Clinical Significance of Serum p53 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Patients with Acute Leukemia

Background: Pretreatment serum p53 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were assessedusing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with acute leukemia to analysis their roles incharacterization of different subtypes of the disease. Materials and
Methods: Serum samples from thirty twopatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and fourteen patients with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) wereanalysed, along with 24 from healthy individuals used as a control group.
Results: The results demonstrateda significant increase of serum p53 and EGFR in patients with AML (p<0.0001) compared to the controlgroup. Also, the results showed a significant increase of both markers in patients with ALL (p<0.05, p<0.0001respectively). Sensitivities and specificities for these variables were 52% and 100% for p53, and 73.9%, 95.8%for EGFR. Serum p53 and EGFR could successfully differentiate between M4 and other AML subtypes, whilethese variables failed to discriminate among ALL subtypes. A positive significant correlation was noted betweenp53 and EGFR. Negative significant correlations were observed between these variables and both of hemoglobin(Hg) content and RBC count.
Conclusions: Mutant p53 and EGFR are helpful serological markers for diagnosisof patients with AML or ALL and can aid in characterization of disease. Moreover, these markers may reflectcarcinogenesis mechanisms.