Document Type : Research Articles
Authors
1
University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
2
Tam Anh Research Institute (TAMRI), Tam Anh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
3
Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
4
School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
5
School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia. 6Department
6
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
7
Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
8
Vietnam Southern Military Institute of Preventive Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
9
Faculty of Medical Management, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Abstract
Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) significantly contributes to cancer-related mortality in Vietnam. Notably, malnutrition, rather than cancer itself, accounts for one-fifth of the deaths among cancer patients. Therefore, understanding the nutritional status and related factors among CRC patients is essential. We aimed to investigate the nutritional status and related factors in CRC in Vietnam. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from October 2022 to April 2023, included CRCs of both sexes aged ≥18 years. Data collection involved face-to-face interviews, anthropometric assessments, and medical record reviews. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify malnutrition-related factors. Results: In total, 388 patients were included (median age, 60.0 years, [IQR: 51.0–66.0 years]; men, 57.7%). The prevalence of malnutrition was 87.9% (95%CI: 84.6-91.1), and urgent nutritional intervention was needed in 64.7% of participants. Malnutrition-associated factors included lack of eating motivation (OR=8.76, 95%CI: 1.81-42.38), dieting for fear of cancer cell growth (OR=3.82, 95%CI: 1.27-11.52), gastrointestinal symptoms (OR=5.38, 95%CI: 1.76-16.45), daily energy intake <25kcal/kg (OR=7.02, 95%CI: 1.70-28.99), protein ≤ 1g/kg (OR=5.21, 95%CI: 1.32-20.60), fat <18% of total energy intake (OR=3.13, 95%CI: 1.02-9.57), mean corpuscular volume <85fL (OR=4.74, 95%CI: 1.11-20.22), and total lymphocyte count ≤1700 lymphocytes/mm3 (OR=4.06, 95%CI: 1.22-13.50). Additionally, a 1-kg increase in dominant hand strength reduced the risk of malnutrition by 4% (OR=0.96, 95%CI: 0.93-0.99). Conclusion: The high prevalence of malnutrition among CRCs in Vietnam necessitates nutritional intervention. The main contributors include loss of eating motivation and inadequate dietary intake.
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