Circulating Levels of Adipocytokines as Potential Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Carcinoma in Egyptian Patients

Background: Early detection of various kinds of cancers nowadays is needed including colorectal cancerdue to the highly significant effects in improving cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate thepotential value of adiponectin, visfatin and resistin as early biomarkers for colorectal cancer patients. Materialsand
Methods: Serum levels of adiponectin, visfatin and resistin were measured by a sandwich-enzyme-linked(ELISA) assay technique in 114 serum samples comprising 34 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), 27 withcolonic polyps (CP), 24 with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 29 healthy controls .The diagnostic accuracyof each serum marker was evaluated using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results:The mean concentration of adiponectin was significantly higher in CRC and CP groups than IBD and controlgroups (P-value <0.05). Also the mean concentration of serum resistin was significantly elevated in the IBD andcontrol groups compared to CRC and CP groups (P-value = 0.014). However, no significant difference was notedin patients of the CRC and CP groups. On the other hand, the mean concentration of visfatin was significantlyelevated in CRC and control groups compared to CP and IBD groups (P-value = 0.03). ROC analysis curves forthe studied markers revealed that between CRC and IBD groups serum level of adiponectin had a sensitivity of76.7% and a specificity of 76% at a cut off value of 3940, +LR being 3.2 and –LR 0.31 with AUC 0.852, while serumlevel of adiponectin between CP and IBD had a sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 75% at a cut off value of3300, with +LR=3.11 and -LR = 0.3 with AUC 0.852. On the other hand the serum level of visfatin between CRCand CP groups had a sensitivity of 65.5% and a specificity of 66.7 at a cut off value of 2.4, +LR being 1.67 and-LR 0.52 with AUC 0.698. Also the serum level of resistin had a sensitivity of 62.5% and a specificity of 70.3%at a cut off value of 24500, with +LR=2.1 and -LR = 0.53 with AUC 0.685 between control and other groups.On the other hand by comparing control vs CP groups resistin had a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity of70.8% at a cut off value of 17700, with +LR=2.8 and -LR = 0.26 with AUC 0.763 while visfatin had a sensitivityof 68.2% and a specificity of 70.8% at a cut off value of 2.7, with +LR=2.34 and -LR = 0.0.45 with AUC 0.812.
Conclusions: These findings support potential roles of adiponectin, visfatin and resistin in early detection ofCRC and discrimination of different groups of CRC, CP or IBD patients from normal healthy individuals.