High Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Type 18 in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders in Thailand

Kaewmaneenuan, Nithi; Lekawanvijit, Suree; Pongsiriwet, Surawut; Chatupos, Vuttinun; Iamaroon, Anak

doi:10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.6.1875

High Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Type 18 in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders in Thailand

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

² Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

³ Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

⁴ Excellence Center in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.6.1875

Abstract

Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to investigate the detection rate of high-risk human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 (high-risk HPV16/18) in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) including oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral lichen planus (OLP) in a Thai population and their associations with demographic, risk habits, and clinicopathologic features. Methods: Paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed specimens from 101 OL and 59 OLP patients with patients’ demographic, risk habits, and clinicopathologic data were collected. Conventional qualitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect high-risk HPV16/18 DNA. Associations between high-risk HPV type 16/18 and demographic, clinicopathologic, risk factors (tobacco and alcohol uses) of OPMDs were analysed by Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. The results with p value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: HPV16/18 DNA was found in both OL and OLP groups with the detection rate of 19.8% and 18.6%, respectively. Approximately 90% of high-risk HPV were HPV18 subtype. Additionally, in OL group, high-risk HPV was found more frequently in patients with moderate/severe dysplasia than that in mild dysplasia. Interestingly, in OLP group, high-risk HPV was only detected in atrophic/ulcerative subtypes. None of risk factors was associated with high-risk HPV. Conclusions: Approximately 19% of OPMDs were HPV16/18-positive. HPV18 DNA was predominantly detected in both OL and OLP patients (90%). Additionally, the detection rate of high-risk HPV was higher in more severe dysplastic cases of OL and more clinically severe cases of OLP.

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