Predictors and Treatment Outcomes of Pediatric Osteosarcoma in Diverse Socioeconomic Backgrounds in Southeast Asia: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

1 Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Phramongkutklao Hospital and Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.

2 Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

3 Department of Pediatric Surgery, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore.

4 Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

5 Haematology/Oncology Service, Department of Paediatric Subspecialties, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore.

6 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore.

7 Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.

8 Department of Global Pediatric Medicine, St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.

9 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Phramongkutklao Hospital and Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.

10 Division of Muskuloskeletal Oncology, National University Hospital, Singapore.

11 Division of Pediatric Oncology, KTP University Childrens’ Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore.

12 Department of Orthopaedics, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

Abstract

Background: Pediatric osteosarcoma outcomes among developed and developing countries have not been previously compared. Countries in Southeast Asia (SEA) have a wide variety of socioeconomic statuses. A multi-institutional retrospective study was conducted to determine the prognostic factors and outcomes for pediatric osteosarcoma in SEA. Methods: Pediatric patients with osteosarcoma treated between 1998 and 2017 in 4 SEA pediatric oncology centers were studied. Countries were classified using the World Bank Atlas method. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox’s Proportion Hazard Model were applied to estimate survival outcomes and identify prognostic factors. Results: In all, 149 patients with osteosarcoma with a mean age of 12.48±3.66 years were enrolled. The localized to metastatic disease ratio was 1.5:1. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were 53.8% and 42%, respectively. Prognostic factors associated with outcomes were country, stage of disease, MTX-containing regimens, and surgery type (p-value <0.05). In patients with localized disease, EFS was superior with limb-salvage surgery (62%) than amputation or rotationplasty (40%) (p-value 0.009). MTX-containing chemotherapies provided higher OS (45.3%) and EFS (37.9%) than non-MTX regimens (12.3% and 10.7%, respectively) among metastatic patients (p-value 0.004 and 0.005, respectively). Metastatic disease was an independent prognostic factor for death but not relapse outcome.  Conclusion: The disease outcomes in SEA were acceptable compared to developed countries. The stage of disease was the only independent prognostic factor. MTX-containing regimens and limb-salvage surgery should be considered where possible.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Volume 23, Issue 2
February 2022
Pages 631-640

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History

  • Receive Date: 19 November 2021
  • Revise Date: 05 January 2022
  • Accept Date: 10 February 2022

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