Anticancer Potential of Cratoxylum formosum Subsp. Pruniflorum (Kurz.) Gogel Extracts Against Cervical Cancer Cell Lines

Background: Most northeast Thai vegetables may play roles in human health by acting as antioxidant andanticancer agents. Recent study showed that Cratoxylum formosum subsp. pruniflorum (Kurz.) Gogel. (Teawdang)could inhibit growth of liver cancer cell lines. Cervical cancer, which has human papilloma virus as its maincause, is found at high incidence in Thailand. Due to increasing drug resistance, searches for potential anticancercompounds from natural source are required. Therefore, our purpose was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Teawdangextracts in cervical cancer cell lines. Materials and
Methods: Teawdang edible parts, purchased from KhonKaen market during July-October 2013 was extracted with organic solvent. Phenolic profiles of crude hexane(CHE), ethyl acetate (CEE), methanol (CME) and water (CWE) extracts were performed by high performanceliquid chromatographic (HPLC) techniques. Their cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cells were investigatedwith HPV-non infected (C-33A) and HPV-infected (HeLa and SiHa) cell lines.
Results: HPLC profiles showedthat all crude extracts contained caffeine, ferulic acid and resveratrol. CME and CEE had high contents of gallicacid and quercetin. Catechin was found only in CWE. Cytotoxicity test showed that CEE had the lowest IC50on HeLa (143.18±13.35 μg/mL) and SiHa cells (106.45±15.73 μg/mL). C-33A cells were inhibited by CWE (IC50= 130.95±3.83 μg/mL).
Conclusions: There were several phenolic compounds in Teawdang extracts which mayhave cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cell lines. Investigation of these bioactive compounds as new sources ofanticancer agents is recommended.