Comparative Analysis of Quality of Cell Collected from the Cervix: Conventional versus Liquid-Based Cytology

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the qualitative and quantitative differences in several cell types between conventional cytology and liquid-based cytology samples in patients diagnosed with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Methods: A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 84 female patients at Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Hospital (São Paulo, Brazil) between May 2019 and November 2020. Patients who underwent colposcopy-guided biopsy and were subsequently diagnosed with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were included in this study. After the patients’ selection, relevant information, conventional cytology, and liquid-based cytology samples were collected in the same session. Results: Liquid-based cytology presented less neutrophilic infiltrate and a clean background, when compared to conventional cytology. We observed a larger amount of cell types (mature, basal, metaplastic, endocervical cells) in conventional cytology when compared to liquid-based cytology, with statistically significant results in all four cell types. We also observed a concordance rate of 90.6% in the cytological diagnosis between conventional and liquid-based cytologies. Conclusion: Even though we found a greater amount of cells in conventional cytology, the diagnostic accuracy of both cytologies is similar. Therefore, in places in where conventional cytology is employed as the main screening method, a proper diagnosis is achieved.

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