The Clinicopathological Impact of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Gene Expression and Different Molecular Prognostic Biomarkers in Egyptian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

Nagdy, Bassant; Kassem, Hebatallah A; Abdel-Ghaffar, Abdel-Rahman B; Seoudi, Dina M; Kassem, Neemat M

doi:10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.7.1993

The Clinicopathological Impact of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Gene Expression and Different Molecular Prognostic Biomarkers in Egyptian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

¹ Molecular Oncology Unit, Kasr Al-Aiby Centre of Clinical Oncology; Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.

² Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology, Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

³ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.7.1993

Abstract

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by clonal expansion of myeloid precursors with diminished capacity for differentiation. It develops as the consequence of a series of genetic changes in a hematopoietic precursor cell. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the correlation between GM-CSF gene expression and different molecular prognostic markers such as FLT3-ITD, NPM1 mutation A and CEBPA gene expression in 100 Egyptian AML patients. As well as, correlation with the response to induction therapy, DFS andOS in these patients. Methodology: Quantitative assessment of GM-CSF gene expression was performed by qRT-PCR. Additional prognostic molecular markers were determined as FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutation A together with quantitative assessment of CEBPA gene expression by qRT-PCR. Results: Patients with high GM-CSF expression levels had better OS and DFS with p value 0.004 and 0.02, respectively. However, no statistically significant difference between low andhigh GM-CSF gene expression was found regarding the response to therapy (p value= 0.08). Most patients with low CEBPA expression had resistant disease together with poor OS and DFS (P value =

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