West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Active Tumor-Targeting by Smart Nanocarriers: A Potential Promising Approach to Overcome the Hurdles of Conventional Cancer Treatments133113328958110.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1331ENEnam AlhaghCharkhat GorgichDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-6817-8532ParisaArbabiIntensive Care Unit, Mofarah Hospital, Tehran, Iran.HoumanParsaieDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20210415https://journal.waocp.org/article_89581_8a7a814a0302cba21a5df4a451be38ec.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Impact of Underlying Comorbidities on Mortality in SARS-COV-2 Infected Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis133313498958210.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1333ENHarmanjeetKaurDepartment of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.JSThakurDepartment of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.RonikaPaikaDepartment of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.Shailesh MAdvaniCancer Prevention and Control Program, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA.Journal Article20201007Background: The evidence has shown that SARS CoV-2 infected patients with comorbidities are more likely to have severe disease sequel and mortality. In SARS-CoV-2 infected cancer patients risks associated with other underlying comorbidities might vary from those in non-cancer SARS CoV-2 infected patients. The relative impact of different underlying health conditions among patients with cancer and SARS CoV-2 infection remains yet to be explored. This systematic review aims to explore the prevalence of comorbidities among cancer patients with SARS CoV-2 infection and their impact on mortality. Methods: Online databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of science were searched for articles published between 9th July 2019 to July 8th 2020.Studies of cancer patients (>18 years) with diagnosis of SARS CoV-2 infection, published in English were included. A random-effects modelling for the meta-analyses was applied to assess the pooled prevalence and odds ratio for mortality due to comorbidities in SARS CoV-2 infected cancer patients. Results: Total 31studies with 4086 SARS-CoV-2 infectedcancer patientsmet the inclusion criteria. Most prevalent co-morbidities in cancer patients with SARS CoV-2 infection were hypertension [42.3% (95%CI:37.5- 47.0)], diabetes [17.8% (95% CI: 15.3-20.4)] and cardiovascular diseases [16.7% (95%CI:12.9-20.4)].The risk of mortality (pOR) was significantly higher in individuals with hypertension[1.6(95%CI 1.24-2.00)], cardiovascular diseases [2.2 (95%CI 1.49- 3.27)], chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases [1.4(95% CI 1.05-2.00)] and diabetes [1.35(95%CI 1.06-1.73)]. Conclusion: Our results indicates that the mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infected cancer patients is affected by preexisting non-cancer comorbidities. By identifying the comorbidities predictive for mortality, clinicians can better stratify the risk of cancer patients presenting with SARS-COV-2, on their initial contact with health services.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89582_88818a41a7dc442aa8591bc9ae0c197a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA among Men with Oropharyngeal and Anogenital Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis135113648958310.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1351ENSabeenaSasidharanpillaiManipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.0000-0002-2099-9312NagarajaRavishankarDepartment of Biostatistics, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.0000-0003-4334-819XVeenaKamathDepartment of Community Medicine, Centre for Vaccine Studies-In Charge, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India.0000-0002-0853-095XParvati VinodBhatDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr T M A Pai Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.PuneetBhattManipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.GovindakarnavarArunkumarManipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.0000-0002-3114-0415Journal Article20210210Objective: The term ‘‘Human Papillomavirus’’ or ‘‘HPV’’ has become synonymous with uterine cervical cancer leading to feminisation of all the preventive measures, especially immunisation. Taking into consideration the rising number of HPV associated cancers among men in many developed countries and the risk of transmission to women, male HPV infection is a serious concern. A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature was performed to determine the global prevalence of HPV among men with oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature was performed searching electronic databases for published articles in English between January 1984- April 2020 based on standard systematic review guidelines. The meta-analysis component was modified appropriately for the synthesis of prevalence study results. National Institutes of Health checklist for observational, cohort and cross-sectional studies was used to assess the quality of the studies selected after the abstract and content review. The meta-analysis was performed in STATA version 13.0 (College Station, Texas 77,845 USA) and the forest plots were constructed using metan package in STATA. Results: Through the electronic search of databases, 3486 original articles were screened for eligibility. Fifty-eight articles were systematically reviewed and 42 articles were qualified for meta-analysis including 4,250 men with oropharyngeal, penile and prostate cancers. The pooled prevalence of HPV DNA in oropharyngeal cancers was 45% (95%CI 24.0%-66.0%). Meanwhile the pooled prevalence rates of 48% (CI 40.0%- 57.0%) and 19% (CI 10.0%-29.0%) were observed in penile and prostate cancers respectively. Even though, articles regarding HPV prevalence in anal cancers were systematically reviewed, none of the studies were qualified for meta-analysis. Conclusion: Higher pooled prevalence of HPV DNA was observed among men with oropharyngeal and penile cancers. Multicentric molecular studies investigating the prevalence of HPV in prostate cancers have to be planned in future.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89583_4e769804f4e943cbbee97f93b766cd71.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Induction of Apoptosis by Acanthaster planci sp., and Diadema setosum sp., Fractions in Human Cervical Cancer Cell Line, HeLa136513738958410.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1365ENGul-e-SabaChaudhryInstitute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.MurniIslamiahInstitute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.Muhammad NaveedZafarDepartment of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.KamariahBakarInstitute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.NurAsnizaAzizInstitute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.JasnizatSaidinInstitute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.Yeong YikSungInstitute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.Tengku SifzizulTengku MuhammadInstitute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.Journal Article20200123Cancer is an uncontrolled multiplication of cells. The desire efficacy and severe toxicity of current anticancer drugs urge exploring and investigating a better alternative to existing chemotherapeutics. Natural products of marine origin are excellent sources of potential new drugs of enhanced biological activities. Objectives: Thus, the cytotoxic effects along with investigating the mode of cell death exerted by fractions, AP-9, AP-THR, DS-8 and DS-9 fraction of Acanthaster planci, Diadema setosum sp., on the human cervical cancer cell line, HeLa. Methods: The cytotoxicity of fractions has determined by using an MTS assay. The early and late apoptosis was studied by using the High content Screening (HCS) instrument. Results: The four fractions produced effective cytotoxicity effects with IC50 values at 72hr of less than 20 μg/ml in the order of AP-9 > DS-9 > APTHR-9 > DS-8. The fraction s exhibited cytotoxicity via mediating apoptotic mode of cell death. The early apoptosis by exposure of phosphatidylserine to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane and late apoptosis due to the presence of green stain (DNA fragmentation) in treated cells. Conclusion: The potent bioactive compounds might be responsible for inducing apoptosis in cancer cells and, thus, the potential to be a successful candidate for exploring upcoming chemotherapeutic drugs.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89584_2765b2643318c6c4e49cc3306961d54b.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Plasma Circulating Mirnas Profiling for Identification of Potential Breast Cancer Early Detection Biomarkers137513818958510.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1375ENA RashidJusohDepartment of Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.0000-0003-0209-1949Sivanesan VijayaMohanMolecular Pathology
Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.0000-0002-3223-9265TanLu PingMolecular Pathology
Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Tengku Ahmad Damitri Al Astani BinTengku DinDepartment of
Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.0000-0003-3265-1679JuharaHaronDepartment of
Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.Department of Pathology,
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.Roslini CheRomliBreast Cancer Awareness and Research Unit,
Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.HasnanJaafarDepartment of Pathology,
School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.Siti NorasikinNafiBreast Cancer Awareness and Research Unit,
Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.0000-0002-0642-0909Tuan IsmailTuan SalwaniDepartment of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains
Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.0000000277398323Maya MazuwinYahyaDepartment of
Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains
Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.0000-0002-3994-6608Journal Article20200321Objective: This study aimed to characterize the miRNA expression profiles from plasma samples of our local breast cancer patients in comparison to healthy control by using miRNA PCR Array. Methods: In this study, plasma miRNA profiles from eight early-stage breast cancer patients and nine age-matched (± 2 years) healthy controls were characterized by miRNA array-based approach, followed by differential gene expression analysis, Independent T-test and construction of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to determine the capability of the assays to discriminate between breast cancer and the healthy control. Results: Based on the 372-miRNAs microarray profiling, a set of 40 differential miRNAs was extracted regarding to the fold change value at 2 and above. We further sub grouped 40 miRNAs of breast cancer patients that were significantly expressed at 2-fold change and higher. In this set, we discovered that 24 miRNAs were significantly upregulated and 16 miRNAs were significantly downregulated in breast cancer patients, as compared to the miRNA expression of healthy subjects. ROC curve analysis revealed that seven miRNAs (miR-125b-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-27b-3p, miR-22-5p and miR-423-5p) had area under curve (AUC) value > 0.7 (AUC p-value < 0.05). Overlapping findings from differential gene expression analysis, ROC analysis, and Independent T-Test resulted in three miRNAs (miR-27b-3p, miR-22-5p, miR-145-5p). Cohen’s effect size for these three miRNAs was large with d value are more than 0.95. Conclusion: miR-27b-3p, miR-22-5p, miR-145-5p could be potential biomarkers to distinguish breast cancer patients from healthy controls. A validation study for these three miRNAs in an external set of samples is ongoing.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89585_aa48a40d2b144f4d7d95c1e2ec6c757e.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Analysing the possibility of utilizing CBCT radiomics as an independent modality: a phantom study138313918958610.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1383ENDharmendranPalaniResearch and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.0000-0003-3326-3766SenthilkumarShanmugamDepartment of Radiotherapy Government Rajaji Hospital & Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.KesavanGovindarajResearch and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.Department of Radiotherapy, Vadamalayan Hospitals Integrated Cancer Centre, Madurai, India.Journal Article20200711Aim: To verify if computed tomography (CT) radiomics were reproducible by cone beam CT (CBCT) radiomics by using Catphan® 504. Materials and Methods: Catphan® 504 was imaged using the default IGRT OBI CBCT imaging protocols and CT scanner. Seven known density image regions of the phantom were segmented and image feature was extracted by Imaging Biomarker Explorer (IBEX) software. The 49 selected features from four feature categories were analyzed by considering each region of interest (ROI) segment as individual image set. Correlation was studies using interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The ICC of the three feature categories, namely intensity, GLCM, and GLRLM was significant (p-value<0.05) in comparison with CT, while the ICC of the fourth feature category, NID, was no significant. The average absolute Pearson’s correlation coefficient from the features of the images was as follows: CT: r=0.679±0.257, CBCThead: r=0.707±0.231, CBCTthorax: r=0.643±0.260, and CBCTpelvis: r=0.594±0.276. Conclusion: It seems that the various densities of Catphan® 504 ROI image segments of the CT radiomics are reproducible with CBCT radiomics and CBCT radiomics can be used as an independent modality.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89586_6e29fa69b7e2447d869dad37cb1f5f76.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Community-based Mobile Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Rural India: Successes and Challenges for Implementation139314008958710.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1393ENVijayaSrinivasPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.SashaHerbst De CortinaPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA.Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, USA.HollyNishimuraDepartment of Health
Promotion Sciences, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.KarlKruppPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.Department of
Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, Leader, Special Interest Group (SIG) in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells JSS Academy
of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India.PoornimaJayakrishnaPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.KavithaRaviPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.AnisaKhanPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.SubbaRao VMadhunapantulaDivision of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University
of Arizona, Tucson, USA.0000-0001-9167-9271PurnimaMadhivananPublic Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, India.Department of
Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, Leader, Special Interest Group (SIG) in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells JSS Academy
of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India.Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson,
USA.0000-0001-7818-3394Journal Article20200903Background: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility; mention the challenges encountered and highlight the success of implementing a community-based mobile cervical cancer-screening program in rural India. Methods: Communities were mobilized through extensive peer education and by screening in existing community spaces using a mobile clinic model. An initial “screen and treat” protocol was transitioned to “screen, test, and treat” using Pap smears for confirmatory testing, and cryotherapy or Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) for treatment. We trained 50 Peer Educators and conducted 190 screening camps in 58 locations. Results: Of 3,821 registered women, 3,544 (92.8%) accepted screening. Overall, 440/3544 (12.4%, 95% CI 11.3-13.5%) women had VIA-positive lesions. Under “screen and treat”, 56/156 (35.9%) women accepted same-day treatment. Under “screen, test, and treat”, 555/762 (72.8%) women received a Pap smear. Overall, 83 women underwent cryotherapy (n=56) and LEEP (n=27). Of those, 49 (59.0%) participants were followed up, with normal VIA results up to two years after treatment. In summary, the peer educators promoted awareness of cervical cancer and helped in gaining buy-in from communities. Acceptance of same-day treatment was low and accompanied by loss to follow-up, limiting the utility of VIA in these studies. Conclusions: Mobile infrastructure utilized in community spaces brought screening directly to rural women. Culturally appropriate methods to increase linkage to treatment and additional screening options such as HPV DNA testing should be explored.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89587_07a2e9bc525ce17e89ccd9af21ead0d5.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Factors Influencing Job Retention and Quality of Life amongst Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients140114068958810.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1401ENNarumonJanmuneeDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.0000-0001-9021-8123ThanarpanPeerawongDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.0000-0003-1725-6355TharinPhenwanSchool of Medicine,
Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, DD14HJ, United
Kingdom.https://orcid.org/00SojiratSupanichwatanaDepartment of Education Foundation, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla,
Thailand.ChanonKongkamolResearch Unit of Holistic Health and Safety Management in the Community, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla
University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.0000-0003-3364-0664Journal Article20200906Objective: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) amongst Thai nasopharyngeal cancer patients (NCP) and identify associated factors with QoL. Methods: This study was based on secondary data from a cross-sectional study that aimed to develop the Thai version of functional assessment of cancer therapy with nasopharyngeal cancer subscale demographic data, clinical information of participants, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy with Nasopharyngeal cancer subscale (FACT-NP) were utilized. Data were analyzed using Student’s t-test, rank-sum test, variance analysis, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Multiple linear regression with the stepwise model was used to determine multiple variable analysis. Statistical significance was defined at p-value < 0.05. Results: Two hundred and thirty NCP were included in the study with a mean age of 50.3±12.4 years. According to our findings, 68.3% were male, 81.7% were married or living with a partner, and 86.1% were Buddhism had the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status between 0-2 (95.2 %). The employment status, education level, economic status, ECOG, stage , and disease status significantly influenced patients’ QoL. Patients who had active treatment and received prophylactic percutaneous gastrostomy were also impacted by the FACT-NP score. In the multivariate analysis, employment status, ECOG, and disease status were shown to be significant factors that were associated with their QOL in the final model. Conclusion: Employment status was a socioeconomic factor that led to positive QOL amongst NCP.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89588_f73b40868291eba33b66ad67e545617e.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Risk Factors of Daunorubicine Induced Early Cardiotoxicity in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Retrospective Study140714128958910.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1407ENSunny MarianaSamosirDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.I Ketut AlitUtamayasaDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.Mia RatwitaAndarsiniDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.Mahrus ARahmanDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.TeddyOntosenoDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.TaufiqHidayatDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.I Dewa GedeUgrasenaDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.Maria Christina ShantyLarasatiDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.AndiCahyadiDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo Academic General Hospital, Surabaya,
Indonesia.0000-0002-4523-3663Journal Article20201119Background: Daunorubicine, a type of anthracycline, is a drug commonly used in cancer chemotherapy that increases survival rate but consequently compromises with cardiovascular outcomes in some patients. Thus, preventing the early progression of cardiotoxicity is important to improve the treatment outcome in childhood acute lymhoblastic leukemia (ALL). Objective: The present study aimed to identify the risk factors in anthracycline-induced early cardiotoxicity in childhood ALL. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by observing ALL-diagnosed children from 2014 to 2019 in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. There were 49 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were treated with chemotherapy using Indonesian Childhood ALL Protocol 2013. Echocardiography was performed by pediatric cardiologists to compare before and at any given time after anthracycline therapy. Early cardiotoxicity was defined as a decline of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) greater than 10% with a final LVEF < 53% during the first year of anthracycline administration. Risk factors such as sex, age, risk stratification group, and cumulative dose were identified by using multiple logistic regression. Diagnostic performance of cumulative anthracycline dose was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Early anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity was observed in 5 out of 49 patients. The median cumulative dose of anthracycline was 143.69±72.68 mg/m2. Thirty-three patients experienced a decreasing LVEF. The factors associated with early cardiomyopathy were age of ≥ 4 years (PR= 1.128; 95% CI: 1.015-1.254; p= 0.001), high risk group (PR= 1.135; 95% CI: 1.016-1.269; p= 0.001), and cumulative dose of ≥120 mg / m2 (CI= 1.161; 95% CI:1.019-1.332). Conclusion: Age of ≥ 4 years, risk group, and cumulative dose of ≥120 mg/m2 are significant risk factors for early cardiomyopathy in childhood ALL.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89589_f8986007b5b2d62872497ff2d1ffa70c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Evaluation of Apoptotic Gene Expression in Hepatoma Cell Line (HepG2) Following Nisin Treatment141314198959010.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1413ENNahidZainodiniImmunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of
Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.Mohammad RezaHajizadehMolecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan
University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University
of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.Mohammad RezaMirzaeiMolecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan
University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University
of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.0000-0002-6283-5332Journal Article20201123Objective: The present study aims to examine the effects of nisin on the survival and apoptosis of the hepatoma cell line HepG2 and to investigate possible apoptosis pathways activated by nisin. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, viability and apoptosis of the cells were accomplished by the nisin treatment using the MTT assay and Annexin-V-fluorescein/propidium iodide (PI) double staining, respectively. Additionally, the human apoptosis PCR array was performed to determine pathways or genes activated by nisin during possible apoptosis. Results: The results of the present study showed that nisin was able to decrease cell viability (IC50 ~ 40 µg/ml) in a dose-dependent manner and could induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells. PCR data indicated a considerable increase in the expression of genes, such as caspase and BCL2 families, involved in the induction of apoptosis. Conclusions: The data from this study showed that overexpression of genes involved in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, especially caspase-9 and BID, increased apoptosis in HepG2 cells treated by nisin, compared to the control group.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89590_406a61c9e0ab7211834955b94ab9bd04.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Evaluation of Data Quality of Four New Population Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) in Chandigarh and Punjab, North India- A Quality Control Study142114338959110.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1421ENMd AbuBasharDepartment of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi” and of Atul Budukh as “Homi Bhabha
National Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India.0000-0002-0868-8335Jarnail SThakurCommunity Medicine and SPH, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.AtulBudukhTata
Memorial Hospital, India.0000-0001-6723-802XJournal Article20201204Background: Population based Cancer Registries(PBCRs) are hallmark of cancer surveillance and cancer control activity .The value of cancer registries rely heavily on underlying quality of their data. Current study assessed data quality of four new PBCRs of Chandigarh, SAS Nagar, Mansa and Sangrur covering a total population of 4.5 millions on three quality parameters i.e. comparability, validity and completeness as recommended by International Agency of Research on Cancer(IARC), Lyon, France. Methods: For assessing comparability, data of the registries were reviewed in terms of system of classification and coding, definition of incidence date and rule for multiple primaries. For assessing validity (Accuracy) four different methods i.e. re-abstraction and re-coding, percentage morphologically verified cases (MV%), percentage of death certificate only (DCO%) cases and percentage of cases with other and unspecified sites (O and U%) were used. For assessing completeness of coverage, different semi-quantitative methods were used. Results: Re-abstraction done for 10% of the total incident cases yielded overall percentage agreement of 97.4%, 97.2%, 95.4% and 94.9% for PBCR Chandigarh, SAS Nagar, Mansa and Sangrur respectively. MV% was found to be 96.3% for PBCR Chandigarh, 92.8% for PBCR SAS Nagar , 89.3% for PBCR Mansa and 82.9% for PBCR Sangrur. Percentage of DCO cases and O and U cases were 1.4% and 2.8% for PBCR Chandigarh, 3.9% and 5.3% for SAS Nagar, 6.4% and 16.4% for Mansa and 6.3% and 8.3% for Sangrur. Completeness assessed through the various methods showed good level of completeness at PBCR Chandigarh and SAS Nagar and somewhat lower but acceptable level of completeness at PBCR Mansa and Sangrur. Conclusions: All the four PBCRs are comparable internationally. PBCR Chandigarh and SAS Nagar, predominantly urban registries, have higher accuracy of their data and good completeness levels as compared to predominantly rural registries of Mansa and Sangrur. Cancer estimates given by all the four registries are reliable and data from these registries can be utilized for planning cancer prevention and control activities in the region.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89591_ee85227cf34aba1b093948e33d6fe1af.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Determinants of Breast Cancer Screening Practice among Women in Indonesia: A Nationwide Study143514418959210.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1435ENSolikhahSolikhahFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0001-6895-6840LianawatiLianawatiFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.RatuMatahariFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Dwi Sarwani SriRejekiDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia.Journal Article20201223Background: Breast cancer remains the leading cause of death for women globally, including in Indonesia. Breast cancer screening plays a vital role in reducing deaths caused by breast cancer. However, breast cancer screening rate is still low and studies on determinants for breast cancer screening is limited in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the determinants of breast cancer screening among women in Indonesia. Methods: This population-based study was conducted among 827 women who lived in either rural and urban areas, using a stratified sampling design where were based on province and locality combinations. Data were analysed using a binary logistic regression model to assess the associations between independent and dependent variables. Results: As many as 827 women with an average age of 29.91 (± 11.14) years old participated in this study. The overall breast cancer screening among women was 18.74%. Knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, signs, and symptoms (adj.OR = 1.75, 95%CI: 1.20 – 2.56), age of 35 to 39 years old (adj.OR. = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.02 – 2.26), and household income of ≥6,000,000 IDR (≥457 USD) (adj.OR. = 5.19, 95%CI: 1.43–18.84) were associated with breast cancer screening attendance. In contrast, Christian women had a significantly lower breast cancer screening rate that women from other religions (adj. OR. = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.24 – 0.85). Conclusion: The overall breast cancer screening attendance was poor among Indonesian women population. Age, household income, religion, and knowledge of breast cancer risk factors were identified as the determinant factors for breast cancer screening.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89592_57ac1c9d7c73e86645fdf00840faaae2.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Changes in Attitude to Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking among Youngsters in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study144314508959310.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1443ENRoyesJosephDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi
Arabia.0000-0003-4974-9963DhaferAlshaybanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi
Arabia.Journal Article20210105Background: A growing number of epidemiological evidence suggests a significant increase in waterpipe tobacco smoking, and its potential to become a major public health concern in most Arabic countries, including Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the prevalence of intention to quit among ever users of waterpipe and intention to start among the never users. The study also investigated the barriers that may prevent users from quitting or trigger the nonusers to start waterpipe smoking. The study consisted of 464 university students from Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Results: One hundred and sixty-eight (36.2%) participants were responded that they had WTS at least one time in the past. Among the ever users of WTS, 120 (71.4%) participants had made an attempt or more to quit WTS in the past, 64 (38.1%) had made more than one attempt, and nearly two-third expressed the intention to quit WTS in the future. Forty (13.5%) out of 296 never-users expressed their intention to start WTS in the future. The study further showed that peer influence, social acceptance, and risk perception were significant predictors of intention to start or stop WTS among students. Conclusion: It is promising that substantial users have the intention to discontinue WTS, though a fraction of never users wish to try WTS in the future.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89593_c504e0d6fcfbe4cc13286796ae92c9dc.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Factors Associated with Low Screening Participation and Late Presentation of Cancer amongst Women in the Pacific Island Countries and Territories: A Systematic Review145114588959410.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1451ENCarol KartikaNaiduSchool of Medicine, Australia.0000-0002-1742-4710NicolaWisemanSchool of Medicine, Australia.0000-0001-9288-535XNeilHarrisSchool of Medicine, Australia.0000-0002-1786-3967Journal Article20210117Background and Objective: In most Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs), cancer patients commonly present at very late stages and by the time the disease is diagnosed, it is often too late for treatment. This review examines the evidence on factors associated with low cancer screening participation and late presentation of cancer among women of the PICTs. Materials and Methods: Medline, PubMed, ProQuest and The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched to identify relevant studies for this review. Terms of medical subject headings was performed in combination with other key words such as “screening”, “delay”, “determinants”, “awareness”. Results: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria of this review. Six factors were identified from these studies: resources and facilities, trust in the health care system, culture and tradition, modesty, awareness and socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Due to several barriers and factors, women in the PICTs are hindered from accessing cancer screening practices and often present late with cancer symptoms leading to advanced stage diagnosis. The findings of this study provide a foundation for future studies that could focus more in-depth to explain how these factors contribute to the presentation of cancer in late stages.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89594_5dcefaf03851dc1d82223051811c4973.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Expressions of P-Glycoprotein, Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 and Annexin A2 as Predictive Factors for Intravesical Recurrence of Bladder Cancer after the Initial Transurethral Resection and Immediate Single Intravesical Instillation of Adriamycin145914668959510.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1459ENHarutakeSawazakiDepartment of Urology, National Defense Medical College Tokorozawa, Japan.KeiichiItoDepartment of Urology, National Defense Medical College Tokorozawa, Japan.TakakoAsanoDepartment of Urology, National Defense Medical College Tokorozawa, Japan.KenjiKurodaDepartment of Urology, National Defense Medical College Tokorozawa, Japan.AkioHoriguchiDepartment of Urology, National Defense Medical College Tokorozawa, Japan.HitoshiTsudaDepartment of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College Tokorozawa, Japan.TomohikoAsanoDepartment of Urology, National Defense Medical College Tokorozawa, Japan.Journal Article20210125Objective: Immediate single instillation of chemotherapy following transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is suggested for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients. However, no study has evaluated molecular marker that was involved in intravesical recurrence (IVR) after single instillation of chemotherapy. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), Annexin A2 (ANXA2) or nucleophosmin (NPM) expression predicts IVR after initial TURBT and immediate single intravesical adriamycin instillation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive 443 patients who underwent TURBT. Of these, 54 patients who underwent initial TURBT and single instillation of adriamycin for NMIBC were included. The expressions of P-glycoprotein, MRP1, ANXA2 and NPM were evaluated immunohistochemically and were divided into 2 groups (low or high) according to the staining intensity and/or proportion of positive cells. IVR was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox`s multivaritate analyses were performed to identify independent predictors for IVR. Results: Nineteen patients (35.1%) had IVR. High P-glycoprotein expression was significantly correlated with multiplicity, pT stage and high grade. High ANXA2 expression was significantly correlated with high grade. MRP1 and NPM were not correlated with any clinicopathological variables. MRP1 expression and ANXA2 expression were significantly correlated with P-glycoprotein expression. Patients with high P-glycoprotein expression had significantly worse IVR-free survival (IVRFS) than those with low P-glycoprotein expression (P =0.015). The difference in IVRFS rates between patients with high ANXA2 expression and those with low ANXA2 expression was nearly significant (P =0.057). Univariate analyses indicated multiplicity, high grade and high P-glycoprotein expression were significant predictors for IVR. Multivariate analysis indicated high grade was an independent predictor for IVR. Conclusions: High P-glycoprotein expression was associated with IVR. Further study was needed to determine significance of P-glycoprotein expression in IVR after single intravesical adriamycin instillation.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89595_43faf6f9975f9dd35e9f23ae8fac1960.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Single or Dual Anti-HER-2 Therapy Combined with Chemotherapy in Patients with HER-2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study146714758959610.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1467ENQianHeDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.Jia-YiLiDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.Qing-LanRenDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.Journal Article20210125Background: Studies have shown that neoadjuvant anti-HER-2 therapy and chemotherapy can increase pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in HER-2-positive breast cancer patients and improve prognosis. However, data from Chinese patients are limited. Therefore, we conducted a single-center retrospective study to evaluate the effects of neoadjuvant single or dual anti-HER-2 therapy and chemotherapy in Chinese HER-2-positive breast cancer patients and to explore the prognostic indicators of pCR and progression-free survival (PFS). Methods: We included patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant anti-HER-2 therapy and chemotherapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in China from January 2016 to July 2020. We analyzed the relationship between patient characteristics and the pCR rate or PFS. Results: Forty-seven patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant anti-HER-2 therapy and chemotherapy were included. Univariate analysis suggested that compared with patients receiving neoadjuvant single anti-HER-2 therapy, patients receiving neoadjuvant dual anti-HER-2 therapy tended to have a higher pCR rate and better PFS. Patients who achieved pCR also tended to have longer PFS. Multivariate analysis indicated that patients with greater systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) reduction (>0.54) during neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) and patients with a lower T stage were more likely to achieve pCR. Patients aged ≤60 years with lower Ki-67 had longer PFS. Conclusion: Greater SIRI reduction during NAT was an independent influencing factor for pCR. Patients receiving neoadjuvant dual anti-HER-2 therapy and chemotherapy tended to have higher pCR rates and longer PFS. Patients who achieved pCR also tended to have longer PFS.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89596_19c2616c660d9e06551bfbf6cdada5fd.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Lynch Syndrome in Thai Endometrial Cancer Patients147714838959710.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1477ENTarineeManchanaDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University
and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0001-7088-628XChaiAriyasriwatanaDivision of Gynecologic Pathology and Cytology, Faculty
of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0002-7049-1293SurangTriratanachatDivision of Gynecologic Pathology and Cytology, Faculty
of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0002-6252-0381PrasitPhowthongkumDivision of Medical
Genetics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital,
Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0003-266506668Journal Article20210127Background: Lynch syndrome increases lifetime risk of endometrial cancer to 40-60%. Screening with molecular tumor testing for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins have been recommended. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of MMR deficiency and germline mutation in endometrial cancer Thai patients. Methods: Immunohistochemistry for MMR proteins, including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 were tested in 166 surgical specimens. Patients who had MMR deficiencies were offered genetic counseling and a germline testing using gene-panel next generation sequencing. Results: Fifty-eight of 166 patients (34.9%) had one or more MMR deficiencies which were: MLH1 and PMS2 in 42 patients (25.3%), MSH2 and MSH6 in 11 patients (6.6%), and MSH6 in 5 patients (3.0%). Of the 40 patients (24.1%) who met the revised Bethesda guidelines, 19 patients (47.5%) had MMR deficiency. In contrast, MMR deficiency was found in 39 of the 126 patients (31.0%) who did not meet the revised Bethesda guidelines. A total of 27 patients with MMR deficiencies agreed to have germline genetic testing. Germline MMR mutations were detected in 5 patients (18.5%) including MSH6 (n=2), PMS2 (n=2), and MLH1 mutations (n=1). Incidental germline mutations in other genes were detected in 3 patients (1 BRCA1, 1 PTEN, and 1 BARD1). Among 5 Lynch syndrome patients, 2 patients (40%) did not meet the revised Bethesda guidelines. Eight patients who met the revised Bethesda Guidelines but having MMR proficiency had genetic testing, but no germline mutation was detected. Conclusion: MMR deficiencies were detected in 34.9% of the endometrial cancer patients. Germline mutations were diagnosed in 3.0% of this cohort (5/166 patients). Lynch syndrome screening with MMR immunohistochemistry should be considered in all patients regardless of personal or family history of Lynch syndrome-related cancers.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89597_1f95d7ce45673057668e48a96242f511.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Investigation of a Tumor Location-Specific Therapeutic Strategy for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma148514938959810.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1485ENHisashiKosakaDivision of Hepatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Japan.MasakiKaiboriDivision of Hepatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Japan.KosukeMatsuiDivision of Hepatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Japan.MorihikoIshizakiDivision of Hepatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Japan.HideyukiMatsushimaDivision of Hepatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Japan.MitsuguSekimotoDivision of Hepatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Japan.Journal Article20210202Objective: An optimal therapeutic strategy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has not yet been determined. Herein we focused on intrahepatic tumor location and retrospectively analyzed tumor characteristics depending on location to elucidate a location-specific therapeutic strategy for ICC. Methods: Sixty-five ICC patients were divided into three groups based on the distance between the innermost portion of the tumor and portal vein branches observed on preoperative imaging: peripheral, intermediate and central ICC. Results: Median disease-specific survival (DSS) of the peripheral ICC was not reached, whereas median DSS was 32.9 months in intermediate ICC and 25.2 months in central ICC (p <0.05). Vascular invasion was observed in all groups (56-92%). Bile duct invasion to the first branch of the hepatic duct was more commonly observed in central ICC (43%) compared with the peripheral and intermediate ICC (0-8%). Lymph node metastasis was not observed in peripheral ICC, whereas it was frequently observed in intermediate and central ICC (39-44%). A Cox regression analysis revealed sufficient RDI (≥58.3%) of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) significantly increased the length of DSS (HR: 0.205). Based on these data, we have proposed a location-specific therapeutic strategy as follows: peripheral ICC requires anatomical resection without lymphadenectomy; intermediate ICC requires anatomical resection with lymphadenectomy and sufficient doses of AC; and central ICC requires anatomical resection with extrahepatic bile duct resection, caudate lobectomy, lymphadenectomy, and sufficient doses of AC. Conclusion: We propose an intrahepatic tumor location-specific therapeutic strategy for ICC. This information could contribute to the appropriate therapeutic management of patients with ICC.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89598_1eed684e1f1003efc79b0d1e62ddb051.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Reverse Vaccinology Approach in Constructing a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Against Cancer-Testis Antigens Expressed in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer149515068959910.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1495ENLeana Rich MHerreraDepartment of Physical Sciences, College of Science, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Manila City, Philippines.0000 - 0003 - 2243 - 2747Journal Article20210206Background: The 5-year survival rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has not significantly improved despite advancements in the currently applied treatments. Thus, efforts are put forth in developing novel immunotherapeutic agents targeting cancer-testis antigens (CTA) in NSCLC. This work utilized reverse vaccinology approach in designing a novel multi-epitope vaccine targeting melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGEA3), MAGEA4, New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1), and Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen 1 (KK-LC1), being the most frequently expressed CTAs in NSCLC. Methods: Epitopes were mapped from the sequences of CTAs. The population coverage (PC) of identified CD4+ and CD8+ epitopes were estimated. Candidate linear B cell (BL), CD4+, and CD8+ epitopes were adjoined in a multi-epitope construct (Mvax) with flagellin domain as an adjuvant. Antigenicity, and cross-reactivity of Mvax were examined. The tertiary structure of Mvax was modelled, and validated. All epitopes included in the vaccine were docked with their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) binders. The immunogenicity of epitopes in Mvax was validated through molecular dynamics analysis. Results: Mvax contains 22 epitopes from MAGEA3, MAGEA4, NY-ESO-1, and KK-LC1. It is classified as antigenic, non-allergen, non-toxic, and possesses physicochemical stability. Epitopes have no significant hits with other human proteins, except for 2 other CTAs frequently expressed in NSCLC. The stretch of BL epitopes in Mvax confers flexibility, and accessibility emphasizing its antigenicity. The tertiary structure analysis showed that Mvax model has good structural quality. All epitopes included in the vaccine are highly immunogenic as indicated by favorable binding affinity, low binding energy, and acceptable root-mean-square deviation (RMSD). CD4+ and CD8+ epitopes have global PC of 81.81%, and 84.15%, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, in silico evaluations show that Mvax is a potential immunotherapeutic agent against NSCLC.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89599_5f4692f8600c33a2e5d151dc5db8dcfd.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Determination of Pentraxin-3, Interleukin-8 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels in Patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma150715128960010.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1507ENMustafaYeniGeneral Surgery Clinic, Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.0000-0003-2384-2094ErcanKorkutDepartment of General Surgery, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey.0000-0001-8543-7778NurhakAksungurDepartment of General Surgery, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey.0000-0003-4477-5775SalihKaraGeneral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.0000-0002-7877-9064SedaAskinDepartment of Biochemistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.0000-0001-6133-9065MuratKartalDepartment of General Surgery, Erzurum Regional Training Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.0000-0003-1396-5365Journal Article20210207Introduction and Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the value, in terms of diagnosis, resectability and prognosis of pentraxin-3 (PTX3), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cases of gastric adenocarcinoma, an important condition both worldwide and in Turkey, and to determine their levels in order to contribute to elucidating the pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and Methods: Serum was separated from blood specimens collected from 45 patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma and from a 30-member healthy control group. Serum PTX3, IL-8 and VEGF levels were studied by ELISA method. Results: Serum PTX3 values differed significantly between the patient group and the control group (p <0.05). Serum IL-8 values also differed significantly between the patient group and the control group (p <0.05). A significant difference was also observed between serum VEGF values in the patient group and the control group (p <0.05). Significant correlation was determined between serum PTX3 and VEGF (p <0.01; r=0.833), between serum PTX3 and IL-8 (p <0.01; r=0.818), and between serum VEGF and IL-8 (p <0.01; r=0.803), measurements when the entire study population was evaluated irrespectively of groups. Conclusion: Serum PTX3, IL-8 and VEGF levels decreased in cases of gastric adenocarcinoma compared to the control group, and their levels affected one another.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89600_9be213a5dd37fb1821b1c0a413d60567.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Combination Therapy of TRAIL and Thymoquinone Induce Breast Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity-Mediated Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest151315218960110.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1513ENNagwa MAbdel SalamEgyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa Street, VACSERA, Agouza, Giza 22311,
Egypt.Ahmed AAbd-RabouDepartment of Hormones, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.Hayat M.SharadaDepartment of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt.Gehan G AbdEL SameaEgyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa Street, VACSERA, Agouza, Giza 22311,
Egypt.Mohga SAbdallaDepartment of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt.Journal Article20210209Objective: Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in both developed and developing nations. The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is characterized by its ability to selectively trigger apoptosis in cancer cells. TRAIL-based interventions have led to the development of recombinant human (rhTRAIL) as a promising therapy for different types of human cancer. Thymoquinone (TQ) has been shown to exert anticancer effect. The aim of the current study is to investigate the anticancer effect of the combinatorial therapy of TRAIL+TQ against human breast cancer cells. Methods: To achieve this hypothesis, cytotoxicity using MTT assay, as well as apoptosis and cell cycle using flow cytometric technique were preceded against breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancerous cell lines. Results: The current study showed that TRAIL induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, it inhibited proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells more than MCF-7 cells. Adding TQ to TRAIL increased the chemo-sensitivity of MDA-MB-231, while overcame the MCF-7 resistance to TRAIL. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is a synergistic effect between TRAIL and TQ playing a therapeutic role in killing resistant breast cancer cells.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89601_ee486c999ae522ca413d487fc696e99c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Cytotoxicity Studies of the Crude venom and Fractions of Persian Gulf Snail (Conus textile) on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Normal Lymphocytes152315298960210.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1523ENAhmadSalimiTraditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.0000-0003-3026-6398ShayanSalehianDepartment of
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AkramAboutorabiHalal
Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.AmirVazirizadehPersian Gulf Research Institute, Marine Biology and Fishery Sciences
Department, Persian Gulf University, Iran.VahedAdhamiDepartment
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.Seyyed HosseinSajjadi AlehashemDepartment
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.EnayatollahSeydiDepartment of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Alborz
University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, Alborz University of Medical
Sciences, Karaj, Iran.JalalPourahmadDepartment of
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20210211Background: Marine animals have been considered by many researchers due to their various pharmacological effects. One group of marine animals that have been studied is cone snails. The conotoxin obtained from these marine animals has various therapeutic effects. Methods: This study was designed to investigate the apoptotic effects of crude venom of Conus textile and its fractions (A and B) on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Accordingly, parameters such as cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, collapse in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), lysosomal membrane damage and caspase-3 activation were evaluated. Results: The results showed that the crude venom (50, 100 and 200 µg/ml) from Conus textile and its fraction B (50, 100 and 200 µg/ml) significantly reduced viability in CLL B-lymphocyte. In addition, exposure of CLL B-lymphocyte to fraction B (50, 100 and 200 µg/ml) was associated with an increase in the level of ROS, the collapse of the MMP, damage to the lysosomal membrane, and activation of caspase-3. Conclusion: According to results, it was concluded that fraction B from crude venom of Conus textile causes selective toxicity on CLL B-lymphocyte with almost no effect on a normal lymphocyte. Furthermore, this venom fraction could be a promising candidate for induction of apoptosis in patients with CLL through the mitochondrial pathway.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89602_71fb923cf31647ac3dfcc784aca1f183.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Long-Term Prognosis after Surgery for Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study153115358960310.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1531ENMasatoNishimutaDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.0000-0002-3388-2754KiyoakiHamadaDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.YorihisaSumidaDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.MasatoArakiDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.KoukiWakataDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.TotaKugiyamaDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.AyakoShibuyaDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.ShintaroHashimotoDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.KeisukeOzekiDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.ShigeyukiMorinoDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.SoichiroKiyaDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.MasayukiBabaDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.AkihroNakamuraDepartment of Surgery, Sasebo City General Hospital, 9-3 Hirase, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.Journal Article20210211Objective: Resection is usually recommended for locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) for which R0 resection is possible, but its suitability varies by individual patient risk. Here, we report outcomes of resected LRRC in our hospital. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated short- and long-term results of 33 patients who underwent resections for LRRC from January 2003 to December 2019. Results: At the initial surgeries for these 33 patients, their disease stages at that time were Stage I: n=2, Stage II: n=12, Stage III: n=11, Stage IV: n=6, and unknown: n=2. Patients with Stage IV disease at their initial surgeries underwent radical one-step or two-step procedures. Metastasis to other organs was observed in 5 patients at the their initial LRRC diagnoses. At the LRRC surgeries, 7 patients received palliative surgeries; 26 received intent-to-treat resections, of which 17 were R0 resections. All-grade postoperative complications were observed in 11 patients, including 1 surgery-related death. Five-year overall survival rates were all cases: 38.4%; R0 group: 52.3%, R1 or R2 group: 19.4%, and palliative surgery group: 0%. The R0 group thus had significantly better prognosis than other patients (P = 0.0012). Eleven patients in the R0 group (64.7%) suffered re-recurrences but some patients achieved long-term survival through chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery for metastasis to other organs, even after re-recurrence. Conclusion: Long-term prognosis after surgery for LRRC was significantly better for patients with R0 margins. Multimodal treatments may greatly improve survival for patients who suffer re-recurrences after local recurrence resections.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89603_adebcb35e3ada44b470717ac949d285d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Translation, Trans-Cultural Adaptation to Arabic, and Psychometric Testing of a Questionnaire Measuring Colorectal Cancer Knowledge, Perceptions, and Screening Practices among Average-Risk Population153715458960410.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1537ENFuad HamdiAbuadasDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.0000-0002-4880-0862Mohammad HamdiAbuadasFaculty of Nursing, King
Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.Abdalkarem F.AlsharariDepartment of Nursing, College of Applied medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.https://orcid.org/00Zainab MAlbikawiFaculty of Nursing, King
Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20210215Purpose: Modifying, translating to Arabic, trans-culturally adapting, and testing the psychometric properties of colorectal cancer knowledge perception screening survey (CRCKPSS) to fit with Arabic culture to measure Jordanian average risk population’s health beliefs about colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: A methodological cross-sectional design was employed to recruit a convenience sample of 460 average-risk Jordanian adults aged 50–75 years from the outpatient departments (OPDs) of two governmental hospitals in Jordan. The study was conducted in three phases: (a) Minimal modification of the CRCKPSS was undertaken. (b) Translation and transcultural adaptation of the modified version from English to Arabic were undertaken. (c) Validation of the trans-culturally modified Arabic version was performed. Results: Construct validity of the final trans-culturally modified Arabic version was evaluated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, which yielded five factors. The total variance explained by all extracted factors was 83.4%. Cronbach’s alpha was applied separately for all five subscales and ranged between 0.94 and 0.98, indicating that the adapted version items have distinguishing consistency. Conclusions: Examining communities’ health beliefs regarding CRC is an important issue and requires a culturally valid and reliable scale. The modified Arabic version exhibited acceptable content, construct, convergent, and discriminant validity when used with the Jordanian average-risk population. Nurses and other health professionals can use it to assess beliefs about CRC and screening practices accurately. Moreover, the scale may be beneficial to other Arab countries, considering the diverse dialects within the Arab world.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89604_dbc5db647548030d4bd8987b1cb61aea.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501TERT Genotype Polymorphism: A Glance of Change Egyptian MDS Outcomes154715558960510.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1547ENNadiaEl MenshawyDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.0000-0002-6558-2131ShaimaaEl-AshwahClinical Hematology
Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.Mohamed AEbrahimMedical Oncology Unit, Department
of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.Metwally IbrahemMortadaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.AhmedRamezMedical Oncology Unit, Department
of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.Doaa MAttiaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.Journal Article20210219Background: Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)are clonal hematologic disorders characterized by genetic instability and ineffective hematopoiesis associated with telomere dysfunction. We aimed at investigating the association between the rs2242652 single nucleotide variant of the TERT gene and susceptibility for MDS, as well as its prognostic impact and relation to disease phenotype. Methods: Genotyping analysis was carried on 100 MDS patients recruited at Mansoura Oncology center, in addition to 100 healthy subjects for detection of rs2242652 variant of TERT gene on chromosome 5 by real time PCR following the protocol of Custom TaqMan® SNP Genotyping. Results: The rs2242652 TERT genetic polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of MDS (odds ratios 2.6 for genotype GA, 6.4 for genotype AA). The majority of AA homozygous mutant variant were associated pancytopenia (88%), poor risk cytogenetics (92%) and High/very high IPSS-R score (88%). At the end of follow-up (median 30 months), 14% of the cases transformed to secondary AML. The rate of leukemic transformation was significantly associated with the mutant AA genotype (93% of transformed cases, 52% of AA genotype cases; p < 0.0001). Survival outcome was inferior in AA mutant genotype (median 14 months, 95% CI: 12-16 months) to the GA genotype (median 30 months, 95% CI: 26-33 months) and those of the GG genotype (median not reached), phttps://journal.waocp.org/article_89605_a1148368d8dff36a1cdc8824561b52a9.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Association between 5’-UTR and 3’-UTR Polymorphisms of the TYMS Gene and Breast Cancer in Kurdish Women of Iraq155715608960610.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1557ENKazhal ShekhMohamadDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.0000-0003-2652-7049Journal Article20210224Breast cancer is a common cancer found among women worldwide. Many polymorphisms can play a role in the development of this disease. The study was conducted to evaluate whether 2R/3R and 6bp insertion/deletion polymorphisms of the TYMS gene are associated with breast cancer risk in the Kurdish Iraqi population. Materials and Methods: DNA was extracted from EDTA-treated peripheral blood samples and included 100 patients affected by breast cancer and 100 controls. Genotyping was performed by PCR-electrophoresis. Results: Our results showed a significant association between 6bp deletion homozygote genotype in breast cancer patients compared to healthy individuals (P = 0.042). No significant differences were observed for other allelic and genotypic frequencies. Conclusion: This study, performed for the first time on the Kurdish population, highlighted the need for further studies of the TYMS gene polymorphisms.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89606_0f95eb811f3db5155ffb500d420ff6a8.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501The Platelet to Lymphocyte and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratios in Predicting Response to Platinum-based Chemotherapy for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer156115668960710.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1561ENGatot Nyarumenteng AdhipurnawanWinarnoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia.0000-0001-8537-5415MarihotPasaribuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical Faculty Universitas Mulawarman/Abdul Wahab Sjahranie
Hospital, Samarinda, Indonesia.HermanSusantoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia.Aisyah ShofiatunNisaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia.0000-0003-4142-972XAli BudiHarsonoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia.0000-0001-6342-321XHariadiYuseranDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical Faculty Universitas Mulawarman/
Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.DodiSuardiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia.0000-0003-3084-8101NurvitaTrianasariTelkom of Economics and Business School, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia.Journal Article20210309Objective: The patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer have higher factors complicating surgery; thus, the best choice for them is surgery with chemotherapy with six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Generally, chemotherapy can be evaluated in various ways, phsychal examination, radiology examination, and laboratory examination. This study aims is to examine if the measurement of the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used to predict a patient’s response to chemotherapy. Methods: Analytic observational study with a case-control design conducted in the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung from 2017 to 2018. This study used the medical record of ovarian cancer patients with post-surgery complete blood counts and histopathological reports. The sample size was determined based on the categorical test’s statistical calculation to obtain a total number of at minimal 90 samples. All the study subjects who had undergone complete chemotherapy were followed up for 6 months. Their response to chemotherapy was assessed with a clinical examination, ultrasonography, and a CA-125 blood test every 3 months. Results: In 2017–2018, 504 patients were diagnosed with ovarian cancer at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. After reassessment, 116 patients had stage I to III ovarian cancer and underwent cytoreduction followed by platinum chemotherapy. The age, cancer stage, and types of epithelial cells in the platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant patients were characterized. There were significant differences between the two groups in age and cancer stage characteristics (p < 0.05). The increase in platelet/lymphocyte (p = 0.003) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (p = 0.026) are associated with the increase in the response to platinum chemotherapy against epithelium-based cancers. Conclusion: A patient’s NLR and PLR are strongly associated with his response to chemotherapy.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89607_b2438bb03f2e48c62cbf9a367a49b638.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Evaluation of MicroRNA92, MicroRNA638 in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia of Egyptian Children156715728960810.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1567ENDinaFayedBiochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.ThoriaDoniaBiochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.0000-0002-1629-1290MohamedEl-ShanshoryDepartment of Pediatric,
Hematology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.Ehab M MAliDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King
Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.0000-0002-2475-0645Tarek MMohamedBiochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.Journal Article20210313Objective: miRNA considers a small non-coding RNA molecule that has tumor suppressor or oncogenic functions and regulates gene expression. miRNA may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). miRNA was evaluated in patients with ALL to correlate their importance in the clinical prediction and the response to chemotherapy. Subject and methods: The study population included 30 healthy control and 71 children with ALL is divided into 4 groups: healthy, newly diagnosed, remitted, and relapsed groups. We quantify miRNA 92a, miRNA 638 expression using real-time PCR in childhood ALL. Results: plasma miRNA 92a and miRNA 638 expressions were elevated in ALL cases at the time of diagnosis (2.51 and 2.19 folds), and relapsed (2.1 and 1.61 folds) than that of patients with remitted ALL. There was a positive correlation between miRNA 92a and miRNA 638 patients with ALL. Also, total leukocyte and blast correlated with miRNA 92a and miRNA 638 unlike hemoglobin, and platelets didn’t correlate with miRNA 92a and miRNA 638. The sensitivity of miRNA 92a and miRNA 638 were 41.5% and 54.7% respectively while the specificity was 100 % of miRNA 92a and miRNA 638. Conclusion: miRNA 92a and miRNA 638 are recommended to be used as potential predictive and follow-up markers in children with ALL remitted and relapsed cases.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89608_4e18f7874b44ec383af2eea5351868f2.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Platelet-Derived Procoagulant Microparticles as Blood-based Biomarker of Breast Cancer157315798960910.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1573ENMarziehHaghbinResearch Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.AkbarHashemi TayerResearch Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.0000-0001-8007-5552MaryamKamravanResearch Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.AbdolrezaSotoodeh JahromiResearch Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.0000-0002-2131-2113Journal Article20210313Objective: Breast cancer is the main cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Elevated plasma levels of circulating cell-derived microparticles (MPs) have been reported in various types of cancer, including breast cancer, with the ability to mediate inflammation and thrombosis. Microparticles are bioactive agents, and it has been suggested that MPs can be used as a diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic biomarker in various diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of platelet-derived MPs (PMPs) in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 30 patients with breast cancer and 20 normal subjects were sampled after obtaining written consent. MPs were isolated from blood samples by centrifugation technique. CD42b and annexin V markers were used respectively for counting PMPs and procoagulant MPs with flow cytometry. Results: Flow cytometry results showed that the number of PMPs and procoagulant annexin V positive MPs was significantly higher in the breast cancer patients than normal subjects (p <0.001). The number of the annexin V MPs differed significantly in patients with high tumor size (T2) compared to the patients with low tumor size (T1) and controls (p <0.001). Significant and positive correlations were found between PMP levels and tissue-based biomarkers, tumor grading, and distant metastasis (p <0.05). Tumor histological type did not correlate with the numbers of PMPs (p=0.065). Conclusion: Increased levels of PMPs and activity in terms of hemostasis and having a positive and significant relationship with tumor grading and metastasis may indicate the effective role of PMPs in the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89609_de79ae27396414fd861e70b6476e09d8.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Effectiveness and Tolerability of First-Line Afatinib for Advanced EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Vietnam158115908961010.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1581ENThanh HaVuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Hoa Thi ThaiNguyenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Department of Oncology, Vietnam
University of Traditional Medicine, Hanoi, Vietnam.Linh KhanhDaoDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Chi KhanhDuongDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Cao VanNguyenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Tuyet ThiDoanDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Hang Thi ThuyNguyenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Hung HuyHoangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Department of Oncology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.Dung KhacDinhDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Giang VinhLeDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Thanh ThiVuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.Minh CongTruongDepartment of Oncology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.0000-0003-3953-6729Long ThanhNguyenDepartment of Oncology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.0000-0002-0601-1013Journal Article20210328Background: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of Afatinib as first-line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a real-world setting. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study of Vietnamese patients with advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with first-line afatinib at the National Cancer Hospital from 1st January 2018 to 31st October 2020. Patients’ demographic, clinical and treatment data were captured. Objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), time to treatment failure (TTF) and tolerability were evaluated. We used Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test for survival, and Cox regression model for multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 44 patients were included. Common EGFR mutations (Del 19/L858R) were detected in 61% patients. Fifty percent of patients with uncommon mutations had compound mutations of G719X, L861Q and S768I. The ORR was 75% while DCR rate was 98%. The median TTF was 12.3 months (95% CI: 7.2-17.3); the mTTFs were 12.3 and 10.8 months for patients with common and uncommon mutations (p = 0.001), respectively, and 14.0 and 7.5 months for patients with Del 19 and L858R mutations (p = 0.067), respectively. Afatinib 30 mg once daily was the most common starting (77%) and maintenance (64%) doses. The mTTFs were 12.3 and 7.5 months for patients with 30 mg starting dose vs 40 mg dose (p = 0.256), respectively. Diarrhea, skin rash, paronychia and fatigue were observed in 32%, 30%, 25% and 9%, respectively. There was no grade 4 toxicity except three patients with grade 3 paronychia. Conclusions: First-line afatinib is beneficial for Vietnamese patients with advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC with a good response rate and prolonged TTF with manageable adverse event profile. Baseline brain metastasis status and starting doses do not significantly impact TTF.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89610_8a3c622eb4ac10316ca01d4e72ac3e22.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Suitability of CD133 as a Marker for Cancer Stem Cells in Melanoma159115978961110.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1591ENPhilippeKornDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.0000-0002-4586-6970AndreasKampmannDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.SimonSpalthoffDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.PhilippJehnDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.FrankTavassolDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.FritjofLentgeDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.Nils-ClaudiusGellrichDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.RüdigerZimmererDepartment of Oral, Craniomaxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Germany.Journal Article20210209Objectives: CD133 is considered a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in various malignancies; however, its role as a biomarker of malignant melanoma remains controversial. The present study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of CD133 surface antigen as a CSC marker in melanoma. Methods: Human melanoma cells were fractionally separated by magnetic cell separation depending on the CD133 phenotype and transplanted into immunodeficient mice to evaluate their tumorigenic capacity. Furthermore, the time until the development of a palpable tumor and the growth rate were measured, and the final tumor volume was assessed after 8 weeks. The immunohistochemical expression of CD133 in the induced neoplasia was then compared using histomorphometry. Results: Notably, neoplasms were induced in all the groups (n = 48), including in the CD133-negative group. Tumors induced by unsorted cells had the largest volume (p = 0.014) but were detected significantly later in this group (p ≤ 0.001). Interestingly, all explanted tumors expressed CD133, with no significant differences among groups. Conclusions: In contrast to the results obtained in prior studies, the suitability of CD133 as a CSC marker could not be demonstrated. The current encouraging progress in targeted therapy for malignant melanoma highlights the need to identify more effective targets.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89611_6f40a471969a7d3f89cbe0faa3966386.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501The Uptake and Factors Associated with Mastectomy among Chinese Women with Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Observational Study159916068961210.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1599ENJingLiuSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.0000-0002-3266-0690DongmeiGuoDepartment of Breast Surgery, Zhongshan
Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.SharynHunterSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.Regina Lai TongLeeSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.JieminZhuDepartment of Nursing, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.Sally Wai-ChiChanPresident’s Office, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China.0000-0001-5484-4645Journal Article20210207Objective: There are limited data concerning the use of mastectomy and associated factors in China in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the uptake of mastectomy and determine the associations between patients’ characteristics and mastectomy among Chinese women with breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis of female breast cancer cases from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2019 from a tertiary hospital was conducted. Socio-demographic data, clinical data, and surgery types were collected by reviewing the medical record system. Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine any correlations of patients’ characteristics with mastectomy. Results: A total of 1,171 women with breast cancer were identified, and 76.60% of them underwent a mastectomy. The mastectomy rates showed an increase from 70.62% in 2015 to 86.87% in 2017 and then dropped to 71.91% in 2019. Women undergoing mastectomy were older and were more likely to be married and have at least one child. They had an advanced cancer stage, larger tumour size, and more lymph node invasion and were positive for HER-2 overexpression. Older age, larger tumour size (2-5 cm), higher cancer stages (stage 2- stage 3) and being positive for HER-2 were the four independent variables that significantly predicted the uptake of mastectomy. Conclusions: Our results showed a wide application of mastectomy in China and uncovered the factors associated with mastectomy uptake from a single-centre experience. Findings suggested the potential overuse of mastectomy among women with early-stage breast cancer, and highlighted the significance of promoting cancer screening in China. Findings could be also used to develop relevant provisions and interventions to facilitate breast cancer treatment decision-making and screening planning.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89612_60f7badcec3369ba361b13494efde90e.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Predictive Factors for Pathologic Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer160716118961310.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1607ENQiZhangDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China.JianweiLiangDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, ChinaJiananChenDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, ChinaShiwenMeiDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China.ZhengWangDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China.Journal Article20210313Background: An accurate assessment of potential pathologic complete response(pCR) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NCRT) is important for the appropriate treatment of rectal cancer. However, the factors that predict the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy have not been well defined. Therefore, this study analyzed the predictive factors on the development of pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for rectal cancer. Methods: From January 2008 to January 2018, a total of 432 consecutive patients from a single institution patients who underwent a long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were reviewed in this study. The clinicopathological features were analyzed to identify predictive factors for pathologic complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Results: The rate of pathologic complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation was 20.8%, patients were divided into the pCR and non-pCR groups. The two groups were well balanced in terms of age, gender, body mass index, ASA score, tumor stage, tumor differentiation, tumor location, surgical procedure, chemotherapy regimen and radiation dose. The multivariate analysis revealed that a pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level of ≤5 ng/mL and an interval of ≥8 weeks between the completion of chemoradiation and surgical resection were independent risk factors of an increased rate of pCR. Conclusions: Pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level of ≤5 ng/mL and an interval of ≥8 weeks between the completion of chemoradiation and surgical resection are predictive factors for pathologic complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Using these predictive factors, we can predict the prognosis of patients and develop adaptive treatment strategies. A wait-and-see policy might be possible in highly selective cases.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89613_344ae2a3b597419b8948f84a2f835b9a.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Treatment Outcome of Children with Retinoblastoma in a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital in Indonesia161316218961410.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1613ENKrisnaHandayaniEmma’s Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands.0000000348580318Braghmandita WIndraswariPediatrics,
Faculty Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Mei NSitaresmiPediatrics,
Faculty Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.SriMulatsihPediatrics,
Faculty Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0002-6153-997XPudjo HWidjajantoPediatrics,
Faculty Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0003-3166-7572Wijnanda AKorsPrincess
Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.Gertjan JLKaspersEmma’s Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands.Princess
Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.0000-0001-7716-8475SaskiaMostertEmma’s Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands.Princess
Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.Journal Article20210215Background: Although survival rates for retinoblastoma (RB) are over 95% in high-income countries, its high mortality rate in low and middle-income countries remains a great concern. Few studies investigated treatment outcome and factors contributing to RB survival in these latter settings. Aims of this study are to determine treatment outcome of Indonesian children diagnosed with RB and to explore factors predictive of treatment outcome. Methods: This study was a retrospective medical records review combined with an illustrative case report. Children newly diagnosed with RB between January 2011 and December 2016 at a tertiary care referral hospital in Indonesia were included. A home visit was conducted to perform an in-depth interview with a mother of two children affected by RB. Results: Of all 61 children with RB, 39% abandoned treatment, 21% died, 20% had progressive or relapsed disease and 20% event-free survival. Progressive or relapsed disease was more common in older (≥ 2 years at diagnosis, 29%) than young (<2 years at diagnosis, 0%) children (P=0.012). Event-free survival estimate at 5 years was higher in young (42%) than older (6%) children (P=0.045). Odds-ratio for event-free survival was 6.9 (95% CI: 1.747 – 27.328, P=0.006) for young versus older children. Other clinical and socio-demographic characteristics had no significant correlation with treatment outcome or event-free survival. The case report elucidated conditions and obstacles that Indonesian families face when their children are diagnosed with RB. Conclusion: Survival of children with RB in Indonesia is much lower compared to high-income and many other low and middle-income countries. Abandonment of treatment is the most common cause of treatment failure. Older age at diagnosis is associated with more progressive or relapsed disease and worse survival. Interventions to improve general public and health-care providers’ awareness, early detection and treatment adherence are required.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89614_c56f22a954be78ee95724eb41585e170.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Rosmarinic Acid Induces Proliferation Suppression of Hepatoma Cells Associated with NF-κB Signaling Pathway1623163189615DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1623ENYanjunAnDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.JiandongZhaoDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.YouruiZhangDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.WenWuDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.JiangtaoHuDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.HaosenHaoDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.YuQiaoDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.YingTaoDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.LipingAnDepartment of Endoscopy Center, Institute of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Shanxi Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.Journal Article20210212Background: Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phenolic compound that acts as a Fyn inhibitor by 53 homology modeling of the human Fyn structure. Therefore, the apoptosis mechanism related to NF-κB signaling pathway induced by RA in HepG2 was investigated. Methods: The cell growth, apoptosis, and proliferation of HepG2 regulated by various concentrations of RA were studied. The proteins expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, PI3K, AKT, NF-κB, and apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3 were detected. Results: RA significantly reduced proliferation rates, inhibited migration and invasion, and decreased the expressions of invasion-related factors, such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. TUNEL staining revealed that RA resulted in a dose-dependent increase of HepG2 cell apoptosis. In line with this finding, the expression of apoptosis suppressor protein Bcl-2 was downregulated and that of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved caspase-3 was increased. In addition, we found that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway was involved in RA-mediated inhibition of HepG2 cell metastasis. Conclusion: Our study identified that RA as a drug candidate for the treatment of HCC.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89615_97edd60e65c8f9d9c85c4323d4c12c76.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Induction Chemotherapy Followed by either Chemoradiotherapy or Bioradiotherapy in Laryngeal Cancer163316378961610.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1633ENMohammad HasanLarizadehNeuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.FatemehMohammadiNeuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.MohammadShabaniNeuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.Mohammad AliDamghaniDepartment
of Ear, Nose and Throat, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.0000000206313097Journal Article20191027Objective: In loco regionally advanced head and neck cancer, the superiority of concomitant cetuximab with radiation over radiation alone has been proven previously. But comparison between chemo radiation and bioradiation has not been well studied. Methods: Between October 2013 and August 2017, 38 patients with locoregionally advanced laryngeal cancer and more than 50% response to 3 cycles of induction chemotherapy (docetaxel and cisplatin: both with a dose of 75 mg/m2 on the first day and 5-flurouracil: 750 mg/m2 during days 1to 3; repeated every 21 days) were selected to receive either carboplatin (18 patients, AUC 1.5 , weekly) or cetuximab (20 patients, with loading dose of 400 mg/m2 and weekly dose of 250 mg/m2) with radiation. A Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to calculate progression free survival and overall survival rates. The log–rank test was used to compare overall survival between treatment groups. Results: The median follow up time was 36 months. The 2-year organ preservation rate of 78.9% was achieved. The 3- year progression-free survival rates of 65.2%, 72.7% and 58.2% were observed for all patients, carboplatin group and cetuximab group, respectively (p=0.4). The 3-year estimates of overall survival were 67.8%, 69.2 %, and 66.3 % for all patients, carboplatin group and cetuximab group, respectively (p=0.47). Concomitant carboplatin was discontinued in 3 patients due to toxicity Conclusion: Concomitant cetuximab is a reasonable alternative to concomitant chemotherapy. But the difference in treatment outcome between bioradiation and chemoradiation remains to be defined.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89616_24ce27fda6c823ec3bc694bfc2930441.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Adverse Effects of Busulfan Plus Cyclophosphamide versus Busulfan Plus Fludarabine as Conditioning Regimens for Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation163916448961710.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1639ENMahshidMehdizadehDepartment of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Seience,
Tehran, Iran.SayehParkhidehDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Seience,
Tehran, Iran.SinaSalariDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Seience,
Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-8298-2578AbbasHajifathaliDepartment of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Seience,
Tehran, Iran.HamidRezvaniDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Seience,
Tehran, Iran.MaryamMabaniDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Seience,
Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-7220-6719Journal Article20201215Background: The side effects of conditioning regimens on the success rate of allogeneic transplantation around the world have been challenging. In this study, we aimed to investigate the side effect of Bu/Cy and Bu/Flu regimens on our patients who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Methods: We analyzed 180 patients receiving bone marrow transplantation in Taleghani Hospital, in Tehran, Iran between April 2016 and December 2019. Patients in group A received a combination of intravenous busulfan 0.8 mg/kg QID over two hours for 4 consecutive days (12.8 mg/kg in total)(Savani et al., 2006) and cyclophosphamide 60 mg/kg per day for two consecutive days. Patients in group B received busulfan the same as the first group in combination with fludarabine equal to 40 mg/m² per day. Patients were followed up at regular intervals up to two years after transplantation. Result: Various items were evaluated for patients, including cardiopulmonary function, psychological disorders, GVHD, and endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism, fertility, or gonad dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism developed in 13.3% and 11.1% of the Bu/Cy and Bu/Flu groups, respectively (p=0.230). None of the patients in either group experienced infertility or gonad dysfunction. In group A versus group B, pulmonary diseases were detected in 4.4% versus 6.6% of BMT recipients, respectively (p = 0.223). In both groups, mitral and tricuspid regurgitation were observed in patients (8.9% vs. 11.1%; p = 0.189). Incidence of Psychological disorders was no significant difference between the two groups. 32.2% of group A versus 34.45% of group B had skin and liver GVHD, respectively (p = 0.235). Conclusion: The therapeutic-related adverse effects of the two conditioning regimens in patients who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplant were almost similar. To improve quality of life and overall survival among BMT patients, careful evaluation of treatment-related complications should be part of the regular follow-up of them.https://journal.waocp.org/article_89617_3528fd10ab4e70c2def434797a9fbeb4.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Adults in the United Arab Emirates Regarding Helicobacter pylori induced Gastric Ulcers and Cancers164516528961810.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1645ENAbdullah ImadeddinMalekDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.0000-0003-3946-8842MuzanAbdelbagiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.LianOdehDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.Atheer TariqAlotaibiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.Mohamed HusainAlfardanDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.Hiba JawdatBarqawiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.0000-0002-8754-9172Journal Article20210307Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the current level of knowledge, as well as the attitudes and practices (KAP) of the adult population in Sharjah, UAE with regards to H. pylori induced gastric ulcers and gastric cancers. Methods: A cross sectional study of 500 participants was conducted in public venues in Sharjah, UAE through the distribution of a self-administered questionnaire English and Arabic speaking residents aged 18 years and above of both sexes were invited to participate in this study via convenience sampling. Responses were collected and analyzed using SPSS. Results: General knowledge about H. pylori was poor, only 24.6% had heard of H. pylori. 61% of the participants did not know the link between H. pylori and gastric cancer. Only 3% of the participants associated psychological stress with gastric ulcer development. Females had higher knowledge scores (p = 0.008*). Participants with a medical background typically had higher knowledge scores than their peers in other fields of work (p < 0.0001*). Participants’ attitudes towards H. pylori were suboptimal with only 33% willing to seek medical help If they get symptoms. Majority of participants with an approximate of 84% showed an overall average to excellent practices towards H. pylori. Conclusion: General awareness about H. pylori induced gastric ulcers and cancers is poor. The results of this study can be a starting point to devise new education programs and campaigns that raise awareness of this health issue which could be easily avoided with prevention, early detection, and intervention.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89618_0b0c6a3bb0a21e6355ea54f9ba9fe1b7.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501Prognostic Value of TLE1 Gene Expression in Patients with T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia165316588961910.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1653ENSalahArefHematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.0000-0002-4822-5204Mohamed SabryEl-GhonemyHematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.Doaa MohamedAtiaHematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.Mohamed MElbaiomyMedical
Oncology Unit, Mansoura University Oncology Center; Mansoura; Egypt.Sherehan AdelAbdelsalamPublic health at Community Medicine Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.AyaTawfikClinical pharmacy, Faculty of pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt.AhmedEL-SebaieHematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.Journal Article20201222Background: Transducin-like enhancer of split 1 (TLE1( is a member of the TLE family of transcriptional co-repressors that control the transcription of a wide range of genes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of TLE1 gene expression in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Method: This study was conducted on 97 newly diagnosed T-ALL patients admitted to the Mansoura University oncology center (59 males and 38 females) with median age (33 years) in addition to 102 apparently healthy individuals served as a control group. TLE1 gene expression was measured in both patients and control groups by real time – PCR. The calculation of relative gene expression was done using the ΔΔCt method. Results: TEL1 gene expression was significantly down regulated in T-ALL cases (median 2.83) as compared to controls (median 84.65) (p < 0.001). The low TEL1 gene expression was significantly associated with CNS infiltration, non-remission and higher relapse rate (p < 0.001, 0.001 and 0.023 respectively). Likewise, Low TEL1 gene expression was significantly associated with shorter OS and DFS (P= 0.012 and 0.011 respectively). Furthermore, Low TEL1 gene expression was considered as risk predictor of relapse with OR 3.636(CI.1.422-9.295) (P =0.007); and OR 0.803(CI. 0.609-0.96) (P=0.021) and independent predictor of T-ALL patient’s outcome with OR 0.619 (CI. 0.44-0.872) (P=0.006). Conclusion: TLE1 gene expression was significantly down regulated in T-ALL cases as compared with controls. Low TLE1 expression is independent predictor of the T-ALL patient’s outcome.<br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89619_c904b848a1b0e745bb8dc7918b931558.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736822520210501A Modified Delphi Study for the Development of a Leadership Curriculum for Pediatric Oncology165916658962010.31557/APJCP.2021.22.5.1659ENMohammadNaghiFaculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Egypt.Marwa RashadSalemDepartment of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20210217Background: The broader construct of participatory system-wide leadership has not been highlighted in the pediatric oncology domain, although these skills are teachable. The researchers conducted the current study to develop a leadership competency curriculum for pediatric oncologists in Egypt. Methods: The study was carried out in three phases: (1) Conducting a literature review for the years 2013-2018 to identify the initial competencies of pediatric oncology leadership (2) Holding a meeting with a superior reference panel (SRP) to get a consensus on the initial list of competencies, and (3) Conducting a two-round modified Delphi survey. Results: Seventy-five invitees from 12 countries completed the first round (R1) of the survey. Of the 75 respondents to R1, 69 completed round 2 (R2) (92%). In R1, 73 competency items were surveyed for relevance to include in a pediatric oncology leader role curriculum. Thirty-seven items were judged for inclusion, while 36 items were judged for exclusion. In R2, the 37 competencies relevant for inclusion were presented in which participants were asked to check them as either IN or OUT. Finally, 17 competencies remained. Conclusion: The process resulted in 17 pediatric oncology leader role competencies. Conclusion: This final set of 17 competency items is considered as an important step towards reducing the variability in pediatric oncology education and practice that currently exists in Egypt. This is the initial step towards developing a learning and assessment toolkit for this imperative area of research and practice. <br /> https://journal.waocp.org/article_89620_e1c65e460447d9e1ee01ceaba4d77fe5.pdf