West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Evaluation of VEGF, FGF and PDGF and Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Glioma and Meningioma in Southern Iran288328908876310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2883ENSeyedeh AzraShamsdinGastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.AliMehrafshanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.Seyed MohammadRakeiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.DavoodMehrabaniGastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.Journal Article20180710Background: Meningioma and glioma are common central nervous system tumors. Hypoxic tumor cells secrete
angiogenic cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and
basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) that stimulate neovascular formation and inflammatory cytokine, such as TNF-α
and IL-1β. We measured these serum levels in patients with glial cell tumors and meningioma. Materials and Methods:
This was a case-control study in 2014-2015 on patients diagnosed with meningioma/glioma. All demographic and clinical
data were registered. The tumor volume and intraoperative bleeding were recorded. Serum levels of VEGF, PDGF,
FGF, TNF-α and IL-1β were measured by ELISA methods. Results: Ninety-six patients were enrolled in this study,
32 in each group. Patients VEGF level with cranial tumor, glioma/meningioma had increased. VEGF level was highest
among grade IV tumors, larger tumors, and in glioblastoma multiform. There was an upsurge in VEGF serum level as
glioma grade increased. The highest VEGF levels were seen in parasagittal meningioma. In contrast to VEGF, PDGF
was slightly elevated in glial cell tumors, which was significantly elevated in meningioma. Higher PDGF correlated
with increased intraoperative bleeding, especially in meningioma cases. Oligodendroglial tumors expressed higher
PDGF levels in contrast to other glial tumors. FGF level was not statistically significant. TNF-α and IL-1β expressions
were significantly higher in the meningioma and glioma group in comparison to control group. Conclusion: We found
increased VEGF and PDGF serum levels in CNS patient’s tumor. A different role for PDGF was found in the pathogenesis
of neovascularization of meningioma, as well as oligodendroglioma. No significant result was found for FGF. TNF-α
and IL-1β can serve as key prognostic biomarker in high-grade glioma and meningioma patients.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88763_9840508536cb1704fea6ed8968ced071.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001The Significance of Sidedness in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Triplet First-line Chemotherapy289128968876210.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2891ENShoukiBazarbashiSection of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.0000000289138158Ayman TOmarSection of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Department of clinical oncology and nuclear medicine, Suez canal university hospital, Ismailia, Egypt.LeenRaddaouiCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.AhmedBadranSection of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.0000000199948878AhmedAlzahraniSection of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.AliAljubranSection of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.TusneemElhassanResearch Unit, Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20180719Background: Recent data have shown that right-sided colon cancer carries poorer prognosis compared to
left-sided tumors. This study was aimed to evaluate the progression-free survival, overall survival of patients with
metastatic colon cancer of right-sided versus left-sided primaries treated with triplet chemotherapy regimen. Methods:
The medical records of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated on phase I-II trial of combination Irinotecan,
oxaliplatin, capecitabine, and bevacizumab were reviewed for sidedness of the primary. The analysis was performed
for progression-free survival and overall survival according to the sidedness and other known prognostic factors.
Results: Out of 53 patients treated with triplet therapy, 11 had right sided and 42 had left-sided primaries. The median
age for right-sided primaries was 46 (range 24-55) compared to 53 (range 32-74) in left-sided primaries. Median
progression-free survival was 14 months for right vs 18 months for left sided tumors (Hazard ratio 0.72, 95% confidence
interval 0.27-1.88, p=0.492) and median overall survival was 21 months for right vs 29 months for left sided tumors
(Hazard ratio was 0.86, 95% CI 0.32-2.26, p=0.752). Conclusion: First-line triplet chemotherapy may overcome the
difference in prognosis between right sided and left sided primaries in metastatic colorectal cancer. A larger analysis
is warranted.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88762_d761ff9bf1a460b1cc9271bbac6f6784.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Evaluation of Haptoglobin Genotype and Some Risk Factors of Cancer in Patients with Early Stage Esophageal Cancer289729018876810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2897ENSaraHosseinzadehDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.RezaAlipanah-MoghadamDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.0000-0002-1407-4831FazelIsapanah AmlashiStudent Research
Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.AliNematiDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.Journal Article20180928Introduction: Esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal gastrointestinal cancers that has a complex and diverse
etiology, with several genetic and nutritional factors involved in its etiology. The purpose of this study was to investigate
the type of haptoglobin genotype and its relationship with some nutritional and biochemical risk factors affecting
the prevalence of esophageal cancer in patients with early stage esophageal cancer. Materials and methods: In this
study, 44 patients (20 males and 24 females) with early stage esophageal cancer and 44 healthy subjects, classified as
control group, (19 males and 25 females) were selected. Haptoglobin (HP) genotype was determined employing PCR
technique. Nutritional data were analyzed using standard food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) method. Serum levels
of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrate and nitrite were measured employing the colorimetric method. Serum levels of
p53 protein were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results: The results
of our study showed for the first time that HP1-1 genotype was the most prevalent genotype in esophageal cancer
patients in Golestan province, Iran. HP2-2 genotype was the most frequent in the control group. Serum levels of MDA
were significantly higher in the patients’ group compared to the control group (P˂0.001). Weight and body mass index
(BMI) were significantly lower in the patients’ group than the control group (P<0.01). Food frequency analysis revealed
that the consumption of fruits and vegetables in the patients’ group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of our study showed for the first time that HP1-1 genotype is the dominant genotype in
patients with esophageal cancer in Golestan province. As well, modification of nutritional pattern and consumption of
high level of antioxidant compounds can be effective in reducing the prevalence of esophageal cancer in this region.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88768_fe5170a8b78001e809ed311650b56e04.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001The Effect of Relaxation Techniques on Anxiety, Fatigue and Sleep Quality of Parents of Children with Leukemia under Chemotherapy in South East Iran290329088877910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2903ENBatoolPouraboliSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ZeynabPoodinehDepartment of Community Health, Nursing and Midwifery School of Razi, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.YounesJahaniDepartment of Biostatistic, Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.Journal Article20181010Introduction: Cancer can cause emotional stress in parents, which has a negative impact on the quality of their
life. Also, anxiety and psychological stress have a negative effect on the health of parents, and fatigue causes a sense
of weakness and reduces the capacity for mental and physical activity, and insomnia, as well as stress and inability to
perform their occupational and social functions. This study aimed to determine the effect of relaxation techniques on
anxiety, fatigue, and sleep quality of parents of children with leukemia under chemotherapy in South East Iran in 2015.
Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial study. The study population included parents of children with leukemia
undergoing chemotherapy who were admitted to a teaching hospital in South East Iran. One hundred twenty parents
were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups, and the experimental group was provided with Benson
relaxation technique. Data collection tool included a demographic questionnaire, state-trait anxiety inventory, Brief
Fatigue Inventory, and sleep quality inventory. Data analysis was done by SPSS 16 and paired t-test, Wilcoxon, Mann-
Whitney, regression, One - Way ANOVA and Pearson tests were performed, and p ≤ 0.05 was statistically significant.
Results: The mean score of state anxiety in the intervention group was 60.86 ± 8.95 and 35.95 ± 4.61 before and after
the intervention, respectively. The mean score of trait anxiety was 56.56 ± 4.75 and 34.45 ± 4.95. The mean score of
the fatigue was 73.83 ± 14.63 and 43.71 ± 11. 06, and the mean score of the quality of sleep was 13.5 ± 6.05 and 5.7
± 3.43 before and after the intervention respectively. There was a statistically significant difference among state-trait
anxiety, fatigue, and sleep quality in intervention and control groups after the intervention. There was a statistically
significant negative correlation between fatigue and age, but there was no statistically significant relationship among
the mean fatigue, weight, the number of sons and daughters, education, occupation, gender, place of residence and
income (p> 0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship among the quality of sleep of parents, education,
gender, and place of residence, but there was a statistically significant relationship between state anxiety and education
(p≤0.05). Conclusion: The results can predispose family-centered nursing care to support more the parents of children
with cancer in the face of the stress of illness. Developing programs for training muscle relaxation techniques will
improve family functioning and mental health.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88779_9d3348622f79e320203fe678f8ed369d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Cancer Attributable to Tobacco Smoking in Member Countries of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in Year 2018290929158878710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2909ENSusi AriKristinaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.0000-0003-4248-6830Ni Putu Ayu LindaPermitasariDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.Kadek IdaKrisnadewiGraduate student in Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.Karina AninditaSantosoGraduate student in Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.Pia RikaPuspawatiGraduate student in Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.Wa OdeMasridaGraduate student in Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.YuniAndrianiGraduate student in Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.Journal Article20181219South East Asia is one of the world’s largest tobacco epidemic regions which tobacco smoking is known increase
the risk of various diseases, including cancer. As data from GLOBOCAN 2018 has had released on September 2018,
the aim of this study are to calculate the estimated burden of several types of cancer attributable to tobacco smoking in
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 2018 and compare it with established result data in 2012. So it can be
highlight what has been achieved and what it needs to be addressed by member countries of ASEAN to strengthen cancer
prevention against tobacco smoking. This study was using descriptive epidemiological incidence and prevalence-based
research design to estimate the burden of 14 types of cancer attributable to tobacco smoking in member countries of
ASEAN, in term of incidence and mortality. The cancer incidence and mortality data gained from GLOBOCAN 2018.
According to the estimation, tobacco smoking was responsible for 121,849 new cancer cases in 2018 (106,858 male
and 14,991 female cases) in ASEAN 2018. Our findings are mostly lower than previous study in 2012, both for cancer
incidence and mortality in male and female. It seems more ASEAN member states are adopting effective policies in
the MPOWER suite of interventions such as raising taxes on tobacco, establishing smoke-free areas and implementing
graphic health warnings in decreasing number of tobacco smoking. Therefore, ASEAN member countries are strongly
encouraged to strengthen the existing tobacco control measure in order to effectively gain a significant decline of
tobacco smoking related cancer in the future.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88787_d7c65c72d970d70747c0988cb61cf07a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Utility of p63 and p40 in Distinguishing Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma291729218876710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2917ENAribahAtiqDepartment of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan.SajidMushtaqDepartment of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan.UsmanHassanDepartment of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan.AsifLoyaDepartment of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan.0000-0003-2716-5027MudassirHussainDepartment of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan.NoreenAkhterDepartment of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan.Journal Article20190113Objective: Adenoid cystic carcinoma and polymorphous adenocarcinoma are primarily the tumor of minor salivary
glands. Both show certain morphological similarities, which limit their proper diagnosis in settings where there are
obscuring factors and limited biopsy material. However, there is a considerable difference in treatment and prognosis,
which raises the need to distinguish these two entities. In this study, we discuss the utility of two immunohistochemical
stains, p63 and p40, in different combinations for distinguishing polymorphous adenocarcinoma from adenoid cystic
carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Two immunohistochemical stains, p63 and p40, were performed on 47 cases of
adenoid cystic carcinoma and 23 cases of polymorphous adenocarcinoma. Results: 36 out of 47 cases of adenoid cystic
carcinoma showed p63+ve/p40+ve immunoprofile, followed by p63-ve/p40-ve immunoprofile, which is seen in10
cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma. However, 22 out of 23 cases of polymorphous adenocarcinoma displayed p63+ve/
p40-ve immunoprofile. p63-ve/p40+ve is the least frequent observed immunoprofile, which is seen in only one case
of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Conclusion: On combining all possible immunoprofile combinations, p63+ve/p40-ve
immunoprofile appears to be the most sensitive profile for distinguishing polymorphous adenocarcinoma from adenoid
cystic carcinoma.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88767_7ede293190c13c7af1407fb69b9a2a66.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001High Resolution Based Quantitative Determination of Methylation Status of CDH1 and VIM Gene in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer292329288876110.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2923ENGaurav KrThakurEnvironmental and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University
College of Medical Sciences (Delhi University) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India.TushaSharmaEnvironmental and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University
College of Medical Sciences (Delhi University) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India.TKrishna LathaEnvironmental and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University
College of Medical Sciences (Delhi University) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India.B DBanerjeeEnvironmental and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University
College of Medical Sciences (Delhi University) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India.0000000283483989Harendra KrShahEnvironmental and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University
College of Medical Sciences (Delhi University) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India.KiranGuleriaDepartment of Obst and Gynae, University
College of Medical Sciences (Delhi University) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India.Journal Article20190131Background: DNA promoter methylation is widely explored epigenetic phenomena, known to effect gene expression
and further perturbation in cellular homeostasis. Myriad of studies have leveraged promoter methylation and its potential
as biomarker for various types of cancer. Aim of present study is to investigate promoter methylation of CDH1 and VIM
gene and etiology of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods: Most of previous studies were qualitative; we have
quantitatively assessed methylation levels in 50 EOC cases and control each through high recognition melt (HRM)
technique. Results: At 10 % cutoff for CDH1 94% of EOC cases were found to be methylated with mean methylation
of 45±13.8, whereas for control mean methylation was found to be 7.3±3.7 amongst 16 % methylation positive control
samples. For VIM methylation was detected in 96% of cases with mean of 50.44±11.7 in EOC and in 12% methylation
positive samples for control mean methylation was 6.24±4.3. Conclusion: In short HRM based DNA methylation can
serve as a robust and sensitive diagnostic method for promoter methylation detection and as a biomarker for early
epithelial ovarian cancer detection.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88761_ef60a1a94d4e9684c07cbffad5d8df03.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Fecal Genetic Mutations and Human DNA in Colorectal Cancer and Polyps Patients292929348876010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2929ENJacquelineLimaOncology Group, Gastroenterology Division, Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.YolandaTeixeiraOncology Group, Gastroenterology Division, Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.CéliaPimentaOncology Group, Gastroenterology Division, Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.Aledson VitorFelipeOncology Group, Gastroenterology Division, Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.0000-0003-1335-1478Tiago DonizettiSilvaOncology Group, Gastroenterology Division, Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.Ermelindo Ermelindo Della LiberaJuniorGastroenterology Division and Endoscopist, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.Sarhan SydneySaadSurgery
Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ElisabethDeakSurgery
Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.HelenaMurrayRandox Laboratories Ltd., Crumlin, Co. Antrim, United
Kingdom.NoraManoukian ForonesOncology Group, Gastroenterology Division, Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.Journal Article20190212Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent cancers. Genetic mutations in CRC already
described can be detected in feces. Microarray methods in feces can represent a new diagnostic tool for CRC and
significant improvement at public health. Aim: to analyze stool DNA by human DNA quantify and microarray
methods as alternatives to CRC screening. Method: Three methods were analyzed in stool samples: Human DNA
Quantify, RanplexCRC and KRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA (KBP) Arrays. Results: KBP array mutations were presented in
60.7% of CRC patients and RanplexCRC Array mutations in 61.1% of CRC patients. Sensitivity and specificity for
human DNA quantification was 66% and 82% respectively. Fecal KBP Array had 35% sensitivity and 96% specificity
and RanplexCRC Array method had 78% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Conclusion: Microarray methods showed
promise as potential biomarkers for CRC screening; however, these methods had to be optimized to improve accuracy
and applicability by clinical routine.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88760_7da7aca6b155735e8c4a021f473498ce.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001The Effect of Filial Therapy on Depressive Symptoms of Children with Cancer and Their Mother’s Depression, Anxiety, and Stress: A Randomized Controlled Trial293529418880010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2935ENElahehEbrahimiDepartment of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-2941-7331HooshangMirzaieDepartment of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-7616-4288MehrdadSaeidi BorujeniDepartment of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-3145-8984GhazalZahedDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Child Mental Health Center, Mofid Children Hospital,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AlirezaAkbarzadeh BaghbanProtemics Research Center, Department of Basic Science, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-1026-4598NavidMirzakhaniDepartment of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20190219Background: Childhood cancer is an overwhelming life event that can completely change the lives of the sufferers
and their parents. Todays, advances of medical science have shifted the fetal nature of childhood cancer to chronic one
exposing children and their family to behavioral and psychosocial problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the
effect of filial therapy on children’s depressive symptoms and their mother’s stress, anxiety, and depression. Materials
and Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 32 mothers with their children who suffered from cancer were
recruited (16 in each group). During a 10-week training sessions, filial therapy group underwent child-parent relation
therapy (CPRT). Training sessions were held once a week. Control group received no training and only individual
counseling sessions were held for them we needed. Both groups were assessed before and after the intervention using
depression, anxiety, and stress questionnaire-21 (DASS-21), children depression inventory (CDI), and Wong-Baker
faces pain rating scale (WBFPRS). Sample randomization and data analysis were conducted by using SPSS (version
20) and running independent t-test and chi-square test. P value< 0.05 was set as the significant level. Results: Mothers
in the filial therapy group experienced significant decrease in their level of depression, anxiety, and stress in the posttest
(p < 0.001). In contrast to filial therapy group, mothers in the control group did not show an improvement in their
level of depression, anxiety, and stress. Moreover, the results of the current investigative showed that depression
of children in the filial therapy group significantly reduced at post-test (p < 0.001). On the other hand, the mean of
children’s depression in the control group remained steady. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed
that using filial therapy could reduce the depression of children with cancer and their parent’s depression, anxiety, and
stress. Accordingly, we suggest filial therapy programs as a routine for addressing psychosocial problems of children
with cancer and their families.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88800_7aadaf96077aa420c59d9b7802bbcca7.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Cytotoxic Potential of Petroleum ether, Ethyl Acetate, Chloroform, and Ethanol Extracts of Lavandula Coronopifolia Against Human Breast Carcinoma Cell line (MDA-MB-321)294329498876410.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2943ENEbtesam SAl-SheddiDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20190304Background: Breast cancer is the most common cause of deaths in women. The search for traditionally used
medicinal plants which can serve as non-toxic and affordable anticancer drugs is the need of the hour. This study
aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of extracts of L. coronopifolia against human breast carcinoma cell line
(MDA-MB-321). Methods: The MDA-MB-231 cells were plated in 96 well plates and exposed to 10-1,000 μg/ml
of L. coronopifolia for 24 h. The cytotoxic response of different extracts was measured by MTT assay, neutral red
uptake (NRU) assay and cellular morphological alterations under the microscope. Results: A concentration-dependent
decrease in the cell viability of MDA-MB-231 cells was observed after the exposure of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate,
chloroform, and ethanol extracts of L. coronopifolia. The cell viability was found to be 82%, 89% and 98% at 1000,
500 and 250 μg/ml, respectively in petroleum ether, 37%, 75% and 88% at 1,000, 500 and 250 μg/ml, respectively in
ethyl acetate extract, 30%, 35% and 64% at 1,000, 500 and 250 μg/ml, respectively in chloroform extract and 44%,
65% and 82% at 1000, 500 and 250 μg/ml, respectively in ethanolic extract of L. coronopifolia exposed MDA-MB-231
cells. The results also exhibited morphological alterations in MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to various extracts. The cells
treated with 250- 1000 μg/ml lost their original morphology and cell linkage as compared to control cells. Conclusion:
These preliminary results suggest the promising anticancer potential of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and
ethanol extracts of L. coronopifolia against MDA-MB-321 cells. Further studies are required to know the mechanism(s)
involved in the cell death.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88764_2b1a280d1de9f9b756748547041d5fa6.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Programmed Death Ligand 1; An Immunotarget for Renal Cell Carcinoma295129578876910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2951ENDeepikaChandrasekaranDepartment of Physiology, Teynampet, India.0000-0001-5989-6583SandhyaSundaramDepartment of Pathology, Teynampet, India.KadhiresanNApollo speciality hospital, Teynampet, India.PadmavathiRDepartment of Physiology, SRMC and RI, Porur, Chennai, India.Journal Article20190318Background: In this era of developing targeted therapies and immunotherapies as a treatment for renal cell carcinoma
(RCC), Programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) as a novel biomarker for RCC is analysed in our study. About 90% of all
renal cancers are Renal Cell Carcinoma. Most cases are diagnosed incidentally. 17% of cases are advanced at the time
of diagnosis. PDL1 being a trans-membrane cell surface protein is expressed on the tumor cells and is found to have a
chief role to inhibit the T cell immune response. It is essential to improve the host immunity by targeting the PD1/PDL1
pathway, thereby destroying the tumor progression. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of PDL1
in tumor cells and adjacent normal tissue among the renal cell carcinoma patients and assess the relation between the
PDL1 expression and the tumor characters. Methods: This is a retrospective study. Ethical clearance was obtained
from the institution. 150 histopathologically proven RCC cases were chosen. Immunohistochemistry using a PD-L1
rabbit monoclonal antibody was performed on paraffin embedded formalin fixed tissue blocks. Q scoring was done to
calculate the expression of PDL1. Statistical analysis: Chi square test was done to assess the comparison between the
PDL1 expression in tumor cells and their characteristic features like histology, grade and stage. SPSS (version 20.0)
was used for analysis. P value <0.05 was considered significant. It also explains the heterogenous nature of PDL1 as it
expressed more in the aggressive pathologic characters like high grade. Results: Positive PD-L1 expression was seen in
44% of tumors. Significant association was observed between high WWHO ISUP grading and positive PDL1 expression
(p=0.028). It was expressed in 75% of the sarcomatous type of RCC and 46.8% of clear cell RCCs. Conclusion: Our
study suggests that blocking PD1/PDL1 pathway may become an effective mode of treatment in cancer immunotherapy
especially for Renal Cell Carcinomas. Our findings confirmed the significant association between expression of PDL1
and the high graded tumors which proves it to be an important prognostic factor.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88769_93e9f102e18a4584f6590793bfbe1c9f.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Need vs. Financing Capability: Human Papillomavirus Vaccinations among Adolescents295929648877810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2959ENWiwinLismidiatiDepartment of Pediatric and Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.0000-0002-5014-0437OvaEmiliaDepartment of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.WidyawatiWidyawatiDepartment of Pediatric and Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.Journal Article20190327Background:The incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer in adulthood may be
prevented by HPV vaccination in adolescence. Currently, the HPV vaccination coverage rate in developing countries is
about 15%. The reason for this low vaccination coverage is most likely due to a lack of information among adolescents
and adults. Purpose: To explore adolescents, parents and teachers’ needs, obstacles, and expectations around the HPV
vaccination. Methods: This research used a qualitative method with a focus group discussion. The research participants
were divided into three groups: 21 female students, 17 parents, and 20 teachers. This research was conducted in junior
high schools that have programs run by their adolescent reproductive health counseling information centers. The data
were analyzed by employing content analysis. Results: HPV vaccination has not been made a priority for adolescents
because: 1) There is a lack of available education about HPV and HPV vaccinations for adolescents, parents, and
teachers. 2) The high cost for parents to vaccinate their children. 3) Adolescents, parents and teachers believe that the
HPV vaccine needs to be administered to adolescents, but they feel that the vaccine is not affordable. Conclusion: It is
important to consider a program which will provide accurate information about the HPV vaccination to the community,
especially adolescents. Financial management, such as insurance or vaccination savings schemes, may be one way to
overcome the problem of the HPV vaccination’s cost.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88778_56283b904f2626e39d54a01276b83fd4.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Saudi Women’s Knowledge and Attitude toward Cervical Cancer Screening, Treatment, and Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Study in Qassim Region (2018-2019)296529698878810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2965ENRawan AAlnafisahCollege of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.RemahAlsuhaibaniCollege of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.Munirah AAlharbiCollege of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.Azizah AAlsohaibaniCollege of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.Amal AhmedIsmailCollege of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.0000-0003-4398-6642Journal Article20190406Background: Cervical cancer is a preventable and curable disease if early diagnosed; however, most of the cases
present late; hence, there is a need to raise the awareness about cervical cancer and to establish screening programs.
We aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward screening and to determine the current status of awareness
among women. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 2,220 Saudi women in the Qassim region
using a validated questionnaire that gathers data on socio-demographics, knowledge and attitude domains. Results:
Among the participants, 952 (42.9%) were between 31 and 45 years old; most were married and highly educated
1,754 (79%), and showed moderate knowledge about cervical cancer symptoms, prevention, and screening. The most
reported symptom was non-cyclic bleeding by 511 (23%), while prolonged use of contraceptives 289 (13%) was the
more selected risk factor by participants. We found that 1,881 (84.7%) of women had not undergone a Pap smear test,
and 805 participants (42.8%) expressed their refusal to attend for it, citing various reasons; the most reported was that
they do not know someone who tried pap smear. A significant negative correlation was found between the level of
knowledge and acceptance to vaccinate daughters at school age against human papillomavirus. Conclusion: Saudi
women in the Qassim region have moderate awareness of cervical cancer but negative attitudes toward screening.
Awareness campaigns are needed to promote knowledge and improve pap smear attendance to eliminate negative
perceptions and beliefs.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88788_b646c86cfadfd2b1e4323b846e5557c3.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001A Call for Effective Interventions to Curb Shisha Tobacco Smoking among University Students in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study297129778877110.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2971ENDhferAlshaybanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam-31441,
Saudi Arabia.RoyesJosephDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam-31441,
Saudi Arabia.0000-0003-4974-9963Journal Article20190417Background: Although the number of cigarettes smoked has been declining due to major public health initiatives,
shisha tobacco smoking is gaining popularity around the world, particularly among youth and university students.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 464 university students in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
using a structured questionnaire (i) to assess the prevalence of shisha smoking; (ii) to evaluate risk-perception, knowledge
and normative belief about shisha smoking, and to compare these among users and non-users of shisha. Results:
The study reported a high prevalence (22.8%) of the current use of shisha among the university students with a narrow
gender gap and found that STS is getting more popular than other forms of tobacco. A quarter of participants had low
risk perception and 30.2% had low knowledge of shisha smoking harm. Importantly, more than two-fifth of them were
current users of shisha. Low risk-perception about shisha and social acceptability were significantly contributed to the
high prevalence of shisha smoking among the youth. Conclusion: It is important to provide exposure to education
related to shisha hazards and increase the awareness of students and the public about the health effects of shisha smoking.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88771_65d512bb08f150323060855bebbe5318.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Comparative Study of Blood, Tissue and Serum Levels of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Detection in Breast Cancer297929858879010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2979ENNedaMoazzezyMolecular Biology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-3054-6800SaeidBouzariMolecular Biology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.ManaOloomiMolecular Biology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-4723-5021Journal Article20190418Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection was evaluated in breast cancer (BC). The statistical
correlation between the CEA mRNA and clinico-pathological features in the peripheral blood (PB) and tissue samples
of BC was assessed. Materials and Methods: RT-PCR (Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) analysis was
applied to study the expression of CEA in PB of 30 healthy females and 30 patients with operable BC before receiving
any therapy, as well as in the tissue of 30 BC patients. Results: CEA was observed in a number of normal subjects, but
there was a significant difference between the patients and controls. The detected CEA mRNA from tissue samples were
the same as PB of patients and a correlation was observed between the CEA mRNA in PB and tissue samples (Pearson
chi-square = 8.62, P=0.003). In the PB, CEA mRNA was significantly different in HER-2 (-)/HR (+) compare with
HER-2(+)/HR (-) tumor group (p=0.026). Finally, CEA in serum was also significantly different in HER-2(-)/HR (+)
compared with HER-2(+)/HR (+) and HER-2(+)/HR (-) subtypes (p=0.008 and p=0.043, respectively). Conclusion:
CEA mRNA evaluation is diagnostically valuable as a breast cancer marker. Additionally, CEA can significantly
improve the sensitivity of diagnosis.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88790_a8d1b1172d2f2a5d0c0d0281b38db1a4.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cervical Dysplasia among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Sero-Positive Females on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Enugu, Southeastern, Nigeria298729948877310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2987ENCornelius OsinachiOguDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria.Peter UwadiegwuAchukwuDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria.Peter OnubiweNkwoDepartment of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria.Journal Article20190508Objective: Evaluation of prevalence and risk factors of cervical dysplasia among Human Immunodeficiency Virus
sero-positive (HIV+ve) females on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) attending HIV clinic at University of
Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu, Southeastern, Nigeria. Methods: Structured questionnaire was used to obtain
socio-demographic and risk factors data. Cervical specimens were collected from 105 HIV +ve females on HAART and
104 HIV seronegative (HIV–ve) females. Pap smears were collected using cytobrush and Ayre’s spatula in a secluded
place. Smears were made on slides and placed in 95% ethyl alcohol for conventional Pap staining and the cytobrush
washed into the preservative containers for later Immunocytochemistry staining. Blood samples were used for HIV
screening. Immunocytochemistry activity using anti-P16INK4A was carried out on the Pap smears that were positive
for cervical dysplasia. Results: Pap staining showed prevalence of cervical dysplasia among HIV+ve on HAART
19.05%, (ASCUS 14.29%, LSIL 3.81%, HSIL 0.95%) whereas HIV-ve was 6.73%, p = 0.008. Only the HSIL 0.95%
was positive for P16INK4A. Odds ratios at 95% Confident Interval of the risk factors of cervical dysplasia were thus;
HIV+ve, 3.26 (1.31-8.09), education less than secondary school 3.23 (1.25-8.37), polygamy 3.23 (1.25-8.37), smoking
1.36 (0.15-12.10), married 2.08 (0.43-2.31), grand multi gravidity 1.72 (0.72-4.11), grand multi parity 1.54 (0.66-3.61),
positive history of sexually transmitted diseases 2.49 (1.06-5.80). Uptake of cervical cancer screening was low in both
study groups, 7 (6.7%) among HIV+ve on HAART and 14 (13.5%) among HIV-ve females, P = 0.102. Conclusion:
HAART had cytoprotective effect against cervical dysplasia in HIV+ve females, by reducing progression of ASCUS to
LSIL, HSIL and cervical cancer. Progression from normal to ASCUS increased which could be due to latency or/and
prolonged persistent high risk HPV and HIV infections, of the most sexually active age group before diagnosed of HIV.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88773_acd52687fb956164ddc1e30aaa521575.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Skeletal Muscle Mass Reduction Velocity as a Simple Prognostic Indicator for Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Receiving Second-Line Chemotherapy299530008877210.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.2995ENTakashiNagaiDepartment of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.Department of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo City, Japan.TakuNaikiDepartment of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.KeitaroIidaDepartment of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.SatoshiNozakiDepartment of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.ToshikiEtaniDepartment of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.YosukeSugiyamaDepartment of Pharmacy, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.RyosukeAndoDepartment of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.TakahiroYanaseDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo City, Japan.RyosukeChayaDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo City, Japan.YoshinobuMoritokiDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo City, Japan.0000-0002-9185-8381DaichiKobayashiDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo City, Japan.HidetoshiAkitaDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo City, Japan.TakehikoOkamuraDepartment of Urology, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Anjo City, Japan.0000-0003-0954-3995TakahiroYasuiDepartment of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.Journal Article20190508Background: Patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) have an uncertain prognosis. The aim of the
current study was to evaluate the prognostic potential of a skeletal muscle mass reduction index measured by computed
tomography (CT) for mUC patients undergoing second-line gemcitabine and docetaxel (GD) chemotherapy. Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed 44 patients with mUC who received second-line GD chemotherapy between 2006 and
2015 in our hospital. Skeletal muscle area (SMA) at the third lumbar vertebra was measured using CT images obtained
from medical records, and a skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated for each patient as: SMI = SMA / height2.
Changes in SMI across timepoints (SMI inclination) were calculated as: SMI inclination = [( SMI/SMI)/duration of
the interval between imaging visits]. Patients were then divided into two groups: a “steep” group (SMI inclination <
-0.01) and a “gentle” group (SMI inclination ≥ -0.01). Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards
regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between SMI inclination and overall survival (OS). Results:
There were no differences in patient characteristics between the two groups with respect to median age, gender, Eastern
Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS), disease control rate or first-line treatment regimen. OS
from the start of second-line GD therapy group was significantly shorter in the “steep” group relative to the “gentle”
group. The multivariate analysis revealed that “steep” SMI inclination and presence of anemia were strong predictors
of poor prognosis. Conclusion: Higher values of SMI inclination, indicating a faster rate of skeletal muscle mass
reduction, may serve as a useful predictive marker for OS in mUC patients undergoing second-line GD chemotherapy.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88772_5bb51ce81af55d394e1036899b0e73a2.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Aberrant Promoter Hypermethylation of RASSF1a and BRCA1 in Circulating Cell-Free Tumor DNA Serves as a Biomarker of Ovarian Carcinoma300130058877510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3001ENSandeep KumarSDepartment of Biochemistry, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology,
Bangalore, Karnataka, India.0000-0002-4105-6356Shalini NSwamyDepartment of Biochemistry, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology,
Bangalore, Karnataka, India.https://orcid.org/00C SPremalathaDepartment of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology,
Bangalore, Karnataka, India.V RPallaviDepartment of Gynaeconcology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.RameshGawariDepartment of Biochemistry, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology,
Bangalore, Karnataka, India.Journal Article20190508Objective: Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in women. Ovarian cancer is diagnosed at
the late stages and generally relapses within 12-14 months of cytoreductive surgery. This is attributed to lack of precise
molecular detection methodologies to detect and track the disease. Epigenetic alteration such as aberrant promoter
hypermethylation is an important early event that occurs during cancer development and progression. This study focuses
on development of a minimally invasive methylation marker that could be used for detection and prognosis of ovarian
cancer patients. Methods: Aberrant promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1a and BRCA1 was assessed in circulating
DNA of 72 EOC patients using methylation-specific PCR. The findings were correlated with various clinicopathological
parameters. Statistical analysis was done using the Fisher exact test and chi-square test. Results: The aberrant methylation
patterns of RASSF1a and BRCA1 was identified to be present in the cancerous samples. A total of 31.9 % and 56.9%
methylation was observed for RASSF1a and BRCA1 respectively. A striking 50% methylation of BRCA1 was identified
in the benign sample cohort, which marks the significance of assessing the hypermethylation pattern to detect cancer at
its early stages. Methylation of the two tumor suppressor genes was evident across various stages and grades of ovarian
tumors suggesting that this could also help as a prognostic marker. Conclusion: The results of the current study hold
significance since the hypermethylation patterns can be identified in the cell-free circulating tumor DNA from a small
volume of blood plasma and is a simple and minimally-invasive method. Assessment of hypermethylation patterns of
a panel of TSG along with the existing screening markers could aid in better diagnosis and management of the disease.
It could also aid in designing specifically tailored treatment strategies to fight the disease.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88775_6f68a3e1ab65900d1c86b22bb7517023.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Sorafenib- Taurine Combination Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells: Immunological Aspects300730138879210.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3007ENAhmed MAfifiDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.Ahmed MEl-HusseinyDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.0000-0002-5312-116XReda HTabashyDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.Mohamed AKhalilDepartment of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.Motawa EEl-HouseiniDepartment of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20190513Sorafenib (Sor) is a multi-kinase inhibitor. It is recommended for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC). However, Sor has severe and marked side effects. On the other hand, taurine (Tau) has been shown to enhance
the therapeutic effects of cancer chemotherapy and also to enhance the function of leukocytes.
Here, we aimed to investigate the enhancing efficacy of Sor as well as minimizing its marked side effects by
using Tau in combination in an immunological aspect. We evaluated the influence of Sor and Tau combination on the
expression pattern of FOXP3 gene in HepG2 cells compared to peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMCs) as
control normal cells. Also, the levels of TGF-β and IL-10 released in culture media of both cells were determined. Our
results revealed that, Tau reduced cytotoxicity of Sor on PBMC indicated by lactic dehyrogenase (LDH) release assay.
In addition, Sor-Tau combination led to FOXP3 down-regulation in hepatic cancer cells (HepG2). The results showed
also that, TGF-β levels decreased significantly in their culture media. In contrary, the cytokine increased in PBMCs
culture media. Moreover, IL-10 was significantly elevated in the culture media of both cells. This study could open new
avenues for the improvement of therapeutic efficacy of Sorafenib treated HCC patients by using Tau in combination.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88792_b80b1eb3aaefbf776e1d148fee3a19e3.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Association Between Family Support, Coping Strategies and Anxiety in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy at General Hospital in Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia301530198878010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3015ENDina KeumalaSariNutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia.0000-0002-1442-5304RatnaDewiMaster of Nursing Program, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia.WardiahDaulayPsychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia.Journal Article20190522Objective: This study aims to test the association between family support and coping strategies and anxiety at Dr.
Pirngadi General Hospital Medan. Methods: The study was a correlational descriptive study with a cross-sectional
approach. The samples were 102 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, who were selected through purposive
sampling technique. Data was collected using a family support questionnaire instrument developed based on the
concept of the House and Friedman theory, a coping strategy questionnaire modified from the Revised Ways of Coping
questionnaire by Folkman and Lazarus, and an anxiety questionnaire modified from the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale
(HAM-A). Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Product Moment correlation coefficient to test the association
between family support, coping strategies, and anxiety. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the logistic regression
test to investigate dominant variables associated with coping strategies and anxiety. Results: The results of the bivariate
analysis showed a significant positive association (p=0.001) and strong correlation (r=0.612) between family support
and Problem Focused Coping (PFC) strategy, while there was a significant negative association (p=0.001) and moderate
correlation (r=-0.462) with the Emotion Focused Coping (EFC) strategy. A significant negative association (p=0.001)
and strong correlation (r=-0.646) was found between family support and anxiety. The multivariate analysis showed a
dominant association (p = 0.001) between family support with PFC strategy (OR = 12.2), EFC (OR = 0.142), and anxiety
(OR = 0.039). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that there was an association between good family
support and effective coping strategies and lower anxiety levels in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. These
results can be an input for health services to increase family support for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in
combination with effective coping strategies to decrease anxiety levels.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88780_2abe760b692de95858d2e50e86d6f690.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Replacing Iodine Staining with Size of Lesion: The Performance of Modified Reid Colposcopic Index302130288879910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3021ENSathoneBoonlikitDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine,
Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand.PornrapeeArnontDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pathum Thani Hospital, Pathum Thani, Thailand.Journal Article20190528Aim: This study of diagnostic accuracy aimed to assess the performance of authors’ proposing colposcopic index
for detecting histological diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2 or worse). Methods:
Retrospective analysis of data was carried out on medical records of women who underwent colposcopy in Rajavithi
hospital from January 2007 to December 2014. The authors’ proposed score included the first 3 criteria of RCI (margin,
color, vascular pattern) and replacing the last RCI criterion (iodine staining) with the detail of size and location of a
lesion which was retrospectively retrieved from medical records. Total score for detecting any lesion was ranged from
0-8, similar to the RCI. Performance of the score was assessed for sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative
predictive values at every cut-off level. Results: Among 207 eligible women, 87 (42%) had CIN2 or worse. Cut-off level
of score ≥ 6 had a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 54.0%,97.5%,94.0%,74.5%,
respectively while cut-off value ≥ 2 had sensitivity , specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 94.2% ,55.8%
,60.7%, and 93.0%, respectively, for histological diagnosis of CIN 2 or worse. The area under ROC curve was 0.88. In
women with type 3 T-zone, the area under ROC curve was 0.94 which was excellent. Conclusion: The performance
of the colposcopic score that replaces iodine staining with the size and location of the lesion is good and practical.
High cut-off level can be used in see and treat approach for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Low cut-off
level may be used for omitting biopsy in case of low grade impression. This scoring system seems to have greater
performance in womens with type 3 T- zone.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88799_39202388428de5e638016647a888bffc.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Intergenerational Transfer of Tobacco Use Behaviour from Parent to Child: A Case Control Study302930358875810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3029ENChandrashekarJanakiramDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita University, Kerala, India.0000-0003-1907-8708VinitaSanjeevanDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita University, Kerala, India.JoeJosephDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita University, Kerala, India.Journal Article20190605Background: Parental influence may be a strong modifiable risk factor in the initiation of Tobacco habits
among young adults. Parenting style may modify the risk of initiation of Tobacco use. Objective: To examine the
intergenerational transfer of Tobacco habits amongst the urban and tribal populations in Kerala. Methodology: A
hospital based unmatched case control study was undertaken in urban and tribal health centres in Kerala, India. 239
cases (19-30 years of age using any form of Tobacco, 64.10% males) and 256 controls (35.90% males) were enrolled.
Parental Tobacco exposure ascertainment was done by conducting in depth interviews using a validated structured
questionnaire, parent bonding instrument and life grid technique. Multiple logistic regressions were performed. Results:
The odds of a case initiating the habit of Tobacco use was nearly four times more when the parent was a Tobacco
user [adjusted OR 4.26 (95% CI 2.39 – 7.58)] as opposed to controls. Among other covariates examined, low parental
bonding with subject (especially father- warmth/care) was a strong risk factor for Tobacco usage [OR 2.17 (95% 1.11
– 4.23)]. The cases had nearly four times the probability of Tobacco uptake compared to controls if the mothers had
no formal schooling [adjusted OR of 3.93 (95% CI, 2.12 – 7.26)]. Conclusion: Parental use of Tobacco influences the
uptake of Tobacco habits in their children, with the father’s parenting (low paternal warmth) being a strong risk factor.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88758_46cbc139667ec8f6b14dbef763e3b067.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Association of Mouse Double Minute 2 -309T>G Polymorphism with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in an Iranian Population: A Case- Control Study303730418878910.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3037ENMonaSoleymannejadDepartment of Biology, Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.Mohammad HassanSheikhhaDepartment of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.HosseinNeamatzadehDepartment of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.Journal Article20190606Background: Genetic factors play a substantial role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) etiology. Overexpression of
the mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) gene has been explored in many tumors. However, the role of MDM2 -309T>G
(rs2279744) polymorphism in AML remains unclear. We have performed this study to examine the association of MDM2
-309T>G with AML in an Iranian population. Methods: We have examined the association of N MDM2 -309T>G
polymorphism in 73 cases diagnosed with AML and 80 healthy controls by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation
system (ARMS) PCR assay. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated on the risk genotypes
and alleles. Results: The TT, GG and GG genotypes of MDM2 -309T>G polymorphism in patients were 32.9%, 23.2%
and 43.9%, while in controls were 86.2%, 7.5% and 6.3%, respectively. Moreover, Frequency of mutant allele (G)
was 55.6% in cases with AML and 10.0% in controls. The mutant homozygote genotype (GG) was associated with an
increased susceptibility to AML (OR 1.471; 95% CI: 1.062-1.844; p=0.004). Conclusion: Our results showed that the
MDM2 -309T>G polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of AML in the Iranian population.
Thus, the MDM2 -309T>G polymorphism might be useful genetic susceptibility factors in the pathogenesis of AML.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88789_58a17b53cdb300da023fe0613d3b1492.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Minichromosome Maintenance Complex (MCM) Genes Profiling and MCM2 Protein Expression in Cervical Cancer Development304330498875710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3043ENGurjeetKaurInstitute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.0000-0002-6232-5703Shandra DeviBalasubramaniamInstitute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.Yung JenLeeInstitute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.VenugopalBalakrishnanInstitute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.Chern EinOonInstitute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.Journal Article20190607Objective: Minichromosome maintenance complex (MCM) proteins are essential for the process of DNA replication<br /> and cell division. This study aimed to evaluate MCM genes expression profiles and MCM2 protein in HPV-associated<br /> cervical carcinogenesis. Methodology: MCM2, 4, 5 and 7 genes expression profiles were evaluated in three cervical<br /> tissue samples each of normal cervix, human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected low grade squamous intraepithelial<br /> lesion (LSIL), high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), using Human<br /> Transcriptome Array 2.0 and validated by nCounter® PanCancer Pathway NanoString Array. Immunohistochemical<br /> expression of MCM2 protein was semi-quantitatively assessed by histoscore in tissue microarrays containing 9 cases of<br /> normal cervix, 10 LSIL, 10 HSIL and 42 cases of SCC. Results: MCM2, 4, 5 and 7 genes expressions were upregulated<br /> with increasing fold change during the progression from LSIL to HSIL and the highest in SCC. MCM2 gene had the<br /> highest fold change in SCC compared to normal cervix. Immunohistochemically, MCM2 protein was localised in<br /> the nuclei of basal cells of normal cervical epithelium and dysplastic-neoplastic cells of CIN and SCC. There was a<br /> significant difference in MCM2 protein expression between the histological groups (P = 0.039), and histoscore was the<br /> highest in HSIL compared to normal cervix (P = 0.010). Conclusion: The upregulation of MCM genes expressions in<br /> cervical carcinogenesis reaffirms MCM as a proliferative marker in DNA replication pathway, whereby proliferation of<br /> dysplastic and cancer cells become increasingly dysregulated and uncontrolled. A strong expression of MCM2 protein<br /> in HSIL may aid as a concatenated screening tool in detecting pre-cancerous cervical lesions.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88757_72b2adde7c405dac4aadc5a9cd3c76ac.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Clinico-Pathological Characteristics and Mutational Analysis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors from India: A Single Institution Experience305130558878410.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3051ENSachinMinhasDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.SunitaBhallaDepartment of Pathology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.MayankJauhriDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.MadhusudanGanvirDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.ShyamAggarwalDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.Journal Article20190624Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common type of mesenchymal neoplasm of
gastrointestinal tract. The incidence of GIST in India is not known and its treatment strategy in our country is largely
derived from studies in other global populations. Some of the most important features of this type of cancer include its
size, site of origin, mitotic index, histology and Immunohistochemistry. In this report we have studied these parameters
in the Indian GIST patients presenting at our center. Additionally, we have also studied the mutational spectrum of these
GISTs by next generation sequencing. Methods: Thirty one Indian patients of GIST were enrolled in this study and
information regarding age, gender, tumor location and size was collected from their records. Immunohistochemistry
studies were performed by the pathologist. Mutational analysis of these samples was performed by next generation
sequencing. Results and Discussion: The most common site of GIST occurrence in our study was stomach. The tumor
size for all 31 patients ranged between 0.6 cms to 20 cms. A spindle-cell pattern was present in 24 out of 31 of the cases.
29 out of 31 subjects were positive for CD117 expression. C-KIT was the most highly mutated gene indentified in our
patients. Apart from these findings we observed many similarities as well as dissimilarities between the results of our
study and literature published previously. Conclusions: The dissimilarities in the results of our study and published
literature could be attributed to the genetic or ethnic differences that exist between the Indian population and other global
populations. The results of our study warrant a need to conduct studies of GIST in a much larger population of India.
Such large scale studies may also help in better treatment and/or prevention of GIST in developing countries like India.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88784_2880bc0e921340880b02bb85c51b729a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Assessment of the Antitumor Potentiality of Newly Designed Steroid Derivatives: Pre-Clinical Study305730708879310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3057ENDina SEl-KadyDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Naglaa AAliDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Alaa HSayedDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Department of Applied
Medical Sciences, Community College in Al-Qurayyat, Al-Jouf University, KSA.Mervat MAbdelhaliemDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Gamal AElmegeedDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Hanaa HAhmedDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20190626Cancer is recognized as one of the most prevalent contributors to mortality in several nations and it remains one of
the common health issues globally. In particular, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a public health problem
along with the increase of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) virus infections. Based on this fact, our study
goaled to synthesize newly hybrid drugs containing heterocyclic rings incorporated to steroid moiety and to examine
the potential antitumor activity of the newly designed heterosteroid derivatives against HCC induced in animal model.
Several heterocyclic steroids were synthesized 2-7 and confirmed via the analytical and spectral data (IR, 1H NMR13C
NMR and Mass spectroscopy). Compounds 3, 4, and 5 were chosen to be investigated as anticancer agents in HCC rat
model by means of validated biomarkers (alfa –fetoprotein, endoglin, lipocali-2 and heat shock protein-70). Following
administration of compounds 3, 4 or 5, availability of the active tumor marker molecules was significantly dropped and
a substantial decrease of the angiogenic and inflammatory mediators was also evident. These findings were supported
by the histological examination of liver tissue. Taken together, this study indicates the potential anticancer activity
of the newly synthesized heterosteroid derivatives against HCC in vivo. The antitumor activity of these compounds
was likely attributable to modulating some signal transduction pathways involved in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and
inflammation.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88793_6f3690b0d435de5760f02b87c3cf8f84.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Liver Pathology in Rats Treated with Newcastle Disease Virus Strains AF2240 and V4-UPM307130758879410.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3071ENRowa MohammedAssayaghiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Sana'a,
Yemen.Aied MohammedAlabsiFaculty of dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia.GumballiSwethadriDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kota Campus, Terengganu, Malaysia.Abdul ManafAliFaculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin,Kota Campus, Terengganu, Malaysia.Journal Article20190702Background: Treatment of cancer with chemo-radiotherapy causes severe side effects due to cytotoxic effects
towards normal tissues which often results in morbidity. Therefore, developing anticancer agents which can selectively
target the cancer cells and cause less side effects are the main objectives of the new therapeutic strategies for treatment
advanced or metastatic cancers. Newcastle disease virus strains AF2240 and V4-UPM were shown to be cytolytic
against various cancer cells in-vitro and very effective as antileukemicagents. Methods: 45 rats at 6 weeks of age, were
randomly assigned to nine groups with 5 rats in each group, both azoxymethane (AOM) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)
were given to rats according to the body weight. NDV virus strains (AF2240 and V4-UPM) doses were determined to
rats according to CD50 resulted from MTT assay. After 8 doses of NDV strians and 5-FU, tissue sections preparations
and histopathological study of rats’ organs were done. Results: In this article morphological changes of rats’ organs,
especially in livers, after treatment with a colon carcinogen (azoxymethane) and Newcastle disease virus strains
have been recorded. We observed liver damage caused by AOM evidenced by morphological changes and enzymatic
elevation were protected by the oncolytic viruses sections. Also we found that combination treatment NDV with 5-FU
had greater antitumor efficacy than treatment with NDV or 5-FU alone. Conclusion: We noted morphological changes
in liver and other rats’ organs due to a chemical carcinogen and their protection by NDV AF2240 and NDV V4-UPM
seems to be most protective.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88794_666b4fb09e3b48b951cca23a23685afd.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Evaluation of Lymphedema Prevention Protocol on Quality of Life among Breast Cancer Patients with Mastectomy307730848876510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3077ENDr S PunithaJosephineDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Nursing, Kancheepuram-Dt.The Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University,Guindy, Chennai, India.0000-0001-5991-8180Journal Article20190710Objective: Lymphedema is a widespread complication after surgery or radiation therapy due to the damage and
obstruction of the lymphatic vessels. A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of lymphedema prevention
protocol on quality of life among breast cancer patients with mastectomy at a selected hospital in Tamil Nadu.
Objectives of the study were to identify the effect of lymphedema prevention protocol on lymphedema occurrence and
quality of life. Methods: A quantitative research approach of quasi experimental non-equivalent with control group
before –after design (Non randomized) was used. The investigator had included 120 participants by using purposive
sampling technique which included 60 each in study and comparison group. Pre test was done before the intervention of
lymphedema prevention protocol to both comparison and study group participants. Lymphedema prevention protocol
was implemented for study group whereas comparison group received routine care. Post tests 1, 2, 3, and 4 were done by
using the structured questionnaire at 10th day, 30th, 60th and 90th post operative day respectively. Subjects’ responses were
coded and statistically analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The comparison of quality of life
between study and comparison group over a period of time were statistically significant at p< 0.001 whereas lymphedema
occurrence was significant at p< 0.01. Conclusion: The early execution of preventive measures of lymphedema prevents
the lymphedema occurrence and promotes the quality of life among patients undergone mastectomy.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88765_7b5ec33edf45fc5f439c430b878a87fe.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Oncology Information System: A Qualitative Study of Users’ Requirements308530918879510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3085ENAzaehYazdanianSchool of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.0000.0002.0216.1065HalehAyatollahiHealth Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AzinNahvijouCancer Research Center of Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20190715Background: Cancer care is a complex care process and is associated with generating a variety of data during the
care process. Therefore, it seems that designing and using information systems is necessary to enhance the accessibility,
organization and management of cancer-related data. The aim of this study was to identify users’ requirements of an
oncology information system (OIS). Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in 2018. In depth semi-structured
interviews were performed with clinicians and non-clinicians in five teaching hospitals to identify users’ requirements.
Data were analyzed by using framework analysis. Results: The four themes emerged from data analysis included: a)
methods of recording cancer data in the hospitals, b) required cancer data in different departments, c) comprehensive
cancer care documentation, and d) required functions of an oncology information system. Conclusion: According
to the results, currently, electronic documentation is less frequently used for cancer patients. Therefore, an extensive
effort is needed to identify users’ requirements before designing and implementing an oncology information system.
As multidisciplinary teams are involved in cancer care, all potential users and their requirements should be taken into
account. Such a system can help to collect and use cancer data effectively.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88795_186092a95e573e7b03d61089b4d952ba.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Influence of DPYD*9A, DPYD*6 and GSTP1 ile105val Genetic Polymorphisms on Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin (CAPOX) Associated Toxicities in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients309331008877010.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3093ENAshokVarma KDepartment of Pharmacology,JIPMER, Puducherry, India.MJayanthiDepartment of Pharmacology,JIPMER, Puducherry, India.BiswajitDubashiDepartment of Medical Oncology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.D GShewadeDepartment of Pharmacology,JIPMER, Puducherry, India.Journal Article20190717Aim: CAPOX treatment in CRC patients was reported to cause several dose-limiting toxicities, and are found
responsible for treatment interruption or even discontinuation. Therefore there is a critical need for identifying the
predictive biomarkers for such toxicities to prevent them. The aim of our present study is to find the influence of
DPYD*9A, DPYD*6 and GSTP1 ile105val gene polymorphisms on CAPOX treatment-associated toxicities in south
Indian patients with CRC. Patients and Methods: We have recruited 145 newly diagnosed and treatment naive CRC
patients in the study. Each Patient received a standard treatment schedule of oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 infusion over 2
hours on day 1 and oral capecitabine 1000mg/m2 in divided doses twice daily for the next 14 days of a 21-day cycle. 5
ml of the venous blood was collected from each patient and genomic DNA extraction and genotyping. The genotyping
analysis of the selected genetic polymorphisms was carried out by real-time PCR using TaqMan SNP genotyping
assays obtained from applied biosystems. Results: The major dose-limiting toxicities observed with CAPOX treatment
were thrombocytopenia, HFS and PN. DPYD*9A carries were found to be at higher risk for HFS, diarrhoea and
thrombocytopenia when compared to patients with wild allele. No significant association was found between DPYD*6,
GSTP1 ile105val polymorphisms and CAPOX related toxicities except for thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: A significant
association was observed between DPYD*9A polymorphism and CAPOX induced dose-limiting toxicities strengthening
its role as a predictive biomarker.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88770_19cf3f6b79de07837b2b2ae097410ccc.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Negative Impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency on Breast Cancer Survival310131068878210.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3101ENSomchaiThanasitthichaiBreast Division, Department of Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.Department of Research, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.AreePrasitthipayongDepartment of Pathological, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.KrittikaBoonmarkDepartment of Research, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.WichaiPurisaDepartment of Research, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.KamolchanokGuayraksaDepartment of Research, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.Journal Article20190719Background: Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in serum are associated with breast cancer risk. This
study was conducted to determine the impact of 25(OH)D deficiency on survival of breast cancer patients. Methods:
In a retrospective cohort study of 303 patients diagnosed with breast cancer during 2011-2012 at the National Cancer
Institute Thailand, all cases were followed up for 7 years. The 25(OH)D was measured by high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC). Clinical and pathological data were collected. The Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier and Cox
regression model were used to assess the association between 25(OH)D levels and risk of death. Results: Of the 303
cases aged between 24 and 78 years 51 (16.8%) died during follow-up from any cause. The mean 25(OH)D levels was
25.1±7.54 ng/ml (8.2 – 61.0 ng/ml). Thirty-three patients (10.9%) were stratified as inadequate or deficient group (<16
ng/ml) with mean survival time of 60.65 months compared to 76.24 months in insufficient or sufficient group (≥16 ng/
ml). Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, stage, lymph node metastases, and immunohistochemical
(IHC) findings (ER, PgR, HER-2, Ki-67 and P53) showed that patients with low 25(OH)D levels (<16 ng/ml) at diagnosis
had a significantly higher risk of death (hazard ratio = 2.5-2.9) than the group with high 25(OH)D levels (≥16 ng/
ml). Conclusion: A concentration of 25(OH)D below 16 ng/ml was found to be independently associated with poor
survival in breast cancer patients, regardless of age, lymph node status, stage or breast cancer subtype. An investigation
of potential benefit of 25(OH)D supplements appears warranted.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88782_ec2d70509b2dcbe4f92dd639d7492694.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Health- Related Quality of Life Among Jordanian Adolescent Cancer Patients Receiving Active Treatment310731118878110.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3107ENSaadAl-NassanDepartment of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.NoorAl-BitarDepartment of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.DhuhaSaadDepartment of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.AmaniZahranDepartment of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.FelasteenElayyanDepartment of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.ShereenAl-AwadiDepartment of Pediatric Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.KawtherKhaleifehDepartment of Pediatric Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.AnwarAl-NassanDepartment of Pediatric Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.0000-0002-2246-4100Journal Article20190720Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate quality of life among adolescents diagnosed with malignancies and
currently undergoing treatment in the age group of 13-18 years old. Method: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional
design. Participants were recruited from the pediatric oncology department at King Hussein Cancer Center in Jordan.
The Arabic version of self-report (adolescent 13-18) pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQLTM ) 4.0 Generic Core
Scale was used. Results: Eighty patients were enrolled in the study. The total score of PedsQL 4.0 generic core was
62.0 (SD=16.5). The highest score was for social functioning (mean=85.4, SD=18.4) and the lowest score was school
functioning (mean=39.5, SD=28.4). Females had significantly higher scores for health-related quality of life (HRQOL)
in school functioning. Type of tumor did not affect HRQOL. Outpatient participants had significantly higher scores for
HRQOL in all domains, except in school functioning where inpatients had a significantly higher score. Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal the HRQOL scores for Jordanian adolescents with cancer.
Addressing the special needs in such a unique age group is essential when planning a comprehensive care plan for a
better quality of life.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88781_a9a1474b47c6a1b92f11b847502c9394.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Health-Related Quality of Life among Egyptian Female Breast Cancer Patients at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University311331198878310.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3113ENAmira IKhaterDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.Maissa KNoamanDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.Marwa NAbdel HafizDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.Manar MMoneerDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.0000-0002-3060-8653Inas AElattarDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.Journal Article20190720Background: To measure the quality of life (QoL) of Egyptian females with breast cancer (BC) at the National
Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University (CU) and its relations with the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.
Methods: A total of 200 female BC patients were recruited from the medical oncology outpatient clinic during a period
from December 2015 to March 2018. The instrument of this study consisted of two parts: the first for Socio-demographic
and clinicopathological characteristics, and the second was the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast for
patients with Lymphedema (FACT-B+4) questionnaire. Results: The majority of the study participants were married,
housewives, and without a family history of cancer (70.0%, 93.0%, and 63.0%, respectively). Most of them presented
with breast mass, had IDC, grade II and disease stage III at diagnosis (89.0%, 84.5%, 85.6% and 56.8%, respectively)
and had undergone modified radical mastectomy, received adjuvant chemotherapy, radiation, and hormonal therapy
(62.0%, 83.8%, 73.5% and 60.5%, respectively). The median FACT-B score was 81 (range 35-133). The medians of
subscales were: physical well-being 13 (range 0-28), social well-being 20 (range 0-28), emotional well-being 15 (range
2-24), and functional well-being 16 (range 2-28). The median score for breast subscale was 19 (range 2-32). Many
factors affected the QoL scores, including age, marital status, occupation, smoking, residence, comorbidities, symptoms,
grade, chemotherapy, radiation, and recurrence. Conclusion: QoL of Egyptian females with BC was influenced by
several factors like age, marital status, occupation, smoking, residence, comorbidities, symptoms, grade, chemotherapy,
radiation, and recurrence.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88783_7acebf06777cfbda0f977577f6b0a97c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001SALL4 Gene Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia312131278878510.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3121ENFatma MahmoudIbraheemDepartment of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cario, Egypt.RgiaBadawyDepartment of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cario, Egypt.Mahmoud AlyAyoubDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cario, Egypt.Naglaa MostafaHassanDepartment of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cario, Egypt.0000-0002-3195-1568Marwa NabilMostafaDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cario, Egypt.Journal Article20190721Objectives: SALL4 gene was aberrantly expressed in many leukemia cell lines and primary leukemia cells of<br /> acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphomas. Its expression may be a<br /> useful marker to predict the diagnosis and the risk stratification of patients with AML. Methods: This study aimed to<br /> characterize the expression pattern of SALL4 gene in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Quantitative Real-time<br /> PCR was used to determine the expression level of the gene in peripheral blood of 52 Egyptian adult AML patients<br /> and 10 healthy control cases. Our study was done in the National Cancer Institute during the period of time between<br /> December 2014 and June 2015. Results: The observed data revealed that none of the studied controls expressed SALL4<br /> > 1.0 RQ and there was a highly statistically significant difference between cases and controls regarding SALL4 gene<br /> expression where all cases showed higher expression of SALL4 than controls with p value SALL4 is one of few genes that bridge the self-renewal properties of ESCs, normal HSCs and LSCs. Their expression<br /> is easily determined by real time PCR. They may be useful markers to predict prognosis and help to stratify patients<br /> into risk adapted groups. Further studies including increasing patient numbers are essential to understand the relations<br /> between SALL4 gene expression and its prognostic impact.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88785_0ba453ce41d07395382b955dc5e5ab72.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Acute Stage Longitudinal Change of Quality of Life from Pre- to 3 Months after Surgical Treatment in Head and Neck Cancer Patients312931368877610.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3129ENYuichiTashimoDivision of Oral Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Showa University, School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.0000-0001-7961-2445YoshiakiIharaDivision of Oral Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Showa University, School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.0000-0002-4324-2670KenYuasaDivision of Oral Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Showa University, School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.ShinjiNozueDivision of Oral Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Showa University, School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.YoshiroSaitoHead
and Neck Oncology Center, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.HideyukiKatsutaHead
and Neck Oncology Center, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.ToshikazuShimaneHead
and Neck Oncology Center, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.KojiTakahashiDivision of Oral Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Special Needs Dentistry, Showa University, School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.Journal Article20190725Purpose: Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients experience various posttreatment side effects that decrease quality
of life (QOL). Some previous study reported that QOL of HHC patients were returned baseline (before treatment) after
a year post treatment. However, acute stage longitudinal changes of QOL in HNC patients remains unclear. This point
might be important for early reintegration of HNC patients. This study aimed to investigate the acute stage longitudinal
change of the relationship between QOL and oral function in HNC patients had surgery. Methods: 45 HNC patients
(23 men) scheduled for surgical treatment were enrolled in this study. Primary tumor sites were 22 tongue, 5 maxilla, 4
mandible, 3 pharynx and others. Weight, body mass index (BMI), whole body soft lean mass (SLM), and skeletal muscle
mass (SMM) were evaluated as muscle mass-related measurements. Lip closure force (LC) and tongue pressure (TP)
were evaluated as oral function measurements. Feeding function was evaluated using the Functional Oral Intake Scale
(FOIS). QOL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL Questionnaire
QLQ-C30 and H&N 35. Measures were evaluated at pre-surgical treatment (PT), and 1 month (1M) and 3 months (3M)
after surgery. The change of QOL parameters and relationships between measurements were assessed. Results: For
QOL assessments, role functioning, fatigue, speech problems, trouble with social eating, trouble with social contact,
and opening mouth significantly decreased from PT to 1M, but significantly increased from 1M to 3M. Weight, BMI,
SLM, SMM, LC, TP, and FOIS demonstrated significant relationships with QOL from PT to 1M. Meanwhile, from 1M
to 3M, weight, BMI, SLM, SMM, LC, and FOIS showed significant relationships with QOL assessments. Conclusions:
Both oral function and muscle mass-related measurements significantly affected QOL in HNC patients.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88776_a2493b3e63d49f987538fe4cd1f3b3b1.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Prevalent Prostate Cancer in the South Korea313731448879710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3137ENHee-WonHurDepartment of Public Health, Graduate School of Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.0000-0003-3387-126XSo-YeonRyuDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University
Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.0000-0001-5006-1192JongParkDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University
Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.0000-0003-3353-3543Seong-WooChoiDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Chosun University
Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.0000-0002-6150-3934Journal Article20190726Background: Prostate cancer prevalence recently has increased among male adults in South Korea. But, few study
has evaluated the reason. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between socioeconomic status and prevalent prostate
cancer. Methods: This study enrolled 16,215 males aged 40 years and over who took part in the Korean National Health
and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016. In addition, we obtained the 2000-2016 age-standardized incidence rate
and age-standardized mortality rate of prostate cancer from the Korean Statistical Information Service. Results: After
adjusting for other covariates, prevalent prostate cancer was significantly associated with monthly household income
(OR 3.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48–9.30, for highest vs. lowest) and significantly associated with education
level (OR 3.66, 95% CI 1.54–8.70, for ≥ 13 vs. ≤ 6). In the analysis of the age-standardized incidence rate and the
age-standardized mortality rate, the age-standardized incidence rate has soared from 2000 to 2011 and then decreased
gradually, but the age-standardized mortality rate did not change. Conclusion: In our results, prevalent prostate cancer
increased significantly with socioeconomic status and the increase in prevalent prostate cancer may be attributable to
earlier detection rather than to a real increase in prevalence.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88797_5f43ebf21ea0c2e0725d47e5fb7e10ce.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Diagnostic Utility of Cytology in Assessment of Ploidy Status in Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders314531518877410.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3145ENThayalanDineshkumarDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College and Hospitals, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram, Chennai, India.0000-0001-8138-9916PrabakarSrikanthDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College and Hospitals, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram, Chennai, India.A ENagarathinamDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College and Hospitals, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram, Chennai, India.KrishnanRajkumarDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College and Hospitals, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram, Chennai, India.ShankaranPriyadhariniDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College and Hospitals, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram, Chennai, India.T AShruthiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SRM Dental College and Hospitals, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram, Chennai, India.Journal Article20190731Introduction: Oral leukoplakia, the most common potentially malignant oral disorder (PMOD) may progress to
oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although, the current standard of care for assessing its malignant potential
remains histological examination and assessing the severity of dysplasia, DNA ploidy analysis has been suggested as a
surrogate marker to predict the behaviour of PMODs. Objectives: To detect aneuploidy and to correlate ploidy status
with different grades of dysplasia in both tissue and cytology samples to predict the behaviour of these potentially
malignant disorders and to assess the diagnostic utility of cytology samples for ploidy analysis. Methodology: After
obtaining ethical clearance and consent, tissue and cytology samples of leukoplakia were collected and grouped
based on the dysplastic findings into low-risk (n=20) and high-risk (n=20). DNA ploidy analysis was done using high
resolution flow cytometry and its diagnostic utility was assessed. Results: Diagnostic utility was expressed in terms of
sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV. On comparing the ploidy status of individual cases between tissue and cytology
samples, cytology was able to accurately determine the ploidy status in majority of the cases. In the low-risk group,
cytology had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and a PPV and NPV of 100% with an overall diagnostic accuracy of
100%. Among the high-risk group, cytology had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 100% with a PPV of 100% and
NPV of 83.33% and had an overall diagnostic accuracy of 90%. Combining both groups together, it had a sensitivity
of 85.71% and specificity of 100% with a PPV of 100% and NPV of 92.31% and had an overall diagnostic accuracy
of 94.74%. Conclusion: Overall, this study showed a positive correlation between cytology and tissue samples and
ploidy and grade of dysplasia and cytology proved to be a simple and efficient with a reasonable diagnostic value.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88774_d088ec925ded452f836bf831a6033f34.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Cost- Effectiveness of Mammography Screening Program in a Resource-Limited Post-Soviet Country of Kazakhstan315331608876610.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3153ENIslamSalikhanovNazarbayev University, School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.ByronCrapeNazarbayev University, School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.PeterHowieNazarbayev University, School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.Journal Article20190806Objectives: To conduct cost effectiveness and benefit-cost analyses of the organized mammography-screening
program in the Republic of Kazakhstan comparing women who developed breast cancer in screened and unscreened
scenario. Methods: 389,352 screened women were included in the study. Among these, 895 women were further
diagnosed with breast cancer. Outcomes measures include life years saved, quality-adjusted life years, incremental
cost-effectiveness ratio, and value of statistical life year. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess uncertainty.
Results: Compared to no screening scenario, an organized mammography yielded an additional 1,253 life years and
790 quality-adjusted life years in 2016. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was equal to 3,157 USD per one
QALY saved, which is two times less than the GDP per capita in Kazakhstan in 2016. Sensitivity analysis showed that
the mammography remains cost-effective in the majority of the scenarios. Conclusion: Mammography screening in
Kazakhstan was found to be highly cost-effective, associated with treatment cost savings, and can be an efficient use
of limited resources in Kazakhstan.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88766_a09fe70c7d4ee27c857fdbb109c1aa1a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Health- Related Quality of Life for Multiple Myeloma Patients with Bone Metastases in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study316131668878610.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3161ENNutrisia AquariushintaSayutiDoctoral Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Indonesian Herbal Medicine Department, Health Polytechnic of Surakarta, Ministry of Health Indonesia, Surakarta, Indonesia.0000-0003-8181-7041Tri MurtiAndayaniDoctoral Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.DwiEndartiDoctoral Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Kartika WidayatiTaroeno-HariadiDivision of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Journal Article20190814Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) with bone metastases causes a skeletal-related event (SRE), and decreases
health-related quality of life (HRQoL). HRQoL needs to be evaluated for health technology assessment (HTA).
Furthermore, HRQoL is calculated as a health state utility and is used in the Markov Model for HTA. Therefore, this
study aimed to describe the HRQoL of MM patients with bone metastases, using The EuroQol five-dimension five levels
(EQ -5D-5L) in Indonesia. Methods: a cross-sectional, multicenter study for MM patients with bone metastases (aged
over 18 years old) that consulted a physician between November 2018 - May 2019 was conducted. The calculated
HRQoL illustrated the health state utility, which was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, with the Indonesian
value set. In addition, Mann-Whitney analyses were performed to determine the difference in utility scores at different
points within the Durie-Salmon staging system and skeletal condition. Results: in 93 patients who completed the
questioner, pain was their major concern with prevalence of over 60% (all levels inclusive). Moreover, the mean utility
of patients in stage II and III were 0.735 (SD = 0.205) and 0.383 (SD = 0.555), and those without SRE was 0.753 (SD
= 0.213) while patients with SRE was 0.302 (SD = 0.562). Therefore, the lessened values were observed at stage III
and SRE condition (p<0.05). Conclusion: MM patients with bone metastases have poor HRQoL, with pain as the
most frequently reported challenge, which is associated with an advanced stage of MM and SRE event.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88786_716731d3cd275d8dc16240f487a784ea.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Experiences of Spouses of Women with Breast Cancer: A Content Analysis316731728879110.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3167ENZeinabYounes BaraniStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.MozhganRahnamaFaculty
of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.MahinNaderifarDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.MahinBadakhshLecturer, Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.HajarNoorisanchooliDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.Journal Article20190817Introduction: In addition to the affected person, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer also severely affects her
husband. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the needs of husbands of women with breast cancer. Therefore, the
aim of the present study was to explain the experiences of spouses of women with breast cancer. Method: The present
study was a qualitative study with conventional content analysis approach. Purposive sampling was carried out by
selecting 6 spouses of women with breast cancer. Data were collected through semi-structured interview. The recorded
interviews were transcribed verbatim. Content analysis was used to reduce and name the data, obtain analytical codes,
and finally recognize the theme. Results: Data analysis resulted in the extraction of 4 categories of couples’ mental
challenges, multifaceted romantic meditation, multifaceted traumas caused by the disease, dual energies (inductions)
of relatives, and 12 subcategories. Conclusion: In spite of suffering from all the challenges and traumas, husbands
of women with breast cancer have not left their wives alone and have done their best to improve their lives; so, we
can raise ““Scarifying your life to save your wife’s life”” as an extract from the experience of spouses of women with
breast cancer. Knowing and understanding this point by clinical staffs and policy makers can provide pave the way for
planning to provide comprehensive support to these men.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88791_c61b455df1d7843119adf20ff48cd1c2.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Survey of Potential Cancer Registry Items to Enhance the Usefulness of Cancer Registry Data317331808879810.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3173ENYoo-KyungBooDepartment of Healthcare Administration, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Korea.0000-0002-1947-3620Hyun-SookLimDepartment of Public Health Administration, Hanyang Women’s University, Seoul, Korea.0000-0003-4321-6963Young-JooWonDivision of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Center,
Goyang, Korea.0000-0001-9861-6740Journal Article20190825Background: Cancer registry data can help plan for cancer services and to identify where further progress is needed,
in order to improve the lives of patients with cancer. This study investigated the possibility of collecting additional
information and the priority of the information by examining other cancer registry items. We aimed to suggest additional
data items to be collected to enhance the usefulness of cancer registry data. Methods: We examined items that could
potentially be added by comparing the cancer registration items in five foreign registries and large hospitals in Korea.
Based on the foreign and domestic hospital cancer registry data, a questionnaire survey was administered to 272
cancer registry workers nationwide and 10 cancer experts to investigate the possibility of expanding the variables. The
proportion and rank of each item were analyzed. Results: There were similar items for demographic information and
cancer diagnosis between foreign cancer registries and the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR). However, the KCCR
had fewer items for staging, treatment, and follow-up. There were 29 items to be collected with high priority. Items
under demographic information included date of birth, race and country of birth. Items for cancer diagnosis included
type of cancer, smoking history and type of pathologic test. Treatment information included the date of treatment,
chemotherapy and radiation. Items under the stage and prognostic factors included TNM stage, collaborative stage, and
comorbidities. Finally, items under follow-up information included survival, cancer state and recurrence information.
Conclusions: Cancer registration workers and cancer experts generally agreed on the need to expand the essential items
for cancer registration. The findings of this study will be useful for devising plans to expand cancer registration items.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88798_ce2194f3446bb2df248575c4b400e761.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-7368201020191001Barriers, Attitudes and Clinical Approach of Lebanese Physicians Towards HPV Vaccination; A Cross- Sectional Study318131878877710.31557/APJCP.2019.20.10.3181ENJosephAbi JaoudeFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.HalimSaadFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.LoulwaFarhaFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.HibaDagherFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.DianaKhairDepartment of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.Mohamad AliKaafaraniFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.ZeinaJamaluddineCenter for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.PatrickCherfanFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.Journal Article20190830Objectives: HPV infection is associated with the development of cervical and oropharyngeal cancer. HPV vaccination
prevents cervical cancer, but is still not part of Lebanon’s routine vaccination schedule. As such, understanding physicians’
practice towards HPV vaccination is essential. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Greater
Beirut, Lebanon to assess the barriers, attitudes and clinical approach of Lebanese physicians towards HPV vaccination.
We also aimed to analyze the factors associated with physicians’ barriers to HPV vaccination. Results: In total, 228
physicians completed the survey. Our results show that physicians and parents consider the cost of HPV vaccination to
be a main barrier (58.9% and 80.7% respectively). Also, parents tend to have concerns about vaccine safety (78.1%),
efficacy (68.6%), and lack education concerning HPV infection (81.8%). Furthermore, female physicians tend to
have fewer barriers when compared to male physicians (aOR = 0.39; p-value = 0.007). Additionally, physicians who
completed residency programs in the USA also showed fewer barriers when compared to physicians who completed
Lebanese residency programs (aOR = 0.24; p-value = 0.040). Finally, physicians with higher knowledge score have
fewer barriers when compared to those with lower knowledge scores (aOR = 0.42; p-value = 0.018). Conclusions:
Physician gender, residency program and level of knowledge play a role in HPV vaccine barriers and recommendation
in Lebanon. Future improvements in cost and awareness about HPV might improve vaccination rates. Creating uniform
practices towards HPV vaccine is warranted to improve patient care.https://journal.waocp.org/article_88777_a4b4624e00a3f5a2083bd2f585f5f54a.pdf