Role of Household Exposure, Dietary Habits and Glutathione S-Transferases M1, T1 Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to Lung Cancer among Women in Mizoram India

Background: A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the effect of household exposure, dietary habits,smoking and Glutathione S-Transferases M1, T1 polymorphisms on lung cancer among women in Mizoram, India.Materials and
Methods: We selected 230 newly diagnosed primary lung cases and 460 controls from women inMizoram. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR).
Results:Exposure of cooking oil fumes (p<0.003), wood as heating source for cooking (p=0.004), kitchen inside livingroom (p=0.001), improper ventilated house (p=0.003), roasting of soda in kitchen (p=0.001), current smokers oftobacco (p=0.043), intake of smoked fish (p=0.006), smoked meat (p=0.001), Soda (p<0.001) and GSTM1 nullgenotype (p=0.003) were significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer among women in Mizoram.Significantly protective effect was observed for intake of bamboo shoots (p=<0.001) and egg (p<0.001). A clearincrease in dose response gradient was observed for total cooking dish years. Risk for lung cancer tends to increasewith collegial effect of indoor environmental sources (p=0.022). Significant correlation was also observed forinteraction of GST polymorphisms with some of dietary habits.
Conclusions: We confirmed the important roleof exposure of cooking oil emission and wood smoke, intake of smoked meat, smoked fish and soda (an alkalipreparation used as food additives in Mizoram) and tobacco consumption for increase risk of lung cancer amongWomen in Mizoram.