000223376807PiyawatKomolmitDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.Research Unit of Hepatic Fibrosis and Cirrhosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.Journal Article20181230Background: Vitamin D deficiency is related to poor clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus<br />(HBV) infection. Methods: We aimed to investigate the association between the genetic variants in the vitamin D<br />metabolic pathway and the response to pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) therapy in patients with HBeAg-negative<br />chronic HBV infection. One hundred seven patients treated with Peg-IFN for 48 weeks were selected from 13 specialty<br />hospitals. Eight genotypes of vitamin D cascade genes, including CYP27B1 (rs10877012), DHCR7 (rs12785878),<br />CYP2R1 (rs2060793, rs12794714) and GC (rs4588, rs7041, rs222020, rs2282679), were found. Results: Eighty-two<br />patients (83.7%) were infected with HBV genotype C. Eight patients had compensated liver cirrhosis (8.7%). At 24<br />weeks after treatment discontinuation, 41 patients (42.3%) achieved sustained treatment response, 53 (55.2%) obtained<br />HBV DNA<2,000 IU/ml, 6 (5.6%) gained HBsAg seroclearance, 2 (1.9%) had HBsAg seroconversion and 69 (64.5%)<br />exhibited alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization. Multivariate analysis revealed that baseline HBsAg level (OR<br />=0.06, 95% CI: 0.08-0.49, p=0.008) and the GC rs222020 TT genotype (OR=17.72, 95% CI: 1.07-294.38, p=0.04)<br />independently predicted sustained HBsAg seroclearance. In addition, this genotype was a predictor for normalization of<br />ALT (OR=4.61, 95%CI: 1.59-13.40, p=0.005) after therapy. The HBsAg levels at baseline and during and post-treatment<br />tended to be reduced with the GC rs222020 TT compared with the non-TT genotypes. The other studied polymorphisms<br />were not associated with treatment response. Conclusions: The GC rs222020 TT genotype, which is a variant in the<br />vitamin D-binding protein gene, could identify HBeAg-negative patients who have a high probability to achieve HBsAg<br />clearance and ALT normalization after treatment with Peg-IFN.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85931_462d6625e32b2d052912d8664230f752.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Cervical Cancer Screening Services at Tertiary Healthcare Facility: An Alternative Approach126512698593610.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1265ENKavithaDhanasekaranICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, UP, India.ChandreshVermaICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, UP, India.VipinKumarICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, UP, India.RoopaHariprasadICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, UP, India.RuchikaGuptaICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, UP, India.SanjayGuptaICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, UP, India.RaviMehrotraICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, UP, India.Journal Article20190116Introduction: India fights massive cervical cancer burden. This article highlights an innovative feasible approach<br />enabling tertiary hospitals to contribute to cancer prevention without compromising their primary mandate to provide<br />treatment. Methodology: Since 1979, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (NICPR) support a tertiary<br />hospital in cervical cancer screening through a satellite clinic. Record review of 5328 attendees of this clinic between<br />January-December 2016 was done. Pap-smear testing and reporting were performed by trained NICPR personnel. Patients’<br />demographics, reproductive history, Pap-test date, cytology results were recorded and results were communicated to<br />respective units for further management. Results: Among 5328 women screened, 2% (96/5328) had abnormal cytology,<br />which included malignancy(33%; 32/96), Atypical Squamous Cells-Undetermined Significance(ASC-US) (20%;<br />19/96), Atypical Glandular Cells(AGC) (23%; 22/96) with complaints of pain in lower abdomen 65.6%(59/90), white<br />discharge per vaginum 46.7%(42/90) and backache 23.3%(21/90). In which, Muslims- 67% (65/96), illiterates- 58%<br />(56/96). Age>35(p<0.001), parity>3(p<0.05), illiteracy (p<0.05), Muslim women (p<0.05) had positive association with<br />abnormal cytology. Conclusion: Awareness about cervical cancer screening is the immediate need in resource-limited<br />countries. Government hospitals in such countries should house dedicated preventive oncology unit for cancer screening.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85936_bea104f3bc9da84807e372a83b66102f.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Examination of Diagnostic Accuracy of UroVysion Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization for Bladder Cancer in a Single Community of Japanese Hospital Patients127112738593710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1271ENTakashiNagaiDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Japan.0000-0002-9635-4553TakehikoOkamuraDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Japan.0000-0003-0954-3995TakahiroYanaseDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Japan.RyosukeChayaDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Japan.YoshinobuMoritokiDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Japan.0000-0002-9185-8381DaichiKobayashiDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Japan.HidetoshiAkitaDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, 28 Higashihirokute, Anjo-cho, Anjo, Japan.TakahiroYasuiDepartment of Nephro-Urology,
Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kawasumi 1, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Japan.Journal Article20190130Objective: UroVysion (Abbott Molecular, Inc., Illinois, USA) is based on multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization<br />(FISH). It has been used successfully in the USA following its Food and Drug Administration approval in 2001. However,<br />the technology was not approved for use in Japan until 2017. Cystoscopy and urine cytology are the most frequently<br />used examinations to detect bladder cancer in Japan, and there are only a few reports regarding the performance of<br />UroVysion. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the diagnostic accuracy of UroVysion FISH in Japanese<br />patients whose tumors are detected by cystoscopy before transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Methods:<br />From April 2018 to July 2018, a total of 40 patients who were diagnosed as having bladder tumors by cystoscopy, and<br />therefore underwent TURBT were registered in this study. One day before TURBT, urine cytology and UroVysion<br />FISH were used in order to compare the accuracy with which they could detect bladder carcinoma, as confirmed by<br />pathological results of TURBT. Results: The pathological results of TURBT showed urothelial carcinoma in 33 cases.<br />Urine cytology showed positive results for 0 cases (0%), suspicious results for 10 cases (30.3%), and negative results<br />for 23 cases (69.7%). On the other hand, UroVysion FISH indicated 9 positive cases (27.3%) and 24 negative cases<br />(72.7%). There were 19 cases of urothelial carcinoma (57.6%) that were not detected by either method. Conclusion:<br />We conclude that UroVysion FISH alone is insufficient to detect bladder cancer and that cystoscopy is essential for the<br />optimum detection or follow up of bladder cancer cases in our hospital.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85937_14877fe56e169bf4a40739df6fc238a2.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401To Generate an Ensemble Model for Women Thyroid Prediction Using Data Mining Techniques127512818593910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1275ENDhyan ChandraYadavVBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, U.P., India.SaurabhPalVBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, U.P., India.0000-0001-9545-7481Journal Article20190207Objective: The main objective of this paper is to easily identify thyroid symptom for treatment. Methods: In<br />this paper two main techniques are proposed for mining the hidden pattern in the dataset. Ensemble-I and Ensemble-<br />II both are machine learning techniques. Ensemble-I generated from decision tree, over fitting and neural network<br />and Ensemble-II generated from combinations of Bagging and Boosting techniques. Finally proposed experiment is<br />conducted by Ensemble-I vs. Ensemble-II. Results: In the entire experimental setup find an ensemble –II generated<br />model is the higher compare to other ensemble-I model. In each experiment observe and compare the value of all the<br />performance of ROC, MAE, RMSE, RAE and RRSE. Stacking (ensemble-I) ensemble model estimate the weights<br />for input with output model by thyroid dataset. After the measurement find out the results ROC=(98.80), MAE=<br />(0.89), 6RMSE=(0.21), RAE= (52.78), RRSE=(83.71)and in the ensemble-II observe thyroid dataset and measure all<br />performance of the model ROC=(98.79), MAE= (0.31), RMSE=(0.05) and RAE= (35.89) and RRSE=(52.67). Finally<br />concluded that (Bagging+ Boosting) ensemble-II model is the best compare to other.https://journal.waocp.org/article_85939_7eb7452f0a9d81750257710a54bb244f.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Interrater Reliability of Various Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) Classifications for Differentiating Benign from Malignant Thyroid Nodules128312888588910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1283ENWarinthornPhuttharakDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.0000-0003-3648-5954ArunnitBoonrodDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.VivianKlungboonkrongDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.ThanatchapornWitsawapaisanDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Journal Article20190107Background: Thyroid ultrasound(US) is used as the first diagnostic tool to assess the management of disease but<br />is operator dependent. There have been few reports evaluating interrater variability in US assessment. Therefore, we<br />evaluated interrater reliability in US assessment of thyroid nodules and estimated its diagnostic accuracy for various<br />TIRADS systems. Methods: This retrospective study included 24 malignant nodules and 84 benign nodules from<br />January 2015 to October 2017. Two blinded observers independently reviewed stored US images by using TIRADS. All<br />analyses followed guidelines proposed by ACR-TR, Siriraj-TR and EU-TR systems. Interrater reliability was calculated<br />using Cohen’s Kappa statistics. Diagnostic accuracy were also calculated. Results: Interobserver agreement showed<br />substantial agreement for composition (K=0.616); echogenicity and echogenic foci showed fair agreement (K=0.327<br />and 0.288, respectively); margin showed slight agreement (K=0.143). Interrater reliability for the final assessment;<br />moderate agreement for ACR-TIRADS system (K=0.500); fair agreement for EU-TIRADS system (K=0.209) and<br />slight agreement (K=0.114) for Siriraj-TIRADS system. The diagnostic performance from the two observers; ACRTIRADS<br />system; sensitivities were 75% and 79.2%, specificities were 58.3% and 56%, positive predictive value (PPV)<br />were 34% and 33.9% and negative predictive value (NPV) were 89.1% and 90.4%. For the Siriraj-TIRADS system,<br />sensitivities were 41.7% and 25%, specificities were 84.5% and 89.3%, positive predictive value (PPV) were 43.5%<br />and 40% and negative predictive value (NPV) were 83.5% and 80.6%. For the EU-TIRADS system, sensitivities were<br />45.8% and 66.7%, specificities were 79.8% and 72.6%, positive predictive value (PPV) were 39.3% and 41% and<br />negative predictive value (NPV) were 83.8% and 88.4%. Conclusion: The ACR-TIRADS had highest interobserver<br />agreement, a trend to have highest sensitivity and negative predictive value for diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules.<br />Siriraj-TIRADS had higher specificity and accuracy, buthttps://journal.waocp.org/article_85889_2eba07bd147026e43e076a06f7ef8dea.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736820420190401Survivin Promoter Polymorphism (-31 C/G): A Genetic Risk Factor for Oral Cancer128912938690310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.4.1289ENRehana FaryalMehdiDepartment of Pathology, Ziauddin University Clifton campus, Karachi, Pakistan.FouziaShaikhDepartment of Pathology, Ziauddin University Clifton campus, Karachi, Pakistan.RizmaKhanDepartment of Molecular Genetic, Ziauddin University North Nazimabad campus, Karachi, Pakistan.BinaFawadDepartment of Community medicine, Ziauddin University Clifton campus, Karachi, Pakistan.AhteshaamUl HaqDepartment of Molecular Genetic, Ziauddin University North Nazimabad campus, Karachi, Pakistan.Journal Article20181104Background: The polymorphism of survivin gene at its promoter region is one of the risk factors for OSCC . This<br />polymorphism involves substitution of G for C (9904341), and it is present at the cell cycle dependent elements and<br />cell cycle homology region repressor binding motif of promoter. This study aimed to find the association between<br />survivin -31C/G polymorphism and prevalence of OSCC in a subset of Pakistani population. Methodology: This<br />case-control study was conducted on 47 cases with and 101 healthy individuals with no family history of cancer. We used<br />polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) protocols. Results: The most<br />common site of oral cancer in our research was the buccal mucosa followed by tongue and the least one was the labial<br />mucosa. The histological tumor type of all 47 cases was squamous cell type. In our research, stage II had the highest<br />prevalence, accounting for 34% of patients, while the prevalence of stage I was 31% in the case group. The prevalence<br />of stage III and IV was 25% and 8%, respectively. The numbers of moderately and poorly differentiated tumors were<br />equal. We found a significant association between the CC genotype of survivin and OSCC prevalence (OR was 9.395<br />at 95% CI: 1.0202-86.5251, p-value= 0.04). The GG genotype also showed significant P value (OR: 0.4709 with 95%<br />CI: 0.2323- 0.9546 at a P VALUE of 0.0367). while no significant P value was noted for CG genotype (OR: 1.4317 with<br />95% CI: 0.7513 -2.8658, p- value= 0.31). Conclusion: Survivin -31G/C polymorphism was strongly associated with<br />OSCC prevalence. The C allele was more common in case group as compared to healthy individuals living in Pakistan.https://journal.waocp.org/article_86903_db92b7f9cd7f4ea1567f47318c05ebf6.pdf