Development of Polymeric Nanopaclitaxel and Comparison with Free Paclitaxel for Effects on Cell Proliferation of MCF-7 and B16F0 Carcinoma Cells

Paclitaxel is hydrophobic in nature and is recognized as a highly toxic anticancer drug, showing adverse effectsin normal body sites. In this study, we developed a polymeric nano drug carrier for safe delivery of the paclitaxelto the cancer that releases the drug in a sustained manner and reduces side effects. N-isopropylacrylamide/vinyl pyrrolidone (NIPAAm/VP) nanoparticles were synthesized by radical polymerization. Physicochemicalcharacterization of the polymeric nanoparticles was conducted using dynamic light scattering,transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance, whichconfirmedpolymerization of formulated nanoparticles. Drug release was assessed using a spectrophotometer andcell viability assays were carried out on the MCF-7 breast cancer and B16F0 skin cancer cell lines. NIPAAm/VP nanoparticles demonstrated a size distribution in the 65-108 nm range and surface charge measured -15.4mV. SEM showed the nanoparticles to be spherical in shape with a slow drug release of ~70% in PBS at 38°Cover 96 h. Drug loaded nanoparticles were associated with increased viability of MCF-7 and B16F0 cells incomparison to free paclitaxel. Nano loaded paclitaxel shows high therapeutic efficiency by sustained releaseaction for the longer period of time, i increasing its efficacy and biocompatibility for human cancer therapy.Therefore, paclitaxel loaded (NIPAAm/VP) nanoparticles may provide opportunities to expand delivery of thedrug for clinical selection.