Background: The STING1-IRF1 axis plays a crucial role in sensing innate immunity within the tumor microenvironment. However, the genomic landscape of this axis and its clinical implications in breast cancer still require a deeper understanding, more comprehensive explanation, and greater detail. Methods: This study adopted a multi-cohort integrated analytical approach. Gene expression and clinical survival data were retrieved from the GEO database under the serial number GSE42568, while somatic mutation data were obtained from the TCGA-BRCA database. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was performed, including survival analysis (Kaplan–Meier), differential gene expression analysis (volcano plots), and genomic mutation characterization (Oncoprint), using the R programming language and suitable packages. Results: The results in cohort GSE42568 showed high expression of the STING1-IRF1 axis it is associated with a positive trend towards improved survival rates. Transcriptional analysis also revealed a decrease in the expression of HLA-B and HLA-C genes, immunotropic chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL 10) in tumors with low STING1 expression this suggests a “cold” immune pattern. Conversely parallel genomic analysis of the TCGA cohort has identified high frequency of mutations in the MAP3K1 (56%) and PIK3CA (53%), TP53 (46%) genes in addition to mutations in STING1which was directly linked to a disruption in tumor signaling pathways particularly in cell cycle pathways and TP53 and PIK3CA this contributes to strengthening immune escape mechanisms. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the STING1-IRF1 axis is a prognostic biomarker for predicting the course of the disease, targeting this pathway may help overcome immune evasion resulting from specific genomic changes in breast cancer patients
Alhamadani, I. and Alzeyadi, M. (2026). Integrated Analysis of the STING1-IRF1 Signaling Pathway and Genomic Alterations in Breast Cancer: Implications for Immune Evasion and Patient Prognosis. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 27(8), 3063-3071. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2026.27.8.3063
MLA
Alhamadani, I. , and Alzeyadi, M. . "Integrated Analysis of the STING1-IRF1 Signaling Pathway and Genomic Alterations in Breast Cancer: Implications for Immune Evasion and Patient Prognosis", Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 27, 8, 2026, 3063-3071. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2026.27.8.3063
HARVARD
Alhamadani, I., Alzeyadi, M. (2026). 'Integrated Analysis of the STING1-IRF1 Signaling Pathway and Genomic Alterations in Breast Cancer: Implications for Immune Evasion and Patient Prognosis', Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 27(8), pp. 3063-3071. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2026.27.8.3063
CHICAGO
I. Alhamadani and M. Alzeyadi, "Integrated Analysis of the STING1-IRF1 Signaling Pathway and Genomic Alterations in Breast Cancer: Implications for Immune Evasion and Patient Prognosis," Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 27 8 (2026): 3063-3071, doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2026.27.8.3063
VANCOUVER
Alhamadani, I., Alzeyadi, M. Integrated Analysis of the STING1-IRF1 Signaling Pathway and Genomic Alterations in Breast Cancer: Implications for Immune Evasion and Patient Prognosis. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2026; 27(8): 3063-3071. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2026.27.8.3063
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