The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model and Social Support on the Rate of Participation of Individuals in Performing Fecal Occult Blood Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

1 Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.

2 Student of Medicine, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.

3 Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa,Iran.

4 Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

5 Department of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Among the screening tests for colorectal cancer, fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is important in
comparison other methods due to its ease of use and low cost.The aim of this study is to survey the effect of educational
intervention based on health belief model and social support on the rate of participation of individuals in performing
fecal occult blood test for colorectal cancer screening among men who referred to the health centers in FasaCity, Fars
province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 200 men (100 in experimental group and
100 in control group) in FasaCity, Fars province, Iranwere selected in 2017. A questionnaire consisting of demographic
information, knowledge, HBM constructs (perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self- efficacy and cues
to action) and social support was used to measure the rate of participation of individuals in performing Fecal Occult
Blood Test for colorectal cancer screening before and three months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using
SPSS22 viadescriptive and inferential statistics, paired t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and independent t-test at
a significance level of 0.5. Results: The mean age of the men was 63.18 ± 8.25 years in the experimental group and
65.11 ± 7.66 years in the control group. Three months after the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant
increase in the knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, Self-efficacy, cues to action,
social support and the level of referrals (participation) of subjects for FOBTcompared to the control group. Conclusion:
This study showed the effectiveness of HBM constructs and social support in adoption of the level of participation of
subjects for FOBTin men. Hence, these models can act as a framework for designing and implementing educational
interventions for undergoing FOBT.

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