Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women affecting up to one third of tehm during their lifespans.Increased expression of some genes due to polymorphisms increases the risk of breast cancer incidence. Sincemutations that are recognized to increase breast cancer risk within families are quite rare, identification of theseSNPs is very important. The most important loci which include mutations are; BRCA1, BRCA2, PTEN, ATM,TP53, CHEK2, PPM1D, CDH1, MLH1, MRE11, MSH2, MSH6, MUTYH, NBN, PMS1, PMS2, BRIP1, RAD50,RAD51C, STK11 and BARD1. Presence of SNPs in these genes increases the risk of breast cancer and associateddiagnostic markers are among the most reliable for assessing prognosis of breast cancer. In this article we reviewedthe hereditary genes of breast cancer and SNPs associated with increasing the risk of breast cancer that wererecently were reported from candidate gene, meta-analysis and GWAS studies. SNPs of genes associated withbreast cancer can be used as a potential tool for improving cancer diagnosis and treatment planning.
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