Advancing Non-Invasive Genomic Detection of p53 Tumor Suppressor Mutations in Fecal and Tumor Tissues of Colorectal Cancer Patients in Makassar

Jatmiko, Unggul; Warsinggih, Warsinggih; Parewangi, A.M Luthfi; Syarifuddin, Erwin; Uwuratuw, Julianus Aboyaman; Sampetoding, Samuel; Ladju, Rusdiana Bte; Ariyanti, Citra; Abdi, Amirullah

doi:10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.10.3749

Advancing Non-Invasive Genomic Detection of p53 Tumor Suppressor Mutations in Fecal and Tumor Tissues of Colorectal Cancer Patients in Makassar

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

¹ Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

² Department of Digestive Surgery, Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia.

³ Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

⁴ Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

⁵ HUMRC Faculty of Medicine – RSUH Research Unit, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

⁶ Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.10.3749

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. TP53 mutations are frequently observed in CRC. This study evaluates TP53 mutations in tissue and fecal samples from CRC patients in Makassar, Indonesia, assessing diagnostic utility. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 66 CRC patients. DNA from tumor and fecal samples was analyzed using PCR and sequencing. Statistical analysis used SPSS and Python. ROC analysis (AUC: 0.725, 95% CI: [insert CI]) and gradient boosting model (AUC: 0.93) were performed. Results: TP53 mutations were found in 25.7% of tissue and 13.6% of fecal samples. Fecal TP53 detection showed sensitivity of 47%, specificity of 97%, and 85% accuracy with predictive modeling. Conclusion: Fecal-based TP53 mutation detection shows promise as a non-invasive biomarker for CRC. Despite high specificity, further validation is required to confirm its clinical applicability.

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