GSTM1, GSTT1 and CYP1A1 Polymorphisms and Risk of Oral Cancer: a Case-control Study in Jakarta, Indonesia

Purpose: to investigate genetic polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1 and CYP1A1 and the association withthe risk of oral cancer in the Jakarta population.
Method: A total of 81 cases and 162 controls matched for ageand sex were selected from 5 hospitals in Jakarta. Sociodemographic data using questionnaires were obtainedand peripheral blood samples were collected with informed consent for PCR-RFLP assay. Conditional logisticregression analysis was performed to obtain the association between the risk of oral cancer and GSTM1, GSTT1and CYP1A1 polymorphisms.
Results: GSTM1 and GSTT1 null were slightly overrepresented among cases(60.5% and 45.7% respectively) compared to controls (55.6% and 41.4% respectively), but no statisticallysignificant differences were observed. In contrast, the distribution of CYP1A1 polymorphism was higher amongcontrols compared to cases (52.5 % versus 42.4 %). The odds ratio of null GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes wasslightly higher compared to wild type genotypes (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.70-2.02 and OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.72-2.05respectively). Furthermore, the presence of CYP1A1 polymorphism did not increase the risk of oral cancer (OR0.70, 95% 0.39-1.25).
Conclusion: Genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and CYP1A1 may not be riskfactors for oral cancer in the Jakarta population.