Association of Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Occurrence - a Case Control Study from Kathmandu Valley

Objective: To assess associations of Type II DM with hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence in Nepal. Materialsand
Methods: This case control study was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in theDepartment of Biochemistry of Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences between 1st January, 2012, and 31stAugust, 2012. The variables collected were age, gender, HbA1c. All biochemical parameters were analyzed inthe Central Laboratory of our hospital by standard validated methods. One way ANOVA was used to examinethe statistical significant difference between groups with the LSD post-hoc test for comparison of means of casegroups. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using simple logistic-regression analysis.
Results: Etiological factorsfor HCC were HBV, HCV, alcohol and cryptogenic cirrhosis. The highest age group belonged to the etiologicalcategory of HCV with a mean of 71.9±3.6 (CI 69.3, 74.5) years and the lowest age group to the etiologicalcategory of HBV with 61.7±5.3(CI 57.9, 65.5) years. The main imperative basis of HCC in present study wasHCV (39.5%) and second most significant cause of HCC was alcohol (26%). Glycated hemoglobin was found tobe more in males with HCC (7.9%) as compared to females (7.3%). The percentage of Type II diabetes mellituswas greater in HCC patients when compared to controls. This difference was statistically significant with anodd ratio of 4.63 (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Type II DM influences incidence, risk of recurrence, overall survival,and treatment-related complications in HCC patients.