Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Survival among Unscreened Population -Multicenter Cohort Retrospective Analysis

Alsiary, Rawiah; Aboalola, Doaa; Alsolami, Mona ,; Alsaiari, Turki; Ramadan, Majed

doi:10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.4.1225

Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Survival among Unscreened Population -Multicenter Cohort Retrospective Analysis

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

¹ King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

² College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.4.1225

Abstract

Background: In Saudi Arabia and across the world, the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (< 50 years) has increased. The diagnosis of EOCRC, on the other hand, is frequently delayed. It is critical to implement a national screening program to identify those group of patients who might benefit from early diagnosis. Method: A retrospective search was conducted using data from the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs’ (MNG-HA) Cancer Registry. The population of 1440 CRC patients were eligible for the analyses. Patients’ demographics including age at diagnosis, gender, and marital status, were all reported. The demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed across early-onset and late-onset groups using Chi-square and Fisher exact test where appropriate. Results: CRC patients, early-onset CRC (18-50 years) was reported in 23.26%, mainly with advance disease. Late-onset (>50 years) CRC individuals have worse survival rate and higher probability of dying compared to early-onset CRC individuals. After age at diagnosis classification into three categories (18-40 years), (41-50 years), and (>50 years) the Kaplan-Meier Survival curve show that early-onset (18-40 years) CRC individuals had significantly better survival than (41-50 years), and (>50 years) CRC patients. Conclusions: Comparing our data to another screened population using US SEER datasets, we discovered a substantial difference in survival rates, with the SEER population having a considerably greater chance of survival. There is very little research on the significance of screening for Saudi CRC patients, and this is an issue that needs to be looked into more. Limitations: A study’s drawback is the lack of data for a variety of risk variables linked to colorectal cancer incidence, such as the KRAS mutation and environmental risk factors including BMI and smoking. More research with a nationally representative sample and comprehensive demographic and clinical data accessible is needed.

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