Document Type : Research Articles
Authors
1
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
2
Department of Clincal Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science , Universitas Bali Internasional, Bali.
3
Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Pham Ngoc Thach University Of Medicine (PNTU), Vietnam.
4
Master Student in Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
5
Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan, Actuarial Division, Actuarial Valuation, Indonesia.
6
Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Abstract
Objective: This article aims to estimate the cancer burden in the ASEAN region by utilizing data from the 2022 Global Cancer Observatory (GCO). Methods: Using GCO data and its metric definition, we gathered cancer-related information for each ASEAN country and globally. Key metrics include incidence (new cases in 2022), mortality (cancer death in 2022), incidence per 100,000 (proportion diagnosed), mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) per 100,000 (proportion who died), age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR) per 100,000 (adjusted for age distribution), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) per 100,000 (adjusted mortality rate), and 5-year cancer prevalence (total cases from 2017-2022). Result: The region accounted for 9.3% of global cancer incidence, with Singapore having the highest Age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR) at 231.1 and Myanmar the lowest at 135.5. The Philippines had the highest Age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) at 112.9, and Indoensia the lowest at 82.5. Breast cancer was the most common among females (ASIR: 41.8), while lung cancer had the highest ASIR among males (26.0). Throid cancer had the highest incidence and mortality-to-incidence ratio in female, while liver cancer had the highest mortality rate in males. Across ASEAN, breast cancer ranked among the top five cancer in all countries. The finding highlight variations in cancer incidence and mortality across the region, emphasizing the need for targered prevention and control strategies. Conclusion: Data from ASEAN countries highlight significant variation in cancer incidence (ASIR) and mortality (ASMR) rate. Breasrt cancer was the most highest ASIR cancer among country in ASEAN. Cancer influenced by factor such as lifestyle habits, socioeconomic conditions, healthcare infrastructure, and genetic predispositions. Major contributors to the rising cancer rates in the region include key risk factor like tobacco and alcohol use, obesity, physical inactivity, and poor dietary habits.
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