Effects Atra on MMP-9 Activity and Integrin Expression in Choriocarcinoma Culture Cell Line Bewo (ATCC CCL-98)

Nurseta, Tatit; Indrawan, I Wayan Agung; Gunawan, Didik Agus; Pramudia Wardani, Komang Resty

doi:10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.3.1027

Effects Atra on MMP-9 Activity and Integrin Expression in Choriocarcinoma Culture Cell Line Bewo (ATCC CCL-98)

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.

² Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ngudi Waluyu Hospital Wlingi, East Java, Indonesia.

10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.3.1027

Abstract

Objective: Choriocarcinoma is characterized by aggressive growth and metastasis, and integrins and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) play crucial roles in its progression. ATRA (All-trans retinoic acid) has been shown to have anti-tumor effects in various cancers, poses a 15-20% malignancy risk. This study investigates the effects ATRA on MMP-9 activity and integrin expression in the choriocarcinoma cell line BeWo, and to explore the potential mechanisms underlying these effects. Methods: This is an experimental study using choriocarcinoma cell line BeWo. Six treatment groups were established to varying concentrations of ATR and one group served as a control without ATRA exposure. The groups were labelled with fluorescence and performed with flowcytometry to determine MMP-9 and integrin expression. Data was presented as mean ± SD and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests in which p-value <0.05. Result: ATRA at the doses of 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/ml significantly decreased the MMP-9 activity compared to those in the control group. Furter, ATRA at the doses of 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/ml significantly increased the integrin expression compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: ATRA might decrease the MMP-9 activity as an invasive factor and increase integrin expression as an adhesive factor in the BeWo choriocarcinoma cell line that might play a role in the metastasis mechanism.

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