Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians have a cancer incidence for all sites combined equivalentto or slightly lower than for other Australians. They have a higher incidence of cancers of the cervix, liver andgallbladder, oesophagus, unknown primary site, mouth and throat, lung and pancreas, but a lower incidence ofcancers of the prostate, female breast, colon/rectum and skin (melanoma). Case survivals are lower for Aboriginaland Torres Strait Islander patients, partly due to an excess of cancer types with a high case fatality, relativelylow numbers with a low case fatality, and due to more advanced cancer stages at diagnosis. After accounting forthese factors, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians still fare worse, probably due to elevated comorbidityand less complete care resulting from geographic remoteness, limited access to transport andaccommodation services, and sometimes a cultural disconnect with mainstream services.
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