Document Type : Research Articles
Authors
1
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Health-Technical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
2
Department of Hematology, Hiwa Cancer Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
3
Department of Clinical Hematology, Kurdistan Board for Medical Specialties, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
4
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
5
Department of Hematopathology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani,Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
6
Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq.
7
Department of Clinical Hematology, National Center of Hematology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract
Background: Smoking is a well-known related factor for many health problems in a human being through different ways of exposure. Objectives: Thie aim of the study was to examine the effects of different types of cigarette smoking on hemoglobin level, high sensitive C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and IgE levels in healthy adult subjects. Methods: One hundred seventy-one healthy adult females and males were included in this study. They divided into four groups: cigarette, shisha, passive smokers, and non-smokers groups. Serum samples from all groups analyzed for hemoglobin, hsCRP, IgE, and malondialdehyde level. Results: The mean MDA, IgE, and hemoglobin levels significantly increased in both smokers (cigarette and Shisha groups) and passive smokers than in non-smokers group (p<0.05). The hsCRP levels were significantly increased (p<0.05) in cigarette and Shisha smokers compared to non-smokers. At the same time, there was a non-significant relationship between passive smoker in comparison to non-smokers (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that smoking, including cigarette and shisha, even passive smoking harmed health through increasing Malondialdehyde, serum IgE and hs-CRP levels in the body.
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