ABO and Rh Blood Groups in Relation to Ovarian, Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Risk Among The Population of South-East Siberia

Background: There is a large amount of evidence that the ABO blood group system may play a role indisease etiology. A relationship between ABO and Rhesus blood groups and cancer risk has been demonstratedin a number of studies. However, in relation to gynecological malignancies, these findings are inconsistent andcontradictory. Aim: To perform a case-control study for analysis of the distribution of ABO and Rh bloodantigens among women from South-East Siberia who suffered from ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer,and to assess the potential role of these antigens in carcinogenesis. Design, Subjects and
Methods: A total of1,163 cases with ovarian cancer (n=551), endometrial cancer (n=440) and cervical cancer (n=172) were involvedin the study. The control group was formed from 22,581 female blood donors. Blood groups were determinedthrough patients medical records and blood donor records. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)were calculated. The blood group O was defined as the referent group, as it has the greatest frequency in thepopulations of Southern Siberia. P values less than 0.05 were regarded as statistically significant.
Results: Wefound that carriage of non-O blood types increased the risk of ovarian cancer by 40-60%, and the magnitudeof this relationship was strongest in women with the AB (IV) blood group. Carriage of the A (II) blood groupstrongly correlated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer in premenopausal, but not in postmenopausal women.No statistically significant correlations were obtained for endometrial cancer and cervical cancer. Additionally,we did not observe a relationship between Rhesus factor and cancer risk.
Conclusion: We suggest that carriageof non-O blood groups may elevate risk of ovarian cancer and can play a role in its development.