Decreased HDL-Dependent Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Enzyme Activity May Indicate a Worse Prognosis in Multiple Myeloma

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological cancer characterized by clonal proliferation ofplasma cells.The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and arylesterase(ARE) in multiple myeloma with and without free light chain excretion(FLCe-MM and NFLCe-MM); as wellas to investigate possible alterations in oxidative stress parameters. Materials and
Methods: Total thiol (T.thl),oxidative stress index (OSI), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were examined inaddition to the PON1 and ARE enzyme activities in twenty one FLCe-MM and nineteen NFLCe-MM subjects.Routine parameters like lipid panel, serum total protein, albumin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uricacid and hemoglobin levels were compared with the oxidative stress markers.
Results: Serum total protein, BUN,creatinin, and uric acid levels were significantly higher (p=0.04, p=0.001, p=0.001 and p=0.0022, respectively), whilehemoglobin and albumin levels were significantly lower in FLCe-MM patients (p=0.009 and p=0.04,respectively).PON1 and ARE activities were significantly lower in patients with FLCe-MM compared to those with NFLCe-MM (p=0.001 and p=0.008, respectively).
Conclusions: Depending on our results of prognostic markers of MMsuch as age, hemoglobin, albumin, and creatinine we feel confident to presume FLCe-MM as a subgroup witha worse prognosis. A decrease in PON1 and ARE activities may contribute to the prognosis and may be used asa prognostic tool in MM.