West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Depression in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Cross-Sectional Studies in Iran175506710.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.1ENAzarJafariNursing Student, Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranAmir HosseinGoudarzianBSc of Nursing, Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranMasoumehBagheri NesamiDepartment of Medical- Surgical Nursing, Pediatric Infectious
Diseases Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.Journal Article20171018 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women and has more severe mental and emotional effects than other types. Depression as a mental disorder affects people’s mental well-being, physical symptoms, </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">occupational performance, and finally quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine depression levels in </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Iranian women with breast cancer. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A systematic review study was conducted in 2017. English and Persian </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran) were searched with key words such as Depression Or Depressive Disorders AND Women AND Breast Cancer OR Tumor OR Neoplasm OR Malignancy </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">AND Iran. Inclusion criteria allowed for cross-sectional studies conducted in Iran (published in English or Persian language journals), studies that had key words in their keywords or their titles and standard instruments for measuring depression in patients. Of the 160 publications found, eight were selected after reviewing the title, abstract and full article. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Age of women with breast cancer in selected studies ranged from 43.8 (SD = 47.1) to 55.9 (SD = 14.6) years. Duration of cancer in most studies was about 1-2 years. In most studies, mild levels of depression for women with breast cancer were present. However, in one study it was stated that 69.4% of participants had serious levels of depression. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">There is increase in the risk of depression in women with breast cancer. Therefore, it seems necessary to plan preventive and therapeutic measures in order to improve the mental health and quality of life of the </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">affected patients. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55067_af8dbb928a6f409189d27ba567f852b8.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Attitude and Practice Regarding Breast Cancer Early Detection among Iranian Women: A Systematic Review9165509710.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.9ENMahinBadakhshMidwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.AbbasBalouchiMidwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.Student Research
Committee, Nursing and Midwifery School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-4490-4904SafiyehTaheriMidwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.SalehoddinBouyaInternal Medicine and Nephrology,
Clinical Immunology Research Center, Ali-Ebne Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan
University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.SudabehAhmadidarrehsimaFaculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.MohammadnaemAminifardDepartment of Ophthalmology, Alzahar Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.Journal Article20171120 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objectives: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">To determining attitudes and practice regarding breast cancer early detection techniques (breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammography) among Iranian woman. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">International (PubMed, ISI, and Google Scholar) and national (SID and Magiran) databases were reviewed up to September 2017 to identify articles related to the attitudes and practices of Iranian women concerning breast cancer screening behavior with reference to BSE , CBE and mammography. The screening steps, analysis of quality of the studies and extraction of the papers were performed by two reviewers. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Of the 532 studies included initially, 21 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">performed on 10,521 people were considered eligible. Subjects with a positive attitude toward BSE in various studies were 13.5% to 94.0% with an average of 47.6%. Positive attitudes to CBE and mammography were found in 21.0% and 26.4%, respectively. Participant performance of BSE ranged from 2.6% to 84.7%, with an average of 21.9%. The respective figures for CBE and mammography were 15.8% and 16.7%. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Considering the poor performance and low rates for positive attitudes, it is suggested that educational programs should be conducted across the country. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55097_2a884a7e06bf5e5a0b83839c19010ad6.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101More Reasonable Animal Model for Study the Effect of Pneumoperitoneum on Abdominal Tumor Cells17205421410.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.17ENLvQijunDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, North
Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas and Intestinal Disease, North
Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.DuJiangSichuan Science City Hospital,Department of General Surgery, Mianyang, China.WangChongshuDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, North
Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas and Intestinal Disease, North
Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.Journal Article20160918 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Many animal experimental studies showed that abdominal tumor cells will be widely spread during laparoscopic treatment and grow into metastases. These results are different from clinical observations. There is a hypothesis that too much tumor cells was injected in the animals lead to the results of theses bias. We aim to learn the difference of abdominal cavity volume between human body and the nude mice and to determine reasonable amount of tumor cells in the animal experiments. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The insufflated CO</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">volume which represents the capacity of the abdominal cavity was recorded during laparoscopic process in 212 patients and 20 nude mice respectively, the relative volume of nude mice and human body was calculated.Based on data from the literature and this study , the amount of tumor cells in the animal experiments was determined.According to these data, we set up a new animal model and a traditional one respectively,and compared the rate of successful modeling and tumor formation between two animal models. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The intraperitoneal volumes of humans and nude mice were 3.01±0.36 L and 0.011±0.001 L respectively.The number of tumor cells that be uesd in animal should be approximately 0.26×10</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">5 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">in terms of known data in human beings.Compared with the traditional animal model which formed a large number of intraperitoneal tumor metastasis, the new animal model was shows more moderately,and the rate of successful modeling was similar. Conclusion:<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">In animal experiments, to simulate the clinical situation, about 0.26×10</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">5 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">tumor cells should be inject in peritoneal cavity of the nude mice. </span></span></span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54214_336538eea9da2b8f14e9c97b71b14857.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101The Economic Burden of Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer and Skeletal Related Events in Japanese University Hospitals21265791110.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.21ENTakefumiSatohDepartment of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.DianneLedesmaBayer Yakuhin, Ltd, Osaka, Japan.NariakiYoshiharaBayer Yakuhin, Ltd, Osaka, Japan.Journal Article20161222Objective: Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has improved the survival and quality of life of patients<br />with prostate cancer, resistance to treatment inevitably results in transition to a castration resistant state (CRPC) and, in<br />advanced cases, bone metastasis, leading to skeletal related events (SRE). In order to understand the current burden on<br />patients in Japan, there is a need to estimate the healthcare costs of CRPC treatment in current clinical practice. Methods:<br />This retrospective observational cohort study utilized claims data from 13 national university hospitals through the<br />Platform for Clinical Information Statistical Analysis database. Extracted data included the use of diagnostic tests, the<br />frequency and cost of hospitalizations and outpatient visits, and medication costs, using values from the Healthcare Fee<br />System and the National Health Insurance Drug Price List relative to each observed year. Results: Data were collected<br />from 4001 patients with CRPC, 97% of whom had undergone ADT. Between 2005 and 2016, the mean annualized<br />direct medical cost per patient was ¥739,147 (US$7060), of which 91% was related to medication, 4.8% to laboratory<br />and imaging, 4.1% to radiotherapy, and 0.1% to surgery. A total of 771 (19%) of the 4001 CRPC patients experienced<br />an SRE. Resource utilization was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in patients with SRE than in those without, with<br />mean annualized medication costs per patient of ¥1,074,885 and ¥659,006, respectively, and ¥108,807 and ¥71,392,<br />respectively, for laboratory and imaging. The occurrence of even one SRE led to a significant increase in costs and the<br />use of analgesics, compared to the prior period. Conclusions: A diagnosis of CRPC is associated with considerable<br />healthcare resource utilization and increased economic burden on patients, which are significantly higher in those with<br />SREs. Treatments that can prevent or delay SREs may help ease this burden, thereby providing cost savings across<br />Japanese healthcare systems.https://journal.waocp.org/article_57911_4067ba3cdffbf15b7a8c2447dc331ed3.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Prognostic Value of IL-10 and Its Relationship with Disease Stage in Iranian Patients with Multiple Myeloma27325421010.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.27ENRaminShekarrizDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center,
Mazandaran University of medical sciences, Sari, Iran.GhasemJanbabaiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center,
Mazandaran University of medical sciences, Sari, Iran.SaeedAbedian KenariDepartment of Immunology, Immunogenetic
Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.Journal Article20170224 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Several studies have demonstrated roles of interleukins in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). Objective: Here we considered correlations among serum levels of IL-10, stage of disease and clinical laboratory disease </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">markers in Iranian MM patients to investigate whether the interleukin might have prognostic significance. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">In this cross-sectional study, a total of 60 subjects (40 patients and 20 controls) were recruited. After preliminary laboratory tests, disease stage was evaluated and serum levels of IL-10 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The mean concentration of serum IL-10 in patients (2.39±0.82 ng/ ml) was significantly higher (p<0.0001) than that in healthy controls (0.34±0.15 ng/ml). A positive and significant correlation (p<0.0001) was observed with the disease stage. The highest plasma cell proportions were recorded for MM stage III patients (68.8±9.21%), differing significantly from those of stage I patients (50.0±10.0%; p=0.011). The Beta-2 microglobulin value in stage III patients (7.7±1.13mg/l) was significantly higher than in those with stage II (4.31±0.64 mg/l; p<0.0001) and stage I (2.8±0.4 mg/l; p<0.0001). There was also a positive and significant correlation (p=0.002) between IL-10 levels and B2M. A trend (p=0.06) for positive correlation was observed between IL-10 levels </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and plasma cells. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The correlation of IL-10 with disease stage and markers of disease activity indicates important roles in MM pathogenesis and progression. Therefore, measurement of serum IL-10 might be helpful for </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">predicting stage and clinical management of MM. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54210_edf7c8c3825ee29463d459051b37dc00.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Serum MicroRNA-21 Negatively Relates to Expression of Programmed Cell Death-4 in Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer33385509210.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.33ENEnas HMahmoudClinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.AmalFawzyClinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.Reham AA ElshimyClinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.0000-0002-1470-985xJournal Article20170417 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Ovarian cancer is the third most common cancer of the female genital tract and the leading cause of cancer death associated with gynecologic tumors. MicroRNAs regulate at least 60% of human genes, including tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes and, thereby, can affect cancer risk. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Aim of the work: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">We aimed to assess any diagnostic role for serum miR-21 as a biomarker in human ovarian cancer and to study relations with programmed cell death-4 (PDCD4), one of its target proteins, hoping to help explain heterogeneity of this cancer type and facilitate stratification of regimens for therapy. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Subjects and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A total of 60 newly diagnosed ovarian cancer cases and 30 apparently healthy females were recruited. Serum microRNA-21 levels were measured by TaqMan- Real time PCR assay and PDCD4 by ELISA. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Significant over-expression of serum miR-21 and lower serum PDCD4 levels were observed in ovarian cancer patients as compared to the control group. A statistically significant inverse correlation was also evident between miR-21 and PDCD4. However, no significant links were noted observed between miR-21 and tumor grade, stage or histopathological type. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The present work showed significantly up-regulation of serum miR21 in the recruited group of patients and a significant inverse relation association between miR-21and PDCD4. These findings suggest that miR-21 may be used as a diagnostic biomarker for human ovarian cancer. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55092_311c977aee53a45b69e7b98170d8625d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Long-term Results of Adjuvant Imatinib Treatment for Localized Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors after Surgery39435506210.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.39ENMozaffarAznabMedical Hematologist-Oncologist, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran.0000-0002-1498-5205Sayed MojtabaAkhmadiDepartment of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical
Science, Kermanshah, Iran.Journal Article20170501 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Despite the development of two significant classifications for recurrence risk evaluation among patients </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">engaged with gastrointestinal stromal tumor and corresponding treatment criteria, recurrence happens in a number </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">of the patients who were once classified as ineligible for treatment and hence removed from treatment program. As </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">such, the aim of the present study is to increase the number of patients recognized as eligible for treatment, so as to further reduce recurrence rate of this disease. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A total of 26 patients from Ilam, Kermanshah, Lorestan, Kurdistan, and some parts of Hamedan, entered this study from 2006 until 2016. The western provinces </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">included have similar socioeconomical conditions. Inclusion criteria were operable tumors confirmed radiologically with a gross size larger than 3 centimeters regardless of the mitosis rate in microscopic power fields, tumor location, or </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">presence of peritoneal involvement during the surgery. Imatinib capsules were administered daily at 400 mg for 3 years. The patients were followed up every 3 months by radiology, ultrasonography, biochemical assessment, and clinical examination. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results and Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The overall survival after 10-years follow up was 100%, while 5-year survival without relapse was 95%. Mean overall survival was 106 months, and only one patient who had limited peritoneal </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">involvement experienced relapse and he is still alive after 2 years. The drug was well tolerated and no significant side </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">effects were observed. </span></span>West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Fas-Antisense Long Noncoding RNA and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Is There any Relation?45485506810.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.45ENArezouSayadDepartment of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.AbbasHajifathaliTaleghani Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Amir AliHamidiehChildren’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.FarbodEsfandiDepartment of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.MohammadTaheriDepartment of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.Urogenital Stem Cell Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20170505 <br /> <span style="font-size: small;">In recent years, lncRNAs have been considered as potential predictive biomarkers for prognosis of different human cancers. One example is the FAS antisense RNA 1 (FAS-AS1) located in the 10q23.31 region which is transcribed from the opposite strand of the FAS gene. FAS has an important role in regulation of apoptotic pathways and there is an inverse correlation between FAS-AS1 expression level and production of the soluble form of Fas, so that it might have potential as a therapeutic target to improve chemotherapy effectiveness. In the present study we therefore evaluated FAS-AS1 expression in blood samples of de novo AML patients and healthy controls using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Our results indicated that the expression level of FAS-AS1 lncRNA demonstrated </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">no significant difference between AML patients and healthy individuals. We conclude from the obtained data that FAS-AS1 is not an informative and reliable biomarker for AML diagnosis, although our results need to be confirmed </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">in further studies. </span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55068_af20acbcae903bd2336fdf14c80eb8c8.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Curcumin Analog Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) Sensitizes Widr Cells to 5-Fluorouracil through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation49565507010.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.49ENEdyMeiyantoCancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0002-0886-6322Endah PujiSeptisetyaniResearch Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Indonesia.Yonika ArumLarasatiCancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, Indonesia.MasashiKawaichiGraduate School of Biological Sciences,
Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Japan.Journal Article20170505 <br /> <span style="font-size: small;">Cell cycle regulation and the NF-κB pathway in cancer cells are important in mediating resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1), a curcumin analog, is known to exhibit stronger growth inhibitory effects than curcumin itself in several cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the potency of PGV-1 in combination with 5-FU in WiDr colon cancer cells. In MTT assays, PGV-1 did not only exhibit stronger growth inhibitory effects than both </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">5-FU and curcumin, but also enhanced the cytotoxicity of 5-FU. Flow cytometry demonstrated that single treatments </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">with PGV-1 and 5-FU resulted in different effects on cell cycle profiles. PGV-1 induced G2/M arrest while 5-FU caused S-phase arrest at low concentration (1 μM) and G1-phase arrest at high concentration (100 μM). Interestingly, the combination of 5-FU and PGV-1 enhanced cell accumulation in S-phase. Although a single treatment with either 5-FU or PGV-1 increased cyclin D1 at the protein level, the combination treatment resulted in significant suppression. In addition, PGV-1 inhibited activation of NF-κB and suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, an NF-κB downstream protein. In conclusion, PGV-1 increased the cytotoxic effect of 5-FU on WiDr cells through inhibition of NF-κB activation. </span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55070_eef5d96d292756f625562a06a6b39680.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101The Effect of Mammary Extracellular Matrix in Controlling Oral and Mammary Cancer Cells57635506010.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.57ENSivapriyaPavuluriCentre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Habsiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India.Julie ASharpInstitute for Frontier Materials, Deakin
University, Geelong Waurnponds Campus, Waurnponds, Australia.ChristopheLefevreDepartment of Medical Biology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of
Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.Kevin RNicholasInstitute for Frontier Materials, Deakin
University, Geelong Waurnponds Campus, Waurnponds, Australia.Journal Article20170505 <br /> <span style="font-size: small;">Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the normal physiology of tissues and progression to disease. Earlier studies and our external microarray data analysis indicated that mammary matrix from involuting tissue showed upregulation of genes involved in ECM remodeling. The present study examines the fate of mammary and oral cancer </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">cells grown in the ECM from lactating mammary gland. Our findings show that non-tumorigenic cells, MCF10A and DOK cells did not proliferate but the tumorigenic and metastatic cells, SCC25 and MDA-MB-231, underwent apoptosis </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">when grown on mammary ECM isolated from lactating mice. In addition, the cytokinesis marker, CEP55, was repressed in the oral and breast cancer cells. In contrast, these cells proliferated normally on mammary ECM isolated from mice undergoing involution. External microarray data analysis of mammary tissue further revealed over expression (~16 fold) </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">of QSOX1 gene, which promotes cellular quiescence, in lactating mammary gland. A recent study has indicated that </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">QSOX1 overexpression in breast cancer cells led to reduced proliferation and tumorigenic properties. This extracellular protein in mammary ECM may be responsible for reduced cellular proliferation. The present study has shown that ECM from lactating mammary gland can regulate signals to oral and breast cancer cells to halt cell division. This preliminary observation provided insights into the potential role of ECM factors present in lactating mammary gland as therapeutic targets to control cancer cell division. This preliminary study is an attempt to understand not only the requirement of ECM remodeling factors essential for the growth and survival of cancer cells but also the factors present in the lactation matrix that simultaneously halts cell division and selectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells. </span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55060_5b482a11eb31663e71c4825148c96e2c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Health-Related Quality of Life before and after Surgical Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Study65725511910.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.65ENChong-ChiChiuDepartment of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan.Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.King-TehLeeDivision of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.Jhi-JoungWangDepartment of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.Ding-PingSunDepartment of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.Hao-HsienLeeDepartment of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan.Hon-YiShiDepartment of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.Master of Health Care Management, Department of Business Management, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.Journal Article20170601 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background and Objectives: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">This large-scale prospective cohort study of a Taiwan population applied generalized estimating equations (GEEs) to evaluate changing trends in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to compare predictors of HRQoL before and after surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) performed during 2011-2014. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary were used in a preoperative assessment and in 3- and 6-month postoperative assessments of 332 HCC patients. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The HRQoL was signficantly (p<0.05) improved at 3 months after surgical resection of HCC </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and plateaued at 6 months after surgery. Scores for both the SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Component Summary (MCS) were significantly higher at the third month after surgery (p<0.05) compared to the </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">preoperative period. Both scores also exceeded the norms after hepatic resection of HCC. However, PCS scores were generally higher than MCS scores throughout the study period. After adjusting for time effects and baseline predictors, GEE approaches revealed the following explanatory variables for HRQoL: time of HRQoL assessment, gender, age, education, coresidence with family, chemotherapy, average length of hospital stay, and preoperative functional status. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Hepatic resection significantly increased HRQoL in patients with HCC (p<0.05). However, an evaluation </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">of HRQoL after hepatic resection should consider several factors other than outcomes of the surgery itself. Additionally, patients should be advised that their HRQoL improvement after surgery might depend not only on the success of surgery, but also on their preoperative functional status. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55119_bd0de6ea5294e03869fe7a47001fc6b7.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Pattern of Failure with Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer– A Retrospective Audit and Analysis of Contributory Factors73795394310.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.73ENAnisBandyopadhyayDepartment of Radiotherapy, Medical College Kolkata. 88B College Street, Kolkata 700073, India.UpasanaMukherjeeDepartment of Radiotherapy, Medical College Kolkata. 88B College Street, Kolkata 700073, India.SandipGhoshDepartment of Radiotherapy, Medical College Kolkata. 88B College Street, Kolkata 700073, India.SauravGhoshDepartment of Radiotherapy, Medical College Kolkata. 88B College Street, Kolkata 700073, India.Shyamal KumarSarkarDepartment of Radiotherapy, Medical College Kolkata. 88B College Street, Kolkata 700073, India.Journal Article20170613 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The majority of the global burden of cervical cancer is affecting developing countries. Despite improvement in treatment of patients presenting at a locally advanced stage, approximately 50% experience recurrence within the 1st two years. This study was conducted to analyse contributory factors for recurrence within 24 months. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The present retrospective study was undertaken to analyse factors affecting recurrence, type of failure and the follow up pattern of patients who completed treatment with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months during the study period of 5 years. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Out of 323 patients included in the study, 112 (34.7%) presented with recurrence </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">within the follow-up period. The stage and histology had a significant impact on disease free survival (DFS). Of those who were followed-up regularly, recurrence was observed in 28.7% with a DFS of 81.3 months, in contrast to the 48. 5% patients with a DFS of 45.0 months for whom follow-up was irregular. The failure pattern was mostly in the form </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">of nodal recurrence (61%). On univariate analysis, treatment time, EBRT and ICBT gap and mean EQD2 point A were </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">found to associated with a better outcome in terms of 2yr DFS. On Cox regression analysis, stage, histology, treatment </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">gap (HR-0.48) and follow up pattern (HR-0.24) retained their effects on survival. Point A dose was higher in patients without recurrence (P value 0.000) unlike other assymmetric parameters. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Apart from point A cumulative dose (mean EQD2), stage, histology and treatment gap were the factors that affected early local failure. An interesting </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">result was that follow-up pattern had a significant impact on DFS period. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_53943_fb317c1b56cc4982e3fae7ebfd20d01c.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Differential Response of B Cells to an Immunogen, a Mitogen and a Chemical Carcinogen in a Mouse Model System81905420610.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.81ENNimishaSaxenaDepartment of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.Amar PreetKaurDepartment of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.Nimai ChandChandraDepartment of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.Journal Article20170626 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">B cells are specific antibody generating cells which respond to foreign intruders in the circulation. </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The purpose of this study was to compare the relative immunogenic potentials of three well established agent types viz. </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">an immunogen, a mitogen and a carcinogen, by following B cell responses to their presence in a mouse model system. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Mice were treated with tetanus toxoid (immunogen), poke weed mitogen (typical mitogen), and benzo-α- pyrene (carcinogen) and generated B cell populations were determined in isolated splenic lymphocytes (splenocytes) by flow cytometry using specific anti-B cell marker antibodies. Flow cytometric estimation of LDL receptor (LDLR) expression, along with associated B cell markers, was also conducted. Kit based estimation of serum IgG, western blotting for LDLR estimation on total splenocytes and spectrometry for cholesterol and serum protein estimation were further undertaken. Student’s T-tests and one way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni method were employed for </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">statistical analysis. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The mitogen was found to better stimulate B cell marker expression than the immunogen, although the latter was more effective at inducing antibody production. The chemical carcinogen benzo-α-pyrene at low concentration acted potentially like a mitogen but almost zero immunity was apparent at a carcinogenic dose, with a low profile for LDLR expression and intracellular cholesterol. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The findings in our study demonstrate an impact of concentration of BaP on generation of humoral immunity. Probably by immunosuppression through restriction of B-cell populations and associated antibodies, benzo-α-pyrene may exerts carcinogenicity. The level of </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">cholesterol was found to be a pivotal target. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54206_f83de5c25149f1938187642ed98fe432.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Association of ARID5B Genetic Variants with Risk of Childhood B Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia in Latvia91955421210.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.91ENMadaraKreileRiga Stradiņš University, University Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Riga Stradiņš University, Institute of Oncology,
Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia.DmitrijsRotsRiga Stradiņš University, University Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Riga Stradiņš University, Institute of Oncology,
Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia.AgneseZarinaRiga Stradiņš University, University Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Riga Stradiņš University, Institute of Oncology,
Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia.LindaRautiainenRiga Stradiņš University, University Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Riga Stradiņš University, Institute of Oncology,
Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia.ZelmaVisnevska-PrecinieceRiga Stradiņš University, University Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Riga Stradiņš University, Institute of Oncology,
Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia.ZhannaKovalovaRiga Stradiņš University, University Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Riga Stradiņš University, Institute of Oncology,
Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia.LindaGailiteRiga Stradiņš University, University Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Riga Stradiņš University, Institute of Oncology,
Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Latvia.Journal Article20170705 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in childhood. Despite numerous investigations very little is still known about its aetiology. However, in one genome wide association study conducted to identify the possible genetic risk factors, two allelic variations rs10821936 and rs10994982 in the 3rd intron of the </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">ARID5B </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">gene were identified as possible ALL risk alleles. Association between </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">ARID5B </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">gene variants and </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">ALL risk was also been confirmed for different ethnic groups. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Eight genetic variants in the gene </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">ARID5B </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">were genotyped - rs10994982, rs7908445, rs7923074, rs10821936, rs10821937, rs7896246, rs10821938 and rs7089424 in 77 ALL patients in remission and in 122 age and gender matched controls; parental samples were also genotyped in 50 cases. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Six out of the eight (rs7908445, rs7923074, rs10821936, rs10821937, rs7896246 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and rs7089424) analysed allelic variations were identified in the case-control analysis as statistically significant risk alleles for ALL development. In the family study and using hybrid analysis, all allelic variations were significantly associated with ALL. During the study, risk haplotype was identified rs10994982/rs7908445/rs7923074/ rs10821936/ </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">rs10821937/rs7896246/rs10821938/rs7089424 – ATACCAAG – with a frequency in cases of 0.17 and in the control group at 0.29 (chi square = 6.69, p value = 0.009). In the family association study the same haplotype showed statistical </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">significance (chi squared = 10.3, p value = 0.001). </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Results of the study replicate and extend previously </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">published findings for </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">ARID5B </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">localized allelic variants, but do not explain the mechanism of action related to the pathogenesis of ALL. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54212_8319cd7ebc44bd4a0ad9c0bd19e65381.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Anti-ROR1 scFv-EndoG as a Novel Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Drug971025400110.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.97ENPeymanBemaniDepartment of immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranMozafarMohammadiApplied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AliHakakianFaculty Member of
Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20170705 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Aim: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Immunotoxins are proteins that consist of an antibody fragment linked to a toxin, used as agents for targeted therapy of cancers. Although the most potent immunotoxins are made from bacterial and plant toxins, obstacles which contribute to poor responses are immunogenicity in patients and rapid development of neutralizing antibodies. In the present study we proposed a new therapeutic immunotoxin for targeted cancer therapy of ROR1 expressing cancers: an anti ROR1 single chain fragment variable antibody (scFv)-endonuclease G (anti ROR1 scFv-EndoG). </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The three-dimensional structure of anti ROR1 scFv-EndoG protein was modeled and structure validation tools were employed to confirm the accuracy and reliability of the developed model. In addition, stability and integrity of the model were assessed by molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">All results suggested the protein model to be acceptable and of good quality. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Anti-ROR1 scFv-EndoG would be expected to bind to the ROR1 extracellular domain by its scFv portion and selectively deliver non-immunogenic human endonuclease G enzyme as an end-stage apoptosis molecule into ROR1-expressing cancer cells and lead rapidly to apoptosis. We believe that anti ROR1 and other anti-tumor antigen scFv-EndoG forms may be helpful for cancer therapy. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54001_230e44cefa81ba2553b0292f9c0243e5.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Mitochondrial Effects of Teucrium Polium and Prosopis Farcta Extracts in Colorectal Cancer Cells1031095432510.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.103ENForouzanKhodaeiCellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.KiyanooshAhmadiDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.HamzeKiyaniDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.MahmoudHashemitabarCellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.MohsenRezaeiCellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20170725 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Teucrium Polium </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Prosopis Farcta </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">have been traditionally employed in cancer treatment. In this study we evaluated the effects of methanolic extracts of these two plants in HT-29 cells. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">IC50s of extracts were obtained via MTT assay and the levels of ROS production, cell death, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and Sirt3 enzyme activity were determined. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">After 48 hours exposure, IC50s for </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Teucrium </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Prosopis </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">extracts were 3 and 2μg/ml, respectively. Extracts induced higher ROS production after 6 hours than after 12 hours. Mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and cell death rate were also increased; </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Teucrium </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">caused greater cell death than </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Prosopis</span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">. Extracts from both plants increased Sirt3 activity in its normal form, but only </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Teucrium </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">extract caused a </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">significant increase in activity of Sirt3 enzyme isolated from cancer cells. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Teucrium </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and </span></span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Prosopis </span></span></em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">extracts </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">exert anticancer activity via mitochondrial alterations, as exemplified by increased ROS levels, Sirt3 activity and cell </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">death in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54325_528d05dfcaadf04cb024e4652c173109.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations in Lung Adenocarcinomas: A Single Center Study from Iran1111145509510.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.111ENAliBasiHematology and Oncology Department, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.FloraKhalediHematology and Oncology Department, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Mohammad HadiKarbalaie NiyaDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.HamidRezvaniDepartment of Oncology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.NasserRakhshaniPathology Department, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20170726 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Introduction: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Lung cancer is the fifth leading tumor in Iran, and while its incidence remains relatively low, it </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">has been increasing steadily. Targeted therapies have brought new hope to patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is the prototype member of the type I receptor tyrosine kinase (TK) family and plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Studies from Asian countries have revealed a higher frequency of EGFR mutations than in the West. The aim of this study was to measure the frequency and type of EGFR mutations in a group of Iranian patients with lung adenocarcinomas. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) lung adenocarcinoma tissues from 103 Iranian patients were sequentially tested for EGFR mutations by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by direct nucleotide sequencing of exons 18, 19, 20, and 21. Patient’s demographics and other clinical details were obtained from the medical records of hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS v.20. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">EGFR mutations were detected in 25/103 (24.3%) patients. The most frequent was an exon 21 point mutation (L858R) (15 patients; 60%), followed by one in exon 19 (10 patients; 40%). The frequency of EGFR mutations in never-smoker </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">patients was significantly higher than in smokers (68% versus 32%; p < 0. 01). </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">EGFR mutation frequency is higher than in the West but lower than in East Asian and almost equal to reported rates for Indian and North African populations. Smoking is negatively associated with EGFR mutations in Iranian lung adenocarcinomas. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55095_30a01f2133ee33c6dec06e6faff6e7fb.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Compliance with National Guidelines on the Treatment of Stage II–IVB Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in a Regional Cancer Center of Southern China1151205506310.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.115ENJia-xiangYeDepartment of Medical Affairs Administration ,the
Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.XiaLiangDepartment of Radiotherapy, the
Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.JianWeiDepartment of Medical Quality Control, the Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.JingZhouDepartment of Medical Quality Control, the Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.YuLiaoDepartment of Medical Quality Control, the Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.Yu-LeiLuDepartment of Medical Quality Control, the
Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.Xia-QuanTangDepartment of Medical Quality Control, the
Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.An-YuWangDepartment of Medical Quality Control, the
Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.YongTangDepartment of Medical Affairs Administration ,the
Cancer Institute, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.Journal Article20170806 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">It is unknown whether the treatment provided to patients with stage II-IVB NPC in southern China adheres to the 2015 NCCN guidelines. Consequently, a retrospective analysis was conducted, in order to evaluate the compliance with NCCN guidelines and identify the areas for improvement. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The present study was a retrospective study that included patients with stage II-IVB NPC in southern China during the period 2013 and 2014. The treatment regimens were compared with the 2015 NCCN guidelines in order to identify potential noncompliance regarding the treatment for stage II–IVB NPC. The statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, univariate and/or multivariate analysis using SPSS version 16.0.0. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A total of 215 patients, including 166 men (77.21%) and 49 women (22.79%), were involved in the analysis. Although the overall rate of noncompliance with the NCCN recommendations was 23.26%, the noncompliance rate of concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT), induction of chemotherapy (IC) followed by CCRT and CCRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) was 7.02%, 39.76% and 50.00%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that NCCN noncompliance regarding the treatment for stage II-IVB NPC </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">did not exhibit a significant correlation with the parameters age, gender, insurance status, education profile, first clinic department, careers, comorbidities and overall clinical stage, but it indicated a significant association with the therapeutic </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">schedule (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis indicated that the NCCN noncompliance regarding the treatment for stage </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">II–IVB NPC exhibited a statistically significant difference between CCRT and CCRT followed by AC (OR=0.10, 95% CI 0.04-0.27, P</span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The use of specific therapeutic schedules may affect the </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">noncompliance with NCCN guidelines regarding the treatment for stage II–IVB NPC in southern China, notably with regard to the treatment schedule of CCRT followed by AC. </span></span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55063_491b5cd4d2ff6d111090f3a1efeab907.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Beliefs and Behavior of Saudi Women in the University of Tabuk Toward Breast Self Examination Practice1211265421510.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.121ENAnalitaGonzalesDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.MohammadAlzaatrehFaculty of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.MohammadMariDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.0000-0002-2766-1197AbdulmoneamA SalehDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.AladeenAlloubaniKing Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan.0000-0002-5073-3152Journal Article20170815 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Breast cancer is one of the most frequent types of malignancy worldwide, Breast Self Exam (BSE) is considered as a simple method to screen and detect breast cancer, then early beginning of treatment and enhancing survival rates. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Aim: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">To Identify the health beliefs about breast Self-Examination and its relationships with the frequency of BSE among the women in the University of Tabuk at Saudi Arabia. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Descriptive, cross-sectional correlational design was used; Champion Health Beliefs Model (CHBM) was utilized to assess health beliefs among 400 women who answered a self-administered questionnaire. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Among the 400 respondents, almost all the sample (382,95.5%) heard about BSE. However, only (7.8%) practiced BSE regularly each month in the past year, and (9%) is intended to perform BSE monthly in future. There was a positive relationship between performing BSE last year and </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">the beliefs of susceptibility and confidence. While, intention to perform BSE in the future was significantly correlated to seriousness and confidence. Perceived barriers were negatively related to BSE performance in last 12 months and in </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">future. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Health beliefs affect the behavior of women in practicing BSE. Confidence was related </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54215_55ce389f00d5cece1d4529a10c7adf56.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Hemostatic Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma Patients1271305408110.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.127ENAartiGogiaDepartment of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.MeeraSikkaDepartment of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.SatenderSharmaDepartment of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.UshaRusiaDepartment of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.Journal Article20170824 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic plasma cell disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Diverse hemostatic abnormalities have been reported in patients with myeloma which predispose to bleeding and also thrombosis. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Complete blood count, biochemical parameters and parameters </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">of hemostasis i.e. platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), factor VIII assay results, plasma fibrinogen, D-dimer and lupus anticoagulant, were assessed in 29 MM patients </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and 30 age matched controls. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The most frequent abnormal screening parameter was APTT. Of the six indicative of a bleeding tendency i.e. thrombocytopenia, prolonged PT, APTT, TT, reduced plasma fibrinogen and factor VIII, at least one was abnormal in 8 (27.6%) patients. Of the four prothrombotic markers, lupus anticoagulant, D-dimer, elevated factor VIII and plasma fibrinogen, one or more marker was present in 24 (82.7%). D-dimer was the most common prothrombotic marker, being elevated in 22 (75.9%) patients. One or more laboratory parameter of hemostasis was abnormal in all 29 (100%) patients. Though thrombotic complications are reported to be less frequent as compared to </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">hemorrhagic manifestations, one or more marker of thrombosis was present in 24 (82.7%) patients. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">This </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">study provided laboratory evidence of hemostatic dysfunction which may be associated with thrombotic or bleeding complications at diagnosis in all MM patients. Hence, screening for these abnormalities at the time of diagnosis should help improved prognosis in such cases. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54081_67f680ac6d873d8ac4c4675f39ae5d8b.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Eupatorin and Salvigenin Potentiate Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in HT-29 and SW948 Human Colon Cancer Cells1311395509310.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.131ENNazaninNamazi SarvestaniDepartment of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.HouriSepehriDepartment of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.LadanDelphiDepartment of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.MahdiMoridi FarimaniDepartment of Phytochemistry,
Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20170829 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Cancer persists as one of the world’s most pressing maladies. Notable points about chemotherapy are drug side effects which are almost universally encountered. Emerging knowledge focusing on mechanisms of toxicity due to chemotherapy has led to characterization of novel methods, including the exploitation of natural compounds, in combination therapies. Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds that play protective roles against tumor cell </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">development. The focus of this study was apoptotic effects of two flavonoids, eupatorin and salvigenin, in combination </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">with doxorubicin on a cellular model of colon cancer. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Method: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Upon establishing a non-effective dose of doxorubicin, and effective doses of eupatorin (100μM) and salvigenin (150μM) via MTT, morphological features of apoptosis were distinguished using DAPI staining and cell cycle blockage in the sub-G1 phase. Apoptosis was determined by annexin/ PI and western blotting. ROS levels and MMP were measured to show any role of mitochondria in apoptosis. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Co-administration of flavonoids with doxorubicin induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway as mitochondrial </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">membrane potential and ROS production were changed. Annexin/PI analysis demonstrated that apoptosis frequency </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">was increased with the combination treatments in colon cancer cells. Finally, the combination of these flavonoids with </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">doxorubicin increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3 expression and PARP cleavage. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Combination of </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">flavonoids with doxorubicin induces apoptosis and enhances effect on cancer cells which might allow amelioration of </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">side effects by dose lowering. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55093_65e835eb05feb902ee084ba42b8d8ae1.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Significance of DNA Replication Licensing Proteins (MCM2, MCM5 and CDC6), p16 and p63 as Markers of Premalignant Lesions of the Uterine Cervix: Its Usefulness to Predict Malignant Potential1411485507910.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.141ENVNSarithaDivision of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre,Trivandrum, Kerla, India.VSVeenaDivision of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre,Trivandrum, Kerala, India.KMJagathnath KrishnanDivision of Clinical Epidemology,
Regional Cancer Centre,
Trivandrum, Kerla, India.TharaSomanathanDivision of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre,Trivandrum, Kerala, India.KSujathanMedical College,
Medical College PO, Trivandrum, Kerla, India.0000-0001-9599-7752Journal Article20170831 <br /> <span style="font-size: small;">Cervical cancer continues to be a leading cancer among women in many parts of the world. Nation-wide screening </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">with the Pap smear has not been implemented in India due to the lack of adequately trained cytologists. Identification of biomarkers to predict malignant potential of the identified low risk lesions is essential to avoid excessive retesting and follow up. The current study analyzed the expression patterns of DNA replication licensing proteins, proliferation </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">inhibitor protein p16INK4A and tumor suppresser protein p63 in cervical tissues and smears to assess the ability of these proteins to predict progression. </span><strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Methods: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: small;">Cervical smears and corresponding tissues were immunostained using mouse monoclonal antibodies against MCM2, MCM5, CDC6, p16 and p63. Smears were treated with a non-ionic </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">surfactant sodium deoxycholate prior to immuno-cytochemistry. The standard ABC method of immunohistochemistry </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">was performed using DAB as the chromogen. The immunostained samples were scored on a 0-3+ scale and staining </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">patterns of smears were compared with those of tissue sections. Sensitivity and specificity for each of these markers were </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">calculated taking histopathology as the gold standard. </span><strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Result: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: small;">All the markers were positive in malignant and dysplastic </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">cells. MCM protein expression was found to be up-regulated in LSIL, HSIL and in malignancies to a greater extent than p16 as well as p63. CDC6 protein was preferentially expressed in high grade lesions and in invasive squamous cell carcinomas. A progressive increase in the expression of DNA replication licensing proteins in accordance with the grades of cervical intraepithelial lesion suggests these markers as significant to predict malignant potential of low </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">grade lesions in cervical smears. </span><strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: small;">MCMs and CDC6 can be applied as biomarkers to predict malignant </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">potential of low grade lesions identified in screening programmes and retesting </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55079_ade673a9e2da0f9da6d2e6914067ff6f.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Thai Water Lily Extract Induces B16 Melanoma Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits Cellular Invasion Through the Role of Cellular Oxidants1491535386010.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.149ENParichayaAimvijarnDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.SarawootPalipochSchool of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.SeijiOkadaDivision of Hematopoiesis, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.PrasitSuwannalertDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.0000-0001-7089-8125Journal Article20170904 <br /> <span style="font-size: small;">Melanoma is a cancer that is associated with a high capacity of invasion. Oxidative stress is recognized as cancer growth and progression. The phytochemical pigments of natural products show either anti-oxidant or pro-oxidant activity from the redox system. In addition, the phytophenolics also prevent cancer cell proliferation and progression. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of Thai water lily on cell apoptosis and cellular invasion through the role of cellular oxidants in B16 melanoma cells. Methods: The cytotoxicity and cell apoptosis of Thai water lily </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">extract treating B16 cells were performed by using the MTT and Annexin V/PI-flow cytometry methods, respectively. In </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">addition, cellular oxidants and cancer cell invasion were also obtained by using DCFH-DA and Boyden chamber assays, respectively. Results: Thai water lily, </span><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Nymphaea stellate </span></span></em><span style="font-size: small;">extract was shown to be markedly toxic to B16 melanoma cells with IC50 = 814 μg/ml. The extract at 800 and 1,000 μg/ml demonstrated pro-oxidant activity relating to the cell apoptosis. The low concentrations of the extract at 200 and 400 μg/ml showed the anti-oxidant function associated with the inhibitory effect of melanoma cell invasion. Conclusion: Thai water lily extract may play an important role in bioactive work as a chemo preventive agent on the modulation of cellular oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and suppressed cancer cell invasion. </span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_53860_2fa07b435999cca6e0607178b20636e3.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Knowledge and Practices Related to Screening for Breast Cancer among Women in Delhi, India1551595432710.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.155ENNehaDahiyaDepartment of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.SauravBasuDepartment of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.Megha ChandraSinghDepartment of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.SuneelaGargDepartment of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.0000-0002-2196-1607RajeshKumarDepartment of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.CharuKohliDepartment of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.Journal Article20170908 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Breast cancer is a major public health problem globally. The ongoing epidemiological, socio-cultural and demographic transition by accentuating the associated risk factors has disproportionately increased the incidence of breast cancer cases and resulting mortality in developing countries like India. Early diagnosis with rapid initiation of treatment reduces breast cancer mortality. Therefore awareness of breast cancer risk and a willingness to undergo screening are essential. The objective of the present study was to assess the knowledge and practices relating to screening for breast cancer among women in Delhi. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Data were obtained from 222 adult women using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Rates for knowledge of known risk factors of breast cancer were: family history of breast cancer, 59.5%; smoking, 57.7%; old age, 56.3%; lack of physical exercise, 51.9%; lack of breastfeeding, 48.2%; late menopause, 37.4%; and early menarche, 34.7%. Women who were aged < 30 and those who were unmarried </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">registered significantly higher knowledge scores (p ≤ 0.01). Breast self-examination (BSE) was regularly practiced </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">at-least once a month by 41.4% of the participants. Some 48% knew mammography has a role in the early detection of breast cancer. Since almost three-fourths of the participants believed BSE could help in early diagnosis of breast cancer, which is not supported by evidence, future studies should explore the consequences of promoting BSE at the potential expense of screening mammography. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Our findings highlight the need for awareness generation </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">among adult women regarding risk factors and methods for early detection of breast cancer. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54327_462e9607769bbbdae0d5be50af6b9ccb.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Molecular Subtypes of Indonesian Breast Carcinomas - Lack of Association with Patient Age and Tumor Size1611665407310.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.161ENYeniRahmawatiDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.YunitaSetyawatiDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.IrianiwatiWidodoDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.AhmadGhozaliDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.DewajaniPurnomosariDepartment of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.0000-0002-3972-8387Journal Article20170909 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Breast carcinoma (BC) is a heterogeneous disease that exhibits variation in biological behaviour, prognosis and response to therapy. Molecular classification is generally into Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2+ and triple negative/basal-like, depending on receptor characteristics. Clinical factors that determined the BC prognosis are age and tumor size. Since information on molecular subtypes of Indonesian BCs is limited, the present study was conducted, with attention to subtypes in relation to age and tumor size. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A retrospective cross-sectional study of 247 paraffin-embedded samples of invasive BC from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta in the year 2012- 2015 was performed. Immunohistochemical staining using anti- ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 and CK 5/6 antibodies was applied to classify molecular subtypes. Associations with age and tumor size were analyzed using the Chi Square Test. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The Luminal A was the most common subtype of Indonesian BC (41.3%), followed by triple negative (25.5%), HER2 (19.4%) and luminal B (13.8%). Among the triple negative lesions, the basal-like subtype was more frequent than the non basal-like (58.8 % vs 41.2%). Luminal B accounted for the highest percentage of younger age cases (< 40 years old) while HER2+ was most common in older age (> 50 years old) patients. Triple negative/basal-like were commonly large in size. Age (p = 0.080) and tumor size (p = 0.462) were not significantly associated with molecular subtypes of BC. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The most common molecular subtype of Indonesian BC is luminal A, followed by triple-negative, HER2+ and luminal B. The majority of triple-negative lesions are basal-like. There are no association between age and tumor size with molecular subtypes of Indonesian BCs. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54073_6a84cbe6b2c8ea7692d40062c4ee6925.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Congenital Hypertrophy of Retinal Pigment Epithelium for Diagnosis of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis - the First FAP registry in Iran1671695407610.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.167ENSeyed KazemMirinezhadLiver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.FaridehMousaviDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,
Tabriz, Iran.MasoodBagheriDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,
Tabriz, Iran.BitaSepehriLiver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.AliGhavidelLiver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.MortezaGhojazadehLiver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.Mohammad HossinSomiLiver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.Journal Article20170918 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), an autosomal dominant inherited disorder is characterized by the presence of multiple adenomatous colorectal polyps, which can develop into cancer during early adulthood. Therefore, early diagnosis is essential. Most FAP patients have several extracolonic manifestations, including congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE). Whereas genetic markers may provide the main route to detection of ‘‘at risk’’ subjects , at present this approach is clearly limited and searches for a noninvasive phenotypic marker continue to be high priority.The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of distribution of CHRPE lesions and evaluate their diagnostic value in FAP patients and their family members in a local population. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A total of 23 FAP patients and 26 relatives belonging to 12 families at high risk of developing FAP were subjected to colonoscopic and ophthalmological examination. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Result: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Retinal examinations demonstrated prevalences of CHRPE in FAP patents and </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">their siblings of 78% and 38%, respectively. We were able to illustrate a significant correlation between FAP disease and the presence of retinal lesions. Sensitivity and specificity of CHRPE as a screening test to detect the presence of </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">FAP are 78.3% and 61.5%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 64.3% and a negative predictive value of </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">76.2 %. A "lesion form" significant difference was found between FAP and normal participants.Spearman nonparametric </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">analysis revealed no correlation between age and number or size of lesions. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Multiple CHRPE lesions are </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">a diagnostic feature of FAP patients They are specific and sensitive clinical markers of this disease (specificity 60% </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and sensitivity 77%). </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54076_3a4a1f951ee3adec2a9d2ff0a8c2c247.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Expression of VEGF and Cox-2 in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma1711775400910.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.171ENCaio Cesar FlorianoLuzDepartments of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.JulianaNogutiJohn Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa
Monica, CA, United States of America.LeandroAraujoDepartments of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.ThiagoSimao GomesDepartments of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.GianniMaraStatistics, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.Marcelo De SouzaSilvaDepartments of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.RicardoArtigiani NetoDepartments of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.Journal Article20170919 <br /> <span style="font-size: small;">Esophageal cancer is a highly aggressive neoplasm. In Brazil, it is the sixth most frequent among men and fifteenth </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">among women. The most common type is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), responsible for 96% of cases. Twenty-eight specimens of Esophael squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) were obtained by surgery procedures.The tissues were </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. In each case, all available hematoxylin and eosin stained sections were examined and a representative block was selected. The ages of these patients ranged from 40 to 93 years, with a mean age of 60 years. </span><strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Results: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: small;">The histological grade of tumors was 4 well-differentiated, 19 moderately differentiated and 5 poorly differentiated. Expression of Cox-2 and VEGF in ESCC was demonstrated in 23 (82,14%) and 13 (44,43%) cases, respectively. Adjacent normal mucosa was positive in 11 (39,29%) samples and 9 (32,15%) samples for Cox-2 </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and VEGF, respectively. No relationship between the expression of Cox-2 and VEGF with the clinicopathological parameters, including gender, age, surgical margin, lymph node status and tumor differentiation. The median follow-up </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">period was 60 months. Survival analysis of patients with ESCC showed no relationship with the expression of Cox-2 </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and VEGF. </span></span><strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size: small;">VEGF and Cox-2 are expressed in ESCC. Cox-2, VEGF, play a significant role in the origin </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and development of ESCC and the inhibitors of these proteins could prove to be an important therapeutic tool in the control of this disease. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54009_897370e8fcc8d7e59b610b345017b6ac.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Can Histological Grade and Mitotic Index Replace Ki67 to Determine Luminal Breast Cancer Subtypes?1791835509410.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.179ENDavidOddoDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.DahianaPulgarDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.NicoleElguetaDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.FranciscoAcevedoDepartment of Hematology- Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.DravnaRazmilicDepartment of Radiology, School
of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.Maria ElenaNavarroDepartment of Radiology, School
of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.MauricioCamusDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.TomasMerinoDepartment of Hematology- Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.IgnacioRetamalCentro de Investigacion en Oncologia Traslacional (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.AlejandraPerez-SepulvedaCentro de Investigacion en Oncologia Traslacional (CITO), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.AlejandraVillarroelDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.HectorGalindoDepartment of Hematology- Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.0000-0001-5741-2266JoséPeñaDepartment of Hematology- Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.CesarSanchezDepartment of Hematology- Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.Journal Article20170923 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Introduction: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Breast cancer can be classified into subtypes based on immunohistochemical markers, with Ki67 expression levels being used to divide luminal BC tumors in luminal A and B subtypes; however, Ki67 is not routinely determined due to a lack of standardization. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">To evaluate histological grade and Eliminate: the mitotic index </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">to determine if they can be used as an alternative method to Ki67 staining for luminal subtype definition. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">We evaluated estrogen receptor positive breast cancer tissue samples. Pathological analysis included determination </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">of Ki67. A low level of Ki67 was defined as <14% positive cells. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">We evaluated 151 breast cancer samples; </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">24 (15,9%) were classified as I; 74 as HG II (49%), and 53 (35,1%) as HG III. The median value for Ki67 was 13% (range: <1% - 82%) and for MI was 2 (0-12). Histological grade I tumors exhibited Ki67 values significantly lower than HG II and III tumors (Anova, Tamhane test p=0,001). A higher Ki67 value was related to a higher MI (Rho Sperman p=0,336; R2= 0,0273). ROC curve analysis determined that a MI ≥ 3 had a sensibility of 61.9% and specificity of 66.7% in predicting a high Ki67 value (≥14%) (area under the curve: 0,691; p =0,0001). A HG I tumor or HG II-III with MI ≤2, had a high probability of corresponding to a LA tumor (76,3%), as defined using Ki67 expression, while the probability of a LB subtype was higher with HG II-III and a MI ≥3 (57.4%). Global discrimination was 68.1%. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">For the LA subtype, our predictive model showed a good correlation of HG and MI with the classification based on Ki67<14%. In the LB subtype, the model showed a weak correlation; therefore Ki67 determination seems to </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">be needed for this group of patients. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55094_ada2e78b63233f99641fe5ef1d851eef.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Molecular Subtypes, Apoptosis and Proliferation Status in Indonesian Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Cases1851915509610.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.185ENYosintaSnakDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.IndrawatiFDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.KartikaWidayatiDivision of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaNurArfianDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.NungkiAnggorowatiDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Journal Article20170924 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has two major molecular subtypes, germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) and non-GCB. These have differing behavior which affects overall patient survival. However, immunohistochemistry based molecular subtyping of Indonesian DLBCLs has been limited. This was the focus of the present study, with a focus of attention on the apoptotic index (AI) and the proliferation index (PI) of the two molecular subtypes. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">During the study period of 3.5 years, a total of 98 cases of DLBCL were identified. Molecular subtypes and PI were determined by immunohistochemistry and TUNEL method was used to determine </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">the AI. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Result: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">GCB accounted for 31 cases (31.6%) and non-GCB the remainder (68.4%). Gender showed a slight male predominance (54 cases, 55.1%), with a higher incidence in the extra-nodal region (57 cases, 58.2%). The AI </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and PI were significantly higher in GCB (p</span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The findings indicate that the non-GCB subtype is more common than GCB in Indonesian DLBCL. GCB features significantly higher PI and AI, </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">which themselves appear linked. </span></span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55096_4cf4c75787d03179c2d6c9d6d51f3feb.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Evaluation of HPV DNA positivity in colorectal cancer patients in Kerman, Southeast Iran1931985432910.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.193ENRezaMalekpour AfsharPathology and Stem Cell Research center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.ZeinabDeldarDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.Hamid RezaMollaeiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.0000-0001-6874-0011Seyed AlimohammadArabzadehDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.MaryamIranpourPhisiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.Journal Article20171003 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The HPV virus is known to be oncogenic and associations with many cancers has been proven. Although many studies have been conducted on the possible relationship with colorectal cancer (CRC), a definitive role of the virus has yet to be identified. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Method: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">In this cross-sectional study, the frequency of HPV positivity in CRC </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">samples in Kerman was assessed in 84 cases with a mean age of 47.7 ± 12.5 years over two years. Qualitative real </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">time PCR was performed using general primers for the L1 region of HPV DNA. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Out of 84 CRC samples, 19 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">(22.6%), proved positive for HPV DNA. Genotyping of positive samples showed all of these to be of high risk HPV type. Prevalence of HPV infection appears to depend geographic region, life style, diet and other factors. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">In </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">our location frequency of CRC is low, and this limited the sample size for evaluation of HPV DNA. The most prevalent types were HPV types 51 and 56. While HPV infection may play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis, this </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">needs to be assessed in future studies. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54329_c540a938552fdf4db10af4aba000ab92.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Genetic Polymorphism of Thiopurine S-methyltransferase in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Jordan1992055421810.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.199ENMervatAlsousDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.0000-0002-6678-670XAl-MotassemYousefDepartment of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.MariamAbdel JalilDepartment of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.MohammedZawiahDepartment of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.ShorouqYacoubDepartment of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.DeemaMomaniClinical Pharmacy Department, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.AliaGharabliClinical Pharmacy Department, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.SuhaOmarClinical Pharmacy Department, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.RawadRihaniDepartment of Paediatric Oncology, Paediatric Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.Journal Article20171003 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background and Aims: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">It has been demonstrated that homozygote and heterozygote mutant allele carriers for thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) are at high risk of developing myelosuppression after receiving standard doses </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of TPMT deficient alleles in children </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Jordan and to compare it with other ethnic groups. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">We included 52 ALL childhood cases from King Hussein Cancer Research Center in Jordan. Genotyping of the rs1800460, rs1800462, and rs1142345 SNPs was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing. Comparisons were made with historical data for controls and for both volunteers and cases from other middle-eastern countries. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Mutant TPMT alleles were present in 3.8% (2/52) of patients. Allelic frequencies were 1.0% for both TPMT*B and </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">TPMT*C. None of the patients were heterozygous or homozygous for TPMT*3A or TPMT *2. We did not find statistically significant differences in the distribution of mutant alleles between Jordan and other middle-eastern countries for both </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">healthy volunteers or ALL patients. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The overall frequency of TPMT mutant alleles was low and did not exhibit differences compared to other middle-eastern countries, including Jordanian studies assessing TPMT mutant alleles in healthy volunteers. The current results question the value of TPMT genotyping in the Jordanian population. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54218_deededccaef853f94a45da05b7d2187f.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101RapidArc vs Conventional IMRT for Head and Neck Cancer Irradiation: Is Faster Necessary Better?2072115433110.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.207ENKarimMashhourDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.0000-0001-9980-6474MahaKamaleldinDepartment of Medical Physics, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, Egypt.WedadHashemDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.Journal Article20171005 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Purpose: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The aim of this study was to dosimetrically evaluate and compare double arc RapidArc (RA) with </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">conventional IMRT (7 fields) plans for irradiation of locally advanced head and neck cancers (LAHNC), focusing on </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">target coverage and doses received by organs at risk (OAR). </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Computed tomography scans of 20 patients </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">with LAHNC were obtained. Contouring of the target volumes and OAR was done. Two plans were made for each </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">patient, one using IMRT and the other double arc RA, and calculated doses to planning target volume (PTV) and OAR were compared. Monitor units for each technique were also calculated. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">PTV coverage was similar with both </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">techniques. The homogeneity index (HI) was higher for the IMRT plans with a value of 0.108 ± 0.021 compared to 0.0975 ± 0.017 for double arc RA plans (p-value of 0.540). The double arc RA plans achieved a better conformity with a CI95%= 1.01 ± 0.021 compared to 1.05 ± 0.057 achieved with the IMRT plans (p-value of 0.036). The average monitor units (MU) ±SD were 930.5 ± 142.42 for the IMRT plans as opposed to 484.25 ± 69.47 for the double arc RA plans (P-value of 0.002). Double arc plans provided better OAR sparing with a significant p-value of 0.002 and 0.004 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">for the right and left parotid glands, respectively. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">RA is a rapid and accurate technique that uses lower MUs than conventional IMRT. Double arc plans provide better dose conformity, OAR sparing and a more homogeneous target coverage compared to IMRT. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54331_80a4bd3e6edd91ca5bcfeef68b662de1.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Intra-Operative Frozen Sections for Ovarian Tumors – A Tertiary Center Experience2132185433410.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.213ENNur ZaitiMd ArshadDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Beng KwangNgDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Noor AsmalizaMd PaimanDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Km 6, Jln Langgar, Bandar Alor Setar, 05460 Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia.ZalehaAbdullah MahdyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.RushdanMohd NoorDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Km 6, Jln Langgar, Bandar Alor Setar, 05460 Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia.Journal Article20171007 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Accuracy of diagnosis with intra-operative frozen sections is extremely important in the evaluation of ovarian tumors so that appropriate surgical procedures can be selected. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Study design: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">All patients who with intra-operative frozen sections for ovarian masses in a tertiary center over nine years from June 2008 until April 2017 were </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">reviewed. Frozen section diagnosis and final histopathological reports were compared. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Main outcome measures: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of intra-operative frozen section as compared to final </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">histopathological results for ovarian tumors. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A total of 92 cases were recruited for final evaluation. The frozen section diagnoses were comparable with the final histopathological reports in 83.7% of cases. The sensitivity, specificity, </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">positive predictive value and negative predictive value for benign and malignant ovarian tumors were 95.6%, 85.1%, 86.0% and 95.2% and 69.2%, 100%, 100% and 89.2% respectively. For borderline ovarian tumors, the sensitivity and </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">specificity were 76.2% and 88.7%, respectively; the positive predictive value was 66.7% and the negative predictive </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">value was 92.7%. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The accuracy of intra-operative frozen section diagnoses for ovarian tumors is high and this approach remains a reliable option in assessing ovarian masses intra-operatively. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54334_cb9b566823fb2b6b564df46d92a2c6f2.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Expression Patterns of TTF-1, RAGE, GLUT-1 and SOX2 in HCV-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinomas2192275506510.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.219ENTarekAboushoushaPathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.0000-0002-6686-2442SamahMamdouhBiochemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.0000-0001-5979-3189HussamHamdySurgical Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.NohaHelalPathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.0000000304738857FatmaKhorshedBiochemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.0000-0003-0642-1239GehanSafwatFaculty of Biotechnology, October University of Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt.MohamedSeleemNational Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20171009 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">To investigate the expression of TTF-1, RAGE, GLUT1 and SOX2 in HCV-associated HCCs and in surrounding non-tumorous liver tissue. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Material and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Tissue material from partial hepatectomy cases for HCC along with corresponding serum samples and 30 control serum samples from healthy volunteers were studied. </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Biopsies were classified into: non-tumor hepatic tissue (36 sections); HCC (33 sections) and liver cell dysplasia </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">(LCD) (15 sections). All cases were positive for HCV. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), gene extraction and quantitative real-time reverse-transcription assays (qRT-PCR) were applied. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">By IHC, LCD and HCC showed significantly high percentages of positive cases with all markers. SOX2 showed significant increase with higher HCC grades, while </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">RAGE demonstrated an inverse relation and GLUT-1 and TTF-1 lacked any correlation. In nontumorous-HCV tissue, </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">we found significantly high TTF-1, low RAGE and negative SOX2 expression. RAGE, GLUT-1 and SOX2 show non-significant elevation positivity in high grade HCV compared to low grade lesions. TTF-1, RAGE and SOX2 exhibited low expression in cirrhosis compared to fibrosis. Biochemical studies on serum and tissue extracts revealed significant down-regulation of RAGE, GLUT-1 and SOX2 genes, as well as significant up-regulation of the TTF-1 gene in HCC cases compared to controls. All studied genes show significant correlation with HCC grade. In non-tumor tissue, only TTF-1 gene expression had a significant correlation with the fibrosis score. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Higher expression of TTF-1, RAGE, GLUT-1 and SOX2 in HCC and dysplasia compared to non-tumor tissues indicates up-regulation of these markers as early events during the development of HCV-associated HCC. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55065_fad95bde10c59df9f6bff1c00abb4638.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Minimum Residual Disease in Patients Post Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer: Theoretical Considerations, Clinical Implications and Treatment Outcome2292365433710.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.229ENNigel PMurrayCTC Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.0000-0001-8154-8550SocratesAedoCTC Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.0000-0001-5567-3374CynthiaFuentealbaUrology Service, Hospital de Carabineros de Chile, Santiago, Chile.0000-000304100-6997EduardoReyesFaculty of Medicine
University, Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile.0000-0001-8430-3030AnibalSalazarUrology Service, Hospital de Carabineros de Chile, Santiago, Chile.Journal Article20171016 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Introduction: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Minimal residual disease (MRD) remaining after curative therapy for prostate cancer has the potential for growth and can result in metastasis. Circulating prostate cells (CPCs) and bone marrow micro-metastasis (mM) could represent different types of MRD. We here determined; biochemical failure free survival rates; time to BF after 10 years follow-up; and the presence of CPCs and mM in patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods and Patients: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">One month after RP, blood and bone marrow were sampled for assessment of CPCs </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">and mM. Cases were classified as: group A, CPC negative and mM negative; group B, CPC negative and mM positive; </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Group C, CPC positive and mM negative; and Group D, CPC positive and mM positive. Subjects were followed with </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">serial determination of PSA levels, recording the time at which BF occurred defined as a serum PSA >0.2ng/ml. After </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">ten years of follow-up Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated and the restricted mean survival time (RMST) for each group calculated. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A total of 321 men participated, 140 in group A with survival of 92.7% (86.3 to 96.2), 39 in group B with 55.8% (37.2 to 70.9); 54 in group C with 6.41% (1.19 to 18.21) and 88 in group D with 4.96%(1.64 to 11.13%. The RMST (in years) were: group A, 9.47 (9.24 to 9.69); group B, 9.23 (8.87 to 9.58); group C, 4.62 (4.46 to 4.77); and group D, 3.57 (3.52 and 3.63) (p-value</span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">CPC positive men have more aggressive disease, with increased early failure; men who are only positive for mM are at greater risk of late failure. These two forms of MRD represent different clinical entities with respect to biochemical failure and could be used to guide clinical treatment decisions. </span></span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54337_39d88b1ec7ac97325ce53a0a421fe724.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Increased Risk of Penile Cancer among Men Working in Agriculture2372415379310.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.237ENPorfírio Fernandes De MedeirosJuniorDepartamento de Urologia, Hospital Napoleão Laureano, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil.Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil.Eugênio Henrique VilelaSilvaPrograma de pós-graduação em Saúde Publica. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil.Kevin LeiteMouraPrograma de pós-graduação em Saúde Publica. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil.YasminDe AquinoPrograma de pós-graduação em Saúde Publica. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil.MathiasWellerDepartamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil.0000-0002-5881-4256Journal Article20171019 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Previous Brazilian studies have indicated that working in agriculture could lead to an increased risk of penile cancer. The present descriptive study aimed at establishing a possible association between penile cancer and agricultural occupation. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Materials and methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Data on a total of 103 penile cancer patients were obtained from medical records of two reference centres for cancer treatment in the state of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. Information about sexual behaviour was obtained in interviews for 48 cases. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Of 103 patients 38 and 52 were illiterate and had not completed graduation, respectively, and 60 earned less than twice the minimum wage. All together, 72 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">(70%) worked in agriculture and 39 confirmed involvement in application of agrochemicals. A history of phimosis </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">was noted for 42 (69%) out of 61 patients and 40 (59%) out of 68 ever smoked. Pathological signs of HPV infection </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">were detected in 45 (70%) out of 64 patients. Of the 48 interviewed patients, 27 (56%) confirmed sexual contact with </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">prostitutes and eight (19%) out of 43 had sex with animals. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Data confirmed the presence of several risk </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">factors for penile cancer, like phimosis, smoking, HPV infection and promiscuous sexual behaviour. The high number of Brazilian agricultural workers with penile cancer was unexpected if compared with other professional groups. Future studies should focus on this group of men and elucidate possible reasons for their increased risk. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_53793_0a7be9ad859d677ed9e62bdcc775337d.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Cancer Diagnosis Epigenomics Scientific Workflow Scheduling in the Cloud Computing Environment Using an Improved PSO Algorithm2432465379410.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.243ENSadhasivamNDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, India.BalamuruganRDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, India.0000-0003-1348-2291PandiMDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, India.0000-0002-1821-9727Journal Article20171021 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Epigenetic modifications involving DNA methylation and histone statud are responsible for the stable maintenance of cellular phenotypes. Abnormalities may be causally involved in cancer development and therefore could have diagnostic potential. The field of epigenomics refers to all epigenetic modifications implicated in control of gene expression, with a focus on better understanding of human biology in both normal and pathological states. Epigenomics scientific workflow is essentially a data processing pipeline to automate the execution of various genome sequencing operations or tasks. Cloud platform is a popular computing platform for deploying large scale epigenomics scientific workflow. Its dynamic environment provides various resources to scientific users on a pay-per-use billing model. Scheduling epigenomics scientific workflow tasks is a complicated problem in cloud platform. We here focused on application of an improved particle swam optimization (IPSO) algorithm for this purpose. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The IPSO algorithm was applied to find suitable resources and allocate epigenomics tasks so that the total cost was minimized for detection of epigenetic abnormalities of potential application for cancer diagnosis. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Result: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The results showed that IPSO based task to resource mapping reduced total cost by 6.83 percent as compared to the traditional PSO algorithm. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The results for various cancer diagnosis tasks showed that IPSO based task to resource mapping can achieve better costs when compared to PSO based mapping for epigenomics scientific application workflow. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_53794_c50333ab45fc6483ce1ea6b5e1b47ceb.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Cancer Prevention Activity of Novel Modified Heterocyclic Compounds2472525513010.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.247ENVijayakumarKDepartment of Chemistry, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur- 639 113, Tamilnadu, India.0000-0001-5755-0562SountharrajanSDepartment of Computer Science, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathy, Erode, Tamilnadu, India.0000-0002-6071-1088SuganyaEDepartment of Computer Science, Bannari
Amman Institute of Technology, Sathy, Erode, Tamilnadu, India.Journal Article20171101 <br /> <span style="font-size: small;">Anticancer approaches may employ change of molecular structure to enhance preventive influence of chemical agents. The present examination concerned the potential anticancer impact of modified heterocyclic compounds. A </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">strategy was developed to combine tetrazole moieties from different diamines with 2-aminobenzoic and substituted benzoyl chloride compounds with attention to synthesis, characterization and assessment of cancer preventive activity, applying IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and Mass spectra. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55130_83f2b25fc3b671345123ccb856965152.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Dose Calculation Accuracy of AAA and AcurosXB Algorithms for Small Central and Interface Lung Lesions - Verification with Gafchromic Film Dosimetry2532595514010.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.253ENAnanda Giri BabuAlagarResearch and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.Department of Radiation Oncology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India.K.MGANESHResearch and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.Department of Radiation Physics, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India.KarunakaranKaviarasuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India.Journal Article20171104 <br /> <span style="font-size: small;">Dose calculation for small field radiotherapy with heterogeneity often involves discrepancies, so that algorithms </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">used by treatment planning systems (TPS) should be evaluated with reference to achieving optimal treatment results. Accuracy of two model based algorithms, AcurosXB (AcXB) and the analytical anisotropic algorithm (AAA) from </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">Eclipse TPS, were here tested. Measurements are made using Gafchromic EBT3 films with indigenously generated lung </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">phantoms irradiated with 6 MV photons. Lung phantoms contained two types of tumor plugs, one kept at an interface attached to the chest wall in right lung (RIT) and the other at the centre of the left lung (LCT). RIT and LCT were studied with two different tumor diameters, 1.5 cm and 2.5 cm. Scanned images were planned in TPS with 3D-CRT, </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">IMRT and VMAT and individual plans for each tumor were irradiated keeping the Gafchromic film at the centre of </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">the tumor to evaluate the dose distribution in the central plane. Both algorithms, irrespective of delivery techniques, showed more deviation with smaller than larger diameter tumors. Also, both demonstrated maximum deviation at the junction of tumor and lung in both RIT and LCT cases. However, the deviation observed was higher with AAA and a minimal acceptable deviation of within 4 % was achieved with AcurosXB. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55140_6a2aed9d63626407038d776452f4f2b2.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Fast Foods, Sweets and Beverage Consumption and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Jordan2612695514510.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.261ENReema FTayyemThe University of Jordan, Faculty of Agriculture, Amman, Jordan.Hiba ABawadiHealth Sciences
Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.IhabShehadahChief Gastroenterology Division, King Hussein Cancer Center Jordan, Amman, Jordan.Kamal EBani-HaniFaculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.HamedTakruriThe University of Jordan, Faculty of Agriculture, Amman, Jordan.TareqAl-JaberiUniversity of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.Dennis DHeathCancer Prevention and Control Program, Moores
Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.Journal Article20171104 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The effects of consuming fast foods, sweets and beverages on the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) are unclear. The aim of this case-control study was to assess possible associations between the consumption of different fast foods, sweets and beverages and CRC risk in a Jordanian population. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Two hundred and twenty diagnosed CRC cases and 281 controls were enrolled. Diet history was obtained using a validated quantitative questionnaire. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Consumption of some types of fast food, and particularly falafel, was associated with an increased risk of developing CRC. Elevated risk was found for potato and corn chips with an AOR of 4.36 (95%CI: 1.24-15.28) </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">for daily consumption and 3.33 (95%CI: 1.00-11.11) for ≥5 servings/week. Consuming 1-2 or >5 servings per week of </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">fried potatoes or 2-3 servings per week of chicken in sandwiches also increased the risk while exposure to fresh tomato juice and hot pepper sauce on a monthly basis appeared to exert a protective effect. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Consumption of fried </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">fast food items was significantly linked with an increased risk of developing CRC in Jordan. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55145_0e0fd7d1707ca5502de0239f7d1c33fd.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Lack of Association between Red Meat Consumption and a Positive Fecal Immunochemical Colorectal Cancer Screening Test in Khon Kaen, Thailand: a Population- Based Randomized Controlled Trial2712785530510.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.271ENPutthikraiPramualDoctor of Public Health Program, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.ASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.PongdechSarakarnASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.0000-0002-0549-9993SiripornKamsa-ardASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.ChananyaJirapornkulASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.NaowaratManeeninASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.PrasertThavondunstidASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Department of Public Health Administration, Health Promotion and Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.PrachakJuntarachNamphong District Public health Office, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.SupanneePromthetASEAN Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Thailand.0000-0001-5787-1948Journal Article20171107 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">There is convincing evidence from epidemiological studies that meat consumption increases colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, assessment of any association with a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in CRC screening has been limited. If a link could be shown this might be helpful for establishing a risk group for colonoscopy. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">This study aimed to assess any association between meat consumption and other lifestyle factors and a positive FIT result in a Thai population. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 1,167 participants in a population-based randomized controlled trial. CRC was screened from May 2016 - February 2017. Subjects aged 45-74 years who met the eligibility criteria were randomly allocated to the study arm. A positive FIT was determined with cut-off 100 ng/mL. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze any relationship between lifestyle factors and a positive FIT. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Result: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The total number of subjects was 1,060 (90.8% return rate of FIT). With FIT100, FIT150, and FIT200, positive tests were found in 92 (8.68%), 74 (6.98%), and 60 (5.66%), respectively. No </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">significant associations were noted with any of the variables, except for being aged 60-74 years (ORadj = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.03-2.54) Borderline significance was observed for high consumption of vegetables (ORadj = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.36-1.07) and being male (ORadj = 1.39, 95% CI: 0.87-2.22). </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Despite the evidence from the literature, no association was here found between a positive FIT result and meat consumption or other well-established lifestyle parameters. Being aged 60-74 years was a risk factor which should be taken into account in CRC screening strategy in countries like Thailand with limited access to endoscopy. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55305_78a21d876baae5954e8689c3c7079c07.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101Photodynamic Cancer Therapy Using Wavelet Based Monte Carlo Computation of Light Absorption with a Genetic Algorithm2792825513810.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.279ENMeenaakshi SundhariR PDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, P.A. College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Coimbatore,
Tamil Nadu, India.Journal Article20171120 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The method to treating cancer that combines light and light-sensitive drugs to selectively destroy tumour cells without harming healthy tissue is called photodynamic therapy (PDT). It requires accurate data for light dose distribution, generated with scalable algorithms. One of the benchmark approaches involves Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. This gives an accurate assessment of light dose distribution, but is very demanding in computation time, which prevents routine application for treatment planning. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">In order to resolve this problem, a design for MC simulation based on the gold standard software in biophotonics was implemented with a large modern wavelet based genetic algorithm search (WGAS). </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Result: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The accuracy of the proposed method was compared to that with the standard optimization method using a realistic skin model. The maximum stop band attenuation of the designed LP, </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">HP, BP and BS filters was assessed using the proposed WGAS algorithm as well as with other methods. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">In this paper, the proposed methodology employs intermediate wavelets which improve the diversification rate of the charged genetic algorithm search and that leads to significant improvement in design effort efficiency. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_55138_bee6d55177e5b732cbf1bf4bc8224bd4.pdfWest Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), APOCP's West Asia Chapter.Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention1513-736819120180101A Modified Epirubicin and Oxaliplatin Plus Capecitabine (EOX) Regimen as a Second- Line Therapy in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer2832905430010.22034/APJCP.2018.19.1.283ENYakupBozkayaDepartment of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara,Turkey.Nuriye YıldırımÖzdemirDepartment of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara,Turkey.OzanYaziciDepartment of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara,Turkey.Nebi SerkanDemirciDepartment of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara,Turkey.AlicanKurtipekDepartment of Internal Medicine, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara,Turkey.Gökmen UmutErdemDepartment of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara,Turkey.YakupErgünDepartment of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara,Turkey.NurullahZenginDepartment of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara,Turkey.Journal Article20171125 <br /> <strong><span style="font-size: small;">Objective: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an mEOX (modified epirubicin, oxaliplatin plus capecitabine) regimen as second line therapy after failure of mDCF (modified docetaxel, cisplatin plus fluorouracil). </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Gastic </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">cancer patients for whom first-line therapy was unsuccessful and who subsequently received mEOX (epirubicin 50 mg/ </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">m</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2 </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">on day 1, oxaliplatin 85 mg/m² day 1 and capecitabine twice-daily dose of 625 mg/ m</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: xx-small;">2</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">, p.o. for 2 weeks) every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, were retrospectively analyzed. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">The study population </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">comprised 129 cases with a median age of 55 years (range= 27-78), the majority being male (76 %). Most (75.2%) had ≥ 2 sites of metastasis. The median number of chemotherapy courses was five (range= 2–9). Forty-nine achieved a partial response and 33 showed stable disease, resulting in a ORR (overall response rate) of 38% and a DCR (disease control rate) of 63.6%. The most frequent features of grade 3-4 hematological and non-hematological toxicity were neutropenia (8.5%) and nausea/vomiting (5.4%). None of the patients suffered death due to toxicity. The median PFS was 4.7 months (95% CI, 4.1–5.3) and the OS was 7.4 months (95% CI, 6.3–8.5). On multivariate analysis, age ≥ 60 years and ECOG performance status (0-1) were independent prognostic factors affecting PFS and OS. </span></span><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Conslusions: </span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">In advanced gastric cancer patients, who progress after first line chemotherapy and have an ECOG performance status </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,Times New Roman; font-size: small;">of 0-1, mEOX is a well tolerated triple regimen associated with a promising OS and PFS. </span></span>https://journal.waocp.org/article_54300_4ce583c6a496def77a6dbf3dfc706bca.pdf