Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Information-Seeking on HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer Prevention in Rural Indonesia

Document Type : Research Articles

Authors

1 Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Greater Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia.

2 Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Greater Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia.

3 Tobelo General Hospital, North Halmahera, North Moluccas, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.

4 Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer remains a leading public health problem in Indonesia, with low screening and HPV vaccination coverage, particularly in rural areas where knowledge gaps and limited healthcare access persist. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding HPV infection and cervical cancer, and the role of information-seeking behavior in identifying effective channels for raising awareness on these issues. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 20 March 2023 and 20 January 2024, involving 220 women from two rural districts in North Moluccas, selected via convenience sampling. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 with descriptive statistics, normality testing (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), bivariate analyses (Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact, Pearson’s or Spearman’s tests), and multivariate logistic regression (backward LR, p < 0.05), with model performance assessed using ROC curves and AUC values. Results: Most participants demonstrated poor KAP, with 18.7% showing good knowledge, 22.7% expressing a positive attitude, and 44.5% engaging in favorable practices. KAP were found to be positively correlated (p<0.001). Key predictors of good knowledge included higher education (AOR = 7.07), family history of cancer (AOR = 15.20), private vehicle use (AOR = 4.15), and active health-information seeking behavior (HISB) (AOR = 3.41). Determinants for a positive attitude included higher education (AOR = 3.79), family history of cancer (AOR = 4.42), active HISB (AOR = 3.88), and good knowledge (OR = 10.29). Favorable practices were influenced by private vehicle use (AOR = 2.66) and positive attitude (AOR = 20.62). Conclusion: In conclusion, KAP are influenced by HISB, and involving healthcare workers in providing information, particularly through digital platforms, has the potential to improve KAP in rural communities.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Volume 27, Issue 2
February 2026
Pages 693-704

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History

  • Receive Date: 07 August 2025
  • Revise Date: 05 October 2025
  • Accept Date: 03 February 2026

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