Incidence and Epidemiological Features of Cancers of the Genitourinary Tract in Izmir between 1993-2002

Background: There is a relative lack of epidemiological data on cancer in Turkey, which is a large countrywith a population of 71 million. The first population-based registry in the country is Izmir Cancer Registry(ICR) which was not established until 1992. The present study, aiming to address the gap in this kind ofepidemiological data for this part of the world, reports the incidence of cancers of the genitourinary tract inIzmir province over a ten year period.
Methods: Cancer incidence data for 1993-2002 was obtained from theICR database, which employs a population based registry system, and actively collects data by followinginternational registration rules. Annual crude and age standardized incidence rates were calculated for thewhole period and also for ear lier and later periods.
Results: The age-standardized incidence rate (worldpopulation) for all sites was 198.3 per 100,000 for males and 116.4 per 100,000 for females. The most commonprimary sites for men were lung (35.6%), bladder (7.8%), colon and rectum (6.1%), larynx (5.7%) and prostate(5.4%). For women, the principal cancers were breast (28.7%), colon and rectum (7.2%), corpus uteri (5.3%),cervix uteri (4.8%) and lung (4.7%). Urogenital cancers accounted for 11.2% of all new cancer cases for the1993-2002 period in Izmir. Of the total, 89.6% were observed in males and 10.4% were diagnosed in females.Carcinoma of the bladder was the most common among the urogenital cancers in Izmir province (Agestandardized incidence rate, world standard population17.1 per 100 000).
Conclusions: Bladder cancer incidenceswere quite high, especially for men, and appear to be increasing. Prostate cancer has lower incidence rates ascompared to western countries, but the trend is for rise. Although there might be an underestimate of incidences,owing to an inability to use data from death certificates, the overall profile is an accurate reflection of incidencein this region of Turkey and provides adequate information for planning strategies for cancer control.