Colorectal Cancer Patient Characteristics, Treatment and Survival in Oman - a Single Center Study

Background: Colorectal cancer is the most common gastrointestinal cancer in Oman with an increasingincidence. We here report the presenting features, treatment outcomes and survival in a University hospital inOman and compare our data with regional and international studies. Materials and
Methods: Medical recordsof patients with colorectal cancer were reviewed retrospectively between June 2000 and December 2013 and werefollowed until June 2014.
Results: A total of 162 patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The majoritywere males (58.6%), with a median age of 56 years. Rectum was involved in 29.6% of patients, followed byascending and sigmoid colon. The majority of patients had stage III (42.6%) and stage IV (32.7%) disease atpresentation. K-Ras status was checked for 79 patients, and 41 (51.9%) featured the wild type. Median relapsefree survival was 22 months. Median overall survival for all patients was 43 months. Observed 5 year overallsurvival (OS) for stages I, II and III was 100%, 60% and 60% respectively. On Log rank univariate analysis,age, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, metformin use, stage, clinical nodal status for rectal cancer, pathological Tand nodal status, site of metastasis, surgical intervention, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy regimen,no of cycles of chemotherapy, response, RFS, site of recurrence and administration of 2nd line chemotherapywere significant factors affecting OS. On Cox regression multivariate analysis none of the factors independentlyaffected the OS.
Conclusions: The majority of patients present with advanced disease and at young age. Thesurvival rates are comparable to the published regional and international literature.