Association Between Mortality Due to Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Race in the United States From 2007 to 2016

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

1 Department of Translational Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States.

2 Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia, United States.

3 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia, United States.

4 Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States.

Abstract

Background: Asians and Pacific Islanders (API) exhibit increased incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, they are often excluded when the disease is studied. Risk-factors and incidence are well-researched while cancer-specific mortality trends remain unclear. We aimed to determine whether insurance status modifies the association between race and cancer-specific mortality in NPC patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used secondary data analysis from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database. Patients ≥18 years with histologically confirmed primary NPC from 2007 - 2016 were included. The main outcome assessed was 5-year survival and the main exposure variable was race (API, white, black). Insurance status was classified into uninsured, any Medicaid, and insured (with any insurance). Potential confounders included age, sex, marital status, stage at diagnosis, and surgical treatment. Adjusted Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: 1610 patients were included (72.98% male, 27.02% female). 49.8% were API, 40.5% were Whites, and 9.8% Blacks. Maximum follow-up was 5-years. The adjusted hazards of 5-year cancer-specific death for API and Blacks compared with Whites were 0.77 (95% CI 0.62 – 0.96) and 0.92 (95% CI 0.65 – 1.31), respectively. Cases decreased with age in API and Blacks. 8.2% of cases had localized disease, 45.3% had local spread, and 44.6% had distant metastasis. Insurance status did not modify the association between race and mortality. Conclusion: Race is an important prognostic factor to account for in NPC patients. Investigating risk-factors and subtypes stratified by race may explain our findings.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Volume 24, Issue 3
March 2023
Pages 915-921

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History

  • Receive Date: 25 September 2022
  • Revise Date: 22 December 2022
  • Accept Date: 10 March 2023

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