Document Type : Research Articles
Authors
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
2
Oncology and Stem Cell Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
3
Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
4
Biomedical Sciences Master Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
5
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
6
Laboratory of Advanced Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
7
Laboratory of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia.
8
Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
9
Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
10
Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity, anti-proliferation and anti-migration effect of the ethanol extract of Aaptos suberitoides on trastuzumab-resistant HER2+ breast cancer cell line. Methods: Aaptos suberitoides was collected from Tinjil Island, Banten, Indonesia, and was processed with maceration and ethanol extraction. HCC-1954 cells were treated with the ethanol extract and then followed by 3- [4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] -2.5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to assess cytotoxicity, clonogenic assay and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid assay to evaluate anti-proliferative effect in two-dimensional and 3D model, respectively, and wound healing assay to determine anti-cell migration effect. Four parametric regression was used to analyse the IC50. Results: This study revealed that the ethanol extract of Aaptos suberitoides suppressed cell viability in correlation with cell death induction. The IC50 values of the ethanol extract of Aaptos suberitoides using MTT assay and clonogenic assay were 12.0 ppm and 4.36 ppm, respectively. The extract demonstrated an inhibition effect on spheroid growth. In low concentration, the extract of Aaptos suberitoides inhibited cell migration. Furthermore, MS analysis showed that the most abundant compounds in this extract has molecular weight m/z 229.81 [M+H]+. Conclusion: This study revealed that the ethanol extract of Aaptos suberitoides demonstrates cytotoxicity, anti-proliferation and anti-migration effect as well as inhibition effect on three-dimensional spheroid growth in trastuzumab-resistant HER2+ breast cancer cell line.
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